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2 episodes with Arnold Kriegstein
2 episodes with Arnold Kriegstein
2 episodes with Arnold Kriegstein
2 episodes with Arnold Kriegstein
2 episodes with Arnold Kriegstein
2 episodes with Arnold Kriegstein
Arnold Kriegstein, MD, PhD presents his paper as published in the January 29, 2020 issue of Nature Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 35457]
Arnold Kriegstein, MD, PhD presents his paper as published in the January 29, 2020 issue of Nature Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 35457]
Arnold Kriegstein, MD, PhD presents his paper as published in the January 29, 2020 issue of Nature Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 35457]
Arnold Kriegstein, MD, PhD presents his paper as published in the January 29, 2020 issue of Nature Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 35457]
Arnold Kriegstein, MD, PhD presents his paper as published in the January 29, 2020 issue of Nature Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 35457]
Arnold Kriegstein, MD, PhD presents his paper as published in the January 29, 2020 issue of Nature Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 35457]
Arnold Kriegstein, MD, PhD presents his paper as published in the January 29, 2020 issue of Nature Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 35457]
Arnold Kriegstein, MD, PhD presents his paper as published in the January 29, 2020 issue of Nature Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 35457]
In his second talk, Kriegstein provides an overview of the use of cerebral organoids to study brain development and disease. Cerebral organoids are models that can be produced from induced pluripotent stem cells. Although organoids can contain the same broad categories of cell types found in the brain, organoids lack the structural, layer-like organization observed in the primary tissue. In addition, the gene expression profile is different between organoids and primary brain tissue. Nevertheless, although organoids do not reproduce all of the features of a developing human cortex, organoids can be a powerful model to study neuronal diseases and evolution, particularly when studying cells that cannot be found in animal models (e.g. oRG cells) or when scientists do not have access to primary brain tissue.
In his second talk, Kriegstein provides an overview of the use of cerebral organoids to study brain development and disease. Cerebral organoids are models that can be produced from induced pluripotent stem cells. Although organoids can contain the same broad categories of cell types found in the brain, organoids lack the structural, layer-like organization observed in the primary tissue. In addition, the gene expression profile is different between organoids and primary brain tissue. Nevertheless, although organoids do not reproduce all of the features of a developing human cortex, organoids can be a powerful model to study neuronal diseases and evolution, particularly when studying cells that cannot be found in animal models (e.g. oRG cells) or when scientists do not have access to primary brain tissue.
How do neurons develop to confer humans their unique brain functions? Dr. Arnold Kriegstein compares and contrasts the development of neurons from radial glial cells (RGCs) in mice and humans. In mice, RGCs give rise to most of the central nervous system’s neurons and glia and provide scaffolding for neurons to migrate. In contrast, human RGCs give rise to a unique set of cells, the outer subventricular zone radial glia (oRG) cells, which divide via mitotic somal translocation (MST). The oRG cells predominantly produce and guide the migration of the upper layer cortical neurons. Although rodents have oRG-like cells, these cells are more abundant in humans, and contribute to the large size of the human brain and possibly its unique function.
How do neurons develop to confer humans their unique brain functions? Dr. Arnold Kriegstein compares and contrasts the development of neurons from radial glial cells (RGCs) in mice and humans. In mice, RGCs give rise to most of the central nervous system's neurons and glia and provide scaffolding for neurons to migrate. In contrast, human RGCs give rise to a unique set of cells, the outer subventricular zone radial glia (oRG) cells, which divide via mitotic somal translocation (MST). The oRG cells predominantly produce and guide the migration of the upper layer cortical neurons. Although rodents have oRG-like cells, these cells are more abundant in humans, and contribute to the large size of the human brain and possibly its unique function.
CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (Audio)
Exploring cellular features of human brain development that are not represented in animal models and may reflect human or primate-specific evolutionary adaptations and how they also provide a roadmap for interpreting laboratory models of human brain development and evolution. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 32972]
Exploring cellular features of human brain development that are not represented in animal models and may reflect human or primate-specific evolutionary adaptations and how they also provide a roadmap for interpreting laboratory models of human brain development and evolution. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 32972]
CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (Video)
Exploring cellular features of human brain development that are not represented in animal models and may reflect human or primate-specific evolutionary adaptations and how they also provide a roadmap for interpreting laboratory models of human brain development and evolution. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 32972]
Exploring cellular features of human brain development that are not represented in animal models and may reflect human or primate-specific evolutionary adaptations and how they also provide a roadmap for interpreting laboratory models of human brain development and evolution. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 32972]
Exploring cellular features of human brain development that are not represented in animal models and may reflect human or primate-specific evolutionary adaptations and how they also provide a roadmap for interpreting laboratory models of human brain development and evolution. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 32972]
Exploring cellular features of human brain development that are not represented in animal models and may reflect human or primate-specific evolutionary adaptations and how they also provide a roadmap for interpreting laboratory models of human brain development and evolution. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 32972]
The human brain is one of, if not the most important factor that distinguishes our species from all others. Three experts explore the use of stem cells in understanding the primate brain, genes that guided the evolution of the human brain, and the features that enabled the expansion of human neural characteristics. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 32927]
The human brain is one of, if not the most important factor that distinguishes our species from all others. Three experts explore the use of stem cells in understanding the primate brain, genes that guided the evolution of the human brain, and the features that enabled the expansion of human neural characteristics. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 32927]
The human brain is one of, if not the most important factor that distinguishes our species from all others. Three experts explore the use of stem cells in understanding the primate brain, genes that guided the evolution of the human brain, and the features that enabled the expansion of human neural characteristics. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 32927]
CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (Audio)
The human brain is one of, if not the most important factor that distinguishes our species from all others. Three experts explore the use of stem cells in understanding the primate brain, genes that guided the evolution of the human brain, and the features that enabled the expansion of human neural characteristics. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 32927]
CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (Video)
The human brain is one of, if not the most important factor that distinguishes our species from all others. Three experts explore the use of stem cells in understanding the primate brain, genes that guided the evolution of the human brain, and the features that enabled the expansion of human neural characteristics. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 32927]
The human brain is one of, if not the most important factor that distinguishes our species from all others. Three experts explore the use of stem cells in understanding the primate brain, genes that guided the evolution of the human brain, and the features that enabled the expansion of human neural characteristics. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 32927]
When it comes to research on the Zika virus, how well can a brain grown in a laboratory represent the real thing? In his recent studies, neuroscientist Arnold Kriegstein of the University of California, San Francisco realized that laboratories needed a model system to emulate the developing brain. These artificial models, or organoids, had to express a receptor known as A-X-L, which allows Zika to enter a baby’s brain from the blood. "We were looking at what other model systems could be used to study how the Zika virus infects cells and we found that those organoids also express AXL, and in the exact same place as they do in the normally developing brain." Although the model has some limitations, it is able to reproduce much of the physiology involved in Zika infection. The cells in these organoids can essentially self-organize into a 3-dimensional structure. "So that encouraged us that this model, which people all over the world are now using, can be studied to understand more about how the virus enters the cell, the consequences of infection, and so on."
We humans like to think of ourselves as pretty different from other animals. Language, philosophy, art, technology - we do things it seems like no other animal is capable of. But what makes us this way? In part one of our investigation, we focus on two features of the brain that seem to be particular to people. We start with Arnold Kriegstein of the University of California, San Francisco, who studies a type of stem cell that does something special during human brain development. We then turn to Kira Poskanzer and Anna Molofsky, also of UCSF, who believe the secret to human-ness might lie with a totally different, often neglected kind of brain cell.
Guest Stem cell researcher Dr. Arnold Kriegstein from the University of California, San Francisco to discusses his work and latest paper in Cell Stem Cell on how the Zika virus affects neural stem cells. Resources…
Arnold Kriegstein (UCSF) discusses differences in proliferative zones of human and mouse, and his group's discovery of a novel class of neurogenic radial glia in the outer subventricular zone of human neocortex, which may have provided a critical evolutionary step underlying increased cortical size and complexity in the human brain. Duration: 43 minutes Discussants:(in alphabetical order) Gary Gaufo (Assoc Prof, UTSA Annie Lin (Asst Prof, UTSA) Salma Quraishi (Asst Prof, UTSA) Charles Wilson (Professor, UTSA) acknowledgement: JM Tepper for original music. Recorded: Thursday, December 12, 2013
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