Podcasts about histologically

Introduction: This study aimed to characterize the glycophenotype of osteoarthritic cartilage and human chondrocytes. Methods: Articular knee cartilage was obtained from nine osteoarthritis (OA) patients. mRNA levels for 27 glycosyltransferases were analyzed in OA chondrocytes using RT-qPCR. Additionally, N- and O-glycans were quantified using mass-spectrometry. Histologically, two cartilage areas with Mankin scores (MS) either

We report the untypical clinical course of a previously healthy two-year-old girl, who died suddenly and unexpectedly after an episode of vomiting. At forensic autopsy no other pathological findings could be diagnosed than multiple reddish, sunken areas in brain stem, mesencephalon, and pons. Histologically they presented as areas of spongiosis of the neuropil with prominent endothelial hyperplasia and vascular proliferation whereas nerve cells were well preserved. On the basis of the characteristic neuropathological findings in combination with the age of the child, we had to take into consideration that the child might have died from subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy (Leigh's Disease) despite the untypical, fulminant clinical course.

By assessing the results of this study, guidance should be provided regarding intramuscular injection volumes of medicines for pigs meeting animal welfare standards.Totally, 252 pigs were included in the trial. Tissue reactions of varying injection volumes were investigated in three groups formed according to age. Group 1 comprised suckling piglets 3 - 28 days of age. Piglets of Group 2 were 4 - 12 weeks old and Group 3 was formed of fattening pigs and sows. Studying the effect on haptoglobin concentrations of an intramuscular injection of NaCl, Stellamune® Mycoplasma, Suvaxyn® M.hyo, M+PAC® or Myofer® 100, only the vaccine M+PAC® (2 ml dosage) showed an increase above the upper value of the normal range (1.42 +/- 0.6 mg/ml). The local tolerance of two antibiotics (Terramycin® 100 and Draxxin®) was studied in three age groups. The three mycoplasma vaccines (Stellamune® Mycoplasma, Suvaxyn® M.hyo, M+PAC®) were tested in suckling as well as weaned piglets and the PRRSV-vaccine (Ingelvac® PRRS MLV) only in weaned piglets. The studied criteria comprised the laboratory parameters leukocytes, AST and CK. Additionally, the injection sites were assessed clinically over a period of six day post injectionem as well as pathoanatomically and histologically. After a single injection of Terramycin® 100 or Draxxin®, determined leukocyte values did not point to any inflammatory reactions in any of the age groups. The injection of Terramycin® 100 resulted in elevated AST enzyme values above the maximum reference standard of 35 U/l in weaned piglets, fattening pigs and sows as well as after application of Draxxin® to suckling and weaned piglets. After administration of Draxxin®, creatine kinase values rose above the limit (2000 U/I) in all age groups while after application of Terramycin® 100, elevated values of CK were only found in the groups of fattening pigs and sows. Comparing the two antibiotics, the clinical investigation of injection sites resulted in significant differences in suckling piglets and partly highly significant differences regarding individual experimental parameters in the age groups of weaned piglets and fattening pigs/sows. Comparing the three age groups and evaluating the injection sites macroscopically, predominantly highly significant differences were observed concerning the parameter “extension score 3D”. Equally, significant or highly significant results were recorded when the two antibiotics were compared separately according to age groups. Histologically, extreme myodegeneration as well as coagulation necrosis were seen. The latter was demarcated by a massive inflammatory vallum with fibroblastic budding. Giant cell formation as well as myofibrillar calcification additionally to adipose cell and vascular necrosis was found in the age groups of the “weaned piglets” and of “fattening pigs/sows”. After injection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines, AST enzyme values rose above the maximum range limit (8 – 35 U/I) only after application of 4 ml Suvaxyn® M.hyo to suckling piglets and after administration of 2 ml M+PAC® to weaned piglets. The findings of the clinical investigation of the injection site were either depending on the used vaccine or the applied volume. Predominantly highly significant differences were determined by macroscopic investigation of the injection site comparing the vaccines separately within dose volumes and age groups. Significant differences were seen when comparing dose volumes of Suvaxyn® M.hyo (2 and 4 ml) in the two age groups (suckling and weaned piglets) and of M+PAC® (1 and 2 ml). The results of the histologic investigation showed that the type of tissue reaction predominantly depends on the composition of the vaccine. Consequently, marked differences were found between the three used mycoplasma vaccines, however, the histological findings were predominantly uniform within the treatment groups. Concerning the tissue reaction, an obvious difference was observed between the two dose volumes (2 and 20 ml) of the Ingelvac PRRS MLV vaccine. The application of 20 ml Ingelvac® PRRS MLV vaccine caused a marked elevation of the concentration of AST and CK. Contrary, all tested blood parameter were within the range of range standards after injection of 2 ml of the vaccine. No significant differences between the two dose volumes were determined in the clinical investigation of the injection site for any of the assessed parameters. Macroscopically, highly significant differences were seen between the two dose volumes (2 and 20 ml) for the parameters “tissue alteration”, “extension score” and “extension score 3D”. The histological alteration was very similar in both experimental groups. Only the formation of granular tissue was much more pronounced with the 20 ml dosage.

Objectives: To present the indications for myomectomy during pregnancy and to discuss complications possibly related and unrelated to the procedure. Method and Results: A 33-year-old patient at 18 weeks of gestation underwent removal of a 1,570-gram symptomatic fundic myoma. Histologically the patient had a leiomyomatous neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential. The pregnancy was continued under sequential observation with magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound. At 36 weeks of gestation a healthy girl with an upper extremity limb defect was born via cesarean section. Follow-up of the mother and the child was uneventful. Conclusions: Certain known risk factors in pregnant women with myomas can predispose to complications during pregnancy. Women with such risk factors or women who have failed medical therapy should be offered the option of undergoing myomectomy as a pregnancy-preserving procedure. Copyright (C) 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel.

We describe a series of 18 patients with an intrasellar mass incidentally discovered by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. The average size of the mass was 13 mm, with a range from 5 to 25 mm. Initial ophthalmologic examination revealed bitemporal hemianopia in 2 patients. Results of routine endocrine testing showed partial hypopituitarism in 5 patients and growth hormone hypersecretion without signs and symptoms of acromegaly in 1 patient. Four patients underwent neurosurgery. Histologically, one chondroid chordoma and three pituitary adenomas were found. In the remaining 14 patients treated conservatively, repeated computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed no significant change in tumor size at the time of follow-up (median, 22 months). Our results suggest that the "incidentaloma" of the pituitary gland is a benign condition that does not necessarily require neurosurgical intervention.