Pearls of Exxcellence

Management of Late Term Pregnancy is presented from the Pearls of Exxcellence Series by the Society for Academic Specialists in General Obstetrics and Gynecology. Visit us at www.exxcellence.org.

Laparoscopic sterilization, it's use, issues and considerations are presented from our Pearls of Exxcellence articles series. For more information, visit www.exxcellence.org.

The Pearls of Exxcellence series presents the testing, diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of hyperprolactinemia. Produced by the Society for Academic Specialists in General Obstetrics and Gynecology (SASGOG).

From the Pearls of Exxcellence Series - Interpretation of benign endometrial biopsy when evaluating Abnormal Uterine Bleeding is presented

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common gynecologic condition causing symptoms in 4-8% of women. Women with prolapse beyond the hymen are more likely to present with obstructive voiding symptoms such as hesitancy, weak or intermittent flow, sensation of incomplete emptying or require splinting to facilitate voiding. When these symptoms are present further evaluation should begin.

Pearls of Exxcellence Series. Medical article in podcast format.

Identification and management of active phase arrest in labor is presented and discussed, including treatment approach and considerations.

The relative risks, procedures and approach, as well as patient counseling for obstetricians/Gynecologists when considering ovarian conservation when a hysterectomy is performed, are presented and discussed.

Female sexual dysfunction is defined as any sexual complaint or problem that results from disorders of desire, arousal, orgasm, or sexual pain and causes marked distress or interpersonal difficulty. The term “female sexual dysfunction” encompasses the clinical entities of hypoactive sexual desire disorder, arousal disorder, orgasmic disorder, dyspareunia, and .......

Endometrial ablation can be performed by several different minimally invasive procedures which cause surgical destruction of the endometrium to treat abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB).

Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy by The Society for Academic Specialists in General Obstetrics and Gynecology

The Pearls of Exxcellence Series by The Foundation for Exxcellence in Women's Health, Inc. For patients using chronic antithrombotic therapy undergoing gynecologic surgery, interruption of therapy to reduce bleeding risk must be balanced against risk of thromboembolism.

The Pearls of Exxcellence Series: Cervical ectopic pregnancy is the rare implantation of a pregnancy in the endocervical canal and accounts for less than 1% of all ectopic pregnancies. Patients usually present with vaginal bleeding, which can be profuse and is often painless.

The Pearls of Exxcellence Series: Diagnosis, evaluation and management of Amniotic Fluid Embolism is presented

Management of Ureteral Injuries by The Society for Academic Specialists in General Obstetrics and Gynecology

Pearls of Exxcellence Series: Diagnosis, evaluation and management of hyperprolactinemia is presented by the Foundation for Exxcellence in Women's Health, Inc.

Evaluation of Stress Urinary Incontinence

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI), defined as involuntary leakage of urine during coughing, laughing, sneezing, or physical activity, affects 35% of all women. Bothersome SUI can be managed surgically or non-surgically. Because SUI surgery is associated with operative morbidity, post-procedure voiding difficulty, and development of worsening urge incontinence, surgical intervention is traditionally reserved for patients whose symptoms persist despite conservative therapy.

Labor is divided into three stages. The first stage of labor is divided into two phases – the latent phase and the active phase. In the latent phase, contractions become progressively more coordinated, regular, and frequent, and are associated with cervical change.

Clostridium Difficile Colitis by The Society for Academic Specialists in General Obstetrics and Gynecology

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide, including among women of childbearing age, with an additional 150 million adult cases projected by 2030. Diabetes poses significant risks to pregnant women and developing fetuses. These risks can be minimized through effective contraception and appropriate preconception care.

The perimenopause is defined as the onset of intermenstrual cycle variability (±7 days) through two years after the final menstrual period. Menopause is achieved after 12 completed months of amenorrhea. During the menopausal transition, menstrual cycle inconsistencies are a reflection of the decreasing number of ovarian follicles and the resulting variability of hormone secretion and oligovulation.

Trocar site hernias occur in approximately 1% of laparoscopies. While rare, trocar site hernias are preventable. Risk factors for trocar site hernia include increasing age and BMI. Higher rates are observed with pyramidal trocars when compared to conical or blunt. Open entry (Hasson) technique is also associated with increased risk.

Although considered gold standard in investigating acute or chronic pelvic pain, diagnostic laparoscopy may not demonstrate any causative factors in 30-50% of patients, leading to considerable disappointment. When endometriosis is not detected by gross inspection and or by biopsy, alternative etiologies should be considered.