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Interview with Nick Smart, CEO of ValOre Metals Corp.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/valore-metals-tsxvvo-pitch-perfect-november-2025-8623Recording date: 3rd December 2025ValOre Metals is executing an ambitious transformation from single-asset platinum-palladium explorer into an integrated precious metals producer operating across Brazil. Under CEO Nick Smart—an Anglo American veteran with 21 years of experience building and commissioning operations globally—the company is pursuing a dual-track strategy: advancing the flagship Pedra Branca PGM project towards production whilst acquiring near-term cash-flowing assets to accelerate transformation into a diversified producer.The platinum-palladium market has shifted dramatically from anticipated decline to structural deficit. Contrary to earlier predictions that electric vehicles would eliminate PGM demand, hybrid vehicles—now representing a larger automotive segment than pure EVs—actually require higher loadings of platinum and palladium in autocatalysts due to smaller engines operating at lower temperatures. This has created steady demand whilst years of low prices discouraged new supply investment.South Africa holds 90% of global PGM resources, but ageing deep-level operations face mounting operational challenges and costs. With relatively few development-stage projects globally and extended timelines for new supply even once financed, the supply deficit appears structural. Global platinum production approximates 6 million ounces annually—a fraction of gold's 120 million ounces—meaning modest demand shifts drive significant price impacts. Industrial catalyst applications and jewellery substitution for record-priced gold provide additional demand support.ValOre's Pedra Branca project in Ceará State, Brazil, offers compelling economics compared to traditional PGM operations. Most significantly, mineralisation extends to surface, enabling open-pit mining rather than the expensive 600-800 metre deep underground operations characterising South African production. This provides substantial cost advantages—open-pit mining is cheaper and faster to develop than underground operations requiring massive shaft infrastructure investment.The Pedra Branca project holds a 2.2 million ounce inferred resource at 1.08 grams per tonne, with higher-grade ore near surface providing advantages for early production economics. The asset spans 50,000 hectares with mineralisation extending over 80 kilometres, suggesting expansion potential. Infrastructure advantages—stable jurisdiction, excellent access, supportive government policies—compound the geological benefits.Accelerated Development PathwayValOre is leveraging Brazil's trial mining licensing programme, which allows demonstration-scale operations at approximately one-tenth of planned full capacity. For Pedra Branca, targeting eventual production of 150,000 ounces annually, the trial mining phase would operate at approximately 15,000 ounces per annum. Following a preliminary economic assessment by end-2026 and an 18-month construction period, the company expects H2 2028 production. This phased approach reduces capital intensity, enables operational refinement, and generates cash flow supporting subsequent expansion.ValOre is actively pursuing Brazilian precious metal projects (particularly gold assets) that have completed trial mining but require capital for full production. The company targets acquisitions in early 2026 that would provide production that same year, ramping through 2027-2028 as Pedra Branca advances. As a Discovery Group-backed entity with North American capital access, ValOre can provide financing that Brazilian-domiciled companies struggle to secure.Acquiring projects with existing operational teams, completed engineering work, and functioning demonstration plants accelerates production whilst building internal capability. This dual-track approach—near-term production via M&A alongside Pedra Branca development—aims to transform ValOre from explorer to diversified producer within compressed timeframes across multiple Brazilian operations, establishing production profile whilst maintaining leverage to potential PGM price recovery.View ValOre Metals' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/valore-metalsSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com
Contrary to fears of overpopulation, Lionel warns we are in the midst of a silent depopulation. The core issue is the dramatic drop below the Replacement Fertility (RF) rate of 2.1 children per woman. Lionel reveals that the main culprit is not smaller families, but an "amazing share of people who never become parents at all", driven primarily by delayed parenthood and institutionalized narratives that encourage prioritizing careers over family. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Contrary to Victorian era illustrations and Michelangelo's chubby cherubs in the Sistine Chapel, angels are always described as glorious and fear-inducing. Whenever someone sees a vision of an angel in Scripture, the person who sees them is dumbfounded and crippled by fear. In most instances, the angel has to tell the person not to fear and followed by supernatural help to recuperate. Such is the case with Daniel, who receives an interpretation of his vision from an angel. There's far too much to talk about concerning the historical fulfillment of Daniel's vision, but the prophesy moves from near future to the end of days when it is mentioned that the king will do whatever he wants.Daniel 9:20 - 1:03 . Daniel 10 - 3:21 . Daniel 11 - 7:29 . Daniel 12 - 17:47 . :::Christian Standard Bible translation.All music written and produced by John Burgess Ross.Co-produced by the Christian Standard Bible.facebook.com/commuterbibleinstagram.com/commuter_bibletwitter.com/CommuterPodpatreon.com/commuterbibleadmin@commuterbible.org
For over a decade Crop Circle Secrets has led the way in helping the public make an informed decision on the origin of crop circles. Its factual research has provided an antidote to deliberate falsification of the genuine phenomenon by skeptics, hoaxers and their allies in the media. Crop circles are scientifically proven to be manifestations of energy under intelligent guidance. Over 80 eyewitnesses describe them to be made by tubes of light in less than fifteen seconds, as proved by a Japanese camera crew in 1989. The evidence for crop circles as a genuine phenomenon is found in Freddy Silva's book Secrets In The Fields. Contrary to popular perception, crop circles are not a modern phenomenon. They were witnessed by policemen and farmers as far back as 1890, they exist in the folklore of South Africa and China, and are mentioned in 17th Century academic texts. Over eighty eyewitnesses have seen crop circles forming in under fifteen seconds. Around 1980 they re-appeared as simple circles and rings in southern England, where 75% of designs are reported. By the late 1980s they developed into pictograms, not unlike the petroglyphs found at sacred sites. After 1990 the designs developed exponentially in complexity, and today the crop glyphs display as fractals and elements expressing fourth dimensional processes in quantum physics. To quell the public's growing interest in crop circles, the British Military presented two individuals named Doug and Dave to the media via a fictitious press agency, as the makers of all crop circles. The majority of their claims were later proved to have been fabricated, but never reported in the media. So, what exactly lies behind real crop circles?Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-x-zone-radio-tv-show--1078348/support.Please note that all XZBN radio and/or television shows are Copyright © REL-MAR McConnell Meda Company, Niagara, Ontario, Canada – www.rel-mar.com. For more Episodes of this show and all shows produced, broadcasted and syndicated from REL-MAR McConell Media Company and The 'X' Zone Broadcast Network and the 'X' Zone TV Channell, visit www.xzbn.net. For programming, distribution, and syndication inquiries, email programming@xzbn.net.We are proud to announce the we have launched TWATNews.com, launched in August 2025.TWATNews.com is an independent online news platform dedicated to uncovering the truth about Donald Trump and his ongoing influence in politics, business, and society. Unlike mainstream outlets that often sanitize, soften, or ignore stories that challenge Trump and his allies, TWATNews digs deeper to deliver hard-hitting articles, investigative features, and sharp commentary that mainstream media won't touch.These are stories and articles that you will not read anywhere else.Our mission is simple: to expose corruption, lies, and authoritarian tendencies while giving voice to the perspectives and evidence that are often marginalized or buried by corporate-controlled media
Many people who swear they’re “gluten sensitive” — avoiding bread, pasta, and wheat products — may be misplacing the blame. A recent comprehensive review suggests that what most call gluten sensitivity isn’t actually triggered by gluten. Contrary to popular belief, people in carefully controlled studies reacted the same way to gluten, wheat or placebo — meaning their symptoms often had nothing to do with gluten itself. Instead, experts believe that issues stem from other wheat components or fermentable carbohydrates (FODMAPs), or even the power of expectation — the infamous “gut-brain connection.” In short: for many people, “going gluten-free” may be a needless dietary crusade. What feels like sensitivity could be a byproduct of gut-brain interactions — more akin to Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) than a gluten-triggered disorder. If you’ve cut gluten from your diet and still struggle — or feel fine but restrict wheat anyway — this episode might make you rethink the gluten-free hype. It's Cyber Monday! If you’re ready to take back control of your health, check out The Wellness Company. It's holding its biggest sale of the year. 20-25% off all your favorite products from Rx to Supplements, Prescription Medication Emergency Kits, Parasite Detox and more at https://TWC.Health/Grant. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
In this episode of The Frequency Podcast, the Dr. Shalane Carter shares their personal journey of obtaining a PhD in natural medicine. Contrary to popular belief, the degree alone did not provide the confidence or professional identity they sought. She discusses the importance of doing the actual work and facing internal fears over merely accumulating certifications. The episode also explores their initial career in the cosmetology world, where they discovered their gift for energy healing, and how that intersected with their natural medicine studies. She emphasizes working on self-belief and emotional health through somatic practices, spinal energetics, and more. The takeaway message: true confidence and professional success come from internal work rather than external validations.00:00 Introduction and Purpose of the Podcast01:12 Journey into Entrepreneurship and Natural Medicine01:46 Discovering Energy Healing04:25 Transitioning from Cosmetology to Energy Healing05:57 The Importance of Confidence Over Certification10:41 Integrating Somatic Practices and Holistic Health18:45 Experimenting with Content and Facing Criticism23:25 Final Thoughts and EncouragementAscension Manual: A 90 Day Guide to a Higher Vibrational Living on Amazon:https://amzn.to/3tUwOm1Take the "Which Chakra is Your Super Power in Business?" Quiz:https://chakraquiz.shalanec.com/quizBook a session with Dr.Shalane Carter:https://spinalenergetics.shalanec.com/inperson-spinal-energetic-session418043
In the world of back rehabilitation, the Roman Chair (or back extension machine) is often hailed as a must-have piece of equipment. However, for those recovering from L4/L5 or L5/S1 disc herniations and sciatica, this machine can often introduce unnecessary complexity, cost, and risk compared to the humble hip hinge. In this session, we break down exactly why the standing hip hinge is often superior for building spinal stability and posterior chain strength without the hassle of setup or the biomechanical restrictions of locking your knees in a machine.We also dive deep into a critical Q&A session covering the mechanics of movement during recovery. This includes why the "Asian Squat" or deep squatting allows lumbar flexion (butt wink) that can derail progress , and why walking uphill is generally discouraged during the rehabilitation phase due to the forward lean it necessitates. We emphasise that rehabilitation is essentially weight training—learning to tolerate load through a neutral spine to build resilience over time.Finally, we address a controversial topic: can you strengthen a spinal disc? Contrary to some claims, the answer is a resounding yes. Through the process of progressive adaptation and healing, tissues that once failed under load can recover to bear significant weight again. We explain the physiology behind this and how consistent, aggravation-free training is the key to turning a vulnerable back into a robust one.
8/8. Roosevelt's Landslide and the Realignment of American Politics — David Pietrusza — Contrary to the Literary Digest straw poll prediction of a close race, early returns confirmed Roosevelt's enormous landslide victory, securing 46 states and overwhelming electoral dominance. The victory produced 74 Democratic senators and 334 Democratic house members, establishing commanding majorities in both chambers. This comprehensive electoral sweep cemented the realignment of American politics, as Roosevelt carried 104 out of 106 major cities, solidifying the Democratic Party'sinstitutional strength in urban centers and establishing durable electoral coalitions. 1936 POLAND
Have you ever pondered who invented the beloved pumpkin pie? Contrary to what one might think, this iconic dessert wasn't the creation of a single individual. Instead, its rich history spans continents and centuries, weaving together the culinary traditions of Native Americans and European settlers. Let's delve into the fascinating tale of how pumpkin pie became a staple on our holiday tables. No food is as closely associated with autumn in the United States as the pumpkin. As the leaves turn and the air grows crisp, we eagerly embrace pumpkin-flavored everything. There's the now-essential pumpkin spice latte, pumpkin bread, muffins, cookies, soups, and even pumpkin-infused pastas and beers. Yet among all these seasonal delights, one stands out as the most cherished and time-honored: the pumpkin pie. This quintessential holiday dessert graces tables at both Thanksgiving and Christmas celebrations. With its smooth, spiced filling nestled in a flaky crust and topped with a dollop of whipped cream, pumpkin pie holds a place of honor alongside the turkey itself. But did you know that the pumpkin's journey to becoming a pie has deep roots in American soil? Podcast Notes: https://ancestralfindings.com/genefoods-the-pumpkin-pie/ Ancestral Findings Podcast: https://ancestralfindings.com/podcast This Week's Free Genealogy Lookups: https://ancestralfindings.com/lookups Genealogy Giveaway: https://ancestralfindings.com/giveaway Genealogy eBooks: https://ancestralfindings.com/ebooks Follow Along: https://www.facebook.com/AncestralFindings https://www.instagram.com/ancestralfindings https://www.youtube.com/ancestralfindings Support Ancestral Findings: https://ancestralfindings.com/support https://ancestralfindings.com/paypal #Genealogy #AncestralFindings #GenealogyClips
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Esteemed listeners, this episode delves into the multifaceted themes surrounding Thanksgiving, particularly reflecting on the historical distortions associated with America's foundational narratives. We explore the implications of these narratives, contrasting the theocratic origins of early settlements with the more recent evolution towards a constitutionally limited republic. Our discourse extends to significant advancements in human progress, including the elimination of measles and rubella in Cabo Verde, and the transformative potential of innovation in repurposing waste into valuable resources. Furthermore, we critically examine the often misconstrued narrative surrounding capitalism, which, contrary to popular belief, has fostered unprecedented wealth and resource availability over the past two centuries. Join us as we navigate these topics, offering insights that underscore the importance of recognizing historical truths and contemporary achievements in the spirit of Thanksgiving.This episode of the Secular Foxhole podcast offers an incisive analysis of the intersections between philosophy, economics, and contemporary social issues, as articulated by hosts Blair and Martin. Central to the discussion is the concept of human progress, particularly in the context of capitalism's role in fostering innovation and improving living standards. The hosts dissect articles from Human Progress that reveal a world that is, against popular belief, richer and more resource-abundant than ever before, attributing this trend to the principles of capitalism that drive technological advancements. The episode also features a critical examination of the cultural landscape, influenced heavily by philosophical ideas stemming from the Enlightenment. Blair and Martin highlight the necessity of a systemic philosophical approach to combat the prevailing moral narratives that advocate for self-sacrifice at the expense of individual flourishing. In this vein, they reference lectures from the Ayn Rand Institute which delve into the philosophical void that has contributed to our current cultural malaise. Ultimately, the episode serves as both a reminder of the remarkable strides humanity has made and a call to action for listeners to support the podcast and the ideologies that promote progress and enlightenment.Takeaways: In this episode, we explore the historical distortions surrounding America's founding, emphasizing the distinction between the theocracy established by early settlers and the later constitutional republic. We discuss the significant advancements in human progress, highlighting how innovation has transformed waste into wealth, benefitting society at large. Contrary to pervasive pessimism, the podcast elucidates how the world has become increasingly richer and resourceful over the past two centuries, primarily due to capitalism. We address the misconceptions propagated by media, particularly regarding natural disasters, and underscore the declining death tolls as societies advance economically. The episode emphasizes the importance of philosophical foundations in shaping cultural landscapes, particularly in the context of altruism versus egoism. We conclude by acknowledging the contributions of the Ayn Rand Institute in fostering intellectual discourse, particularly regarding the Enlightenment and its contemporary implications. Show notes with links to articles, blog posts, products and services:History of the first Thanksgiving - Berkeley PlantationThe Thanksgiving before the 'first' Thanksgiving - National Geographic
What's the secret to a long, healthy life? Join us for a live conversation with longevity expert Ken Stern, who will discuss the research that went into his new book Healthy to 100. Contrary to popular belief, the secret to living longer is not just about eating well, exercising, or getting regular checkups. Instead, successful aging depends on the nature of your relationships and your social connections. If you want to live a healthy and rewarding life, Stern says, you need to start with social health. In Healthy to 100, Stern goes on a journey to some of the longest-lived countries in the world—Singapore, Japan, South Korea, Italy, and Spain—places that have achieved great advances in longevity by intentionally strengthening social connections. Science shows that physical and mental health outcomes are all improved by the intergenerational connectedness, sense of purpose, and respect enjoyed by older people in these countries. Their example offers a personal and societal guide for how people can improve the second half of their lives. Stern will weave in surprising, colorful stories from around the world, arguing that the key to healthy longevity involves a mindset shift and purposeful building of social connections. About the Speakers Ken Stern is a nationally recognized expert on longevity and aging. He is the founder of the Longevity Project and hosts the popular “Century Lives” podcast from the Stanford Center on Longevity. Stern is a best-selling author and has been a frequent contributor to a wide variety of publications, including Vanity Fair, The Atlantic, and Slate. He is also the former CEO of NPR. He lives in Washington, D.C. A Grownups Member-led Forum program. Forums at the Club are organized and run by volunteer programmers who are members of The Commonwealth Club, and they cover a diverse range of topics. Learn more about our Forums. OrganizerDenise Michaud Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
One of our all-time favorite, and most listened to episodes for current and digital nomads looking for their next destination. Contrary to many people's beliefs, becoming a digital nomad often makes your cost of living more affordable rather than more expensive. The reason being is that the majority of major digital nomad destinations have a relatively low cost of living. As a matter of fact, it's one of the biggest criteria when digital nomads choose their destinations. In this episode, Jeff, Marisa and Diego selected 9 awesome locations to live as a digital nomad. The criteria they used were: Cost of living under $2k per month, including rent. A digital nomad presence/community. Reasonably safe. Strong internet. Easy to navigate/travel to the destination. Need help finding a remote job that lets you become a digital nomad? We help people like you find legitimate remote jobs every day! Join our email list and get remote jobs sent directly to your inbox. https://beachcommute.com/email/
Hello everyone, a big thanks to all of you who joined the patreon and voted for this to be the next episode, you all are awesome. This is a part 2 about Hirohito's responsibility during the wars of 1931-1945, so if you have not heard part 1, perhaps go do so, or maybe you just don't care about 1931-1940 and just want to hear about the 1941-1945 period, hell by all means enjoy. So last time we kind of left it on a bit of a dramatic cliff hanger. I spoke about Emperor Hirohito's involvement in what was called at the time the “China Incident”. It was not an official declared war until December of 1941. We left off in 1940, Hirohito was struggling with a situation of juggling two things: 1) how the hell to finally end the China War 2) how to do it without receiving horrible ramifications from the international world. On July 22nd of 1940, Konoe was back and formed a second cabinet. Notably General Hideki Tojo went from vice to army Minister during this time. If you guys ever want a podcast on Hideki Tojo, let me know, he is one rather bizarre figure that's for sure. Konoe tackled his job by holding an imperial HQ government liaison conference. For 90 minutes everyone worked on a new national policy designed to exploit the international situation, IE: Germany bulldozing europe. The result was a document on national policy dated July 27th. It shifted focus to the “southern area” IE: southeast asia and the Pacific if the China war did not end quickly. Its basis was to exploit the foreign nations that had their hands full in europe, France, Britain and the Netherlands. It called for an invasion of French Indochina to establish bases to launch assaults against the Dutch East Indies for natural resources if diplomatic means failed. It acknowledged if the Dutch East Indies were seized through military means, Japan would also seek to fight Britain, but not the US, instead Japan would prepare for a possible war with the Americans. To all of this Hirohito approved. The army also kept pressuring its desire to ally with Germany. Throughout 1939-1940 Hirohito rejected this idea, not because of any ideological differences, it was because of Germans anti aggression pact with the USSR. If Japan were to ally to Germany, Hirohito wanted it to be mutually to fight the USSR. The Navy likewise opposed allying to Germany because they believed it would force Britain and the US to increase their aid to Chiang Kai-shek. However the Blitzkrieg changed everything. Everyone was shocked at how well Germany was doing. Prince Chichibu repeatedly argued with Hirohito to change his mind over the alliance idea. Then suddenly the Navy changed their mind and began favoring an alliance. This changed came about in June of 1940 when the France fell. The Navy changed their mind based on a few factors, a major component was the belief if Germany and the USSR were allied, than at least Japan would not have to worry about the USSR and could focus on the pacific. Both the IJA and the IJN believed Hitler would soon take Britain and thus there was a huge desire to join the new international order on the winning side. A third factor was a new clause in negotiations with Germany and Japan, that if they allied Japan would not automatically be drawn into a war with Britain against her will. Some in the navy also believed perhaps Germany could help their diplomatic situation with the Americans. So the army and navy were now both demanding an alliance with Germany, it was all up to hirohito. At an imperial briefing on June 19th of 1940, Hirohito asked chief of staff Prince Kan'in and the Army Minister Hata “At a time when peace will soon come in the European situation, will there be a deployment of troops to the Netherlands Indies and French Indochina?” Such as question revealed Hirohito's perception at the time that Germany was on the verge of victory and that he was gradually considering the deployment of troops in French Indochina and the Dutch East Indies as neither parent nation were in a position to defend their holdings. In regards to the China war, the Japanese sought to end leaks of materials getting into China from places like Hong Kong. Hirohito received reports indicated Britain would not accept closing the movement of materials into China via Hong Kong. The military acknowledged it would probably be required to invade Hong Kong and thus declare war on Britain. Upon hearing of this Hirohito remarked “Should that happen, I am sure America will use the method of an embargo, don't you agree?” To this his lord of the privy seal, Kido reassured him stating “the nation must be fully resolved to resist to proceed cautiously and not to be dragged into events precipitated by the overseas agencies”. Konoe's second cabinet resolved to end the China war, construct a new order in greater east asia and to complete war preparations as a national defense state. On July 27th at a liaison conference a document was adopted, affirming a course of advancing to the south and to ally with Germany. Japan would incorporate the Dutch East Indies, British Malaya and other resource rich areas of Southeast Asia into its new order while simultaneously bolstering its relationship with the Axis states. After hearing and reading everything, Hirohito sanctioned it all. Thus Hirohito had sanctioned the preliminary actions that would set Japan into a collision course with the US. In September Japan began sending troops into northern French Indochina after concluding its Tripartite alliance with Germany and Italy. Now Hirohito was briefed beforehand by Army Minister Tojo and other chiefs of staff about securing bases in northern French indochina. Hirohito agreed to this under the belief acquiring such bases would stop more leaked materials going into China and thus contribute to the fall of Chongqing. But Hirohito also sanctioned it under the full knowledge it was preparing the Nanshin-ron advance and that carried a risk of going to war with Britain and by proxy the US. Naturally he wanted to thwart any war breaking out with the US by it seems his officials had convinced him they could manage most of their plans without aggravating the US. On July 29th with the German offensive aimed at finishing off Britain, Hirohito summoned his chiefs and vice chiefs of staff to the imperial HQ. He began to question the prospects of war with the US. Prince Fushimi replied “[u]nless we complete our domestic preparations, particularly the preparation of our material resources, I do not think we should lightly start war even if there is a good opportunity to do so.” Hirohito then asked if “the Army were planning to occupy points in India, Australia, and New Zealand.” But overall Hirohito seemed to be the most concerned about the US, Germany and the USSR. “Could Japan, obtain a victory in a naval battle with the United States as we once did in the Battle of the Japan Sea? . . . I heard that the United States will ban exports of oil and scrap iron [to Japan]. We can probably obtain oil from other sources, but don't you think we will have a problem with scrap iron?” In regards to the USSR “If a Japan-Soviet nonaggression treaty is made and we advance to the south, the navy will become the main actor. Has the army given thought to reducing the size of its forces in that case? . . . How do you assess the future national power of Germany? . . . Both Germany and the Soviet Union are untrustworthy countries. Don't you think there will be a problem if one of them betrays us and takes advantage of our exhaustion fighting the United States?I]t seems as though you people are thinking of implementing this plan by force because there is a good opportunity at this moment for resolving the southern problem even though some dangers are involved. . . . What does a good opportunity mean? [To this question Sawada replied: “For example, if a German landing in England commences.”] In that case wouldn't the United States move to aid Britain? . . . Well, I've heard enough. I take it, in short, that you people are trying to resolve the southern problem by availing yourselves of today's good opportunities.” You can tell Hirohito understood the very real threat of an Anglo-American alliance and was very cautious. It seemed to Hirohito, that his officials were trying to take the limelight off the abysmal situation in China but emphasizing a southern advance. Well Americans response to the Japanese movement into northern French indochina was to see it as a direct threat. Something I have not paid much attention to was Hirohito's decision making being the direct result of trying to mediate between competing entities, ie: the IJA and IJN. At this point in time the IJA and IJN top officials had the power to simply stop governmental functions from occurring altogether whenever they were displeased with a decision. As you can imagine the IJA and IJN were also competing for resources and political power. Thus Hirohito spent a lot of time and effort trying to formulate decisions that at a minimum kept the governance going. In the end Hirohito sanctioned Imperial HQ army order number 458, ordering the area army to begin the entry into French Indochina. Thus once again Hirohito sanctioned aggression aboard. America began what it called a “moral embargo” on aircraft parts, scrap iron and aviation gasoline. This was one of many gradual steps America took to incrementally sanction Japan, while aiding China to keep it bogged down. Japan's direct response was joining the Axis with a clause “to assist one another with all political, economic and military means if attacked by a power at present not involved in the European War or in the Sino-Japanese conflict”. This clause was designed specifically to check Britain and the US. Hirohito knew this was a turning point carrying the possibility of war with the US. Later he would blame some officials and even his brothers Chichibu and Takamatsu, but not his own actions sanctioning the Axis pact. Speaking of his brothers, at this time Chichibu got severely ill with tuberculosis and as a result retired from active public life, now Prince Takamatsu stood as next regent. Thus Takamatsu would begin reading reports and advise Hirohito. Takamatsu like Chichibu approved the Tripartite Pact and found his brother Hirohito's performance lacking. Meanwhile Britain responded to the Tripartite pact by opening up the Burma road and America made a loan to Chiang Kai-shek. The Soviets came to Japan for a neutrality pact and sweetened the deal by offering Soviet coal and oil concessions in North Sakhalin. Hirohito ratified the treaty on April 25th of 1941. 5 weeks later on June 5th, the Japanese ambassador to Berlin, General Oshima Hiroshi reported to Hirohito and the high command that Hitler was about to invade the Soviets. The Army high command sprang into action drafting plans to open a war with the Soviets while simultaneously advancing south into French Indochina. But many in the military also sought to wait until the time was ripe, and a rift emerged. Operation barbarossa commenced and on June 23rd the IJN high command gave their opinion that Japan should seize all military bases and airfields in southern French Indochina even at the risk of war with Britain and America. Can you say boy that escalated quickly? There was obvious temptation to invade Siberia towards Lake Baikal, but at the same time the western powers were tightening sanctions on Japan, she needed resources. At this point Japan had been stuck in China for 4 years and 5 months, the army had expanded from 17 divisions totalling 250,000 men in july of 1937 to 51 divisions at 2.1 million men in December 8th of 1941. On July 2nd, 10 tens into Operation barbarossa, Konoe summoned an imperial conference to debate actions going forward. The consensus was that southern French Indochina needed to be taken and that it probably would not provoke the US going to war with Japan. Hirohito sanctioned it and on July 30th made a major operational intervention by advising General Sugiyama to build up forces in Manchukuo to prevent the Soviet Far Eastern Army. Japan negotiated with Vichy France to allow Japanese troops to occupy southern parts of French Indochina. What was to be originally just 40,000 IJA forces turned into 185,000 and in response America increased sanctions and began preparing the Philippines for war. Roosevelt froze Japanese assets in the US on July 26th and by August the 1st a total embargo of oil and gasoline exports to Japan. Konoe's cabinet, the military high command, pretty much everyone was shocked by how harsh the economic sanctions were. Emperor Hirohito told Sugiyama to halt mobilizing forces in Manchukuo and the army basically dropped all plans of attacking the USSR. A month after the US oil embargo suddenly the army had changed its mind to go all in on the southern advance. Britain likewise began sanctions against Japan and both Britain and the US managed to convince the Dutch to follow suit by refusing to sell oil to Japan. The Dutch even took it a step further and followed Americans lead in freezing Japanese assets. Konoe was in full panic mode, be believed his ambassador to washington was a moron and sought to go in person to speak to Roosevelt. At 11:40am on August 4th Konoe spoke to Hirohito about the plan, but Washington kept making up excuses prolonging any meeting from taking place. Meanwhile Washington was building up its navy, and the IJN were stressing, in the words of Admiral Takagai “As time passes and this situation continues, our empire will either be totally defeated or forced to fight a hopeless war. Therefore we should pursue war and diplomacy together. If there is no prospect of securing our final line of national survival by diplomatic negotiations, we must be resolved to fight.” Hirohito understood the predicament full well, that each day Japan was wasting its oil reserves, if they were to strike it had to be quickly. On september 3rd at a liaison conference it was decided Japan was to prepare for a war against the US, UK and Netherlands while simultaneously pursuing diplomacy. If diplomacy failed by early October the decision for war would be made. Konoe presented everything to Hirohito on September 5th and requested an imperial conference on the matter. The most important decision of his life was about to be made. Now take a second to feel the moment. Germany's invasion of the USSR was in its 6th week and not producing a decisive victory; Britain was still in the fight and the Japanese ambassador to London reported back Britain would allow Japan to maintain its great power status and exert influence in asia if they stayed out of the European War and “re-examined their current policy”. An olive branch. Hirohito had options is what I am arguing. He could stale things, he could mobilize units into Manchukuo to simply threaten the Soviet border, he could simply stay out of new wars, even it the China war would get worse, but try to profit from the situation in Europe. He could stop the southern advance, lose the chance to seize the resource in southeast asia, but perhaps the US, UK and Netherlands would lift some sanctions. After speaking back and forth with Konoe while scolding Sugiyama here is a bit of their conversation: Emperor: In the event we must finally open hostilities, will our operations have a probability of victory? Sugiyama: Yes, they will. Emperor: At the time of the China Incident, the army told me that we could achieve peace immediately after dealing them one blow with three divisions. Sugiyama, you were army minister at that time. . . . Sugiyama: China is a vast area with many ways in and many ways out, and we met unexpectedly big difficulties. . . . [ellipses in original] Emperor: Didn't I caution you each time about those matters? Sugiyama, are you lying to me? Nagano: If Your Majesty will grant me permission, I would like to make a statement. Emperor: Go ahead. Nagano: There is no 100 percent probability of victory for the troops stationed there. . . . Sun Tzu says that in war between states of similar strength, it is very difficult to calculate victory. Assume, however, there is a sick person and we leave him alone; he will definitely die. But if the doctor's diagnosis offers a seventy percent chance of survival, provided the patient is operated on, then don't you think one must try surgery? And if, after the surgery, the patient dies, one must say that was meant to be. This indeed is the situation we face today. . . . If we waste time, let the days pass, and are forced to fight after it it is too late to fight, then we won't be able to do a thing about it. Emperor: All right, I understand. [He answered in a better mood.] Konoe: Shall I make changes in tomorrow's agenda? How would you like me to go about it? Emperor: There is no need to change anything. There is no need to change anything. Konoe grabbed Hirohito for a private audience afterwards and tried to get Hirohito to revise the outline, but Hirohito ignored this. Hirohito at that point could have stopped or at least slowed down the countdown to all out war. Hirohito instead did not want to displease the pro-war factions in his military, perhaps he saw them as a threat to his authority. Hirohito was not at all pleased with the policy plan. When he was shown in on september 5th, he looked extremely irritated and blew up on Sugiyama and the army high command as a whole. 20 minutes before the Imperial conference on September 6th, Hirohito spoke with his lord of the privy Kido and told him he was going to raise some questions at the meeting. Kido told him that it would be best to leave the questions at the very end, basically he was advising to allow for things to go through. Thus Hirohito sat through the meeting and sanction the preparations for war. Here is a conversation between Hirohito and the Chiefs of the general staff: Emperor: You may go ahead and mobilize. But if the Konoe-Roosevelt talks go well, you'll stop, won't you? Chief of the General Staff: Indeed, your majesty, we will. Emperor: I will ask you one more time: Is there any possibility that the north [that is, the Soviet Union] may move against us while we are engaged in the south [emphasis added]? Chief of the General Staff: I cannot say that will absolutely not occur. However, because of the season it is inconceivable that large forces will be able to attack us Meanwhile Konoe's deadline to reach a diplomatic resolution with the US was fast approaching. On October 13th Hirohito told Kido “In the present situation there seems to be little hope for the Japan–U.S. negotiations. If hostilities erupt this time, I think I may have to issue a declaration of war.” The next day Konoe held his last cabinet meeting and Army minister Tojo took the lionshare of talking: For the past six months, ever since April, the foreign minister has made painstaking efforts to adjust relations [with the United States.] Although I respect him for that, we remain deadlocked. . . . Our decision was “to start the war . . . if by early October we cannot thoroughly achieve our demands through negotiations.” Today is the fourteenth. . . . We are mobilizing hundreds of thousands of soldiers. Others are being moved from China and Manchuria, and we have requisitioned two million tons of ships, causing difficulties for many people. As I speak ships are en route to their destinations. I would not mind stopping them, and indeed would have to stop them, if there was a way for a diplomatic breakthrough. . . . The heart of the matter is the [imposition on us of] withdrawal [from Indochina and China]. ...If we yield to America's demands, it will destroy the fruits of the China Incident. Manchukuo will be endangered and our control of Korea undermined And so Konoe resigned two days later, but before he did his last official action was to recommend Prince Higashikuni to succeed him, in fact he got Tojo to do the same. Prince Higashikuni was deemed capable of controlling both the Army and Navy. And what did Hirohito say to this? He said no, and appointed Hideki Tojo. Why? As going back to the beginning of this series, to protect the Kokutai. He did not want a member of the royal family to hold the seat as Prime Minister during a time when war might be declared, a war that Japan might lose, which would toss the responsibility onto the imperial house. It was a threat to the Kokutai. Hirohito chose Tojo because Tojo was 100% loyal subject to the emperor. Tojo was the perfect fall guy if one ever existed. Between November 8-15th, Hirohito received a full rundown of the Pearl Harbor surprise attack plan and sanctioned it. The deadline to reach a diplomatic solution with the US was set for midnight December 1st. Hirohito ever since the Mukden Incident had expressed fear that not taking warlike actions, not pumping up the kokutai or not suppressing dissent would jeopardize the imperial system of government and damage the imperial institution itself. For Hirohito domestic conflicts were more dangerous than external ones, because they carried the risk of eroding the monarchy. As the time approached for his finally decision on declaring war, Hirohito requested a last round of discussion. The carriers enroute to Pearl harbor departed on november 27th, while on December 1st, 19 leaders, the entire Tojo cabinet and Emperor met. Tojo pulled a rather cheeky maneuver, he reported the response from America, the famous Hull note by stating “the United States . . . has demanded that we withdraw troops from all of China [emphasis added],” but in fact, Hull had used only the word “China.” Hara asked “I would like to know,whether Manchukuo is included in the term ‘China'? Did our two ambassadors confirm this point?” Togo's reply to this was “However . . . the American proposal [early in the negotiations on] April 16 stated that they would recognize the state of Manchukuo, so Manchukuo would not be part of China. . . . On the other hand . . . there has been a change in their position . . . they look upon Chungking as the one and only legitimate regime, and . . . they want to destroy the Nanking regime, [so] they may retract what they have said previously” A nonsensical gibberish answer, intentionally done to make everyone think America did in fact include Manchukuo, thus forcing everyone to see the demands as impossible to comply with. Togo finished the meeting : “Once His Majesty decides to commence hostilities, we will all strive to meet our obligations to him, bring the government and the military ever closer together, resolve that the nation united will go on to victory, make an all-out effort to achieve our war aims, and set his majesty's mind at ease. I now adjourn the meeting.” Hirohito simply nodded. Sugiyama remarked that the emperor did not show the slightest sign of anxiety, in fact he looked like he was in a good mood. Hirohito's naval aid Jo Eiichiro wrote minutes on the first day of the pacific war, recording the emperors actions. 4 A.M. (Japan time): Japan issued a final ultimatum to the United States. 3:30 A.M.: the Hawaiian surprise attack was successful. 5:30 A.M.: Singapore bombed. Great results. Air attacks on Davao, Guam, Wake. 7:10 A.M.: All the above was reported to the emperor. The American gunboat Wake was captured on the Shanghai front. The British gunboat Petrel was sunk. From 7:15 to 7:30 the chief of the Navy General Staff reported on the war situation. At 7:30 the prime minister informally reported to the emperor on the imperial rescript declaring war. (Cabinet meeting from 7 A.M.). At 7:35 the chief of the Army General Staff reported on the war situation. At 10:45 the emperor attended an emergency meeting of the privy council. At 11:00 A.M. the imperial rescript declaring war was promulgated. 11:40 A.M. Hirohito conferred with Kido for about twenty minutes.] At 2:00 P.M. the emperor summoned the army and navy ministers and bestowed an imperial rescript on them. The army minister, representing both services, replied to the emperor. [At 3:05 P.M. the emperor had a second meeting with Kido, lasting for about twenty minutes.] At 4:30 P.M. the chiefs of staff formally reported on the draft of the Tripartite (Germany-Italy-Japan) Military Pact. At 8:30 P.M. the chief of the Navy General Staff reported on the achievements of the Hawaii air attack. . . . Throughout the day the emperor wore his naval uniform and seemed to be in a splendid mood. Hirohito believed Germany would win, thus if with their help he believed Japan could thwart off the US until a negotiated peace. Having made his choice, Hirohito devoted himself to presiding over and guiding the war to victory at all costs. He was a extremely cautious person, every single campaign he looked for what could go wrong, made worse case scenario predictions and was very suspicious of reports from his high officials. He was notably very harsh and critical on said high commanders. Although he did not visit the war theaters as did other commanders in chief, he exercised and controlled influence on theater operations, both in the planning and execution whenever he chose to do so. As was the same case with the China war before it, he issued the highest military orders of the Imperial HQ, performed audited conferences and led to decisions transmitted in his name. He received generals and admirals to the imperial palace who gave full reports of the battlefront. He visited bases, battleships, various army and naval headquarters. He inspected military schools, you know the full shebang. After 26 months of war, the naval air force had lost 26,006 aircraft, nearly a third of its total power, thousands of veteran pilots were dead. Hundreds of thousands of tons of warship was sunk, the merchant and transport fleet was crippled. Late 1943 saw the Americans turning the initiative of the war, Japan was on the defensive. Guadalcanal had been the major turning point. During the staled battle for the philippines, Hirohito pressed upon Army chief of staff Sugiyama to increase troop strength to knock out Bataan. The problem persisted, on February 9th and 26th Hirohito pressed Sugiyama again about getting more troops to take Bataan. Hirohito was confronted with the prisoner of war issue after the doolittle raid. When the pilots were caught, Togo initially opposed executions, but many in the IJA sought all 8 men executed. Hirohito chose to intervene and commuted the execution of 5 out of the 8. Why just 5, no one knows to this day, but its theorized it was to demonstrate his benevolence while simultaneously giving a bit of what the army wanted. The CBI theater took the lionshare of his attention in 1942, he continuously pressed up Sugiyama when a final blow would be delivered against Chongqing. When the Midway disaster occurred, Hirohito was given a full report of what happened, but he chose to hid the extent of the loss from the IJA. In fact in response to the Guadalcanal campaign he was heard once asking “I wonder if this is not the start of the AmericanBritish counteroffensive?” He urged his commanders to increase offensive activities and to toss all weapons possible at the enemy, because Japan needed more time to secure its reserves of vital oil, rubber and iron. When he heard the first report of the Ichiki detachment being wiped out, he simply stated “I am sure it [Guadalcanal] can be held.” With numerous reports pouring in about the men dying from tropical disease and starvation, Hirohito kept demanding greater efforts from them. Hirohito continuously applied pressure on his naval and land commanders to recapture the island. On September 15th, November 5th and November 11th he called for more IJA troops and aircraft to be allocated to it. Sugiyama was nervous about sending more IJA pilots as they were inexperienced in transoceanic combat and he sought to reinforce the north china army to hit Chongqing. Hirohito demanded it a second time and Sugiyama replied the IJA had deployed its air power instead to New Guinea and Rabaul. Hirohito continuously hammered the issue despite the high level commanders disagreeing with it. By late november it was clear guadalcanal was a lost cause. At an imperial HQ conference on December 31st of 1942, the chiefs of staff reported they would cancel the attempts to recapture guadalcanal. Hirohito sanctioned it but stated “It is unacceptable to just give up on capturing Guadalcanal. We must launch an offensive elsewhere.” Hirohito forced the issue and it was decided the new strategic points would be in the solomons north of New Georgia and the Stanley range on New Guinea. Hirohito in fact threatened not to authorize the withdrawal of men from Guadalcanal until such a plan was made. Hirohito would go on to oppose the withdrawal from the Munda airfield on New Georgia since it contradicted the new defensive line. As the defensive perimeter in the central and northern solomons was crumbling, Hirohito continued to demand the navy fight decisive battles to regain the initiative so ships could begin transports supplies to the countless soldiers trapped on islands without them. When Hirohito heard of the navy's failure to reinforce Lae on March 3rd he stated “Then why didn't you change plans immediately and land at Madan? This is a failure, but it can teach us a good lesson and become a source of future success. Do this for me so I can have peace of mind for awhile.” “Do this for me” would become his signature message. In August of 1943 as the fall of the solomons progressed, Hirohito lambasted “Isn't there someplace where we can strike the United States? . . . When and where on earth are you [people] ever going to put up a good fight? And when are you ever going to fight a decisive battle?Well, this time, after suffering all these defeats, why don't you study how not to let the Americans keep saying ‘We won! We won!'[emphasis added]”” Hirohito berated his chiefs of staff and in the face of mounting defeats he remained undismayed, rigidly self disciplined and aggressive as ever. When he received a report on September 21st of 1943 that the allies were heading for Finschhafen he replied “Being ready to defend isn't enough. We have to do the attacking.” When the Americans destroyed the main naval anchorage at Truk forcing the navy to evacuate it, leaving behind numerous tanks, the dream of fighting one great decisive naval battle in the central pacific was over. On February 21st of 1944, Hirohito took the unprecedented action to force Sugiyama to resign so Tojo could assume his position, alongside that of army minister and prime minister. He did this to end dissent. Hirohito and Tojo oversaw the haymaker attempts in 1944, like operation Ichi-go and the Imphal campaign fall into ruins. It looked like the Philippines, Taiwan, Okinawa, the Bonin islands and eventually the home islands would be invaded. When Saipan fell, the home islands had at last come into range of the dreaded B-29 Super flying fortresses. Hirohito had warned Tojo “If we ever lose Saipan, repeated air attacks on Tokyo will follow. No matter what it takes, we have to hold there.” For two days his chiefs of staff explained the dire situation on Saipan was hopeless, but Hirohito ignored their advice and ordered Admiral Shimada to recapture it, the first department of the navy general staff immediately poured themselves into the problem. Day and night they worked, until a draft plan was created on June 21st, 3 days later the combined fleet gave opposition. Tojo and Shimada formally reported to Hirohito the recapture plan needed to be canceled. Hirohito refused to accept the loss of Saipan and ordered his chief aide General Hasunuma to convene in his presence the board of field marshals and fleet admirals. They all met on the 25th, upon which they all unanimously stated the reports indicating Saipan was a lost cause were valid, Hirohito simply told them to put it in writing and he left the room. Hirohito finally decided to withdraw his support of Tojo, allowing Tojo's numerous enemies to take down his cabinet on July 18th 1944. But Hirohito was undaunted in determination to steal victory from the allies. Imperial HQ on October 18th ordered a decisive naval battle and the battle of Leyte Gulf was it. After the war Hirohito would go on the record stating “Contrary to the views of the Army and Navy General Staffs, I agreed to the showdown battle of Leyte thinking that if we attacked at Leyte and America flinched, then we would probably be able to find room to negotiate.” This statement shows the facts as they were, Hirohito and his chiefs of staff forced the field commander, General Tomoyuki Yamashita to engage the American invasion force in a place Yamashita did not want to fight nor prepared adequate defenses. It was a horrible loss. The Kamikaze attacks increased as Japan's desperation wore on. On new years day of 1945 Hirohito inspected the special last meal rations given to departing kamikaze units. Iwo Jima fell. Okinawa remained, and Hirohito lashed out “Is it because we failed to sink enemy transports that we've let the enemy get ashore? Isn't there any way to defend Okinawa from the landing enemy forces?” On the second day of Okinawa's invasion Hirohito ordered a counter landing by the 32nd army and urged the navy to counterattack in every way possible. It was a horrible failure, it cost the lives of up to 120,000 Japanese combatants, 170,000 noncombatants. The Americans lost 12,500 killed and 33,000 wounded. An absolute bloodbath. Konoe re-entered the stage writing to Hirohito pleading with him to order a surrender because from his perspective “The Soviet Union is Japan's biggest threat. Defeat was inevitable, but more to be feared than defeat was the destruction of the Kokutai. Sue quickly for peace, before a Communist revolution occurred that would make preservation of the kokutai impossible”. Hirohito was taken aback by this, as he shared his military's hope that the Soviets would help Japan reach a peace settlement. So he rejected the advice of Konoe. Hirohito remarked “If we hold out long enough in this war, we may be able to win, but what worries me is whether the nation will be able to endure it until then.” Then Japan's intelligence units reported the Soviets were going to break the neutrality pact and join the war once the Germans were done. Meanwhile Tokyo was turned to rubble on March 9th 1945 by 334 B-29's dropping firebombs, 40% of the capital was destroyed, up to 100,000 were dead. Hirohito remained undaunted. 60 Japanese cities were leveled by firebomb campaigns. Europe's war finished. Then the battle for Okinawa was lost, suddenly Hirohito began looking for ways to end the war. On June 22nd Hirohito personally informed the supreme war leadership council his desire to see diplomatic maneuvers to end the war. A special envoy was sent to Moscow, while Hirohito publicly issued an imperial rescript ordering the nation “to smash the inordinate ambitions of the enemy nations and achieve the goals of the war”. B-29's began dropping leaflets with joint declarations issued by the US, UK and China requesting the citizens of Japan demand their government surrender. Prefectural governors, police chiefs and officers began submitting home ministry reports on the rapid deterioration of the nations spirit. Germany signed the unconditional surrender documents on May 7th and 8th of 1945, Japan was alone. Newly installed President Truman declared on May 8th, Japan's surrender would not mean the extermination or enslavement of the Japanese people, but the unconditional surrender principles remained unaltered. The Japanese meanwhile were awaiting word from the Soviets. The Americans unleashed their first atomic bomb on Hiroshima on August 6th of 1945 killing up to 140,000 people. Then on August 8th the Soviet Union declared war on Japan and began an invasion of Manchuria. On August 9th the second atomic bomb hit Nagasaki killing around 40,000 people. Thus began the surrender clock as I like to say. After the first atomic bomb, Hirohito said and did nothing about the surrender terms. Hirohito then authorized Togo to notify the world on August 10th that Japan would accept the allied terms of surrender with one condition “that the said declaration does not comprise any demand which prejudices the prerogatives of His Majesty as a Sovereign Ruler.” The next day, Secretary of State Byrnes replied by alluding to the subordination of the emperors authority to the supreme commander of the allied powers. It was ambiguous as hell. The Japanese leaders erupted into arguments, and on August 14th, Hirohito went before a microphone and recorded his capitulation announcement which aired on August 15th to all in Japan, they surrendered. Why did it take so long? The peace talks between the Japanese and Soviets went on through June, July and early August. Japan offered the Soviets limited territorial concessions and they refused to accept the envoy on July 22nd because the Japanese were being too ambiguous in their terms. There was continuous back and forth between the intelligence of Moscow and Japan trying to figure out the stance of the other, but then Stalin heard about the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, he was shocked and ordered an invasion of Manchuria in response. In the meantime the Japanese were tossing all sorts of concessions at Moscow, they stated they would allow Japanese to be used as forced laborers in Siberia, a form of reparation as it were, that they would demobilize the military and so on. The response was the invasion of Manchuria. Hirohito knew prior to the bombing of Hiroshima that the cabinet was divided on accepting the Potsdam terms. Hirohito also knew he and he alone could unify governmental affairs and military command. Why then did he wait until the evening of August 9th to surrender? The reality of the matter is its complicated, numerous variables at play, but let me try to pick at it. The people of japan under the firebomb campaigns were becoming hostile towards the military, the government and many began to criticize the emperor. Hirohito was given reports from the Home Ministry from governors and police chiefs all over Japan revealing people were speaking of the emperor as an incompetent leader who was responsible for worsening the war situation. Does that sound like a threat to the Kokutai? People were starving en masse, the atomic bomb is flashy, but what really was killing the Japanese, it was starvation. The home islands were blockaded and the sea approaches mined as pertaining to the optimally named “operation starvation”. Hirohito knew full well how bad his people were suffering but he did not surrender for so long. After Hiroshima was bombed, Hirohito delayed for 2 days before telling Kido at 10am on August 9th “quickly control the situation, the Soviet Union has declared war and today began hostilities against us”. Now here is a piece of Hirohito's surrender proclamation to the citizens of Japan “Moreover, the enemy has begun to employ a new and most cruel bomb, the power of which to do damage is, indeed, incalculable, taking the toll of many innocent lives. Should we continue to fight, not only would it result in an ultimate collapse and obliteration of the Japanese nation, but also it would lead to the total extinction of human civilization. Such being the case, how are We to save the millions of Our subjects, or to atone Ourselves before the hallowed spirits of Our Imperial Ancestors? This is the reason why We have ordered the acceptance of the provisions of the Joint Declaration of the Powers... The hardships and sufferings to which Our nation is to be subjected hereafter will be certainly great. We are keenly aware of the inmost feelings of all of you, Our subjects. However, it is according to the dictates of time and fate that We have resolved to pave the way for a grand peace for all the generations to come by enduring the unendurable and suffering what is unsufferable ”. Hirohito wanted to obfuscate the issue of accountability, to prevent expressions of strife and anger and to strengthen domestic unity around himself, to protect and raise the kokutai. Did you know there was a rescript of this proclamation that was made to the entire IJA and IJN? Yes Emperor Hirohito gave out two different proclamations for surrender, here is what the armed forces heard. “ Now that the Soviet Union has entered the war against us, to continue . . . under the present conditions at home and abroad would only recklessly incur even more damage to ourselves and result in endangering the very foundation of the empire's existence. Therefore, even though enormous fighting spirit still exists in the Imperial Navy and Army, I am going to make peace with the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union, as well as with Chungking, in order to maintain our glorious national polity”. The proclamation does not speak of the atomic weapons, but emphasizes the Soviet invasion of Manchuria. Hirohito was presented as a benevolent sage and an apolitical ruler that had ended the war. Hirohito sought to justify the surrender upon the bombs to the public, but did he believe so, did his armed forces believe so? People debate to this day why the surrender occurred, I love the fact there are two message offered because both are true. Hirohito's decision to surrender was based on numerous variables, the atomic bombs, the invasion of Manchuria by the soviets, but above all else, what really was important to the man, the emperor, the god? The kokutai. The Soviets were more of a threat to the kokutai, thus Hirohito jumped into the arms of the Americans. The language between the Americans and Japanese in the communications for unconditional surrender were ambiguous, but Hirohito and the high commanders knew there was zero chance of the kokutai surviving if the Soviets invaded Japan, perhaps the Americans would allow it to continue, which is just what they ended up doing. The entire purpose of this series would to emphasize how Hirohito definitely had a active role in the war of 1931-1945, he had numerous occasions where he could put the hammer down to stop the situation from escalating. But in the end when his back was against the wall, he did what he did to cling on to the Kokutai. I shall leave you with this. On August 12th, as Hirohito came to inform the imperial family of his decision to surrender, Prince Asaka asked him whether the war would continue if the Kokutai could not be preserved, what do you think he said? “Of Course”.
Contrary to Victorian era illustrations and Michelangelo's chubby cherubs in the Sistine Chapel, angels are always described as glorious and fear-inducing. Whenever someone sees a vision of an angel in Scripture, the person who sees them is dumbfounded and crippled by fear. In most instances, the angel has to tell the person not to fear and followed by supernatural help to recuperate. Such is the case with Daniel, who receives an interpretation of his vision from an angel. There's far too much to talk about concerning the historical fulfillment of Daniel's vision, but the prophesy moves from near future to the end of days when it is mentioned that the king will do whatever he wants.Daniel 10 - 1:12 . Daniel 11 - 5:12 . Daniel 12 – 15:11 . Isaiah 45 - 18:18 . :::Christian Standard Bible translation.All music written and produced by John Burgess Ross.Co-produced by Bobby Brown, Katelyn Pridgen, Eric Williamson & the Christian Standard Biblefacebook.com/commuterbibleinstagram.com/commuter_bibletwitter.com/CommuterPodpatreon.com/commuterbibleadmin@commuterbible.org
P&C drink and review a Heineken Zero, then discuss some holiday themes. Contrary to popular opinion, Columbus didn't show that the world was round. Every educated person knew the world was a globe. Columbus mistakenly believed the world was smaller than it is, and that it would be an easy trip from Europe to Asia. His mistake led to the discovery of the Americas, but it took a long time before Europeans decided to colonize the new land. The Pilgrims were late to the game. There were already Spanish and French settlements in the Americas. But the Pilgrims were among the earliest English settlements and were very influential in the development of the United States. The boys discuss, and wish you a very happy Thanksgiving.
Contrary to some thinking: No I did not die nor did the rapture happen LOL. What we have been doind. Update on Ava Bickford. Don't let go of your dream. Why I believe we are in the last days.
Ex-FBI sniper Christopher Whitcomb survived warlords, black ops, and helicopter crashes. He's here to explain how calculating risk kept him alive. [Pt. 1/2]Full show notes and resources can be found here: jordanharbinger.com/1242What We Discuss with Christopher Whitcomb:Risk calculation becomes second nature in high-stakes environments. Christopher Whitcomb describes constant mental math in life-threatening situations, assessing odds, escape routes, and survival probabilities while meeting warlords or navigating hostile territories.The psychological toll of extreme operations is cumulative and often invisible. Years of black ops, moral ambiguity, and life-threatening missions create layers of trauma that don't announce themselves until something breaks, making the "finding himself again" journey essential.Helicopters are surprisingly resilient war machines. Contrary to Hollywood's explosive fantasies, Vietnam proved these birds can take serious damage and stay airborne. When power does fail, auto-rotation uses blade inertia to control descent, turning disaster into survivable physics.Adrenaline addiction isn't about having too much adrenaline. Christopher Whitcomb explains he wasn't addicted because he didn't have it; his body adapted to extreme situations by no longer producing the chemical response most people experience, revealing how repeated exposure rewires our biology.Understanding the physics of consequence helps you push boundaries without crossing them. Whether rock climbing, tactical operations, or any high-risk endeavor, calculating limits lets you explore your edge safely. For further insights from Christopher Whitcomb, stay tuned for Part Two later this week!And much more...And if you're still game to support us, please leave a review here — even one sentence helps! Sign up for Six-Minute Networking — our free networking and relationship development mini course — at jordanharbinger.com/course!Subscribe to our once-a-week Wee Bit Wiser newsletter today and start filling your Wednesdays with wisdom!Do you even Reddit, bro? Join us at r/JordanHarbinger!This Episode Is Brought To You By Our Fine Sponsors: The Cybersecurity Tapes: Listen here: thecybersecuritytapes.comHiya: 50% off first order: hiyahealth.com/jordanMint Mobile: Shop plans at mintmobile.com/jhsBetterHelp: 10% off first month: betterhelp.com/jordanAirbnb: Turn your house into a host: airbnb.com/hostSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
Contrary to what some might say, the 49ers still need Mac Jones
Contrary to almost every single poll, Congresswoman Mikie Sherrill beat her Republican challenger Jack Ciattarelli in the New Jersey Governor's race by a whopping 13 points. Dr. Ben Dworkin, director of the Rowan Institute for Public Policy and Citizenship at Rowan University, provides his expert insight and analysis of election results. Topics discussed:What contributed to Mikie Sherrill's large margin of victoryWhy the polls were so off baseImpact of President Trump's endorsement of Jack CiattarelliWho “Never Trumper” Republicans voted forWere the widespread wins for Democrats across the country a fluke or a trend? Resources:NJCPA members' economic priorities for Governor-Elect SherrillLegislative Action Center
SpaceTime with Stuart Gary | Astronomy, Space & Science News
(00:00:00) Cosmic Beginnings and Stellar Discoveries: Unveiling the First Stars and Secrets of the Moon (00:00:47) Have astronomers finally seen the universe's first stars (00:04:06) Hidden secrets about the Moon and the asteroid Vesta (00:10:45) Euclid peers deep into a stellar nursery full of baby stars (00:16:05) The Science Report (00:18:09) Skeptics guide to flat earthers falling flat on their face again In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover groundbreaking findings that could reshape our understanding of the universe's early stars, the Moon's hidden secrets, and the asteroid Vesta's internal structure.First Stars DetectedAstronomers may have finally glimpsed the universe's first stars, known as Population 3 stars, thanks to observations from NASA's Webb Space Telescope. These luminous giants, formed just 200 million years after the Big Bang, are believed to have ended the cosmic dark ages and initiated the epoch of reionisation. The episode delves into the significance of these findings, which suggest that these stars were formed in small clusters and exhibit extremely low metallicity, challenging previous theories about the early universe.Secrets of the Moon RevealedTwo NASA studies have provided fascinating insights into the Moon's internal structure through advanced gravity modelling. By analysing data from the GRAIL mission, researchers have created the most detailed gravitational map of the Moon to date, revealing variations linked to tidal deformation. This research offers clues about the Moon's geological history and volcanic activity, particularly highlighting differences between the near and far sides of the Moon.New Insights into Asteroid VestaIn a parallel study, scientists examined the asteroid Vesta's structure using data from NASA's Dawn spacecraft. Contrary to earlier beliefs of a layered interior, new measurements suggest Vesta may have a more uniform composition, with only a small core, if any. This revelation challenges long-held assumptions about the formation and evolution of this ancient asteroid.Euclid Space Telescope's Stellar Nursery ObservationsThe European Space Agency's Euclid Space Telescope has peered into the dark cloud LDN 1641, uncovering a vibrant stellar nursery filled with young stars. This segment discusses the significance of Euclid's observations, which not only aid in fine-tuning the telescope's capabilities but also contribute to our understanding of star formation and the cosmos.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal LettersNatureBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.
Contrary to what everyone thought at the beginning of the year, the Bruins look legit and they showed it with a seven game winning streak. Nikita Zadorov is becoming a fan favorite and the perfect Bruin after last night's win over Toronto. Then, Bridgette Proulx of The Skate Pod joins the show to further the conversation and looks towards more rotation between Jeremy Swayman and Joonas Korpisalo as a factor in the B's success. And, its time for fans to root for Chaim Bloom in his new role with the Cardinals since his he had a bad hand dealt during his time with the Red Sox.
Steve Gruber sits down with Michael McMahon, a decorated former NYPD detective, and his wife, Emmy-winning actress Martha Byrne, to set the record straight about Michael's recent pardon from President Donald Trump and the truth behind the widely reported “Operation Fox Hunt” case. Contrary to media portrayals, Michael was innocently caught up in a political push to appear tough on China, with key evidence withheld and witnesses fabricating stories. The case exposes misconduct within the Department of Justice and the FBI and highlights how government overreach can ruin lives. Michael shares his firsthand account of betrayal, injustice, and the fight to reclaim his reputation, offering a cautionary tale about due process and political motivations in high-profile cases.
EPISODE 624 - Beverly Burch - What You Don't Know - One contrary ghost, two women, three trianglesAbout the authorMy newest book is the novel, What You Don't Know. I also have four collections of poetry and two nonfiction books. My work has won a Lambda Literary Award, a John Ciardi Prize, a Gival Poetry Prize and was a finalist for Audre Lorde Award. I live in the Bay Area with my wife and two Maine coon cats, Mac & Zadie.Praise For What You Don't Know“A dazzling story, containing so much more than the width of its spine. Love is all over the place in this novel, and you don't know which way it will turn next, and you stay glued to the page to find out. Burch reminds us that life is complex and dynamic and we really don't know what might happen next.”—Nina Schuyler, award-winning author of In This Ravishing World“Dreamy and poetic, What You Don't Know chronicles the awakening of two young women to the intertwined forces of grief and desire. Set in soul-freeing San Francisco and music-rich Nashville, this immersive novel deeply explores the hearts of its characters.”—Lucy Jane Bledsoe, award winning author of Tell the RestOne contrary ghost, two women, three triangles, four children: What You Don't Know is a bisexual love story from the Music City, the Blueridge Mountains and the Bay Area.Chloe, beautiful, whip-smart, flees a difficult childhood and sexual betrayal to the Bay Area where she falls in love with a woman. Afraid of this love, she devotes herself to making money instead. At 29 she moves to Nashville and meets Peter, a producer whose wife Angie recently died. Angie still seems to be around though, quietly coaching Chloe about Peter and helping her twin sister Rosie through grief. Rosie is devastated by the loss of Angie and dislikes Chloe immediately, that is, until she becomes intrigued by her. After Chloe marries Peter, their relationship grows close, displeasing Angie. Chloe realizes she's in love with Rosie, creating yet another triangle. A terrible accident ensues that upends everyone's lives again, but bringing Chloe home to her true desires.https://www.beverlyburch.com/Support the show___https://livingthenextchapter.com/podcast produced by: https://truemediasolutions.ca/Coffee Refills are always appreciated, refill Dave's cup here, and thanks!https://buymeacoffee.com/truemediaca
What Fresh Hell: Laughing in the Face of Motherhood | Parenting Tips From Funny Moms
Contrary to what social media would have us believe, not every hobby has to turn into a madly successful side-hustle that takes the world by storm. Margaret talks with Liz Gumbinner, co-host of the podcast "Spawned with Kristen and Liz," about why it's okay to just make really delicious cookies. Liz Gumbinner is a writer, award-winning ad agency creative director, and mom of teens. Online she's better known as the publisher of coolmompicks.com and the author of the OG mom blog Mom-101. Her Substack newsletter, I'm Walking Here, looks at media, politics, and culture through a witty parenting lens. Liz and Margaret discuss why parenting itself has become another thing to "hustle" around, as well as the difference between ambition and "the hustle." It's great to spend a night with your family or friends without taking/posting any pics at all and just being present, says Liz. It gives you perspective on what's important in life and helps you refocus how you want to spend more of your time. Here's where you can find Liz: @mom101 on Twitter, IG, Mastodon, and Post.news "Spawned" podcast https://coolmompicks.com/ "I'm Walking Here" substack Links! Liz's post "648 words about my one-word resolution" Our episode with Eve Rodsky on Changing the Invisible Workload Our episode with Amber Thornton on Finding Real Balance The Happiness Project by Gretchen Rubin Margaret's episode on Spawned We love the sponsors that make this show possible! You can always find all the special deals and codes for all our current sponsors on our website: https://www.whatfreshhellpodcast.com/p/promo-codes/ mom friends, funny moms, parenting advice, parenting experts, parenting tips, mothers, families, parenting skills, parenting strategies, parenting styles, busy moms, self-help for moms, manage kid's behavior, teenager, tween, child development, family activities, family fun, parent child relationship, decluttering, kid-friendly, invisible workload, default parent, productivity Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices
After 1,400 episodes, Baylor finally answers the question: What does Shark Theory really mean? The answer might change how you approach your goals, your pace, and your purpose. Show Notes: In this milestone episode of Shark Theory, Baylor Barbee reflects on seven years and 1,400 episodes of growth — and breaks down the true meaning behind the name Shark Theory. Contrary to the popular image of the "shark" as an aggressive go-getter, Baylor reveals that real sharks — and truly successful people — move differently. True sharks aren't frantic. They're focused. They move forward patiently and purposefully, conserving energy until the right opportunity appears. Baylor explains how this principle of patient progress can change the way you chase goals, build habits, and sustain success. What You'll Learn in This Episode: The real story and symbolism behind Shark Theory Why success requires being "patiently progressive" — not frantic or stagnant The dangers of chasing "good enough" instead of pursuing what you truly want How to sustain energy and focus for the goals that really matter Why progress, not perfection, keeps your life "oxygenated" Featured Quote: "Stop chasing good — it drains the energy you need for great. Be patiently progressive in pursuit of what you truly want."
In this sermon we define regeneration and how and when it occurs. Contrary to some positions, regeneration comes about through the preaching of the Word by the power of the Holy Spirit. Scripture Lesson: 1 Peter 1 http://media.urclearning.org/audio/tm-regeneration-11-09-2025.MP3
In its duration, geographical reach, and ferocity, World War II was unprecedented, and the effects on those who fought it and their loved ones at home, immeasurable. The heroism of the men and women who won the war may be well documented, but we know too little about the pain and hardships veterans endured upon their return home. Drawing from veterans' memoirs, oral histories, and government documents, acclaimed historian David Nasaw illuminates a hidden chapter of American history—one of trauma, resilience, and a country in transition in THE WOUNDED GENERATION: Coming Home After World War II. Nearly 16.4 million Americans served in the U.S. Armed Forces in World War II. This book “is an account of the aftereffects that lived on in the bodies, hearts, and minds of those who fought, those who awaited their return, and the nation that had won the war but had now to readjust to peace.”As Nasaw makes evident, the veterans who returned to America were not the same people as those who had left for war, and the nation to which they came back was not the one they left behind. Contrary to the prevailing narratives of triumph, here are the largely unacknowledged realities the veterans—and the nation—faced, radically reshaping our understanding of this era as a bridge to today, as we mark the 80th anniversary of the end of World War II.Nasaw presents a complicated portrait of those who brought the war home with them, among whom were the period's most influential political and cultural leaders, including John F. Kennedy, Robert Dole, and Henry Kissinger; J. D. Salinger and Kurt Vonnegut; Harry Belafonte and Jimmy Stewart. In The Wounded Generation, Nasaw illustrates the indelible stories of veterans and their loved ones as they confronted the aftershocks of World War II.David Nasaw is a historian, two-time Pulitzer Prize finalist, and bestselling author of The Last Million, named a best book of the year by NPR, Kirkus Reviews, and History Today; The Patriarch, a New York Times Five Best Non-Fiction Books of the Year; Andrew Carnegie, a New York Times Notable Book of the Year and the winner of the American History Book Prize; and The Chief, winner of the Bancroft Prize. He was the Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. Professor of History at the CUNY Graduate Center and the president of the Society of American Historians. In 2023, he was honored by the New York Public Library as a “Library Lion.” Nasaw's father served in the Army Medical Corps in Eritrea during World War II. He lives in New York City.#worldwar2 #authorpodcastPhoto Credit: Alex Irklievski
Well, it's over — after much controversy and ugliness through a lengthy campaign, New York City has elected Zohran Mamdani as the next mayor. Contrary to the consensus on the left, however, Jimmy and Due Dissidence's Russell Dobler do not believe Mamdani's victory represents a radical political shift but rather a continuation of establishment politics backed by elite interests, including figures like Alex Soros. Russell suggests that while Mamdani may implement limited reforms such as a rent freeze, his administration is unlikely to deliver transformative change, comparing his prospects to past Democratic mayors like Bill de Blasio. The discussion also highlights how demographic shifts and frustration with entrenched political power shaped the election, signaling the end of an era for New York's old political establishment. Plus segments on Mamdani's decidedly anti-worker stance regarding fired city workers who refused to take the COVID vaccine and Israel arresting the nation's chief prosecutor after she charged Israeli prison guards with sexual assault of Palestinian prisoners. Also featuring Kurt Metzger and Stef Zamorano!
In this episode of "Financial Crime Matters," Kieran talks with Eddie Fishman, author of “Chokepoints: How the Global Economy Became a Weapon of War," about the rapid growth in the use of financial sanctions in the 21st Century, with each US president from George W. Bush on imposing sanctions at twice the rate of his predecessor. Drawing on history and his own experience from stints at the US State Department, Pentagon and Treasury, Eddie cites examples of successful and unsuccessful sanctions programs, arguing that the former generally seek to force specific behavioral changes from a targeted government, while the latter are often too ambitious. Sanctions, for example, that seek regime change leave government leaders with little incentive to negotiate. Presidents Bush's and Obama's actions against Iran that resulted in the Islamic state suspending efforts to create material for nuclear weapons production under the 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) exemplify the successful use of sanctions, Eddie says, adding that a weakness in US sanctions policy is the potential for political change. The Trump administration withdrew from the JCPOA in 2018. Contrary to some characterizations, particularly those from Russian officials, Eddie also argues that sanctions against the Putin regime have stunted Russia's economy and, consequently, its ability to wage war.
This episode is all about the importance of having a Plan B, C, and even D for your life. Contrary to popular belief, having alternative plans doesn't deter you from your Plan A, it actually helps you to pursue it more confidently. Brain Fact: Tic disorders and Tourette syndrome. Join the DYFM Facebook Group Follow @doyoufkingmind on IG Follow @dyfmpodcast on TT Follow @alexisfernandezpreiksa on IG Follow @alexispredez on TT Follow @mindsetrecreationclub on IG Follow @mindsetrecreationclub on TT Order your Brain Journal here: www.mindsetrecreationclub.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Billy Saas and Scott Ferguson are joined by Will Beaman to discuss Money on the Left's framework for what we call “Democratic Public Finance” (DPF). According to this paradigm, money is public credit, a capacious tool for mobilizing everyone's capacities to meet our needs and build a desirable future. DPF redefines politics as the process of coordinating our abundant human and material resources within ecological limits, rather than as an austere and exploitative competition for scarce funds. With this, Money on the Left not only opens fresh horizons for left politics, but also directly challenges the fiscal sabotage routinely carried out by liberals, conservatives and the authoritarian right. In conceptualizing DPF, Money on the Left builds on insights from Modern Monetary Theory (MMT); but we also push beyond MMT's delimitation of public money creation to the alleged sovereignty of the nation-state. Contrary to conventional accounts of MMT, we insist that money is a public, contested, and inexhaustible institution that must be politicized and redesigned across all levels of governance. During our discussion, our cohosts outline the approach to DPF presented in our recent long-form publication, “Democratic Public Finance: A Radical Vision for Mamdani's New York City.” Along the way, we tease out key insights from myriad other contemporary works, which variously leverage DPF to challenge the second Trump administration's authoritarian radicalization of neoliberal economics. Such texts include co-authored pieces such as “Blue Bonds: A Fiscal Strategy for Overcoming Trump 2.0,” “How the Zetro Card can Save New York City (Really),” and “It's Time for Complimentary Currencies,” as well as writings by Will Beaman like “How to New York Times Proof Mamdani's Playbook,” “Blue Bonds: Duck or Rabbit?,” and “The Case for Fiscal Insurgency.” The conversation highlights the originality and urgency of Money on the Left's core ideas for Democratic Public Finance. Since the discussion only scratches the surface of our writings, however, we encourage listeners to consult the linked publications above for a comprehensive engagement with DPF.Visit our Patreon page here: https://www.patreon.com/MoLsuperstructureMusic by Nahneen Kula: www.nahneenkula.com
The dynamic and interconnected ways Afghans and Iranians invented their modern selves through literature. Contrary to the presumption that literary nationalism in the Global South emerged through contact with Europe alone, Reading Across Borders: Afghans, Iranians, and Literary Nationalism (University of Texas Press, 2024) demonstrates how the cultural forms of Iran and Afghanistan as nation-states arose from their shared Persian heritage and cross-cultural exchange in the twentieth century. In this book, Aria Fani charts the individuals, institutions, and conversations that made this exchange possible, detailing the dynamic and interconnected ways Afghans and Iranians invented their modern selves through new ideas about literature. Fani illustrates how voluntary and state-funded associations of readers helped formulate and propagate "literature" as a recognizable notion, adapting and changing Persian concepts to fit this modern idea. Focusing on early twentieth-century periodicals with readers in Afghan and Iranian cities and their diaspora, Fani exposes how nationalism intensified—rather than severed—cultural contact among two Persian-speaking societies amidst the diverging and competing demands of their respective nation-states. This interconnected history was ultimately forgotten, shaping many of the cultural disputes between Iran and Afghanistan today. Aria Fani is an associate professor and director of Persian and Iranian Studies at the University of Washington in Seattle. He serves as the current deputy editor of Iranian Studies and is a co-investigator of the Translation Studies Hub at UW. Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/a48266/videos Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network
The dynamic and interconnected ways Afghans and Iranians invented their modern selves through literature. Contrary to the presumption that literary nationalism in the Global South emerged through contact with Europe alone, Reading Across Borders: Afghans, Iranians, and Literary Nationalism (University of Texas Press, 2024) demonstrates how the cultural forms of Iran and Afghanistan as nation-states arose from their shared Persian heritage and cross-cultural exchange in the twentieth century. In this book, Aria Fani charts the individuals, institutions, and conversations that made this exchange possible, detailing the dynamic and interconnected ways Afghans and Iranians invented their modern selves through new ideas about literature. Fani illustrates how voluntary and state-funded associations of readers helped formulate and propagate "literature" as a recognizable notion, adapting and changing Persian concepts to fit this modern idea. Focusing on early twentieth-century periodicals with readers in Afghan and Iranian cities and their diaspora, Fani exposes how nationalism intensified—rather than severed—cultural contact among two Persian-speaking societies amidst the diverging and competing demands of their respective nation-states. This interconnected history was ultimately forgotten, shaping many of the cultural disputes between Iran and Afghanistan today. Aria Fani is an associate professor and director of Persian and Iranian Studies at the University of Washington in Seattle. He serves as the current deputy editor of Iranian Studies and is a co-investigator of the Translation Studies Hub at UW. Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/a48266/videos Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/literary-studies
The dynamic and interconnected ways Afghans and Iranians invented their modern selves through literature. Contrary to the presumption that literary nationalism in the Global South emerged through contact with Europe alone, Reading Across Borders: Afghans, Iranians, and Literary Nationalism (University of Texas Press, 2024) demonstrates how the cultural forms of Iran and Afghanistan as nation-states arose from their shared Persian heritage and cross-cultural exchange in the twentieth century. In this book, Aria Fani charts the individuals, institutions, and conversations that made this exchange possible, detailing the dynamic and interconnected ways Afghans and Iranians invented their modern selves through new ideas about literature. Fani illustrates how voluntary and state-funded associations of readers helped formulate and propagate "literature" as a recognizable notion, adapting and changing Persian concepts to fit this modern idea. Focusing on early twentieth-century periodicals with readers in Afghan and Iranian cities and their diaspora, Fani exposes how nationalism intensified—rather than severed—cultural contact among two Persian-speaking societies amidst the diverging and competing demands of their respective nation-states. This interconnected history was ultimately forgotten, shaping many of the cultural disputes between Iran and Afghanistan today. Aria Fani is an associate professor and director of Persian and Iranian Studies at the University of Washington in Seattle. He serves as the current deputy editor of Iranian Studies and is a co-investigator of the Translation Studies Hub at UW. Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/a48266/videos Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/middle-eastern-studies
The dynamic and interconnected ways Afghans and Iranians invented their modern selves through literature. Contrary to the presumption that literary nationalism in the Global South emerged through contact with Europe alone, Reading Across Borders: Afghans, Iranians, and Literary Nationalism (University of Texas Press, 2024) demonstrates how the cultural forms of Iran and Afghanistan as nation-states arose from their shared Persian heritage and cross-cultural exchange in the twentieth century. In this book, Aria Fani charts the individuals, institutions, and conversations that made this exchange possible, detailing the dynamic and interconnected ways Afghans and Iranians invented their modern selves through new ideas about literature. Fani illustrates how voluntary and state-funded associations of readers helped formulate and propagate "literature" as a recognizable notion, adapting and changing Persian concepts to fit this modern idea. Focusing on early twentieth-century periodicals with readers in Afghan and Iranian cities and their diaspora, Fani exposes how nationalism intensified—rather than severed—cultural contact among two Persian-speaking societies amidst the diverging and competing demands of their respective nation-states. This interconnected history was ultimately forgotten, shaping many of the cultural disputes between Iran and Afghanistan today. Aria Fani is an associate professor and director of Persian and Iranian Studies at the University of Washington in Seattle. He serves as the current deputy editor of Iranian Studies and is a co-investigator of the Translation Studies Hub at UW. Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/a48266/videos Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/critical-theory
The dynamic and interconnected ways Afghans and Iranians invented their modern selves through literature. Contrary to the presumption that literary nationalism in the Global South emerged through contact with Europe alone, Reading Across Borders: Afghans, Iranians, and Literary Nationalism (University of Texas Press, 2024) demonstrates how the cultural forms of Iran and Afghanistan as nation-states arose from their shared Persian heritage and cross-cultural exchange in the twentieth century. In this book, Aria Fani charts the individuals, institutions, and conversations that made this exchange possible, detailing the dynamic and interconnected ways Afghans and Iranians invented their modern selves through new ideas about literature. Fani illustrates how voluntary and state-funded associations of readers helped formulate and propagate "literature" as a recognizable notion, adapting and changing Persian concepts to fit this modern idea. Focusing on early twentieth-century periodicals with readers in Afghan and Iranian cities and their diaspora, Fani exposes how nationalism intensified—rather than severed—cultural contact among two Persian-speaking societies amidst the diverging and competing demands of their respective nation-states. This interconnected history was ultimately forgotten, shaping many of the cultural disputes between Iran and Afghanistan today. Aria Fani is an associate professor and director of Persian and Iranian Studies at the University of Washington in Seattle. He serves as the current deputy editor of Iranian Studies and is a co-investigator of the Translation Studies Hub at UW. Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/a48266/videos Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/african-studies
I see his posts just about every day and every one of them gets me thinking. This one (as I share from him again), I hope gets you thinking too. You see, we all have excuses in our lives as to why we don't do more, become better, try something new, finish something, etc., and Coach Ray Ostrowski (@CoachRayO3313) reminds us this about those excuses: “Contrary to what many believe and practice, you can NEVER ‘excuse' your way out of a situation. You can go from failure to success, but never excuses. End your excuses and over time, correct your outcome.” Now, those were his thoughts on this quote he shared: “You can't excuse your way out - you can only adjust your way out. You can go from failure to success, but you can't go from excuses to success.” ~ John Maxwell. “Drop the excuses if you truly want to change your results.” This was talking right to me of course as I have way too many excuses in my life and throughout my history, that have all gotten in the way of me being my best version of myself. I'm going to keep working on this for sure. No other choice. How about you? Thanks for listening. Please take a few moments to subscribe & share this with someone, also leave a 5 Star rating on Apple Podcasts and ITunes or other services where you find this show. Find me on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/coachtoexpectsuccess/ on Twitter / “X”: @coachtosuccess and on Instagram at: @coachjohndaly - My YouTube Channel is at: Coach John Daly. Email me at: CoachJohnDalyPodcast@gmail.com You can also head on over to https://www.coachtoexpectsuccess.com/ and get in touch with me there on my homepage along with checking out my Top Book list too. Other things there on my site are being worked on too. Please let me know that you are reaching out to me from my podcast.
No one doubts that the US is a politically and culturally divided nation. Contrary to much of public opinion, politicians like Donald Trump did not cause the crisis. Instead, as Lawrence Mead writes, they are a symptom of the government's assault on our culture.Original article: https://mises.org/mises-wire/recognizing-roots-current-us-political-turmoil
In this episode of Crazy Wisdom, host Stewart Alsop talks with Richard Easton, co-author of GPS Declassified: From Smart Bombs to Smartphones, about the remarkable history behind the Global Positioning System and its ripple effects on technology, secrecy, and innovation. They trace the story from Roger Easton's early work on time navigation and atomic clocks to the 1973 approval of the GPS program, the Cold War's influence on satellite development, and how civilian and military interests shaped its evolution. The conversation also explores selective availability, the Gulf War, and how GPS paved the way for modern mapping tools like Google Maps and Waze, as well as broader questions about information, transparency, and the future of scientific innovation. Learn more about Richard Easton's work and explore early GPS documents at gpsdeclassified.com, or pick up his book GPS Declassified: From Smart Bombs to Smartphones.Check out this GPT we trained on the conversationTimestamps00:00 – Stewart Alsop introduces Richard Easton, who explains the origins of GPS, its 12-hour satellite orbits, and his father Roger Easton's early time navigation work.05:00 – Discussion on atomic clocks, the hydrogen maser, and how technological skepticism drove innovation toward the modern GPS system.10:00 – Miniaturization of receivers, the rise of smartphones as GPS devices, and early mapping tools like Google Maps and Waze.15:00 – The Apollo missions' computer systems and precision landings lead back to GPS development and the 1973 approval of the joint program office.20:00 – The Gulf War's use of GPS, selective availability, and how civilian receivers became vital for soldiers and surveyors.25:00 – Secrecy in satellite programs, from GRAB and POPPY to Eisenhower's caution after the U-2 incident, and the link between intelligence and innovation.30:00 – The myth of the Korean airliner sparking civilian GPS, Reagan's policy, and the importance of declassified documents.35:00 – Cold War espionage stories like Gordievsky's defection, the rise of surveillance, and early countermeasures to GPS jamming.40:00 – Selective availability ends in 2000, sparking geocaching and civilian boom, with GPS enabling agriculture and transport.45:00 – Conversation shifts to AI, deepfakes, and the reliability of digital history.50:00 – Reflections on big science, decentralization, and innovation funding from John Foster to SpaceX and Starlink.55:00 – Universities' bureaucratic bloat, the future of research education, and Richard's praise for the University of Chicago's BASIC program.Key InsightsGPS was born from competing visions within the U.S. military. Richard Easton explains that the Navy and Air Force each had different ideas for navigation satellites in the 1960s. The Navy wanted mid-Earth orbits with autonomous atomic clocks, while the Air Force preferred ground-controlled repeaters in geostationary orbit. The eventual compromise in 1973 created the modern GPS structure—24 satellites in six constellations—which balanced accuracy, independence, and resilience.Atomic clocks made global navigation possible. Roger Easton's early insight was that improving atomic clock precision would one day enable real-time positioning. The hydrogen maser, developed in 1960, became the breakthrough technology that made GPS feasible. This innovation turned a theoretical idea into a working global system and also advanced timekeeping for scientific and financial applications.Civilian access to GPS was always intended. Contrary to popular belief, GPS wasn't a military secret turned public after the Korean airliner tragedy in 1983. Civilian receivers, such as TI's 4100 model, were already available in 1981. Reagan's 1983 announcement merely reaffirmed an existing policy that GPS would serve both military and civilian users.The Gulf War proved GPS's strategic value. During the 1991 conflict, U.S. and coalition forces used mostly civilian receivers after the Pentagon lifted “selective availability,” which intentionally degraded accuracy. GPS allowed troops to coordinate movement and strikes even during sandstorms, changing modern warfare.Secrecy and innovation were deeply intertwined. Easton recounts how classified projects like GRAB and POPPY—satellites disguised as scientific missions—laid technical groundwork for navigation systems. The crossover between secret defense projects and public science fueled breakthroughs but also obscured credit and understanding.Ending selective availability unleashed global applications. When the distortion feature was turned off in May 2000, GPS accuracy improved instantly, leading to new industries—geocaching, precision agriculture, logistics, and smartphone navigation. This marked GPS's shift from a defense tool to an everyday utility.Innovation's future may rely on decentralization. Reflecting on his father's era and today's landscape, Easton argues that bureaucratic “big science” has grown sluggish. He sees promise in smaller, independent innovators—helped by AI, cheaper satellites, and private space ventures like SpaceX—continuing the cycle of technological transformation that GPS began.
No one doubts that the US is a politically and culturally divided nation. Contrary to much of public opinion, politicians like Donald Trump did not cause the crisis. Instead, as Lawrence Mead writes, they are a symptom of the government's assault on our culture.Original article: https://mises.org/mises-wire/recognizing-roots-current-us-political-turmoil
The sun is not masculine and the moon is not feminine. Contrary to what most people believe, the sun is in fact feminine. It is feminine energy which gives birth to life, that brings life into existence and sustains it. But in this patriarchal world of inversion, we are brainwashed to believe that the sun is masculine. This is all part of the patriarchal conditioning to mislead humanity, and especially women to pour life force energy in the wrong direction. The Masters of Self University PODCAST is your highest source of Sacred Truth and Universal Wisdom, offered by Rachel Fiori, mystical teacher, psycho-energetic healer, & CEO. Join our journey of soul transformation with hosts Ellie Lee, Danny Morley, and the rest of our amazing Certified Mystical Coaches of Oneness™.Student Enrollment Information: https://www.mastersofselfuniversity.com/university-enrollmentENTER THE PORTAL TO ONENESS https://www.mastersofselfuniversity.com/portal-to-onenessRachel's Book on Amazon: https://shorturl.at/hkyLRMasters of Self University: https://mastersofselfuniversity.com/Rachel's Social Media: https://www.instagram.com/rachel_fiori/ https://www.youtube.com/@mastersofselfuniversityNEW EPISODES EVERY MONDAY AND THURSDAY!
Today on The Natural Birth Podcast we have GüteGüte is a mama of one from South Africa, and a coach with a passion to support mothers with connecting to their intuition and a natural way of living, especially in the perinatal phase. Contrary to modern myths, Güte has found natural birthing and mothering, and the lead up to it, to be the most self-actualising process she's ever experienced and that she continues to enjoy.During her pregnancy she decided to pivot her coaching practice to support mothers, as she realised how isolated they tend to be. She is co-creating a world where mothers are part of a loving network, with the perspective and knowledge to find joy and meaning in pregnancy, birth and motherhood.In today's episode she shares about her pregnancy and home waterbirth in London as a South African Expat, and how it took her on a journey to lean into self-responsibility and intuition as a way of avoiding medical intervention, without needing to fight, but by creating a safe and nurturing environment, with support from wise mamas. Her first surges came when her parents landed from South Africa early in the morning. She was supported by her loving husband and doula throughout her labour until she roared and raged and birthed her baby into the water shortly after the midwife had arrived.Curious about Güte? Find her on instagram as @gute.immelmanWant to work with Anna or join The Sacred Birth Worker Mentorship?Find Anna's Website, about her Mentorship & How to Work with Her, as well as all Links & Resources she mentions in the episode here:www.sacredbirthinternational.com/links-podcast
Breaking news! Contrary to popular belief, mindful eating doesn't come with a side of perfection. Reports confirm it's not all slow bites, dim lighting, and quinoa salads — sometimes it's grabbing the convenient option because you're tired, or choosing comfort food because that's what your body needs. Today on The Forkcast, we're redefining what mindfulness actually looks like on your plate: no rules, no judgment, just awareness, compassion, and a forkful of real life. Find us in our Private Community: FORK YEAH! Collective. $9/ mo for weekly podcast episodes, real-time connection and support, resource library, member discounts, and ongoing guidance from a team of non-diet dietitians. If you've been spending way too much time lately… Biting your tongue when your aunt talks about her juice cleanse. Explaining to the nurse (again) that you won't be getting weighed today. Being told to “just lose weight!”. Worrying that you're the only person who *isn't* capable of ~body positivity~. Stressing over what you eat, how you move, and what the fuck you're doing in life. We know you've wished you could just find a magical place where everyone GETS IT ALREADY (or is at least trying to). Good news: this is that place. The Forkcast and FORK YEAH! Collective
Contrary to what Cam Newton believes, every number out there proves that Drake Maye is indeed playing like a top 5 quarterback in the NFL.
In this highly requested AMA, Dr. Gabrielle Lyon addresses the most critical questions surrounding male hormone health. Dr. Lyon tackles the fear, stigma, and misinformation surrounding Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT), revealing why a low testosterone level is a major predictor of serious health issues like heart disease, bone fracture, and obesity.She breaks down the current medical consensus on TRT, the risks of replacement, the truth about dosing, and what every man over 40 needs to know about their hormone health. This is a must-watch to separate the bodybuilding myths from the medical facts.Chapter Markers0:00 - Intro: Low Testosterone is a Predictor of Heart Disease1:12 - The Penile Shrinking Myth: What Caused the Viral Frenzy2:20 - Testosterone Levels: The Truth About Aging in Men3:44 - The First Step: What Labs to Ask Your Doctor for4:22 - Why Men Need to Check Their Estrogen (Estradiol)6:13 - The Medical Cutoff for Low T and Androgen Sensitivity7:27 - Low T is Linked to Fatigue, Depression, and Fat Deposition9:27 - TRT and Cardiovascular Health: Is it Protective or a Risk?10:36 - Erectile Dysfunction Predicts Heart Attack Within 3-5 Years12:30 - The Stigma: Why Doctors Don't Check Testosterone13:00 - TRT vs. Steroids: Defining the Line14:21 - Infertility and TRT: What You Must Know15:18 - Safety: What are the Risks of TRT for Men?16:33 - The Stigma: Why Doctors Don't Treat Low T17:15 - TRT and Obesity: Treat Concurrently or Wait?18:10 - Menopause vs. Andropause: Why Men Don't Have to Decline19:34 - Testosterone Boosters (Ashwagandha, Tongkat Ali)26:11 - Different Forms of Testosterone Administration28:09 - Intranasal Testosterone for Less Impact on Fertility30:38 - Managing Expectations: How Long Until You Feel Better?33:00 - TRT and Muscle Gain: The Highs and Lows of Dosing36:47 - The Win-Win: Low Risk, High Reward39:00 - Blood Flow & Erectile Function: Cialis and Exercise40:17 - Semen Quality as a Marker for Overall Male Health41:29 - Parenting and the Cost of Unhealthy Humans41:45 - How to Raise Testosterone Naturally (The Pillars)42:29 - Low-Dose Cialis for Cardiovascular Health (Preemptive Strategy)43:59 - Dr. Lyon's TRT Journey and Early Concerns46:00 - OutroKey Takeaways:Low Testosterone is a major health risk. Low T is linked to an increased risk of bone fracture, heart disease, obesity, and diabetes.TRT is often protective. Contrary to the long-standing myth, replacing low testosterone to a healthy range does not increase the risk of cardiac events. It is, in fact, protective against cardiovascular disease.Erectile Dysfunction (ED) is a canary in the coal mine. ED can predict a heart attack within 3 to 5 years.Men can maintain high T levels. Testosterone levels in a healthy 75-year-old can be just as good as in a man in his 20s.The solution is often concurrent. For an obese or overweight man with low T, concurrent treatment with TRT and a lifestyle intervention is often the most responsible approach to provide the motivation needed for weight loss.Low-dose daily Cialis (2.5mg to 5mg) may be a viable preemptive strategy for cardiovascular health due to its blood flow benefits.This episode is brought to you by:Manukora - Get $25 off your Starter Kit at
Send us a textThe commercial real estate landscape is evolving, not dying, and Mike "Big Mike" Zlotnick is at the forefront of connecting passive investors with lucrative opportunities. His simple yet powerful philosophy? "We marry money and opportunity."Contrary to popular belief, many commercial property types are thriving post-pandemic. Open-air shopping centers have become particularly attractive investments as supply remains constrained while demand grows. Even previously online-only retailers like Warby Parker have opened hundreds of physical locations, recognizing that customers still want in-person experiences for certain products. Meanwhile, industrial properties continue seeing strong demand due to reshoring initiatives and manufacturing needs. Multifamily remains a necessity-based investment that performs well across economic cycles.Not all commercial property is created equal, however. Zlotnick candidly warns about office space being a "danger zone" due to remote work trends. This level of transparency characterizes his investment approach, which prioritizes downside protection over home runs. "I would rather never lose money than make 10 home runs and 10 strikeouts," he explains, echoing Howard Marks' definition of risk as simply "the possibility of loss."For those interested in commercial real estate syndication, Zlotnick breaks down the essentials: typically, investors need to be accredited ($200,000 annual income or $1 million net worth excluding primary residence), with minimum investments around $100,000. The syndication structure allows investors to participate passively while experienced operators manage the properties, providing both cash flow and potential appreciation.Perhaps most compelling is Zlotnick's perspective on the educational journey of investing. He poses a thought-provoking question: "Are you learning to invest, or are you investing to learn?" This dual nature of investment education underscores that every decision provides valuable lessons, regardless of outcome.Ready to explore commercial real estate investing with a focus on predictable outcomes? Visit BigMikeFund.com to learn how you can participate in institutional-grade commercial real estate without the headaches of active management. Support the showThanks again for listening. Don't forget to subscribe, share, and leave a FIVE-STAR review.Head to Dwanderful right now to claim your free real estate investing kit. And follow:http://www.Dwanderful.comhttp://www.facebook.com/Dwanderfulhttp://www.Instagram.com/Dwanderful http://www.youtube.com/DwanderfulRealEstateInvestingChannelMake it a Dwanderful Day!
This week Murphy and Heilemann were joined by the sharp-witted Charlie Sykes — author of How the Right Lost Its Mind and host of the Substack newsletter and podcast To the Contrary. The Hacks dive into an exhaustingly eventful week: Hegseth's body-shaming of our troops, Trump declaring a war from within, the chaotic deployment of ICE and the military to U.S. cities, the looming shutdown, Comey's indictment, and the first crack in Trump's armor. And so much more! Photo by Alex Wong via Getty Images Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices
Relationships are more transactional than we admit. Psychologist Orion Taraban explains what men and women actually want versus what they say! [Pt 1/2]Full show notes and resources can be found here: jordanharbinger.com/1212What We Discuss with Orion Taraban:People often can't accurately describe what they actually want in relationships. Women may say they want kindness and safety, but these qualities only matter from men they're already attracted to. The key insight: watch what people do, not what they say they want.According to Orion Taraban, people are always in relationships with their perceived best available option. This involves both emotional connection and practical value calculations. While this framing may feel uncomfortable, it helps explain why purely psychological dating advice often falls short.Contrary to popular belief, there aren't different strategies for short-term versus long-term relationships in modern dating culture. Since sex typically precedes commitment, the path to long-term relationships requires first succeeding at short-term attraction dynamics, then maintaining those behaviors over time.Men tend to cheat while staying in relationships (often due to opportunity rather than dissatisfaction), while women are more likely to cheat as a way to transition to better relationships. Women may also engage in "consecutive cheating" — ending one relationship and immediately starting another, which technically isn't infidelity but serves a similar function.Focus on attraction first, everything else second. The most practical takeaway is understanding that attraction must be established before other relationship qualities matter. Whether you're looking for casual dating or marriage, you need to first master the fundamentals of becoming attractive to your target demographic. This means being honest about what actually creates attraction rather than what you think should create it. Stay tuned for the second part of this two-part episode (airing later this week), where we'll dive deeper into specific strategies for building and maintaining this attraction in both short and long-term contexts!And much more...And if you're still game to support us, please leave a review here — even one sentence helps! Sign up for Six-Minute Networking — our free networking and relationship development mini course — at jordanharbinger.com/course!Subscribe to our once-a-week Wee Bit Wiser newsletter today and start filling your Wednesdays with wisdom!Do you even Reddit, bro? Join us at r/JordanHarbinger!This Episode Is Brought To You By Our Fine Sponsors: Kindred: Free signup + 5 nights travel credit: livekindred.com, code JORDANQuiltmind: Email jordanaudience@quiltmind.com to get started or visit quiltmind.com for more infoBetterHelp: 10% off first month: betterhelp.com/jordanCaldera + Lab: 20% off: calderalab.com/jordan, code JORDANHomes.com: Find your home: homes.comSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
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