Podcast appearances and mentions of scarlet road

That irresistible urge, the attraction, the anticipation and excitement for the slightest touch. Rachel calls it skin hunger. Rachel Wotton is a Sex Worker living in Inner Sydney, Churchill Fellow and PhD candidate at Western Sydney University. Her PhD is about exploring the experiences of people with disabilities accessing sex workers in Australia. Susan and Rachel talk about the misconceptions of two marginalised communities, the legacy of her 2011 documentary Scarlet Road, how her work has helped many people with disabilities to find independence and confidence and how she helped get sex work on the NDIS. We want to make a follow up episode with Rachel with questions by you! Ask anything here: https://bit.ly/HaveTheNerveRachelWotton. You will remain anonymous. Information about what we've discussed in the episode:Rachel Wotton: https://www.rachelwotton.com/Participate in her survey and read more about Rachel's research: http://www.pasa-research.com.au/Scarlet Road documentary: https://www.scarletroad.com.au/about/Winston Churchill Trust Fellow, 2016: https://www.churchilltrust.com.au/fellow/rachel-wotton-nsw-2016/Touching Base: https://www.touchingbase.org/NDIS funds used to pay for sex workers, court rules (Guardian article, 2020): https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2020/may/12/ndis-funds-pay-sex-workers-court-rulesNDIS and Sex Work (Touching Base): https://www.touchingbase.org/ndis-and-sex-work/CreditsThis episode has been written, produced and edited by Susan Wood with assistance by Michelle Kearney and Nathan Mikhael. Logo art by Cobie Ann Moore.Spinal Cord Injuries Australia is a for-purpose organisation that supports people with a spinal cord injury and other neurological conditions. For more information about our supports and services visit our Resource Hub at https://bit.ly/ResourceHubSCIA.

This week we watched the 2011 Australian documentary Scarlet Road about Rachel Wotton an Australian sex worker and activist specialising in clientele with disabilities. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/threedudespod/message

周末八卦：老年痴呆新药真的能起死回生吗？老年痴呆（AD）的新药研发可谓竞争激烈，但至今没有一个能活过三期临床研究。就在5天前，这个领域出了件大事。也就是2020年11月2日，Nature Medicine发了一个新闻《阿杜单抗aducanumab临床研究的事后分析真的能使这个药起死回生吗？》总部位于美国麻省剑桥市的BIOGEN是一个主攻神经系统疾病,自身免疫性疾病的生物制药公司。 BIOGEN公司研发的阿杜单抗（aducanumab）的3期临床研究，ENGAGE研究和EMERGE研究，2015年开始启动，2019年因为中期分析没有达到预期终点，研究被终止，而且一度被公司从官网上删除了。但是，今年7月，BIOGEN公司又宣称先前的分析错了，虽然ENGAGE研究没有达到预期的终点，但是EMERGE研究中，高剂量组的患者认知功能障碍的减退速度延缓了。而且已经向FDA提出了新药上市的申请，这是大家都始料未及的。FDA咨询委员会会议公告 (1)11月4日，周三，FDA发布了对于阿杜单抗（aducanumab）新药申请的综述。 综述里FDA对一个有效的三期临床试验和一个小型的安全实验给予了肯定。 FDA总结：“ BIOGEN 提供了非常有说服力的证据来证明药物的有效性。 ” 同时，FDA认为对于药物安全性的担忧是可以通过药品说明书标签的文字来解决。综述同时弱化了对此类药物的负面看法， 认为BIOGEN的药和其他竞争对手不同的，其他的药物的实验失败可能是实验设计不好造成的。但让人最无法理解的是，虽然综述官方的语气对阿杜单抗非常的认可，但是综述的统计分析部分的结论却和综述的官方语气有很大的不同。 在统计分析里，FDA的专家认为BIOGEN停止了两项三期实验导致实验无法按照计划正常结束。 援引统计专家的结论： “整体的数据看上去不能支持最大剂量的有效性。最好的情况下，也只能说有一个研究得倒了阳性结果，然而另一个研究的结果直接与之有冲突。”同一篇综述里，前后两段居然意见相差这么，十分令人惊讶。FDA在批准前，不仅需要采纳统计专家的意见，还需要进行第三方专家讨论和投票；在听取各方意见之后，FDA拥有最终审批权。 这篇综述发表的当天，BIOGEN的股票涨了160亿美元（44%）。 投资者的兴奋是可以理解的。原因在于如果被批准，此药即将是第一个早期AD的药物。更可观的是，仅仅在美国，到2025年的适应症患者就会有100万人，而此药可能成为有史以来全球销售额最高的药物。2025年的销售额预计可以达到75亿美元。 如果不能被批准，公司现在只有一个已经销售多年的多发性硬化的药物，销售额在年年递减。可以说，这一个药物一旦批准，不但让公司起死回生，还能一步登天。四种针对淀粉样蛋白的新药 (2)大量证据表明-淀粉样蛋白在AD的发病机制中起着起始作用。然而，只有少数抗淀粉样蛋白制剂在临床试验中显示出有意义的疗效。四种近期有可能获得批准的药物包括：三种可注射的单克隆抗体（阿杜单抗aducanumab、甘特单抗gantenerumab和BAN2401），以及一种小分子口服药物ALZ-801。这四种药物的药理学作用、对β淀粉样蛋白的选择性、血浆半衰期、血脑屏障渗透性和达到脑内峰值所需的时间均决定了他们的最终临床效果。但总的来说，这四种药物的共同特征是：可以不同程度的、和可溶性的β样淀粉蛋白低聚物结合。其中阿杜单抗（aducanumab）和甘特单抗（gantenerumab）靶向β淀粉样蛋白低聚体、主要清除不溶性淀粉样斑块；BAN2401优先靶向可溶性原纤维（较大的低聚物），而不是斑块；ALZ-801可以在不结合斑块的情况下，阻止聚合物的形成。在临床研究中，药物对低聚物的选择性程度、和脑组织的暴露程度驱动了临床疗效，而斑块的清除被认为与血管源性脑水肿有关。目前只有最高剂量的阿杜单抗（aducanumab）和BAN2401显示出适度的疗效，更高的剂量受到血管源性脑水肿风险增加的限制，特别是在ApoE4基因携带者中。AD患者约有15%是ApoE4/4基因纯合子，约有2/3是ApoE4基因的携带者。但是ALZ-801，作为一种选择性抑制β淀粉样蛋白低聚物生成的小分子物质，因为不通过清除淀粉样斑块起效，则不存在这个问题。在目前的临床研究中，脑脊液、血浆和影像学生物标志物的监测可以加深我们对于可溶性β淀粉样蛋白低聚物在AD发病机制中的作用及其对疾病进展的影响。阿杜单抗（Aducanumab）(3)2012年，多中心的2期临床研究PRIME研究启动，筛选前驱期、或轻型的AD患者166人。2015年，PRIME研究的中期分析发表在AD/PD会议上，阿杜单抗以剂量依赖的方式降低脑内淀粉样蛋白的沉积、改善MMSE（简易精神状态量表）评分、改善CDR-SB（临床痴呆量表）评分。但是血管源性脑水肿随着剂量的增加也逐步增加，最大剂量组中有1/3的患者出现症状性血管源性脑水肿，症状包括头痛和思维混乱。2017年的发表的2年开放标签延伸部分研究的结果显示，阿杜单抗aducanumab可以最多减少淀粉样蛋白在脑内的沉积达70 centiloid，并延缓认知功能的恶化。此处centiloid是一个PET诊断AD的测量单位，0代表没有AD，100代表确诊AD。2015年，两个完全相同的3期临床研究启动（ENGAGE研究和EMERGE研究），ENGAGE研究在北美、欧洲、澳洲和亚洲进行，EMERGE研究在北美和欧洲进行。针对的人群是AD伴有轻度认知功能障碍的患者，两个研究均计划招募1350人。2019年3月，中期分析没有达到预期的终点，因此研究被停止。有趣的是，探索性分析中发现，虽然ENGAGE研究没有达到预期的终点，但是EMERGE研究中用药剂量≥10mg/kg组的患者，认知功能障碍的减退速度被延缓了。2020年1月，一项开放标签的3b期临床研究，招募了之前研究的参与者，计划给予10mg/kg剂量每月一次，持续2年。预计研究将延续至2023年。2020年7月，阿杜单抗（Aducanumab）已向FDA递交上市申请。FDA最晚将于2021年3月给出答复。2020年11月，Nature Medicine发表了《阿杜单抗研究的事后分析》。甘特单抗（Gantenerumab） (4)在4项1期临床研究中，甘特单抗（gantenerumab）被认为是安全且耐受性良好的。2012年发表的一篇1期临床研究中，发现最高剂量组的6名患者中，有2名患者的淀粉样蛋白减少得最多，他们的脑部MRI中，发现了局部炎症或血管源性水肿。另一项研究中的16位患者在6个月的最高剂量治疗后，淀粉样蛋白的变化达11%。2010-2012年，2/3期临床研究（SCarlet RoAD）纳入患有早期AD的799例患者，但2014年因为没有达到主要和次要终点停止了该研究。事后分析中认为高剂量可能有效，故研究以开放标签的形式继续进行，将持续到2020年7月。2014年，3期临床研究（Marguerite RoAD）计划纳入了轻度AD的患者共1000人，但2016年的中期分析也没有达到预期的终点，因此停止招募参与者，并改为开放标签继续随访。2018年的AAIC会议上，公布了SCarlet RoAD研究和Marguerite RoAD研究的扩展部分研究结果，结果提示最大剂量的甘特单抗gantenerumab可以减少淀粉样蛋白在脑内的沉积达59 centiloid，1/3的患者出现无症状性的局部炎症和血管源性脑水肿。2012年，另一个2/3期临床研究（DIAN-TU研究）在常染色体显性遗传突变的AD患者中开展。2020年2月报导研究没有达到预期的终点。研究结果在AAT-AD/PD2020会议上进行了汇报，其中有39名患者完成了研究，甘特单抗（gantenerumab）可以大量的减少脑内淀粉样斑块、使脑脊液中β淀粉样蛋白42水平正常化、降低脑脊液中总tau蛋白和p-tau181蛋白的浓度、并且延缓脑脊液中神经丝轻链的升高。研究中认知功能受损的参与者认知功能继续恶化，基线时没有认知功能受损的参与者病情稳定。该研究将进入开放标签阶段，持续3年。2018年，另两项大型3期临床研究启动（GRADUATE 1研究、GRADUATE 2研究），针对前驱期或轻型的AD患者开展，预计研究会延续至2023年。BAN2401 (5)2012年，为期18个月的、2期临床研究启动，纳入了856名轻症、早期或可能患有AD的患者，18个月结束后，进入开放标签阶段，为期5年。2017年，18个月的双盲对照研究提示，高剂量的BAN2401可以延缓认知功能恶化、减少脑内淀粉样蛋白的沉积。AAIC2018会议上公布了2b期研究的结果，最高剂量组中，可以减少脑内淀粉样蛋白的沉积达93%，延缓认知功能恶化达30%-47%。患者脑脊液β淀粉样蛋白42的浓度剂量依赖性的出现升高，约10%的患者出现了血管源性脑水肿，但大多数没有症状。2019年3月，3期临床研究（Clarity AD研究）启动，针对早期症状性AD患者，计划纳入1566人，共18个月。2020年2月，另一项3期临床研究（AHEAD 3-45研究）启动，针对认知功能正常、但脑内淀粉样蛋白升高的人群，计划招募1400人。ALZ-801 (6)1期临床研究中，ALZ-801被认为安全且耐受性良好。2017年10月，3期临床研究启动，计划纳入携带ApoE4/4基因纯合子的、轻中度AD患者，为期18个月。2020年8月，该研究得到美国国家衰老研究所（U.S. National Institute on Aging）的资助。预计将于2021年开始招募参与者。“Alzheimer drug is very expensive to develop, unlikely to be effective, and also very hard to kill.”老年痴呆的新药研发都很昂贵，似乎有效性都很可疑，但都像打不死的小强、总能起死回生。参考文献1.FDA. Peripheral Central Nervous System (PCNS) Drugs Advisory Committee Meeting. https://wwwfdagov/media/143502/download. 2020.2.Tolar M, Abushakra S, Hey JA, Porsteinsson A, Sabbagh M. Aducanumab, gantenerumab, BAN2401, and ALZ-801-the first wave of amyloid-targeting drugs for Alzheimer's disease with potential for near term approval. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2020;12(1):95.3.aducanumab. https://wwwalzforumorg/therapeutics/aducanumab. 2020.4.Gantenerumab. https://wwwalzforumorg/therapeutics/gantenerumab. 2020.5.BAN2401. https://wwwalzforumorg/therapeutics/ban2401. 2020.6.ALZ-801. https://wwwalzforumorg/therapeutics/alz-801. 2020.

Breaking through the stigma of sexual trauma and getting on the road to recovery is not an easy feat. You’ll likely be faced with many blocks along the way: feeling shame that it happened, being afraid to speak out, and, unfortunately, people not believing your story. My friend and guest, Alison Forsyth, has experienced past sexual trauma and assault. She’s done the hard work and now sits and connects with others going through their own journey. Alison was first sexually assaulted when she was 15, then again at 17, before she was raped at 18 while traveling through Argentina. Alison didn’t come to accept these traumas until someone pointed out to her how wrong these situations actually were. She’s learned to live above her traumas and uses them to help connect with other people stuck in the cycle of sexual exploitation. She’s currently working as an outreach support worker with Scarlet Road, a non-profit organization that offers hope to those who have been sexually exploited. We talk about how someone even starts working with people who have been sexually exploited and why you need to have endurance and patience in this role. We also look at how important it is to give someone space to work through their trauma. It’s about having the courage to ask those hard questions and meet people where they are while avoiding the desire to simply just comfort or find an answer for them. Do you know anyone who has been sexually exploited? Do you know how to balance being supportive and giving space? How do you speak to your children about consent and feelings of appeasement? Let us know in the comments on the episode page! In This Episode: Why you need endurance and certain life experiences to even want to work in sexual exploitation outreach Where the system is failing in sexual education and how it can be challenged Why it’s important to name your sexual assault How to teach our children about consent and feelings of appease Why it’s important to give space to let someone work through issues on their own and come to their own realizations and conclusions Why women hold onto sexual assault for an unnecessarily long amount of time   Quotes: “The power is in having people who have experienced sexual exploitation and that are comfortable sharing their story create spaces for those with similar stories to feel comfortable coming forward.” (18:55) “As parents, are we having these conversations with our kids, are we having them enough, and are we being really transparent?” (38:53) “It starts on a really small level of learning to respect someone’s boundaries and how to communicate about that and, on the flip side of that, if you’re the one saying no or establishing the boundaries. It’s also teaching your kids that one, it’s okay to say no and two, not to apologize for saying no.” (43:20) Links Find Scarlet Road Online Alison Forsyth Blog | Website Follow Alison Forsyth on Facebook | Twitter | Instagram   If you liked this episode, you should probably check out these past episodes: 010: Finding Your True Light in Darkness with Erica Marie Wigley 006: How to Handle Confrontation with Courage and Grace with Lora Clothier 004: Learning to Love & Trust After an Abusive Relationship with Melinda Hopper   Come hang out with an amazing group of badass women in a private, supportive community, Bad-Ass Women Owning Sexy Check out the full show notes for this episode! Keep up with me and everything Trauma To Triumph Follow me on Instagram | Facebook

In this episode, Vanessa Carlisle chats with sex worker and activist Rachel Wotton (rachelwotton.com) about the org Touching Base in New South Wales, Austrailia. Rachel's work was featured in the 2011 documentary film "Scarlet Road." (scarletroad.com.au/trailer) Rachel discusses working in a decriminalized state and what that means for her and her clients. Danny Cruz tells Vanessa about the protests that lead to the first International Whores Day in the 1970s. The two discuss recent Whores Day events. Want to get in touch with the On The Dresser team? Send us your questions, comments, suggestions or signal boosts to onthedresser@gmail.com or find us on Facebook/Twitter @Onthedresser! Visit our website at www.onthedresserpodcast.com Co-Ho(st)s/Production team: Dr. Vanessa Carlisle (twitter.com/vcarlisle) Lauren Kiley (twitter.com/xoxolaurenkiley) Danny Cruz (twitter.com/adannyboy) Sex. Queers. Politics. You'll find all of it On the Dresser!

The wonderful Maggie McNeill & Angela Keaton join me to solve all the world's problems in this episode. That's right, we cover everything including politics, butt stuff, the ADL & Starbucks, the police, religion, love, and hygiene. Scarlet Road documentary: http://www.scarletroad.com.au/about/ Maggie' blog: https://maggiemcneill.wordpress.com/ Follow Maggie: @Maggie_McNeill Follow AK: @AnarchaSexRays Stepping Off the Relationship Escalator Book: https://offescalator.com/

This episode features people with physical disabilities talking about the able-bodied world's tendency to erase their sexuality, using Tindr in a wheelchair, disability-related sexual superpowers, and much more. Comedian Spring Day makes her triumphant return. She and her boyfriend, comedian Tim Renkow, both have cerebral palsy and talk frankly about their sex life. The fetishization of disabled people, often called devoteeism, also comes up in this episode. Check out the excellent BBC3 documentary Meet the Devotees here. We also talk about the role sex workers sometimes play in enriching the lives of people with disabilities. Check out Rachel Wotton's Ted Talk exploring this topic. Her film Scarlet Road also comes up, as does the 2012 feature film The Sessions about Mark O'Brien's experiences with a sex surrogate. You can watch an Oscar-winning documentary short about Mark O'Brien here and read his article “On Seeing a Sex Surrogate” here. Other articles mentioned on the show include this Vice piece about Hand Angels, this guide to sexual positioning devices, and a fascinating obituary published by Salon about Mark O'Brien. Other podcasts mentioned on the show include the Death Sex and Money episodes Newlywed and Paralyzed and Two Wheelchairs and a Baby, as well as an episode of Everybody Swing entitled Swinging in a Wheelchair. Finally, Ryan Lythall can be reached at rythall@me.com if you have any follow-up questions or would like to book him for a speaking engagement.

This episode features people with physical disabilities talking about the able-bodied world's tendency to erase their sexuality, using Tindr in a wheelchair, disability-related sexual superpowers, and much more. Comedian Spring Day makes her triumphant return. She and her boyfriend, comedian Tim Renkow, both have cerebral palsy and talk frankly about their sex life. The fetishization of disabled people, often called devoteeism, also comes up in this episode. Check out the excellent BBC3 documentary Meet the Devotees here. We also talk about the role sex workers sometimes play in enriching the lives of people with disabilities. Check out Rachel Wotton's Ted Talk exploring this topic. Her film Scarlet Road also comes up, as does the 2012 feature film The Sessions about Mark O'Brien's experiences with a sex surrogate. You can watch an Oscar-winning documentary short about Mark O'Brien here and read his article “On Seeing a Sex Surrogate” here. Other articles mentioned on the show include this Vice piece about Hand Angels, this guide to sexual positioning devices, and a fascinating obituary published by Salon about Mark O'Brien. Other podcasts mentioned on the show include the Death Sex and Money episodes Newlywed and Paralyzed and Two Wheelchairs and a Baby, as well as an episode of Everybody Swing entitled Swinging in a Wheelchair. Finally, Ryan Lythall can be reached at rythall@me.com if you have any follow-up questions or would like to book him for a speaking engagement.

On Episode 10 of Sup Doc Paco and George sit down with writer/performer/sex worker Queenie Bon Bon. They discuss the 2012 documentary Meet The Fokkens a delightfully odd tale about familial bonds, getting older, and the lengths some women go to in order to survive. Few characters in documentary history are as hilarious and adorable as 69-year old Dutch twin prostitutes Louise and Martine Fokkens.Queenie Bon Bon's websiteHere is the link to the documentaries Queenie Bon Bon recommends: The Scarlet Road and Beyond The Screams Follow us on:Twitter: @supdocpdocastInstagram: @supdocpodcastFacebook: @supdocpodcastsign up for our mailing listAnd you can show your support to Sup Doc by donating on Patreon.**Sup Doc has created a Patreon page for those that can help out. We will also be providing unique Sup Doc content for our contributors. If now is not good for you we always appreciate you listening and spreading the word about Sup Doc!