On The Metal

You can find Ken on Twitter at twitter.com/kenshirriff and his blog righto.com.- Soyuz blog post:    http://www.righto.com/2020/01/inside-digital-clock-from-soyuz.html- IBM System/370: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_System/370- Amdahl: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amdahl_Corporation- Build Your Own Z80 Computer:    https://books.google.com/books?id=mVQnFgWzX0AC&pg=PA1#v=onepage&q&f=false- Euler: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonhard_Euler- Commodore PET: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodore_PET- TRS-80 (Trash-80): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRS-80 https://techland.time.com/2012/08/03/trs-80/- Visual 6502: http://www.visual6502.org/- MOS 6502: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOS_Technology_6502- Metallurgy microscope: https://www.amscope.com/compound-microscopes/metallurgical-microscopes.html- AM2900: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMD_Am2900- MOS transistor: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOSFET- Cray-1: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray-1- Intel 4004: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_4004- Datapoint 2200: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datapoint_2200- Intel 8008: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_8008- Endianness: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endianness- TTL chips: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor%E2%80%93transistor_logic- Big Endian and Little Endian:    https://chortle.ccsu.edu/AssemblyTutorial/Chapter-15/ass15_3.html- Xerox Alto: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xerox_Alto- Charles Simonyi: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Simonyi- Punched cards: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punched_card- Why did line printers have 132 columns?:    https://retrocomputing.stackexchange.com/questions/7838/why-did-line-printers-have-132-columns- Teletype 33: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teletype_Model_33- Analogue computer: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_computer- Analogue computer thread: https://twitter.com/kenshirriff/status/1223675683387265024- Differential analyser: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_analyser- Bitcoin mining on a 1401:    http://www.righto.com/2015/05/bitcoin-mining-on-55-year-old-ibm-1401.html- Mining bitcoin with pencil and paper: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y3dqhixzGVo- Bitcoin mining on a Xerox Alto:    http://www.righto.com/2017/07/bitcoin-mining-on-vintage-xerox-alto.html- Bitcoin mining on the Apollo Guidance computer:    http://www.righto.com/2019/07/bitcoin-mining-on-apollo-guidance.html- Colossus computer: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colossus_computer- Accounting machine: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accounting_machine- Memory phosphor: https://www.britannica.com/science/memory-phosphor- Rowhammer: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Row_hammer- Core memory: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic-core_memory- Williams tube: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williams_tube- Core rope memory: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Core_rope_memory- Honeywell 800: https://people.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/h800.html- Honeywell 1800: https://www.computerhistory.org/brochures/doc-4372956da1170/    http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/BRL64-h.html#HONEYWELL-1800- SPARC delayed branching:    https://arcb.csc.ncsu.edu/~mueller/codeopt/codeopt00/notes/delaybra.html- IBM 360 Model 50: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_System/360_Model_50- RR Auction: https://www.rrauction.com/

You can find Star on Twitter at https://twitter.com/starsandrobots. Super Munchers: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munchers Metrowerks CodeWarrior: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CodeWarrior RadioShack (RIP): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RadioShack "Marilyn Monroe's World War II Drone Program": https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/04/upshot/marilyn-monroes-world-war-ii-drone-program.html Radioplane Company: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioplane_Company Piasecki PA-97: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piasecki_PA-97 TacoCopter: https://tacocopter.com/ TacoCopter on HackerNews: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=3742676 TacoCopter's cameo on Stephen Colbert: http://www.cc.com/video-clips/53yh09/the-colbert-report-thought-for-food---tacocopter Wired on TacoCopter: https://www.wired.com/2012/03/qa-with-tacocopter/ FAA Section 333 (now Section 44807): https://www.faa.gov/uas/advanced_operations/certification/section_44807/ FAA Part 107: https://www.faa.gov/uas/media/part_107_summary.pdf Canidu: http://www.canidu.com/ Boeing 737 MAX: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_737_MAX Road train: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_train Checklists: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checklist United Airlines Channel 9: https://www.flyertalk.com/forum/united-airlines-mileageplus/726789-consolidated-interesting-things-heard-channel-9-thread-merged.html United Airlines ad from 1990: https://www.youtube.com/watch/mU2rpcAABbA TRACON-II PC game: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracon_II National Transportation Safety Board: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Transportation_Safety_Board ValuJet 592: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ValuJet_Flight_592 Amelia Earhart: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amelia_Earhart Skunk Works by Ben Johnson: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/101438.Skunk_Works Lockheed Skunk Works: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skunk_Works Clarence "Kelly" Johnson: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelly_Johnson_(engineer) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_(Unix_shell) Who Owns the Sky?: The Struggle to Control Airspace from the Wright Brothers On by Stuart Banner: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6402086-who-owns-the-sky Turbulent Skies by T. A. Heppenheimer: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1492469.Turbulent_Skies Hard Landing by Thomas Petzinget: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/438607.Hard_Landing SKYGODS: The Fall of Pan Am by Robert Gandt: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13010881-skygod Deregulation Knockouts: Round One by Tom Norwood: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/4718255-deregulation-knockouts Convertiplane: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convertiplane The Dream Machine: The Untold History of the Notorious V-22 Osprey by Richard Whittle: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/8008152-the-dream-machine

You can find John on Twitter at [twitter.com/jgrahamc](https://twitter.com/jgrahamc).- Babbage overview and the Difference Engine:    https://www.computerhistory.org/babbage/overview/- Difference Engine No. 2 at the London Science Museum:    https://collection.sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk/objects/co526657/difference-engine-no-2-designed-by-charles-babbage-built-by-science-museum-difference-engine- BBC Micro: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC_Micro- Sinclair ZX81: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZX81- BBC Micro Advanced User Guide:    http://stardot.org.uk/mirrors/www.bbcdocs.com/filebase/essentials/BBC%20Microcomputer%20Advanced%20User%20Guide.pdf- Sharp MZ-80K: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharp_MZ- John's TED Talk, The greatest machine that never was: https://www.ted.com/talks/john_graham_cumming_the_greatest_machine_that_never_was- Hilbert's Problems: https://mathworld.wolfram.com/HilbertsProblems.html- Gödel's incompleteness theorems: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/goedel-incompleteness/- The Lovelace–De Morgan mathematical correspondence - A critical re-appraisal: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0315086017300319- The mathematical correspondence of Ada Lovelace and Augustus De Morgan:    https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2867731.2867738- Douglas Engelbart: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Douglas-Engelbart- "Mother of all demos": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yJDv-zdhzMY- John's OSCON talk "Turing's Curse": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hVZxkFAIziA- Design of the RISC-V Instruction Set Architecture:    https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~krste/papers/EECS-2016-1.pdf- Engines of Creation - The Coming Era of Nanotechnology: https://www.amazon.com/Engines-Creation-Nanotechnology-Scientific-Revolution/dp/1872180469/ref=tmm_hrd_swatch_0?_encoding=UTF8&qid=&sr=

Welp, that's a wrap for the first season of the On the Metal podcast. Join us as we reminisce about some of our favorite parts (although it was very hard to choose). We also uncover some aspects of the podcast you never heard about! While this is the end of the first season, we absolutely cannot wait for the second season. Thank you so much for listening, we will be back soon!

On this episode of On the Metal, we interview legendary game designer and programmer Jonathan Blow. Join along as Jonathan takes us from collision detection on the Atari 800, through porting Doom to SGI's famous set-top box, starting a game company at the worst possible time, his adventures with the (in)famous Cell processor, making several hit games -- and his more recent experiences with a new programming language of his own creation.

On this episode of On the Metal, we interview Jon Masters, computer architecture raconteur, microprocessor enfant terrible, and Patron Saint of Lost Computational Causes. Join us as we learn why Jon hates simultaneous multithreading, why he loves UEFI (?!) -- and when we can expect the supremacy of the quantum blockchain.

On this episode of On the Metal, we interview Rick Altherr, who has experience working all over the stack. Join us as we discuss impossible bugs, fires in the data center, reverse engineering BMC firmware, BMC vulnerabilities, Cray computers, and Windows NT on MIPS. Yup you heard that right!

On this episode of On the Metal, we interview Kenneth Finnegan, internet exchange homebrewer. Join us as we delight in the underbelly of the internet, learn about OG ASNs, run upon illegal cabling -- and thrill in the discovery of a root DNS server thirty feet away.

On this episode of On the Metal, we interview Trammell Hudson. Trammell has some of the most interesting side projects related to every single hardware / software interface you can imagine. Join us as we step into the negative privilege rings with stories of reverse engineering lightbulbs & a Canon 5D Mark 2, hacking a Mac SE, dissecting modchips, evil maid attacks, and more.

On this episode of On the Metal, we interview Tom Lyon, Sun Microsystems employee #8, network storage pioneer and systems software polymath. Join us as Tom recounts losing bits in the hallway at Princeton, the peril of software-refreshed DRAM, and how to write a token ring driver from scratch in two weeks and still be mistaken for someone from sales. Along the way, Jess, Bryan and Tom nerd out about first calculators, favorite editors, and hard tabs.

On this episode of On the Metal, we interview Ron Minnich. Ron has had a fascinating career working on the interface between software and hardware. Join us to hear a mesmerizing conversation about Unix, Plan9, LinuxBIOS, Chromebooks, RISC-V, of course some Gentoo jokes, flip flop programming toys, and more!

On this episode of On the Metal, we interview Amir Michael. Join us as we listen to stories of growing up and coming up in Silicon Valley, from answering a Craigslist ad during the Dot Com Bust for a company with a funny name, through starting a project at Facebook that became an industry-wide movement -- with many exciting tales in between!

On this episode of On the Metal, we interview Jeff Rothschild. Jeff has had a fascinating journey solving all sorts of fun problems at various levels of the stack. He is most widely known as being a co-founder of Veritas Software and the first VP of Engineering at Facebook, but his story does not start there. Join us as we hear Jeff’s stories from his impressive technical endeavors including disassembling MS-DOS, editing machine code in an octal editor, trolling coworkers in error messages, the origin story of ftruncate, and more.

Welcome to our new podcast, On the Metal! As a part of starting Oxide Computer Company, we decided to also create the podcast we always wanted. It’s unapologetically technical and as Jess says, “the nerdiest podcast on the face of the planet.” Join us as we interview various guests from the hardware / software interface. Their stories have captivated us all and kept us wanting more, we can’t wait to share them with you! Stay tuned!