End Of Rotation Exam Review

Listen to the episode for the answers!MC site infection for an IV drug userFirst line treatment for Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT)MC organism in osteomyelitisDiagnosis of HemophiliaHow is a stress fracture diagnosedHow often does the USPSTF recommend screening for abdominal aortic aneurysmsAt what CHADSVASC score is it recommended to start anti coagulation in patients with afibWhat is the diagnostic study of choice for duodenal ulcersFirst line treatment for cluster headachesAntidote for heparin overdoseWhat would you see on PE for an orbital blow-out fractureWhat are two physical exam signs associated with acute pancreatitisWhat is the dosing schedule for HPV vaccineHow do you titrate the treatment for chronic Hepatic encephalopathyWhat are the 6 P’s of compartment syndrome

Listen to the podcast for why each multiple choice answer is right or wrong!1. Which of the following is NOT associated with the presentation of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state?A. Severe hyperglycemia (>600-2400mg/dl)B. HI serum osmolality >310 mOsm/kgC. Metabolic AcidosisD. UA w/4+ glucoseE. Dehydration with low Serum Na+2. Which of the following qualifies as a diagnosis for Diabetes?A. Fasting plasma glucose of 115B. Random blood glucose of 210 without symptoms of hyperglycemiaC. Hemoglobin A1c of 6.4%D. A two hour plasma glucose of 180 during an oral glucose tolerance test3. Which of the following vaccines are recommended for patients with diabetes?A. Influenza vaccine every 6 monthsB. Meningococcal vaccine C. Zoster VaccineD. Hepatitis B vaccineE. Hepatitis C vaccineAnswers1. C. Metabolic Acidosis 2. B. Random blood glucose of 210 without symptoms of hyperglycemia3. E. Hepatitis C vaccineFeel free to reach out with questions and suggestions at leonardsee94@gmail.com. IG: @lenny_see

Listen to the podcast for why each multiple choice answer is right or wrong!1. A 21 YO F who is taking OCPs presents to the ED with increasing SOB starting 4 hours ago. On PE she’s tachycardic and has tachypnea at 23 breaths a minute. Her BP is 120/80. She has wheezing to all lung fields and appears to be in moderate distress. Both calves are mildly edematous and somewhat tender. What will you do next?A. CT chest B. Chest x-ray C. Ventilation to perfusion scan D. Pulmonary arteriography E. MRI chest2. A 33 YO M presents for an evaluation of a chronic cough for the past 6 months. He does not smoke and does not report any seasonal allergies. He denies any systemic complaints such as fever or weight loss, and does not have any symptoms of heartburn or regurgitation or runny nose. He does not take any medications. Lungs are clear to auscultation and a chest x-ray shows no acute disease. He reports having tried bronchodilators and Claritin recently with no symptomatic improvement. What is the next step?A. A trial of a proton pump inhibitor B. Pulmonary function tests to r/o COPDC. 24-hour pH monitoringD. Start z-pack for subclinical URIE. Methacholine inhalation test3. An 18-year-old F presents complaining of a very sore throat, swollen lymph nodes in her neck, fever, and general malaise for the past 2 days. She’s febrile at 102.2°F, has enlarged exudative tonsils, tender cervical lymphadenopathy, rapid strep screen is negative. What additional PE findings will you most likely find? A. Increased monocytes on white cell differential B. Enlarged spleenC. IgA antibodies for Epstein-Barr virusD. Decreased atypical lymphocytes on white blood cell differentialAnswers1. D. Pulmonary arteriography2. A. A trial of a proton pump inhibitor3. B. Enlarged spleenWells' Criteria for Pulmonary Embolism: www.mdcalc.com/wells-criteria-pulmonary-embolismPERC Rule for Pulmonary Embolism: www.mdcalc.com/perc-rule-pulmonary-embolismLung sounds: www.youtube.com/watch?v=TlgP8MzlMawFeel free to reach out with questions and suggestions at leonardsee94@gmail.com. IG: @lenny_see

Listen to the podcast for why each multiple choice answer is right or wrong!1. A 38-year-old woman has a developed a solid and quite firm thyroid mass that is approximately 1 cm diameter by palpation. She does not have any hoarseness, difficulty breathing or swallowing, or symptoms of thyroid disease. She no history of radiation, cancer, or familial history of thyroid disease. You order a Thyroid panel that includes TSH, Free T3 and T4. What would you do next?A Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the nodule B Observation to see if the nodule increases in size C Radioactive iodine uptake test (RAIU) D Resection of the nodule E Soft tissue neck ultrasound2. You’ve been treating a 35-year-old female patient for thyroid disease and she comes back for a yearly exam. Her meds are significant for 100 ugm of levothyroxine once daily. Blood pressure is 124/84, pulse 72 bpm, respirations 13 bpm, and she is afebrile. Her physical examination is normal. Since you’re a PA who’s on top of your game, you’ve already had her come a week ago to draw her yearly physical labs that include a thyroid panel and you discuss the following results with her: Her TSH level is 11.5 uIU/mL (normal 0.4 to 5.0 uIU/mL). What is your next step in her treatment?A Draw a free T3 and free T4. B Decrease levothyroxine to 88 ugm daily and recheck her TSH in 4 to 6 weeks to adjust if necessary. C Increase her levothyroxine to 112 ugm daily and recheck her TSH in 4 to 6 weeks to adjust if necessary. D Since she is asymptomatic no adjustment to levo is necessary. Recheck levels in 6 monthsto increase her levothyroxine dose. 3. 24-year-old woman presents to your office with symptoms of heart palpitations, sore neck, and excessive sweating when other people say its cold. She has no significant history of surgery or medical conditions and is not on any medications. In office, her BP = 124/68, pulse = 110 beats per minute, respirations = 18 per minute, and temperature = 101 o F orally. Upon exam, her thyroid is mildly enlarged without nodules, and severely tender. RAIU is depressed. No local erythema or heat is noted. What is the most likely diagnosis in this patient?A Thyroid abscess B Papillary thyroid cancer C Hashimoto's thyroiditis D Graves' disease E Subacute thyroiditisAnswers1. E Soft tissue neck ultrasound2. C Increase her levothyroxine to 112 ugm daily and recheck her TSH in 4 to 6 weeks to adjust if necessary. 3. E Subacute thyroiditisFeel free to reach out with questions and suggestions at leonardsee94@gmail.com. IG: @lenny_see

Listen to the podcast for why each multiple choice answer is right or wrong!1. A 9 YO boy presents to your clinic with widened pulse pressure, paradoxical splitting of S2 and a continuous machinery-type murmur that is heard best in the 2nd left intercostal space and widely transmitted over the precordium. No cyanosis present. What is the most likely diagnosis?A. Ventricular septal defect.B. Atrial septal defect.C. Coarctation of AortaD. Patent Ductus Arteriosus.2. A 15-year-old man presents after fainting while playing a basketball game. The patient states he was shooting when he felt lightheaded and subsequently passed out. On presentation, he is asymptomatic and has completely normal vital signs. Using your stethoscope, you hear a crescendo-decrescendo murmur at the left sternal border. What diagnosis should be suspected in this patient?A. Still's murmurB. Eisenmenger's syndromeC. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathyD. Venous hum3. It’s your 3rd week at your pediatric rotation and a 8-year-old girl is brought in by his mom for strange behavior. She’s had intermittent fevers at night for the past week and reports L knees, bilateral ankle and R elbows joint pain and swelling. As she’s sitting on your exam table, her hands are writing uncontrollably and she maintains she can’t control them. On exam, a diastolic murmur is noted at the right upper sternal border. Which of the following diagnoses is most consistent with her symptoms?A. Acute Rheumatic FeverB. Pulmonic stenosisC. Aortic stenosisD. Tetralogy of FallotAnswers1. D. Patent ductus arteriosus2. C. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy3. A. Acute Rheumatic FeverFeel free to reach out with questions and suggestions at leonardsee94@gmail.com. IG: @lenny_see

Listen to the podcast for why each multiple choice answer is right or wrong!#1 A 2 year old boy presents with a 3 day history of rhinorrhea, conjunctivitis, barky cough, and a fever of 102 degrees. On physical examination you appreciate cervical lymphadenopathy, an erythematous throat most likely from the cough, and while you’re inspecting the mouth, you see a number of 1-3 mm white and gray elevations in the back of the cheek. Otherwise he has normal heart and breath sounds. This presentation is most consistent with:A. RoseolaB. RubeolaC. RubellaD. streptococcal pharyngitis#2 A 5 year old boy presents with a 2 day history of fever and runny nose. His father states that he woke up this morning with rosy cheeks, and sure enough he’s sitting on your exam table with rosy cheeks. Physical exam reveals a light reticular rash over the extensor surfaces. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?A. Scarlet feverB. Erythema infectiosumC. VaricellaD. Epstein-Barr virus#3 A 6-year-old boy presents with a fever for the past week. His mother states that over the course of the week, he has been getting worse. You take a look at the boy and doesn’t look very good. He has a 38.5C fever, bilateral conjunctival injection, a macular, erythematous rash on his abdomen and arms and a beefy red tongue. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?A Herpes simplex 1B Hand Foot and Mouth diseaseC Tinea capitisD Kawasaki diseaseAnswers#1 B. Rubeola#2 B. Erythema infectiosum#3 D. Kawasaki diseaseFeel free to reach out with questions and suggestions at leonardsee94@gmail.com. IG: @lenny_see