Did That Really Happen?

We're traveling back to the 1930s Mississippi Delta with Sinners! Join us as we learn about fake plantation money, "Rocky Road to Dublin", Chinese-American communities in Mississippi, hoodoo, and more! Sources: John Jung, "Chinese for the South: Mississippi Delta Chinese Migration Chains," in Zhang, Wenxian, et al. Far East, Down South: Asians in the American South. Tuscaloosa: The University of Alabama Press, 2016. https://muse.jhu.edu/book/49183. "Shaolu Yu, ""Placing Racial Triangulation, Triangulating Place and Race: Chinese Grocery Stores in the Mississippi Delta during the Jim Crow Era,"" Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 112(1) 2022, pp. 97–122" Karin Lurvink, "Strapped for Cash: Non-cash Payments on Louisiana Cotton Plantations, 1865-1908," TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR SOCIALE EN ECONOMISCHE GESCHIEDENIS 11, 3 (2014) Sonny Albarado, "The violent and racist fight against laborers' basic rights in the South," Arkansas Advocate, 2023 Katrina Hazzard-Donald, Mojo Workin': The Old African-American Hoodoo System (University of Illinois Press, 2013).  Cierra Black, "Sinners Hoodoo Consultant Talks Working with Ryan Coogler & Protecting Black Spirituality On-Screen: 'Blues Is the Music of Hoodoo'" Teen Vogue 3 May 2025.  Marcelitte Failla, ""You Deserve, Baby!": Spiritual Co-creation, Black Witches, and Feminism," The Witch Studies Reader 75-89 (Duke University Press, 2025). https://www.jstor.org/stable/jj.25003747.9  Kinitra D. Brooks, "Haints, Hollers, and Hoodoo," Southern Cultures 29:4 (2023): 2-7. Zora Hurston, "Hoodoo in America," The Journal of American Folklore 44:174 (1931): 317-417. https://www.jstor.org/stable/535394  "The Rocky Road to Dublin" in Will Carleton, Will Carleton's "Dandy Pat Songster (1866). https://www.google.com/books/edition/Will_Carleton_s_Dandy_Pat_Songster/ULo-AQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Rocky%20Road%20to%20Dublin%22&pg=PA59&printsec=frontcover  The Citizen (1842), https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Citizen/VYdPAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Rocky%20Road%20to%20Dublin%22&pg=PA262&printsec=frontcover  https://www.google.com/books/edition/Diprose_s_Standard_Song_Book_and_Reciter/jzJYAAAAcAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Rocky%20Road%20to%20Dublin&pg=PA24&printsec=frontcover "The Rocky Road to Dublin," in The New Singer's Journal (1871) https://www.google.com/books/edition/Henry_De_Marsan_s_New_Comic_and_Sentimen/3Lk_AQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Rocky%20Road%20to%20Dublin%22&pg=PA175&printsec=frontcover  The rocky road to Dublin. Image. https://www.loc.gov/item/amss-as111860/  "Along the Rocky Road to Dublin" (1915) https://egrove.olemiss.edu/sharris_c/92/  D Taylor, "'Champagne Charlie is my name': The swell, the Irish and the cockney," in From Mummers to Madness (2021).  Michael Pierse, ""A Pole of Differentiation": Pasts and Futures in Irish Working-Class Writing," Working-Class Literature(s): Historical and International Perspectives (2020).  "The Schools' Collection" folklore collected by students in Ireland from 1937-1939 https://www.duchas.ie/en/cbes/stories?SearchText=blackthorn&SearchLanguage=ga&Page=1&PerPage=20 https://www.myirishjeweler.com/blog/irish-folklore-the-blackthorn-and-fairies-fighting-and-harry-potter/?srsltid=AfmBOoqlYcrE-xW106rf2XlffXUu-8oyNtkuISgfqsRmUOsNFEh0g9RU  RT: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/sinners_2025  Richard Brody, ""Sinners" is a Virtuosic Fusion of Historical Realism and Horror," April 17, 2025 The New Yorker https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2025/04/28/sinners-movie-review  Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinners_(2025_film) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-dollar_gross 

This week we're going back to the 19th century American West with Strange Way of Life (Our first episode on a short film)! Join us as we learn about facial hair, wineskins, and plenty of other cowboy stuff! Sources: https://lastreszzz.com/en/history/?srsltid=AfmBOoojnNidxyQUlHy6ROfjs2IvEFdIFplsf640inYm1hGcpgOSP9teChristopher Oldstone-Moore, "Mustaches and Masculine Codes in Early Twentieth-Century America," Journal of Social History 45:1 (2011): 47-60. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41678816  F. Gercher, Man with mustache and goatee, facing left, half-length portrait, platinum print, c.1900 Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/2004676300/   R.A. Lewis, Unidentified man with goatee, head-and-shoulders portrait, facing slightly left, cartes de visite, between 1865 and 1886, Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/2022677719/  Artist once known, Unidentified man with moustache and goatee, head-and-shoulders portrait, facing slightly right, cartes de visite, between 1865 and 1886, Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/2022677725/  Artist once known, William Mills, head-and-shoulders portrait, facing slightly left, identification photograph (counterfeiting, Columbus, Ohio), 1875, Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/2022677454/  Courtney Campbell, "14 Famous Cowboys, Gunslingers, & Lawmen of the Wild West," https://www.wideopencountry.com/famous-cowboys-wild-west/ Interview with Pedro Almodovar: https://newsletter.oscars.org/news/post/pedro-almodovar-strange-way-of-life-interview Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/strange_way_of_life Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strange_Way_of_Life

This week we're traveling back to the late 60s/early 70s with Call Jane! Join us as we learn about religion and abortion activism, hospital abortion boards, and the surprisingly complex history of the snickerdoodle. Sources: News Report by Peter Heller on Abortion, 1969. Oregon Public Broadcasting. Available at https://americanarchive.org/catalog/cpb-aacip-153-988gtx44 Linda Greenhouse and Reva B. Siegel, Before Roe v. Wade: Voices That Shaped the Abortion Debate Before the Supreme Court's Ruling. Creative Commons. Available at https://documents.law.yale.edu/sites/default/files/beforeroe2nded_1.pdf "Good things to eat" Sixth Division of the Ladies Society, First Presbyterian Church (1913)  https://hdl.handle.net/2027/loc.ark:/13960/t9t159g6v?urlappend=%3Bseq=142  The "Home" Cook Book (1914), https://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.rsl9sl?urlappend=%3Bseq=118%3Bownerid=27021597766901606-122  Woman's Home Companion (1915) Fashions in Foods in Beverly Hills (1929)  J. O. Dahl, Menu making for professionals in quantity cookery (1939) https://hdl.handle.net/2027/inu.30000114597218?urlappend=%3Bseq=182%3Bownerid=13510798901193441-186  James Beard, Cook it Outdoors (1949) https://hdl.handle.net/2027/umn.319510009574021  Cook book, compiled by Women of St. Paul Lutheran Church (1953) https://hdl.handle.net/2027/osu.32435059270363?urlappend=%3Bseq=113%3Bownerid=13510798904058095-119  All-American Foods: a 4-H Learn to Cook Project Leaders' Guide (1975) https://hdl.handle.net/2027/umn.31951d03882083v  Army Nutrient values of master menu recipes and food items (1985) https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uiug.30112105106089?urlappend=%3Bseq=5%3Bownerid=32607013-4  Ngram: https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=snickerdoodle&year_start=1800&year_end=2022&corpus=en&smoothing=3  Gillian Frank, "The Religious Network that Made Abortion Safe When it Was Illegal," https://genderpolicyreport.umn.edu/the-religious-network-that-made-abortion-safe-when-it-was-illegal  Sarah McCammon, "50 Years Ago, A Network Of Clergy Helped Women Seeking Abortion," https://www.npr.org/2017/05/19/529175737/50-years-ago-a-network-of-clergy-helped-women-seeking-abortion  Linda Freund, "What I learned after meeting a Catholic nun who supports abortion rights," Independent 2 August 2022, https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/abortion-rights-catholic-teachings-vatican-church-b2136442.html  Leslie J. Reagan, "Radicalization of Reform," in When Abortion Was a Crime: Women, Medicine, and Law in the United States, 1867-1973, with a New Preface (University of California Press, 2022). https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv2kx88fq.16  Johanna Schoen, "Abortion care as moral work," Journal of Modern European History (2019): 262-79. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/26832825 Michelle Mehrtens, "The Underground Abortion Network That Inspired 'Call Jane'," Smithsonian Magazine, available at https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-underground-abortion-network-that-inspired-call-jane-180981032/ The Story of One of the Few Black Members of Chicago's Abortion Rights Underground. History News Network. Available at https://www.historynewsnetwork.org/article/the-story-of-one-of-the-few-black-members-of-chica RT: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/call_jane  Rebecca Harrison, "Call Jane review: a powerful, timely pro-choice drama," BFI: https://www.bfi.org.uk/sight-and-sound/reviews/call-jane-powerful-timely-pro-choice-drama  Sheila O'Malley, "Call Jane," https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/call-jane-movie-review-2022  IMDB: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7461272/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0_tt_7_nm_1_in_0_q_Call%2520Jane  Oscars, "'Call Jane' w/Elizabeth Banks, Sigourney Weaver, and Wunmi Mosaku & more | Academy Conversations" https://youtu.be/5NPBfoI1YlE?si=Hp4mnqsnsswiPUBZ 

This week we're traveling to the 1972 Olympics with September 5! Join us as we learn about journalists like Peter Jennings and Geoffrey Mason, satellite TV, and more! NOTE: Due to a technical issue, there are some sound quality problems on Jamie's audio. We promise these issues will be fixed on our next episode. Sources: Travis Vogan, ABC News Sports: The Rise and Fall of Network Sports Television. University of California Press, 2018 Peter Jennings Interview With Larry King, 2002. Transcript available at https://transcripts.cnn.com/show/lkl/date/2002-04-10/segment/00 Charles Glass, Peter Jennings Obituary, 2005. The Independent. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/peter-jennings-304600.html Bob Granath, "Telstar Opened Era of Global Satellite Television," https://www.nasa.gov/history/telstar-opened-era-of-global-satellite-television/  Garry Whannel, "Television and the Transformation of Sport," The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences 625 (2009): 205-18. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40375916  Eva Maria Gajek, "More than Munich 1972. Media, Emotions, and the Body in TV Broadcast of the 20th Summer Olympics," Historical Social Research, 43, no.2 (2018): 181-202. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26454286  David Wharton, "Eye on the Storm: Events in Munich forever changed Games, and how TV presents them," Los Angeles Times 26 August 2002: D1, D10.  Les Carpenter, "Telling it like it was in 'September 5' meant sidelining Howard Cosell," The Washington Post 14 January 2025.  CBS Sunday Morning, "Reporting the tragedy of the 1972 Munich Olympics," https://youtu.be/emhJrz4eYlc?si=r051-xBlOhbzVASh  "Why the media played a fatal role in the 1972 Munich Olympics | DW History and Culture" https://youtu.be/GwFG0d_wzds?si=W5G5-DKTKWKYEarR  https://books.google.com/books?id=5VYEAAAAMBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=LIFE+magazine+olympics+1972&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwidm9q5lPOMAxUuhIkEHQX6NmkQ6AF6BAgHEAM Sports Video Group, "Geoffrey Mason, Sean McManus on ABC Sports Remaining in Control of the Munich Massacre Coverage," https://youtu.be/cnElwryDcA0?si=mPczShOAirk_QKFn  Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_5_(film) Carolyn Giardina, "How the September 5 Filmmakers Created an Authentic Experience," Variety: https://variety.com/2024/artisans/artists/september-5-authentic-experience-cinematography-production-design-1236204356/ Jake Kanter, "‘September 5' Director Tim Fehlbaum Says Film About 1972 Olympics Massacre Is Not A “Political Statement” On Israel-Gaza — Venice Film Festival," Deadline, available at https://deadline.com/2024/08/september-5-tim-fehlbaum-not-political-statement-israel-gaza-venice-film-festival-1236072543/

This week we're going back to 1972 with Shirley! Join us as we learn about Barbara Lee, Shirley Chisholm's meeting with George Wallace, the 1972 Democratic Convention, the equal time rule, and more! Note: Due to some microphone-related technical difficulties, this episode has some audio quality issues, but those will be resolved in our next episode.  Source PBS: Equal Time Rule: https://www.pbs.org/standards/media-law-101/candidate-appearances/ https://www.nytimes.com/1972/06/03/archives/u-s-court-rules-mrs-chisholm-must-receive-equal-time-on-tv.html Debra Michals, "Shirley Chisholm," National Women's History Museum: https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/shirley-chisholm https://www.nytimes.com/1976/10/13/archives/court-refuses-to-review-fcc-equal-time-ruling.html "Life Story: Barbara Lee," Women and the American Story, available at https://wams.nyhistory.org/end-of-the-twentieth-century/the-information-age/barbara-lee/ A Conversation with Barbara Lee, JFK Library, available at https://www.jfklibrary.org/node/392391 https://www.bu.edu/articles/2024/shirley-chisholm-to-kamala-harris/ https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2016/10/the-radical-and-the-racist/497510/ https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/how-a-failed-assassination-attempt-pushed-george-wallace-to-reconsider-his-segregationist-views-180980063/ https://lithub.com/shirley-chisholm-on-why-she-ran-for-president/ https://www.vogue.com/article/how-shirley-chisholm-made-history-at-the-1972-democratic-national-convention https://www.politico.com/story/2008/08/flashback-the-1972-democratic-convention-012848  Clara Bingham, "A Feminist Oral History of the 1972 Democratic National Convention," from The Movement: How Women's Liberation Transformed America, 1963-1973. https://lithub.com/a-feminist-oral-history-of-the-1972-democratic-national-convention/  https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/June-8/shirley-chisholm-visits-opponent-george-wallace-in-hospital https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/shirley Dominic Griffin, "'Shirley' is a Tragedy Presented as a Triumph," Baltimore Beat, https://baltimorebeat.com/shirley-is-a-tragedy-presented-as-a-triumph/  Nicholas Quah, "Shirley Never Matches the Power of Its Subject," Vulture https://www.vulture.com/article/netflixs-shirley-chisholm-biopic-never-does-her-justice.html 

This week we're traveling back to 1830s Germany (and Transylvania) with Nosferatu! Join us as we learn about the folklore of garlic, exhuming suspected vampires, plague ships, and more! Sources: Booseum: Vampires! Carnegie Museum of Natural History, available at https://carnegiemnh.org/booseum-vampires/#:~:text=Garlic%2C%20specifically%20the%20chemical%20compound,would%20%E2%80%9Ckill%E2%80%9D%20a%20vampire. Vampire Myths Originated With a Real Blood Disorder, available at https://www.queensu.ca/gazette/stories/vampire-myths-originated-real-blood-disorder Eater Video: How Garlic Became a Vampire Killer, and Other Allium Myths, available at https://www.eater.com/2016/11/14/13626258/garlic-vampire-repellent-allium-myths-forklore Riches, Christopher, and Jan Palmowski. "Transylvania." In A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. : Oxford University Press Everett-Heath, John. "Transylvania." In Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Place Names. : Oxford University Press "Transylvania." In World Encyclopedia.  Morby, John. "Transylvania, Princedom of." In Dynasties of the World. : Oxford University Press https://www.lonelyplanet.com/articles/ten-things-you-need-to-know-before-visiting-transylvania  Marek Polcyn and Elzbieta Gajda, "Buried with sickles: early modern interments from Drawsko, Poland," Antiquity 89, no. 348 (2015): 1373-87.  Saul Epstein and Sara Libby Robinson, "The Soul, Evil Spirits, and the Undead: Vampires, Death, and Burial in Jewish Folklore and Law," Preternature: Critical and Historical Studies of the Preternatural 1, no.2 (2012): 232-51. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/preternature.1.2.0232  Agnes Murgoci, "The Vampire in Roumania," Folklore 37, no.4 (1926): 320-49. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1256143 David Canfield, "Making Nosferatu," Vanity Fair, available at https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/story/nosferatu-shot-list-awards-insider?srsltid=AfmBOoquAyo3_YpRnmKQTTsu1im1fEPuks-8FQHVSQt9fRc2VqYjc5U7 William Earl, "Bill Skarsgard's Nosferatu Transformation," Variety, available at https://variety.com/2025/artisans/news/bill-skarsgard-nosferatu-transformation-makeup-mustache-count-orlok-1236249285/ Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosferatu_(2024_film) Meagan Navarro Review, Bloody Disgusting: https://bloody-disgusting.com/reviews/3847134/nosferatu-review-robert-eggers-macabre-masterpiece/ "GERMANY. Plague on a ship Public Health Reports (1896-1970), Vol. 16, No. 5 (February 1, 1901), p. 210 (1 page) https://www.jstor.org/stable/41457493 " Ainsley Hawthorne, "Plague Upon the Waters: How a Disease-Ridden Steamboat Spread Yellow Fever," CBC, available at https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/apocalypse-then-yellow-fever-1.5936980 Philippa Helliwell, "Plague Ahoy! Maritime Quarantine in the 18th Century," National Archives, available at https://blog.nationalarchives.gov.uk/plague-ahoy-maritime-quarantine-in-the-18th-century/  

This week we're traveling back to the 1980s with American Psycho! Join us as we learn about Wall Street killers, men's skincare products, Page 6, "Hip to be Square", and more! Sources: Cynthia Weiner, "What We Miss When We Talk About the Preppy Killer," Crime Reads (2025), https://crimereads.com/what-we-miss-when-we-talk-about-the-preppy-killer/  James Feron, "Wall St. Analyst Guilty in Murder of Second Wife," The New York Times 17 March 1989, B2, 38.  Leonard Buder, "Suspect Seized in Two Murders in Wall St. Area," The New York Times 23 June 1982, B1.  https://casetext.com/case/dodell-v-walsh "Driver Sentenced in Fatal Shooting," New York Times 1984, https://www.nytimes.com/1984/11/02/nyregion/the-city-driver-sentenced-in-fatal-shooting.html  and https://www.nytimes.com/1985/12/11/nyregion/broker-is-resentenced-in-slaying-after-crash.html  Deborah Blumenthal, "The Male Difference," NY Times, available at https://www.nytimes.com/1984/09/16/magazine/the-male-difference.html "Skin Care for Men Surging," NY Times, 18 December 1984, available at https://www.nytimes.com/1984/12/18/business/skin-care-for-men-surging.html Ruth la Ferla, "Men's Style: Putting on a Face," NY Times, 26 October 1986, available at https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/26/magazine/men-s-style-putting-on-a-renewed-face.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hip_to_Be_Square https://funnyordie.com/2013/4/03/17717016/american-psycho-with-huey-lewis-and-weird-al/ https://genius.com/Huey-lewis-and-the-news-hip-to-be-square-lyrics https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Psycho_(film) https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/american-psycho-2000  Kate Storey, "The Secret History of Page 6," Esquire, available at https://www.esquire.com/news-politics/a30709872/page-six-gossip-history-new-york-post/ Susan Mulcahy and Frank DiGiacomo, How Page Six Became the Most Feared Gossip Column in the World, Hollywood Reporter, available at https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/business/business-news/page-six-feared-gossip-column-paper-of-wreckage-1236024546/  

This week we're going back to the Roaring 20s with Some Like It Hot! Join us as we learn about the Valentine's Day Massacre, speakeasies, Shell Oil, blood typing, and more! Sources: "Prohibition," Mob Museum, available at https://prohibition.themobmuseum.org/the-history/the-prohibition-underworld/the-speakeasies-of-the-1920s/ Legends of America, Prohibition Speakeasies: https://www.legendsofamerica.com/ah-prohibitionspeakeasy/' Farhud DD, Zarif Yeganeh M. A brief history of human blood groups. Iran J Public Health. 2013;42(1):1-6. Epub 2013 Jan 1. PMID: 23514954; PMCID: PMC3595629. Mitra R, Mishra N, Rath GP. Blood groups systems. Indian J Anaesth. 2014 Sep;58(5):524-8. doi: 10.4103/0019-5049.144645. PMID: 25535412; PMCID: PMC4260296. American Red Cross: History of Blood Transfusion: https://www.redcrossblood.org/donate-blood/blood-donation-process/what-happens-to-donated-blood/blood-transfusions/history-blood-transfusion.html G. Garratty, W. Dzik, P.D. Issitt, D.M. Lublin, M.E. Reid, T. Zelinski, "Terminology for blood group antigens and genes—historical origins and guidelines in the new millennium." https://www.shell.com/who-we-are/our-history/our-company-history.html Eastern Post - Saturday 21 August 1880, 6.  East End News and London Shipping Chronicle - Tuesday 08 March 1881, 2. Hereford Times - Saturday 05 April 1862, 14.  "St. Valentine's Day Massacre Wall" Mob Museum, https://themobmuseum.org/exhibits/massacre-wall/  and https://stvalentinemassacre.org/the-massacre/#full [warning: graphic images] https://youtu.be/5HBDbnLD0sM?si=vS9Ow5jSliyJ4dlk Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Some_Like_It_Hot Bob Mondello, "Remembering the Hollywood Hays Code 40 Years On," NPR. https://www.npr.org/2008/08/08/93301189/remembering-hollywoods-hays-code-40-years-on Sam Wasson, "Some Like It Hot: How to Have Fun," Criterion, available at https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/6048-some-like-it-hot-how-to-have-fun?srsltid=AfmBOopPS5q3nXRLHIkqMtZqsPgVAxYq_e-masNPf2WcgpTW5x7kwepr Roger Ebert Review: https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-some-like-it-hot-1959#google_vignette

This week we're traveling back to the ye old internet days of 2015 with Zola! Join us as we learn about Vine, Backpage, Florida strip club rules, and more! Sources: Casey Newton, "Why Vine Died: Closing the Loop" The Verge (2016) https://www.theverge.com/2016/10/28/13456208/why-vine-died-twitter-shutdown  John Herrman, "Vine Changed the Internet Forever. How Much Does the Internet Miss It?" New York Times (2020).  Justin Perlman, "What was Backpage? Why Did It Shut Down?" Philadelphia Weekly February 29, 2024. https://philadelphiaweekly.com/what-was-backpage-why-did-it-shut-down/  Rahul Choudhary, "What Was Backpage . com| Why It Shut Down By The Government Officials?" Medium, October 10, 2020. https://medium.com/@literatureguide/what-was-backpage-com-why-it-shut-down-by-the-government-officials-96f944ae119c   Felicia Garcia, "The Backpage . Com Bust" Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe U.S. Helsinki Commission (2018), https://www.csce.gov/articles/backpagecom-bust/  Sanctuary for Families and NY State Anti-Trafficking Coalition, "Human Trafficking: A White Paper for the NYPD" https://www.nycourts.gov/LegacyPDFS/IP/human-trafficking/content/2.Human%20Trafficking%20White%20Paper%20for%20the%20NYPD.PDF   Molly Smith and Juno Mac, Revolting Prostitutes: The Fight for Sex Workers' Rights (New York: Verso, 2020), 123-5. Hillsborough County Code of Ordinances Part A, Chapter 4, Article 1: https://library.municode.com/fl/hillsborough_county/codes/code_of_ordinances,_part_a?nodeId=HICOCOORLA_CH4ALBE Shawn Alff, "Strip Clubs Top to Bottom," Tampa Bay News, available at https://www.cltampa.com/news/strip-clubs-top-to-bottom-12289009 Reddit Thread: The Zola Story-Jess's Side: https://www.reddit.com/r/AnythingGoesNews/comments/3quslp/the_zola_story_jesss_side/ Christopher Spata Interview with Jess. Complex. Available at https://www.complex.com/pop-culture/a/christopher-spata/real-jess-from-zolas-story-interview Aisha Harris, "'Zola' Takes A Twitter Thread And Turns It Into A Fever Dream On Film," NPR, https://www.npr.org/2021/06/29/1009630748/zola-review-twitter-taylour-paige-riley-keough-janicza-bravo-movie  Sheila O'Malley, "Zola," Roger Ebert 2021 https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/zola-movie-review-2021  https://www.theguardian.com/film/2021/aug/04/zola-review-aziah-wells-trip-florida-pole-dancing-seductive-comedy-thriller  https://youtu.be/nXiNxW2jupc?si=MZcc9CrQ-c7Pqoc-

This week we're going back to 16th-century Peru with Aguirre, The Wrath of God! Join us as we learn about Spanish women who went on expeditions, the real Lope de Aguirre, the wild stories behind the production of this film, and more! Content Warning: This episode contains discussions of incest and sexual abuse. Sources: Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguirre,_the_Wrath_of_God Roger Ebert Review: https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-aguirre-the-wrath-of-god-1972 Geoff Andrew, "Great Beginnings: Aguirre, The Wrath of God," BFI: https://www.bfi.org.uk/features/great-beginnings-aguirre-wrath-god Michael Atkinson, "Werner's World," Criterion, available at https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/6529-werner-s-world?srsltid=AfmBOopmJcoczeWFdUu2Io46q1vEQHdNjG8DzsLtojNkiAPjPhGS0E8U Anya Jeremko-Greenwald, "11 Craziest Things That Have Happened During the Making of Werner Herzog's Films," IndieWire: https://www.indiewire.com/features/general/11-craziest-things-that-have-happened-during-the-making-of-werner-herzogs-films-58559/ Kate Connolly, "Klaus Kinski Repeatedly Raped Me During My Childhood, Claims Daughter," The Guardian, available at https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jan/10/klaus-kinski-rape-claims-daughter Roger Ebert Interview with Werner Herzog: https://web.archive.org/web/20190626115333/https://www.rogerebert.com/interviews/a-conversation-with-werner-herzog Lope de Aguirre to Philip, King of Spain, 1561, letter, translated by Tom Holloway, Modern History Sourcebook, Fordham University. https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/mod/1561aguirre.asp  Hernán Neira, "The Philosophical Underwriting of a Rebellion: Pedro de Ursua and Lope de Aguirre's Expedition in Search of El Dorado," Chasqui 37, no.2 (2008): 106-126. https://www.jstor.org/stable/29742271  Descubrimiento del río de las Amazonas según la relación hasta ahora inédita de Fr. Gaspar de Carvajal, con otros documentos referentes á Francisco de Orellana y sus compañeros; publicados á expensas del Excmo. Sr. duque de T'Serclaes de Tilly, con una introducción histórica y algunas ilustraciones por José Toribio Medina  Beatriz Pastor, "Lope de Aguirre the Wanderer: Knowledge and Madness," Disposito 11, no.28/29 (1986): 85-98. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41491291  Pedro Simon, The expedition of Pedro de Ursua & Lope de Aguirre in search of El Dorado and Omagua in 1560-1 Translated from Fray Pedro Simon's Sixth Historical Notice of the Conquest of Tierra Firme by William Bollaert (London: Hakluyt Society, 1861). https://archive.org/details/expeditionofpedr00simrich  https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lope-de-Aguirre  Rocio Quispe-Agnoli, "Taking Possession of the New World: Powerful Female Agency of Early Colonial Accounts of Peru," Legacy: A Journal of American Women Writers 28, 2 (2011) Eloisa Gomez-Lucena, "Who Were the Women Conquistadores in the Americas?" National Geographic, available at https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/women-conquistadoras-spain-america

This week we travel back to dinosaur times with 65! Join us as we learn about all kinds of prehistoric weirdness, including pack-hunting dinosaurs, Spanish moss, swamp creatures, the big asteroid, and more! Sources: Emily Osterloff, "How an Asteroid Ended the Age of the Dinosaurs," Natural History Museum, available at https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/how-an-asteroid-caused-extinction-of-dinosaurs.html#:~:text=The%20impact%20site%2C%20known%20as,largest%20crater%20on%20the%20planet. Eric Hand, "Updated: Drilling of Dinosaur-killing Impact Crater Explains Buried Circular Hills," Science, available at https://www.science.org/content/article/updated-drilling-dinosaur-killing-impact-crater-explains-buried-circular-hills Image of continents 65 million years ago, available at https://www.sciencephoto.com/media/1044470/view/continents-65-million-years-ago-illustration Tyrannosauroid Fossil Localities Map, available at https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tyrannosauroid_fossil_localities_map.png Natalie Johnson, "Jurassic Park Got It Wrong: UWO Research Indicates Raptors Don't Hunt in Packs," UWO Today, available at https://www.uwosh.edu/today/84696/jurassic-park-got-it-wrong-uwo-research-indicates-raptors-dont-hunt-in-packs/ Cameron Duke, "Tyrannosaurs May Have Hunted Together in Packs Like Wolves," New Scientist, available at https://www.newscientist.com/article/2275060-tyrannosaurs-may-have-hunted-together-in-packs-like-wolves/ Sean Mowbray, "Do We Know if Dinosaurs Were Smart Enough to Hunt in Packs?" Discover Magazine, available at https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/do-we-know-if-dinosaurs-were-smart-enough-to-hunt-in-packs Daniel Strain, "Paleontologists discover Colorado 'swamp dweller' that lived alongside dinosaurs," https://www.colorado.edu/today/2024/10/23/paleontologists-discover-colorado-swamp-dweller-lived-alongside-dinosaurs https://www.discoverwildlife.com/animal-facts/heleocola-piceanus-colorado Stephen Greb, William A DiMichele, Robert Gastaldo, Cortland Eble, and Scott Wing, "Prehistoric Wetland," Elsevier (2022) https://web.colby.edu/ragastal/files/2022/08/2022_GrebEtAl_PrehistoricWetlands.pdf  Life on Our Planet, "In the Shadow of Giants" Netflix.  Missouri Botanical Garden, https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=f427  "10 Fascinating Facts About Spanish Moss," Mental Floss (2023), https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/67807/10-things-you-should-know-about-spanish-moss  Chelsea Harvey, "The World's Oldest Moss Outlived the Dinosaurs, but It May Not Survive Climate Change," Scientific American (August 10, 2023). https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-worlds-oldest-moss-outlived-the-dinosaurs-but-it-may-not-survive-climate-change/  https://www.edenproject.com/learn/eden-at-home/a-guide-to-prehistoric-plants Josef Pšenička and Stanislav Opluštil, "The epiphytic plants in the fossil record and its example from in situ tuff from Pennylvanian of Radnice Basin (Czech Republic)," Bulletin of Geosciences 88, no.2 (2013): 401-16. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/241660344_The_epiphytic_plants_in_the_fossil_record_and_its_example_from_in_situ_tuff_from_Pennsylvanian_of_Radnice_Basin_Czech_Republic  Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/65  Christy Lemire, "65" https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/65-movie-review-2023  Late Night with Seth Meyers https://youtu.be/tJfmy48AplM?si=kts3zwrzZJBalQji 

It's a new year, so it's once again time for our annual special episode on depictions of the future! Join us as we take a look at 2019-as-imagined-in-1981's Blade Runner, with discussions of gas flares, Japanese influence on American culture, the resurgence of 1940s fashion, and more! Sources: Ryan Britt, "Blade Runner: How Its Problems Made It a Better Movie," Den of Geek, available at https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/blade-runner-making-of-history/ Roger Ebert Review: https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/blade-runner-directors-cut-1992 Ben Sherlock, "Like Tears in Rain," Screen Rant, available at https://screenrant.com/blade-runner-behind-scenes-facts-ridley-scott-harrison-ford-sci-fi-movie/ Daniel Gillespie, "Blade Runner Star Says He Ad-libbed the Movie's Most Iconic Line," Screen Rant, available at https://screenrant.com/blade-runner-edward-james-olmos-ad-lib-details/ Rachel Leishman, "The Blade Runner Discourse is Never-ending," Mary Sue, available at https://www.themarysue.com/blade-runner-discourse/ Hannah Huber, "The 2019 Fashion Trends You'll Still Be Wearing in 2020," Glamour https://www.glamour.com/gallery/best-fashion-trends-2019 Sarah Siegal, "These Were the Makeup Trends We Saw Everywhere This Year," PopSugar https://www.popsugar.com/beauty/makeup-trends-2019-45624809 https://poetryincostume.com/2018/03/15/how-blade-runners-rachael-encapsulated-a-moment-of-fashion-zeitgeist/ Avery Matera, "9 2019 Fashion Trends You'll See Everywhere," Teen Vogue (2019) https://www.teenvogue.com/gallery/popular-fashion-trends-2019 https://www.sitelinesb.com/what-happened-to-the-gas-flame-on-highway-101/ https://youtu.be/mt-4ttjYSzg?si=TKwBXRWXJeiSSe3h "Gas flaring: What is it and why is it a problem?" BBC (2022) https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-63051458 https://lamag.com/news/ask-chris-orange-hydrocarbon-fairy  https://www.aqmd.gov/home/rules-compliance/compliance/r1118/flare-operators  https://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/air-quality/historical-data-by-year/2019-air-quality-data-tables.pdf?sfvrsn=8 https://www.apa.org/news/podcasts/speaking-of-psychology/memory-manipulated Satan Wants You https://www.cbc.ca/documentaries/this-book-plunged-the-world-into-a-terrifying-obsession-with-satanic-cults-in-the-1980s-1.7031992  "The Phenomenon of 'Japan Bashing' in US-Japanese Relations," Journal of American Studies, available at https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/225129904.pdf Lessons for Today from the US-Japan Trade War of the 1980s, NPR, available at https://www.npr.org/2019/05/20/725139664/lessons-for-today-from-the-u-s-japan-trade-war-of-the-1980s US Census Quick Facts, Demographics of Los Angeles: https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/losangelescitycalifornia/PST045222 Terry Gross, "Hollywood Relies on China to Stay Afloat. What Does That Mean for Movies?" NPR, available at https://www.npr.org/2022/02/21/1081435029/china-hollywood-movies-censorship-erich-schwartzel James Tager, "Made in Hollywood, Censored by Beijing," PEN America, available at https://pen.org/report/made-in-hollywood-censored-by-beijing/#heading-14 Drew Dietsch, "The History of Anime's Journey to America," Fandom, available at https://www.fandom.com/articles/anime-history-america

For our last episode of 2024, we're traveling back to 1920s Hollywood with Singin' in the Rain! Join us as we learn about mood music on set, elocution lessons, fan magazines, stunts, and more! Sources: Pamela Hutchinson, "The Silent Era Film Stars Who Risked Life and Limb Doing Their Own Stunts," The Guardian https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2015/sep/07/silent-era-film-stars-risked-their-lives-doing-film-stunts "The Evolution of Stunts: Part I," British Action Academy, available at https://www.britishactionacademy.com/blog/the-action-reel/the-evolution-of-stunts-part-one/ Ronald Haver, "Singin' in the Rain," Criterion Collection (1988), https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/817-singin-in-the-rain  Earl Hess and Pratibha Dabholkar, Singin in the Rain: The Making of an American Masterpiece (University of Kansas Press, 2009), https://www.jstor.org/stable/jj.1544771  https://www.rogerebert.com/interviews/donald-oconnor-singin-in-the-rain-star-dead-at-78 Turner Classic Movies, "Debbie Reynolds Talks About Singin' in the Rain," https://youtu.be/EEizqKN7dpA?si=eiXIx2fvbUig5LgA  Nolan Moore, "The Obscure Accordionist Who Played Mood Music on Silent Film Sets," Atlas Obscura (Sept. 20, 2016). https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/the-obscure-accordionist-who-played-mood-music-on-silent-film-sets  Patrick Miller, "Music and the Silent Film," Perspectives of New Music (1982/3): 582-4. http://www.jstor.com/stable/832894  Pamela Hutchinson, "Photoplay magazine: the birth of celebrity culture," The Guardian 26 January 2016, https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2016/jan/26/photoplay-magazine-hollywood-film-studios-stars-celebrity-culture  Photoplay [Jul-Dec 1930] | Media History Digital Library Dan Nosowitz, "How a Fake British Accent Took Old Hollywood by Storm," Atlas Obscura, available at https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/how-a-fake-british-accent-took-old-hollywood-by-storm

This week we're traveling back to 1989 with Lisa Frankstein! Join us as we learn about leg warmers, intuitive people and emotional vampires, the world's biggest contraceptive sponge, tanning beds, and more! Sources: Tori Telfer, "A Brief History of Leg Warmers," Bustle, available at https://www.bustle.com/articles/29436-whatever-happened-to-leg-warmers-hint-animals Rare Historical Photos, "The Legwarmers Craze of the 1980s," available at https://rarehistoricalphotos.com/legwarmers-fashion-1980s/ Ngram, "Intuitive person:" https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=intuitive+person&year_start=1900&year_end=2022&corpus=en&smoothing=3&case_insensitive=false  https://www.google.com/books/edition/You_the_Healer/-e5fyvbWc9YC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22intuitive%20person%22&pg=PA120&printsec=frontcover NGram, "Emotional vampire," https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=emotional+vampire&year_start=1800&year_end=2022&corpus=en&smoothing=3  Kurtz, Irma. "INTUITION--You'Ve Got it, use it!" Cosmopolitan 180, no. 2 (02, 1976): 176-180.  D.S. Nachtwey and R.D. Rundel, "A Photobiological Evaluation of Tanning Booths," Science 211, no. 4480 (1981): 405-7. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1685358  Wehner et al, "International Prevalence of Indoor Tanning  Systmatic Review and Meta-analysis," JAMA Dermatol. 2014 April ; 150(4): 390–400. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2013.6896.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indoor_tanning#:~:text=Friedrich%20Wolff%2C%20a%20German%20scientist,America%20in%20the%20late%201970s.  https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1903/finsen/biographical/ https://wolffsystem.de/en/history/ Guttmacher Institute, "Trends in Contraceptive Use in the United States, 1982-1995," Available at https://www.guttmacher.org/journals/psrh/1998/01/trends-contraceptive-use-united-states-1982-1995 CDC, "Use of Contraception in the United States, 1982-2008", available at https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr_23/sr23_029.pdf Rogerebert.com Review: https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/lisa-frankenstein-movie-review-2024 Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/lisa_frankenstein Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisa_Frankenstein

This week we're traveling back to 1920s England with Wicked Little Letters! Join us as we learn about the real women who appear as characters in this movie, including Edith Swan, Rose Gooding, and Police Officer Gladys Moss! Sources: Audrey Cartron, Women in the Police Forces in Britain, 1880-1931, MA thesis, full text available at https://library.college.police.uk/docs/theses/CARTRON-Women-in-the-police-forces-in-Britain-1880-1931.pdf Sislin Fay Allen, National Archives: https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/significant-people-collection/sislin-fay-allen/ History of Women in Policing, Manchester City Archives: https://gmpmuseum.co.uk/collection-item/history-of-women-in-policing/ "UK's First Asian Female Police Officer Remembered by Met Police," BBC, available at https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-55886983 "Wicked little letters: the Littlehampton libel case," The National Archives, https://beta.nationalarchives.gov.uk/explore-the-collection/explore-by-time-period/interwar/wicked-little-letters-the-littlehampton-libel-case/  Victor Bailey, review Bee Wilson, "Merely a Warning that a Noun is Coming," London Review of Books 40, no.2 (2018). https://beta.nationalarchives.gov.uk/media/images/edith-swan-indictment-first-t.max-1024x1024.format-webp.webp  https://www.findmypast.com/blog/history/wicked-little-letters Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wicked_Little_Letters  RT: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/wicked_little_letters  BBC Radio 1, "“F*****' BOOM!” Olivia Colman and Jessie Buckley on pigeon impressions and Wicked Little Letters," https://youtu.be/bdrRjdjkhpo?si=LbFtL_j55SCbYxqZ  

This week we're traveling back to 1970 with Are You There God? It's Me, Margaret! Join us as we learn about Earth Day, female cantors, espadrilles, supermodels, adhesive pads, and more! Sources: Sources: Kathleen Horton, "The Story of. . . The Supermodel," The Conversation, available at https://theconversation.com/the-story-of-the-supermodel-26388 Sarah Lindig and Natalie Matthews, "The Evolution of the Supermodel," Elle, availble at https://www.elle.com/fashion/g28495/evolution-of-the-supermodel/?slide=25 Google Ngram, "Supermodel": https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=supermodel&year_start=1800&year_end=2022&corpus=en&smoothing=3 Ellen Burney, "A brief history of espadrilles: From humble origins to fashion must-have," Vogue India (9 August 2018). https://www.vogue.in/content/brief-history-espadrilles-humble-origins-fashion-must   https://www.whowhatwear.com/audrey-hepburn-sabrina-style  https://www.esquire.com/style/mens-fashion/news/a57038/espadrilles-history-revolution-basque-stylish/  https://www.earthday.org/history/ https://youtu.be/WbwC281uzUs and https://youtu.be/y3RCPAtmpv8?si=jC7VQVR0bK3iY04y  Jackie Hajdenberg, "Meet the Real-Life Rabbi in the Synagogue Scene in 'Are You There God? It's Me, Margaret," Jerusalem Post, available at https://www.jpost.com/j-spot/article-741919#google_vignette On Rosh Hashanah, Meet the Woman Who Made History as the First Female Cantor, Time Magazine, available at https://time.com/4512240/rosh-hashanah-first-woman-cantor/ Irene Heskes, "Cantors: American Jewish Women," Available at https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/cantors-american-jewish-women#:~:text=Among%20the%20most%20famous%20of,1987)%2C%20Goldie%20Malavsky%20(1923 Helen King, https://theconversation.com/from-rags-and-pads-to-the-sanitary-apron-a-brief-history-of-period-products-203451  http://www.mum.org/sanapron.htm https://nyamcenterforhistory.org/2016/03/04/solving-womans-oldest-hygienic-problem-in-a-new-way-a-history-of-period-products/ Kat Eschner, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/surprising-origins-kotex-pads-180964466/  Kate Erbland, "Five Decades, Generations of Women, and One Letter: Making the Are You There God? It's Me, Margaret Movie," IndieWire, available at https://www.indiewire.com/features/interviews/are-you-there-god-its-me-margaret-movie-interview-1234831555/ Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Are_You_There_God%3F_It's_Me%2C_Margaret._(film)

This week we're traveling back to 1990s Miami with Wasp Network! Join us as we learn about terrorist attacks on Cuban resorts, the Angola Crisis, that McDonald's in Guantanamo Bay, and more! Sources: Central Intelligence Agency National Foreign Assessment Center, "An Analysis of Cuban Military Intervention in Angola and Ethiopia," 31 October 1978, available at https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP80T00634A000400010046-2.pdf "Angola, Independence and Civil War," Britannica, available at https://www.britannica.com/place/Angola/Independence-and-civil-war The Angola Crisis, 1974-1975, Office of the Historian, available at https://history.state.gov/milestones/1969-1976/angola A.C. Grimes, "The Surprising Location Of Cuba's Only McDonald's," Mashed (9 January 2021). https://www.mashed.com/309819/the-surprising-location-of-cubas-only-mcdonalds/  Lyle Rexer and Jason Oddy, "Outside the Law: Inside Guantanamo," Aperture 179 (2005): 32-9.  Salim Lamrani, "The Case of the Five Cuban Political Prisoners," Cuba, the Media, and the Challenge of Impartiality (NYU Press, 2015). https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1287jk0.11  Salim Lamrani, "Economic Sanctions from Dwight D. Eisenhower to Barack Obama," The Economic War Against Cuba (NYU Press, 2013). https://www.jstor.ort/stable/j.ctt9qgg7f.7  Holly Ackerman, "The Balsero Phenomenon, 1991-1994," Cuban Studies 26 (1996): 169-200. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24487714  Rosie Gray, "Relative Says Families Of Slain "Brothers To The Rescue" Weren't Warned Of Cuban Spy Release," BuzzFeedNews (23 December 2014). https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/rosiegray/relative-says-families-of-slain-brothers-to-the-rescue-weren   "Exile Groups Said to Be Planning Attacks on Cuban Resorts," Tampa Bay Times, available at https://www.tampabay.com/archive/1994/07/23/exile-groups-said-to-be-planning-attack-on-cuban-resorts/ "Summary of Main Terrorist Actions Against Cuba, 1990-2000," available at https://www.canadiannetworkoncuba.ca/Documents/terror-summary.shtml ". 216. Memorandum From Viron P. Vaky of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Assistant for National Security Affairs, Office of the Historian, available at https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76ve10/d216 " Winston Cho, "Netflix Settles Defamation Suit Brought By Cuban Exiles Over Spy Thriller 'Wasp Network'," The Hollywood Reporter (24 January 2024). https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/business/business-news/netflix-settles-defamation-suit-brought-cuban-exiles-wasp-network-1235806098/  Brian Tallerico, "Wasp Network," RogerEbert.com (19 June 2020), https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/wasp-network-movie-review-2020  Arantxa Tirado and Simon Vazquez, "Wasp Network Is a Rare Movie That Doesn't Paint Cubans as Cartoonish Villains," Jacobin (11 August 2020). https://jacobin.com/2020/08/wasp-network-five-cuban-revolution   Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasp_Network_(film)  Hollywood Reporter interview: https://youtu.be/T0f1hhx4xvo?si=DZfh5zqnHkVWAK7d  Interview with Rene Gonzalez and Gerardo Hernandez: https://youtu.be/o4pWqTSwidI?si=C_-YORb1uzpOxmkq 

This week we're traveling back to 1920s Minnesota with Sweet Land! Join us as we learn about immigrant marriages, German acceptance in Minnesota, English-only churches, and more! We also debut the new Tina Belcher Film Grading Scale, and award this film a respectable score of Two Butts. Sources: La Vern J. Rippley, "Conflict in the Classroom: Anti-Germanism in Minnesota Schools, 1917-19," Minnesota History 47, no.5 (1981): 170-83. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20178699  Tina Steward Brakebill, "From "German Days" to "100 Percent Americanism": McLean County, Illinois 1913-1918: German Americans, World War One, and One Community's Reaction." Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 95, no. 2 (2002): 148-171. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40193520  Ehsan Alam, "Anti-German Nativism, 1917-1919," MNOpedia, https://www.mnopedia.org/anti-german-nativism-1917-1919  Becky Little, https://www.history.com/news/anti-german-sentiment-wwi  https://blogs.loc.gov/international-collections/2022/09/german-immigration-loclrblogint/  Mark Kuss, "Hey Man! Watch Your Language: Treatment of Germans and German Americans in New Orleans during World War I," Louisiana History 56, no.2 (2015): 178-98. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24396453  Paul Ramsey, ""The War against German-American Culture: The Removal of German-Language Instruction from the Indianapolis Schools, 1917–1919." Indiana Magazine of History 98, no. 4 (2002): 285-303. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27792420  Elizabeth Dorsey Hatle and Nancy M.  Vaillancourt, "One Flag, One School, One Language: Minnesota's Ku Klux Klan in the 1920s." Minnesota History 61, no. 8 (2009): 360-371. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40543955  Gary Marks, Matthew Burbank, "Immigrant Support for the American Socialist Party, 1912 and 1920," https://www.jstor.org/stable/1171437  "Go West, Young Woman! An Exploration of Mail Order Brides in America." Smithsonian, available at https://postalmuseum.si.edu/research-articles/go-west-young-woman Isabel Kaprielian-Churchill, "Armenian Refugee Women: The Picture Brides, 1920-1930," Journal of American Ethnic History (Spring 93) Marian L. Smith, "'Any Woman Who is Now or May Hereafter Be Married': Women and Naturalization, ca 1802-1940," Genealogy Notes 30, 2 (1998) Seema Sohi, "Barred Zones, Rising Tides, and Radical Struggles: The Antiradical and Anti-Asian Dimensions of the 1917 Immigration Act," Journal of American History (2022) Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweet_Land IMDB: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0428038/ https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-nov-16-wk-movie16-story.html

This week we're going back to postwar Tokyo with Godzilla Minus One! Join us as we learn about the rebuilding of Ginza, war orphans, sea mine removal, how Godzilla stands upright in the water, and more! Sources: "Ginza," Tokyo Official Website: https://www.ginza.jp/en/history/2#:~:text=As%20early%20as%20April%2C%201946,Ginza%20%2Ddori%20during%20this%20festival.&text=In%20addition%20to%20the%20regular,goods%20to%20the%20US%20troops. "Post-war Ginza," Old Tokyo, available at https://www.oldtokyo.com/post-war-ginza-1945/ "The Lost Metropolis: 1930s Tokyo Street Life in Pictures," The Guardian available at https://www.theguardian.com/cities/gallery/2019/may/17/the-lost-metropolis-1930s-tokyo-street-life-kineo-kuwabara-in-pictures US Naval Institute, "Success Meant Death: An Interview with Kaoru Hasegawa," available at https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/1995/october/success-meant-death-interview-kaoru-hasegawa Richard Lloyd-Parry, "Survivor Shame," The Independent, available at https://www.independent.co.uk/news/survivor-shame-1592965.html Roger B. Jeans, "Victims or Victimizers? Museums, Textbooks, and the War Debate in Contemporary Japan," Journal of Military History 69, 1 (2005) Lili van der Does-Ishikawa, "Contested Memories of the Kamikaze and the Self-Representations of Tokko-Tai Youth in Their Missives Home," Japan Forum 27, 3 (2015) John W. Dower, Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II. WW Norton, 2000. Mariko Asano Tamanoi, "The Origins and Plight of Sensō Koji (War Orphans) In Postwar Japan," APJIF, 18, iss. 13, no.1 (2020). https://apjjf.org/2020/13/tamanoi  Robert Efirt, "Japan's "War Orphans": Identification and State Responsibility," The Journal of Japanese Studies 34, no.2 (2008): 363-88. http://www.jstor.com/stable/27756572  Mariko Asano Tamanoi, "Memory Map 3: Orphans' Memories," Memory Maps: The State and Manchuria in Postwar Japan (University of Hawai'i Press, 2009), 84-114. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt6wqrg5.7  Sheldon Garon, "Operation STARVATION, 1945: A Transnational History of Blockades and the Defeat of Japan," The International History Review 46, no.4 (2024): 535-50.  Michael Sturma, "Mopping Up," in Surface and Destroy: The Submarine Gun War in the Pacific (University Press of Kentucky, 2011). https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt2jcr03.13  John S. Chilstrom, Mines Away! The Significance of U.S. Army Air Forces Minelaying in World War II (Air University Press, 1992).  John S. Chilsstrom, "A Test for Joint Ops: USAAF Bombing Doctrine and the Aerial Minelaying Mission," Air Power History 40, no.1 (1993): 35-43. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26279445  Lieut. Commander Arnold S. Lott, USN, "Japan's Nightmare--Mine Blockade," U.S. Naval Institute, Vol. 85/11/681 (November 1959). https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1959/november/japans-nightmare-mine-blockade https://japannews.yomiuri.co.jp/society/general-news/20231003-140471/  https://www.state.gov/dipnote-u-s-department-of-state-official-blog/investing-in-the-future-of-the-pacific-u-s-assistance-continues-to-address-wwii-era-explosive-hazards/  https://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/15088407  RT: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/godzilla_minus_one  Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godzilla_Minus_One  https://variety.com/2024/artisans/news/godzilla-minus-one-visual-effects-water-scene-610-shots-1235891768/  Oscar win: https://youtu.be/h3q7SaXhCPE?si=dSEUEIhlPD9g2xEU 

This week we're traveling back to 1960s Congo with The Siege of Jadotville! Join us as we learn about General Tshombe, Dag Hammarsjkold, UN forces in Jadotville, uranium mining, and more! Sources: Frank Swain, "The forgotten mine that built the atomic bomb," BBC (2020). https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200803-the-forgotten-mine-that-built-the-atomic-bomb  Moore, W. Robert. "White Magic in the Belgian Congo: Tribesmen Mine Uranium, Run Machines, Study Modern Medicine as Booming Trade Opens Up the Vast Colony's Resources." National Geographic Magazine, March 1952, [321]+. National Geographic Virtual Library (accessed August 1, 2024). Susan Williams, "How a rich uranium mine thrust the Congo into the centre of the Cold War," The Conversation (2016). https://theconversation.com/how-a-rich-uranium-mine-thrust-the-congo-into-the-centre-of-the-cold-war-64761  Tom Zoellner, "A (Radioactive) Cut in the Earth That Will Not Stay Closed," Scientific American (2009). https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/a-radioactive-cut-that-will-not-stay-closed/  "Dag Hammarskjold," United Nations, available at https://www.un.org/depts/dhl/dag/time1961.htm Emma Graham-Harrison et al, "RAF Veteran 'Admitted 1961 Killing of Secretary-General," The Guardian, available at https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jan/12/raf-veteran-admitted-killing-un-secretary-general-dag-hammarskjold-in-1961 "Interview with Secretary General," British Pathe, available at https://youtu.be/5mdY-RE3ZEg?si=7R8VBeQ-KdyYe3XH Mads Brugger, "Cold Case Hammarskjold," Magnolia Pictures, 2019 "Monday 18 September 1961," Aviation Safety Network, available at https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/333493 Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Siege_of_Jadotville_(film) Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_siege_of_jadotville Lar Joye, "What's on Film: The Siege of Jadotville," History Ireland 25, no.1 (2017): 50-51.  John Terence O'Neill, "The Irish Company at Jadotville, Congo, 1961: Soldiers or Symbols?," International Peacekeeping 9, no. 4 (Winter 2002): 127-144. Narayan Swamy, "Gallant Irish Unit Surrenders," The Times of India, Bombay, September 19, 1961.  Frank McNally, "Five Irish soldiers took their own lives after Jadotville siege," The Irish Times (May 15, 2019). https://www.irishtimes.com/news/social-affairs/five-irish-soldiers-took-their-own-lives-after-jadotville-siege-1.3893633   Security Council official records, 16th year : 973rd meeting, 13 November 1961, New York; United Nations Digital Library, https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/631329?ln=en&v=pdf  Report to the Secretary-General from his Special Representative in the Congo regarding Mr. Patrice Lumumba; https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/630673?ln=en&v=pdf  Evening star. (Washington, D.C.), 26 Sept. 1961. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1961-09-26/ed-1/seq-3/  https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/mission/past/onucF.html Isaac Chotiner, "The Real Story Behind Patrice Lumumba's Assassination," The New Yorker, October 30, 2023. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2023/11/06/the-lumumba-plot-the-secret-history-of-the-cia-and-a-cold-war-assassination-stuart-a-reid-book-review   Jiwon Amy Yoo, "Moise Kapenda Tshombe," Blackpast.org, available at https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/tshombe-moise-kapenda-1919-1969/

This week we're traveling back to 1940s Venice with A Haunting in Venice! Join us as we learn about mad honey, When the Lights Go On Again, the liberation of Bergen-Belsen, Meet Me In St. Louis, and more! Sources: Gunduz, Abdülkadir;Şimşek, Perihan;Ayaz, Faik Ahmet, "Worldwide Distribution and Clinical Characteristics of Mad Honey Poisoning Cases," Central European Journal of Public Health (March 2023) Niko Vorobyov, "What It's Like Tripping on Mad Honey, the Hallucinogen That is (Maybe) an Aphrodisiac," Salon, 2022, available at https://www.salon.com/2022/04/10/what-its-like-tripping-on-mad-honey-the-hallucinogen-that-maybe-is-an-aphrodisiac/ Mad Honey, Atlas Obscura, available at https://www.atlasobscura.com/foods/mad-honey-red-hallucinogen Imperial War Museum, Collection of Accounts: https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/the-liberation-of-bergen-belsen https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/When_the_Lights_Go_On_Again The Waterbury Democrat. [volume] (Waterbury, Conn.), 10 Nov. 1944. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82014085/1944-11-10/ed-1/seq-12/  The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.), 29 May 1943. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045324/1943-05-29/ed-1/seq-12/  https://genius.com/Vera-lynn-when-the-lights-go-on-again-lyrics  "https://catalog.archives.gov/id/24508 MOVIES AT WAR Other title:Film Bulletin, no. 107 (1943)" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meet_Me_in_St._Louis Matt Zoller Seitz, "A Haunting in Venice," https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/a-haunting-in-venice-movie-review-2023  Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Haunting_in_Venice  Justin Chang, "The big twist in 'A Haunting in Venice'? It's actually a great film," NPR, https://www.npr.org/2023/09/22/1201010896/a-haunting-in-venice-review-agatha-christie-hercule-poirot  https://variety.com/2023/film/news/haunting-in-venice-producer-more-poirot-movies-tina-fey-1235726819/ Todd Gilchrist, "'A Haunting in Venice' Review: Kenneth Branagh Brings a Supernatural Dimension to His Hercule Poirot Series," Variety (Sep. 9, 2023). https://variety.com/2023/film/reviews/a-haunting-in-venice-review-kenneth-branagh-1235717211/ 

This week we're going back to 1930s-1950s Spain with The Endless Trench! Join us as we learn about Franco on the radio, attacks on hermitages during the Spanish Civil War, Eisenhower's visits to Spain, and more! Sources: Christy Lemire review, https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/saltburn-movie-review-2023  Julius Ruiz, The 'Red Terror' and the Spanish Civil War: Revolutionary Violence in Madrid (Cambridge University Press, 2014).  Julian Casanova, The Spanish Republic and Civil War (Cambridge University Press, 2012).  Raymond Carr, Spain: A History (Oxford University Press, 2000).  https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/toasts-the-president-and-general-francisco-franco-spain-state-dinner-madrid Exchange of Letters Between the President and the Chief of State, General Franco, of Spain, https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/exchange-letters-between-the-president-and-the-chief-state-general-franco-spain  https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/travels/president/spain  Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.), 21 Dec. 1959. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1959-12-21/ed-1/seq-6/  Victory Speech Excerpt: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LMN6JhL1yGQ Salvador Gomez Garcia et al, "The Sound Portrait of a Dictator: A Study of Franco's Image in Radio Nacional de Espana," Media History 28, 2 (2022) Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_endless_trench Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Endless_Trench "Gendered Violence," Spanish Civil War Virtual Museum, available at https://www.vscw.ca/en/node/9#:~:text=The%20shaving%20of%20women's%20heads,Guards%20and%20other%20police%20forces . Laura Munoz-Enciar, "Unearthing Gendered Repression: An Analysis of Violence Suffered by Women During the Civil War and Franco's Dictatorship in Southwestern Spain," World Archaeology (2019)

This week we're traveling back to the long-ago days of 2006 with Saltburn! Join us as we reminisce about Juicy tracksuits, Jagerbombs, Livestrong wristbands, and other artifacts of our misspent youth. Sources: Christy Lemire review, https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/saltburn-movie-review-2023  Nicholas Barber, "Saltburn film review: 'Lurid' comedy skewers Britain's super-rich," BBC 5 October 2023, https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20231005-saltburn-film-review-lurid-comedy-skewers-britains-super-rich  David Rooney, "‘Saltburn' Review: Barry Keoghan and Jacob Elordi in Emerald Fennell's Fun but Derivative Take on Class Envy," The Hollywood Reporter 31 August 2023, https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/saltburn-review-barry-keoghan-jacob-elordi-emerald-fennell-1235577882/  Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saltburn_(film)  NHS Smoking Prevalence Statistics, 2006: https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/statistics-on-smoking/statistics-on-smoking-england-2008#:~:text=Among%20adults%20aged%2016%20and,39%20per%20cent%20in%201980 "The Heritage Tracksuit," https://juicycouture.co.uk/collections/the-heritage-tracksuit  Sarah Lindig, "The Juicy Couture Tracksuit Is Now a Relic in a Museum," Bazaar, 15 November 2015, https://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/designers/a12983/juicy-couture-track-suit-on-exhibit-at-london-museum/  https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O110643/tracksuit-juicy-couture/  Irene Anna Kim and Steve Cameron, "How Juicy Couture went from a million-dollar empire to the sale rack," Business Insider, 19 October 2020. https://www.businessinsider.com/rise-and-fall-of-juicy-couture-tracksuits-2019-11?op=1  Emily McCullar, "Making the Band: An Oral History of the Livestrong Bracelet," Texas Monthly July 2024. https://www.texasmonthly.com/style/livestrong-wristband-oral-history-twentieth-anniversary/     Kevin Kos, "The Jagerbomb: No Longer Just a College Drink!" available at https://www.kevinkos.com/post/elevated-jager-bomb "Jagerbomb" Diffords Guide, available at https://www.diffordsguide.com/en-au/cocktails/recipe/3060/jagerbomb Jagerbomb, Google Ngram: https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=J%C3%A4gerbomb&year_start=1800&year_end=2019&corpus=en-2019&smoothing=3

This week we're going back to 1970 with a patron-requested episode on The Holdovers! Join us as we learn about The Newlywed Game, helicopters, Librium, race and class in the Vietnam War, the surprisingly heated controversies over men with long hair, and more! Sources: IMDB trivia page: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt14849194/goofs/ US Centennial Flight Commission, History of Private Helicopters: https://www.centennialofflight.net/essay/Rotary/Private_heli/HE15.htm Civil and Commercial Helicopter Use: https://www.century-of-flight.net/civil-and-commercial-helicopter-use/ Leigh H. Edwards, "Reality TV and the American Family," The Tube Has Spoken: Reality TV and History (2010), 123-44. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt2jcnkz.12  "Fear of a Black Movement: Public Enemy's Chuck D Fights the Power Thirty Years Strong: A Dialogue with Alicia Virani," in Rebel Speak: A Justice Movement Mixtape (2022): 162. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv2ks6vsj.10 Bryan Hardin Thrift, "Turning Off Turn-On: Helms as a TV Executive in the 1960s," Conservative Bias: How Jesse Helps Pioneered the Rise of Right-Wing Media and Realigned the Republican Party (University Press of Florida, 2014), 137-63. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvx1htq1.10  https://interviews.televisionacademy.com/shows/newlywed-game-the  Ingrid Waldron, "Increased Prescribing of Valium, Librium, and Other Drugs--An Example of the Influence of Economic and Social Factors on the Practice of Medicine," International Journal of Health Services 7, no.1 (1977): 37-62. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45129975  "Tranquilizer Librium Best for Alcoholics," The Science News-Letter 87, no. 19 (1965): 303. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3948684  HOFFER, A. “Lack of potentiation by chlordiazepoxide (Librium) of depression or excitation due to alcohol.” Canadian Medical Association journal vol. 87,17 (1962): 920-1. "Racial, Ethnic, and Religious Minorities in the Vietnam War: A Resource Guide," Library of Congress, https://guides.loc.gov/racial-ethnic-and-religious-minorities-in-the-vietnam-war   "Vietnam War U.S. Military Fatal Casualty Statistics," Military Records, National Archives, https://www.archives.gov/research/military/vietnam-war/casualty-statistics  James Burk and Evelyn Espinoza, "Race Relations Within the US Military," Annual Review of Sociology 38 (2012): 401-22. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23254602  Arnold Barnett, Timothy Stanley, and Michael Shore, "America's Vietnam Casualties: Victims of a Class War?" Operations Research 40, no.5 (1992): 856-66. https://www.jstor.org/stable/171812  Seija Rankin, "Making of the Holdovers: Depressing S*** Can Still Feel Cozy," Hollywood Reporter, available at https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-features/making-of-the-holdovers-paul-giamatti-1235788162/ Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Holdovers Andrew Robert Herrick, "A Hairy Predicament: The Problem with Long Hair in the 1960s and 1970s." Masters Thesis, 2006, available at https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1875&context=etd

This week we're going back to 1940s LA with Devil in a Blue Dress! Join us as we learn about Black homeownership in midcentury Los Angeles, Charlotta Bass and The Eagle, postwar jobs, and more! Sources: Kelly Simpson, "The Great Migration: Creating a New Black Identity in Los Angeles," PBS, available at https://www.pbssocal.org/history-society/the-great-migration-creating-a-new-black-identity-in-los-angeles Marques Augusta Vestal, "Black Housing Politics in 1940s South Los Angeles," MA Thesis, 2014, UCLA. Available at https://escholarship.org/content/qt1ns4f6z6/qt1ns4f6z6_noSplash_4f334160f70a9138a0db208ee1b4aa2c.pdf?t=nlk3x9#:~:text=Nearly%2040%20percent%20of%20blacks,than%20ten%20percent%20in%20Chicago.&text=Angeles%20newspaper%20the%20Liberator%2C%20Jefferson,greatest%20state%22%20for%20African%20Americans. Ryan Reft, "Segregation in the City of Angels: A 1939 Map of Housing Inequality in LA," PBS, available at https://www.pbssocal.org/shows/lost-la/segregation-in-the-city-of-angels-a-1939-map-of-housing-inequality-in-l-a Black Los Angeles: 1930-2020. ArcGIS StoryMap. Available at https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/dfd7cd4341a6493fa6cf38633333cece Los Angeles Sentinel, ProQuest Historical newspapers  David L. Clark, "Los Angeles: Improbable Los Angeles," in Sunbelt Cities: Politics and Growth Since World War II, eds. Richard M. Bernard and Bradley R. Rice (University of Texas Press), https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7560/775763.14 Arthur C. Verge, "The Impact of the Second World War on Los Angeles," Pacific Historical Review 63, no.3 (1994): 289-314. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3640968  Regina Freer, "L.A. Race Woman: Charlotta Bass and the Complexities of Black Political Development in Los Angeles," American Quarterly 56, no.3 (2004): 607-32. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40068236  Rodger Streitmatter, "Charlotta A. Bass: Radical Precursor of the Black Power Movement," Raising Her Voice: African-American Women Journalists Who Changed History (University Press of Kentucky, 1994). https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt130jn0r.12  Democracy Now! "Before Kamala Harris, There Was Charlotta Bass: Remembering First Black Woman to Run for VP in 1952," YouTube, https://youtu.be/Hlkw24ifqdk?si=0IlaNF9cVbKqEBEQ   Julian Kimble, "Devil in a Blue Dress: Crossing the Line," The Criterion Collection, July 20, 2022, https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/7873-devil-in-a-blue-dress-crossing-the-line   Dan Kois, "The 1990s Denzel Mystery That Should've Launched a Franchise," Slate, https://slate.com/culture/2022/07/carl-franklin-interview-devil-in-a-blue-dress-and-denzel-washington.html  Will Fancher, "The Untold Truth of Devil In A Blue Dress," Looper, August 6, 2022, https://www.looper.com/955040/the-untold-truth-of-devil-in-a-blue-dress/  https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/devil-in-a-blue-dress-1995 

This week we become Robert Eggers completists with an episode on The Northman! Join us as we learn about berserkers, slavery in the Viking era, textiles, and more! Sources: Ben Cartwright, "Making the cloth that binds us. The role of textile production in producing Viking-Age identities," in Viking Worlds: Things, Spaces, and Movement eds. Marianne Hem Eriksen, Unn Pedersen, Bernt Rundberget, Irmelin Axelsen, and Heidi Lund Berg (Oxbow Books), https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvh1dgwk.15  Marie Louise Stig Sørensen, "Gender, Material Culture, and Identity in the Viking Diaspora," Viking and Medieval Scandinavia 5 (2009): 253-69. https://www.jstor.org/stable/45019127  Eva B. Andersson, "Tools, Textil Production and Society in Viking Age Birka," in Dressing the Past, eds. Margarita Gleba, Cherine Munkholt, and Marie-Louise Nosch (Oxbow Books). https://www.jstor.org/stbale/j.ctt1cfr7jb.13  Eirnin Jefford Franks, "Gender in the Viking World," in The Norse Sorceress: Mind and Materiality in the Viking World, eds.LESZEK GARDEŁA, SOPHIE BØNDING, PETER PENTZ (Oxbow Books, 2023). https://www.jstor.org/stable/jj.5699282.8  Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_northman Stephen Barker, "10 Behind the Scenes Facts About the Northman" Screen Rant, available at https://screenrant.com/the-northman-behind-the-scenes-facts/ Gabriella Paiella, Interview with Robert Eggers, GQ, available at https://www.gq.com/story/robert-eggers-the-northman-interview Thomas K. Heeboll-Holm, "Piratical Slave Raiding: The Demise of a Viking Practice in High Medieval Denmark," Journal of Scandinavian History 46, 4 (2021) Ben Raffield, "The Slave Markets of the Viking World: Comparative Perspectives on an Invisible Archaeology," Slavery and Abolition 40, 4 (2019) Ruth Mazo Karras, "Concubinage and Slavery in the Viking Age," Scandinavian Studies 62, 2 (1990) H. David Brumble, "Berserks and the Tragedy of Warrior Individualism," Street-Gang and Tribal-Warrior Autobiographies (Anthem Press), https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt2272801.17  Michael P. Speidel, "Berserks: A History of Indo-European "Mad Warriors"," Journal of World History 13, no.2 (2002): 253-90. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20078974  Anatoly Liberman, "Berserks in History and Legend," Russian History 32, no.3/4 (2005): 401-11. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24663272  Owen Rees, "Going berserk," Medieval Warfare 2, no.1 (2012): 23-6. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/48578628 Erika Ruth Sigurdson, "Violence and Historical Authenticity: Rape (and Pillage) in Popular Viking Fiction," Scandinavian Studies 86, no.3 (2014): 249-67. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5406/scanstud.86.3.0249  https://www.nms.ac.uk/explore-our-collections/stories/scottish-history-and-archaeology/lewis-chess-pieces/ 

This week we're going back to the 1980s with Charlie Wilson's War! Join us as we learn about the horrific things people used to do with safety pins, Soviet ambitions in the Persian Gulf, Gust Avrokotos, refugees from the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, and more! Sources: "Advertisement: Maybelline." Seventeen, 07, 1982, 18-19 "Mascara Magic." Seventeen, 05, 1981 "Advertisement: Maybelline." Cosmopolitan, 11, 1978, 117 "Dear Beauty Editor." Seventeen, 02, 1978, 10 The Wilson Center Digital Archive, Sources available at https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/topics/soviet-invasion-afghanistan The Soviet Occupation of Afghanistan, PBS Newshour: https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/asia-july-dec06-soviet_10-10 Francis Fukuyama, "The Soviet Threat to the Persian Gulf" Rand Corporation, 1981, available at https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/papers/2008/P6596.pdf' Jonathon Green, "slang," The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets (Oxford University Press, 2015) "cake eater," Oxford English Dictionary (2020).  Ngram Google Books Tazreena Sajjad, "Analysis: Where do Afghanistan's refugees go?" PBS News Hour (24 August 2021). https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/analysis-where-do-afghanistans-refugees-go  "Afghanistan's refugees: forty years of dispossession," Amnesty International (20 June 2019), https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2019/06/afghanistan-refugees-forty-years/  "Afghan Migration After the Soviet Invasion," NatGeo, https://media.nationalgeographic.org/assets/file/afghan_MIG.pdf  Meindersma, Christa. "Afghanistan." In Encyclopedia of Human Rights (Oxford University Press, 2009). “The MacNeil/Lehrer Report; Interview with Perez de Cuellar,” 1982-02-18, NewsHour Productions, American Archive of Public Broadcasting (GBH and the Library of Congress), Boston, MA and Washington, DC, accessed April 25, 2024, http://americanarchive.org/catalog/cpb-aacip-507-xk84j0c044  Amina Khan, "Protracted Afghan Refugee Situation," Strategic Studies 37, no.1 (2017): 42-65.  Pervaiz Iqbal Cheema, "Impact of the Afghan War on Pakistan," Pakistan Horizon 41, no.1 (1988): 23-45.  Patricia Sullivan, "CIA Agent Gust Avrokotos Dies at 67," Washington Post, available at https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2005/12/25/cia-agent-gust-l-avrakotos-dies-at-age-67/22a47f22-6594-4b9d-a90a-6f7914aa909a/ Roger Ebert, "Evil Empire falls victim to clout," 20 December 2007, https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/charlie-wilsons-war-2007  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlie_Wilson%27s_War_(film) https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/charlie-wilsons-war-2-159301/ 

This week we're going back to the 1970s with If Beale Street Could Talk! Join us as we learn about the Rockefeller Drug Laws, New York jails, the term "Holy Roller", and more! Source Brian Mann, "The Drug Laws That Changed How We Punished," NPR, available at https://www.npr.org/2013/02/14/171822608/the-drug-laws-that-changed-how-we-punish Fodei Batty, "How to Understand the Complicated History of 'Go Back to Africa'" Washington Post, available at https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2016/04/26/is-go-back-to-africa-always-an-insult-heres-a-brief-history-of-american-back-to-africa-movements/ African Americans in Ghana, Khan Academy: https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/whp-origins/era-7-the-great-convergence-and-divergence-1880-ce-to-the-future/x23c41635548726c4:other-materials-origins-era-7/a/connecting-decolonization-in-africa-and-the-us-civil-rights-movement#:~:text=The%20desire%20to%20repatriate%E2%80%94to,building%20their%20new%20nation%2Dstate. Heather Ann Thompson, "How a Series of Jail Rebellions Rocked New York--and Woke a City," The Nation, 21 March 2019 https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/new-york-jail-rebellion-1970-tombs-mdc/   Daniel Chasin, "Two Steps Forward, One Step Back: How New York's Bail Reform Saga Tiptoes around Addressing Economic Inequality," Cardozo Law Review 43, no. 1 (October 2021): 273-312 Aleza Van Brunt and Locke E. Bowman, "Toward a Just Model of Pretrial Release: A History of Bail Reform and a Prescription for What's Next," The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 108, no.4 (2018): 701-774. https://www.jstor.org/stable/48572970 https://www.uscourts.gov/services-forms/probation-and-pretrial-services/supervision/pretrial-risk-assessment/pretrial-release  https://www.prisonpolicy.org/research/pretrial_detention/  https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/jails2024_table3.html  https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/incomejails.html Ngram: https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=%22holy+roller%22&year_start=1800&year_end=2019&corpus=en-2019&smoothing=3  Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. “Holy Roller (n.),” March 2024. Gregg Kilday, "Making of 'If Beale Street Could Talk': How 'Moonlight' Oscar Winner Barry Jenkins Brought James Baldwin's 1974 Novel to the Big Screen," Hollywood REporter, available at https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-features/a-look-making-beale-street-could-talk-1160625/' Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/if_beale_street_could_talk/reviews Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/If_Beale_Street_Could_Talk_(film)

This week we're traveling back to the 1930s with Amsterdam! Join us as we learn about Smedley Butler, birding, the Harlem Hellfighters, that story about Mussolini running a kid over with a car, and more! Sources: The Press: Vanderbilt Truth (1931) available at https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,930365,00.html Pete Vack, "A Mussolini Alfa Romeo Mystery," available at https://velocetoday.com/a-mussolini-mystery/ Smedley Butler Mussolini 1931, WWII Editorial Cartoon Project, available at https://sites.lsa.umich.edu/ww2/1931-2/ Jonathan M. Katz, Gangsters of Capitalism: Smedley Butler, the Marines, and the Making and Breaking of America's Empire (New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 2021), 304-334. Dietrich, Christopher R. W., ed. Diplomacy and Capitalism: The Political Economy of U.S. Foreign Relations. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2022. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1sjwpfz. Erick Trickey, "One Hundred Years Ago, the Harlem Hellfighters Bravely Led the U.S. Into WWI," Smithsonian Magazine (14 May 2018), https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/one-hundred-years-ago-harlem-hellfighters-bravely-led-us-wwi-180968977/   "Remembering the Harlem Hellfighters," National Museum of African-American History and Culture Stephen Barker, "Amsterdam: 10 Behind the Scenes Facts About the Star-Studded Movie," Screen Rant, available at https://screenrant.com/amsterdam-behind-the-scenes-facts-star-studded-movie/ Amsterdam, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam_(2022_film) Christy Lemire review, Rogerebert.com: https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/amsterdam-movie-review-2022 Tim Birkhead, "How Bird-Collecting Evolved into Bird-Watching," Smithsonian Magazine, available at https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/how-bird-collecting-evolved-into-bird-watching-180980506/

*NOTE: Due to a technical mishap, we had some problems with Jamie's audio on this one. We apologize for the sound quality issues. Content Warning: This episode features discussion of cannibalism and other disturbing content. This week we're traveling back to 1970s Uruguay with Society of the Snow! Join us as we learn about Numa Turcatti, the photos taken on the mountain, student protests, radios, the Strauch cousins, and more! Sources: Drew Weisholtz, "What Happened to Numa Turcatti, Narrator of Society of the Snow?" Today, available at https://www.today.com/popculture/movies/society-of-the-snow-numa-turcatti-narrator-rcna133613 Amanda Rodriguez and Jeronimo Pineda, "Society of the Snow: The Spirit of Numa Turcatti and the Soccer Team Named After Him," El Pais, available at https://english.elpais.com/sports/2024-01-22/society-of-the-snow-the-spirit-of-numa-turcatti-and-the-soccer-team-named-after-him.html Eduardo Strauch and Mireya Soriano, "Returning to the scene of the crash: A survivor of the Uruguayan rugby team plane crash reflects," Salon, (2019) https://www.salon.com/2019/06/15/returning-to-the-scene-of-the-crash-a-survivor-of-the-uruguayan-rugby-team-plane-crash-reflects/   Matt J. Rossano, Mortal Rituals: What the Story of the Andes Survivors Tells Us About Human Evolution (Columbia University Press, 2013). Blair Braverman and Sarah Marshall, "Flight 571: Survival in the Andes with Blair Braverman," You're Wrong About podcast (31 October 2022).  Charles A. Krause, "After the Andes," The Washington Post (4 November 1978), https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1978/11/05/after-the-andes/962054ad-fde2-4c87-9e6d-c656fee2dc49/  https://www.backpacker.com/trips/alive-again-new-findings-in-the-1972-andes-plane-crash/  https://www.history.com/news/miracle-andes-disaster-survival  https://rarehistoricalphotos.com/1972-andes-plane-crash-story-photos/  https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/dec/04/nando-parrado-andes-plane-crash-1972-rugby-team Emilio Mayorga and John Hopewell, Variety (2022), https://variety.com/2022/film/global/netflix-bayona-society-of-the-snow-1235253671/  Society of the Snow: Who Were We on the Mountain (Netflix, 2024) RT: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/society_of_the_snow  Sheila O'Malley, "Society of the Snow," Roger Ebert (5 January 2024), https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/society-of-the-snow-2024  Peter Bradshaw, "Society of the Snow review- cannibalism in the ice in incredible real-life survival tale," The Guardian (19 December 2023), https://www.theguardian.com/film/2023/dec/19/society-of-the-snow-review-cannibalism-in-the-ice-in-incredible-real-life-survival-tale  The Tupamaros: https://www.latinamericanstudies.org/uruguay/tupamaros-uruguay.htm

Today we're traveling to early 2000s Chile (but also 18th century France, and some other times, too) with vampire-themed political satire El Conde! Join us as we learn about Lucia Hiriart, Augusto Pinochet's shady money dealings, that time he got arrested in London, and more! Sources: John Bartlett, "Widow of Chilean Dictator Augusto Pinochet Dies at 99," The Guardian, available at https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/dec/16/lucia-hiriart-widow-chilean-dictator-augusto-pinchocet-dies-age-99 Eva Vergara, "Lucia Hiriart, Widow of Chilean Dictator Pinochet, Dies at 99." Washington Post, Available at https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2021/12/17/pinochet-widow-hiriart-dead/ Andres Oppenheimer, "Ex-Dictator Had Millions in U.S. Bank," (2004). https://archive-yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/ex-dictator-had-millions-us-bank  Hector Tobar and, Eva Vergara. "The World; New Evidence Shatters Chileans' Image of a Frugal Pinochet: [HOME EDITION]." Los Angeles Times, Aug 02, 2004. O'Brien, Timothy,L. "At Riggs Bank, A Tangled Path Led to Scandal." New York Times (1923-), Jul 19, 2004. TIMOTHY L O'BRIEN and,LARRY ROHTER. "U.S. and Others Gave Millions to Pinochet." New York Times, Dec 07, 2004, Late Edition (East Coast). TIMOTHY L O'BRIEN and,LARRY ROHTER. "The Pinochet Money Trail." New York Times, Dec 12, 2004, Late Edition (East Coast). Minder, Raphael. "Spain Reopens Pinochet Inquiry into Tax Evasion and Laundering: [Foreign Desk]." New York Times, Jul 31, 2021, Late Edition (East Coast). Robinson, Eugene. "Thief of State: [FINAL Edition]." The Washington Post, Dec 12, 2006. https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6606013  RT: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/el_conde Jessica Kiang, "'El Conde' Review: Pablo Larraín's Bizarro-World Reckoning With Pinochet's Bloodthirsty Legacy," Variety, https://variety.com/2023/film/reviews/el-conde-review-pablo-larrain-the-count-1235708790/  Drew Gillis, "El Conde review: Dictators suck in Pablo Larraín's vampiric satire," AV Club, https://www.avclub.com/el-conde-review-pablo-larrain-1850832103  Carlos Aguilar, "El Conde," https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/el-conde-movie-review-2023  Variety, "'El Conde' Cinematographer Breaks Down the Flying Vampire Nun Sequence Using a 90-Foot Crane & Wires," https://youtu.be/bUBbN_xWnCE?si=LRZrkhtwn1zCBhcE  Veronica Diaz-Cerda, "General Pinochet's Arrest: 20 Years On, Here's How It Changed Global Justice," The Conversation, available at https://theconversation.com/general-pinochet-arrest-20-years-on-heres-how-it-changed-global-justice-104806 """Pinochet Arrested in London,"" The Guardian, available at https://www.theguardian.com/world/1998/oct/18/pinochet.chile"

This week we're traveling back to the 1920s with Killers of the Flower Moon! Join us as we learn about William "King" Hale, Mollie Burkhardt, FBI Agent Tom White, and more! Sources: David Grann, Killers of the Flower Moon: The Osage Murders and the Birth of the FBI. Doubleday, 2017 https://ualr.edu/sequoyah/thisday/hale-given-life-sentence-february-1-1929/ FBI Vault: https://vault.fbi.gov/Osage%20Indian%20Murders  https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/osage-murders-case https://www.npr.org/2018/04/06/600136534/largely-forgotten-osage-murders-reveal-a-conspiracy-against-wealthy-native-ameri  Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.), 16 Jan. 1957. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1957-01-16/ed-1/seq-28/  "Review: FAILED PROTECTORS: THE INDIAN TRUST AND ""KILLERS OF THE FLOWER MOON"" Reviewed Work: Killers of the Flower Moon: The Osage Murders and the Birth of the FBI by David Grann Review by: Matthew L.M. Fletcher Michigan Law Review, Vol. 117, No. 6, 2019 SURVEY OF BOOKS RELATED TO THE LAW (April 2019), pp. 1253-1269 (17 pages) https://www.jstor.org/stable/45135202 " Donald Fixico, "The Osage Murders and Oil," The Invasion of Indian Country in the Twentieth Century: American Capitalism and Tribal Natural Resources 2nd edition (University Press of Colorado, 2012), 27-54. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46nvt7.7  https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/osage-murders-photos-killers-of-flower-moon https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/white-thomas-bruce  and https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/federal-correctional-institution  https://www.fbi.gov/news/podcasts/inside-the-fbi-the-osage-murders https://voicesofoklahoma.com/interviews/conner-joe-carol/  https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=OS005 https://www.esquire.com/uk/culture/film/a45547775/what-happened-to-everyone-in-killers-of-the-flower-moon-after-the-film-ends/  Kirsten Chuba, "Osage Consultant Admits to Complicated Feelings over Killers of the Flower Moon," Hollywood Reporter, available at https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/killers-of-the-flower-moon-osage-consultant-mixed-feelings-1235620231/ Richard Brody, "Martin Scorsese on Making Killers of the Flower Moon," The New Yorker, available at https://www.newyorker.com/culture/the-front-row/martin-scorsese-on-making-killers-of-the-flower-moon

We're back with 2024's first episode on Rustin! Join us as we learn about the speeches delivered at the March on Washington, Strom Thurmond's attacks on Bayard Rustin, Dr. Anna Hedgeman, the Bonus Army, and more! Sources: Emma Rothberg, "Anna Arnold Hedgeman," National Women's History Museum, available at https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/anna-arnold-hedgeman GPO, Congressional Record, 1963, Part 11, Page 14836. Full text available at https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CRECB-1963-pt11/pdf/GPO-CRECB-1963-pt11-7-2.pdf March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom Organizing Manual No. 2  (1963), https://www.jstor.org/stable/community.31888236  John Lewis: https://voicesofdemocracy.umd.edu/lewis-speech-at-the-march-on-washington-speech-text/  A. Philip Randolph: https://theblackfreedommovement.voices.wooster.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/131/2018/02/A.-Philip-Randolphs-1963-March-on-Washington-speech.pdf  "March on Washington History by NMAAHC," https://youtu.be/ZA9TJCV-tks?si=3aiw9BgzmLDRsXsk including B. Rustin speaking "The March of the Bonus Army," American Experience, PBS, https://youtu.be/mSC1lbfXfRQ?si=g9weuwd7x1_yuH0j  Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/rustin_2023 Autostraddle review: https://www.autostraddle.com/rustin-review/

For our final episode of the year, we're changing things up with Escape from New York! Join us as we explore how well this 1981 film predicted the year 1997, with discussions of island prisons, crime rates, Telex technology, and more! Sources: Tim Wadsworth, "Is Immigration Responsible for the Crime Drop? An Assessment on the Influence of Immigration on Changes in Violent Crime Between 1990 and 2000," Social Science Quarterly 91, 2 (2010) Dara Lind and German Lopez, "16 Theories for Why Crime Plummeted in the US," Vox, available at https://www.vox.com/2015/2/13/8032231/crime-drop John Gramlich, "Voters Perceptions of Crime Continue to Conflict with Reality," Pew, available at https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2016/11/16/voters-perceptions-of-crime-continue-to-conflict-with-reality/ John Gramlich, "What We Know About the Increase in Murder in 2020," Pew, available at https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2021/10/27/what-we-know-about-the-increase-in-u-s-murders-in-2020/ Dennis Thompson, U.S. Violent Crime Rate Drops Significantly Since 1980s; Reduction may be due to programs that try to break cycle of violence, experts say. Available at Gale OneFile.  German Lopez, "Mass incarceration in America, explained in 22 maps and charts," Vox 11 October 2016, https://www.vox.com/2015/7/13/8913297/mass-incarceration-maps-charts   Associated Press, "In 90's, Prison Building by States and U.S. Government Surged," The New York Times 8 August 1997. https://www.nytimes.com/1997/08/08/us/in-90-s-prison-building-by-states-and-us-government-surged.html   NY Demographics https://www.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/planning-level/nyc-population/historical-population/nyc_total_pop_1900-2010.pdf  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisiana_State_Penitentiary  Rosie Blunt, "Rikers Island: Tales from inside New York's notorious jail," BBC News 20 October 2019. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-50114468  Caroline Delbert, "Forced Exile: The World's Dubious History of Prison Islands," Popular Mechanics 15 February 2023, https://www.popularmechanics.com/culture/a42665100/history-of-prison-islands/   Jake Malooley, "John Carpenter is Scared," Esquire, available at https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/movies/a34518538/john-carpenter-2020-interview-coronavirus-trump-they-live-the-thing/ Rotten Tomatoes, Escape from New York: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1006717-escape_from_new_york WIkipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escape_from_New_York Siskel and Ebert Review, available at https://youtu.be/xW-JL58fQQk?si=jadAn9OME4P604ks Britannica: https://www.britannica.com/technology/telex 

This week we're going back to the 1790s with Love and Friendship! Join us as we learn about marriage practices, loyalists in Britain, "bad air", influenza, and more! Sources: RB Outhwaite, "Age at Marriage in England From the Late Seventeenth to the Nineteenth Century," Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 1972. Maya Jasanoff, Liberty's Exiles: American Loyalists in the Revolutionary World. Excerpt available at https://www.amrevmuseum.org/read-the-revolution/liberty-s-exiles Benjamin H. Irvin, "Tar and Feathers in Revolutionary America." Available at https://revolution.h-net.msu.edu/essays/irvin.feathers.html#10 Nathaniel Philbrick, "The Worst Parade Ever to the Hit the Streets of Boston," Smithsonian Magazine, available at https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-worst-parade-to-ever-hit-the-streets-of-boston-12934258/ Margaret DeLacy, "The Conceptualization of Influenza in Eighteenth-Century Britain: Specificity and Contagion," Bulletin of the History of Medicine 67, no.1 (1993): 74-118. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44444169  Mary J. Dobson, "Contours of death: disease, mortality, and the environment in early modern England," Health Transition Review 2 (1992): 77-95. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40651902  Ken Hiltner, "Representing Air Pollution in Early Modern London," in What Else is Pastoral? Renaissance Literature and the Environment (Cornell University Press). https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7591/j.ctt7v88q.9  Bill Luckin, "' The Heart and Home of Horror': The Great London Fogs of the Late Nineteenth Century," Social History 28, no.1 (2003): 31-48. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4286944  "Great Fgg in and about London.," National Intelligencer 4 May 1814, Gale Primary Sources: Nineteenth Century U.S. Newspapers.  https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/love_and_friendship  https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/love-and-friendship-2016 

This week we're traveling to turn-of-the-century Mexico with the Dance of the 41! Join us as we learn about opinion polling, Amada Diaz, euphemisms for homosexuality, and more! Sources: Tom W. Smith, "The First Straw? A Study of the Origins of Election Polls," Public Opinion Quarterly 54 (1990) Campbell Rhodes, "A Brief History of Opinion Polls," Available at https://www.moadoph.gov.au/explore/stories/history/a-brief-history-of-opinion-polls Manuel Bettancourt Review, Dance of the 41, Variety. Available at https://variety.com/2021/film/news/dance-of-the-forty-one-review-el-baile-de-los-41-1234983809/ Rotten Tomatoes, available at https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/dance_of_the_41 Lucas E. Espinoza and Rosalva Resendiz, "Los Secretos de la Redada de los 41: A Sociohistorical Analysis of a Gay Signifier," NACCS Annual Conference Proceedings, 6 (2018). https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1197&context=naccs  Thaddeus Morgan, "41 Has a Secret Meaning in Mexico, Thanks to a Queer Underground Ball," History, https://www.history.com/news/dance-of-41-mexico-gay-history  Carlos Monsiváis, "De las variedades de la experincia homoerotica," Debate Feminista 35, (2007): 163-92. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42624981  Carlos Monsiváis, Renato Leduc, "Los iguales, los semejantes, los (hasta hace un minuto) perfectos desconocidos (A cien años de la Redada de los 41)," Debate Feminista 24 (2001): 301-27. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42625415   Milada Bazant, "Cronica de un Baile Clandestino," in Tradiciones y conflictos: historias de la vido cotidiana en Mexico e Hispanoamerica eds. Pilar Gonzalbo Aizpuro and Milada Bazant (El Colegio de Mexico). https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv47wbxj.14  Google Ngram, "Amor Socratico": https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=amor+socr%C3%A1tico&year_start=1800&year_end=2019&case_insensitive=on&corpus=es-2019&smoothing=3 Edward Carpenter, "Homogenic Love and its Place in a Free Society," 1894, full text available at https://archive.org/details/homogenic-love-and-its-place-in-a-free-s/page/n3/mode/2up Jeffrey Weeks, Sex, Politics, and Society: The Regulation of Sexuality Since 1800, Third Edition. Pearson, 2012  

This week we're going back to 1960s Europe with The Man From UNCLE! Join us as we learn about black market weapons, kidnapped scientists, amphibious cars, CIA recruitment, and more! Sources: "Nazis and Axis Collaborators Were Used to Further US Anti-Communist Objectives in Europe; Some Immigrated to the United States," Report by the Comptroller of the United States, 1985. Available at https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP87M01152R000300410001-8.pdf CIA Tried to Get Mafia to Kill Castro: Documents. Reuters, available at https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cia-secrets-idUSN2636255220070626 Kidnapping of Dr. Walter Linse: https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/openness-russia-and-eastern-europe-intelligence/2022-05-11/secret-war-germany-cias  ""Kidnapped" scientist is back at Soviet Embassy," The Times of India (19 September 1967): 7.  "West German Rocket Act Kidnapped," The Arizona Post (Tucson, AZ), 5 October 1962, 3. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82000867/1962-10-05/ed-1/seq-3/  "Israeli Held by Swiss; Claim Bid To 'Coerce' German Scientists," The Jerusalem Post (17 March 1963): 1.  Barry Rubin and Wolfgang G. Schwanitz, Nazis, Islamists, and the Making of the Modern Middle East (Yale University Press, 2014). https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt5vkz54.15 TV Tropes: "Kidnapped Scientist," https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/KidnappedScientist  "Remarks By President Barack Obama In Prague As Delivered," 5 April 2009, (Prague, Czech Republic), https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/remarks-president-barack-obama-prague-delivered  Sue Branford, "Nuclear secret is out," The Observer (28 June 1981): 11.  Siegfried Buschschluter, "Bonn denial on S. Africa arms," The Guardian (15 August 1977): 6.  Anthony Tucker, "Terrorist nuclear bombs 'feasible'," The Guardian (24 December 1973): 4.  "The Amphibious Car that Lyndon Johnson Used to Prank People," available at https://rarehistoricalphotos.com/amphicar-president-johnson-1960s/ "8 Amphibious Cars You Never Knew Existed," available at https://www.wilsonvilletoyota.com/blog/social/fun/8-amphibious-cars-you-never-knew-existed/ IMDB https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1638355/?ref_=ttfc_fc_tt  Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Man_from_U.N.C.L.E._(film)  Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_man_from_uncle  Glenn Kenny, "The Man from U.N.C.L.E." Roger Ebert . com (11 August 2015), https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/the-man-from-uncle-2015  Peter Bradshaw, "The Man from UNCLE review: Style paired with deathly boring substance," The Guardian (11 August 2015). https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/aug/11/the-man-from-uncle-review-style-paired-with-deathly-boring-substance  Julie Miller, "The Fall of Armie Hammer: A Family Saga of Sex, Money, Drugs, and Betrayal," Vanity Fair (11 March 2021). https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2021/03/the-fall-of-armie-hammer-a-family-saga-of-sex-money-drugs-and-betrayal  

*Note: We decided to delay our planned episode for this week, so instead we are releasing one of the bonus episodes from our Patreon feed. Sources: Pamela D Arcineaux, "The Storyville Madam Who Challenged Jim Crow, and Won," The Historic New Orleans Collection, available at https://www.hnoc.org/publications/first-draft/storyville-madam-who-challenged-jim-crow-and-won Storyville Guidebooks to Sin, Images Available at https://www.hnoc.org/virtual/storyville/guidebooks-sin "The Sex Workers of Storyville," The Historic New Orleans Collection, available at https://www.hnoc.org/virtual/storyville/sex-workers-storyville Rotten Tomatoes: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/tv/interview_with_the_vampire/s01 Caroline Framke, https://variety.com/2022/tv/reviews/interview-with-the-vampire-review-amc-anne-rice-1235388669/  Gilbert King, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-portrait-of-sensitivity-a-photographer-in-storyville-new-orleans-forgotten-burlesque-quarter-166324443/ "Brothels & Music"  The Historic New Orleans Collection, https://www.hnoc.org/virtual/storyville/music-and-musicians Jelly Roll Morton to Earle Cornwall, 27 April 1938, http://hnoc.minisisinc.com/thnoc/catalog/3/1214  Light Townsend Cummins, Judith Kelleher Schafer, Edward F. Haas, and Michael L. Kurtz, Louisiana: A History (Malden, MA:Wiley Blackwell, 2014, 6th edition) 313-15.

This week we're going back to the Roman Empire with Centurion! Join us as we learn about the Picts, Roman armor, the 9th Legion, and more! Sources: Michael Squire, Embodied Ambiguities on the Prima Porta Augusta. Art History 36, 2 (2013) "Muscle Cuirass". Australian National University. Available at http://artserve.anu.edu.au/raid1/student_projects97/armour/muscle/muscle.html Joshua J Mark, "Picts" World History Encyclopedia, available at https://www.worldhistory.org/picts/ Tacitus' Account of the Battle of Mons Graupius, ed. Joshua J. Mark, World History Encyclopedia, available at https://www.worldhistory.org/article/776/tacitus-account-of-the-battle-of-mons-graupius/#:~:text=Tacitus%20records%20that%20the%20Romans,Romans%20marched%20forward%20in%20formation. Julianna Grigg, "The Romans and the Picts," The Picts Re-Imagined (Arc Humanities Press, 2018). https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvfxvd0p.7  David J. Breeze and Brian Dobson, "A View of Roman Scotland in 1975," Glasgow Archaeological Journal 4 (1976): 124-43. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44811052   J.G. Scott, "The Roman Occupation of South-West Scotland from the Recall of Agricola to the Withdrawal under Trajan," Glasgow Archaeological Journal 4 (1976): 29-44. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44811041  D.J. Woolliscroft, "More thoughts on why the Romans failed to conquer Scotland," Scottish Archaeological Journal 22:2 (2000): 111-22. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27917432  Kate Ravilious, "Land of the Picts," Archaeology: A Publication of the Archaeological Institute of America (Sep/Oct 2021). https://www.archaeology.org/issues/441-2109/letter-from/9932-scotland-picts   Joshua L. Mark, "Tacitus' Account of the Battle of Mons Graupius," 9 January 2015, https://www.worldhistory.org/article/776/tacitus-account-of-the-battle-of-mons-graupius/   Tom Stanier, "The Brigantes and the Ninth Legion," Phoenix 19:4 (1965): 305-13. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1085830  Menachem Mor, "Two Legions: The Same Fate? (The Disappearance of the Legions IX Hispana and XXII Deiotariana)," Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 62 (1986): 267-78. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20186341  David J. Breeze and Brian Dobson, "Roman Military Deployment in North England," Britannia 16 (1985): 1-19. https://www.jstor.org/stable/526389  R.P. Wright, "Tile-Stamps of the Ninth Legion Found in Britain," Britannia 9 (1978): 379-82. https://www.jstor.org/stable/525953  Miles Russell, "The Roman Ninth Legion's mysterious loss," BBC (16 March 2011). https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-12752497  Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centurion_(film)  Roger Ebert, "Landscape painting with blood and guts," Rogerebert.com/reviews/centurion-2010 https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt1020558/ 

This week we're going back to 1890s Kenya with The Ghost and the Darkness! Join us as we learn all about Colonel John Patterson, the Kenya-Uganda Railway, the ivory trade, burial practices, and more! Sources: Ahmed al-Dawoody, Respect for the Dead Under Islamic Law: Considerations for Humanitarian Forensics. ICRC, available at https://blogs.icrc.org/law-and-policy/2018/11/01/respect-for-the-dead-under-islamic-law-considerations-for-humanitarian-forensics/ Rodney Muhumuza, "Africa Slowly Turning to Cremations, Though Long Taboo," AP, available at https://apnews.com/article/e4d90cbae6b84d2d95e74e357f2b8c16 Abdullah Shihipar, "Sri Lanka's Baseless Forced Cremations Must Stop," Washington Post (25 January 2021): https://go-gale-com.lscsproxy.lonestar.edu/ps/i.do?p=ITBC&u=nhmccd_main&id=GALE%7CA649607653&v=2.1&it=r&sid=ebsco&aty=ip Yanky Fachler, "The Zion Mule Corps--and Its Irish Commander," History Ireland 11:4 (2003): 34-8. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27725064  J.H. Patterson, The Man-Eaters of Tsavo and Other East African Adventures (Gutenberg Press, 2009). https://www.gutenberg.org/files/3810/3810-h/3810-h.htm   William K. Storey, "Big Cats and Imperialism: Lion and Tiger Hunting in Kenya and Northern India, 1898-1930," Journal of World History 2:2 (1991): 135-73. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20078498  Paul Raffaele, "Man-Eaters of Tsavo," Smithsonian Magazine (January 2010). https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/man-eaters-of-tsavo-11614317/  Field Museum: https://www.fieldmuseum.org/blog/man-eating-lions-tsavo  Samuel G. Ruchman, "Colonial Construction: Labor Practices and Precedents Along the Uganda Railway, 1893-1903," The International Journal of African Historical Studies 50:2 (2017): 251-73. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44723449  Major E.H.M. Leggett, "The Economic Development of British East Africa and Uganda," Journal of the Royal Society of Arts 63: 3246 (5 February 1915): 209-20. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41341935  A.M. O'Connor, "New Railway Construction and the Pattern of Economic Development in East Africa," Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 36 (June 1965): 21-30. https://www.jstor.org/stable/621451  GC Whitehouse, The Building of the Kenya-Uganda Railway, Library of Congress, available at https://www.loc.gov/resource/gdcwdl.wdl_13809/?sp=5&r=-0.302,0.162,1.407,0.881,0 RW Beachey, "The East African Ivory Trade in the 19th Century," Journal of African History 8, 2 (1967)

This week we're traveling back to 1890s New England with The Lighthouse! Join us as we try to figure out what the heck is going on in this movie, and along the way learn about seagull myths, how lighthouses work, New England dialects, Davy Jones, and more! Sources: "Seagulls," A Dictionary of English Folklore, Oxford Reference Dictionaries, available at https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100450456;jsessionid=0C830965CCC27A471D73ABD544FFA75D Fletcher S Bassett, Legends and Superstitions of the Sea and of Sailors in All Lands and in All Times (1885). Available on Google Books. Etymology Online, available at https://www.etymonline.com/word/Davy%20Jones https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Folk_lore_Record/zW0AAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=davy+jones+locker+folklore&pg=PA66&printsec=frontcover Thomas L. Cromwell, Jr., "Ye Olde Englysshe 'Ye'" American Speech 24:2 (1949) 115-19. https://www.jstor.org/stable/486618  Herman Melville, Moby Dick, https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/2701/pg2701-images.html  Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lighthouse_(2019_film)  Rotten Tomatoes https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_lighthouse_2019  Vanity Fair, "Willem Dafoe Rewatches Spider-Man, The Lighthouse, Platoon & More | Vanity Fair" https://youtu.be/88MCNN0abIU?si=ZDLA7om0MmdMYjBy   GQ, "Robert Pattinson Breaks Down His Most Iconic Characters | GQ," https://youtu.be/pz52gPH3ou4?si=J3SfP1S8lpCrc_Ix  Eric Grundhauser, "When the Lights Go Out: 8 of the World's Loneliest Lighthouses," Atlas Obscure (25 August 2015). https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/when-the-lights-go-out-8-of-the-worlds-loneliest-lighthouses  Sean Kirst, "Dark Past Haunts Lighthouse Thursday, October 31, 1996," The Soul of Central New York: Syracuse Stories by Sean Kirst (Syracuse University Press, 1996). https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1ht4w1r.33  Michael Brian Schiffer, "The Electric Lighthouse in the Nineteenth Century: Aid to Navigation and Political Technology," Technology and Culture 46:2 (2005): 275-305. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40060849  D. Alan Stevenson, "The Development of Lighthouses," Journal of the Royal Society of Arts 80: 4130 (1932): 224-42. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41358948  "Beacons of Safety," Scientific American (1926). https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/24976807  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_Sur_Lighthouse  https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/saint-john-n-b-home-to-foghorn-inventor-1.941959  "Yellow Gals (Doodle Let Me Go)" http://balladindex.org/Ballads/Hugi380.html  "Doodle Let Me Go (Yaller Girls)" https://mainlynorfolk.info/lloyd/songs/doodleletmego.html 

This week we're traveling back to 1950s Hollywood with Hail Caesar! Join us as we learn about the Writers Guild, stars going on arranged dates, the phrase "cut the mustard", how stars concealed unplanned pregnancies, and more! Sources: Jeffrey Schwartz, Tab Hunter Confidential. Allan Glaser Productions, 2015. Available on Amazon Prime. Benjamin McVay, "Movie Stars in the Studio System: Secrets and Rules," Cinema Scholars, available at https://cinemascholars.com/movie-stars-in-the-studio-system-secrets-and-rules/ Writers Guild of America West https://www.wga.org/the-guild/about-us/history and https://www.wga.org/the-guild/about-us/history/a-history-of-wga-contract-negotiations-and-gains  Hilary Swett, "The Screen Writers' Guild: An Early History of the Writers Guild of America," WG Foundation (2020). https://www.wgfoundation.org/screenwritersguild-history  Greg Myre, "How The CIA Found A Soviet Sub--Without the Soviets Knowing," All Things Considered (NPR, 18 September 2017). https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2017/09/18/549535352/how-the-cia-found-a-soviet-sub-without-the-soviets-knowing   Lila Thulin, "During the Cold War, the CIA Secretly Plucked a Soviet Submarine From the Ocean Floor Using a Giant Claw," Smithsonian Magazine (10 May 2019). https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/during-cold-war-ci-secretly-plucked-soviet-submarine-ocean-floor-using-giant-claw-180972154/  "Russian Foxtrot Class attack submarine B-39, has gone to pasture." https://sdmaritime.org/visit/the-ships/b-39-submarine/  Louise Pound, Kemp Malone, and Arthur Garfield Kennedy, "cut the mustard," American Speech, Vol. 2 (1927), 352.  Dialect Notes Vol. 3 (University of Michigan and American Dialect Society, 1905).  Anne Helen Petersen, "Clark Gable Accused of Raping Co-Star," Buzzfeed News, 2015. Available at https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/annehelenpetersen/loretta-young Bill Desowitz, "Hail Caesar! How the Coen Brothers Made Their Hollywood Valentine," IndieWire, available at https://www.indiewire.com/awards/industry/hail-caesar-the-coen-brothers-hollywood-1201781360/ Wikipedia, available at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hail,_Caesar!

NOTE: Due to technical difficulties, this episode contains some lost audio. This week we're traveling back to the 19th century with The Harder They Fall! Join us as we learn about the real-life figures behind the characters of this film, including Stagecoach Mary, Cherokee Bill, and more! Sources: Paul M. Lucko, "Goldsby, Crawford [Cherokee Bill]," Texas State Historical Society, available at https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/goldsby-crawford Art T. Burton, "Goldsby, Crawford," Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture, available at https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=GO006 Juliet Galonska, "Cherokee Bill," On the Outlaw Trail, NPS, available at https://www.nps.gov/fosm/learn/historyculture/cherokee-bill-outlaw-trail.htm Shelby Amspacher, "Stagecoach Mary Fields," Smithsonian National Postal Museum, https://postalmuseum.si.edu/stagecoach-mary-fields   Roger D. Hardaway, "African-American Women on the Western Frontier," Negro History Bulletin 60, no.1 (1997): 8-13. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24766796  Kelli Cardenas Walsh, "Fields, Stagecoach Mary," in Black Women in America ed. Darlene Clark Hine (Oxford University Press, 2005).  Maggie Slepian, "Stagecoach Mary: A Montana Legend," Distinctly Montana  3 May 2023. https://www.distinctlymontana.com/stagecoach-mary  https://arcadiapublishing.com/blogs/news/pioneering-black-women-stagecoach-mary  Erin Blakemore, "Meet Stagecoach Mary, the Daring Black Pioneer Who Protected Wild West Stagecoaches," History, 28 January 2021, https://www.history.com/news/meet-stagecoach-mary-the-daring-black-pioneer-who-protected-wild-west-stagecoaches  "Cathay Williams," Santa Fe Historic Trail, https://www.nps.gov/people/cwilliams.htm  Tamara Shiloh, "Cathay Williams: Buffalo Soldier," Oakland Post (27 March 2019):1.  DeAnne Blanton, "Cathay Williams Black Woman Soldier 1866-1868," Minerva: Quarterly Report on Women in the Military X, no. 3 (1992): 1.  Bruce A. Glasrud and Michael N. Searles, Buffalo Soldiers in the West: A Black Soldiers Anthology (Texas A&M University Press, 2007).  RT: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_harder_they_fall  The Drew Barrymore Show, "Zazie Beetz Tells Drew About Her "The Harder They Fall" Fight Scene with Regina King," https://youtu.be/V3Gr4K_KJhY   "Jay-Z, Jeymes Samuel, and James Lassiter discuss making THE HARDER THEY FALL | Netflix" https://youtu.be/okyZHi4muoo   https://www.rollingstone.com/tv-movies/tv-movie-features/jonathan-majors-abuse-allegations-yale-1234781136/  Holly Rivet, "Love and Death on the Frontier: Finding Ben Reeves at the National Archives," Rediscovering Black History, National Archives, available at https://rediscovering-black-history.blogs.archives.gov/2021/08/18/ben-reeves-at-the-national-archives/ Art T. Burton, "Reeves, Bass," Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture, available at https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=RE020

Today we're traveling back to the San Fernando Valley of the 1970s with Boogie Nights! Join us as we learn all about the impact of VHS on the porn industry, adult film awards, the history of the San Fernando Valley, and more! Sources: Timothy Buzzell, "Demographic Characteristics of Persons Using Pornography in Three Technological Contexts," Sexuality & Culture 9, no.1 (2005): 28-48. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Timothy-Buzzell-2/publication/227101923_Demographic_characteristics_of_persons_using_pornography_in_three_technological_contexts/links/5627ead608ae518e347b2faa/Demographic-characteristics-of-persons-using-pornography-in-three-technological-contexts.pdf  Jonathan Coopersmith, "Sex Vibes and Videotape: Sexuality and Electrical Technology in the 20th Century: The Role of the Pornography Industry in the Development of Videotape and the Internet," http://owncloud.unsri.ac.id/journal/threat/sex_vibes_21century.pdf  Ingrid Rachel Olson, Pornography, Spectatorship, and Sex Education in the VCR Era, Dissertation, The University of British Columbia (2018).  Karl A. Groskaufmanis, "What Films We May Watch: Videotape Distribution and the First Amendment," University of Pennsylvania Law Review 136, no.4 (1988): 1263-1300. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3312163  Peter Alilunas, Smutty Little Movies: The Creation and Regulation of Adult Video (University of California, 2016). https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/j.ctt1d4v0gx  Steven Niedbala, "The Ontology of the Pornographic Image: The Meese Commission and the Rise of Sexual Media," Grey Room 64 (2016): 104-23. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26778436   AFAA Award Ceremonies: A Pictorial History, Part I (1977-1980). The Rialto Report. Available at https://www.therialtoreport.com/2018/08/19/afaa-awards/ Ben Sherlock, "You're Not the King of Dirk: 10 Behind the Scenes Facts About Boogie Nights," ScreenRant, available at https://screenrant.com/boogie-nights-behind-scenes-facts-paul-thomas-anderson-movie/ Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boogie_Nights Oral history of Boogie Nights: http://grantland.com/features/boogie-nights/  Melia Robinson, "How LA's 'Porn Valley' Became the Adult Entertainment Capital of the World", Insider, available at https://www.businessinsider.com/history-of-porn-valley-hugh-hefner-2017-9 Roth v. United States, 1957. Opinion available at https://www.oyez.org/cases/1956/582 Miller v. California, 1973. Opinion available at https://www.oyez.org/cases/1971/70-73 Rose Eveleth, "What Can We Learn from the Porn Industry About HIV?" Smithsonian Magazine, available at https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/what-can-we-learn-from-the-porn-industry-about-hiv-111558622/

This week we're traveling back to the 1970s with our 100th Episode Spectacular!!! Join us as we learn about activists Cleve Jones and Anne Kronenberg, Prop 6, and the Coors Boycott, before we look back on our favorite segments from past episodes.  Sources: Footage of 1978 Board of Supervisors Meeting, Anne Kronenberg: https://archive.org/details/glbths_1999-52_012_sc Photo of Anne Kronenberg Delivering Eulogy, SJSU Archives: https://digitalcollections.sjsu.edu/islandora/object/islandora%3A80_364 Anne Kronenberg, Faculty Biography, available at https://npli.sph.harvard.edu/about/people/anne-kronenberg/ Japhy Grant, "Immortalized in Milk, Anne Kronenberg Still Sees the Big Picture," Queerty, available at https://www.queerty.com/immortalized-in-milk-anne-kronenberg-still-sees-the-big-picture-20090122 Allyson Brantley, "Taking on the Coors Brewing Company (And the Conservative Family Behind It," Public Seminar, available at https://publicseminar.org/essays/taking-on-the-coors-brewing-company-and-the-conservative-family-behind-it/ Taplines Episode on How Coors Busted Its Union and Boosted Its Boycott, available at https://vinepair.com/taplines-podcast/coors-labor-union-boycott/ Allyson Brantly, "The 1970s Beer Boycott Inspiring Amazon Organizers Today," Zocalo, available at https://www.zocalopublicsquare.org/2022/04/21/the-1970s-coors-beer-boycott/ideas/essay/ Cleve Jones, When We Rise: My Life in the Movement (New York: Hachette Books, 2017).  https://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/article/Milk-actors-and-the-people-they-play-3184353.php  "Vote No On Proposition 6" https://www.jstor.org/stable/community.13910627  Jason Edward Black and Charles E. Morris (eds.), An Archive of Hope: Harvey Milk's Speeches and Writings (University of California Press, 2013). https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/j.ctt24hsnt  Jackie M. Blount, "How Sweet It Is!" Counterpoints 367 Sexualities in Education: A Reader (2012): 46-60. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42981383  Katherine Turk, ""Our Militancy is in Our Openness": Gay Employment Rights Activism in California and the Question of Sexual Orientation in Sex Equality Law," Law and History Review 31, no.2 (2013): 423-69. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23489486  Karen Graves, "Presidential Address: Political Pawns in an Educational Endgame: Reflections on Bryant, Briggs, and Some Twentieth-Century School Questions," History of Education Quarterly, 53, no.1 (2013): 1-20.  https://www.jstor.org/stable/24481661  Kirk Honeycutt, "'Milk': Film Review" The Hollywood Reporter (2 November 2008). https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/milk-review-2008-movie-125079/#!   RT: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/milk  https://www.indiewire.com/features/general/emile-hirsch-interview-jail-rehab-1201758602/  Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk_(2008_American_film)  David Edelstein, "'Milk' Is Much More Than A Martyr Movie," Fresh Air NPR (26 November 2008). https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=97518380  

This week we're going back to 1920s Chicago with Ma Rainey's Black Bottom! Join us as we learn about The Defender, some NSFW slang, recording contracts, Ma Rainey's love life, and more! Sources: Katherine A. Bitner, "The Role of the Chicago Defender in the Great Migration of 1916-1918," Negro History Bulletin 48, 2 (1985) James R. Grossman, "Blowing the Trumpet: The Chicago Defender and Black Migration During World War I," Illnois Historical Journal 78, 2 (1985) Mary E. Stovall, "The Chicago Defender in the Progressive Era," Illinois Historical Journal 83, 3 (1990) Chicago Defender Homepage (Current Version): https://chicagodefender.com/ Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma_Rainey%27s_Black_Bottom_(film) K. Allison Hammer, ""Just like a natural man": The B.D. styles of Gertrude "Ma" Rainey and Bessie Smith," Journal of Lesbian Studies (2019): 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1080/10894160.2019.1562284   Robert Springer, "Folklore, Commercialism and Exploitation: Copyright in the Blues," Popular Music 26, no.1 (2007): 33-45. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4500298  Mariana Brandman, "Gertrude "Ma" Rainey (1886-1939)," National Women's History Museum. https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/gertrude-ma-rainey Jas Obrecht, ""See See Rider Blues"--Gertrude "Ma" Rainey (1924)," Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/static/programs/national-recording-preservation-board/documents/Ma%20Rainey.pdf  Edward McClelland, "The Complicated Record Exec Left Out of Ma Rainey's Black Bottom," Chicago Mag (20 January 2021). https://www.chicagomag.com/arts-culture/ma-rainey-j-mayo-williams/   Layli Phillips and Marla R. Stewart, ""I Am Just So Glad You Are Alive": New Perspectives on Non-Traditional, Non-Conforming, and Transgressive Expressions of Gender, Sexuality, and Race Among African Americans," Journal of African American Studies 12, no.4 (2008): 378-400. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41819183  Rebecca Bush, "Woman, Southern, Bisexual," The Public Historian 41, no.2 (2019): 94-115. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/26862126  Steve Goodson, "Gertrude "Ma" Rainey (1886-1939) "Hear Me Talkin' to You"," in Georgia Women: Their Lives and Times eds. Ann Short Chirhart and Kathleen Ann Clark (University of Georgia Press).  https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt175734n.12  Jonathan Ned Katz, "Ma Rainey's "Prove It On Me Blues," 1928: Gertrude "Ma" Rainey's Amazing Resistance Anthem," OutHistory. https://www.outhistory.org/oldwiki/index.php?title=Ma_Rainey%27s_%22Prove_It_On_Me_Blues,%22_1928   Carla Williams, "Blues Music," 2015, http://www.glbtqarchive.com/arts/blues_A.pdf  Complete Timeline of Slang Terms for Vagina: https://timelinesofslang.com/vaginact.html "Pussy," Green's Dictionary of Slang: https://greensdictofslang.com/entry/bl252wa Online Etymology Dictionary: https://www.etymonline.com/word/pussy "Pussy and Pusillanimous" Penn Language Log: https://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=24012#:~:text=There's%20a%20plausible%20and%20well,development%20of%20pussy%20%3D%20female%20genitals https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2p85xj

This week we travel back to 1960s Mississippi with Mississippi Burning! Join us as we learn about the epic tale of the integration of Ole Miss, murderous Klansmen, civil rights activist training, and more! Sources: "James Meredith at Ole Miss" https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/ole-miss-integration  Debbie Elliott, "Integrating Ole Miss: A Transformative, Deadly Riot," NPR Morning Edition (1 Oct 2012). https://www.npr.org/2012/10/01/161573289/integrating-ole-miss-a-transformative-deadly-riot  CW Eagles, "The Fight for Men's Minds: The Aftermath of the Ole Miss Riot of 1962," The Journal of Mississippi History (2009). http://www.jasonklodt.com/s/eagles-fightmensminds.pdf  Charles W. Eagles, The Price of Defiance: James Meredith and the Integration of Ole Miss, (University of North Carolina Press, 2009), 319-71. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5149/9780807895597_eagles.22  "Lawrence A. Rainey, R.I.P.," The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education 38 (2003): 125. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3134229  Renee C. Romano, Racial Reckoning: Prosecuting America's Civil Rights Murders (Harvard University Press, 2014), 26, 46. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt9qdswt.4  Howard Ball, Murder in Mississippi: United States v. Price and the Struggle for Civil Rights (University Press of Kansas, 2004), 7-8, 23, 94-99, 122, 135-40. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1mmfsn9  Kent Spriggs (ed.), Voices of Civil Rights Lawyers: Reflections from the Deep South, 1964-1980 (University Press of Florida, 2017), 177, 180-83, 198, 223, 280-1.  https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/mississippi-burning  "Investigation of the 1964 Murders of Michael Schwerner, James Chaney, and Andrew Goodman," File No. DJ 144-41-686 https://www.justice.gov/crt/case-document/micheal-schwerner-james-chaney-andrew-goodman  "Mississippi Burning (MIBURN) Case Part 1 of 9" FBI Records: The Vault, p73-6. https://vault.fbi.gov/Mississippi%20Burning%20%28MIBURN%29%20Case/Mississippi%20Burning%20%28MIBURN%29%20Case%20Part%201%20of%209/view  Irv Letofsky, "Another Case of Murder in Mississippi: TV movie on the killing of three civil rights workers in 1964 tries to fill in what 'Mississippi Burning' left out," Los Angeles Times (4 Feb 1990): H8.  Jesse Kornbluth, "The Struggle Continues," New York Times (23 July 1989): SM16.  "Mississippi cleric resigns over hiring of ex-sheriff," Chicago Tribune (24 April 1989): 3.  Phyllis Messinger, "Slow Change Marks Town 20 Years After Civil Rights Killings," Hartford Courant (31 July 1984): A7. Paul Hendrickson. "20 Years Ago, in the Heat of the Night: On the Anniversary of the Murders, Mississippi Guards its Memories Mississippi's Longest Summer the Summer of '64." The Washington Post, Jul 10, 1984. "Ex-Sheriff Hits TV for Job Loss." Chicago Defender (Big Weekend Edition), Mar 01, 1975.  "Ex-Sheriff Rainey: He's Haunted by the Past." Boston Globe, Sep 22, 1974.  Craig Smith, "Western Pennsylvanians Recall Their Route to the March on Washington," TribLive, https://archive.triblive.com/local/local-news/western-pennsylvanians-recall-their-route-to-the-march-on-washington/ Jennifer Taylor, "The 1965 Freedom Patrols and the Origins of Seattle's Police Accountability Movement," Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project, available at https://depts.washington.edu/civilr/freedom_patrols.htm Interviews with Sam H. Bowers Jr. Mississippi Department of Archives and History, available at https://da.mdah.ms.gov/bowers/ "Samuel Bowers, 82, Klan Leader Convicted in Fatal Bombing, Dies," New York Times, November 6 2006: https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/06/us/06bowers.html "Klan Leader Sentenced to Life," Southern Poverty Law Center, available at https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/intelligence-report/1998/klan-leader-sentenced-life US Department of Justice Report, Referral to the Attorney General of the State of Mississippi: https://www.justice.gov/crt/case-document/file/1041791/download Roger Ebert, "Mississippi Burning," 9 December 1988. https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/mississippi-burning-1988  Seongyong Cho, "Looking Back at Alan Parker's Mississippi Burning," 9 Sept 2020. https://www.rogerebert.com/far-flung-correspondents/looking-back-at-alan-parkers-mississippi-burning  Robert Brent Toplin, "Mississippi Burning Scorches Historians," Perspectives (1 April 1989). https://www.historians.org/research-and-publications/perspectives-on-history/april-1989/mississippi-burning-scorches-historians  Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mississippi_Burning 

This week we're going back to the 1960s with Boston Strangler! Join us as we learn about the Boston PD's bad advice to women, raids on queer communities, the death of Albert DeSalvo, and more! Sources: James H. Hammond, "Boston 'Strangler' Flees Hospital; Women Are Told to Lock Doors," The Washington Post (25 Feb 1967): 1.  Douglas Crocket, "What Did the Five Strangle Victims Have in Common?" Boston Globe (24 Aug 1962): 4.  Charles Claffey, "9 Stranglings Still Unsolved--And Circle of Fear Widens," Boston Globe (15 Sep 1963): 38.  "Police Working Without Result on Stranglings," Boston Globe (8 July 1962): 6.  Douglas Crocket, "Police Have Queried 3000 Persons in Strangling Case," Boston Globe (20 Jan 1963): 9.  Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.), 09 Dec. 1962. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045462/1962-12-09/ed-1/seq-7/  "What Police Say: 'Women Too Trusting.. Careless'." Boston Globe (1960-), Sep 19, 1965. "Public Faces/Private Lives," The History Project: Documenting LGBTQ Boston, https://www.historyproject.org/exhibition/public-faces-private-lives  Robert B. Kenney, "South Cove Branded Degenerates' Hangout," Boston Globe (8 July 1965): 1.  Joseph Keblinsky, "The Dapper Strikes Out," Boston Globe (11 Jly 1965): A4.  "Remember Scollay Square?" Boston Globe (2 November 1963): 4.  "Rowdy Ways of Scollay Sq. Soon Will Go: Proper Boston Stands the Death Watch," Chicago Daily Tribune (11 March 1962): B8.  Anthony J. Yudis, "Renewal to Oust 28 Liquor Spots: Battle for South Cove," Boston Globe (30 May 1965): 11.  Sixtieth Annual Report of the Police Commissioner for the City of Boston for the Year Ending December 31, 1965. https://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.hl2k7i?urlappend=%3Bseq=33%3Bownerid=116415389-37  Blackwood, Harold. "What People Talk about: Boston Revisited After 20 Years, Ex-Navy Man Likes what He Sees." Boston Globe (1960-), Apr 14 1963, p. 1. ProQuest.  Jan Brogan, The Combat Zone: Murder, Race, and Boston's Struggle for Justice (University of Massachusetts Press, 2021). https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv29g2gxr.6  Anne Gray Fischer, "Boston: The Place is Gone! Policing Black Women to Redevelop Downtown," in The Streets Belong to Us: Sex, Race, and Police Power from Segregation to Gentrification (University of North Carolina Press, 2022). https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5149/9781469665061_fischer.8   "DeSalvo, Confessed Boston Strangler, Found Stabbed to Death in Prison Cell," New York Times, 11/27/1973, available at https://www.nytimes.com/1973/11/27/archives/desalvo-confessed-boston-strangler-found-stabbed-to-death-in-prison.html Susan Kelly, "The Boston Stranglers," Kensington, 2013. Nathan Smith, "The Tenacious Woman Reporters Who Helped Expose the Boston Strangler," Smithsonian, available at https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-tenacious-women-reporters-who-helped-expose-the-boston-strangler-180981786/ Kevin Slane, "Separating Fact From Fiction in the Boston Strangler Movie," Boston.com, available at https://www.boston.com/culture/movies/2023/03/17/boston-strangler-movie-whats-real-not/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_Strangler_(film)

This week we're traveling back to 1970s Iran with Persepolis! Join us as we learn about Qajar princes, the role of the CIA in the Shah's regime, banned music in 1970s Iran, the Iran-Iraq War, and more! Sources: Afshar v. Department of State (1983). Case text available at https://casetext.com/case/afshar-v-department-of-state Richard T. Sale, "SAVAK: A Feared and Pervasive Force," Washington Post, available at https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1977/05/09/savak-a-feared-and-pervasive-force/ad609959-d47b-4b7f-8c8d-b388116df90c/ AJ Langguth, "Torture's Teachers," New York Times, June 11 1979, available at https://www.nytimes.com/1979/06/11/archives/tortures-teachers.html "CIA Confirms Role in 1953 Iran Coup," The National Security Archive, available at https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB435/ Qajar portraits https://asia.si.edu/exhibition/exhibition-highlights/  Miriam Berger, "The divisive legacy of Iran's royal family," The Washington Post (16 January 2020),  https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2020/01/16/divisive-legacy-irans-royal-family/ Yann Richard, Iran: A Social and Political History since the Qajars (Cambridge University Press, 2019).  https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/aug/17/british-spys-account-sheds-light-on-role-in-1953-iranian-coup Eskandari, Mohammad. “Pierre Razoux , The Iran–Iraq War, Trans. Nicholas Elliot (London: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2015). Pp. 640. $39.99 Cloth. ISBN: 9780674088634.” International Journal of Middle East Studies 49, no. 1 (2017): 202–205. Heather Rastovac, "Contending with Censorship: The Underground Music Scene in Urban Iran," Intersections 10, 2 (2009) RT: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/persepolis  Wiki: Kristin Hohenadel, "An Animated Adventure, Drawn From Life," New York Times (21 Jan 2007) https://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/21/movies/21hohe.html  Roger Ebert's review (2008); https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/persepolis-2008  Ranj Alaaldin, "How the Iran-Iraq war will shape the region for decades to come," The Brookings Institute (9 October 2020), https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2020/10/09/how-the-iran-iraq-war-will-shape-the-region-for-decades-to-come/   Bruce Riedel, "Lessons from America's First War with Iran," The Brookings Institute (22 May 2013), https://www.brookings.edu/articles/lessons-from-americas-first-war-with-iran/ 

This week we're going back to 2007 with The Big Short! Join us as we learn about bespoke tranche opportunities, various hedge fund guys, Sofia's predictions for what Millennial side hustles will look like when none of us are retired in 50 years, and more! Sources: Jack Schwager, Hedge Fund Market Wizards: How Winning Traders Win. Wiley, 2012 Indiewire interview with Adam McKay: https://www.indiewire.com/2015/12/interview-adam-mckay-talks-the-big-short-making-a-bourne-style-financial-drama-angering-judd-apatow-more-100043/ John Szramiakje, "Here's the Story of One of the Heroes of the Big Short," Insider, available at https://www.businessinsider.com/michael-burry-life-story-2017-5 Johnny Brayson, "Where the Big Short's Michael Burry Is Today," Bustle, available at https://www.bustle.com/articles/133631-what-is-michael-burry-doing-today-the-big-short-character-is-still-weary-of-the-financial Reed Stevenson and Bloomberg, "Criminally Unjust: Big Short Investor Who Called Subprime Mortgage Collapse Slams Coronavirus Lockdowns," Fortune, available at https://fortune.com/2020/04/07/big-short-michael-burry-subprime-mortgage-coronavirus-lockdowns/ Flaxman et al, "Estimating the Effects of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on COVID-19 in Europe," Nature, available at https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2405-7 John J. McConnell and Stephen A. Buser, "The Origins and Evolution of the Market for Mortgage-Backed Securities," Annual Review of Financial Economics 3 (2011): 173-92, https://www.jstor.org/stable/42940424.  Neil Fligstein and Adam Goldstein, "The Roots of the Great Recession," in The Great Recession eds. David B. Grusky, Bruse Western, and Christopher Wimer (Russel Sage Foundation), https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7758/9781610447508.6  Richard H. Sander, Yana A. Kucheva, and Jonathan M. Zasloff, "The Mortgage Crisis and the Great Recession," Moving toward Integration: The Past and Future of Fair Housing (Harvard University Press, 2018)., https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv24trdcq.28  Donald Palmer and Michael W. Maher, "The mortgage meltdown as normal accidental wrongdoing," Strategic Organization 8, no.1 (2010): 83-91. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23728572   Robert J. Schiller, "Mortgage Lenders and Securitizers," Finance and the Good Society (Princeton University Press),  https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt32bb86.11  John Divine, "What Is a Bespoke Tranche Opportunity?" U.S. News & World Report (16 August 2021), https://money.usnews.com/investing/stock-market-news/articles/what-is-a-bespoke-tranche-opportunity  Adam Uzialko, "The Return of CDOs: Is Another Economic Crisis on the Horizon?" Business News Daily (21 February 2023), https://www.businessnewsdaily.com/10353-cdo-financial-derivatives-economic-crisis.html  Erin Corbett, "Bespoke Tranche Opportunities Vs. CDOs," Bustle (30 March 2016), https://www.bustle.com/articles/150913-how-are-bespoke-tranche-opportunities-collateralized-debt-obligations-different-lets-break-it-down  Hillary E. Crawford, "The Danger of Bespoke Tranche Opportunities," Bustle (5 April 2016), https://www.bustle.com/articles/152086-are-bespoke-tranche-opportunities-dangerous-they-pose-a-risk-just-not-right-away  Christopher Whittall, "RPT-Banks, investors pile back into synthetic CDOs," (29 April 2019), https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSL5N22B5Q2  Christopher Whittall, "Synthetic CDO machine whirrs into gear again," (20 May 2022), https://www.ifre.com/story/3375562/synthetic-cdo-machine-whirrs-into-gear-again-ntzlc1mtzp 

NOTE: This episode was originally posted as a Patreon-only bonus episode.  This week we're talking about the first season of A League of Their Own! Join us as we learn about censored letters in WWII, the code of conduct for the All American Girls Professional Baseball League, and more! Sources: Full text available at https://www.aagpbl.org/history/rules-of-conducthttps://www.aagpbl.org/teams/rockford-peaches/1944  Lisa Taylor/Justina Moloney, "Passed Censor," Folklife Today: American Folklife Center & Veterans History Project, Library of Congress (28 August 2017).  https://blogs.loc.gov/folklife/2017/08/passed-censor/ "Victory Mail," National Postal Museum, Smithsonian. https://postalmuseum.si.edu/exhibition/victory-mail and https://youtu.be/tj_LoG7wStY  Myron Fox, "Censorship!" American Experience, PBS (2000). https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/warletters-censorship/ " Letters Home: Wartime Correspondence from the Natale Bellantoni Papers," Hoover Institution Library & Archives https://histories.hoover.org/letters-home/#:~:text=Throughout%20World%20War%20II%2C%20the,hands%20should%20mail%20be%20intercepted. Devan Coggan, "Abbi Jacobson responds to angry reactions to A League of Their Own: 'Representation matters so much'" Entertainment Weekly (15 August 2022). https://ew.com/tv/a-league-of-their-own-reactions-abbi-jacobson-responds/  Rebecca Nicholson, "A League of Their Own review-- this gorgeous baseball drama is about something far bigger than sport," The Guardian (12 August 2022). https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2022/aug/12/a-league-of-their-own-review-baseball-drama-abbi-jacobson-madonna-movie-remake  Jenna Scherer, "A League Of Their Own serves up a whole new crop of Peaches," AV Club (10 August 2022). https://www.avclub.com/a-league-of-their-own-season-1-review-1849391265  Linda Holmes, "New Peaches, new problems: 'A League of Their Own' makes a successful move to TV," NPR (11 August 2022). https://www.npr.org/2022/08/11/1116855780/a-league-of-their-own-2022-amazon-prime-review  Riese, "32 Excerpts From Really Special “League Of Their Own” Reviews Written By Homophobes Who've Had Quite Enough," Autostraddle, (15 August 2022). https://www.autostraddle.com/32-homophobic-league-of-their-own-reviews/ https://youtu.be/1OvULWYcSjQ