Podcasts about scishow tangents

For those of you with finals on the brain, or those of you whose brain can't let go of those finals and they haunt your dreams to this day, Tangents has your back with this compilation stuffed to the brim with essential chemistry knowledge!Episodes in this compilation:S1 E46 - Plastic, original airdate: September 24, 2019S2 E36 - Proteins, original airdate: July 28, 2020S4 E21 - Carbon, original airdate: August 16, 2022S4 E34 - Poison, original airdate: December 6, 2022S4 E38 - Gas, original airdate: January 10, 2023S5 E4 - Glass, original airdate: May 9, 2023Sources for each episode can be found in the descriptions of the original episodes on your preferred podcasting platform.SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! And go to https://complexly.store/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on socials:Ceri: @ceriley.bsky.social@rhinoceri on InstagramSam: @im-sam-schultz.bsky.social@im_sam_schultz on InstagramHank: @hankgreen on X

This bonus episode was originally posted on Patreon on December 22, 2021 titled "Tangents Bonus Pod Ep 10: Warm Poopoopeepeepedia."Original Patreon description: We're trying to stay warm here in frigid Montana, so we discuss all things warm and cozy with ex-Tangents host, Stefan Chin!SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents!And go to https://complexly.store/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on socials:Ceri: @ceriley.bsky.social@rhinoceri on InstagramSam: @im-sam-schultz.bsky.social@im_sam_schultz on InstagramHank: @hankgreen on X

This bonus episode was originally posted on Patreon on November 23, 2021 titled "Tangents Bonus Pod Episode 9: Thankspooping!"Original Patreon description: This month we are grateful for turkey, crescent rolls, friends, and you our wonderful Patrons! Enjoy our game of Family Food and an inexplicable breakdown of everyone's shower schedules. What are you thankful for this year?SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents!And go to https://complexly.store/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on socials:Ceri: @ceriley.bsky.social@rhinoceri on InstagramSam: @im-sam-schultz.bsky.social@im_sam_schultz on InstagramHank: @hankgreen on X

This bonus episode was originally posted on Patreon on October 29, 2021 titled "Tangents ~BOOOOnus~ Pod Episode 8: Spooky Scary Science."Original Patreon description: Why do we get the creepy crawlies? Why do phobias exist? Why is my milk wriggling?!? I'd avoid eating anything around minute 18:30 if I were you...SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! And go to https://complexly.store/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on socials:Ceri: @ceriley.bsky.social@rhinoceri on InstagramSam: @im-sam-schultz.bsky.social@im_sam_schultz on InstagramHank: @hankgreen on X

This bonus episode was originally posted on Patreon on September 30, 2021 titled "Tangents Bonus Pod Episode 7: Stump Hank!"Original Patreon description: This month, it's finally time to Stump Hank! See how he holds up to intense questioning about Star Trek, dark matter, and fashion! Plus: Ceri's long-promised beagle howl impression!SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! And go to https://complexly.store/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on socials:Ceri: @ceriley.bsky.social@rhinoceri on InstagramSam: @im-sam-schultz.bsky.social@im_sam_schultz on InstagramHank: @hankgreen on X

This bonus episode was originally posted on Patreon on August 31, 2021 titled "Poopoopeepeepedia Episode 6."Original Patreon description: Alternative name to this podcast that keeps changing: Hank's Hangover Corner! Poor guy was too hungover to be properly stumped but we hope you enjoy Hank's humble brag about his famous friends and their mysterious hangover cures.SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! And go to https://complexly.store/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on socials:Ceri: @ceriley.bsky.social@rhinoceri on InstagramSam: @im-sam-schultz.bsky.social@im_sam_schultz on InstagramHank: @hankgreen on X

Summer is just around the corner, with all its golden-hued evenings, icy-cold treats, groovy music, and winding roads laden with promises of adventure. If you're heading out on an epic summer road trip, bring this Tangents compilation along for the ride and squeeze in some learning between roadside attractions and snack stops! Episodes in this compilation: S1 E14 - The Sun, original airdate: February 12, 2019 S2 E7 - Radio, original airdate: December 24, 2019 S2 E40 - Cars, original airdate: September 8, 2020 S3 E36 - Heat, original airdate: November 2, 2021 S4 E14 - Beaches, original airdate: June 14, 2022 Sources for each episode can be found in the descriptions of the original episodes on your preferred podcasting platform. And go to https://complexly.store/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on socials: Ceri: @ceriley.bsky.social @rhinoceri on Instagram Sam: @im-sam-schultz.bsky.social @im_sam_schultz on Instagram Hank: @hankgreen on X

This bonus episode was originally posted on Patreon on July 28, 2021 titled "Poopoopeepeepedia - Episode 5."Original Patreon description: Hank faces the consequences of his bathroom humor titling by diving into the poopy waters of urine and feces!SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! And go to https://complexly.store/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on socials:Ceri: @ceriley.bsky.social@rhinoceri on InstagramSam: @im-sam-schultz.bsky.social@im_sam_schultz on InstagramHank: @hankgreen on X

This bonus episode was originally posted on Patreon on June 30, 2021 titled "Q and Bidet - Episode 4."Original Patreon description: What popular songs does Ceri know? How stumped did she get by your science questions? Listen to this episode of Q and Bidet (I should mention Hank came up with that name all by himself) to find out!SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! And go to https://complexly.store/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on socials:Ceri: @ceriley.bsky.social@rhinoceri on InstagramSam: @im-sam-schultz.bsky.social@im_sam_schultz on InstagramHank: @hankgreen on X

This bonus episode was originally posted on Patreon on May 28, 2021 titled "Q and Play - Episode 3!"Original Patreon description: We've named the Patreon podcast! Enjoy Sam trying to answer your science questions while Ceri and Hank give him encouraging/condescending smiles.SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! And go to https://complexly.store/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on socials:Ceri: @ceriley.bsky.social@rhinoceri on InstagramSam: @im-sam-schultz.bsky.social@im_sam_schultz on InstagramHank: @hankgreen on X

This bonus episode was originally posted on Patreon on April 30, 2021 titled "Tangents Bonus Episode #2."Original Patreon description: Ceri and Hank answer your questions about the future of science! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! And go to https://complexly.store/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on socials:Ceri: @ceriley.bsky.social@rhinoceri on InstagramSam: @im-sam-schultz.bsky.social@im_sam_schultz on InstagramHank: @hankgreen on X

This bonus episode was originally posted on Patreon on March 26, 2021 titled "Tangents Bonus Episode #1!"Original Patreon description: Hank, Sam, and Ceri answer your questions! Including: What happened to Chin Coins? Is there a scientific formula to a great joke? And how do non-newtonian fluids work? Featuring a snazzy new song by the one and only, Tuna!SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! And go to https://complexly.store/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on socials:Ceri: @ceriley.bsky.social@rhinoceri on InstagramSam: @im-sam-schultz.bsky.social@im_sam_schultz on InstagramHank: @hankgreen on X

Stroll back in time to look ahead at the future with Tangents in this compilation of episodes investigating the science and innovations that have pushed humanity and technology ever on down the road of advancement! Episodes in this compilation:S1 E15 - Artificial Intelligence, original airdate: February 19, 2019 S2 E23 - Robots, original airdate: April 14, 2020 S4 E2 - Computers, original airdate: March 8, 2022 S4 E44 - Lasers, original airdate: February 28, 2023 S5 E29 - Machine Learning, original airdate: April 30, 2024 Sources for each episode can be found in the descriptions of the original episodes on your preferred podcasting platform. SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! And go to https://complexly.store/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on socials: Ceri: @ceriley.bsky.social @rhinoceri on Instagram Sam: @im-sam-schultz.bsky.social @im_sam_schultz on Instagram Hank: @hankgreen on X

The day has arrived- this is our very last episode of Tangents ever! So of course, we had to talk about a topic that's near and dear to our hearts forever: Tangents. Ride down memory lane with us and returning original host Stefan Chin as we reminisce, try to remember what we've learned, and still learn new stuff in an episode that's the true encapsulation of everything we love about this show. SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[This or That: SciShow or Tangents or Both]Eyedrops to deliver a drug called pilocarpinehttps://nerdfighteria.info/v/ekmb6KQahuk/African crested rat with toxin-loaded furhttps://www.livescience.com/crested-rats-have-poison-fur.htmlhttps://www.npr.org/2020/11/27/938878618/for-rats-that-coat-themselves-in-poison-these-rodents-are-surprisingly-cuddlyhttps://nerdfighteria.info/v/CQAVcAJQsEM/Spleen cells creating splenunculi https://nerdfighteria.info/v/3xXyBCckWsMhttps://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/12/13/505349283/meet-the-spleen-the-strange-little-organ-that-can-multiplyhttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27226272/Car transmission failures due to endangered species acthttps://www.nytimes.com/1975/04/17/archives/transmission-problems-in-cars-linked-to-ban-on-whale-killing.htmlhttps://magazine.washington.edu/feature/the-innovation-file-solving-a-whale-of-a-problem/https://io9.gizmodo.com/how-the-jojoba-plant-saved-the-sperm-whale-1716719552https://www.nytimes.com/1975/05/15/archives/oil-from-a-shrub-found-in-desert-may-save-the-sperm-whale.htmlhttps://www.lubesngreases.com/magazine/whale-oil-biobased-and-bygone/[The Gauntlet]Preventing snails from growing external shellshttps://www.wired.com/2010/10/snails-slugs-shell-evolution/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/10/101011090229.htmhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1525-142X.2010.00433.xFemale mouse pee compound that decreases pain and increases stress in maleshttps://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abi9366https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/953803Niagara falls 1969 projecthttps://www.niagarafallsinfo.com/niagara-falls-history/niagara-falls-geology/american-dry-falls/https://slate.com/technology/2019/05/niagara-falls-june-1969-dewatering.htmlhttps://m.ammoth.us/blog/2010/03/absent-rivers-ephemeral-parks/Wolf puppies acting like domesticated dogshttps://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/824375https://www.cell.com/iscience/fulltext/S2589-0042(19)30557-7Ethyl mercaptan-sniffing animalshttps://nj.gov/health/eoh/rtkweb/documents/fs/0894.pdfhttps://bedfordaudubon.org/2016/01/07/turkey-vulture-and-black-vulture/https://www.birdnote.org/podcasts/birdnote-daily/turkey-vultures-and-gas-pipelinesIka-tako computer virushttps://www.wired.co.uk/article/japanese-virushttps://www.computerworld.com/article/1343317/hacker-s-p2p-virus-replaces-files-with-sea-creature-manga.htmlFrogs that don't have middle ears but can still hearhttps://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1302218110https://phys.org/news/2013-09-frogs-ears-mouth.htmlhttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3023005/[Ask the Science Couch]Mathematical uses for tangentshttps://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/classes/calciii/TangentNormalVectors.aspxhttp://www.braeunig.us/space/orbmech.htmhttps://science.nasa.gov/learn/basics-of-space-flight/chapter4-1/https://www.nasa.gov/ames-engineering/spaceflight-division/flight-dynamics/trajectory-design/https://willkempartschool.com/compostional-mistakes-in-drawing/[Butt One More Thing]Young turquoise killifish gut microbes made old fish live longerhttps://www.nature.com/news/young-poo-makes-aged-fish-lhttps://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/120980v2

We're thrilled to be joined for a special return to the topic of Cancer by our own magnificent editorial assistant, Deboki Chakravarti! We cover a ton in this beefy episode, so grab a snack, get comfy, and prepare to dive deep on a topic that's well worth the revisit. SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[Truth or Fail]Water-logged diaper scanshttps://www.nist.gov/pml/about-pml/pml-working-you/pml-working-you-archives/fighting-cancer-diapershttps://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2017/11/how-disposable-diapers-can-improve-measurements-tumor-growthToothbrush cancer camerahttps://www.forbes.com/sites/rachelsandler/2022/09/22/why-billionaire-eric-schmidt-is-backing-a-high-school-senior-making-a-cancer-detecting-toothbrush-and-other-brilliant-teens/https://www.mayoclinic.org/medical-professionals/obstetrics-gynecology/news/a-substantial-step-toward-earlier-endometrial-cancer-detection/mac-20560620Cancer-cell kleenexhttps://www.statnews.com/2017/09/06/masspec-pen-cancer/[This or That: Researcher, Patient, or Both]Round 1 - Sister Mary Joseph Nodulehttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294222000089#sec0006https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00261-016-1031-1https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(18)31864-6/abstractRound 2 - Trousseau sign of malignancyhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294222000089#sec0002https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1022062/Round 3 - AOH1996https://www.alexslemonade.org/blog/chance-meeting-leads-promising-cancer-treatmenthttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10592352/https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05227326Round 4 - Papanicolaou (Pap) testhttps://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cncy.22734https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2213294514002178[Ask the Science Couch]Proposition 65 in the state of California & carcinogens in studieshttps://oehha.ca.gov/proposition-65/about-proposition-65https://oehha.ca.gov/proposition-65/proposition-65-listhttps://oehha.ca.gov/proposition-65/how-chemicals-are-added-proposition-65-listhttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6349368/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10311-023-01668-1https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/substances/wood-dust Patreon bonus: Treatments for different cancers and why there's no singular curehttps://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/typeshttps://www.aacr.org/patients-caregivers/about-cancer/what-is-cancer/https://www.cancercenter.com/community/blog/2023/10/cancer-is-not-one-diseasehttps://medlineplus.gov/cancer.html[Butt One More Thing]A trained dog could sniff out colorectal cancer in poop sampleshttps://gut.bmj.com/content/60/6/814https://www.cshl.edu/the-doctor-will-sniff-you-now/

Would it really be a conversation about plagues if noted plague-hater and tuberculosis-fighter John Green wasn't a part of it? In this episode John makes his Tangents debut at last, and we dig deep into whether we could fight an old, fat beaver and win, among other things.SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[Truth or Fail Express]Hunter-gatherer from 5000 years ago infected with plaguehttps://www.livescience.com/5000-year-old-man-had-plague.htmlhttps://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/oldest-strain-of-black-death-bacteria-found-in-5000-year-old-human-remains#Less-deadly-and-less-contagiousIsaac Newton plague cure https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/sir-isaac-newtons-plague-prescription-toad-vomit-lozenges-180975039/https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/isaac-newton-plagueSewer pipes in Hanoi let plague-bearing rats breedhttps://feralatlas.supdigital.org/poster/colonial-sewers-led-to-more-ratshttps://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/hanoi-rat-massacre-1902[The Scientific Definition]Four thieves vinegarhttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7485289/https://nutritionalgeography.faculty.ucdavis.edu/clove/https://www.si.edu/es/object/die-mondsuchtigen:nmah_994026The Vicary method / The live chicken treatmenthttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1472106/https://muse.jhu.edu/article/665487https://libguides.umn.edu/healthmisinformationZenexton https://www.jstor.org/stable/44444207https://archive.org/details/b30341681/page/n7/mode/2up[Ask the Science Couch]HIV resistance through genetic mutation and selective pressure (possibly from plagues)https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1377146/https://jmg.bmj.com/content/42/3/205https://www.nature.com/news/2005/050307/full/news050307-15.htmlhttps://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/03/050325234239.htmhttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC299980/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16880184/ Plague doctors probably didn't look like birds (until later / after theater) https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Paul_F%C3%BCrst,_Der_Doctor_Schnabel_von_Rom_(Holl%C3%A4nder_version).pnghttps://deathscent.com/2020/05/15/the-redolent-plague-doctor/https://www.livescience.com/plague-doctors.html[Butt One More Thing]Using pastes made with human feces to treat bubonic plaguehttps://blogs.loc.gov/loc/2021/04/medieval-pandemic-cures-that-were-medieval/https://hosted.lib.uiowa.edu/histmed/plague/

Is it usefulness, accidental genius, or sheer dumb luck that produces inventions? Well, after this episode, we at least know for sure what Batman's answer would be. As for the rest of it, you'll just have to listen along while we dive into one of Ceri's dream topics: Inventions!SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[This or That]Pacemakerhttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3232561/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2017/jul/11/from-viagra-to-valium-the-drugs-that-were-discovered-by-accidentSnow globehttps://www.bbc.com/news/business-25298507https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/how-an-experiment-to-amplify-light-in-hospital-operating-rooms-led-to-the-accidental-invention-of-the-snow-globe-180985742/Stethoscope https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1570491/https://www.thoughtco.com/rene-laenecc-stethoscope-1991647[The Scientific Definition]Pigeon Vesthttps://americanhistory.si.edu/explore/stories/pigeons-bras-go-warBat Bombhttps://www.airandspaceforces.com/article/1090bats/https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/the-almost-perfect-world-war-ii-plot-to-bomb-japan-with-batshttps://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2011/04/old-weird-tech-the-bat-bombs-of-world-war-ii/237267/Chicken Eyeglasseshttps://gizmodo.com/thousands-of-chickens-once-wore-glasses-to-stop-them-ki-1700343874https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1989/11/27/entrepreneur-wants-a-lens-in-every/https://extension.psu.edu/poultry-cannibalism-prevention-and-treatmenthttps://patents.google.com/patent/US730918Experiment (patent in category “Boats to ascend rivers”)https://books.google.com/books?id=K1YdAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA120#v=onepage&q&f=falsehttps://liberalarts.tamu.edu/nautarch/nwl/lake-champlain-projects/hoofbeats-over-the-water-ina-research-on-horse-powered-ferryboats/https://books.google.com/books?id=z0Avt3ruFx0C&pg=PA294#v=onepage&q&f=falsehttps://www.uspto.gov/blog/the-search-for-lost-x[Ask the Science Couch]“Ahead of their time” inventions (Undersea cables, Antikythera mechanism, electric cars) https://www.nps.gov/caco/learn/historyculture/french-transatlantic-cable.htmhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-84310-whttps://www.youtube.com/@clickspringhttps://guides.loc.gov/chronicling-america-early-electric-carsPatreon bonus: Patent law and whether you can apply without a prototypehttps://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/35/100https://www.legal.uillinois.edu/services/legal_guidance/inventions_and_patentshttps://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/pac/mpep/s2109.htmlhttps://improbable.com/2014/02/21/the-blonsky-centrifugal-birthing-device-in-dublin/[Butt One More Thing]John Henry Kellog's vibratory dining chair for bowel movementshttps://www.museumofquackery.com/devices/k-chair.htmhttps://www.mcgill.ca/oss/article/health-nutrition-history-quackery/enigmatic-dr-kellogg

Do you want to play a game? Well, we sure do! We're joined by Sam's dream guest Jo Firestone, a comedian, podcaster, and game author and enthusiast to celebrate the joy (and evil) of playing games, especially the games on Tangents! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[Truth or Fail: Express]Researchers turned quitting smoking into competitive sporthttps://www.bu.edu/sph/news/articles/2024/novel-digital-pet-game-within-smoking-cessation-app-increases-user-engagement-with-apps-tools-to-quit-smoking/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37566442/Scientists watch a hydrogel play ponghttps://www.theguardian.com/technology/article/2024/aug/22/scientists-enable-hydrogel-to-play-and-improve-at-pong-video-gamehttps://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1063433Bonus: Dead salmon FMRI studyhttps://www.psychology.mcmaster.ca/bennett/psy710/readings/BennettDeadSalmon.pdfOregon Trail decision model https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1063290[The Gauntlet]Game Boy Pocket Sonar accessoryhttps://www.outdoorlife.com/fishing/game-boy-fishing-sonar/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/apr/21/nintendo-game-boy-25-facts-for-its-25th-anniversaryhttps://gameboy.fandom.com/wiki/Game_Boy_Pocket_SonarFoldit players solve puzzles with what moleculeshttps://fold.it/about_foldithttps://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2024/press-release/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/foldit-gamers-solve-riddle/AI neural network from floppy disk to electronic gamehttp://www.20q.net/?historyhttps://ecolloq.gsfc.nasa.gov/archive/2006-Spring/announce.burgener.htmlhttps://openreview.net/pdf?id=FlR4WyubayyJenga name in Swahilihttps://www.ox.ac.uk/news/science-blog/jenga-tale-randomness-and-designhttps://www.museumofplay.org/toys/jenga/Candy Land disease epidemichttps://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/candy-land/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/history-disease-outbreaks-vaccine-timeline/poliohttps://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2019/07/how-polio-inspired-the-creation-of-candy-land/594424/Jeopardyhttps://www.chicagotribune.com/2007/03/19/jeopardy-has-first-3-way-tie/https://www.npr.org/2009/12/20/121664528/sing-muse-of-the-jeopardy-three-way-tiehttps://j-archive.com/showplayer.php?player_id=3578https://www.jeopardy.com/jbuzz/behind-scenes/breaking-down-four-rare-jeopardy-scenarios100% win rate from high-speed robothttps://ishikawa-vision.org/fusion/Janken/index-e.html[Ask the Science Couch]Game replayability reasons, impacts, and areas of future researchhttps://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED596614.pdfhttps://www.firstpersonscholar.com/the-games-people-replay/https://research.vu.nl/ws/files/3135888/293191.pdfhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1875952121000574https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352250X22002652https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1155/2024/5876780Patreon bonus: Gamification, another facet of motivation psychologyhttps://academictechnologies.it.miami.edu/support/course-design-assistance/game-based-learning/index.htmlhttps://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1475760/1/gamification_CHI2016_preprint.pdfhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1875952119300953https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877050921023255https://online.nursing.georgetown.edu/blog/how-to-stop-procrastinating-there-is-a-science-to-it/https://mcgraw.princeton.edu/undergraduates/resources/resource-library/understanding-and-overcoming-procrastination[Butt One More Thing]Original inventor of Scrabble was named Alfred Mosher Buttshttps://time.com/archive/6909539/scrabble/https://www.museumofplay.org/toys/scrabble/

Is all life predestined, or is existence blown about by the whims of entropy? If we restarted the universe with the same world generating seed a la Minecraft, would it all play out the same??? These are ginormous questions that we do not get into in this episode! Instead, we're examining slightly more manageable examples of randomness in nature, in computing, and even in ourselves. SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[The Scientific Definition]The Lost Boarding Pass Problemhttps://www.varsity.co.uk/science/23162The Secretary Problemhttps://www2.math.upenn.edu/~ted/210F10/References/Secretary.pdfhttps://slate.com/technology/2014/12/the-secretary-problem-use-this-algorithm-to-determine-exactly-how-many-people-you-should-assess-before-making-a-new-hire-or-choosing-a-life-partner.htmlThe Sleeping Beauty Problemhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cW27QJYNXtUhttps://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-the-sleeping-beauty-problem-is-keeping-mathematicians-awake/[Trivia Question]Sum of numbers on a D120 vertex where 10 faces meethttps://www.wired.com/2016/05/mathematical-challenge-of-designing-the-worlds-most-complex-120-sided-dice/[Fact Off]Fastest computer worm in history was the random-scanning worm called Slammer (aka the Sapphire Worm) https://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~savage/papers/IEEESP03.pdfhttps://www.science.org/content/article/fastest-worm-everhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/1523881Effectiveness of randomly promoting employees in a business instead of promoting by merit[Ask the Science Couch]Humans are (maybe) bad at intuitively understanding or predicting randomnesshttps://cocosci.princeton.edu/tom/papers/hard.pdfhttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5215234/https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5933241/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0010027717302895https://zhaolab.psych.ubc.ca/pdfs/Zhao_2014_JEPHPP.pdfPatreon bonus: pseudorandom number generators and randomization seedshttps://www.random.org/randomness/https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/pseudorandom_number_generatorhttps://www.acsac.org/2003/papers/79.pdfhttps://www.fourmilab.ch/hotbits/[Butt One More Thing]Dung beetles that attach themselves to butts to find poop non-randomlyhttps://www.sfzoo.org/dung-beetle/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19169550/

Hello Tangents listeners! We are off this week to rest up and enjoy the holidays, so in place of a regular episode we have a super special treat from friends of the show that we're excited to share! We're dropping an episode of a new podcast series from Chalk and Blade Productions called "Our Big Shot."What if we could build a disease free world? Well, we almost have. We are at a point in history where we have a Big Shot to make that happen. Dr Seema Yasmin, expert in disease control, brings you the stories of disease eradication, and the pioneers who can tell us how to finish the journey. These conversations will make you smarter, entertain and surprise you, and give you hope for the future of humanity.SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen

One year passes, another is just around the bend, so let's look back on the top 6 Tangents episodes of 2024!! From intriguing topics to spooky mystery guests, this compilation truly summarizes a wild, wonderful year for Tangents. We hope you enjoy reminiscing with us, and we look forward to all that's ahead! Original episodes: 6. Feathers - airdate March 19, 20245. Glue - airdate May 14, 20244. Cheese - airdate February 6, 2024 3. Garbage - airdate March 5, 2024 2. Roller Coasters - airdate September 17, 2024 1. Caves - airdate October 1, 2024 Sources for each episode can be found in the descriptions of the original episodes on your preferred podcasting platform.SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen

Is a dream really a wish your heart makes? Or is it just that your brain is an organ that never really turns off? What do your dreams even mean??? These are just some of the perplexing questions this episode posed to us and our special return guest, Trace Dominguez!SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[Definition]https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2814941/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-to-control-dreams/  [The Scientific Definition]Dreambookshttps://www.cabinetmagazine.org/issues/67/vandegrift.php#:~:text=Popular%20in%20Europe%20since%20antiquity,game%20then%20sweeping%20Northeastern%20cities.https://web.archive.org/web/20151222092158/http://www.eastm.org/index.php/journal/article/viewFile/146/134https://www.obafemio.com/uploads/5/1/4/2/5142021/dream_interpretation_in_ancient_china.pdfIncubationhttps://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft5j49p06s&chunk.id=d0e2624&toc.id=&brand=ucpress#:~:text=Common%20throughout%20all%20antiquity%2C%20the,some%20divinely%20inspired%20dream%20vision.https://www.britannica.com/topic/dream-sleep-experience/Dreams-as-a-source-of-divination#ref984709https://www.dreamscience.ca/en/documents/New%20content/incubation/Incubation%20overview%20for%20website%20updated.pdfOminous-Vapor Watcherhttps://www.obafemio.com/uploads/5/1/4/2/5142021/dream_interpretation_in_ancient_china.pdfhttps://www.britannica.com/topic/Zhouli[Trivia Question]Rapid eye movement (REM) saccade speedhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780080450469010895https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1985.tb01551.xhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1983.tb03008.xhttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9406327/[Fact Off]Approximating dreams with generative AIhttps://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/heres-how-ai-could-soon-decode-your-dreamsLucid dreaming and the effects of video games on dreamshttps://academic.oup.com/nc/article/2017/1/nix009/3859602https://theconversation.com/im-a-lucid-dream-researcher-heres-how-to-train-your-brain-to-do-it-118901https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2014-00817-001https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2F1053-0797.16.2.96https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2014-00817-001https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2008-19013-002https://www.theverge.com/2014/1/21/5330636/video-games-effect-on-dreams[Ask the Science Couch]Neuroscience of fever dreams https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3830719/https://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/IJoDR/article/view/28492https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6997236/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033318268718077?via%3Dihubhttps://www.accjournal.org/journal/view.php?number=1528 Patreon bonus: Recurring dream content and possible psychologyhttps://psycnet.apa.org/record/2010-23497-001https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Antonio-Zadra/publication/232509978_Recurrent_dreams_Their_relation_to_life_events/links/53d673f10cf220632f3da1f7/Recurrent-dreams-Their-relation-to-life-events.pdf  https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810005000772?casa_token=Dofy4I_w2PsAAAAA:DdZ6qAtKJiS6OEE3Iu8pETHldBs5n1SH3lvSQl6WuCNVv9Xi8v09wuR9bWki5YROcyKWXAZ3CcN3https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01812/fullhttps://psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/ajp.134.12.1335[Butt One More Thing]Psychoanalyst Hans Thorner documenting a patient who dreamed of butt spidershttps://bgsp.edu/app/uploads/2014/12/Blechner-M-Patients-dreams-and-the-countertransference.pdfhttps://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9780429477546-12/three-defences-inner-persecution-hans-thorner

Now you see it, now you don't - this episode is a true trick for the senses as we uncover the hidden wonders of Camouflage! From human ingenuity (?) to animal creativity, misdirection and subterfuge abound in this episode, so keep your eyes peeled, it's not one you'll want to miss!SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[This, That, or the Other: Disappearing Acts]Stripes painted on ships and planesPainting planes pinkYehudi lights on planeshttps://www.cnrs-scrn.org/northern_mariner/vol19/tnm_19_171-192.pdfhttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1634902/https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/552503/the-secret-lives-of-color-by-kassia-st-clair/https://books.google.com/books?id=heS0lbYrpAwC&pg=PA56&dq=yehudi+lights&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjHg8TLg6KJAxX5DkQIHUDFHHcQ6AF6BAgJEAI#v=onepage&q=yehudi%20lights&f=falsehttps://books.google.com/books?id=DUkl5bH6k6EC&pg=PA62#v=onepage&q&f=falsehttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042698902002675#:~:text=In%20the%20Purkinje%20shift%2C%20the,versus%20red%20into%20apparent%20motion.[Trivia Question]Color combinations of Bargibant's pygmy seahorseshttps://www.fishbase.se/summary/Hippocampus-bargibantihttps://oceana.org/marine-life/pygmy-seahorse/https://owlcation.com/stem/Camouflage-in-Animals-Pygmy-Seahorses[Fact Off]Trashline orb-weaver spiders that build self-portraits for camouflage https://web.archive.org/web/20160829062900/http://blog.perunature.com:80/2012/12/new-species-of-decoy-spider-likely.htmlhttps://phys.org/news/2012-12-species-spider-fake-decoys.htmlhttps://mdc.mo.gov/discover-nature/field-guide/trashline-orbweavershttps://academic.oup.com/beheco/article-abstract/10/4/372/2252323Picture examples of stabilimenta: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StabilimentumTricking mice with scent camouflage by adding too much wheat smellhttps://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abe4164https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-023-01127-3https://www.sciencenews.org/article/camouflaging-wheat-smell-pest-control[Ask the Science Couch]Color-changing biology in invertebrates like octopuses vs. vertebrates like chameleonshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5804272/https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms7368https://link.springer.com/article/10.1039/c0pp00199fhttps://ocean.si.edu/ocean-life/invertebrates/how-octopuses-and-squids-change-colorhttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2936158/Patreon bonus: Non-visual-spectrum camouflage or other senses https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.860137https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rstb.2008.0228https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00049-004-0274-4https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsif.2019.0183[Butt One More Thing]Caterpillars, spiders, and moths that camouflage themselves as bird poophttps://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/citrus/giantswallowtail.htmhttps://nhpbs.org/natureworks/viceroy.htmhttps://www.newscientist.com/article/dn28124-zoologger-a-spider-that-looks-and-smells-like-bird-droppings/https://australian.museum/learn/animals/spiders/bird-dropping-spider/https://boingboing.net/2019/11/14/macrocilix-maia-a-moth-that-e.html

From one to four to none at all, stomachs enjoy a stunning variety across all the creatures who have (or don't have) them. And with our stomachs all happily full of spooky month treats, we thought it was the perfect time to learn all about this weird, wobbly, wonderful organ.SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[This, That, or the Other: Stomachs ROCK]Bird with over 1% of their total body weight of gastrolithsAquatic animal helps control buoyancy by swallowing silt Animal eats its exoskeleton that stores calcium in stomachhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8342792/#bib0037https://www.researchgate.net/publication/6549149_No_gastric_mill_in_sauropod_dinosaurs_New_evidence_from_analysis_of_gastrolith_mass_and_function_in_ostricheshttps://bonndoc.ulb.uni-bonn.de/xmlui/handle/20.500.11811/2110https://www.jstor.org/stable/4098635https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26818557/[Trivia Question]Mammal species without stomachshttps://www.livescience.com/41661-why-platypus-wont-regain-stomach.htmlhttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2013.2669https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/how-the-platypus-and-a-quarter-of-fishes-lost-their-stomachshttps://www.ucl.ac.uk/museums-static/obl4he/vertebratediversity/monotremes.htmlhttps://m.youtube.com/watch?v=A5Rzx7yeh7c[Fact Off]Ghost crabs use their stomach teeth (gastric mills) to growlhttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2019.1161https://www.science.org/content/article/listen-ghost-crab-frighten-away-enemies-its-stomach-rumbleshttps://www.theguardian.com/science/2019/sep/11/ghost-crabs-use-teeth-in-stomachs-to-growl-at-predatorsSomeone ate a shrew to study what human digestion does to rodent bones [Ask the Science Couch]Borborygmus and the biology of stomach rumbles  https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-does-your-stomach-gro/https://www.etymonline.com/word/borborygmushttps://www.nature.com/articles/nrgastro.2012.57https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/ajpgi.00212.2015Patreon bonus: Stomach and brain communication for hunger/satiety (or other things) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3174087/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK555906/https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/ajpgi.00448.2003https://www.livescience.com/health/food-diet/does-it-really-take-20-minutes-to-realize-youre-fullhttps://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/693111[Butt One More Thing]Florida carpenter ants swallow their own formic acid to help protect their stomachshttps://elifesciences.org/articles/60287https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/491275

There's a chill in the air and a shudder in our bones...it's Spooky Month! Come along with us on a treacherous journey full of mischief, mayhem, and many marvelously mysterious guests! Steady yourself, for who knows what frights lurk around the corner...Alas, our frightful fiends and friends, Spooky Month has nearly run its course - but not until we go out with a bang with our final ghoulish guest, Tom Lum! Join as we dare to tread amongst the creatures who belong to the night...nocturnal animals!SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[This, That, or the Other: Boys' Night Out]Male animals float and call out to femaleshttps://sta.uwi.edu/fst/lifesciences/sites/default/files/lifesciences/documents/ogatt/Pseudis_paradoxa%20-%20Paradoxical%20Frog.pdfAnimals in ritualistic sparring matches for several hourshttps://echidnawalkabout.com.au/how-kangaroos-fight/Patrolling perimeter and building up poop pileshttps://www.britannica.com/animal/kiwi-birdhttps://www.livescience.com/57813-kiwi-facts.html[Truth or Fail Express]Hedgehogs inflate like a balloonhttps://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-gloucestershire-68833432https://www.livescience.com/59994-balloon-syndrome-hedgehog.htmlBandicoots spin to defend themselves https://crashbandicoot.fandom.com/wiki/Spinhttps://www2.environment.nsw.gov.au/topics/animals-and-plants/native-animals/native-animal-facts/land-mammals/bandicootsTasmanian devils are soothed by musichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ducking_the_Devilhttps://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/tasmanian-devilhttps://www.australiangeographic.com.au/topics/wildlife/2017/08/native-animals-should-be-renamed-with-their-aboriginal-names/Pygmy tarsiers / gremlins rotating their headshttps://www.wired.com/2015/01/absurd-creature-of-the-week-tarsier/https://primate.wisc.edu/primate-info-net/pin-factsheets/pin-factsheet-tarsier/[Ask the Science Couch]Vitamin D chemistry and nocturnal animalshttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56061/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8538717/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7761812/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12899852/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2009.00722.xhttps://www.mdpi.com/2571-841X/3/1/1 Patreon bonus: Teenage humans sleeping habits shifted towards nighthttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2820578/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/epdf/10.1080/07420528.2023.2265480https://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2015/10/among-teens-sleep-deprivation-an-epidemic.htmlhttps://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/134/3/642/74175/School-Start-Times-for-Adolescentshttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6084759/[Butt One More Thing]Bats with false butts (but some sort of muscle)https://www.instagram.com/batworldsanctuary/p/DAbKf45RDjW/https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mexican_free-tailed_bat_(8006850693).jpg

There's a chill in the air and a shudder in our bones...it's Spooky Month! Come along with us on a treacherous journey full of mischief, mayhem, and many marvelously mysterious guests! Steady yourself, for who knows what frights lurk around the corner...Our next shocking mystery friend to join us is none other than Dylan Marron! Tread the floorboards of Tangents Manor with us in pursuit of the truth behind fortune-telling and future-predicting as we examine Psychics! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[This, That, or the Other: Crystal Ball]Weather forecast predictionshttps://www.noaa.gov/stories/6-tools-our-meteorologists-use-to-forecast-weatherhttps://www.scientificamerican.com/article/can-you-trust-farmers-almanacs-weather-predictions/Flu shot planninghttps://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevent/vaccine-selection.htmShort-term volcanic eruption predictionhttps://volcano.si.edu/faq/index.cfm?question=eruptionforecasthttps://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/24650/chapter/6[The Scientific Definition]Spirit trumpethttps://cudl.lib.cam.ac.uk/view/MS-SPR-TRUMPET/1https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/spirit-trumpets-dead-speakhttps://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/for-harry-houdini-seances-and-spiritualism-were-just-an-illusion-180978944/The Barnum effecthttp://apsychoserver.psych.arizona.edu/JJBAReprints/PSYC621/Forer_The%20fallacy%20of%20personal%20validation_1949.pdfhttps://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110810104425651https://bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.2044-8260.1978.tb00271.xhttps://psycnet.apa.org/record/1977-21271-001Table-turninghttps://fisherdigitus.library.utoronto.ca/exhibits/show/psychical-research-collection/tabletalkingandtableturning/tabletalkingandtableturningboohttps://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-52954-2_6https://www.ria.ie/blog/table-turning-a-victorian-fad/[Ask the Science Couch]Neuroscience or psychology explanations for deja vu https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00415-005-0677-3https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4251874/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1053810012000049https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3420423/https://www.psychologicalscience.org/news/releases/the-psychology-of-deja-vu.htmlhttps://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/deja-vuPatreon bonus: Brain-computer interfaces and using technology to detect thoughtshttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3497935/https://www.theverge.com/2015/5/21/8639905/brain-control-robot-arm-paralyzed-quadriplegichttps://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aaa5417https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2023/5/4/23708162/neurotechnology-mind-reading-brain-neuralink-brain-computer-interfacehttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-023-01304-9[Butt One More Thing]Scatomancy pseudoscience vs. fecal tests run by gastroenterologistshttps://www.huffpost.com/entry/scatomancer_n_4309974https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000704.htmhttps://www.columbiadoctors.org/news/how-know-your-colon-healthy

We haven't seen this many fireworks since the Rockefeller Center did that spectacularly wild “Salute to Fireworks” back in 2007. This time around, guest-host Ceri Riley ponders what if fireworks were a normal part of the weather? And Trace ponders the spirits of the great beyond. He tries so, so hard not to bring up his time in the Victorian Era. Spoiler: He fails, almost as spectacularly as those damn fireworks.Julian is off this week, so send him lots of messages telling him how much he's missed.QUESTIONSCeri: "What would happen if fireworks were a naturally occurring weather pattern?" fromTrace: "If ghosts were real, how fast would they move? Speed of light? Faster?" from Ceri & JulianDo you have an absurd question? Maybe it's silly idea you had, a shower thought about the nature of reality, or a ridiculous musing about your favorite food? If you want an answer, no matter the question, tell us!HERE'S THE AEROGEL CLIP WE SHOWAdam Savage Blown Away by Neil deGrasse Tyson's Aerogelhttps://youtu.be/ZRYM2jTFJ0U?t=84HOW TO ASK A QUESTION

There's a chill in the air and a shudder in our bones...it's Spooky Month! Come along with us on a treacherous journey full of mischief, mayhem, and many marvelously mysterious guests! Steady yourself, for who knows what frights lurk around the corner...In our first Spooky Month episode we dare to venture into the cold, dark world of caves. Joining us on our search for hidden knowledge deep within the earth is the estimably terrifying Brennan Lee Mulligan! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[This, That, or the Other: Deep Trouble]Optymistychna Cave in UkrainePlura Cave in NorwayVeryovkina Cave in Georgia (the country)https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-36097300https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/veryovkina-cave-deepesthttps://mineralseducationcoalition.org/minerals-database/gypsum/https://saltworkconsultants.com/downloads/31.%20Dissolution%202-%20Caves.pdfhttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/262182704_Fractal_dimensions_of_cave_for_exemplary_gypsum_cave-mazes_of_Western_Ukrainehttps://bora.uib.no/bora-xmlui/handle/1956/10413?locale-attribute=en https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-97292-3_9 https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2499&context=ijs[The Gauntlet]Madagascar cave graveyardArmenia wine caveBosnia & Herzegovina cave barely moving animalDevil's Hole cave in NevadaCheese storage caves in the U.S.Mexico cave with giant formations[Ask the Science Couch]Science of cave climate in cheese/wine production https://www.wineenthusiast.com/culture/wine/underground-wine-caves-good/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2214289419306088#https://www.mentalfloss.com/posts/missouri-cheese-caves-historyhttps://www.snopes.com/fact-check/us-stockpile-cheese-missouri-caves/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2213329116300260Patreon bonus: “Subsurface access points” or caves in non-Earth places like the Moon and Marshttps://www.usgs.gov/centers/astrogeology-science-center/news/caves-across-solar-systemhttps://www-robotics.jpl.nasa.gov/what-we-do/applications/subsurface-access/https://www.nasa.gov/solar-system/lunar-pits-could-shelter-astronauts-reveal-details-of-how-man-in-the-moon-formed/  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-024-02302-y.epdf [Butt One More Thing]Indigenous Caribbean cave art from 1200-1400s, carved from moonmilk or painted using guano compoundshttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305440317301413?via%3Dihubhttps://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-017-05389-8

Get ready for a stomach-turning, heart-pounding, gravity-defying thrill ride as we plummet down, up, and all around the amazing world of roller coasters! We're joined by legendary podcaster, YouTuber, and roller coaster fanatic Tom Scott who wows us with his encyclopedic knowledge of these engineering marvels. So take a deep breath, strap in, and keep all your limbs inside the ride until the episode comes to a complete stop! Oh, and have fun!SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[This, That, or the Other: All Downhill from Here]https://www.goldreefcity.co.za/theme-park/rides-and-attractions/tower-of-terror/https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20170005323/downloads/20170005323.pdfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7663089/https://www.ferrariworldabudhabi.com/en/rides/formula-rossa/worlds-fastest-rollercoasterhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J8pJiV44hVMhttps://www.iaapa.org/news/funworld/tmnt-shellraiserhttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3281645/https://www.powermotiontech.com/hydraulics/accumulators/article/21883506/want-thrills-go-with-hydraulics[Trivia Question]Annual deaths in roller coaster accidents in the United Stateshttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1730261https://www.weather.gov/safety/lightning-victimshttps://www.cpsc.gov/cgibin/NEISSQuery/Data/Info%20Docs/2023%20NEISS%20Coding%20Manual.pdf​​https://www.cpsc.gov/s3fs-public/2023-Fireworks-Annual-Report.pdf?VersionId=61twx_Y4c5dkn6MhfDIT7QhGg2T6Gf1qhttps://www.uspa.org/discover/faqs/safety[Fact Off]Riding roller coasters can help reduce perception of breathlessness/dyspneahttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0005796706001653https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0954611106003209https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1191/1479972306cd110ra?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmedRiding in the back of Big Thunder Mountain Railroad can help dislodge kidney stones[Ask the Science Couch]Roller coaster stomach drop feeling and the enteric nervous systemhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7495222/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4367209/https://www.cbsnews.com/minnesota/news/good-question-why-does-your-stomach-drop-on-a-roller-coaster/https://www.visitkingsisland.com/blog/2020/may/roller-coaster-terminology-101Patreon bonus: Motion sickness and relation to agehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539706/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4906308/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11135238/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6241144/[Butt One More Thing]Dog-fart-themed steel roller coaster in Denmark's BonBon-Landhttps://www.mentalfloss.com/article/624229/take-virtual-ride-hundeprutterutchebane-denmarks-infamous-dog-fart-rollercoasterhttps://www.southzealand-mon.com/BonBon-Land

The knowledge of our couch of finely-honed scientific minds didn't pop out of the ground fully-formed - it had to be planted, tended, and grown lovingly over a long period of time to flower into the beautiful curiosity tree it is today. But like so much of life, it started as just a tiny, humble seed - which is super convenient for the topic of this episode!SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[Definition]https://www.nybg.org/planttalk/what-is-a-seed/https://kids.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frym.2020.00027https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/female-gametophytehttps://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/male-gametophyte[This or That: Seed Numbers]25: seed weight or germination time2000: preserved species or oldest germinated seed385 million: individual Amazonian trees or oldest seed-producing fossilized planthttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/2012/687832https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/science/12/chap5.htmhttps://www.seedvault.no/about/the-seeds/https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/science.1153600https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/708279https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3309767/https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1102491https://web.archive.org/web/20130608110356/http://sura.ots.ac.cr/local/florula3/docs/Hura.pdfhttps://www.britannica.com/story/can-apple-seeds-kill-you[Trivia Question]2024 record for smallest creature to disperse ingested seeds https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1042977https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ppp3.10519https://bantam.earth/common-rough-woodlouse-porcellio-scaber/[Fact Off]HybriBots are a cyborg way to plant seeds, made from wild oats and human-made capsuleshttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/adma.202313906  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34506974/Video of wild oat fruits: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NlUparIDfzEHuman urine does not protect acorns against predation by the wood mouse[Ask the Science Couch]Heirloom seeds and non-recently-hybridized plant cultivars (vs. hybrids vs. genetic modifications)https://hort.extension.wisc.edu/articles/heirloom-vegetables/https://extension.illinois.edu/sites/default/files/dkk-mg-seed-swap-hybrid-heirloom.pdfhttps://ag.umass.edu/home-lawn-garden/fact-sheets/heirloom-vegetable-varietieshttps://extension.illinois.edu/node/21430https://hles.unl.edu/translating-language-seed-packets-hybrid-heirloom-non-gmo-and-morehttps://www.fda.gov/food/agricultural-biotechnology/gmo-crops-animal-food-and-beyondPatreon bonus: How seeds germinate and seeds that grow better after being digestedhttps://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/9/4/462https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2005.00973.xhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1433831904700104https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/eap.1667[Butt One More Thing]Mysterious tomato plant on the volcanic island Surtsey came from a seed in human poophttps://www.icelandreview.com/news/dirty-secret-uncovered-doing-business-surtsey/https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1267/

Here in the remote vistas of the Tangents jungle, observe a group of mighty science communicators expertly stalking their primary prey: knowledge. Ever so tantalizing to behold, knowledge lounges in the shade of a fern, oblivious to the danger sneaking up behind it, ready to strike at a moment's notice! Truly, these must be the most fearsome of all predators!SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[This, That, or the Other: Munch Squad]Barnacle and crab-eating animal in North American oceansBird-eating ungulate in captivity Small mammal that ate raptor's meat meal instead of being eatenhttps://new.aquaticmammalsjournal.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/29-01_Courbis.pdfhttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/340941147_Do_lowland_tapirs_Tapirus_terrestris_eat_meat_Evidence_of_carnivory_in_a_large_South_American_herbivorehttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10344-015-0980-yhttps://bioone.org/journals/annals-of-the-entomological-society-of-america/volume-105/issue-1/AN11057/Opportunistic-Carnivory-by-Romalea-microptera-Orthoptera-Acrididae/10.1603/AN11057.short[Fact Off]Late-stage bamboo shark embryos have electroreception within their egg case Collaborative hunting gestures in coral reef residents (e.g. groupers or coral trout and moray eels)https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.0040431https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms2781https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(14)00885-9https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/phenomena/2013/04/24/groupers-use-gestures-to-recruit-morays-for-hunting-team-ups/[Ask the Science Couch]Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of pollutants in the food web (including humans)https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/feature-story/toxic-killer-whaleshttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969722022549  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10212926/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412021002671https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-013-1722-xhttps://www.acs.org/pressroom/tiny-matters/plastic-micro-plastic-everywhere-what-does-it-do-and-why-should-we-care.htmlPatreon bonus: Sharks have cartilaginous skeletons https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557576/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0944200606000080?via%3Dihubhttps://magazine.scienceconnected.org/2015/12/preserving-soft-skeleton-backs-without-bones/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jfb.14444https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/221/24/jeb188318/20570/Mechanical-behavior-of-shark-vertebral-centra-at[Butt One More Thing]Coprolites show that Smok wawelski (an archosaur from the Late Triassic) was eating boneshttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-37540-4https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/838032

For those who want a megadose of Tangents shenanigans, this compilation is for you! In the many seasons of Tangents we've covered lots of interconnected topics, and now you can listen to them back-to-back like the best podcast many-feature ever. This compilation has been handcrafted from premium ingredients, sifted and whisked together with care, and baked to podcast easy listening perfection. Bon Appetite! Original episodes: S1 E5 - Eggs, original airdate: December 11, 2018 S2 E18 - Sugar, original airdate: March 10, 2020 S2 E26 - Salt, original airdate: May 5, 2020 S2 E38 - Milk, original airdate: August 18, 2020 S3 E44 - Yeast, original airdate: January 18, 2022 Sources for each episode can be found in the descriptions of the original episodes. Want more SciShow Tangents? Check out hundreds more episodes of our podcast here: https://scishow-tangents.simplecast.com, or wherever you get your podcasts! Head to https://www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to find great SciShow Tangents merch! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen

From our episode on Sweat, here's Ceri's brilliant rendition of "Why Do We Sweat?" This song is a parody of Rusted Root's "Send Me On My Way."Lyrics: Ceri RileyMusic: Joseph "Tuna" Metesh

Some are itchy, some are painful, some go totally unnoticed by us every single day...bugs have such variety in the ways they chomp, some chomps aren't even from bug mouths, but from bug butts! Join us while we debate, query, and learn all we can about the wide world of bug bites.SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[This, That, or the Other: These Ouches Are No Slouches]https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cla.12103https://www.press.jhu.edu/books/title/10878/sting-wild[Trivia Question]Size of giant toe-biting water bugs found in Cyprushttps://travaux.pensoft.net/article/94457/https://www.livescience.com/animals/insects/giant-toe-biter-water-bugs-discovered-in-cyprus-for-the-1st-timehttps://blog.abchomeandcommercial.com/do-water-bugs-bite/https://cyprus-mail.com/2024/03/20/massive-bug-sighted-keep-your-toes-out-of-the-water/[Fact Off]Epomis beetle larvae and adults eat frogs as role-reversal predatorshttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0025161Bumble bees bite plant leaves to make them flower earlyhttps://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aay0496https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bumblebees-bite-plants-to-force-them-to-flower-seriously/https://wisconsinbumblebees.entomology.wisc.edu/about-bumble-bees/life-cycle-and-development/https://academic.oup.com/jxb/article/67/17/4925/2197656[Ask the Science Couch]Causes of itchiness and how calamine lotion / zinc oxide workshttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4862869/https://www.cuimc.columbia.edu/news/how-stop-bug-bites-itchinghttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9532860/https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02090/fullhttps://jsstd.org/calamine-lotion/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4120804/Patreon bonus: Bugs with big mandibles or bite marks (even if they rarely bite humans)https://pukaha.org.nz/the-wacky-world-of-new-zealand-weta/https://newzealandecology.org/nzje/2995https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/stag-beetles.htmlhttps://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/217/7/1065/13119/Biomechanical-determinants-of-bite-forcehttps://www.nps.gov/articles/giant-water-bug.htm[Butt One More Thing]Beaded lacewing (Lomamyia latipennis) larvae paralyze termites with farts before eating themhttps://www.wired.com/2015/06/silent-deadly-fatal-farts-immobilize-prey/https://www.nature.com/articles/289506a0

Woo boy! It's hot out there, why don't ya grab a nice glass of ice cold lemonade and listen in on everything you did and didn't want to learn about sweat. Are humans the sweatiest of them all? Do fish sweat? What lives in the ecosystem between two people holding hands for the first time? What is it all even for!??SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! Sources: [Truth or Fail]Sweat sucking spiders supplementing salts Polar bears follow sweaty paw paths in search for loveA new bacteria-infecting cure for extra stinky sweaty feet [Trivia Question]NASA's ECOSTRESS measures evapotranspiration aka plant sweatinghttps://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/ecosystem-spaceborne-thermal-radiometer-experiment-on-space-station-ecostresshttps://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/watching-plants-water-use-is-no-sweat-for-ecostress[Fact Off]Charles Blagden experiments with “super-sauna” that cooked steak but made humans sweathttps://publicdomainreview.org/collection/experiments-and-observations-in-a-heated-room-1774/https://www.jstor.org/stable/106218?seq=1https://royalsociety.org/about-us/who-we-are/history/Antiperspirant made with propylene glycol that evaporates your sweat before it leaves the ducts [Ask the Science Couch]Non-water stuff in eccrine sweat (salt, urea, hormones, etc.)https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6773238/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12817713/https://www.penn.museum/sites/bulletin/1733/https://ontarioarchaeology.org/wp-content/uploads/oa048-02_macdonald.pdfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5941775/Patreon bonus: Effects of stress/emotion on sweat composition and smellhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-2494.2007.00387.xhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9518869/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9246182/[Butt One More Thing]Treating hyperhidrosis in the perianal region with botoxhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8436621/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11172190/ 

This summer's hottest North American bug is without question, the cicada. They've got everything: neon-colored wing veins, bendy-straw-style exoskeletons, an insatiable thirst for tree goo, and after 17 years of napping, they're bursting out of the ground ready to par-tay!SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[This or That: Cicadas or the Beatles]https://www.science.org/content/article/secret-cicadas-chirphttps://cicadas.uconn.edu/behavior/https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/698019Algorithm to measure song changes over timehttps://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/500262https://www.science.org/content/article/computer-charts-evolution-beatlesTest signals in fiber optic cableshttps://entomologytoday.org/2023/12/04/broadband-buzz-periodical-cicadas-chorus-measured-fiber-optic-cables/https://academic.oup.com/jinsectscience/article/23/6/3/7425398?login=falseFemale flies responding to songshttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4932889/https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/science/cicadas-are-the-barry-white-of-the-insect-world/Eroom's Law principle related to drug developmenthttps://www.science.org/content/blog-post/eroom-s-lawhttps://iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bmb.21617https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eroom%27s_law[Trivia Question]Bird hunting caterpillars on emergence and non-emergence yearshttps://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adi7426https://www.vox.com/down-to-earth/24148209/cicadas-2024-periodical-brood-eat-ecosystem-impact[Fact Off]Brown bears digging up cicada nymphs in Japanese human-planted forestshttps://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/handle/2115/86161https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/10.1139/cjz-2020-0222https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ecy.4266https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1036064Cicadas pee in a very mammal-like streamhttps://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-cicadas-power-spray-their-pee/[Ask the Science Couch]Cicada sound production using the tymbal, stridulation, or wing impactshttps://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_4279https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/198/4/1001/6996/The-Role-of-the-Tymbal-in-Cicada-Sound-Productionhttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0118554https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/151/1/41/5697/Do-Cicadas-Radiate-Sound-through-their-Ear-DrumsPatreon bonus: Periodical cicadas emerge after 13 or 17 (prime numbers) yearshttps://www.jstor.org/stable/2406585https://www.livescience.com/14238-southern-cicadas-emerge-exact-prime-number-cycles.htmlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2690011/https://cicadas.uconn.edu/[Butt One More Thing]Cicada nymph anal liquid is adhesive and mucus-likehttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0044523104700686https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B2rax3CKoj8

It wouldn't be Pride at Tangents if we weren't getting into some science! We're joined by Owen Ever and Laine Kaplan-Levenson, the hosts of a new show from news outlet Canadaland called "Field Guide to Gay Animals." Our conversation ranged far and wide across a myriad of ways queerness is expressed in the animal world and the challenges and joys of studying it. SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscriber Garth Riley for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreenSources:[Truth or Fail Express]Sequentially hermaphroditic shrimphttps://sites.lsa.umich.edu/eeblog/2020/12/01/sequential-hermaphroditism-or-why-to-be-wary-of-frog-dna/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/oceans-rising-acidity-could-impact-shrimps-early-sex-reversal-180972521/https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0218238https://www.researchgate.net/publication/355179232_Protandric_Transcriptomes_to_Uncover_Parts_of_the_Crustacean_Sex-Differentiation_PuzzleNudibranch with male and female sex organshttps://www.livescience.com/27065-sea-slug-uses-disposable-penis.htmlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3639767/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10164-018-0562-z?wtSparrows with white or tan stripes and functionally four gendershttps://www.audubon.org/news/the-fascinating-and-complicated-sex-lives-white-throated-sparrowshttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7725849/[This or That: Bird or Bug?]Male-male duo that dances together to attract a mate (blue-backed manakin)https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51171525#page/225/mode/1uphttps://academic.oup.com/beheco/article/18/1/21/209396Male-male pair that takes over a male-female pair's nest (Japanese termites)https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/680968https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003347216301233Mating-related injuries on both male and female specimens (dragonflies)https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16252041#page/48/mode/1up[Ask the Science Couch]History of sexual diversity in animals documented or not in zoology (e.g. Adelie penguins)https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/195/1/1/6568055https://www.penguinscience.com/reprints/10%20Russell.pdfhttp://www.italian-journal-of-mammalogy.it/pdf-77304-13455?filename=Same_sex%20sexual%20behaviour.pdf[Butt One More Thing]Aristotle's History of Animals mentions female pigeons laying wind-eggs after same-sex sexual behaviorhttps://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/history_anim.6.vi.htmlhttps://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/found-an-egg-with-no-yolk

It's all right there on the tin - this episode is BANANAS. And not just because we have the most guests we've ever had in Tangents history. Not even just because one of them is a super special surprise RETURN friend of the pod. And not even because we check out some flowers that are way more uncomfortable to look at than you think. No, this episode is bananas because we're talking about (you guessed it) bananas!SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! [Truth or Fail Express]Banana peel pastahttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844022023325https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/08/220809141224.htmBanana peel perfume adherenthttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360132323007679https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85021229177&origin=inward&txGid=4b400d048de28231cfb5cce2c0ee924aBanana peel water filtrationhttps://www.acs.org/pressroom/presspacs/2011/acs-presspac-april-13-2011/banana-peels-get-a-second-life-as-water-purifier.htmlhttps://www.livescience.com/13276-banana-peels-filter-toxic-metals.htmlhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/ie101499e[This or That: Yellow or Not Yellow?]Banana fiddler crabhttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00265-020-02899-wImage: https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/753425Image: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Austruca_mjoebergi_coenobita.jpgBanana galaxies https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.15232Nokia 8110 aka the “banana phone” https://www.mobilephonemuseum.com/phone-detail/nokia-8110https://www.mobilephonemuseum.com/phone-detail/hmd-global-nokia-8110-4gImage: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nokia_8110.jpgImage of 4G: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nokia_8110_4G.png[Ask the Science Couch]Commercial banana cultivar genetics and Fusarium wilt or other disease riskshttps://academic.oup.com/jxb/article-abstract/4/1/87/588827https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0154448https://journals.ashs.org/horttech/view/journals/horttech/31/6/article-p838.xmlhttps://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/01/11/462375558/our-favorite-banana-may-be-doomed-can-new-varieties-replace-ithttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-017-01670-6[Butt One More Thing]Honey bee alarm pheromones contain the banana flavor isoamyl acetatehttps://www.nature.com/articles/1951018b0https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2017.2653

It may seem like cloning really only shows up regularly in science fiction, but it turns out, it's been a sneaky, significant real-world process for a super long time! In this episode we learn about cloning found in nature, labs, and...this very podcast??SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! [Truth or Fail]Crayfish that's been cloning itself might help us study prion diseaseshttps://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/05/science/mutant-crayfish-clones-europe.htmlhttps://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/904708Scientists envision a new insect repellant while cloning hemlock treeshttps://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/801445Athlete's foot fungus rejects sex for cloninghttps://today.duke.edu/2018/02/toenail-fungus-gives-sex-infect-human-hostshttps://academic.oup.com/genetics/article/208/4/1657/6084243https://gizmodo.com/the-fungi-that-cause-athletes-foot-have-given-up-on-sex-1823265768[Trivia Question]First cloned cat, which was named Copy Cathttps://vetmed.tamu.edu/news/press-releases/texas-am-says-goodbye-to-cc-worlds-first-cloned-cat/https://www.npr.org/2020/03/08/813384347/remembering-cc-the-cloned-cat[Fact Off]Electric ant queens and males sexually reproduce but actually like two different clonal speciesA 34-member “twin study” with Amazon molly fish cloneshttps://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1009151https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-43069-6https://phys.org/news/2021-02-defeating-enemy-evolution-clone-fish.htmlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4919929/https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/twins-study/about/[Ask the Science Couch]Cross-species cloning and back-breeding as de-extinction strategieshttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK223960/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4157387/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC521203/https://lsspjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/2195-7819-10-3https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/article/species-revival-bringing-back-extinct-animalshttps://www.fws.gov/press-release/2021-02/genetic-research-boosts-black-footed-ferret-conservation-efforts[Butt One More Thing]Portuguese man o' war is a colony of zooid clones, including gastrozooids for digesting (and maybe pooping)https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-51842-1https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/portuguese-man-o-war.html

Humanity is bound together by so many qualities, and in this episode, we add Being Goopy to the list. What does that have to do with glue? A whole lot, it turns out - cue some ominous foreshadowing....Memento goopy! SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! [Secret Ingredient]Fibers mixed with water to make adhesive https://academic.oup.com/pnasnexus/article/1/1/pgac026/6549457https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/945194Adhesive inspired by animal proteinhttps://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/945194https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.1c10936Chinese bricks made with gluey substancehttps://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/chinese-architecturehttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/eem2.12143[Trivia Question]Year that the first adhesive stamp Penny Black was mailedhttps://www.sothebys.com/en/articles/how-a-single-postage-stamp-birthed-the-information-agehttps://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/first-piece-of-mail-sent-using-a-stamp-auction-180983619/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/the-story-of-the-first-postage-stamp-14931961/[Fact Off]Reversible glue made with caffeic acid exposed to certain UV light wavelengths Blood albumin glue used in plywood and pre-plastic resin objectshttps://extension.purdue.edu/extmedia/FNR/FNR-154.pdfhttps://foodeng.wisc.edu/images/publications/2010-9.pdfhttps://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/fluidsengineering/article-abstract/54/11/15/1162589/Blood-Albumin-and-the-Woodworking-Industry?redirectedFrom=PDFhttps://plastiquarian.com/?page_id=14216[Ask the Science Couch]How glue adhesion/cohesion works and why glue (sometimes) doesn't cure in the bottlehttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01182#https://www.uhu.com/en-en/glue-advice/adhesive-typeshttps://d-lab.mit.edu/sites/default/files/inline-files/D-Lab_Learn-It_Adhesives_Jul13.pdfhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0143749618300575https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/CT07137[Butt One More Thing]Fibrin glue used to help seal anal fistulashttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12682544/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1782483/

No, your eyes and ears don't deceive you - this is, in fact, a super special cross-feed treat from our friends over at Crash Course in the form of the first episode of their brand new show, "Crash Course Pods: The Universe." Hosted by novelist John Green and astrophysicist Dr. Katie Mack, "The Universe" is a podcast about the history of the entire universe, from its explosive beginnings to its mysterious, but inevitable, end. In this first episode Dr. Mack walks John through the Big Bang and the very first micro-moments of the universe, and some of the ways that that ancient event is actually still connected to us, here, today. It's great, we really like it, we're really proud of the Crash Course team, and we thought you guys would also really enjoy the show! So to make it easy, we put the entire first episode right here! The rest of John and Dr. Mack's conversation will cover 11 episodes airing every other week on the Crash Course YouTube channel at youtube.com/crashcourse or wherever you get your podcasts. Give it a listen, and we hope you enjoy!

We do a lot of learning on Tangents, so naturally, we've got questions about what learning looks like...for machines! AI and machine learning science communicator Jordan Harrod (https://www.youtube.com/@jordanharrod) lends her expertise to this episode as we definitely for sure learn all there is to know and will ever need to be known about machine learning, algorithms, and AI. Definitely we got all of it, everyone.SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! [Truth or Fail Express]Racoon-inspired algorithmhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8552661Dolphin-inspired algorithmPelican-inspired algorithm[Trivia Question]Using machine learning to measure plant vibration and sounds when they experience stress https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)00262-3https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/plants-make-noises-when-stressed-study-finds-180981920/[Fact Off]Lenna (an image of a Playboy model) used as the standard for digital image processinghttps://www.404media.co/lena-test-image-ieee-policy/Tricking speech recognition systems with “neural voice camouflage”https://www.engineering.columbia.edu/news/block-smartphone-microphone-speech-recognition-spyinghttps://web.stanford.edu/~jurafsky/slp3/16.pdfhttps://arxiv.org/pdf/2112.07076.pdfhttps://www.vox.com/2018/7/20/17594074/phone-spying-wiretap-microphone-smartphone-northeastern-dave-choffnes-christo-wilson-kara-swisherhttps://gizmodo.com/these-academics-spent-the-last-year-testing-whether-you-1826961188[Ask the Science Couch]AI image generator mistakes (hands, feet, teeth) and how they work (diffusion models)https://www.sciencefocus.com/future-technology/why-ai-generated-hands-are-the-stuff-of-nightmares-explained-by-a-scientisthttps://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/pranavdixit/ai-generated-art-hands-fingers-messed-uphttps://hai.stanford.edu/news/what-dall-e-reveals-about-human-creativityhttps://proceedings.mlr.press/v37/sohl-dickstein15.pdf[Butt One More Thing]Training machine learning models (convolutional neural networks) to classify poop imageshttps://arxiv.org/pdf/1903.10578.pdfhttps://journals.lww.com/ajg/abstract/2022/07000/a_smartphone_application_using_artificial.24.aspxhttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33275399/Anal Recognition Paperhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41551-020-0534-9

Devotees of the testudines rejoice! Whether you have one as a pet, admire them at the zoo, or giggle with the rest of the internet when they rock each other off logs, chances are high, we think, that you like turtles. We like turtles! And conveniently for us, turtle science is also extremely cool, so this was basically an ideal episode to make. Enjoy!SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! [Truth or Fail]Fossilized turtle poop showing green algae feast sitehttps://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/995472https://www.science.org/content/article/sea-turtles-have-3000-year-old-routinesCrushing of fossilized turtle shells shows burial site agehttps://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/26/science/turtle-shells-fossils-paleontology.htmlhttps://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geosphere/article/18/5/1524/616297/Crushed-turtle-shells-Proxies-for-lithificationTurtle fossil was actually a plant fossilhttps://www.livescience.com/animals/120-million-year-old-plants-turn-out-to-be-ultra-rare-fossilized-baby-turtles[Trivia Question]Speed of a sand-digging robot modeled after a turtle hatchlinghttps://today.ucsd.edu/story/bot-inspired-by-baby-turtles-can-swim-under-the-sand-1https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/aisy.202200404[Fact Off]Chinese soft-shelled turtles (basically) pee out their mouthshttps://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/215/21/3723/19178/The-Chinese-soft-shelled-turtle-Pelodiscushttps://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/10/121011090643.htmhttps://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/aohc/63/2/63_2_181/_articlehttps://theconversation.com/no-overwintering-turtles-dont-breathe-through-their-butts-getting-to-the-bottom-of-a-popular-misconception-224331Microplastics in sand mess with sea turtle sex ratioshttps://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/06/230623210244.htm#:~:text=Warmer%20temperatures%20are%20known%20to,before%20their%20sex%20is%20set.https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/temperature-dependent.html#:~:text=This%20is%20called%20temperature%2Ddependent,the%20hatchlings%20will%20be%20female.[Ask the Science Couch]Turtle communication and vocalizationhttps://anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ar.24553https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-14356-3https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-33741-8 https://gizmodo.com/jurassic-parks-dinosaur-sound-effects-were-actually-ani-5994278https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2023/01/06/turtles-eat-south-america/[Butt One More Thing]Collecting loggerhead sea turtle fecal samples by making them custom swimsuits https://www.uq.edu.au/news/article/2015/10/sea-turtles-don-swimsuits-sciencePictures: https://www.flickr.com/photos/37175871@N06/albums/72157659326105212/

From expressing ourselves through fashion to protecting ourselves from the elements, textiles seem to be self-evidently significant to the human experience. But it's our goal on Tangents to always poke holes in the obvious, tear through distraction, and weave humor with knowledge - and the facts this episode will blow your cotton-poly blend socks off.SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! [Truth or Fail Express]Fabric shoe sole tariffhttps://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/23/business/economy/columbia-sportswear-trump-trade-war.htmlhttps://www.bbc.com/news/business-45875405https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/this-is-why-your-converse-sneakers-have-felt-on-the-bottom-6016648/Water-soluble fiber to prove original Finnish textilehttps://www.perniaspopupshop.com/encyclopedia/karnataka/mysore-silkhttps://www.ksicsilk.com/Home/Abouthttps://news.mit.edu/2023/fiber-barcodes-can-make-clothing-labels-that-last-0321Wool Acts: burial shroud requirementshttps://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/england-wool-burial-shroudshttps://nursingclio.org/2020/05/21/weaving-wool-into-death-burial-in-17th-century-england/https://www.hungerfordvirtualmuseum.co.uk/?view=article&id=961&catid=10[Trivia Question]“Cappers Act” of 1571 in England required males to wear woolen capshttps://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/81552https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/minor-british-institutions-the-flat-cap-1926708.htmlhttps://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O124661/cap/cap-unknown/?print=1[Fact Off]Indigenous Aymara weavers and pediatric cardiologists co-created a medical textile for congenital heart defectshttps://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2674640https://edhub.ama-assn.org/jn-learning/video-player/16238899https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10329454/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3379209/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470160/https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/cardiac-catheterizationhttps://www.ted.com/talks/franz_freudenthal_a_new_way_to_heal_hearts_without_surgery/transcriptCreating experimental antimicrobial underwear for astronauts or space laundry machineshttps://www.livescience.com/astronauts-shared-underwear-upgrade.htmlhttps://www.cnet.com/science/astronauts-share-spacesuit-underwear-but-keeping-it-clean-is-a-challenge/https://phys.org/news/2021-05-spacesuit-underwear.htmlhttps://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2009/07/space_age_underwear_that_can_b.htmlhttps://www.iflscience.com/space-laundry-how-will-astronauts-keep-their-underwear-clean-on-the-moon-70058https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/nasa-teams-tide-do-laundry-space-180978067/https://apnews.com/article/laundry-wash-clothes-space-station-nasa-5a7f2795150f7dce81581cfb82cdd1f7[Ask the Science Couch]History of knitting machineshttps://invention.si.edu/knitting-stockings-machinehttp://www.nottsheritagegateway.org.uk/people/frameworkknitters.htmCrochet vs. knit stitcheshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jecATRwHQP8https://akaspar.pages.cba.mit.edu/textiles-recitation/background.htmlCrocheting hyperbolic space modelshttps://www.ams.org/publicoutreach/math-imagery/taiminahttps://www.cabinetmagazine.org/issues/16/wertheim_henderson_taimina.phphttps://www.theiff.org/oexhibits/oe1e.html[Butt One More Thing]Art project that extracted cellulose from cow manure to make a semi-synthetic fabrichttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014181302300404Xhttps://www.huffpost.com/entry/poop-clothing_n_58e7d6f0e4b058f0a02efa77https://jalilaessaidi.com/cowmanure/While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen

It may be well-known that hope is the thing with feathers, but how much is known about feathers themselves? Turns out, plenty! From shrub grouses to shuttlecocks and all the pea-babies (diminutive for peacocks, definitely for sure) in between, come soar on the delightfully complex wings of knowledge with us!SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen [Truth or Fail]Dermestid beetles on dino feather in amberhttps://www.science.org/content/article/feathered-dinosaurs-discoveredhttps://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/986124https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/lice-filled-dinosaur-feathers-found-trapped-100-million-year-old-amber-180973727/https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/dermestid-beetles-feasted-on-dinosaur-feathersBadminton shuttlecock dino-birdie https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/dinosaurs-ancient-fossils/liaoning-diorama/a-feathered-tyranthttps://australian.museum/learn/dinosaurs/fact-sheets/dilong-paradoxus/https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1030468Roboduck with dino feathershttps://www.audubon.org/news/new-aquatic-dinosaur-find-strange-and-startling-avian-hodgepodgehttps://www.newscientist.com/article/2414147-dinosaurs-evolved-feathers-to-scare-prey-suggests-robot-experiment/https://arstechnica.com/science/2024/02/robo-dinosaur-scares-grasshoppers-to-shed-light-on-why-dinos-evolved-feathers/[Trivia Question]Speed of peacock tail feather shaking to signal interest to mateshttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0152759https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0207247https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/12/peacock-crests-are-vibration-sensors/578656/https://gizmodo.com/the-physics-of-peacock-tail-feathers-is-even-more-dazzl-1772653586[Fact Off]Turning waste chicken feathers into a flavorless, edible meat pastehttps://ourworldindata.org/grapher/animals-slaughtered-for-meat?time=latesthttps://phys.org/news/2017-09-bird-feathers-food.htmlhttps://lup.lub.lu.se/luur/download?func=downloadFile&recordOId=9055668&fileOId=9055675https://www.thechemicalengineer.com/news/lund-team-turns-chicken-feathers-into-food/https://www.rechargenews.com/energy-transition/chicken-feathers-can-help-generate-clean-energy-say-researchers/2-1-1539841?zephr_sso_ott=oZW4DrMale sandgrouse belly feathers soak up water to carry back to their babieshttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsif.2022.0878https://academic.oup.com/condor/article/69/4/323/5229138https://ebird.org/species/namsan1[Ask the Science Couch]Feather growth and development (and altricial vs. precocial baby birds)https://academy.allaboutbirds.org/feathers-article/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4380223/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6917565/[Butt One More Thing]Fright molt: losing tail feathers as an antipredator adaptationhttps://academic.oup.com/beheco/article/17/6/1046/319763

Trash, rubbish, waste, refuse...we have a lot of words for the gunk that goes on the truck, because whether we like it or not, humans make a lot of garbage. Get comfy with some grossness as we root around in garbage's past, present, and future. We're all on a path, you guys!SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreenGarbage[The Scientific Definition]Neptune ballsLaser broomWishcycling[Trivia Question]Eugene Poubelle garbage can ordinance in Francehttps://www.connexionfrance.com/article/Mag/French-Facts/Dustbins-are-named-after-French-recycling-innovatorhttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/poubellehttps://doodles.google/doodle/eugene-poubelles-190th-birthday/[Fact Off]Sulfur-crested cockatoos opening garbage cans because of social learninghttps://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abe7808https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/963482https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(22)01285-4Hermit crabs are using plastic trash as shellshttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969723075885https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/hermit-crabs-using-trash-as-shells-across-the-world-scientists-find-180983701/[Ask the Science Couch]Waste-to-energy methods: power plants/incineration, gasification, landfill gas, anaerobic digestionhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652617317316?via%3Dihubhttps://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/biomass/waste-to-energy-in-depth.phphttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780857090119500090https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5530419https://www.epa.gov/lmop/basic-information-about-landfill-gashttps://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2804https://www.epa.gov/agstar/how-does-anaerobic-digestion-work[Butt One More Thing]Poop composition of gull flocks that eat garbage from landfillshttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004313541730489X?via%3Dihubhttps://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/558545  

Oops, all science this episode! Erstwhile editorial assistant Deboki Chakravarti steps in for erstwhile everyman Sam Schultz as we parse through fundamental puzzles about humanity: what makes us, us, and if it is hormones, does that make us cocktails or cauldrons?SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreenHormones[Truth or Fail]https://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/news/trust-hormone-oxytocin-helps-old-muscle-work-new-study-finds[Trivia Question]Hormone-injected Judas goats to kill invasive species in Project Isabellahttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3092746/https://modernfarmer.com/2013/09/killing-goats-galapagos/[Fact Off]Bones make osteocalcin, which might be a hormone involved in stress reactionshttps://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(19)30441-3https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6335246/https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1008361https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1008714Chrononutrition and breast milk hormones training babies' circadian rhythms[Ask the Science Couch]Hormones (vs. neurotransmitters) and how they affect emotions Serotoninhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545168/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5864293/ Testosteronehttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033318213001333?via%3Dihubhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/andr.12867 Estrogenhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3753111/https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/210086 Thyroidhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7612998/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378512215006064 Puberty in generalhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5192018/https://journals.publishing.umich.edu/umurj/article/id/1383/[Butt One More Thing]Golden spiny mice poop hormones show that they've evolved to be nocturnal (even though they can be diurnal)https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0023446

It's the long-awaited cheese-stravaganza! And it's every bit as melty, crumbly, stretchy, and stinky as hoped for. We dip into some fetamology, we stretch our nokkeledge of cheese applications, and we unwrap the shocking tartrutho about a cheese we thought we knew!**The real cheese names I butchered into puns: feta, nokkelost, tartuffo. All delicious, go try some!SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[The Scientific Definition]Cornish Yarg's rindPule animal milkEmmental cheese surroundings[Trivia Question]One of the oldest unopened cans of Cougar Gold cheesehttps://archive.news.wsu.edu/news/2010/08/14/oldest-cougar-gold-cracked-open-still-tasty/https://creamery.wsu.edu/about-us/history/[Fact Off]Using cheese to study the neuroscience of disgust because it's not dangerous/unethicalhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5065955/https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/psychology/disgusthttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687907/Environmental remediation in Emeryville, CA using cottage cheese whey[Ask the Science Couch]“Addictive” qualities of cheese (contextualizing casomorphin and the endogenous opioid system)https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0117959https://www.acs.org/molecule-of-the-week/archive/b/bovine-beta-casomorphin-7.htmlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8345738/https://efsa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.2903/j.efsa.2009.231rhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10486734/[Butt One More Thing]Cheese mites are pests but also delicacies in Mimolette and Milbenkäsehttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030210003644https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10493-016-0040-7https://microbialfoods.org/microbe-guide-cheese-mites/

The question plaguing us this episode is, how dark can it really get? Turns out (according to some), not that dark! Unless you're at the bottom of the ocean or floating in the all too-eerie void of deep space, you're always gonna have some photons hitting your face. (I'm pretty sure I accidentally stole this rhyme right out of Hank's poem, but you'll just have to listen to know for sure...) SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[The Gauntlet]Next December 23rd winter solsticeSOLAR spacecraft went down Reorientation of sun instrument23.5°S latitude alternate nameTapetum lucidum colorHormone in darknessFamous winter solstice sunlight site[Trivia Question]Last December 23rd winter solsticehttps://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/december-solstice.html[Fact Off]Carrots can help you make rhodopsin but not improve night visionhttps://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/do-carrots-help-you-see-in-the-darkhttps://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/do-carrots-really-help-you-see-in-the-darkhttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10484191/https://www.livescience.com/carrots-see-in-the-dark.htmlhttps://www.scientificamerican.com/article/fact-or-fiction-carrots-improve-your-vision/Dogs are more likely to steal food disobediently when it's dark https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10071-012-0579-6https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/02/130211090840.htmhttps://researchportal.port.ac.uk/en/persons/juliane-kaminski/publications/[Butt One More Thing]English words for excrement collectors (gong farmer, night soil men) https://www.oed.com/dictionary/night-soil_n?tab=etymologyhttps://www.oed.com/dictionary/gong-farmer_n?tab=meaning_and_use#992848879https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/when-american-cities-were-full-of-craphttps://ojs.ethnobiology.org/index.php/ebl/article/view/1351/705

In this not-so-chill episode, everybody gets a little unsettled by the concepts around refrigeration. Quantum computers, thermoacoustics, molecular chemistry, elephants, the phantom letter "d" that gets added to the shortening of refrigeration...it's all just. So much.SciShow Tangents is on YouTube! Go to www.youtube.com/scishowtangents to check out this episode with the added bonus of seeing our faces! Head to www.patreon.com/SciShowTangents to find out how you can help support SciShow Tangents, and see all the cool perks you'll get in return, like bonus episodes and a monthly newsletter! A big thank you to Patreon subscribers Garth Riley and Glenn Trewitt for helping to make the show possible!And go to https://store.dftba.com/collections/scishow-tangents to buy some great Tangents merch!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we'll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! While you're at it, check out the Tangents crew on Twitter: Ceri: @ceriley Sam: @im_sam_schultz Hank: @hankgreen[This or That: Fridge or Not Fridge]Ballpoint-pen-sized device with twisted nickel-titanium and waterCredit-card-sized device plugged into your phone with lithium bromideTwo large metal balls with ammonia and water[Trivia Question]Frigidaire had an elephant stand on their refrigerator as a strength testhttps://www.mentalfloss.com/article/75945/15-icy-cool-facts-about-refrigerationhttps://www.coloradohistoricnewspapers.org/cgi-bin/colorado?a=d&d=STP19390511.2.109&e=-------en-20--1--img-txIN%7ctxCO%7ctxTA--------0------[Fact Off]Dilution refrigeration and ultra-cold LEGOshttps://nanoscience.oxinst.com/assets/uploads/NanoScience/Brochures/Principles%20of%20dilution%20refrigeration_Sept15.pdfhttps://twist.phys.virginia.edu/work/Formal_Paper.pdfhttps://www.lancaster.ac.uk/news/the-coolest-lego-in-the-universehttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-55616-7#Fig1https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a30337510/lego-bricks-heat-tolerance-quantum-computer/Thermoacoustic refrigeration and the James Webb Space Telescope[Ask the Science Couch]Freezer smells and dehydration/oxidation affecting food tastehttps://extension.umn.edu/preserving-and-preparing/science-freezing-foodshttps://extension.psu.edu/understanding-the-process-of-freezinghttps://theconversation.com/heres-why-your-freezer-smells-so-bad-and-what-you-can-do-about-it-203058https://www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/safe-food-handling-and-preparation/emergencies/removing-odors-refrigerators-and[Butt One More Thing]USB drive found in volunteer-collected frozen leopard seal poophttps://niwa.co.nz/news/they-were-defrosting-leopard-seal-pooyou-wont-believe-what-happened-nexthttps://www.leopardseals.org/scat-poo-collection/