Podcasts about vilayanur ramachandran

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Vilayanur Ramachandran

Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: The Apologist and the Revolutionary, published by Scott Alexander on the LessWrong. Rationalists complain that most people are too willing to make excuses for their positions, and too unwilling to abandon those positions for ones that better fit the evidence. And most people really are pretty bad at this. But certain stroke victims called anosognosiacs are much, much worse. Anosognosia is the condition of not being aware of your own disabilities. To be clear, we're not talking minor disabilities here, the sort that only show up during a comprehensive clinical exam. We're talking paralysis or even blindness1. Things that should be pretty hard to miss. Take the example of the woman discussed in Lishman's Organic Psychiatry. After a right-hemisphere stroke, she lost movement in her left arm but continuously denied it. When the doctor asked her to move her arm, and she observed it not moving, she claimed that it wasn't actually her arm, it was her daughter's. Why was her daughter's arm attached to her shoulder? The patient claimed her daughter had been there in the bed with her all week. Why was her wedding ring on her daughter's hand? The patient said her daughter had borrowed it. Where was the patient's arm? The patient "turned her head and searched in a bemused way over her left shoulder". Why won't these patients admit they're paralyzed, and what are the implications for neurotypical humans? Dr. Vilayanur Ramachandran, leading neuroscientist and current holder of the world land-speed record for hypothesis generation, has a theory. One immediately plausible hypothesis: the patient is unable to cope psychologically with the possibility of being paralyzed, so he responds with denial. Plausible, but according to Dr. Ramachandran, wrong. He notes that patients with left-side strokes almost never suffer anosognosia, even though the left side controls the right half of the body in about the same way the right side controls the left half. There must be something special about the right hemisphere. Another plausible hypothesis: the part of the brain responsible for thinking about the affected area was damaged in the stroke. Therefore, the patient has lost access to the area, so to speak. Dr. Ramachandran doesn't like this idea either. The lack of right-sided anosognosia in left-hemisphere stroke victims argues against it as well. But how can we disconfirm it? Dr. Ramachandran performed an experiment2 where he "paralyzed" an anosognosiac's good right arm. He placed it in a clever system of mirrors that caused a research assistant's arm to look as if it was attached to the patient's shoulder. Ramachandran told the patient to move his own right arm, and the false arm didn't move. What happened? The patient claimed he could see the arm moving - a classic anosognosiac response. This suggests that the anosognosia is not specifically a deficit of the brain's left-arm monitoring system, but rather some sort of failure of rationality. Says Dr. Ramachandran: The reason anosognosia is so puzzling is that we have come to regard the 'intellect' as primarily propositional in character and one ordinarily expects propositional logic to be internally consistent. To listen to a patient deny ownership of her arm and yet, in the same breath, admit that it is attached to her shoulder is one of the most perplexing phenomena that one can encounter as a neurologist. So what's Dr. Ramachandran's solution? He posits two different reasoning modules located in the two different hemispheres. The left brain tries to fit the data to the theory to preserve a coherent internal narrative and prevent a person from jumping back and forth between conclusions upon each new data point. It is primarily an apologist, there to explain why any experience is exactly what its own theory would have predicted. The right b...

Are emotions really separate from rationality? Is trusting science similar to religious faith? Do poetry and mythic archetypes disclose a reality beyond the material world? What might characters like Mr. Spock reveal about logical thinking? For this week's Bonus, Julian explores the relationships between scientific and religious world views through the lenses of emotions, metaphors, and the brain. He draws on clips from neuroscientist Antonio Damasio, philosopher Julia Galef,  linguist George Lakoff, biology professor Robert Sapolsky, and neurologist Vilayanur Ramachandran.Show NotesThis Time With Feeling: David Brooks and Antonio Damasio40/40 Vision Lecture: Neurology and the Passion for ArtGeorge Lakoff - How Does Philosophy Illuminate the Physical World? 24. SchizophreniaThe Straw Vulcan, Julia Galef Skepticon 4

Tomado del libro Eso lo Explica Todo: ideas bellas, profundas y elegantes sobre cómo funciona el mundo. Edición de John Brockman.

Psicologia biológica: Como nosso cérebro funciona --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/pedro-mendes-ju00fanior/message

Voilà cinq cents ans que les membres fantômes hantent discrètement la littérature médicale. Il appartient à Vilayanur Ramachandran (1951- ), … Lire la suite

In this edition of CARTA’s Evolutionary Origins of Art and Aesthetics Series, two world-renowned scientists, neurologist Vilayanur Ramachandran and neurobiologist Jean-Pierre Changeux share their insights into the neurobiology that mediates our perception of universal qualities essential to the human experiences of aesthetics and creativity. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 16194]

In this edition of CARTA’s Evolutionary Origins of Art and Aesthetics Series, two world-renowned scientists, neurologist Vilayanur Ramachandran and neurobiologist Jean-Pierre Changeux share their insights into the neurobiology that mediates our perception of universal qualities essential to the human experiences of aesthetics and creativity. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 16194]

Autismus mag viele Ursachen haben. Michael Springer beschreibt zwei mögliche Erklärungen von Vilayanur Ramachandran: die Spiegelneurone und die Salience-Landscape-Theorie. In den Nachrichten: Superhelden und mitfühlende Roboter.