Podcasts about smell detectives an olfactory history

漫步在城市内的公园，稍加留意，我们会发现干旱的土地会被悉心灌溉，栽种的植物种类会刻意选择，分叉的树木需要定期进行修剪。尽管作为一种自然环境，这里却处处遍布着人工的痕迹。公园是人工和天然的美好结合，它是窥见城市和自然相互依存关系的一扇窗口。我们渴望接触野生自然，但不得不承认的是，城市仍然是我们主要的生活之地。但日益肮脏的空气、拥挤的环境、喧嚣的噪音，让我们逐步认识到城市演化过程中的生态悖论，只有自然环境的美好才能使得城市成为更宜居之地。那么，城市和自然之间究竟存在什么样的关系？而当有了自然的视角去打量城市之后，我们对城市的理解会有何不同？在前几期节目里，我们探索了城市里的动物、植物、动物园和在城市内田园生活的可能性，而作为“自然自在”系列播客的收尾，本期我们将视野放在更“硬核”的学术层面。我们邀请了北京大学历史学系教授侯深老师，从环境史、城市史的角度探讨城市和自然的关系、城市公园的演变过程以及如何使我们的城市成为一个更美好的地方。【本期嘉宾】主播 | 丘濂，《三联生活周刊》主笔嘉宾 | 侯深，北京大学历史学系教授，专注于城市环境史研究，著有《无墙之城：美国历史上的城市与自然》【时间轴】00:01:37 什么是“环境史”？00:06:55 “城市环境史”究竟在研究什么？00:16:25 为什么美国文化里，非常强调对“荒野”的保留？00:30:08 纽约中央公园营建史00:39:22 在城市公园中，有哪些值得关注的内容？00:44:12 “无墙之城”，何以成为美国城市的特色？00:52:27 现代城市与传统城市的区别在哪里？00:59:37 灾难、气味、下水道……城市环境史领域，还有哪些值得探究的话题？01:10:37 从中国的传统文化里，可以生发出自然探索与环境保护的意识吗？01:19:10 经过疫情的洗礼，城市居民对自然的渴望是否变得更强烈了？【节目中提到的一些名词】唐纳德·沃斯特（Donald Worster）：美国环境史学家，环境史学的创始人与领军先锋，美国堪萨斯大学霍尔荣誉教授（荣休），美国人文与科学学院院士。主要著作有《自然的经济体系》《尘暴》《帝国之河》等。曾获美国历史学奖班克罗夫特奖、苏格兰文学奖、英语语言联盟传记奖，并多次获普利策奖提名。《尘暴：20世纪30年代美国南部大平原》：该书以环境史的视角，描绘了上世纪三十年代美国大平原地区持续发生的大尘暴。书中不但宏观性地描述了尘暴发生的气候、土壤、政治、经济等诸多原因，还细致讲述了尘暴发生时所有的细节，包括对人们生活、生产、交通以及对人精神状态的影响。贯穿全书的一个观点是，大尘暴的发生与资本主义文化有关。1979年该书正式出版，次年便获得美国历史学界最高奖——班克罗夫特奖。《自然的大都市》(Nature's Metropolis: Chicago and the Great West)：该书是美国历史学家威廉·克罗农（William Cronon）的著作，最早出版于1991年。在该书中，作者提供了一个关于19世纪美国历史的环境视角，主要分析了芝加哥成为美国最具有活力的城市的生态和经济原因，从生态系统的角度阐述了大都市芝加哥与其乡村腹地之间的联系。《园与森林》（Garden and Forest）杂志：出版于1888~1897 年，是美国第一本致力于园艺、植物学、景观设计和保护、国家和城市公园发展的杂志。该杂志由哈佛大学阿诺德植物园的创始董事查尔斯·斯普拉格·萨金特（Charles Sprague Sargent）创办。总共发行了十卷，包含大约8400页，包括1000多幅插图和2000页的广告。每期的文章既有文学性，也有学术性和科学性。《山峦晦暗，山峦辉煌》（Mountain Gloomy， Mountain Glory）：美国文学学者玛乔丽·霍普·尼克森（Marjorie Hope Nicolson）的著作，出版于1959年。该书追踪了17~19世纪不同作家对于“山”概念理解的变化过程：从17世纪将山看作是影响自然美的丑陋“凸起”到19世纪转而赞美山的辉煌和神圣。弗雷德里克·杰克逊·特纳( Frederick Jackson Turner）：20世纪初的美国历史学家，在威斯康星大学、哈佛大学工作。著作包括《美国历史中边疆的意义》等。他主要以“边疆理论”（frontier thesis）而闻名。《边疆在美国历史上的重要性》：特纳“边疆理论”（frontier thesis）的集大成之作，其中提出了关于美国的边疆理念如何在19世纪90年代塑造了美国的历史和民族性格。通过反思过去，特纳指出人们对边疆的迷恋以及向美国西部的扩张运动改变了美国人对文化的看法。这一系列观点对历史学界产生了重大的影响。弗雷德里克·劳·奥姆斯特德(Frederick Law Olmsted)：美国景观建筑师、记者、社会评论家和公共管理者。他被认为是美国的景观建筑之父。奥姆斯特德因与他的伙伴卡尔弗特·沃克斯（Calvert Vaux）共同设计了许多著名的城市公园而闻名，其中最著名的包括纽约的中央公园。中央公园的设计树立了一个卓越的标准，影响着美国的景观建筑设计。《无墙之城：美国历史上的城市与自然》：中国人民大学历史学院教授、环境史学者侯深的著作，出版于2021年。该书梳理了城市环境史将自然与城市在历史背景下进行结合的详细过程，选取了匹兹堡、波士顿、拉斯维加斯、堪萨斯、旧金山等城市讨论美国城市演化的生态悖论，总结了“无墙之城”为核心意象的美国城市的形成与发展、困境与使命。《中国之灾：1931长江大洪水》（The Nature of Disaster in China：The 1931 Yangzi River Flood）：美国社会和环境史学家克里斯·考特尼（Chris Courtney）的首部著作，于2018年出版。该书描述了1931年洪水造成的生态与经济影响如何导致了大范围的饥荒与瘟疫。这一开创性的研究为世人提供了对1931年洪水的深入分析，并理清了困扰中国最久环境问题之一的来龙去脉。《味嗅觉侦探：19世纪现代美国嗅觉史》（Smell Detectives：An Olfactory History of Nineteenth-Century Urban America）：美国历史学家梅拉妮·基埃赫勒（Melanie Kiechle）的著作，于2017年出版。该书主要讲述了十九世纪美国快速城市化时期，空气变得恶臭，人们对气味的恐惧和焦虑已经渗透到各个方面。与此同时，城市居民用他们的嗅觉来理解城市和工业的快速发展所带来的卫生挑战。伊懋可（Hark Elvin）：英国历史学家，汉学史专家。曾在格拉斯哥大学、牛津大学、巴黎高师和海德堡大学任教，在哈佛大学做过访问研究员。主要著作有：《中国历史的模式》、《另一种历史：从一个欧洲人的视角论中国》、《华人世界变化多端的故事》等。《大象的退却：一部中国环境史》：伊懋可的代表作，被誉为西方学者撰写中国环境史的奠基之作。书中对中国农业史、社会史等多个领域进行了研究，通过大象从华北到西南的长长退却之路，讲述了中国的经济、社会、政治制度与所在自然环境之间既互利共生又竞争冲突的漫长历史故事，给出了解读环境史的一种全新方式。侯文蕙：环境史教授，长期从事美国史、美国环境史教学与研究，被誉为我国“环境史的拓荒者”。曾翻译《尘暴：1930年代美国南部大平原》、《沙乡年鉴》、《封闭的循环》等经典著作，代表作品有《征服的挽歌：美国环境意识的变迁》与论文《美国环境史观的演变》。《沙乡年鉴》：美国作家奥尔多·利奥波德创作的自然随笔和哲学论文集，首次出版于1949年。该书记录了奥尔多·利奥波德在美国威斯康星州一个农场进行生态修复的经历，从哲学、伦理学、美学及文化传统的角度深刻阐述了人与自然应该具备的关系。该书被称为美国环境保护运动的“圣经”，是当代环境保护运动的思想基石。【收听方式】你可以通过三联中读、小宇宙、喜马拉雅、苹果播客、网易云音乐、荔枝FM关注收听。【福利】点击链接加读书小助手，领三联自制【女性主义流派知识图谱】https://t.yiwise.com/qoI8u

This week we're traveling back to 19th century America with Greta Gerwig's Little Women! Join us as we learn more about selling hair, scarlet fever, women catching fire, women's colleges, and more! Sources: Hair Selling: Elisabeth G. Gitter, "The Power of Women's Hair in the Victorian Imagination," PMLA 99, 5 (1984) JM Allen, "Monster Topknots and Balloon Chignons: Purity and Contamination in the False Hair Trade," University of Salford, 2018: https://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/44308/3/Monster%20top%20knots.pdf "The Trade in Human Hair," March 1869, available at https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-trade-in-human-hair/ Emma Tarlo, "The Secret History of Buying and Selling Hair," Smithsonian, available at https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/secret-history-buying-and-selling-hair-180961080/ Women's Colleges: Roberta Wein, "Women's Colleges and Domesticity, 1875-1918," History of Educatio Quarterly 14, 1 (1974) "First Students Arrive at Mt. Holyoke Seminary," MassMoments, available at https://www.massmoments.org/moment-details/first-students-arrive-at-mt-holyoke-seminary.html Erich M. Studer-Ellis, "Springboard to Mortarboard: Women's College Foundings in New York, Massachusetts, and Pennsylvania," Social Forces 73, 3 (1995) Background: RT: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/little_women_2019 A.O. Scott, "'Little Women' Review: This Movie is Big" New York Times; https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/23/movies/little-women-review.html "Notes on a Scene" Vanity Fair YouTube https://youtu.be/Li9ff4rQlck Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Women_(2019_film) Women Catching Fire: Alison Matthews David, "Blazing Ballet Girls and Flannelette Shrouds: Fabric, Fire, and Fear in the Long Nineteenth Century," TEXTILE, 14, no.2 (2016): 244-67. https://doi.org/10.1080/14759756.2016.1139382 "A Shocking Accident." The Indiana Sentinel 23 June 1874, p.5. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87056600/1874-06-23/ed-1/seq-5/ "Pungent Paragraphs," The Republican. (Oakland, Md.), 12 Feb. 1887. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn88065202/1887-02-12/ed-1/seq-6/ "Accidents." The Canton Advocate (Canton, SD) 13 January 1881. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83025440/1881-01-13/ed-1/seq-1/ Ceredo Advance (Ceredo, WV) 31 march 1887), 1. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86092392/1887-03-31/ed-1/seq-1/ "Too Many Women." Pittsburg Dispatch 14 September 1890, p.20. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84024546/1890-09-14/ed-1/seq-20/ Scarlet Fever: Regina Radikas and Cindy Connolly, "Young patients in a young nation: scarlet fever in early nineteenth century rural New England," Pediatric Nursing 33, no. 1 (2007). Karl F. Meyer, "Principles of Prophylaxis Against Typhoid Fever, Whooping-Cough, Scarlet Fever and Smallpox," California and Western Medicine XXXVII, no. 6 (1932). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1658460/pdf/calwestmed00442-0002.pdf Melanie A. Kiechle, "Learning to Smell Again: Managing the Air between the Civil War and Germ Theory," in Smell Detectives: An Olfactory History of Nineteenth-Century Urban America (University of Washington Press, 2017) https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvcwnp2p.11 C. Killick Millard, "The Etiology of "Return Cases" Of Scarlet Fever," The British Medical Journal 2, no. 1966 (September 1898): 614-18. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20255715 Robert Milne, "The Home Treatment Of Scarlet Fever," The British Medical Journal, 2, no. 2496 (October 1908): 1333-34. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25279631 Frances E. Morley, "Scarlet Fever: Isolation and Disinfection," The American Journal of Nursing 1, no.8 (May 1901): 558-61. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3402124 "The Scarlet Fever Epidemic," Scientific American 36, no. 7 (February 1877): 105. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26055536 "Scarlet Fever." The Portland daily press 9 December 1885, p.2 https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83016025/1885-12-09/ed-1/seq-2/ "Scarlet Fever: All You Need to Know" CDC https://www.cdc.gov/groupastrep/diseases-public/scarlet-fever.html

What's that smell? Join us as we revisit our interview with Melanie Kiechle on the history of cities, senses and public health. This episode of our podcast series features Melanie Kiechle's book, Smell Detectives: An Olfactory History of Nineteenth-Century Urban America. The book illuminates the lives of 19th-century Americans—including medical experts and ordinary city-dwellers—who used their noses to detect and address sanitation challenges associated with foul odors in the midst of rapid urban and industrial growth. Find this podcast and further resources on the Consortium's website at: www.chstm.org/video/62

What's that smell? Join us as we discuss the history of cities, senses and public health. The first episode of our new podcast series features Melanie Kiechle's book, Smell Detectives: An Olfactory History of Nineteenth-Century Urban America. This book illuminates the lives of 19th-century Americans—including medical experts and ordinary city-dwellers—who used their noses to detect and address sanitation challenges associated with foul odors in the midst of rapid urban and industrial growth. Featured guests: Gary Burlingame Director, Bureau of Laboratory Services, Philadelphia Water Department Robert DeSalle Curator, American Museum of Natural History Allison Goldberg Pathologist, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital Richard Taylor Associate Professor, HVAC Technology/Plumbing & Heating Design, Penn College

Why does New York City smell? Is its smell distinguishable from that of other large cities? Does that smell tell us something about the world that our other senses cannot? Last year we spoke to historian Melanie Kiechle, who has devoted a considerable amount of brain- and nose-power to our long relationship with the scents around us. Her book, Smell Detectives, is an olfactory history of 19th-century urban America, from delightful scents to foul stenches, including those that everyday citizens used to bolster the budding environmental movement.Go beyond the episode:Melanie Kiechle’s Smell Detectives: An Olfactory History of Nineteenth-Century Urban AmericaOn our episode page, we've got sanitary surveys of New Orleans and New York, along with sketches of the early respirators people used to protect themselves from foul odorsCheck out a modern-day smell map of the City of Light (and odor), from graphic designer Kate McLeanLive in Pittsburgh? Download Smell PGH, the app that tracks pollution odors (read more here) See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Melanie Kiechle‘s Smell Detectives: An Olfactory History of Nineteenth-Century Urban America (University of Washington Press, 2017) takes us into the cellars, rivers, gutters and similar smelly recesses of American cities in the 19th century. In the decades on either side of the fulcrum between “miasma theory” and the modern germ theory of disease, Americans typically linked smell with healthfulness, or lack thereof. In places like Chicago, New York and Boston, as industrializing businesses generated ever-greater amounts of noxious fumes, medical professionals, policymakers and ordinary people employed various techniques to follow stenches to their source–not always accurately. In a fascinating urban history that centers around the “invisible sense,” Kiechle examines not only what 19th-century cities smelled like, but how people's thinking about smells changed and how that knowledge came to change their urban environments. This book is a highly creative and unusual glimpse into a realm of environmental history that is rarely accessible to modern observers. Sean Munger is a historian, author, podcaster and speaker. He has his own historical podcast, Second Decade. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Melanie Kiechle‘s Smell Detectives: An Olfactory History of Nineteenth-Century Urban America (University of Washington Press, 2017) takes us into the cellars, rivers, gutters and similar smelly recesses of American cities in the 19th century. In the decades on either side of the fulcrum between “miasma theory” and the modern germ theory of disease, Americans typically linked smell with healthfulness, or lack thereof. In places like Chicago, New York and Boston, as industrializing businesses generated ever-greater amounts of noxious fumes, medical professionals, policymakers and ordinary people employed various techniques to follow stenches to their source–not always accurately. In a fascinating urban history that centers around the “invisible sense,” Kiechle examines not only what 19th-century cities smelled like, but how people’s thinking about smells changed and how that knowledge came to change their urban environments. This book is a highly creative and unusual glimpse into a realm of environmental history that is rarely accessible to modern observers. Sean Munger is a historian, author, podcaster and speaker. He has his own historical podcast, Second Decade. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Melanie Kiechle‘s Smell Detectives: An Olfactory History of Nineteenth-Century Urban America (University of Washington Press, 2017) takes us into the cellars, rivers, gutters and similar smelly recesses of American cities in the 19th century. In the decades on either side of the fulcrum between “miasma theory” and the modern germ theory of disease, Americans typically linked smell with healthfulness, or lack thereof. In places like Chicago, New York and Boston, as industrializing businesses generated ever-greater amounts of noxious fumes, medical professionals, policymakers and ordinary people employed various techniques to follow stenches to their source–not always accurately. In a fascinating urban history that centers around the “invisible sense,” Kiechle examines not only what 19th-century cities smelled like, but how people’s thinking about smells changed and how that knowledge came to change their urban environments. This book is a highly creative and unusual glimpse into a realm of environmental history that is rarely accessible to modern observers. Sean Munger is a historian, author, podcaster and speaker. He has his own historical podcast, Second Decade. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Melanie Kiechle‘s Smell Detectives: An Olfactory History of Nineteenth-Century Urban America (University of Washington Press, 2017) takes us into the cellars, rivers, gutters and similar smelly recesses of American cities in the 19th century. In the decades on either side of the fulcrum between “miasma theory” and the modern germ theory of disease, Americans typically linked smell with healthfulness, or lack thereof. In places like Chicago, New York and Boston, as industrializing businesses generated ever-greater amounts of noxious fumes, medical professionals, policymakers and ordinary people employed various techniques to follow stenches to their source–not always accurately. In a fascinating urban history that centers around the “invisible sense,” Kiechle examines not only what 19th-century cities smelled like, but how people’s thinking about smells changed and how that knowledge came to change their urban environments. This book is a highly creative and unusual glimpse into a realm of environmental history that is rarely accessible to modern observers. Sean Munger is a historian, author, podcaster and speaker. He has his own historical podcast, Second Decade. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Melanie Kiechle‘s Smell Detectives: An Olfactory History of Nineteenth-Century Urban America (University of Washington Press, 2017) takes us into the cellars, rivers, gutters and similar smelly recesses of American cities in the 19th century. In the decades on either side of the fulcrum between “miasma theory” and the modern germ theory of disease, Americans typically linked smell with healthfulness, or lack thereof. In places like Chicago, New York and Boston, as industrializing businesses generated ever-greater amounts of noxious fumes, medical professionals, policymakers and ordinary people employed various techniques to follow stenches to their source–not always accurately. In a fascinating urban history that centers around the “invisible sense,” Kiechle examines not only what 19th-century cities smelled like, but how people’s thinking about smells changed and how that knowledge came to change their urban environments. This book is a highly creative and unusual glimpse into a realm of environmental history that is rarely accessible to modern observers. Sean Munger is a historian, author, podcaster and speaker. He has his own historical podcast, Second Decade. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Melanie Kiechle‘s Smell Detectives: An Olfactory History of Nineteenth-Century Urban America (University of Washington Press, 2017) takes us into the cellars, rivers, gutters and similar smelly recesses of American cities in the 19th century. In the decades on either side of the fulcrum between “miasma theory” and the modern germ theory of disease, Americans typically linked smell with healthfulness, or lack thereof. In places like Chicago, New York and Boston, as industrializing businesses generated ever-greater amounts of noxious fumes, medical professionals, policymakers and ordinary people employed various techniques to follow stenches to their source–not always accurately. In a fascinating urban history that centers around the “invisible sense,” Kiechle examines not only what 19th-century cities smelled like, but how people’s thinking about smells changed and how that knowledge came to change their urban environments. This book is a highly creative and unusual glimpse into a realm of environmental history that is rarely accessible to modern observers. Sean Munger is a historian, author, podcaster and speaker. He has his own historical podcast, Second Decade. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Melanie Kiechle‘s Smell Detectives: An Olfactory History of Nineteenth-Century Urban America (University of Washington Press, 2017) takes us into the cellars, rivers, gutters and similar smelly recesses of American cities in the 19th century. In the decades on either side of the fulcrum between “miasma theory” and the modern germ theory of disease, Americans typically linked smell with healthfulness, or lack thereof. In places like Chicago, New York and Boston, as industrializing businesses generated ever-greater amounts of noxious fumes, medical professionals, policymakers and ordinary people employed various techniques to follow stenches to their source–not always accurately. In a fascinating urban history that centers around the “invisible sense,” Kiechle examines not only what 19th-century cities smelled like, but how people's thinking about smells changed and how that knowledge came to change their urban environments. This book is a highly creative and unusual glimpse into a realm of environmental history that is rarely accessible to modern observers. Sean Munger is a historian, author, podcaster and speaker. He has his own historical podcast, Second Decade. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/medicine