Japanese Grammar Tips

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Examples sentences: やさい　も　たべなさい。 Eat vegetables, too. あした　は　はやく　おきなさい。 Get up early tomorrow. ここ　に　こたえ　を　かきなさい。 Write your answer here. はしる　のを　やめなさい。 Stop running. ゲームする　のを　やめなさい。 Stop playing the video game. Instagram: www.instagram.com/yuyaman1986 Online Japanese Lesson: butters1986.com/online-talk/

Instagram: www.instagram.com/yuyaman1986 Online Japanese Lesson: butters1986.com/online-talk/

In this lesson, I will introduce myself just using Japanese. I want you to listen carefully and try to understand the meaning. こんにちは、わたし　の　なまえ　は　さとうゆうや　です。 とうきょう　に　すんでいます。 ３４さい　です。 ほん　を　よむの　が　すきです。 ITきぎょう　で　はたらいています。 よろしくおねがいします。 References: Noun A "no" Noun B https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Noun-A-no-Noun-B-emo577 The Particle "wa" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/The-Particle-wa-en50i0 X is Y https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/X-is-Y-emkiua All 9 Case Particles https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/All-9-Case-Particles-eprp9v Numbers in Japanese https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Numbers-in-Japanese-emj500 Changing a verb into a noun describing an action https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Changing-a-verb-into-a-noun-describing-an-action-env5hs X likes Y / X dislikes Y https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/X-likes-Y--X-dislikes-Y-encubj Difference between the particle "wa" and "ga" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Difference-between-the-particle-wa-and-ga-eo0cgc Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/yuyaman1986/

※sorry, some voice has not been reflected after edit... maybe Anchor's bug. We hardly ever use the word あなた in the natural conversation. In this lesson, I will introduce you the fun fact about あなた. First Examples: あなた　かばん　わすれてます　よ。 You left your bag. You need to take it. あなた　きょう　は　なんじ　に　かえります　か？ What time are you coming home today? Second Examples: あなた　の　じこしょうかい　を　してください。 Could you please introduce yourself? あなた　の　しぼうどうき　は　なんです　か？ What is your motive for application? Third Examples: あなた　わたし　の　くつ　ふみました　よね？ You stepped on my shoe, didn't you? あなた　なにさまのつもり？ Who do you think you are?

In this lesson, I will introduce you the verb form called "causative form". ちち　は　わたし　に　トマト　を　たべさせました。 My father made me eat tomato. はは　は　わたし　に　くすり　　を　のませました。 My mother made me take a medicine. せんせい　は　がくせい　に　きょうかしょ　を　よませました。 The teacher made the students read a text book. おかあさん　は　こども　に　マンガ　を　よませました。 The mother let the child read a comic book. References: Verb Conjugation https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Verb-Conjugation-emv716 Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Te-forms-enfaqj Progressive Form https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Progressive-Form-enjvbc Volitional Form https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Volitional-Form-epmave ば-form https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/-form-er8f82 Passive Sentence #1 https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Passive-Sentence-1-e10ffo6 Passive Sentence #2 https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Passive-Sentence-2-e10hcve Passive Sentence #3 https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Passive-Sentence-3-e10nv8i

In this lesson, I will introduce you how to describe "I want someone to do something" using the te-form of a verb plus the adjective ほしい. たなかさん　に　これ　を　たべてほしいです。(affirmative sentence) I want Ms. Tanaka to eat this. たなかさん　に　これ　を　たべてほしくないです。(negative sentence) たなかさん　に　これ　を　たべないでほしいです。(negative sentence) すずきさん　に　きてほしいです。(affirmative sentence) I want Mr. Suzuki to come. すずきさん　に　きてほしくないです。(negative sentence) すずきさん　に　こないでほしいです。(negative sentence) かとうさん　に　しずかにしてほしいです。(affirmative sentence) I want Mr. Kato to be quiet. References: I want to do something https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/I-want-to-do-something-eod5r2 I want something https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/I-want-something-epa75c All 9 Case Particles https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/All-9-Case-Particles-eprp9v Adjective + する https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Adjective-e120vh2 Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Te-forms-enfaqj

In this lesson, I will introduce you the expression using the adjective plus the irregular verb する to describe making something in a certain state. With い-Adjective: この　とけい　は　たかすぎる　ので、やすくしてください。 Because this watch is too expensive, please make it cheaper. でんき　を　あかるくしてください。 Please brighten the light. With な-Adjective: しずかにしてください。 Please be quiet. へや　を　きれいにしました。 I cleaned up the room.(I made the room clean.) References: Adjectives https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Adjectives-en9o8v How to describe the status change of adjectives https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-describe-the-status-change-of-adjectives-eo7rv9 Expression for "too much" using すぎる https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Expression-for-too-much-using-eol93n How to explain the reason using ので https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-explain-the-reason-using-eons27 The Expressions of Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/The-Expressions-of-Te-forms-engt2g

In this lesson, I will introduce you owner's passive sentence. だれか　が　あし　を　ふみました。(active sentence) Someone stepped on my shoe. あし　が　だれか　に　ふまれました。(direct passive sentence) My shoe was stepped on by someone. だれか　に　あし　を　ふまれました。(owner's passive sentence) My shoe was stepped on by someone. だれか　が　さいふ　を　ぬすみました。(active sentence) Someone stole my wallet. さいふ　が　だれか　に　ぬすまれました。(direct passive sentence) My wallet was stolen by someone. だれか　に　さいふ　を　ぬすまれました。(owner's passive sentence) My wallet was stolen by someone. References: Passive Sentence #1 https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Passive-Sentence-1-e10ffo6 Passive Sentence #2 https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Passive-Sentence-2-e10hcve

おとうと　が　チョコレート　を　たべました。（active sentence with transitive verb) My younger brother ate a chocolate. チョコレート　が　おとうと　に　たべられました。(direct passive sentence) A chocolate was eaten by my younger brother. おとうと　に　チョコレート　を　たべられました。(indirect passive sentence) A chocolate was eaten by my younger brother. (I was annoyed by my younger brother) あめ　が　ふりました。(active sentence with intransitive verb) It rained. あめ　に　ふられました。(indirect passive sentence) I was annoyed by rain. ( if I would translate) Reference: Passive Sentence #1 https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Passive-Sentence-1-e10ffo6

In this lesson, I will introduce you how to make passive sentences. In Japanese, passive sentences are divided into two kinds, which is direct passive sentence and indirect passive sentence. I am explaining about direct passive sentence in this lesson. ライオン　が　シマウマ　を　たべました。(active sentence) シマウマ　が　ライオン　に　たべられました。(passive sentence) おかあさん　が　こども　を　おこりました。(active sentence) こども　が　おかあさん　に　おこられました。(passive sentence) References: All 9 Case Particles https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/All-9-Case-Particles-eprp9v Verb Conjugation https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Verb-Conjugation-emv716 Transitive Verbs and Intransitive Verbs https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Transitive-Verbs-and-Intransitive-Verbs-eqmp4e

In this lesson, I will introduce you basic phrases we often use to describe vagueness. きょう　あめ　ふる　かな? Do you think it will rain today? たぶん　ね。 Maybe. きょう　なに　する　の？ What are you going to do today? たぶん　にほんご　の　べんきょう　する。 Maybe, I will study Japanese. あの　ひと　は　たぶん　すずきさん　だ。 That person may be Mr. Suzuki. すずきさん　は　パーティ　に　きます　か？ Is Mr. Suzuki coming to the party? おそらく。 Maybe. おそらく　きょう　は　あめ　が　ふる　だろう。 Maybe, it will rain today. きょう　は　あめ　が　ふる　きがする。 I feel that it will rain today. これ　は　たかい　きがする。 I feel that this is expensive. すずきさん　は　きょう　げんき　が　ない　きがする。 I feel that Mr. Suzuki is not fine today. メアリーさん　は　イギリス人な　きがする。 I feel that Ms. Mary is British. なんで　ほっかいどう　に　りょこう　に　いくの？ Why are you going to Hokkaido for travel? なんとなく　ね。 Just because. すずきさん　は　きょう　なんとなく　げんき　が　ない。 I don't know the reason, but Mr. Suzuki doesn't seem to be fine today.

In this lesson, I will introduce you how to describe the situation which has been brought about by someone on purpose. きょうしつ　の　でんき　が　つけてあります。 The light is on in the classroom. きょうしつ　の　でんき　を　つけておきます。 I will turn the light on in the classroom. テーブル　に　ごはん　が　のこしてあります。 There is the meal left on the table. テーブル　に　ごはん　を　のこしておきます。 I will leave the meal on the table. References: Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Te-forms-enfaqj There is X https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/There-is-X-en68s2 ～ておく https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/ep-eps867 Transitive Verbs and Intransitive Verbs https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Transitive-Verbs-and-Intransitive-Verbs-eqmp4e

In this lesson, I will introduce you how to describe something is easy to do or hard to do by using やすい and にくい. When やすい follows the verb stem, you can describe something is easy to do. When にくい follows the verb stem, you can describe something is hard to do. この　ぎゅうにく　は　やわらかいので、たべやすいです。 Because this beef is tender, it is easy to eat. この　ぎゅうにく　は　かたいので、たべにくいです。 Because this beef is tough, it is hard to eat. この　スマホ　は　つかいやすいです。 This smartphone is easy to use. この　スマホ　は　つかいにくいです。 This smartphone is hard to use. とうきょう　は　すみやすいです。 Tokyo is livable. とうきょう　は　すみにくいです。 Tokyo is not livable. Reference: How to explain the reason using ので https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-explain-the-reason-using-eons27 Online Talk Service: https://butters1986.com/online-talk/

In this lesson, I will introduce you how to describe that you do something without doing something by using ないで. きょう　は　あそび　に　いかないで、いえ　で　べんきょうします。 I will study at home without going to play today. きょう　は　あさごはん　を　たべないで、がっこう　に　いきました。 I went to school without eating a breakfast today. きのう　の　よる　は　テレビ　を　みないで、ねました。 I went to bed without watching TV last night. Rerefence: The Purpose of Movement + go https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/The-Purpose-of-Movement--go-eno23j Online Talk Service: https://butters1986.com/online-talk/

In this lesson, I will introduce you how to say something is supposed to be the case by using はずです. きょう　は　てんき　が　いいので　すずきさん　は　こうえん　に　いくはずです。 Because it's sunny today, Mr. Suzuki must be going to the park. きょう　は　やすみなので　すずきさん　は　まだ　ねているはずです。 Because today is a holiday, Mr. Suzuki must be still sleeping. この　えいが　は　とても　にんきなので　おもしろいはずです。 Because this movie is very popular, it should be fun. どうろ　の　むこう　なら　しずかなはずです。 Here is noisy, but it should be quiet across the street. きょう　は　たいふうなので　たいかい　は　ちゅうしのはずです。 Because today is a typhoon, the convention should be cancelled. References: How to explain the reason using ので https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-explain-the-reason-using-eons27 Result of a Change https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Result-of-a-Change-enlf3o なら https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/ep-ep5bcc I have rolled out a online talk service to support your Japanese learning. If you are interested, please check this link. https://butters1986.com/online-talk/

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In this lesson, I will introduce you how to express your gratitude for a specific action by using the te-form of a verb + くれてありがとう. すずきさん　が　チョコレート　を　くれました。 Mr. Suzuki gave me a chocolate. すずきさん　が　にほんご　を　おしえて　くれました。 Mr. Suzuki taught me Japanese. にほんご　を　おしえて　くれてありがとう。(Casual) にほんご　を　おしえて　くださってありがとうございました。(Honorific, for a completed action) にほんご　を　おしえて　くださってありがとうございます。(Honorific, for an ongoing action) Thank you for teaching me Japanese. パーティ　に　きて　くれてありがとう。(Casual) パーティ　に　きて　くださってありがとうございました。(Honorific, for a completed action) Thank you for coming to the party. References: Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Te-forms-enfaqj Expression of "give"（あげる、くれる）and "receive"（もらう） https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Expression-of-giveand-receive-epj2es

The te-form of a verb + よかったです means "I'm glad that I did something" or "I'm glad that it was the case". きょう　はやく　おきて　よかったです。 I'm glad that I got up early today. *おきる→おきて(te-form) きょう　すずきさん　に　あえて　よかったです。 I'm glad that I could meet you(Suzuki-san) today. *あう→あえる(potential verb)→あえて(te-form of the potential verb) *あう→あって(te-form) パーティ　に　いかなくて　よかったです。 I'm glad that I didn't go to the party. *いく→いかなくて(negative te-form) きょう　じゅぎょう　を　やすまなくて　よかったです。 I'm glad that I didn't skip the class today. *やすむ→やすまなくて(negative te-form) References: ば-form https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/-form-er8f82 Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Te-forms-enfaqj Potential Verbs #1 https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Potential-Verbs-1-eoqaoi Potential Verbs #2 https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Potential-Verbs-2-eorp21

The ば-forms of a verb represents hypothetical situation or activity. For ば-forms of the affirmative, drop the final vowel "u" and add "eba". ex) たべる(taberu)→たべれば(tabereba) いく(iku)→いけば(ikeba) くる(kuru)→くれば(kureba) For ば-forms of the negative, drop the final い and add ければ. ex) たべない→たべなければ いかない→いかなければ こない→こなければ ばよかったです means "I wish I had done something" or "I should have done something". なければよかったです means "I wish I had not done something" or "I should not have done something". あさごはん　を　たべればよかったです。 I should have eaten breakfast. きのう　パーティ　に　いけばよかったです。 I should have been to the party yesterday. よなか　に　ラーメン　を　たべなければよかったです。 I should not have eaten a ramen noodle in the middle of the night. きのう　パーティ　に　いかなければよかったです。 I should not have been to the party yesterday. References: Verb Conjugation https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Verb-Conjugation-emv716 Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Te-forms-enfaqj Volitional Form https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Volitional-Form-epmave

わたし　は　よく　おんがく　を　ききながら　さんぽ　を　します。 I often take a walk while listening to music. あるきながら　スマホ　を　いじってはいけません。 You must not play with the smart phone while you are walking. ごはん　を　たべながら　スマホ　を　いじるのは　よくないです。 It is bad to play with a smart phone while you are eating a meal. References: Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Te-forms-enfaqj The Expressions of Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/The-Expressions-of-Te-forms-engt2g Changing a verb into a noun describing an action https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Changing-a-verb-into-a-noun-describing-an-action-env5hs

しゅくだい　を　やってしまいました。 I finished doing homework. さいふ　を　いえ　に　わすれてしまいました。 I inadvertently left my wallet at home. がっこう　に　おくれてしまいました。 I was late for school. ひるごはん　を　たべてしまいました。 I have finished eating lunch. てしまう： わすれてしまいました→わすれちゃいました わすれてしまった→わすれちゃった でしまう： のんでしまいました→のんじゃいました のんでしまった→のんじゃった References: Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Te-forms-enfaqj The Expressions of Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/The-Expressions-of-Te-forms-engt2g Te-forms for adjectives and nouns with です https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Te-forms-for-adjectives-and-nouns-with-enmm5n

＜そうですね＞ そうですね is used in basically two ways. First, show your agreement or understanding on someone's remark. Second, make time to think when we are asked some questions. You can also use そうだね instead of そうですね in the casual speech. ＜なるほど＞ なるほど is used to show that you understand someone's remark or explanation. ＜ええ＞ ええ is used to show that you are actively listening to what the speaker talks. ええ is used in the formal speech. You can say うん in the casual speech. References: Basic Japanese Daily Phrases https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Basic-Japanese-Daily-Phrases-emg8q3 Random Useful Expressions https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Random-Useful-Expressions-en3j7l Random Useful Expressions 2 https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Random-Useful-Expressions-2-enbbrk Random Japanese Slangs https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Random-Japanese-Slangs-epeboc Random Japanese Slangs #2 https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Random-Japanese-Slangs-2-eptu4n

さとうさん　が　ドア　を　あけました。 Mr. Sato opened the door. ドア　が　あきました。 The door opened. ＊あける(transitive)-あく(intransitive) すずきさん　が　でんき　を　つけました。 Mr. Suzuki turned the light on. でんき　が　つきました。 The light went on. ＊つける(transitive)-つく(intransitive) References: Japanese Verbs-Transitive and Intransitive http://nihongo.monash.edu/ti_list.html All 9 Case Particles https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/All-9-Case-Particles-eprp9v Particles "wo", "de", "ni", and "he" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Particles-wo--de--ni--and-he-en1dme Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

みたいです follows a noun and express that something or someone has the similar characteristics to the thing or the person described by the noun. この　あじ　は　とりにく　みたいです。 This tastes like chiken. あの　ひと　は　めがみ　みたいです。 That person is like Goddess. からだ　が　なまり　みたいです。 My body is like a lead. あの　ひと　は　さいふ　を　わすれた　みたいです。 It looks like, that person forgot to bring the wallet. この　とけい　は　こわれている　みたいです。 It looks like, this watch is broken. すずきさん　が　いない　みたいです。 It looks like, Mr. Suzuki is not around here. References: Introduction to Plain Forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Introduction-to-Plain-Forms-enp0g3 Actual Conversations Using Plain Forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Actual-Conversations-Using-Plain-Forms-enqrpc Plain Forms in Past Tense https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Plain-Forms-in-Past-Tense-eoe8fp Actual Conversation Using Past Tense Plain Forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Actual-Conversation-Using-Past-Tense-Plain-Forms-eof5oo Result of a Change https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Result-of-a-Change-enlf3o It looks like https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/It-looks-like-ep1lvq Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

In this lesson, I will introduce you how to describe "does not need to do something" using なくてもいいです. なくて in なくてもいいです is the negative te-form. あやまらなくてもいいです　よ。 あやまらなくていいです　よ。(slightly more casual) You don't need to apologize. *あやまらなくて is the negative te-form of a verb あやまる, which means "apologize". あした　は　やすみなので　はやく　おきなくてもいいです。 あした　は　やすみなので　はやく　おきなくていいです。(slightly more casual) Because tomorrow is a holiday, I don't need to get up early. *おきなくて is the negative te-form of a verb おきる, which means "get up". いそがなくてもいいです　よ。 いそがなくていいです　よ。(slightly more casual) You don't need to hurry. *いそがなくて is the negative te-form of a verb いそぐ, which means "hurry". References: Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Te-forms-enfaqj How to apologize for the things you have done https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-apologize-for-the-things-you-have-done-eq5910 Sentence-ending particle "ne" and "yo" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Sentence-ending-particle-ne-and-yo-emureo How to explain the reason using ので https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-explain-the-reason-using-eons27 You have to do something https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/You-have-to-do-something-eootdo You had better do something https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/You-had-better-do-something-eomelf Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

A たら B means if the condition A is met, the situation B will be realized accordingly. いえ　に　かえったら　テレビ　を　みます。 When I go home, I will watch the TV. おおさか　に　いったら　たこやき　を　たべます。 When I go to Osaka, I will eat takoyaki. A describes a possible condition: あした　あめ　が　ふったら　おまつり　は　ちゅうしです。 If it rains tomorrow, the festival will be canceled. その　みせ　の　りょうり　が　おいしかったら　また　いくかもしれません。 If the food at the restaurant is good, I may be going there again. あした　おまつり　が　ちゅうしだったら　いえ　で　テレビ　を　みます。 If the festival is canceled tomorrow, I will watch the TV at home. A describes a condition which is unreal or hypothetical: わたし　が　あなただったら　その　さそい　は　ことわります。 If I were you, I would turn down the invitation. おかね　が　たくさん　あったら　いえ　を　かいたいです。 If I had much money, I would want to buy a house. References: Plain Forms in Past Tense https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Plain-Forms-in-Past-Tense-eoe8fp Maybe～ https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Maybe-epcqd6 There is X https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/There-is-X-en68s2 I want to do something https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/I-want-to-do-something-eod5r2 Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

You need to use the te-form of a verb plus すみませんでした to show your apology. We often say すいませんでした instead of すみませんでした for the easy pronunciation. おくれて　すみませんでした。(formal) おくれて　ごめん。(casual) I'm sorry for being late. まちがえて　すみませんでした。(formal) まちがえて　ごめん。(casual) I'm sorry for making a mistake. パーティ　に　まにあわなくて　すみませんでした。(formal) パーティ　に　まにあわなくて　ごめん。(casual) I'm sorry for not coming to the party by the time. パーティ　に　こなくて　すみませんでした。(formal) パーティ　に　こなくて　ごめん。(casual) I'm sorry for not coming to the party. References: Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Te-forms-enfaqj The Expressions of Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/The-Expressions-of-Te-forms-engt2g Te-forms for adjectives and nouns with です https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Te-forms-for-adjectives-and-nouns-with-enmm5n Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

In this lesson, I will introduce you three ways of making a request using the te-form of a verb. They have different degrees of politeness, so you need to differentiate them depending on who you are talking to. First one, the te-form of a verb plus いただけませんか. (polite expression) Second one, the te-form of a verb plus くれませんか.(less polite, but still somewhat polite) Third one, the te-form of a verb plus くれない？(casual expression) にほんご　を　おしえて　いただけませんか。 Would you teach me Japanese? *おしえて is the te-form of a verb, おしえる, which means "teach" or "tell". とうきょうえき　まで　の　みち　を　おしえて　いただけませんか。 Would you tell me the way to the Tokyo station? にほんご　を　おしえて　くれませんか。 Will you teach me Japanese? ペン　を　かして　くれませんか。 Will you lend me your pen? *かして is the te-form of a verb, かす, which means "lend". にほんご　おしえて　くれない。 Teach me Japanese, will you? ペン　かして　くれない。 Lend me your pen, will you? にほんご　おしえて。 Teach me Japanese. ペン　かして。 Lend me your pen. References: Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Te-forms-enfaqj The Expressions of Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/The-Expressions-of-Te-forms-engt2g All 9 Case Particles https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/All-9-Case-Particles-eprp9v Twitter: https://twitter.com/Butters1986Yuya

＜うまい＞ サッカー　うまい　です　ね。 サッカー　じょうず　です　ね。 You are good at soccer. うまい！ Tasty! ＜いじる＞ きかい　を　いじる。 I play with the machine. あんまり　いじらないで　ください　よー。 Please don't make fun of me like that. ＜うざい＞ あの　ひと　うざい。 That person is disgusting. ＜へこむ＞ じこ　で　くるま　が　へこんだ。 Because of the car accident, the car got the dent. きのう　さいふ　なくした。　まじ　へこむ　わ。 I lost my wallet yesterday. I really feel down. たかい→たか この　とけい　は　たかい　です。 この　とけい　たか！ This watch is expensive. うまい→うま うま！ Tasty! やすい→やす この　とけい　は　やすい　です。 この　とけい　やす！ This watch is cheap. References: Random Japanese Slangs https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Random-Japanese-Slangs-epeboc Basic Japanese Daily Phrases https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Basic-Japanese-Daily-Phrases-emg8q3 Random Useful Expressions https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Random-Useful-Expressions-en3j7l Random Useful Expressions 2 https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Random-Useful-Expressions-2-enbbrk Adjectives https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Adjectives-en9o8v Sentence-ending particle "ne" and "yo" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Sentence-ending-particle-ne-and-yo-emureo Twitter: https://twitter.com/Butters1986Yuya

In this lesson, I will introduce you the new expression ておく. ておく is made up of the te-form of a verb plus the helping verb おく and describes an action performed in preparation for something. きょう　は　さむく　なる　ので　エアコン　を　つけておきます。 きょう　は　さむく　なる　から　エアコン　を　つけとく　ね。(in casual speech) Because it will be cold today, I will turn on the air conditioner. しりょう　を　ここ　に　おいておきます。 しりょう　を　ここ　に　おいとく　ね。(in casual speech) I put the document here. References: Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Te-forms-enfaqj How to describe the status change of adjectives https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-describe-the-status-change-of-adjectives-eo7rv9 How to explain the reason using ので https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-explain-the-reason-using-eons27 How to Explain the Reason by Using the Word "から" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-Explain-the-Reason-by-Using-the-Word-enibdg Sentence-ending particle "ne" and "yo" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Sentence-ending-particle-ne-and-yo-emureo Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

が is mainly used to express the subject, but also can be used to express the objecct. Subject: さとうさん　が　いきます。 Mr.Sato will go. Object: ハンバーガー　が　たべたいです。 I want to eat a hamburger. を is used to express the object of action, the starting point and the passing point of movement, and so on. Object: ハンバーガー　を　たべます。 I will eat a hamburger The starting point: きょう　は　6:00　に　いえ　を　でます。 I will leave home at 6:00 today, The passing point: まいあさ　こうえん　を　さんぽします。 I walk in the park every morning. に is used to express the place of the existence, time, the arrival point of action, taker of the item, the objective, and so on. The place of the existence: りんご　が　つくえ　の　うえ　に　あります。 There is an apple on the table. Time: きょう　は　6:00　に　いえ　を　でます。 I will leave home at 6:00 today. The arrival point of action: きょう　マクドナルド　に　いきます。 I will go to McDonald's today. Taker of the item: さとうさん　は　すずきさん　に　プレゼント　を　あげました。 Mr. Sato gave a present to Mr. Suzuki. The objective: かいもの　に　いきます。 I will go shopping. で is used to express the place where the action or event take place, method, cause or reason, subject, and so on. The place where the action or event take place: きょう　こうえん　で　サッカー　を　します。 I will play soccer at the park. Method: まいにち　くるま　で　かいしゃ　に　いきます。 I go to the workplace by the car everyday. Cause or reason: きょう　かぜ　で　がっこう　を　やすみました。 I took leave from school because of cold. Subject: みんな　で　サッカー　を　します。 Everyone will play soccer all together. と is used to express someone with whom doing something cooperatively, someone who are interecting with, and so on. Someone in cooperation: きょう　はは　と　ケーキ　を　つくります。 I will make a cake with my mother today. Someone in interaction: きょう　すずきさん　と　けんか　を　しました。 I had a fight with Mr. Suzuki today. へ is used to express the direction. Mostly, へ can be replaced with に. Direction: きょう　マクドナルド　へ　いきます。 I will go to McDonald's today. から is used to express the starting point of time or place, the material, and so on. The starting point of time: その　えいが　は　10:00　から　はじまります。 That movie will start from 10. The starting point of place: いま　いえ　から　しゅっぱつ　します。 I'm leaving home now. The material: チーズ　は　牛乳　から　つくられます。 Cheeze is made from milk. より is used to express the comparison, the starting point, and so on. Comparison: にほん　より　アメリカ　のほうが　おおきいです。 The United States is bigger than Japan. The starting point: さくじつ　より　ゆき　が　ふりはじめました。 It started to snow since yesterday. まで is used to express the arrival point of time or place, and so on. The arrival point of time: きょう　は　6:00　まで　はたらきます。 I will work until six today. The arrival point of place: とうきょう　まで　くるま　で　いきます。 I will go to Tokyo by the car. Referrence: Comparison between Two Items https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Comparison-between-Two-Items-eo3tpc

わたし　は　ハンバーガー　を　たべます。 I eat a hamburger. * This is the verb sentence and たべます is the predicate. この　えいが　は　おもしろいです。 This movie is interesting. * This is the adjective sentence and おもしろいです is the predicate. さとうさん　は　にほんじんです。 Mr. Sato is Japanese. * This is the noun sentence and にほんじんです is the predicate. さとうさん　すずきさん　たなかさん　しょうかいしました。 *しょうかいしました is past affirmative of しょうかいする, introduce. * This sentence does not make sense since it is missing the case particles. If you use the case particles, the sentence will be, さとうさん　が　すずきさん　に　たなかさん　を　しょうかいしました。 Mr. Sato introduced Mr. Tanaka to Mr. Suzuki. References: All 9 Case Particles https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/All-9-Case-Particles-eprp9v Particles "wo", "de", "ni", and "he" https://anchor.fm/dashboard/episode/en1dme Sentence-ending particle "ne" and "yo" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Sentence-ending-particle-ne-and-yo-emureo The Particle "wa" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/The-Particle-wa-en50i0 Difference between the particle "wa" and "ga" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Difference-between-the-particle-wa-and-ga-eo0cgc Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

In this lesson, I will show you the use of volitional form in conjunction with とおもっています. When you use the volitional form plus とおもっています, you can express your willingness or decision. きょう　なに　を　たべます　か。 What are you going to eat today? ハンバーガー　を　たべよう　とおもっています。 I'm going to eat a hamburger. ハンバーガー　を　たべよう　とおもいます。 I'm going to eat a hamburger. *When you use おもっています, it tend to imply that the decision has been already made. *When you use おもいます, it implies the decision has been just made at the time of speaking. ハンバーガー　を　たべる　とおもいます。 I think I will eat a hamburger. よるごはん　は　なに　を　つくります　か。 What are you going to cook for dinner? カレー　を　つくろう　とおもいます。 I'm going to cook curry. カレー　を　つくろう　とおもっています。 I'm going to cook curry. References: Volitional Form https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Volitional-Form-epmave How to say "I think that" in Japanese https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-say-I-think-that-in-Japanese-ens5gf Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

In this lesson, I will introduce you a new form, which is called volitional form. You can use the volitional form of a verb when you suggest a plan in a casual speech. It is like casual expression of ましょう. る-Verbs:You need to drop the final る and add よう. ex) たべる,eat→たべよう, みる,see, watch, look at→みよう う-Verbs: You need to drop the final vowel "u" an add "oo". ex) いく(iku),go→いこう(ikoo) はなす(hanasu),speak→はなそう(hanasoo) Irregular Verbs: くる,come, will become こよう. する, play or do, will become しよう. おなか　すいた　ね。　なにか　たべよう。 I'm hungry. You, too? Let's eat something. きょう　ひま。　えいが　を　みにいこう。 Are you free today? Let's go to see a movie. まだ　さとうさん　きてない　ね。　もうすこし　まとう。 Mr. Sato has not arrived yet. Let's wait for a little bit more. どの　ふく　を　かおう　か。 Which clothes should we buy? てつだおう　か。 Shall I help you? References: How to say "Let's do something" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-say-Lets-do-something-enh5ds Verb Conjugation https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Verb-Conjugation-emv716 Sentence-ending particle "ne" and "yo" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Sentence-ending-particle-ne-and-yo-emureo How to say "something" and "anything" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-say-something-and-anything-eo1h9r The Purpose of Movement + go https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/The-Purpose-of-Movement--go-eno23j Present Perfect Tesnse https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Present-Perfect-Tesnse-eo3oir Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

In this lesson, I will introduce you how to say, "why don't you do something" in Japanese. You need to use past affirmative of a verb in plain forms followed by らどうですか。 もうすこし　はやく　おきたらどうですか。 もうすこし　はやく　おきたらどう。 もうすこし　はやく　おきたら。 Why don't you get up a little bit earlier? あした　びょういん　に　いったらどうですか。 あした　びょういん　に　いったらどう。 あした　びょういん　に　いったら。 Why don't you go to a hospital tomorrow? もっと　べんきょうしたらどうですか。 もっと　べんきょうしたらどう。 もっと　べんきょうしたら。 Why don't you study more? なんか　いったら。 Why don't you say something? References: Plain Forms in Past Tense https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Plain-Forms-in-Past-Tense-eoe8fp You have to do something https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/You-have-to-do-something-eootdo You had better do something https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/You-had-better-do-something-eomelf Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

In this lesson, I will introduce you the expression of "give" and "receive" in Japanese. For the first use, giving and receiving something. あげる： せんせい　が　がくせい　に　ほん　を　あげる。 A teacher gives a book to a student. わたし　が　おとうと　に　ほん　を　あげる。 I give a book to my younger brother. くれる： せんせい　が　わたし　に　ほん　を　くれる。 A teacher gives me a book. せんせい　が　おとうと　に　ほん　を　くれる。 A teacher gives a book to my younger brother. もらう： わたし　が　せんせい　に　ほん　を　もらう。 I receive a book from a teacher. For the second use, giving and receiving of thanks, appreciation, or benefit. あげる： せんせい　が　がくせい　に　にほんご　を　おしえてあげる。 A teacher teaches Japanese to a student. くれる： せんせい　が　わたし　に　にほんご　を　おしえてくれる。 A teacher teaches me Japanese. わたし　を　うんでくれて　ありがとう。 Thank you for giving birth. もらう： わたし　が　せんせい　に　にほんご　を　おしえてもらう。 I am taught Japanese by a teacher. References: Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Te-forms-enfaqj The Expressions of Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/The-Expressions-of-Te-forms-engt2g Te-forms for adjectives and nouns with です https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Te-forms-for-adjectives-and-nouns-with-enmm5n Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

In this lesson, I will introduce you the typical way how we Japanese native speakers distinguish verb conjugation groups. You can tell whether a verb is a う-verb or a る-verb by conjugating the verb into negative plain forms, which is ない forms. If you can hear the vowel あ(a) before ない(nai), it is a う verb. If you can hear the vowel either え(e) or い(i) before ない(nai), it is a る verb. Dictionary Form: かく(kaku) Negative Plain Forms: かかない(kakanai) Dictionary Form: はしる(hashiru) Negative Plain Forms: はしらない(hashiranai) * When you can hear the vowel あ(a) before ない(nai), verb conjugation group will be う verb. Dictionary Form: たべる(taberu) Negative Plain Forms: たべない(tabenai) Dictionary Form: みる(miru) Negative Plain Forms: みない(minai) *When you can hear the vowel either え(e) or い(i)before ない(nai), verb conjugation group will be う verb. References: Verb Conjugation https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Verb-Conjugation-emv716 Present Tense Conjugation https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Present-Tense-Conjugation-en0a2r Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

きのう　さいふ　なくした！　まじ　ありえない！ I lost my wallet yesterday! I can't believe it! きのう　かのじょ　と　わかれた。 I broke up with my girlfriend yesterday. まじ。 Really? まじで。 Really? If you joked which was supposed to be funny, but actually wasn't funny and nobody laughed, you can say, すべった！ あした　テスト　か。べんきょう　しないと　やばい。 There will be a test tomorrow. I gotta study or screw up tomorrow. When you eat something delicious, you can say, これ　やばい！ References: Basic Japanese Daily Phrases https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Basic-Japanese-Daily-Phrases-emg8q3 Random Useful Expressions https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Random-Useful-Expressions-en3j7l Random Useful Expressions 2 https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Random-Useful-Expressions-2-enbbrk Twitter: https://twitter.com/Butters1986Yuya

In this lesson, I will introduce you how to describe "something may be the case", using かもしれません. かもしれません follows the plain form of predicates. かもしれません can be replaced with かもしれない or even かも in casual conversation. あした　は　あめ　が　ふるかもしれません。 あした　は　あめ　が　ふるかもしれない。 あした　は　あめ　が　ふるかも。 It may rain tomorrow. さとうさん　は　かぜをひいているので　きょう　がっこう　に　こないかもしれません。 さとうさん　は　かぜをひいているので　きょう　がっこう　に　こないかもしれない。 さとうさん　は　かぜをひいているので　きょう　がっこう　に　こないかも。 Because Mr. Sato has a cold, he may not be coming to school today. あそこ　に　いくのは　あぶないかもしれません。 あそこ　に　いくのは　あぶないかもしれない。 あそこ　に　いくのは　あぶないかも。 It may be dangerous to go there. あそこ　で　あるいている　ひと　は　さとうさんかもしれません。 あそこ　で　あるいている　ひと　は　さとうさんかもしれない。 あそこ　で　あるいている　ひと　は　さとうさんかも。 The person walking over there may be Mr. Sato. あれ　たなかさん　じゃない。 She is Ms. Tanaka, isn't she? あー　そうかも。 Hmm... maybe so. あした　あめ　かー　かいもの　いかないかも。 Too bad, it will rain tomorrow, I may not be going shopping then. References: Introduction to Plain Forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Introduction-to-Plain-Forms-enp0g3 How to explain the reason using ので https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-explain-the-reason-using-eons27 Noun Modification Using a Progressive Form https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Noun-Modification-Using-a-Progressive-Form-eo2g5k Changing a verb into a noun describing an action https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Changing-a-verb-into-a-noun-describing-an-action-env5hs Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

In this lesson, I will introduce how to describe "I want something" in Japanese, and you need to use ほしい. この　とけい　が　ほしいです。 I want this watch. この　とけい　は　ほしくないです。 I don't want this watch. くるま　が　ほしいです。 I want a car. くるま　は　ほしくないです。 I don't want a car. いま　なに　が　ほしいです　か。 What do you want now? あたらしい　じてんしゃ　が　ほしいです。 I want a new bike. さとうさん　は　とけい　を　ほしがっています。 It seems like Mr. Sato wants a watch. すずきさん　は　くるま　を　ほしがっています。 It seems like Mr. Suzuki wants a car. References: I want to do something https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/I-want-to-do-something-eod5r2 Verb Conjugation https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Verb-Conjugation-emv716 Present Tense Conjugation https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Present-Tense-Conjugation-en0a2r Adjectives https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Adjectives-en9o8v X likes Y / X dislikes Y https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/X-likes-Y--X-dislikes-Y-encubj Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

きのう　いちじかん　べんきょう　を　しました。 I studied for an hour yesterday. * You simply put "じかん" after each number to describe "for ～ hours". いっしゅうかん　ずっと　あめ　が　ふっています。 It has been raining for a week. いっかげつ　しごと　を　やすみました。 I took leave from work for a month. いちねん　とうきょう　で　はたらきました。 I worked in Tokyo for a year. いちにち　に　さんかい　は　を　みがきます。 I brush my teeth three times a day. *Period に Frequency いっしゅうかん　に　いつか　がっこう　に　いきます。 I go to school five days a week. いちにち　に　なんじかん　はたらきますか。 How many hours do you work a day? はちじかん　ぐらい　はたらきます。 I work for about eight hours. Reference: Numbers in Japanese https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Numbers-in-Japanese-emj500 Particles "wo", "de", "ni", and "he" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Particles-wo--de--ni--and-he-en1dme Twitter: https://twitter.com/Butters1986Yuya

The functions of なら are "contrast" and "limitation". さしみ　を　たべたことが　あります　か。 Have you ever eaten sashimi before? すし　なら　たべたことが　あります。 I have never eaten sashimi, but I have eaten sushi. にく　は　たべられます　か。 Can you eat meats? とりにく　なら　たべられます。 I can eat chickens, but I can not eat other kind of meats. おさけ　は　すきです　か。 Do you like alcohol? ビール　なら　すきです。 I like beer, but I don't like the other kind of alcohol so much. References: How to describe your experience https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-describe-your-experience-eog5ti Potential Verbs #1 https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Potential-Verbs-1-eoqaoi Potential Verbs #2 https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Potential-Verbs-2-eorp21 Introduction of Question Sentences https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Introduction-of-Question-Sentences-emmh81 X likes Y / X dislikes Y https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/X-likes-Y--X-dislikes-Y-encubj Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

In this lesson, I will introduce you how to express the idea of "trying something" in Japanese. You use the te-form of a verb plus the helping verb みる. きのう　はじめて　すし　を　たべてみました。 I tried eating Sushi for the first time yesterday. *たべて is a te-form of たべる, eat *みました is past affirmative of the helping verb みる わたし　も　この　えいが　を　みてみます。 I will also try watching this movie. *みて is a te-form of みる, watch, look at, see *みますis present affirmative of the helping verb みる にほんじん　の　ともだち　に　にほんご　で　はなしてみました。 I tried talking to one of my Japanese friends in Japanese. *はなして is a te-form of はなす, speak or talk *みました is past affirmative of the helping verb みる References: Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Te-forms-enfaqj The Expressions of Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/The-Expressions-of-Te-forms-engt2g Noun A "no" Noun B https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Noun-A-no-Noun-B-emo577 Noun + "mo" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Noun--mo-ems3if Describing the method using the particle "de" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Describing-the-method-using-the-particle-de-eo9egi Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

In this lesson, I will introduce you how to describe "it looks like" in Japanese. You use そうです following adjective bases to guess what something is like based on your impression. With い-adjectives, you drop the final い and add そうです. ex) おいしい→おいしそうです　たのしい→たのしそうです　たかい→たかそうです With な-adjectives, you drop な and add そうです ex) げんき（な）→げんきそうです　じょうぶ（な）→じょうぶそうです　がんこ（な）→がんこそうです The exception is an adjective いい, which means good. いい changes to よさそうです. この　たべもの　は　おいしいです。 This food is tasty. この　たべもの　は　おいしそうです。 This food looks tasty. この　たべもの　は　おいしくなさそうです。 This food does not look tasty. この　とけい　は　たかくないです。 This watch is not expensive. この　とけい　は　たかそうです。 This watch looks expensive. この　とけい　は　たかくなさそうです。 This watch does not look expensive. あの　ひと　は　げんきではないです。 That person is not fine. あの　ひと　は　げんきそうです。 That person looks fine. あの　ひと　は　げんきではなさそうです。 That person does not look fine. この　いす　は　じょうぶではないです。 This chair is not durable. この　いす　は　じょうぶそうです。 This chair looks durable. この　いす　は　じょうぶではなさそうです。 This chair does not look durable. この　とけい　のほうが　あの　とけい　より　よさそうです。 It looks like, this watch is better that that one. これ　は　たのしそうな　えいが　です　ね。 It looks like, this is the interesting movie. あの　ひと　は　おいしそうな　たべもの　を　たべていまｓ。 That person is eating some food which look tasty. これ　たべる。 Do you eat this? いや　まずそうだから　いいや。 No, I don't. It looks like, tastes bad. References: Adjectives https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Adjectives-en9o8v Noun Modification Using Adjectives https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Noun-Modification-Using-Adjectives-enb76j Comparison between Two Items https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Comparison-between-Two-Items-eo3tpc How do you say "this thing" and "that one" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-do-you-say-this-thing-and-that-one-empojo Progressive Form https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Progressive-Form-enjvbc Sentence-ending particle "ne" and "yo" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Sentence-ending-particle-ne-and-yo-emureo Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

When you want to mention not only one reason but also two or more reasons, you can use the word し. マクドナルド　の　ハンバーガー　は　やすいし　おいしいし　さいこうです。 Hamburgers at McDonald's are so good because they are cheap and tasty. マクドナルド　の　ハンバーガー　は　やすいですし　おいしいですし　とても　すきです。 I like hamburgers at McDonald's so much because they are cheap and tasty. この　まち　は　きれいだし　しずかだし　だいすきです。 I really like this town because it's beautiful and quiet. この　まち　は　きれいですし　しずかですし　だいすきです。 I really like this town because it's beautiful and quiet. あの　みせ　は　もう　いかない　な。 I wouldn't go to that restaurant again. たかいし　まずいし　さいあくだった　から　ね。 Because it was expensive and bad taste, totally bad. References: Introduction to Plain Forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Introduction-to-Plain-Forms-enp0g3 Adjectives https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Adjectives-en9o8v Sentence-ending particle "ne" and "yo" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Sentence-ending-particle-ne-and-yo-emureo X likes Y / X dislikes Y https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/X-likes-Y--X-dislikes-Y-encubj How to Explain the Reason by Using the Word "から" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-Explain-the-Reason-by-Using-the-Word-enibdg Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

In this lesson, I will introduce you the way of describing ability or possibility using verb dictionary form + ことができる. わたし　は　にほんご　を　はなす　ことができます。 I can speak Japanese. この　バナナ　は　くさっているので　たべる　ことができません。 Because this banana is rotten, it is not edible. きのう　は　ねつ　が　あったので　がっこう　に　いく　ことができませんでした。 Because I had a fever yesterday, I wasn't able to go to school. References: Potential Verbs #1 https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Potential-Verbs-1-eoqaoi Potential Verbs #2 https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Potential-Verbs-2-eorp21 How to explain the reason using ので https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-explain-the-reason-using-eons27 Result of a Change https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Result-of-a-Change-enlf3o Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

In this lesson, I will explain more about potential verbs. Potential verbs themselves conjugate as regular Ru-verbs. Ex) よめる(Potential verb of よむ, read) Polite Forms: -Present affirmative: よめます -Present negative: よめません -Past affirmative: よめました -Past negative: よめませんでした Plain Forms: -Present affirmative: よめる -Present negative: よめない -Past affirmative: よめた -Past negative: よめなかった Te-forms:よめて Ex) たべられる(Potential verb of たべる, eat) Polite Forms: -Present affirmative: たべられます -Present negative: たべられません -Past affirmative: たべられました -Past negative: たべられませんでした Plain Forms: -Present affirmative: たべられる -Present negative: たべられない -Past affirmative: たべられた -Past negative: たべられなかった Te-forms:たべられて わたし　は　にほんご　が　はなせます。 I can speak Japanese. *はなせます is present affirmative in polite forms of はなせる, which is the potential verb of はなす, speak. わたし　は　かんじ　が　よめません。 I cannot read Kanji. *よめません is present negative in polite forms of よめる, which is the potential verb of よむ, read. けが　を　しているので　うごけません。 Because I'm injured, I cannot move. *うごけません is present negative in polite forms of うごける, which is the potential verb of うごく, move. References: Potential Verbs #1 https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Potential-Verbs-1-eoqaoi Verb Conjugation https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Verb-Conjugation-emv716 Introduction to Plain Forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Introduction-to-Plain-Forms-enp0g3 Te-forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Te-forms-enfaqj How to explain the reason using ので https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-explain-the-reason-using-eons27 Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

In this lesson, I will introduce you how to describe the ability of someone or possibility of something. You need to know the potential verbs to describe the ability or possibility. Conjugation patters of potential verbs are categorized by 3 groups of verbs, which are Ru-verbs, U-verbs, and irregular verbs. Ru-Verbs: You need to drop the final る and add られる. ex) たべる-たべられる/ みる-みられる * In the spoken language, we often remove ら from られる. This is called ra-less forms and considered grammatically incorrect. However, it is getting more acceptable in reality. ra-less forms: ex) たべる-たべれる/ みる-みれる U-Verbs: You need to drop the last vowel "u" and add "e" "r" "u". ex) よむ(yomu)-よめる(yomeru)/うごく(ugoku)-うごける(ugokeru) Irregular Verbs: くる-こられる/ する-できる わたし　は　にほんご　が　はなせます。 I can speak Japanese. わたし　は　かんじ　が　よめません。 I cannot read Kanji. けが　を　しているので　うごけません。 Because I am injured, I cannot move. References: Verb Conjugation https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Verb-Conjugation-emv716 How to explain the reason using ので https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-explain-the-reason-using-eons27 Result of a Change https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Result-of-a-Change-enlf3o Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

In this lesson, I will introduce you the expression for "You have to do something" or "You must do something" in Japanese. You use なければいけません or なきゃいけません. あした　は　はやく　おきなければいけません。 あした　は　はやく　おきなきゃいけません。 I have to get up early tomorrow. きのう　は　はやく　おきなければいけませんでした。 きのう　は　はやく　おきなきゃいけませんでした。 I had to get up early yesterday. きょう　は　ねつ　が　あるので　がっこう　を　やすまなければいけません。 きょう　は　ねつ　が　あるので　がっこう　を　やすまなきゃいけません。 Because I have a fever today, I have to be absent from school. きのう　は　ねつ　が　あったので　がっこう　を　やすまなければいけませんでした。 きのう　は　ねつ　が　あったので　がっこう　を　やすまなきゃいけませんでした。 Because I had a fever yesterday, I had to be absent from school. らいしゅう　は　かれし　と　デートなので　やせなければいけません。 らいしゅう　は　かれし　と　デートなので　やせなきゃいけません。 Because I have a date with my boyfriend next week, I have to lose some weight. きょう　べんきょうしなきゃいけない。 きょう　べんきょうしなきゃ。 I have to study today. きょう　カラオケ　いかない。 How about going to Karaoke today? ごめん　きょう　は　べんきょうしなきゃ。 Sorry, I have to study today. References: Introduction to Plain Forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Introduction-to-Plain-Forms-enp0g3 Actual Conversations Using Plain Forms https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Actual-Conversations-Using-Plain-Forms-enqrpc How to explain the reason using ので https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-explain-the-reason-using-eons27 Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986

In this lesson, I will introduce you the expression ので, which is quite similar to から. ので is also used to give the reason for the situation. きのう　のみすぎたので　あたま　が　いたいです。 Because I drank too much yesterday, I have a headache. きのう　おそく　ねたので　ねむいです。 I went to bed late last night, I am sleepy. きょう　は　クリスマスなので　にぎやかです。 Because today is Christmas, it's crowded. きのう　は　クリスマスだったので　にぎやかでした。 Because yesterday was Christmas, it was crowded. きょうと　は　きれいなので　また　いきたいです。 Because Kyoto is beautiful, I want to go there again. きょうと　は　きれいだったので　また　いきたいです。 Because Kyoto was beautiful, I want to go there again. この　ゲーム　は　たのしいので　また　やりましょう。 Because this video game is fun, let's play it again. この　ゲーム　は　たのしかったので　また　やりましょう。 Because this video game was fun, let's play it again. References: How to Explain the Reason by Using the Word "から" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-Explain-the-Reason-by-Using-the-Word-enibdg Expression for "too much" using すぎる https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Expression-for-too-much-using-eol93n Describing a Person's Feature https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Describing-a-Persons-Feature-ennovs Past Tense of Adjectives https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/Past-Tense-of-Adjectives-en9trh How to say "Let's do something" https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/How-to-say-Lets-do-something-enh5ds I want to do something https://anchor.fm/yuya-sato/episodes/I-want-to-do-something-eod5r2 Twitter: https://twitter.com/yuyaman1986