Podcasts about pulse width modulation

GB2RS News Sunday the 6th of September 2026 The news headlines: Learn about HF propagation studies at the RSGB Convention Which coding activities will you be trying? WRTC 2026 results have been rescored Are you aware of the GB0PSC Baldock space weather station? The RSGB Propagation Studies Committee recently installed a HamSCI HFRx at Ofcom's spectrum monitoring site at Baldock. The station is part of HF propagation studies that will allow the Committee to learn more about space weather and its effects including radio blackouts, Doppler flashes and travelling ionospheric disturbances. You can find out how the Committee is progressing with its studies by joining Gwyn Griffiths, G3ZIL on Saturday the 10th of October at the RSGB Convention. If amateur radio construction is something you'd like to find out more about, then join RadCom Plus Editor Paul Marks, G8FVK on Sunday the 11th of October to learn about his approach to modular design of amateur radio equipment. In particular, he'll be looking at QRP HF and VHF gear, using readily available circuit boards and modules such as the AD831 RF mixer module. You can attend both lectures at the Society's annual Convention at Kents Hill Conference Centre in Milton Keynes between the 9th and 11th of October. Secure your place via rsgb.org/convention National Coding Week is back this month! To support radio amateurs in building their digital skills and explore the world of programming, the RSGB has shared three new activities for you to try. The first builds on the Python Pocket Morse activity developed last year and guides radio amateurs to use a BBC Micro:bit to send Morse code either on a telegraph wire or wirelessly. The second is ‘Ener-G use' which is great for unlicensed and younger radio amateurs and allows them to compare increasing forces and energy use with a fun Micro:bit activity. The third activity is based on the Raspberry Pi Pico 2W. It is a demonstration of Pulse Width Modulation and uses just a couple of components, including an LED and a resistor, and will give you a better understanding of the concept of duty cycle. All three activities are available via rsgb.org/coding  You can try them at home, set up a practical club night or use them as an activity with a youth or school group. Let the Society know how you get on by sending photos and a summary to ncw.coordinator@rsgb.org.uk by the 30th of September. Following the conclusion of the on-site WRTC 2026 adjudication process at Wyboston, UK on the 13th of July 2026, significant new information became available resulting in necessary further work by the Judging Committee. In order for the WRTC event to be reflective of the most accurate assessment of contesting conduct and ability, the Organising Committee and Sanctioning Committee agreed collectively to support this work and have now published revised scores. This report voids and replaces the previously announced results. To read the full report visit wrtc2026.org Don't forget that the RSGB Tonight@8 webinar series is back tomorrow night, Monday the 7th  of September. Join RSGB Board Director Patrick Wood, 2E0IFB live for a presentation on amateur radio and the future of satellite communication. You'll also be able to hear how you can get involved with World Space Week, which takes place from the 4th to the 10th of October. The webinar will contain lots of useful information on how your club can host an event and show that amateur radio is part of space exploration, education and communication. Watch the webinar and ask questions via the RSGB YouTube channel or special BATC channel. Find out more at rsgb.org/webinars The Amateur Radio on the International Space Station programme is an opportunity for educational organisations to host an amateur radio contact with a crew member on board the International Space Station. The window to submit an application is now open and ends on the 23rd of October 2026. This is for a contact to take place between July to December 2027. If you are a school, college, university or youth group, take a look at the information available on the ‘School Contacts' tab via ariss-eu.org  If you would like to view videos of different contacts, go to the RSGB YouTube channel at youtube.com/thersgb  and search for 'ARISS'. Don't forget to listen out for the amateur radio stations that will be on the air during International Air Ambulance Week. The event started yesterday, the 5th, and runs until Sunday the 13th of September. For more details visit tinyurl.com/IAAW2026 On Saturday the 12th of September, lots of amateur radio stations will be on the air to take part in the Churches and Chapels on the Air event, also known as CHOTA. The event will take place from 1000 to 1600UTC. Although stations will be working on a variety of bands and modes, most operating will take place on the 40m band using SSB. More details are available at wacral.org The next in the popular 145 Alive series of events takes place on Sunday the 13th of September from 1200 to 1500UTC. Many hundreds of operators are expected to be on the air using 145MHz FM and 144MHz SSB. For more information, go to the 145 Alive Facebook page or email 145aliveuk@gmail.com Please send details of all your news and events to radcom@rsgb.org.uk  The deadline for submissions is 10am on Thursdays before the Sunday broadcast each week.  And now for details of rallies and events Today, Sunday the 6th of September, Telford Hamfest is taking place at Harper Adams University near Telford, TF10 8ND. The doors open at 10.15am. Admission costs £5 but children up to 16 will be admitted free of charge. For more information contact the Hamfest team via hamfest@tdars.org.uk On Saturday the 12th of September, East Midlands Ham and Electronics Rally will take place at Beckingham Village Hall, Southfield Lane, Beckingham, DN10 4FX. The doors will be open from 9.30am to 4pm and free car parking is available behind the hall. Hot food and refreshments will be available on site. More information is available via emerg.uk/rally On Sunday the 13th of September, Caister Lifeboat Radio Rally will take place at Caister Lifeboat station, Caister on Sea, NR30 5DJ. The doors will be open from 10am to 3pm and entrance is free of charge. For more information email, Zane, M1BFI via m1bfi@outlook.com Now the Special Event news Huntingdonshire Amateur Radio Society will be running special event station GB1PPF on Saturday the 12th of September from 9.30am until 4pm. The station will be located at St Peter and St Paul Church, Church Lane, Fenstanton, Cambridgeshire PE28 9JS. Listen for activity on the HF, VHF and UHF bands. Special event station GB0SXW will be on the air on Saturday the 12th and Sunday the 13th of September at the Stone Cross Windmill near Eastbourne BN24 5EA. Operators will be using SSB on the HF bands and FM on the 2m band. Visitors are welcome. Find out more via QRZ.com Special event callsigns EO210WLP and EM70WWW are in use until the end of year to celebrate 210 years of Lviv Polytechnica University and 70 years of the Lviv Polytechnica club station. More information, including details of awards that are available for working the stations, is available via QRZ.com Now the DX news Gunter, DK2WH is active as V51WH and V55Y from Namibia until the 10th of October. He is operating using FT8, SSB, RTTY and some CW on the 160 to 6m bands. QSL via Gunter's home call, directly or via the Bureau. Now the contest news RSGB SSB Field Day, IARU Region 1 Field Day and IRTS SSB Field Day started at 1300UTC yesterday, the 5th, and ends at 1300UTC today, Sunday the 6th of September. Using all modes on the 80 to 10m bands, where contests are permitted, the exchange is signal report and serial number. The RSGB 144MHz Trophy Contest started at 1400UTC yesterday, the 5th, and ends at 1400UTC today, Sunday the 6th of September. Using all modes on the 2m band, the exchange is signal report, serial number and locator. The All Asian DX Contest started at 0000UTC yesterday, the 5th, and ends at 2359UTC today, Sunday the 6th of September. Using SSB on the 160 to 10m bands, where contests are permitted, the exchange is signal report and your age. Today, the 6th, the RSGB 5th 144MHz Backpackers contest runs from 1000 to 1400UTC. Using all modes on the 2m band, the exchange is signal report, serial number and locator. Tomorrow, the 7th, the RSGB Autumn Series SSB Contest runs from 1900 to 2030UTC. Using SSB on the 80m band, the exchange is signal report and serial number. On Tuesday the 8th, the RSGB 432MHz FM Activity Contest runs from 1800 to 1855UTC. Using FM on the 70cm band, the exchange is signal report, serial number and locator. Also, on Tuesday the 8th, the RSGB 432MHz UK Activity Contest runs from 1900 to 2130UTC. Using all modes on the 70cm band, the exchange is signal report, serial number and locator. On Wednesday the 9th, the RSGB 432MHz FT8 Activity four-hour Contest runs from 1700 to 2100UTC. Using FT8 on the 70cm band, the exchange is report and four-character locator. Also, on Wednesday the 9th, the RSGB 432MHz FT8 Activity two-hour Contest runs from 1900 to 2100UTC. Using FT8 on the 70cm band, the exchange is report and four-character locator. Stations entering the four-hour contest may also enter the two-hour contest. On Thursday the 10th, the RSGB 50MHz UK Activity Contest runs from 1900 to 2130UTC. Using all modes on the 6m band, the exchange is signal report, serial number and locator. The Worked All Europe DX SSB Contest starts at 0000UTC on Saturday the 12th and ends at 2359UTC on Sunday the 13th of September. Using SSB on the 80 to 10m bands, where contests are permitted, the exchange is signal report and serial number. On Sunday the 13th, the UK Microwave Group Millimetre Band Contest runs from 0800 to 1700UTC. Using all modes on 24 to 76GHz frequencies, the exchange is signal report, serial number and locator. Also, on Sunday the 13th, the IRTS 70cm Counties Contest runs from 1300 to 1330UTC. Using SSB and FM on the 70cm band, the exchange is signal report and serial number. EI and GI stations also give their county. Also, on Sunday the 13th, the IRTS 2m Counties Contest runs from 1300 to 1500UTC. Using SSB and FM on the 2m band, the exchange is signal report, serial number and locator. EI and GI stations also give their county. Also, on Sunday the 13th, the Practical Wireless 70MHz Contest runs from 1200 to 1600UTC. Using all modes on the 4m band, the exchange is signal report, serial number and locator. Now the radio propagation report, compiled by G0KYA, G3YLA and G4BAO on Thursday the 3rd of September 2026. Solar activity has continued to decline, leaving us with a solar flux index around 100. The upside is we haven't had any solar flares and associated coronal mass ejections, or CMEs, to contend with. Over the last week, we had only one M-class flare and no X-class events. The solar flux index declined to 102 on Thursday the 3rd of September – down from 122 a week ago. But the Kp index has been firmly in the range of 1 to 2 which bodes well for ionospheric stability. This has led to maximum useable frequencies, or MUFs, over 3,000km being around 21 to 24MHz. However, FT8 has stretched this up to 28MHz at times. There have been some good 10m band FT8 openings to South America late in the afternoon. Chile, Brazil and Argentina were workable during these periods. DX to be worked this week includes 3W9C from Vietnam; T99PB from Palau; Z68PX in Kosovo; P29YY in Papua New Guinea; HP/WE9G from Panama; D44TWO from Cape Verde; T32AZ from East Kiribati; and J38DX and J38LD operating from Grenada. V47YA and V47RCX from St Kitts and Nevis will be active from the 8th of September until the end of the month and KH8WW, in American Samoa, will be on the air from the 10th to the 24th of September. Two rare ones to look for are VK0DS from Davis Station and VK0TBC from Casey Station, both in Antarctica. Operations are mostly using SSB and FT8, as time permits. Both stations have been spotted on the FT8 frequencies of the 20, 15 and 10m bands at times. Next week NOAA predicts that the solar flux index will remain around the 100 mark. However, the good news is that, barring any flares or CMEs, the Kp index should remain low, perhaps around 2 all week. And now the VHF and up propagation news from G3YLA and G0KYA. The weather remains in a rather unsettled state. However, there are some signs of a transient area of high pressure brushing past the south of the country today, the 6th. This may create a chance of some tropo into the continent. This could tie in very well with the RSGB 144MHz Trophy and Backpackers Contests, which are taking place today the 6th. The unsettled pattern returns for the rest of the week and may not provide much help for the RSGB 432MHz UK Activity Contest on Tuesday the 8th, or the RSGB 50MHz UK Activity Contest on Thursday the 10th. In occasional bursts of heavier rain there may be some potential for rain scatter on the GHz bands. The prospects of meteor scatter remain in the random territory. So, it is best to listen just before dawn for the better chances. The solar conditions have not been very dramatic lately with the Kp index staying below 3. However, if it perks up a bit, say above 5, there may be a chance of aurora. The Sporadic-E season has more or less ended now. The next period to consider checking usually comes at the end of the year, and the first week in January, for out-of-season surprise openings. EME now, and sky noise should remain low during the coming week. Moon declination remains high. The Moon reached perigee, its closest point to Earth, yesterday, the 5th, so path losses remain low. And that's all from the propagation team this week.

Eurorack e la Magia della PWMBenvenuti a un nuovo emozionante episodio del nostro podcast dedicato al mondo affascinante dei sintetizzatori modulari. Oggi ci immergeremo nel meraviglioso universo dell'Eurorack e scopriremo un elemento fondamentale della sintesi sonora: la Pulse Width Modulation, meglio conosciuta come PWM o modulazione di larghezza di impulso. Eurorack - Nel primo segmento, ci addentreremo nel mondo dell'Eurorack, un formato di sintetizzatori modulari che ha catturato l'immaginazione di musicisti, produttori e sperimentatori sonori di tutto il mondo. Esploreremo brevemente la storia dell'Eurorack, le sue radici e il motivo per cui è diventato così popolare. Discuteremo anche le ragioni dietro la flessibilità e la creatività offerte da questo formato unico. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) - Nel secondo segmento, per la rubrica Tecnicamente, entreremo nei dettagli della Pulse Width Modulation, una tecnica di sintesi che consente di modulare la larghezza dell'impulso di un'onda quadra. Spiegheremo come funziona la PWM, le sue applicazioni pratiche nella creazione di timbri complessi e affascinanti. Atmospherica - Nella terza parte dell'episodio, vi parlo di Atmospherica, un progetto legato all'”Ascolto” come percorso e viaggio interiore. Il progetto è nato da un'idea di Francesca Pavese aka IDRA e da Giacomo Vanelli.Seguiteli su Instragram ai seguenti indirizzi:@__IDRA__@Giacomovanelli@atmospherica.atmospherica Grazie per aver preso parte a questo viaggio all'interno del mondo dei sintetizzatori modulari,. Ci vediamo giovedì prossimo! Seguimi su @daniel__mana e ricordati di iscriverti al podcast!

Episode 95 – Gary Smith on the Need for PWM TrainingKeeping up with automotive technology requires ongoing training. That’s particularly true when it comes to learning more about Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). Gary Smith of DiagNation knows that better than most, but these days it’s as much about radio frequencies as it is basic electricity. The type of things we need to know about range from basic electrical components and circuits to how transistors affect current flow and signal generation in order to properly interpret waveforms. Gary talks about developing new types of test equipment to measure radio frequency signals, which offers the potential for faster and less-invasive test procedures. It’s not just about what we’re learning, but how we’re learning it! If you want a look ahead to where we’re going with automotive control systems, this podcast is for you!Among the many topics discussed, you’ll hear about:·       Part of the gap between training and understanding comes down to the basics.·       Understanding the physical mechanism and the electrical behavior behind it is more important than ever before.·       Knowing how Pulse Width Modulation in its base form works allows one to expand their diagnostic capabilities between different models and manufacturers.·       How to work the basics into advanced training to enhance your understanding of what the test equipment is telling you.·       How modulation works and is used in modern automotive applications.·       Why understanding signal processing allows you to improve your diagnostic skills to answer over 90% of all diagnostic questions you encounter.·       The role of Pulse Width Modulation in ADAS control systems.·       Why you’ll never outgrow the knowledge of basic signal processing.·       How much of this training applies to the new challenges technicians will face as the vehicle fleet moves towards electrification.

In this episode, we show how a binary signal can be used to give the appearance of an analog output. We then use this understanding to show how to dim an LED on the Arduino open source platform.

Let’s expand the repertoire of output that we can use by looking at the function analogWrite(). I experienced much confusion with analogWrite(), because I suspected that it had to do with the analog pins on the Arduino. The function, however, has nothing to do with the analog pins. There are 5 pins on most Arduino boards marked with ‘PWM’ next to the pin number (on some boards it is an “~” symbol) – these pins can be invoked to rapidly change the power being applied at the pin – this is a technique called pulse width modulation (PWM). If you like this tutorial, click here to check out FREE Video Arduino course – thousands of people have really enjoyed it. You Will Need LED – any color is fine 220 Ohm Resistor Alligator Clip Glacial ice cubes Step-by-Step Instructions Take the short leg of the LED and insert it in the GND pin. Take either leg of the resistor and place it in pin 9. Connect the long leg of the LED with the other leg of the resistor using an alligator clip Plug the Arduino into your computer with the USB cable Open up the Arduino IDE Open the sketch for this section. Click the Verify button (top left). The button will turn orange and then blue once finished. Click the Upload button. The button will turn orange and then blue when finished. Watch in mesmerizing amazement as the LED fades in and out. Arduino Fade an LED BoardThis image built with Fritzing. Discuss the Sketch Below is the sketch in its entirety from the Arduino IDE: /* Fade This example shows how to fade an LED on pin 9 using the analogWrite() function. This example code is in the public domain. */ int led = 9; // the pin that the LED is attached to int brightness = 0; // how bright the LED is int fadeAmount = 5; // how many points to fade the LED by // the setup routine runs once when you press reset: void setup() { // declare pin 9 to be an output: pinMode(led, OUTPUT); } // the loop routine runs over and over again forever: void loop() { // set the brightness of pin 9: analogWrite(led, brightness); // change the brightness for next time through the loop: brightness = brightness + fadeAmount; // reverse the direction of the fading at the ends of the fade: if (brightness == 0 || brightness == 255) { fadeAmount = -fadeAmount ; } // wait for 30 milliseconds to see the dimming effect delay(30); } 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 /* Fade This example shows how to fade an LED on pin 9 using the analogWrite() function. This example code is in the public domain. */ int led = 9; // the pin that the LED is attached to int brightness = 0; // how bright the LED is int fadeAmount = 5; // how many points to fade the LED by // the setup routine runs once when you press reset: void setup() { // declare pin 9 to be an output: pinMode(led, OUTPUT); } // the loop routine runs over and over again forever: void loop() { // set the brightness of pin 9: analogWrite(led, brightness); // change the brightness for next time through the loop: brightness = brightness + fadeAmount; // reverse the direction of the fading at the ends of the fade: if (brightness == 0 || brightness == 255) { fadeAmount = -fadeAmount ; } // wait for 30 milliseconds to see the dimming effect delay(30); } The sketch starts with the usual multiline comment describing the program and how to set up the circuit. The first block of code we encounter is the declaration and initialization of three integer variables. The variable names and comments are both descriptive and helpful – remember this when naming and commenting your own code – useful comments are a pillar of success! int led = 9; // the pin that the LED is attached to int brightness = 0; // how bright the LED is int fadeAmount = 5; // how many points to fade the LED by 1 2 3 4 5 int led = 9; // the pin that the LED is attached to int brightness = 0; // how bright the LED is int fadeAmount = 5; // how many points to fade the LED by The brightness variable will store the value of the current brightness of the LED. fadeAmount is the rate at which the LED will fade and brighten. And of course, as the comments explain, led is simply the pin number where we have attached the LED (through a 220-ohm resistor). Now that we have declared and initialized our variables, we move on to setting up the board with the setup() function… void setup() { // declare pin 9 to be an output: pinMode(led, OUTPUT); } 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 void setup() { // declare pin 9 to be an output: pinMode(led, OUTPUT); } The only thing we do here is set the mode of pin 9 as an OUTPUT using the pinMode() function. Recall that pinMode() takes two arguments – the pin number and the mode. In this case, we assign the pin number using the variable led, which we previously initialized as the number 9. By now you know that setup() only runs once – the code inside the setup() curly bracket will only be executed a single time by the Arduino. Where the real action happens is in loop(). The first function we encounter in the loop() is analogWrite(). This function invokes the Pulse Width Modulation capabilities of the Arduino board. Pulse Width Modulation basically adjusts the power output at the pin. So you can have a lot of power or a little power applied at the pin, it’s your call, just tell the analogWrite() function which pin to modulate and how much power you want to be applied. The scale is from 0 to 255 with zero being the lowest power setting and 255 being the highest. For a discussion of what is actually happening with pulse width modulation check out the further reading section. As alluded to above, analogWrite() takes two arguments… analogWrite(pin, value); 1 analogWrite(pin, value); You can utilize analogWrite() with pins 3, 5, 6, 9, 10 and 11 – recall there is a “PWM” or “~” next to the pin number on the board. In this sketch we use the arguments: analogWrite(led, brightness); 1 analogWrite(led, brightness); The first thing we do in the loop is write a value to pin 9 (recall that led holds the number 9) where we have our LED attached (through a resistor) – and we set the value to 0 (zero is what our brightness variable initially holds). This will keep our LED dark to start with. Key Points about the analogWrite function The next line of code we encounter is: brightness = brightness + fadeAmount; ( 0 ) = ( 0 ) + (5)

Building Arduino with PWM. Pulse Width Modulation is a technique for getting analog results with digital means. Parts ListArduino Uno ($3.61)Breadboard and Jumper Wires ($7.48)PixelStick ($3.25)RTFPixel Circle ($10) Hosts: Fr. Robert Ballecer, SJ and Louis Maresca Subscribe and get Coding 101 automatically at https://twit.tv/code Follow @PadreSJ and @LouMM on Twitter. Bandwidth for Coding 101 is provided by CacheFly. Sponsors: digitalocean.com - promo code: C101 lynda.com/c101

Building Arduino with PWM. Pulse Width Modulation is a technique for getting analog results with digital means. Parts ListArduino Uno ($3.61)Breadboard and Jumper Wires ($7.48)PixelStick ($3.25)RTFPixel Circle ($10) Hosts: Fr. Robert Ballecer, SJ and Louis Maresca Subscribe and get Coding 101 automatically at https://twit.tv/code Follow @PadreSJ and @LouMM on Twitter. Bandwidth for Coding 101 is provided by CacheFly. Sponsors: digitalocean.com - promo code: C101 lynda.com/c101

Building Arduino with PWM. Pulse Width Modulation is a technique for getting analog results with digital means. Parts ListArduino Uno ($3.61)Breadboard and Jumper Wires ($7.48)PixelStick ($3.25)RTFPixel Circle ($10) Hosts: Fr. Robert Ballecer, SJ and Louis Maresca Subscribe and get Coding 101 automatically at https://twit.tv/code Follow @PadreSJ and @LouMM on Twitter. Bandwidth for Coding 101 is provided by CacheFly. Sponsors: digitalocean.com - promo code: C101 lynda.com/c101

Building Arduino with PWM. Pulse Width Modulation is a technique for getting analog results with digital means. Parts ListArduino Uno ($3.61)Breadboard and Jumper Wires ($7.48)PixelStick ($3.25)RTFPixel Circle ($10) Hosts: Fr. Robert Ballecer, SJ and Louis Maresca Subscribe and get Coding 101 automatically at https://twit.tv/code Follow @PadreSJ and @LouMM on Twitter. Bandwidth for Coding 101 is provided by CacheFly. Sponsors: digitalocean.com - promo code: C101 lynda.com/c101