Podcasts about Nature Medicine

Microplastics aren't just an environmental problem; they're a hidden human health crisis. In this eye-opening episode of the Starrcast Podcast, host Lisa Starr speaks with Dr. Gerry Bodeker (Oxford public health researcher and Global Wellness Institute leader) and Trent Munday (Senior Vice President International, Mandara Spa) about the alarming presence of microplastics in our air, food, water, and even our brains. Discover how these invisible particles impact mental wellness, what new science reveals about Alzheimer's and inflammation, and how AI-powered tools are helping track and fight this global threat.   What You'll Learn: The hidden pathways of exposure – How microplastics enter the body through air, water, food, and everyday objects like car tires and kitchen utensils. The brain connection – Groundbreaking research linking microplastic accumulation to Alzheimer's disease and neurological decline. Practical defenses – Simple actions to reduce personal exposure, from boiling water to replacing common household items. Global policy & wellness implications – Why the UN Plastics Treaty failed to cap production and how wellness leaders can drive health-focused advocacy. AI for public health – How the new Microplastics Watch Initiative and AI tools are transforming massive data streams into actionable insights. Episode Highlights: 03:15 – A shocking Nature Medicine study finds 10x more plastic in Alzheimer's brains 12:40 – The surprising top source of airborne microplastics: car tires 21:05 – Why boiling water can reduce microplastics by up to 90% 29:18 – Everyday habits that accelerate microplastic ingestion and absorption 38:52 – Inside the UN Plastics Treaty debate: capping production vs. recycling 47:36 – The birth of the Microplastics Watch Initiative and AI-powered research tools 56:10 – Wellness action steps: from spa operations to personal lifestyle choices   Meet the Guests: Dr. Gerry Bodeker is a public health researcher with two decades at Oxford University, adjunct professor at Columbia, and co-chair of the Global Wellness Institute's Mental Wellness Initiative. Trent Munday is Senior Vice President International for Mandara Spa and co-founder of the Microplastics Watch Initiative, leveraging AI to track global microplastics research.   Tools, Frameworks, or Strategies Mentioned: Microplastics Watch Initiative – A Global Wellness Institute project aggregating daily research and news. Lucient AI Suite – Trent's custom-built AI toolkit for creating a dynamic, continuously updated white paper. Boiling + Metal Filtration Method – A simple household practice that removes up to 95% of microplastics from drinking water.   Closing Insight: “Microplastics are not just polluting our oceans, they're infiltrating our brains and bodies. Measurement, awareness, and collective action are the next frontier in wellness.” – Dr. Gerry Bodeker   Looking for expert advice in Spa Consulting, with live training and online learning? Spa Consulting wynnebusiness.com/spa-management-consulting Live Training wynnebusiness.com/live-education Online Learning wynnebusiness.com/spa-management-courses Other Links: Contact Dr. Gerry Bodeker: https://my.linkedin.com/in/gerrybodeker Contact Trent Munday: https://my.linkedin.com/in/trentmunday Follow Lisa on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lisastarrwynnebusiness, Listen on Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/at/podcast/starrcast/id1565223226 Listen on Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/00tW92ruuwangYoLxR9WDd Watch the StarrCast on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@wynnebusiness Join us on Facebook: facebook.com/wynnebusiness/?ref=bookmarks Join us on Instagram: instagram.com/wynnebusiness

Recently a new trial was published in Nature Medicine comparing the effect of ultra-processed versus minimally processed diets. Specifically, the UPDATE trial compared these two diets in the context of a healthy dietary pattern (in line with the UK's EatWell Guide). This eight-week randomized, crossover trial generated a lot of discussion and was largely seen as being a really useful addition to the evidence base, and providing answers to some previously unexamined questions. In this episode the study's lead author, Dr. Samuel Dicken, explains the background context for the UPDATE trial, provides an insight into its execution, and puts some of the results in context. There is also a discussion about the current state of evidence more broadly and the leading hypotheses around the mechanisms that drive the observations seen with consuming ultra-processed foods. This episode is particularly noteworthy because it provides fresh evidence on an important question: does following dietary guidelines with minimally processed foods confer extra benefits over following the same guidelines with ultra-processed foods? Timestamps [02:48] Interview with Dr. Samuel Dicken [03:08] Background and research interests of Dr. Samuel Dicken [04:31] Details of the update trial [09:48] Trial design and methodology [15:45] Results and findings of the update trial [18:46] Secondary outcomes and craving control [25:43] Hypotheses and mechanisms behind UPF effects [40:28] Policy implications and future research directions Related Resources Subscribe to Sigma Nutrition Premium Go to episode page Join the Sigma email newsletter for free Enroll in the next cohort of our Applied Nutrition Literacy course Study: Dicken et al., 2025 – Ultraprocessed or minimally processed diets following healthy dietary guidelines on weight and cardiometabolic health: a randomized, crossover trial LinkedIn: Samuel Dicken X: @SamuelDickenUK

Welcome to the Olink® Proteomics in Proximity podcast!  Below are some useful resources mentioned in this episode:  Olink tools and software·       Olink® Explore HT, Olink's most advanced solution for high-throughput biomarker discovery, measuring 5400+ proteins simultaneously with a streamlined workflow and industry-leading specificity: https://olink.com/products-services/exploreht/  UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project (UKB-PPP), one of the world's largest scientific studies of blood protein biomarkers conducted to date, https://www.ukbiobank.ac.uk/learn-more-about-uk-biobank/news/uk-biobank-launches-one-of-the-largest-scientific-studies  World Health Organization (2003). Adherence to long-term therapies: evidence for action (PDF). Geneva: World Health Organisation. ISBN 978-92-4-154599-0 Research articles and news·       Thermo Fisher Scientific's Olink Platform Selected for World's Largest Human Proteome Studyhttps://ir.thermofisher.com/investors/news-events/news/news-details/2025/Thermo-Fisher-Scientifics-Olink-Platform-Selected-for-Worlds-Largest-Human-Proteome-Study/default.aspx·       Hamilton Se-Hwee Oh et al 2025. Plasma proteomics links brain and immune system aging with healthspan and longevityhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-025-03798-1. Nature Medicine (2025)·       Song, Y., Abuduaini, B., Yang, X. et al. Identification of inflammatory protein biomarkers for predicting the different subtype of adult with tuberculosis: an Olink proteomic study. Inflamm. Res. 74, 60 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-025-02020-9·       Ferhan Qureshi et al 2023. Analytical validation of a multi-protein, serum-based assay for disease activity assessments in multiple sclerosis. Proteomics clinical application 2023·       Dhindsa, R.S., Burren, O.S., Sun, B.B. et al. Rare variant associations with plasma protein levels in the UK Biobank. 2023 Nature, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06547-xhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06547-x·       Sun, B.B., Chiou, J., Traylor, M. et al.  Plasma proteomic associations with genetics and health in the UK Biobank. 2023 Nature, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06592-6 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06592-6 https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehac495/6676779·       Eldjarn GH, et al. Large-scale plasma proteomics comparisons through genetics and disease associations. Nature. 2023 Oct;622(7982):348-358. doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06563-xhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06563-x#Sec44·        Carrasco-Zanini et al 2024 Proteomic prediction of common and rare diseases. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-024-03142-z . NatureMedicine volume 30,  pages2489–2498 (2024)·       Watanabe K, Wilmanski T, Diener C, et al. Multiomic signatures of body mass index identify heterogeneous health phenotypes and responses to a lifestyle intervention.https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-023-02248-0·       Petrera A, von Toerne C, Behlr J, et al. Multiplatform Approach for Plasma Proteomics: Complementarity of Olink Proximity Extension Assay Technology to Mass Spectrometry-Based Protein Profiling. (2020) Journal of Proteome Research, https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00641·       Multicenter Collaborative Study to Optimize Mass Spectrometry Workflows of Clinical Specimens. Kardell O, von Toerne C, Merl-Pham J, König AC, Blindert M, Barth TK, Mergner J, Ludwig C, Tüshaus J, Eckert S, Müller SA, Breimann S, Giesbertz P, Bernhardt AM, Schweizer L, Albrecht V, Teupser D, Imhof A, Kuster B, Lichtenthaler SF, Mann M, Cox J, Hauck SM. J Proteome Res. 2024 Jan 5;23(1):117-129. doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00473. Epub 2023 Nov 28. PMID: 38015820 https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00473·       Wei, S., Shen, R., Lu, X. et al. Integrative multi-omics investigation of sleep apnea: gut microbiome metabolomics, proteomics and phenome-wide association study. Nutr Metab (Lond) 22, 57 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00925-0·       Liu, L., Li, M., Qin, Y. et al. Childhood obesity and insulin resistance is correlated with gut microbiome serum protein: an integrated metagenomic and proteomic analysis. Sci Rep 15, 21436 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-07357-z·       Zhang, Xiaotao et al.Modulating a prebiotic food source influences inflammation and immune-regulating gut microbes and metabolites: insights from the BE GONE trial. eBioMedicine, Volume 98, 104873 (2023.).  10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104873·      &nb...

Inflammation is the body's natural way of healing, but when it becomes chronic and hidden, it quietly drives many of today's most common health problems—heart disease, diabetes, dementia, cancer, autoimmune conditions, and more. Unlike the redness and swelling from a cut or sprain, this “silent inflammation” often goes unnoticed while slowly damaging tissues and speeding up aging. Modern life fuels the fire: processed foods, food additives, pollution, plastics, chronic stress, too much sitting, and poor sleep. The good news is inflammation can be calmed by simple daily choices—eating colorful whole foods like berries, leafy greens, beans, nuts, seeds, and omega-3 rich fish; adding herbs and spices like turmeric and cumin; moving regularly; practicing relaxation; and repairing gut health. Even small shifts, like climbing stairs, eating within a shorter window, or reducing sugar, can make a big difference. By lowering inflammation, the body finds balance again, opening the door to more energy, resilience, and healthy aging. In this episode, I discuss, along with Dr. Shilpa Ravella and Dr. David Furman, why it's important to be aware of systemic inflammation and how to address it. Dr. Ravella is a gastroenterologist and Assistant Professor of Medicine at Columbia University Medical Center. She is the author of A Silent Fire: The Story of Inflammation, Diet & Disease, which investigates inflammation—the hidden force at the heart of modern disease. Her writing has appeared in The Atlantic, New York Magazine, The Wall Street Journal, TIME, Slate, Discover, and USA Today, among other publications.  Dr. David Furman is Associate Professor and Director of the Bioinformatics Core at the Buck Institute for Research on Aging, as well as the Director of the Stanford 1000 Immunomes Project. He obtained his doctoral degree in immunology from the School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, for his work on cancer immune-surveillance. During his postdoctoral training at the Stanford School of Medicine, Dr. Furman focused on the application of advanced analytics to study the aging of the immune system in humans. He has published nearly thirty scientific articles in top-tier journals such as Cell, Nature Medicine, PNAS, The Lancet, and others.  This episode is brought to you by BIOptimizers. Head to bioptimizers.com/hyman and use code HYMAN to save 15%. Full-length episodes can be found here:What Causes Inflammation And How Can You Treat It? The Silent Killer: Inflammation And Chronic Disease How Silent Inflammation Accelerates Aging

In dieser Episode geht es um eine bahnbrechende Studie, die 2025 in Nature Medicine erschienen ist. Ein internationales Forschungsteam hat mithilfe von künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) über 8.000 Patient:innendaten, 118.000 klinische Untersuchungen und 35.000 MRT-Scans ausgewertet – die bislang größte Analyse dieser Art. Das Ergebnis: Anstelle der klassischen Unterteilung in RRMS, SPMS und PPMS zeigt die KI, dass MS besser durch vier Meta-Zustände beschrieben werden kann. Diese neue Sichtweise rückt MS von einem starren Klassifikationssystem hin zu einem dynamischen Spektrum. Ich bespreche: Die traditionelle Einteilung von MS Was die KI-gestützte Studie herausgefunden hat Die vier neuen Meta-Zustände von MS Warum das für Patient:innen wichtig ist Welche Chancen sich daraus für Behandlung & Forschung ergeben Hier geht es zum Artikel auf meinem Blog: https://ms-perspektive.de/321-ki-neuklassifizierung Weiterführende Links für mehr Infos Prof. Gavin Giovannoni hat in Episode 309 das Konzept der schwelenden MS erklärt. Dabei geht es um versteckte Krankheitsaktivität, die sich nicht nur in Schüben zeigt. Prof. Tjalf Ziemssen hat in Episode 267 über zukünftige Behandlungsstrategien und Präzisionsmedizin gesprochen. Fazit Diese neue Einteilung von MS ist noch nicht in der täglichen Klinikpraxis angekommen. Aber sie bietet einen vielversprechenden neuen Rahmen für: besseres Patientenmanagement, individuellere Behandlung und einfachere Entwicklung von Medikamenten. MS ist komplex – aber mit modernen Tools wie KI kommen Forscher:innen und Ärzt:innen dem Verständnis der wahren Natur der Krankheit immer näher. --- Bis bald und mach das Beste aus Deinem Leben, Nele Mehr Informationen und positive Gedanken erhältst Du in meinem kostenlosen Newsletter. Hier findest Du eine Übersicht zu allen bisherigen Podcastfolgen.

For weight loss, complete avoidance of ultra-processed foods outperforms mere “healthy diet” comprising minimally-processed items; Research fraud undermines anti-dementia drug pipeline; Comprehensive lifestyle modification program scores against cognitive decline; Women's brains especially vulnerable to Omega-3 deficiencies; Bible says “Lame shall walk again” and 21st century science may soon bring about this miracle; Breakthroughs in rheumatoid arthritis treatment.

【欢迎订阅】每天早上5:30，准时更新。【阅读原文】标题： Scientists Perform First Pig-to-Human Lung TransplantResearchers in China placed a lung from a genetically modified pig into a brain-dead man, with mixed results.正文：Scientists have dreamed for centuries about using animal organs to treat ailing humans. In recent years, those efforts have begun to bear fruit : Researchers have begun transplanting the hearts and kidneys of genetically modified pigs into patients, with varying degrees of success.But lungs are notoriously difficult to transplant, even from human to human, and mortality rates are high. Now, in the first procedure of its kind, Chinese scientists on Monday reported transplanting a lung from a pig into a brain-dead man. The organ sustained damage after it was transplanted but functioned to some degree, scientists at Guangzhou Medical University reported in the journal Nature Medicine. The organ was removed after nine days.知识点： bear fruit /beə fruːt/，phr. v.produce fruit; lead to successful results or outcomes.（结果实；产生成果，奏效）• The apple tree we planted three years ago finally began to bear fruit this spring.（我们三年前种的那棵苹果树，今年春天终于开始结果了。）• All their hard work in developing the new product started to bear fruit when it became popular.（他们研发新产品的所有努力开始奏效，这款产品逐渐走红。）获取外刊的完整原文以及精讲笔记，请关注微信公众号「早安英文」，回复“外刊”即可。更多有意思的英语干货等着你！【节目介绍】《早安英文-每日外刊精读》，带你精读最新外刊，了解国际最热事件：分析语法结构，拆解长难句，最接地气的翻译，还有重点词汇讲解。所有选题均来自于《经济学人》《纽约时报》《华尔街日报》《华盛顿邮报》《大西洋月刊》《科学杂志》《国家地理》等国际一线外刊。【适合谁听】1、关注时事热点新闻，想要学习最新最潮流英文表达的英文学习者2、任何想通过地道英文提高听、说、读、写能力的英文学习者3、想快速掌握表达，有出国学习和旅游计划的英语爱好者4、参加各类英语考试的应试者（如大学英语四六级、托福雅思、考研等）【你将获得】1、超过1000篇外刊精读课程，拓展丰富语言表达和文化背景2、逐词、逐句精确讲解，系统掌握英语词汇、听力、阅读和语法3、每期内附学习笔记，包含全文注释、长难句解析、疑难语法点等，帮助扫除阅读障碍。

Lots of talk these days about ultra-processed foods (UPFs). Along with confusion about what in the heck they are or what they're not, how bad they are for us, and what ought to be done about them. A landmark in the discussion of ultra-processed foods has been the publication of a book entitled Ultra-processed People, Why We Can't Stop Eating Food That Isn't Food. The author of that book, Dr. Chris van Tulleken, joins us today. Dr. van Tulleken is a physician and is professor of Infection and Global Health at University College London. He also has a PhD in molecular virology and is an award-winning broadcaster on the BBC. His book on Ultra-processed People is a bestseller. Interview Summary Chris, sometimes somebody comes along that takes a complicated topic and makes it accessible and understandable and brings it to lots of people. You're a very fine scientist and scholar and academic, but you also have that ability to communicate effectively with lots of people, which I very much admire. So, thanks for doing that, and thank you for joining us. Oh, Kelly, it's such a pleasure. You know, I begin some of my talks now with a clipping from the New York Times. And it's a picture of you and an interview you gave in 1995. So exactly three decades ago. And in this article, you just beautifully communicate everything that 30 years later I'm still saying. So, yeah. I wonder if communication, it's necessary, but insufficient. I think we are needing to think of other means to bring about change. I totally agree. Well, thank you by the way. And I hope I've learned something over those 30 years. Tell us, please, what are ultra-processed foods? People hear the term a lot, but I don't think a lot of people know exactly what it means. The most important thing to know, I think, is that it's not a casual term. It's not like 'junk food' or 'fast food.' It is a formal scientific definition. It's been used in hundreds of research studies. The definition is very long. It's 11 paragraphs long. And I would urge anyone who's really interested in this topic, go to the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization website. You can type in NFAO Ultra and you'll get the full 11 paragraph definition. It's an incredibly sophisticated piece of science. But it boils down to if you as a consumer, someone listening to this podcast, want to know if the thing you are eating right now is ultra-processed, look at the ingredients list. If there are ingredients on that list that you do not normally find in a domestic kitchen like an emulsifier, a coloring, a flavoring, a non-nutritive sweetener, then that product will be ultra-processed. And it's a way of describing this huge range of foods that kind of has taken over the American and the British and in fact diets all over the world. How come the food companies put this stuff in the foods? And the reason I ask is in talks I give I'll show an ingredient list from a food that most people would recognize. And ask people if they can guess what the food is from the ingredient list. And almost nobody can. There are 35 things on the ingredient list. Sugar is in there, four different forms. And then there are all kinds of things that are hard to pronounce. There are lots of strange things in there. They get in there through loopholes and government regulation. Why are they there in the first place? So, when I started looking at this I also noticed this long list of fancy sounding ingredients. And even things like peanut butter will have palm oil and emulsifiers. Cream cheese will have xanthum gum and emulsifiers. And you think, well, wouldn't it just be cheaper to make your peanut butter out of peanuts. In fact, every ingredient is in there to make money in one of two ways. Either it drives down the cost of production or storage. If you imagine using a real strawberry in your strawberry ice cream. Strawberries are expensive. They're not always in season. They rot. You've got to have a whole supply chain. Why would you use a strawberry if you could use ethyl methylphenylglycidate and pink dye and it'll taste the same. It'll look great. You could then put in a little chunky bit of modified corn starch that'll be chewy if you get it in the right gel mix. And there you go. You've got strawberries and you haven't had to deal with strawberry farmers or any supply chain. It's just you just buy bags and bottles of white powder and liquids. The other way is to extend the shelf life. Strawberries as I say, or fresh food, real food - food we might call it rots on shelves. It decays very quickly. If you can store something at room temperature in a warehouse for months and months, that saves enormous amounts of money. So, one thing is production, but the other thing is the additives allow us to consume to excess or encourage us to consume ultra-processed food to excess. So, I interviewed a scientist who was a food industry development scientist. And they said, you know, most ultra-processed food would be gray if it wasn't dyed, for example. So, if you want to make cheap food using these pastes and powders, unless you dye it and you flavor it, it will be inedible. But if you dye it and flavor it and add just the right amount of salt, sugar, flavor enhancers, then you can make these very addictive products. So that's the logic of UPF. Its purpose is to make money. And that's part of the definition. Right. So, a consumer might decide that there's, you know, beneficial trade-off for them at the end of the day. That they get things that have long shelf life. The price goes down because of the companies don't have to deal with the strawberry farmers and things like that. But if there's harm coming in waves from these things, then it changes the equation. And you found out some of that on your own. So as an experiment you did with a single person - you, you ate ultra-processed foods for a month. What did you eat and how did it affect your body, your mood, your sleep? What happened when you did this? So, what's really exciting, actually Kelly, is while it was an n=1, you know, one participant experiment, I was actually the pilot participant in a much larger study that we have published in Nature Medicine. One of the most reputable and high impact scientific journals there is. So, I was the first participant in a randomized control trial. I allowed us to gather the data about what we would then measure in a much larger number. Now we'll come back and talk about that study, which I think was really important. It was great to see it published. So, I was a bit skeptical. Partly it was with my research team at UCL, but we were also filming it for a BBC documentary. And I went into this going I'm going to eat a diet of 80% of my calories will come from ultra-processed food for four weeks. And this is a normal diet. A lifelong diet for a British teenager. We know around 20% of people in the UK and the US eat this as their normal food. They get 80% of their calories from ultra-processed products. I thought, well, nothing is going to happen to me, a middle-aged man, doing this for four weeks. But anyway, we did it kind of as a bit of fun. And we thought, well, if nothing happens, we don't have to do a bigger study. We can just publish this as a case report, and we'll leave it out of the documentary. Three big things happened. I gained a massive amount of weight, so six kilos. And I wasn't force feeding myself. I was just eating when I wanted. In American terms, that's about 15 pounds in four weeks. And that's very consistent with the other published trials that have been done on ultra-processed food. There have been two other RCTs (randomized control trials); ours is the third. There is one in Japan, one done at the NIH. So, people gain a lot of weight. I ate massively more calories. So much so that if I'd continued on the diet, I would've almost doubled my body weight in a year. And that may sound absurd, but I have an identical twin brother who did this natural experiment. He went to Harvard for a year. He did his masters there. During his year at Harvard he gained, let's see, 26 kilos, so almost 60 pounds just living in Cambridge, Massachusetts. But how did you decide how much of it to eat? Did you eat until you just kind of felt naturally full? I did what most people do most of the time, which is I just ate what I wanted when I felt like it. Which actually for me as a physician, I probably took the breaks off a bit because I don't normally have cocoa pops for breakfast. But I ate cocoa pops and if I felt like two bowls, I'd have two bowls. It turned out what I felt like a lot of mornings was four bowls and that was fine. I was barely full. So, I wasn't force feeding myself. It wasn't 'supersize' me. I was eating to appetite, which is how these experiments run. And then what we've done in the trials. So, I gained weight, then we measured my hormone response to a meal. When you eat, I mean, it's absurd to explain this to YOU. But when you eat, you have fullness hormones that go up and hunger hormones that go down, so you feel full and less hungry. And we measured my response to a standard meal at the beginning and at the end of this four-week diet. What we found is that I had a normal response to eating a big meal at the beginning of the diet. At the end of eating ultra-processed foods, the same meal caused a very blunted rise in the satiety hormones. In the 'fullness' hormones. So, I didn't feel as full. And my hunger hormones remained high. And so, the food is altering our response to all meals, not merely within the meal that we're eating. Then we did some MRI scans and again, I thought this would be a huge waste of time. But we saw at four weeks, and then again eight weeks later, very robust changes in the communication between the habit-forming bits at the back of the brain. So, the automatic behavior bits, the cerebellum. Very conscious I'm talking to YOU about this, Kelly. And the kind of addiction reward bits in the middle. Now these changes were physiological, not structural. They're about the two bits of the brain talking to each other. There's not really a new wire going between them. But we think if this kind of communication is happening a lot, that maybe a new pathway would form. And I think no one, I mean we did this with very expert neuroscientists at our National Center for Neuroscience and Neurosurgery, no one really knows what it means. But the general feeling was these are the kind of changes we might expect if we'd given someone, or a person or an animal, an addictive substance for four weeks. They're consistent with, you know, habit formation and addiction. And the fact that they happened so quickly, and they were so robust - they remained the same eight weeks after I stopped the diet, I think is really worrying from a kid's perspective. So, in a period of four weeks, it re-altered the way your brain works. It affected the way your hunger and satiety were working. And then you ended up with this massive weight. And heaven knows what sort of cardiovascular effects or other things like that might have been going on or had the early signs of that over time could have been really pretty severe, I imagine. I think one of the main effects was that I became very empathetic with my patients. Because we did actually a lot of, sort of, psychological testing as well. And there's an experience where, obviously in clinic, I mainly treat patients with infections. But many of my patients are living with other, sort of, disorders of modern life. They live with excess weight and cardiovascular disease and type two diabetes and metabolic problems and so on. And I felt in four weeks like I'd gone from being in my early 30, early 40s at the time, I felt like I'd just gone to my early 50s or 60s. I ached. I felt terrible. My sleep was bad. And it was like, oh! So many of the problems of modern life: waking up to pee in the middle of the night is because you've eaten so much sodium with your dinner. You've drunk all this water, and then you're trying to get rid of it all night. Then you're constipated. It's a low fiber diet, so you develop piles. Pain in your bum. The sleep deprivation then makes you eat more. And so, you get in this vicious cycle where the problem didn't feel like the food until I stopped and I went cold turkey. I virtually have not touched it since. It cured me of wanting UPF. That was the other amazing bit of the experience that I write about in the book is it eating it and understanding it made me not want it. It was like being told to smoke. You know, you get caught smoking as a kid and your parents are like, hey, now you finish the pack. It was that. It was an aversion experience. So, it gave me a lot of empathy with my patients that many of those kinds of things we regard as being normal aging, those symptoms are often to do with the way we are living our lives. Chris, I've talked to a lot of people about ultra-processed foods. You're the first one who's mentioned pain in the bum as one of the problems, so thank you. When I first became a physician, I trained as a surgeon, and I did a year doing colorectal surgery. So, I have a wealth of experience of where a low fiber diet leaves you. And many people listening to this podcast, I mean, look, we're all going to get piles. Everyone gets these, you know, anal fishes and so on. And bum pain it's funny to talk about it. No, not the... it destroys people's lives, so, you know, anyway. Right. I didn't want to make light of it. No, no. Okay. So, your own experiment would suggest that these foods are really bad actors and having this broad range of highly negative effects. But what does research say about these things beyond your own personal experience, including your own research? So, the food industry has been very skillful at portraying this as a kind of fad issue. As ultra-processed food is this sort of niche thing. Or it's a snobby thing. It's not a real classification. I want to be absolutely clear. UPF, the definition is used by the World Health Organization and the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization to monitor global diet quality, okay? It's a legitimate way of thinking about food. The last time I looked, there are more than 30 meta-analyses - that is reviews of big studies. And the kind of high-quality studies that we use to say cigarettes cause lung cancer. So, we've got this what we call epidemiological evidence, population data. We now have probably more than a hundred of these prospective cohort studies. And they're really powerful tools. They need to be used in conjunction with other evidence, but they now link ultra-processed food to this very wide range of what we euphemistically call negative health outcomes. You know, problems that cause human suffering, mental health problems, anxiety, depression, multiple forms of cancer, inflammatory diseases like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, metabolic disease, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's and dementia. Of course, weight gain and obesity. And all cause mortality so you die earlier of all causes. And there are others too. So, the epidemiological evidence is strong and that's very plausible. So, we take that epidemiological evidence, as you well know, and we go, well look, association and causation are different things. You know, do matches cause cancer or does cigarettes cause cancer? Because people who buy lots of matches are also getting the lung cancer. And obviously epidemiologists are very sophisticated at teasing all this out. But we look at it in the context then of other evidence. My group published the third randomized control trial where we put a group of people, in a very controlled way, on a diet of either minimally processed food or ultra-processed food and looked at health outcomes. And we found what the other two trials did. We looked at weight gain as a primary outcome. It was a short trial, eight weeks. And we saw people just eat more calories on the ultra-processed food. This is food that is engineered to be consumed to excess. That's its purpose. So maybe to really understand the effect of it, you have to imagine if you are a food development engineer working in product design at a big food company - if you develop a food that's cheap to make and people will just eat loads of it and enjoy it, and then come back for it again and again and again, and eat it every day and almost become addicted to it, you are going to get promoted. That product is going to do well on the shelves. If you invent a food that's not addictive, it's very healthy, it's very satisfying, people eat it and then they're done for the day. And they don't consume it to excess. You are not going to keep your job. So that's a really important way of understanding the development process of the foods. So let me ask a question about industry and intent. Because one could say that the industry engineers these things to have long shelf life and nice physical properties and the right colors and things like this. And these effects on metabolism and appetite and stuff are unpleasant and difficult side effects, but the foods weren't made to produce those things. They weren't made to produce over consumption and then in turn produce those negative consequences. You're saying something different. That you think that they're intentionally designed to promote over consumption. And in some ways, how could the industry do otherwise? I mean, every industry in the world wants people to over consume or consume as much of their product as they can. The food industry is no different. That is exactly right. The food industry behaves like every other corporation. In my view, they commit evil acts sometimes, but they're not institutionally evil. And I have dear friends who work in big food, who work in big pharma. I have friends who work in tobacco. These are not evil people. They're constrained by commercial incentives, right? So, when I say I think the food is engineered, I don't think it. I know it because I've gone and interviewed loads of people in product development at big food companies. I put some of these interviewees in a BBC documentary called Irresistible. So rather than me in the documentary going, oh, ultra-processed food is bad. And everyone going, well, you are, you're a public health bore. I just got industry insiders to say, yes, this is how we make the food. And going back to Howard Moskovitz, in the 1970s, I think he was working for the Campbell Soup Company. And Howard, who was a psychologist by training, outlined the development process. And what he said was then underlined by many other people I've spoken to. You develop two different products. This one's a little bit saltier than the next, and you test them on a bunch of people. People like the saltier ones. So now you keep the saltier one and you develop a third product and this one's got a bit more sugar in it. And if this one does better, well you keep this one and you keep AB testing until you get people buying and eating lots. And one of the crucial things that food companies measure in product development is how fast do people eat and how quickly do they eat. And these kind of development tools were pioneered by the tobacco industry. I mean, Laura Schmidt has done a huge amount of the work on this. She's at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), in California. And we know the tobacco industry bought the food industry and for a while in the '80s and '90s, the biggest food companies in the world were also the biggest tobacco companies in the world. And they used their flavor molecules and their marketing techniques and their distribution systems. You know, they've got a set of convenience tools selling cigarettes all over the country. Well, why don't we sell long shelf-life food marketed in the same way? And one thing that the tobacco industry was extremely good at was figuring out how to get the most rapid delivery of the drug possible into the human body when people smoke. Do you think that some of that same thing is true for food, rapid delivery of sugar, let's say? How close does the drug parallel fit, do you think? So, that's part of the reason the speed of consumption is important. Now, I think Ashley Gearhardt has done some of the most incredible work on this. And what Ashley says is we think of addictive drugs as like it's the molecule that's addictive. It's nicotine, it's caffeine, cocaine, diamorphine, heroin, the amphetamines. What we get addicted to is the molecule. And that Ashley says no. The processing of that molecule is crucially important. If you have slow-release nicotine in a chewing gum, that can actually treat your nicotine addiction. It's not very addictive. Slow-release amphetamine we use to treat children with attention and behavioral problems. Slow-release cocaine is an anesthetic. You use it for dentistry. No one ever gets addicted to dental anesthetics. And the food is the same. The rewarding molecules in the food we think are mainly the fat and the sugar. And food that requires a lot of chewing and is slow eaten slowly, you don't deliver the reward as quickly. And it tends not to be very addictive. Very soft foods or liquid foods with particular fat sugar ratios, if you deliver the nutrients into the gut fast, that seems to be really important for driving excessive consumption. And I think the growing evidence around addiction is very persuasive. I mean, my patients report feeling addicted to the food. And I don't feel it's legitimate to question their experience. Chris, a little interesting story about that concept of food and addiction. So going back several decades I was a professor at Yale, and I was teaching a graduate course. Ashley Gerhardt was a student in that course. And, she was there to study addiction, not in the context of food, but I brought up the issue of, you know, could food be addictive? There's some interesting research on this. It's consistent with what we're hearing from people, and that seems a really interesting topic. And Ashley, I give her credit, took this on as her life's work and now she's like the leading expert in the world on this very important topic. And what's nice for me to recall that story is that how fast the science on this is developed. And now something's coming out on this almost every day. It's some new research on the neuroscience of food and addiction and how the food is hijacking in the brain. And that whole concept of addiction seems really important in this context. And I know you've talked a lot about that yourself. She has reframed, I think, this idea about the way that addictive substances and behaviors really work. I mean it turns everything on its head to go the processing is important. The thing the food companies have always been able to say is, look, you can't say food is addictive. It doesn't contain any addictive molecules. And with Ashley's work you go, no, but the thing is it contains rewarding molecules and actually the spectrum of molecules that we can find rewarding and we can deliver fast is much, much broader than the traditionally addictive substances. For policy, it's vital because part of regulating the tobacco industry was about showing they know they are making addictive products. And I think this is where Ashley's work and Laura Schmidt's work are coming together. With Laura's digging in the tobacco archive, Ashley's doing the science on addiction, and I think these two things are going to come together. And I think it's just going to be a really exciting space to watch. I completely agree. You know when most people think about the word addiction, they basically kind of default to thinking about how much you want something. How much, you know, you desire something. But there are other parts of it that are really relevant here too. I mean one is how do you feel if you don't have it and sort of classic withdrawal. And people talk about, for example, being on high sugar drinks and stopping them and having withdrawal symptoms and things like that. And the other part of it that I think is really interesting here is tolerance. You know whether you need more of the substance over time in order to get the same reward benefit. And that hasn't been studied as much as the other part of addiction. But there's a lot to the picture other than just kind of craving things. And I would say that the thing I like about this is it chimes with my. Personal experience, which is, I have tried alcohol and cigarettes and I should probably end that list there. But I've never had any real desire for more of them. They aren't the things that tickle my brain. Whereas the food is a thing that I continue to struggle with. I would say in some senses, although I no longer like ultra-processed food at some level, I still want it. And I think of myself to some degree, without trivializing anyone's experience, to some degree I think I'm in sort of recovery from it. And it remains that tussle. I mean I don't know what you think about the difference between the kind of wanting and liking of different substances. Some scientists think those two things are quite, quite different. That you can like things you don't want, and you can want things you don't like. Well, that's exactly right. In the context of food and traditional substances of abuse, for many of them, people start consuming because they produce some sort of desired effect. But that pretty quickly goes away, and people then need the substance because if they don't have it, they feel terrible. So, you know, morphine or heroin or something like that always produces positive effects. But that initial part of the equation where you just take it because you like it turns into this needing it and having to have it. And whether that same thing exists with food is an interesting topic. I think the other really important part of the addiction argument in policy terms is that one counterargument by industrial scientists and advocates is by raising awareness around ultra-processed food we are at risk of driving, eating disorders. You know? The phenomenon of orthorexia, food avoidance, anorexia. Because all food is good food. There should be no moral value attached to food and we mustn't drive any food anxiety. And I think there are some really strong voices in the United Kingdom Eating Disorder scientists. People like Agnes Ayton, who are starting to say, look, when food is engineered, using brain scanners and using scientific development techniques to be consumed to excess, is it any wonder that people develop a disordered relationship with the food? And there may be a way of thinking about the rise of eating disorders, which is parallel to the rise of our consumption of ultra-processed food, that eating disorders are a reasonable response to a disordered food environment. And I think that's where I say all that somewhat tentatively. I feel like this is a safe space where you will correct me if I go off piste. But I think it's important to at least explore that question and go, you know, this is food with which it is very hard, I would say, to have a healthy relationship. That's my experience. And I think the early research is bearing that out. Tell us how these foods affect your hunger, how full you feel, your microbiome. That whole sort of interactive set of signals that might put people in harmony with food in a normal environment but gets thrown off when the foods get processed like this. Oh, I love that question. At some level as I'm understanding that question, one way of trying to answer that question is to go, well, what is the normal physiological response to food? Or maybe how do wild animals find, consume, and then interpret metabolically the food that they eat. And it is staggering how little we know about how we learn what food is safe and what food nourishes us. What's very clear is that wild mammals, and in fact all wild animals, are able to maintain near perfect energy balance. Obesity is basically unheard of in the wild. And, perfect nutritional intake, I mean, obviously there are famines in wild animals, but broadly, animals can do this without being literate, without being given packaging, without any nutritional advice at all. So, if you imagine an ungulate, an herbivore on the plains of the Serengeti, it has a huge difficulty. The carnivore turning herbivore into carnivore is fairly easy. They're made of the same stuff. Turning plant material into mammal is really complicated. And somehow the herbivore can do this without gaining weight, whilst maintaining total precision over its selenium intake, its manganese, its cobalt, its iron, all of which are terrible if you have too little and also terrible if you have too much. We understand there's some work done in a few wild animals, goats, and rats about how this works. Clearly, we have an ability to sense the nutrition we want. What we understand much more about is the sort of quantities needed. And so, we've ended up with a system of nutritional advice that says, well, just eat these numbers. And if you can stick to the numbers, 2,500 calories a day, 2300 milligrams of sodium, no more than 5% of your calories from free sugar or 10%, whatever it is, you know, you stick to these numbers, you'll be okay. And also, these many milligrams of cobalt, manganese, selenium, iron, zinc, all the rest of it. And obviously people can't really do that even with the packaging. This is a very long-winded answer. So, there's this system that is exquisitely sensitive at regulating micronutrient and energy intake. And what we understand, what the Academy understands about how ultra-processed food subverts this is, I would say there are sort of three or four big things that ultra-processed does that real food doesn't. It's generally very soft. And it's generally very energy dense. And that is true of even the foods that we think of as being healthy. That's like your supermarket whole grain bread. It's incredibly energy dense. It's incredibly soft. You eat calories very fast, and this research was done in the '90s, you know we've known that that kind of food promotes excessive intake. I guess in simple terms, and you would finesse this, you consume calories before your body has time to go, well, you've eaten enough. You can consume an excess. Then there's the ratios of fat, salt, and sugar and the way you can balance them, and any good cook knows if you can get the acid, fat, salt, sugar ratios right, you can make incredibly delicious food. That's kind of what I would call hyper palatability. And a lot of that work's being done in the states (US) by some incredible people. Then the food may be that because it's low in fiber and low in protein, quite often it's not satiating. And there may be, because it's also low in micronutrients and general nutrition, it may be that, and this is a little bit theoretical, but there's some evidence for this. Part of what drives the excess consumption is you're kind of searching for the nutrients. The nutrients are so dilute that you have to eat loads of it in order to get enough. Do you think, does that, is that how you understand it? It does, it makes perfect sense. In fact, I'm glad you brought up one particular issue because part of the ultra-processing that makes foods difficult for the body to deal with involves what gets put in, but also what gets taken out. And there was a study that got published recently that I think you and I might have discussed earlier on American breakfast cereals. And this study looked at how the formulation of them had changed over a period of about 20 years. And what they found is that the industry had systematically removed the protein and the fiber and then put in more things like sugar. So there, there's both what goes in and what gets taken out of foods that affects the body in this way. You know, what I hear you saying, and what I, you know, believe myself from the science, is the body's pretty capable of handling the food environment if food comes from the natural environment. You know, if you sit down to a meal of baked chicken and some beans and some leafy greens and maybe a little fruit or something, you're not going to overdo it. Over time you'd end up with the right mix of nutrients and things like that and you'd be pretty healthy. But all bets are off when these foods get processed and engineered, so you over consume them. You found that out in the experiment that you did on yourself. And then that's what science shows too. So, it's not like these things are sort of benign. People overeat them and they ought to just push away from the table. There's a lot more going on here in terms of hijacking the brain chemistry. Overriding the body signals. Really thwarting normal biology. Do you think it's important to add that we think of obesity as being the kind of dominant public health problem? That's the thing we all worry about. But the obesity is going hand in hand with stunting, for example. So, height as you reach adulthood in the US, at 19 US adults are something like eight or nine centimeters shorter than their counterparts in Northern Europe, Scandinavia, where people still eat more whole food. And we should come back to that evidence around harms, because I think the really important thing to say around the evidence is it has now reached the threshold for causality. So, we can say a dietary pattern high in ultra-processed food causes all of these negative health outcomes. That doesn't mean that any one product is going to kill you. It just means if this is the way you get your food, it's going to be harmful. And if all the evidence says, I mean, we've known this for decades. If you can cook the kind of meal, you just described at home, which is more or less the way that high income people eat, you are likely to have way better health outcomes across the board. Let me ask you about the title of your book. So, the subtitle of your book is Why We Can't Stop Eating Food That Isn't Food. So, what is it? The ultra-processed definition is something I want to pay credit for. It's really important to pay a bit of credit here. Carlos Montero was the scientist in Brazil who led a team who together came up with this definition. And, I was speaking to Fernanda Rauber who was on that team, and we were trying to discuss some research we were doing. And every time I said food, she'd correct me and go, it is not, it's not food, Chris. It's an industrially produced edible substance. And that was a really helpful thing for me personally, it's something it went into my brain, and I sat down that night. I was actually on the UPF diet, and I sat down to eat some fried chicken wings from a popular chain that many people will know. And was unable to finish them. I think our shared understanding of the purpose of food is surely that its purpose is to nourish us. Whether it's, you know, sold by someone for this purpose, or whether it's made by someone at home. You know it should nourish us spiritually, socially, culturally, and of course physically and mentally. And ultra-processed food nourishes us in no dimension whatsoever. It destroys traditional knowledge, traditional land, food culture. You don't sit down with your family and break, you know, ultra-processed, you know, crisps together. You know, you break bread. To me that's a kind of very obvious distortion of what it's become. So, I don't think it is food. You know, I think it's not too hard of a stretch to see a time when people might consider these things non-food. Because if you think of food, what's edible and whether it's food or not is completely socially constructed. I mean, some parts of the world, people eat cockroaches or ants or other insects. And in other parts of the world that's considered non-food. So just because something's edible doesn't mean that it's food. And I wonder if at some point we might start to think of these things as, oh my God, these are awful. They're really bad for us. The companies are preying on us, and it's just not food. And yeah, totally your book helps push us in that direction. I love your optimism. The consumer facing marketing budget of a big food company is often in excess of $10 billion a year. And depends how you calculate it. I'll give you a quick quiz on this. So, for a while, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation was by far the biggest funder of research in the world on childhood obesity. And they were spending $500 million a year to address this problem. Just by which day of the year the food industry has already spent $500 million just advertising just junk food just to children. Okay, so the Robert V. Wood Foundation is spending it and they were spending that annually. Annually, right. So, what's, by what day of the year is the food industry already spent that amount? Just junk food advertising just to kids. I'm going to say by somewhere in early spring. No. January 4th. I mean, it's hysterical, but it's also horrifying. So, this is the genius of ultra-processed food, of the definition and the science, is that it creates this category which is discretionary. And so at least in theory, of course, for many people in the US it's not discretionary at all. It's the only stuff they can afford. But this is why the food industry hate it so much is because it offers the possibility of going, we can redefine food. And there is all this real food over there. And there is this UPF stuff that isn't food over here. But industry's very sophisticated, you know. I mean, they push back very hard against me in many different ways and forms. And they're very good at going, well, you're a snob. How dare you say that families with low incomes, that they're not eating food. Are you calling them dupes? Are you calling them stupid? You know, they're very, very sophisticated at positioning. Isn't it nice how concerned they are about the wellbeing of people without means? I mean they have created a pricing structure and a food subsidy environment and a tax environment where essentially people with low incomes in your country, in my country, are forced to eat food that harms them. So, one of the tells I think is if you're hearing someone criticize ultra-processed food, and you'll read them in the New York Times. And often their conflicts of interest won't be reported. They may be quite hidden. The clue is, are they demanding to seriously improve the food environment in a very clear way, or are they only criticizing the evidence around ultra-processed food? And if they're only criticizing that evidence? I'll bet you a pound to a pinch of salt they'll be food-industry funded. Let's talk about that. Let's talk about that a little more. So, there's a clear pattern of scientists who take money from industry finding things that favor industry. Otherwise, industry wouldn't pay that money. They're not stupid in the way they invest. And, you and I have talked about this before, but we did a study some years ago where we looked at industry and non-industry funded study on the health effects of consuming sugar sweetened beverages. And it's like the ocean parted. It's one of my favorites. And it was something like 98 or 99% of the independently funded studies found that sugar sweetened beverages do cause harm. And 98 or 99% of the industry funded studies funded by Snapple and Coke and a whole bunch of other companies found that they did not cause harm. It was that stark, was it? It was. And so you and I pay attention to the little print in these scientific studies about who's funded them and who might have conflicts of interest. And maybe you and I and other people who follow science closely might be able to dismiss those conflicted studies. But they have a big impact out there in the world, don't they? I had a meeting in London with someone recently, that they themselves were conflicted and they said, look, if a health study's funded by a big sugary drink company, if it's good science, that's fine. We should publish it and we should take it at face value. And in the discussion with them, I kind of accepted that, we were talking about other things. And afterwards I was like, no. If a study on human health is funded by a sugary drink corporation, in my opinion, we could just tear that up. None of that should be published. No journals should publish those studies and scientists should not really call themselves scientists who are doing it. It is better thought of as marketing and food industry-funded scientists who study human health, in my opinion, are better thought of as really an extension of the marketing division of the companies. You know, it's interesting when you talk to scientists, and you ask them do people who take money from industry is their work influenced by that money? They'll say yes. Yeah, but if you say, but if you take money from industry, will your work be influenced? They'll always say no. Oh yeah. There's this tremendous arrogance, blind spot, whatever it is that. I can remain untarnished. I can remain objective, and I can help change the industry from within. In the meantime, I'm having enough money to buy a house in the mountains, you know, from what they're paying me, and it's really pretty striking. Well, the money is a huge issue. You know, science, modern science it's not a very lucrative career compared to if someone like you went and worked in industry, you would add a zero to the end of your salary, possibly more. And the same is true of me. I think one of the things that adds real heft to the independent science is that the scientists are taking a pay cut to do it. So how do children figure in? Do you think children are being groomed by the industry to eat these foods? A senator, I think in Chile, got in hot water for comparing big food companies to kind of sex offenders. He made, in my view, a fairly legitimate comparison. I mean, the companies are knowingly selling harmful products that have addictive properties using the language of addiction to children who even if they could read warning labels, the warning labels aren't on the packs. So, I mean, we have breakfast cereals called Crave. We have slogans like, once you stop, once you pop, you can't stop. Bet you can't just eat one. Yeah, I think it is predatory and children are the most vulnerable group in our society. And you can't just blame the parents. Once kids get to 10, they have a little bit of money. They get their pocket money, they're walking to school, they walk past stores. You know, you have to rely on them making decisions. And at the moment, they're in a very poor environment to make good decisions. Perhaps the most important question of all what can be done. So, I'm speaking to you at a kind of funny moment because I've been feeling that a lot of my research and advocacy, broadcasting... you know, I've made documentaries, podcasts, I've written a book, I've published these papers. I've been in most of the major newspapers and during the time I've been doing this, you know, a little under 10 years I've been really focused on food. Much less time than you. Everything has got worse. Everything I've done has really failed totally. And I think this is a discussion about power, about unregulated corporate power. And the one glimmer of hope is this complaint that's been filed in Pennsylvania by a big US law firm. It's a very detailed complaint and some lawyers on behalf of a young person called Bryce Martinez are suing the food industry for causing kidney problems and type two diabetes. And I think that in the end is what's going to be needed. Strategic litigation. That's the only thing that worked with tobacco. All of the science, it eventually was useful, but the science on its own and the advocacy and the campaigning and all of it did no good until the lawyers said we would like billions and billions of dollars in compensation please. You know, this is an exciting moment, but there were a great many failed lawsuits for tobacco before the master settlement agreement in the '90s really sort of changed the game. You know, I agree with you. Are you, are you optimistic? I mean, what do you think? I am, and for exactly the same reason you are. You know, the poor people that worked on public health and tobacco labored for decades without anything happening long, long after the health consequences of cigarette smoking were well known. And we've done the same thing. I mean, those us who have been working in the field for all these years have seen precious little in the ways of policy advances. Now tobacco has undergone a complete transformation with high taxes on cigarettes, and marketing restrictions, and non-smoking in public places, laws, and things like that, that really have completely driven down the consumption of cigarettes, which has been a great public health victory. But what made those policies possible was the litigation that occurred by the state attorneys general, less so the private litigating attorneys. But the state attorneys general in the US that had discovery documents released. People began to understand more fully the duplicity of the tobacco companies. That gave cover for the politicians to start passing the policies that ultimately made the big difference. I think that same history is playing out here. The state attorneys general, as we both know, are starting to get interested in this. I say hurray to that. There is the private lawsuit that you mentioned, and there's some others in the mix as well. I think those things will bring a lot of propel the release of internal documents that will show people what the industry has been doing and how much of this they've known all along. And then all of a sudden some of these policy things like taxes, for example, on sugared beverages, might come in and really make a difference. That's my hope. But it makes me optimistic. Well, I'm really pleased to hear that because I think in your position it would be possible. You know, I'm still, two decades behind where I might be in my pessimism. One of the kind of engines of this problem to me is these conflicts of interest where people who say, I'm a physician, I'm a scientist, I believe all this. And they're quietly paid by the food industry. This was the major way the tobacco industry had a kind of social license. They were respectable. And I do hope the lawsuits, one of their functions is it becomes a little bit embarrassing to say my research institute is funded [by a company that keeps making headlines every day because more documents are coming out in court, and they're being sued by more and more people. So, I hope that this will diminish the conflict, particularly between scientists and physicians in the food industry. Because that to me, those are my biggest opponents. The food industry is really nice. They throw money at me. But it's the conflicted scientists that are really hard to argue with because they appear so respectable. Bio Dr. Chris van Tulleken is a physician and a professor of Infection and Global Health at University College London. He trained at Oxford and earned his PhD in molecular virology from University College London. His research focuses on how corporations affect human health especially in the context of child nutrition and he works with UNICEF and The World Health Organization on this area. He is the author of a book entitled Ultraprocessed People: Why We Can't Stop Eating Food That Isn't Food. As one of the BBC's leading broadcasters for children and adults his work has won two BAFTAs. He lives in London with his wife and two children.

A Chinese research team published a paper Monday in the British journal Nature Medicine, reporting the world's first successful transplantation of a genetically-edited pig lung into a brain-dead human recipient. 中国科研团队于周一在英国《自然・医学》期刊发表论文，报告了全球首例基因编辑猪肺成功移植到脑死亡人体的案例。This achievement is expected to help ease the shortage of lung donors and has been hailed by international experts as "a milestone" in the field, according to Xinhua News Agency. 据新华社报道，这一成果有望缓解肺源短缺问题，被国际专家誉为该领域的“里程碑” 事件。A research team led by He Jianxing, a professor at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, transplanted a lung from a six-gene-edited pig into a 39-year-old brain-dead male human recipient following a brain hemorrhage. The lung xenograft remained viable and functional throughout the 216-hour monitoring period, without signs of hyperacute rejection or infection, according to the paper in Nature Medicine.由广州医科大学附属第一医院何建行教授带领的科研团队，将一头经过6 处基因编辑的猪的肺脏，移植到一名因脑出血脑死亡的 39 岁男性受者体内。《自然・医学》期刊的论文显示，在 216 小时（9 天）的监测期内，这一异种移植肺始终保持存活且功能正常，未出现超急性排斥反应及感染迹象。The donor pig had undergone six genetic edits to reduce immune risks. Postoperative monitoring of respiration, blood, and imaging showed that the transplanted lung sustained ventilation and gas-exchange functions for up to nine days, with no occurrence of hyperacute rejection during this period. Concurrent pathogen monitoring also revealed no signs of active infection, the Xinhua report said. 报道称，供体猪共进行了6 处基因编辑，以降低免疫排斥风险。术后对呼吸、血液及影像学的监测表明，移植肺维持通气和气体交换功能达 9 天，期间未发生超急性排斥反应；同时开展的病原体监测也未发现活动性感染迹象。As of April, more than 7.05 million people have registered as organ donors in China, the Global Times learned in April. There have been more than 58,000 organ donations, 63,000 body donations, and 110,000 corneal donations, restoring sight to 100,000, saving over 170,000 lives and supporting medical education and research. Yet, the country still faces a donor shortage.《环球时报》4 月获悉，截至 2024 年 4 月，我国器官捐献志愿者登记人数已超 705 万。全国累计完成器官捐献超 5.8 万例、遗体捐献超 6.3 万例、角膜捐献超 11 万例，累计让 10 万名患者重见光明、17 万余名患者重获新生，并为医学教育科研提供了支持。尽管如此，我国器官供体短缺问题仍未得到根本解决。"Currently, global demand for organ transplants is rising, and xenotransplantation is considered a potential solution to the shortage of donors," He told Xinhua. "This achievement marks a critical step forward in xenogeneic lung transplantation."“当前全球器官移植需求持续增长，异种移植被认为是解决供体短缺的潜在方案。” 何建行向新华社表示，“这一成果标志着异种肺移植研究迈出关键一步。”Liu Changqiu, the deputy head of Life Law Research Society of Shanghai Law Society, told the Global Times on Tuesday that there are three major approaches for future organ supply, which are xenotransplantation, development of artificial organs as well as cultivating organs through cloned human cells, the latter of which still faces technical bottlenecks.上海市法学会生命法学研究会副会长刘长秋周二向《环球时报》指出，未来器官供应主要有三种途径，分别是异种移植、人工器官研发以及通过人体克隆细胞培育器官，其中后者目前仍面临技术瓶颈。Given ongoing challenges in cloned and artificial organ development, xenotransplantation plays a critical role in easing the shortage of donors, Liu said.刘长秋表示，鉴于克隆器官和人工器官研发仍存在挑战，异种移植在缓解供体短缺方面发挥着关键作用。He stated that the next steps will focus on optimizing gene-editing strategies and anti-rejection treatment plans to extend the survival and functionality of transplanted organs. 何建行团队透露，下一步将重点优化基因编辑策略与抗排斥治疗方案，以延长移植器官的存活时间并提升功能。The team plans to apply their self-developed tube-free technology to xenogeneic lung transplantation trials to reduce the damage caused by mechanical ventilation to donor lungs and accelerate the translation of xenogeneic lung transplantation into clinical practice.团队还计划将自主研发的无插管技术应用于异种肺移植试验，减少机械通气对供体肺造成的损伤，推动异种肺移植技术更快向临床转化。The research team emphasized that the study strictly complied to national laws, regulations, and ethical guidelines, and underwent review and supervision by the hospital's ethics committee and other relevant institutions. 科研团队强调，该研究严格遵循国家法律法规与伦理准则，经过医院伦理委员会及相关机构的审查与监督。The recipient, who had suffered severe traumatic brain injury, was confirmed brain-dead after multiple independent evaluations. The family, motivated by a desire to support medical progress, agreed to participate in the study without compensation. The study concluded on the ninth day at the family's request, per Xinhua.据新华社介绍，此次移植的受者因严重创伤性脑损伤，经多次独立评估确认脑死亡。其家属出于支持医学进步的意愿，无偿同意参与该研究。应家属要求，研究在第9 天终止。Xenotransplantation, the process of transplanting animal organs into humans, is a cutting-edge field in global medical research. International experts have praised this breakthrough. 异种移植（将动物器官移植到人体）是全球医学研究的前沿领域，中国团队的这一突破获得国际专家高度评价。Xinhua cited Beatriz Domínguez-Gil, director of the Spanish National Transplant Organization, as saying that, "Previous xenotransplantation trials have been limited to kidneys, hearts, and livers. Compared with these, xenogeneic lung transplantation faces greater challenges. Due to the lung's delicate physiological balance, its exposure to substantial blood flow, and its constant contact with the external air, it is particularly vulnerable to damage." 新华社援引西班牙国家移植组织主任贝亚特里斯・多明格斯- 希尔的评价称：“此前的异种移植试验多集中在肾脏、心脏和肝脏领域。与这些器官相比，异种肺移植面临的挑战更大 —— 肺脏生理结构脆弱，不仅需承受大量血流灌注，还需持续与外界空气接触，因此极易受损。”She described the Chinese team's achievement as "a milestone" in related research.她将中国团队的这一成果称为相关研究领域的“里程碑”。

Il y a quelques jours, je me suis plongée dans le livre de mon invitée, No More Plastic: comment le plastique ruine notre santé.  Je croyais avoir compris l'enjeu du plastique, sujet que j'avais traité plusieurs fois dans des épisodes de Demain N'attend Pas. Et pourtant… en trois heures de lecture, ma vision a basculé. J'ai levé les yeux du livre, j'ai regardé mon appartement, mes placards… et j'ai pris conscience de l'ampleur des dégâts : nous vivons littéralement dans le plastique.  Ses fonctionnalités extraordinaires (résistance, durabilité, légereté, imperméabilisation, brillance...) en ont fait un matériaux de base pour toutes les industries.  Résultat : le plastique est partout autour de nous. Dans nos bouteilles et nos contenants, dans nos vêtements et nos chaussures, dans nos crèmes, nos vernis et nos shampooings, dans nos produits ménagers, et jusque dans notre nourriture... Partout.  Aujourd'hui, je suis ravie d'accueillir Rosalie Mann, fondatrice de la No More Plastic Foundation, une ONG engagée contre la pollution plastique, et autrice du livre No More Plastic, comment le plastique ruine notre santé publié aux éditions La Plage.Rosalie nous rappelle la réalité des chiffres : 

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Menschen, die später Freunde werden, ticken oft schon vorher ähnlich im Kopf +++ Schweinelunge in hirntoten Menschen verpflanzt +++ Anstieg der Lebenserwartung in wohlhabenderen Ländern wird langsamer +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Neural similarity predicts whether strangers become friends, Nature Human Behaviour, 04.08.2025Pig-to-human lung xenotransplantation into a brain-dead recipient, Nature Medicine, 25.08.2025Cohort mortality forecasts indicate signs of deceleration in life expectancy gains, PNAS, 25.08.2025Ingroup solidarity drives social media engagement after political crises, PNAS, 29.08.2025Saurier-Überreste im Steigerwald entdeckt: CT-Scans enthüllen zehn im Gestein eingeschlossene Schädel, LfU, 26.08.2025Alle Quellen findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok und Instagram .

Did you know that your blood sugar spikes differ from everyone else's? Even with the same food!A new study in Nature Medicine supports what many have long suspected: there is no one-size-fits-all diet. The foods that spike your blood sugar might not affect someone else the same way, and your unique metabolic profile could be the reason why.In this episode of the Metabolic Mind podcast, Baszucki Group Neuroscience Program Officer Dr. Cristina Nigro joins Dr. Bret Scher to break down the study “Individual variations in glycemic responses to carbohydrates and underlying metabolic physiology.” This research used continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) to track how different individuals respond to carbohydrate-rich foods, and the results are eye-opening.

Kann man den Hunger einfach wegspritzen? Und was passiert eigentlich, wenn du plötzlich keinen Appetit mehr hast?Die Medien sind voll von Mythen, Halbwissen und Marketing rund um Ozempic, Wegovy und anderen der sogenannten „Abnehmspritzen“. In dieser Episode bekommst du den Überblick, den du brauchst – um Dir eine eigene Meinung zu bilden.Du erfährst:warum viele Menschen nicht zunehmen, obwohl sie mehr essen – und andere schon bei normalen Portionen zunehmen,was GLP-1-Wirkstoffe mit Spielsucht, Alkohol und impulsivem Verhalten zu tun haben,warum viele Patienten nach dem Absetzen der Spritze schneller wieder zunehmen, als sie abgenommen haben,und warum es gefährlich sein kann, unter diesen Medikamenten zwar Gewicht zu verlieren – aber dabei Muskeln zu verbrennen statt Fett.Und wenn Du ohnehin sagst: „Spritze? Kommt für mich nicht infrage“, lohnt diese Episode – weil sie Dir hilft, den Mechanismus hinter Hunger, Sättigung und Gewohnheiten besser zu verstehen. Und damit auch Deinen eigenen Körper effektiver zu steuern.____________*WERBUNG: Infos zum Werbepartner dieser Folge und allen weiteren Werbepartnern findest Du hier.____________Mehr zum Thema:Podcast: Folge 502: Ratgeber Nahrungsergänzung – mit Ernährungsmediziner Niels Schulz-RuhtenbergQuellen:Wilding, J. P. H. et al. (2021). Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity. New England Journal of Medicine, 384(11), 989–1002.Garvey, W. T. et al. (2022). Two-year effects of semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity: The STEP 5 trial. Nature Medicine, 28(10), 2083–2091.Jastreboff, A. M. et al. (2022). Tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity. New England Journal of Medicine, 387(3), 205–216.Ryan, D. H. & Yockey, S. R. (2017). Weight loss and improvement in comorbidity: Differences at 5%, 10%, 15%, and over. Current Obesity Reports, 6(2), 187–194.Marx, N. et al. (2022). GLP-1 receptor agonists for the reduction of atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. Circulation, 146(24), 1882–1894.Lincoff, A. M. et al. (2023). Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in obesity without diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 389(24), 2221–2232.Karakasis, P. et al. (2023). Effect of tirzepatide on renal function in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.Ida, S. et al. (2021). Effects of antidiabetic drugs on muscle mass in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Current Diabetes Reviews, 17(3), 293–303.Wilding, J. P. H. et al. (2021). Impact of semaglutide on body composition in adults with overweight or obesity: Exploratory analysis of the STEP 1 study. Journal of the Endocrine Society, 5(Suppl. 1), A16–A17.Gorgojo-Martínez, J. J. et al. (2022). Clinical recommendations to manage gastrointestinal adverse events in patients treated with GLP-1 receptor agonists: A multidisciplinary expert consensus. Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, 12(1).Tantawy, S. A. et al. (2017). Effects of physical activity and diet control to manage constipation in middle-aged obese women. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity, 10, 513–519.Jastreboff, A. M. et al. (2023). Triple–hormone-receptor agonist retatrutide for obesity — A phase 2 trial. New England Journal of Medicine, 389(6), 514–526.***Shownotes und Übersicht aller Folgen.Trag Dich in Marks Dranbleiber Newsletter ein.Entdecke Marks Bücher.Folge Mark auf Instagram, Facebook, Strava, LinkedIn. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Newt talks with Dr. Nolan Williams, M.D., Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University and co-author of the Stanford Medicine study, “Magnesium-ibogaine therapy in veterans with traumatic brain injuries.” Stanford Medicine researchers have discovered that ibogaine, a plant-based psychoactive drug, combined with magnesium, can safely and effectively reduce PTSD, anxiety, and depression, while improving functioning in veterans with traumatic brain injury. Published in Nature Medicine, the study included detailed data on 30 U.S. Special Forces veterans who underwent supervised ibogaine treatments. One-month post-treatment, participants showed average reductions of 88% in PTSD symptoms, 87% in depression symptoms, and 81% in anxiety symptoms, alongside cognitive improvements. Dr. Williams discusses the potential of ibogaine for neural repair and addiction treatment, highlighting its ability to reestablish critical periods of brain plasticity and unbiased choice in addiction recovery. Despite cardiac risks, mitigated by magnesium, ibogaine offers promising results, with ongoing efforts to gain FDA approval and integrate it into veteran healthcare. The study suggests ibogaine could revolutionize treatment for PTSD, addiction, and traumatic brain injury, offering long-lasting benefits from a single dose.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this groundbreaking episode, Jonathan, Tim, and guest researcher Professor Quirijn de Mast explore a landmark clinical trial conducted in partnership with Tanzanian scientists and community members at the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC). Published in Nature Medicine, the study investigates what happens when people switch between Western-style eating and a traditional diet from the Kilimanjaro region of Northern Tanzania — rich in fermented foods, legumes, ancient grains, and green vegetables. The results? Rapid, measurable changes to immune function, inflammation, and gut health — with powerful implications for global disease risk.We dive into the science behind millet porridge, fermented banana beer, and the fibre-rich meals that Tanzanian communities have eaten for generations. Quirijn shares insights from his 20-year collaboration with local researchers. This episode explores scientific research on traditional East African diets and inflammation, led by Quirijn in close collaboration with Tanzanian scientists and participants. As Western scientists and hosts, we are aware of the need for humility when discussing cultural traditions not our own, and we approach this conversation with respect and curiosity.

What if your blood pressure — even just a little too high — is quietly damaging your brain? What if it's increasing your risk of a heart attack or stroke, without you ever feeling a thing? In this episode, Professor Tim Spector reveals why blood pressure is one of the most overlooked – and most dangerous – health issues today. He explains why “normal for your age” might not be safe at all, why medication alone isn't the full answer, and how small, daily changes could dramatically reduce your risk of serious disease. Can your gut microbes raise your blood pressure? Can a banana be as powerful as a pill? Is beetroot juice really three times more effective than cutting salt? You'll also learn why 80% of the salt we eat isn't from the shaker, how stress and sleep secretly push your pressure up, and what most doctors still miss when treating hypertension. If you've ever been told your blood pressure's “fine” — or never measured it at all — this episode might change the way you think about your future health.

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n this episode of Psychedelics Today, kicking of Psychedelic Science 2025 week in Denver, we sit down with Jonathan Dicksinson, Chief Executive Officer, and Trevor Millar, Chief Operations Officer of Ambio Life Sciences – one of the world's leading ibogaine clinics – to explore the potential of ibogaine for addiction, neuroregeneration, and how ethics, honoring experience, and sustainability will be key to delivering ibogaine at scale.  Trevor shares his early work supporting marginalized populations in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside, which led to the founding of Liberty Root, one of Canada's first ibogaine clinics. Jonathan reflects on his apprenticeship in Mexican clinics, years of international advocacy with the Global Ibogaine Therapy Alliance, and drafting the first set of clinical guidelines for ibogaine detoxification. Together with paramedic and ibogaine safety protocols expert Jose Inzunza, they co-founded Ambio in Tijuana in 2021. They discuss: The unique safety standards Ambio has pioneered – including industry-wide clinical protocols and magnesium therapy to mitigate cardiac risk. Their scale: over 3,000 patients treated, with 100+ clients per month across five dedicated houses in Baja California. Ambio's groundbreaking neuroregenerative program for Parkinson's, MS, and traumatic brain injury – which has already drawn patients like Brett Favre and Clay Walker. How ibogaine appears to drive profound physiological change – including evidence of TBI reversal as shown in Stanford's 2024 study on Special Forces veterans. Why ibogaine isn't just a molecule – it opens a long-lasting “critical period” of neuroplasticity that must be supported with preparation, integration, and holistic care. The deeper story of sourcing: through his company Terragnosis, Jonathan is the only person with a legal export license for Tabernanthe iboga from Gabon, and Ambio is setting a precedent for reciprocal and ethical global supply chains. Their cautionary perspective on Texas' $50M push toward ibogaine clinical trials – and why the traditional “one drug, one indication” model misses the complexity and promise of psychedelic healing. They also make a compelling case that Ambio is already modeling what the future of psychedelic care should look like – not a single drug in a sterile clinical setting, but a comprehensive, integrated protocol combining preparation, medical oversight, and deep integration. “Start with the end in mind,” Trevor urges – Ambio isn't just part of the movement; it's the blueprint for how ibogaine could be delivered worldwide. Links: Ambio Website: https://ambio.life/ Significant lesion reduction and neural structural changes following ibogaine treatments for multiple sclerosis (Frontiers in Immunology, Feb 2025) Magnesium–ibogaine therapy in veterans with traumatic brain injuries (Nature Medicine, Jan 2024) Ibogaine reduced severe neuropathic pain associated with a case of brachial plexus nerve root avulsion (Frontiers in Pain Research, Aug 2023) Novel treatment of opioid use disorder using ibogaine and iboga in two adults (Journal of Psychedelic Studies, Jan 2020) Clinical Guidelines for Ibogaine-Assisted Detoxification Ambio Life Sciences Launches World's First Clinical Ibogaine Program for Patients With Neurodegenerative Conditions Bios:  Jonathan Dickinson is the Chief Executive Officer and Co-Founder of Ambio Life Sciences. One of the world's leading experts on ibogaine, Jonathan brings over 15 years of experience in clinical care, traditional practice, and psychedelic research to his leadership at Ambio. A Mexico-licensed psychologist and former Executive Director of the Global Ibogaine Therapy Alliance, he authored the field's foundational safety guidelines and has published widely on ibogaine's therapeutic, cultural, and ecological significance. He holds the only active export license for Tabernanthe iboga root, led the first Nagoya-compliant export from Gabon, and was initiated into the Dissoumba/Fang tradition of Bwiti in 2014 and the Missoko tradition in 2022. He has co-authored peer-reviewed research on ibogaine's potential for trauma, TBI, pain, MS, and Parkinson's. At Ambio, he leads strategy, research, and innovation – advancing a globally scalable model of care that bridges tradition, science, and integrity. Trevor Millar is the Chief Operating Officer and Co-Founder of Ambio Life Sciences. A social entrepreneur and pioneer in ibogaine advocacy and treatment, Trevor brings over a decade of experience supporting individuals through addiction recovery, trauma healing, and post-treatment integration. His background includes co-founding the Canadian Psychedelic Association and serving as Chair of the Board for MAPS Canada. He has co-authored peer-reviewed research on ibogaine's applications for trauma, TBI, and opioid use disorder, and has been featured in award-winning documentaries including DOSED and In Waves and War. Grounded in personal experience and guided by a philosophical approach to healing, Trevor is helping shape a new model for ethical, integrative psychedelic care on a global scale. At Ambio, Trevor leads operations, strategic partnerships, and client experience – bridging clinical care with systems design, education, and public advocacy.

A brand-new study just dropped in Nature Medicine… and the numbers are worse than we thought. In this episode, I'm breaking down the latest dementia statistics that every caregiver, family member, and adult over 55 needs to know. This is more than just data—it's a wake-up call. We're talking risk factors, who's most vulnerable, and why dementia care is on the verge of a national crisis. But don't worry—there's hope too. I'll also share where to turn next and how we can take action now. Click the link below to read the full study: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1tkUsmdUeWIvASlpgkd3seeDHwLUBF9-T/view?usp=sharing  If you'd like to see this episode on video, you can hop on over to my YouTube channel here. Get Weekly Dementia Tips in Your Inbox! Sign up for our FREE Dementia Dose newsletter at https://careblazers.com/dementiadose It's our mission to make dementia caregiving easier for families caring for a loved one with Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, lewy body dementia, vascular dementia, or any other type of dementia. We believe that in order to create a more dementia-friendly world, we must first create a caregiver-friendly world. That's why we create free educational training videos like this one so that anyone with an internet connection can get access to dementia care information. **This channel and any information by Dementia Careblazers is not a substitute for healthcare. This is not healthcare advice. Please talk to your healthcare providers for specific feedback on your situation.

Can adults still grow new neurons in their brains? You'd think we might know the answer to the question of adult “neurogenesis” after more than half a century of neuroscience research. But it turns out we don't.In this episode of The Studies Show, Tom and Stuart look into the suprisingly controversial question of adult neurogenesis. Are you “stuck with” the number of brain cells you had as a child, or can you add to that number by making the right choices as an adult? And does it even matter?This podcast is brought to you by Works in Progress magazine, which this week has a new article explaining why nuclear power is so expensive (spoiler: it relies on an incorrect scientific model that we've discussed in previous podcast episodes: the “linear no threshold” model. For a full explanation, along with articles on a dizzying array of other progress-related topics, take a look at www.worksinprogress.co. Show notes* Summary post on the debate by Scott Alexander from 2018* 2000 PNAS study on the brains of London taxi drivers* 2021 retrospective review of taxi driver studies* Study comparing passed vs. failed cabbies on “The Knowledge”* Study putting together neuroimaging research on when the brain peaks in volume and other measures* 1962 Science study on neurogenesis in rats* 1999 BrdU study in macaque monkeys* Famous 1998 study on neurogenesis in the human hippocampus* 2006 PNAS sudy on testing neocortical neurogenesis using Carbon-14 dating* 2013 study using similar methods on the hippocampus* 2018 Nature paper claiming no adult neurogenesis* Associated commentary article* Atlantic article describing the controversy by Ed Yong* 2018 paper finding neurogenesis occuring up to age 79* 2019 Nature Medicine paper claiming “abundant” adult neurogenesis* Fair-minded 2019 review paper* Somewhat angrier 2021 review paperCreditsThe Studies Show is produced by Julian Mayers at Yada Yada Productions. We're grateful to Claire Wang for her help with researching this episode. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.thestudiesshowpod.com/subscribe

It is now known that the Covid 19 epidemic of early 2020 resulted from an accidental release of the virus from the Wuhan lab funded by the US Defense Department and Tony Fauci through the EcoHealth Alliance. Join our Happy Warrior community www.WeHappyWarriors.com But eminent scientists wrote in Lancet Magazine and in Nature Medicine magazine early in 2020 that Covid came from the so-called Wet Market in Wuhan and thinking otherwise is crazy conspiracy theory. Take a look at the wonderful Tower of Power course:  https://www.wehappywarriors.com/offers/L6KwuaXh?coupon_code=MEMORIAL15 .  As late as October 2023 the New York Times was still insisting that the Wuhan Virology Lab escape story was nonsense. For Memorial Day, America's Real War eBook – only $10. America's Real War (Paperback) – now just $15  Wuhan was operating with the same biosecurity levels you'd find at your dentist instead of hi level security needed for lethal viruses.  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

It is now known that the Covid 19 epidemic of early 2020 resulted from an accidental release of the virus from the Wuhan lab funded by the US Defense Department and Tony Fauci through the EcoHealth Alliance. Join our Happy Warrior community www.WeHappyWarriors.com. But eminent scientists wrote in Lancet Magazine and in Nature Medicine magazine early in 2020 that Covid came from the so-called Wet Market in Wuhan and thinking otherwise is crazy conspiracy theory. Take a look at the wonderful Tower of Power course:  https://www.wehappywarriors.com/offers/L6KwuaXh?coupon_code=MEMORIAL15 . As late as October 2023 the New York Times was still insisting that the Wuhan Virology Lab escape story was nonsense. For Memorial Day, America's Real War eBook – only $10. America's Real War (Paperback) – now just $15. Wuhan was operating with the same biosecurity levels you'd find at your dentist instead of hi level security needed for lethal viruses.

How important is one's family history when determining Alzheimer's risk? Returning guests Drs. Jessica Langbaum and Sterling Johnson discuss the latest research on family history and genetic risk factors and share their perspectives on the topic, specifically focusing on the role of the APOE gene as a risk factor. Guests: Sterling Johnson, PhD, leader, Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention (WRAP), associate director, Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, associate director, Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, lead principal investigator, ADRC Consortium for Clarity in ADRD Research Through Imaging (CLARiTI), Jean R. Finley Professor of Geriatrics and Dementia, UW School of Medicine and Public Health, and Jessica Langbaum, PhD, senior director of research strategy, Banner Alzheimer's Institute, overseer, Observational Research Program, Clinical Trials Program, Alzheimer's Prevention Initiative, director, Alzheimer's Prevention Registry, director, Arizona Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Show Notes Read Dr. Langbaum's viewpoint, “The Risk of Alzheimer Disease in APOE4 Homozygotes,” on the Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) website. Read Dr. Johnson's article, “APOE4 homozygosity represents a distinct genetic form of Alzheimer's disease,” on Nature Medicine's website. Read Dr. Chin's opinion piece, “What to do if your family has a history of Alzheimer's,” mentioned at 2:04 on the Wisconsin State Journal's website. Please note there is a paywall to access the article. Read Dr. Tobey Betthauser's paper, “Multi-method investigation of factors influencing amyloid onset and impairment in three cohorts,” mentioned by Dr. Johnson at 16:50, on the National Library of Medicine's website. Learn more about the Banner Alzheimer's Institute on their website.  Read about the GeneMatch program from the Alzheimer's Prevention Registry on their website.  Learn more about the Arizona Alzheimer's Disease Research Center on their website.  Connect with us Find transcripts and more at our website. Email Dementia Matters: dementiamatters@medicine.wisc.edu Follow us on Facebook and Twitter. Subscribe to the Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center's e-newsletter. Enjoy Dementia Matters? Consider making a gift to the Dementia Matters fund through the UW Initiative to End Alzheimer's. All donations go toward outreach and production.

Antimicrobial resistance is a rising global threat. When these become ineffective, infections can become difficult or impossible to treat, leading to an increase in the spread and severity of disease. In a new study, published in Nature Medicine, a team of researchers at the Center for Phage Biology and Therapy at Yale discovered a novel approach that may revolutionize the fight against antimicrobial resistance. In the study, the research team investigated the use of phage therapy—the use of viruses, or phages, to target and kill bacteria—to help patients with cystic fibrosis, a disease in which antimicrobial resistance is a significant issue. The team pioneered a strategy to select phages that not only kill bacteria that cause infections but also weaken surviving bacteria to become less virulent or less resistant to antibiotics. Joining me today to discuss phage therapy and their research is Jon Koff, MD, Dr. Koff is an associate professor in Yale School of Medicine's Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine and medical director of the Center for Phage Biology and Therapy.   Check out the paper: Phage Therapy May Treat Drug Resistance in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis, Study Finds   Watch the video version at Outbreak News TV

Join us on the latest episode, hosted by Jared S. Taylor!Our Guest: Ross Harper, CEO & Co-Founder at Limbic.What you'll get out of this episode:Scaling Mental Healthcare with AI: Limbic uses regulated AI agents to bridge the gap between mental health needs and clinical supply, enabling autonomous intake, triage, diagnostics, and care delivery.Largest Deployment of Generative AI in UK Healthcare: Adopted by 40% of the UK's NHS, supporting over 420,000 patients.Proven Clinical Impact: Peer-reviewed research in top journals (e.g., Nature Medicine) shows improved outcomes, reduced wait times, and better access—especially for underserved communities.Rapid U.S. Expansion: In just 9 months, Limbic has gone live in 13 states with a roadmap to reach all 50.Next-Gen AI Tools Incoming: Limbic is introducing voice capabilities and deeper clinical insights to further improve engagement and care delivery.To learn more about Limbic: Website https://limbic.ai Linkedin https://www.linkedin.com/company/limbic-ai/Our sponsors for this episode are:Sage Growth Partners https://www.sage-growth.com/Quantum Health https://www.quantum-health.com/Show and Host's Socials:Slice of HealthcareLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/sliceofhealthcare/Jared S TaylorLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jaredstaylor/WHAT IS SLICE OF HEALTHCARE?The go-to site for digital health executive/provider interviews, technology updates, and industry news. Listed to in 65+ countries.

Trump dijo que "no está contento" después de que Rusia lanzó su ola de ataques más mortíferos contra Kyiv en nueve meses, diciéndole al presidente Vladimir Putin que "¡SE DETENGA!", mientras intenta presionar a Ucrania para que acepte una polémica propuesta de alto al fuego. Luego de que el miércoles hubo bloqueos y actos violentos en Michoacán, Guanajuato y Jalisco, Harfuch salió a decir que fue por un enfrentamiento entre bandas criminales. Se sabe que dos policías murieron y aún no hay detenidos.Además… Sheinbaum aseguró que no hay censura en la reforma a la ley de Telecomunicaciones que envió al Congreso; Asesinaron a la madre buscadora María del Carmen Morales, y su hijo en Jalisco; El Vaticano dejó abierta toda la noche la Basílica de San Pedro; Las tensiones entre la India y Pakistán están escalando; Grupo Modelo invertirá 3,600 millones de dólares en México; Y Dos personas resultaron heridas por el colapso de unas gradas en el Palacio de los Deportes durante el concierto de Quevedo.Y para #ElVasoMedioLleno… Un estudio publicado en Nature Medicine mostró que controlarse la presión, fortalece un 15% al cerebro frente a la demencia.Para enterarte de más noticias como estas, síguenos en redes sociales. Estamos en todas las plataformas como @telokwento. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The NACE Journal Club with Dr. Neil Skolnik, provides review and analysis of recently published journal articles important to the practice of primary care medicine. In this episode Dr. Skolnik and guests review the following publications:1. Adverse Outcomes Associated With Inhaled Corticosteroid Use in Individuals With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Annals of Family Medicine 2025. Discussion by:Guest:Barbara Yawn, MD, MSc, MPHAdjunct Professor, Department of Family and Community HealthUniversity of Minnesota Former Chief Scientific Officer at the COPD Foundation2. Optimal dietary patterns for healthy aging. Nature Medicine. Discussion by:Guest:Jessica Stieritz, MD Resident– Family Medicine Residency Program Jefferson Health – Abington3. Amount and intensity of daily total physical activity, step count and risk of incident cancer. British Journal of Sports Medicine. Discussion by:Guest:William Callahan, D.O. Associate Director – Family Medicine Residency ProgramJefferson Health – AbingtonMedical Director and Host, Neil Skolnik, MD, is an academic family physician who sees patients and teaches residents and medical students as professor of Family and Community Medicine at the Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University and Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program at Abington Jefferson Health in Pennsylvania. Dr. Skolnik graduated from Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta, Georgia, and did his residency training at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital in Philadelphia, PA. This Podcast Episode does not offer CME/CE Credit. Please visit http://naceonline.com to engage in more live and on demand CME/CE content.

In this episode, we're joined by the brilliant Dr. Tim Spector—Professor of Genetic Epidemiology, founder of the renowned TwinsUK study, and co-founder of the science-driven nutrition company ZOE. Known for his groundbreaking research featured in the Netflix documentary Hack Your Health and over 900 published studies, Dr. Spector dives into the fascinating science of the gut microbiome, why identical twins don't respond the same to food, and how ZOE's massive nutrition study (published in Nature Medicine) is transforming how we understand personalized health. We unpack the science behind fiber (why he eats 30 different plants a week), what improves or damages your microbiome, and how gut health ties directly to mood, sleep, and metabolic health. Dr. Spector also shares his thoughts on mental well-being, the real issue behind the rise of protein, and offers an early peek at the new Processed Food Risk Scale. If you're looking to go beyond basic nutrition advice and get into the real science of food, microbes, and health, this is the episode for you.Follow Dr. Tim Spector on InstagramZOE Gut Microbiome Test LINKZOE Fiber Supplement LINK

In this episode Dr's J and Santhosh once again round up the latest in medical news this time with an emphasis on some surprising stories related to healthcare. Along the way they cover a peek behind the curtain of our production, cello scrotum, a new form of airline screening, Ro and contagion numbers,, the health benefits of scratching itches, the inflammatory response, permission to eat boogers, new methods to grow teeth, a rant about George Washingtons dentures, transgenic experiments tooth in eye surgery and more! So sit back and relax as we discuss things that will make you say, what the health??Further ReadingJournal reference Nature Medicine DOI: 10.1038/s41591-025-03501-4Science DOI: 10.1126/science.adn9390https://academic.oup.com/stcltm/article/14/2/szae076/7933795?login=truehttps://www.vice.com/en/article/surgeons-just-put-a-tooth-in-a-blind-patients-eye-to-restore-their-sight/Support Us spiritually, emotionally or financially here! or on ACAST+travelmedicinepodcast.comBlueSky/Mastodon/X: @doctorjcomedy @toshyfroTikotok: DrjtoksmedicineGmail: travelmedicinepodcast@gmail.comSpotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/28uQe3cYGrTLhP6X0zyEhTPatreon: https://www.patreon.com/travelmedicinepodcast Supporting us monthly has all sorts of perks! You get ad free episodes, bonus musical parody, behind the scenes conversations not available to regular folks and more!! Your support helps us to pay for more guest interviews, better equipment, and behind the scenes people who know what they are doing! https://plus.acast.com/s/travelmedicinepodcast. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

What if one psychedelic plant could change how we approach trauma, addiction, and even neurodegenerative diseases?In this eye-opening episode of Keeping It Real, Jillian sits down with Bryan Hubbard, a leading voice in the psychedelic therapy space, to explore the power of Ibogaine therapy.Together, they take a deep dive into:How ibogaine works in the brain to disrupt addiction cycles, rewire trauma pathways, and stimulate neuroplasticity to help people with everything from sobriety to weight loss. The powerful potential of ibogaine therapy to address depression, anxiety, PTSD, and stress-related illnessWhy ibogaine may offer hope for those experiencing cognitive decline, and how it's being studied for conditions like Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis (MS), and Lyme diseaseThe recent Stanford University–Ambio study, published in Nature Medicine, showing remarkable improvements in veterans with traumatic brain injuries — and no serious adverse eventsWhy veterans, trauma survivors, and chronic illness patients are turning to alternative, plant-based healing modalitiesWhile ibogaine therapy remains unapproved by the FDA and is only legal in certain countries, this episode brings awareness to a growing global movement pushing the boundaries of how we understand and treat human suffering.Disclaimer: This episode is for educational and informational purposes only. Ibogaine is not FDA-approved and should not be considered medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Richard Gaster, M.D., Ph.D., is a Managing Partner at venBio with experience as a physician, entrepreneur, and life science investor. Now, a cancer dad. He has helped to launch, invest, and serve on the board of or as board observer of a number of venBio companies. Prior to joining venBio, Dr. Gaster served as the head of translational medicine at Pliant Therapeutics. As a key member of the founding management team, Dr. Gaster was instrumental in the formation and launch of Pliant Therapeutics from Third Rock Ventures where he previously served as a Senior Associate.Dr. Gaster has published numerous articles in top-tier peer-reviewed journals including Nature Medicine and Nature Nanotechnology, holds more than a dozen patents, was awarded first prize in the IEEE Change the World Competition, and was named one of Forbes “30 Under 30” in Science and Healthcare.Dr. Gaster holds a B.S.E in Bioengineering from the University of Pennsylvania where he graduated summa cum laude and was a University Scholar. He received his M.D. and Ph.D. in Bioengineering from Stanford University in the Medical Scientist Training Program.On March 1, 2024, my daughter, Claire experienced a seizure. She was diagnosed with a type of brain cancer called AT/RT (atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor), a highly aggressive grade IV glioma..... tune in for the rest of the story!You can also get involved with the Gold Ribbon Kids Cancer Foundation or the National Pediatric Cancer Foundation through fundraising, volunteering, promoting awareness, or contributing to pediatric cancer research. Visit goldribbon-kids.org or nationalpcf.org for more informationTo contact Tiffany, please email info@goldribbon-kids.orgTo contact Kelly, please email kgoddard@nationalpcf.orgSupport the show

As we move further into the year, 2025 brings further changes to The Psych Review team. This special episode is Shakira's last with the podcast, and we try to mark the occasion with a couple of very interesting and novel articles. Greg walks us through some exciting developments around the potential for GLP-1 receptor antagonists to treat psychosis, and Alanna digs into the complexity of delusions in psychosis and how things may be more complex than they seem. Goodbye Shakira, the team won't be the same without you!The references for this episode are:Greg: Yan Xie, Taeyoung Choi & Ziyad Al-Aly. Mapping the effectiveness and risks of GLP-1 receptor agonists. Nature Medicine (2025). Published online on 20 January 2025Alanna: Pappa, E., Baah, F., Lynch, J., Shiel, L., Blackman, G., Raihani, N., & Bell, V. (2025). Delusional Themes are More Varied Than Previously Assumed: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Schizophrenia bulletin, sbae225. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbae225The Psych Review was brought to you by Call to Mind, a telepsychiatry service that you can learn more about at www.calltomind.com.au. The original music in our podcast was provided by the very talented John Badgery, and our logo was designed by the creative genius of Naz.

durée : 00:04:52 - Avec sciences - par : Alexandre Morales - Une nouvelle étude parue dans Nature Medicine fait le point sur l'évolution des cancers du sein à travers le monde et met en évidence de gros écarts de survie selon les niveaux socio-économique des pays.

This week, Kim and Grandma Gail bring it back to their early days of the podcast via video call. After a few hours of technical difficulties, they caught up on Kim's birthday celebrations, the hottest things coming to Palm Beach, how it's impossible to eat in NYC (let Kim and Gail know how to score a reservation at Chez Fifi), and fake Hermes bags. In honor of International Women's Day, the female founders of Excuse My Grandma give advice and recognition to all the amazing women pursuing their dreams! In the Drama Club, Kim recaps the Oscars. Grandma was in it for the fashion and red carpet, while Kim was there for the awards and the “Defying Gravity” performance (which she watches on repeat). In the Grandma Report, they discuss a recent Nature Medicine study (read the article here) about what really ages you. From loneliness to lifestyle habits, certain factors are in your control. Grandma recommends eating healthy, staying active, and enjoying life! Based on “The Kardashians,” biohacking and a vampire lifestyle might be the answer to longevity. Kim's latest obsession in The Rewind is “The White Lotus” (on Max). She's three episodes into Season 3, and already loving the drama. It's a murder mystery based in Thailand –what's not to like?!The women answer a listener's email, who is still thinking about a kiss she had 50 years ago! Would you tell your twin sister her boyfriend “accidentally” kissed you? Grandma and Kim give their honest thoughts. Do you have family drama you need opinions on? Write to team@excusemygrandma.com or DM us with a voicemail! To finish the episode, they play Should We Bring It Back: 1950s Slang Edition. Who else is calling their new crush a dreamboat instead of a smokeshow? They also answer your questions about snowbirding, fashion, and staying positive about dating in a round of Ask Grandma Anything. Follow us onInstagram @excusemygrandma TikTok @excusemygrandma Watch on YouTubeSpotifyMusic By: Guy Kelly(00:00) Intro(10:35) The Drama Club(15:25) The Grandma Report(18:57) The Rewind(20:08) Grandma Gail's Voicemail (22:53) Should We Bring It Back? (24:34) Ask Grandma Anything

A Northwestern Medicine study published in Nature Medicine, used a new technique called spatial transcriptomics to examine the brain's response to Alzheimer's therapies, revealing new molecular targets that could enhance the effectiveness of current therapies and not just slow the disease, but potentially improve patient outcomes. David Gate, PhD, assistant professor of Neurology in the Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology and director of the Abrams Research Center on Neurogenomics, led this research. 

William Sauer, MD, FHRS, CCDS, Brigham and Women's Hospital is joined by Tobias Reichlin, MD, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland, and Nikolas Nozica, MD, Brigham and Women's Hospital, to discuss the Nature Medicine article Safety of pulsed field ablation in more than 17,000 patients with atrial fibrillation in the MANIFEST-17K study. The following is a brief summary of the study covered in the article. Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is an emerging technology for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF), for which pre-clinical and early-stage clinical data are suggestive of some degree of preferentiality to myocardial tissue ablation without damage to adjacent structures. Here in the MANIFEST-17K study, we assessed the safety of PFA by studying the post-approval use of this treatment modality. Of the 116 centers performing post-approval PFA with a pentaspline catheter, data were received from 106 centers (91.4% participation) regarding 17,642 patients undergoing PFA (mean age 64, 34.7% female, 57.8% paroxysmal AF, and 35.2% persistent AF). No esophageal complications, pulmonary vein stenosis, or persistent phrenic palsy was reported (transient palsy was reported in 0.06% of patients; 11 of 17,642). Major complications, reported for ~1% of patients (173 of 17,642), were pericardial tamponade (0.36%; 63 of 17,642) and vascular events (0.30%; 53 of 17,642). Stroke was rare (0.12%; 22 of 17,642) and death was even rarer (0.03%; 5 of 17,642). Unexpected complications of PFA were coronary arterial spasm in 0.14% of patients (25 of 17,642) and hemolysis-related acute renal failure necessitating hemodialysis in 0.03% of patients (5 of 17,642). Taken together, these data indicate that PFA demonstrates a favorable safety profle by avoiding much of the collateral damage seen with conventional thermal ablation. PFA has the potential to be transformative for the management of patients with AF.  https://www.hrsonline.org/education/TheLead https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03114-3 Host Disclosure(s): W. Sauer: Honoraria/Speaking/Consulting: Biotronik, Biosense Webster, Inc., Abbott, Boston Scientific, Research: Medtronic   Contributor Disclosure(s): N. Nozica: Nothing to disclose. T. Reichlin: Nothing to disclose. This episode has .25 ACE credits associated with it. If you want credit for listening to this episode, please visit the episode page on HRS365 https://www.heartrhythm365.org/URL/TheLeadEpisode93

Una mujer con neuroblastoma que fue tratada con células CAR-T cuando era una niña, permanece en remisión 18 años después. Es el caso de mayor duración tras una terapia de este tipo descrito hasta la fecha. Los resultados se publican en la revista Nature Medicine. Diego Sánchez, investigador ARAID en el Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón, explica este caso, y las perspectivas de Aragón en estas terapias. Además, Ágora conversa con Martín Resano, coordinador del grupo Métodos Rápidos de Análisis con Técnicas Espectroscópicas (MARTE) e investigador del I3A reconocido en Europa por su labor en el ámbito de la espectroquímica del plasma.

Una mujer con neuroblastoma que fue tratada con células CAR-T cuando era una niña, permanece en remisión 18 años después. Es el caso de mayor duración tras una terapia de este tipo descrito hasta la fecha. Los resultados se publican en la revista Nature Medicine. Diego Sánchez, investigador ARAID en el Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón, explica este caso, y las perspectivas de Aragón en estas terapias. Además, Ágora conversa con Martín Resano, coordinador del grupo Métodos Rápidos de Análisis con Técnicas Espectroscópicas (MARTE) e investigador del I3A reconocido en Europa por su labor en el ámbito de la espectroquímica del plasma.

Raidījumu esam veltījuši Valentīna dienas noskaņām dzīvnieku pasaulē. Cilvēks ir radījis sarežģītu sociālo shēmu, kā iepazīstas, dibina kontaktus, draudzības, vēlāk arī partnerattiecības. Dzīvnieku pasaulē katrai sugai ir savi paradumi un stingri rakstīti likumi, kuriem sekot. Taču kā dzīvnieki nonāk viens otra uzmanības lokā, dzīvojot slēgtā vidē, piemēram, zooloģiskajā dārzā? Dabā stiprākais ir iekārojamāks pretēja dzimuma acīs, bet ģimenes dibināšana sākas ar skaistu gada parādi - riestu. Kā tas notiek ierobežotā vidē, piemēram, zooloģiskajā dārzā? Kā speciālisti darbojas par dzīvnieku "savedējiem" un kā rodas pēcnācēji šādos kontrolētos apstākļos? Raidījumā Zināmais nezināmajā atklāj Rīgas Nacionālā Zooloģiskā dārza pārstāvis Māris Lielkalns un ihtiologs, Zinātniskā institūta "BIOR" Jūras nodaļas vadītājs Ivars Putnis. Raidījuma ievadā zinātnes ziņas Afantāzija skar 2 līdz 4 procentus iedzīvotāju Mēs mēdzam lietot tādus teicienus kā “pafantazēsim - kā būtu, ja mēs tagad atrastos vienā vai otrā vietā”, “manās fantāzijās es dažkārt mēdzu darīt vienu vai otru lietu” un tamlīdzīgi. Bet izrādās, ka nelielai daļai pasaules iedzīvotāju ir afantāzija, un tas nozīmē, ka viņi nespēj neko vizuāli iztēloties, un par to tad vietnē “Live Science”. Tātad, ja cilvēkam ar afantāziju liek iedomāties, ka viņš, piemēram, atrodas pludmalē un redz rietošas saules starus, kas jūras virsmu oranžā un zeltainā krāsā, tad viņš visticamāk neko tādu neredzēs. Afantāzija skar 2 līdz 4 procentus iedzīvotāju, tomēr pētījumi par šo parādību vēl ir visai ierobežotā skaitā. Kafija nāk par labu cilvēka zarnu mikrobiomam Ja par afantāziju vēl daudz kas nav zināms, tad gadsimtiem ilgi daudz ir zināms par aromātisko dzērienu kafiju. Tajā pašā laikā ir parādījies daudz un dažādu versiju gan par kafiju, gan citiem produktiem, piemēram, šokolādi vai vīnu un to, kā tie atsaucas uz cilvēka organismu. Uzticēties var speciālistiem - ārstiem, kuri, ja runājam kafiju, ir teikuši, ka divas līdz trīs kafijas tases dienā organismam nekaitē un pat nāk pat labu, piemēram, sirds veselībai, un šoreiz apstājāmies pie raksta vietnē “Scientific American”, kurā vēstīts par kafijas labvēlīgo ietekmi uz zarnu baktēriju darbību - par šo aspektu nudien līdz šim nekas plaši nav bijis zināms. Mikro- un nanoplastmasa spēj uzkrāties cilvēka galvas smadzenēs Vēl īpaši pēdējo gadu laikā ir bijis daudz publikāciju par mikroplastmasu - plastmasas daļiņām, kas mazākas par pieciem milimetriem un var būt pat ar izmēru viens nanometrs, ko mēs ar aci tad redzēt nevaram. Ir bijuši skaidrojumi, ka mikroplastmasa nu jau pilnīgi noteikti nonāk mūsu organismā, ņemot vērā, kādi plastmasas kalni peld gan jūrās un okeānos, gan vienkārši ir kaut kur izsviesti. “CNN” publicēts raksts, kur minētas atsauces uz dažādos laikos veiktiem pētījumiem, tostarp uz pavisam nesen publicētu pētījumu žurnālā “Nature Medicine”. Šajā pētījumā zinātnieki analizējuši smadzeņu, nieru un aknu audus, kas jau agrākos gados iegūti no cilvēkiem, kuriem veikta tiesu ekspertīze. Smadzeņu audos salīdzinājumā ar aknām un nierēm konstatētas lielākas polietilēna proporcijas, un, kas vēl būtiski, lielāka mikro- un nanoplastmasas koncentrācija novērota to mirušo cilvēku smadzeņu paraugos, kuriem ir bijusi fiksēta demence, attiecīgi mikro- un nanoplastmasa ievērojami nogulsnējusies uz smadzeņu asinsvadu sieniņām un imūnajās šūnās.    

Trump rilancia sui palestinesi fuori da Gaza e considera DeepSeek “un campanello d’allarme”. Intanto oggi inauguriamo “Il mondo di Trump”, progetto in collaborazione con Il Sole 24 Ore e Radiocor che scandaglia vari aspetti della politica del nuovo presidente americano, con un primo appuntamento dedicato a multinazionali e fisco. Con noi oggi Alessandro Galimberti de Il Sole 24 Ore. Il maltempo si abbatte su Liguria e Toscana. Nel 2099 il cambiamento climatico potrebbe far aumentare le morti per caldo in Europa: lo indicano le stime di una ricerca pubblicata sulla rivista Nature Medicine e condotta dalla London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. Sentiamo Serena Giacomin, climatologa e meteorologa, direttrice scientifica di Italian Climate Network. Migranti: mentre la nave Cassiopea attracca in Albania, i dati di gennaio mostrano un aumento di sbarchi dalla Libia rispetto all’anno scorso. Ne parliamo con Federica Saini Fasanotti, ricercatrice associata ISPI.

Raymond Tallis is Professor Emeritus of Geriatric Medicine at the University of Manchester. He is a philosopher, poet, novelist, cultural critic, and a retired physician and clinical neuroscientist. He trained in medicine at Oxford University and at St Thomas' in London and has 4 honorary degrees: DLitt (Hull, 1997) and Litt.D. (Manchester, 2001) for contributions to the humanities; and DSc (St George's Hospital Medical School, 2015; University of East Anglia, 2017) for contributions to medicine. He was an editor and major contributor to two key textbooks in the field, The Clinical Neurology of Old Age and Textbook of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology and author of over 200 original scientific articles, including papers in Nature Medicine, Brain, Lancet. He has published fiction, poetry, and over 30 books on the philosophy of mind, metaphysics, philosophical anthropology, and literary and cultural criticism. Lecture Title: "Rescuing the Self from the Philosophers" EPISODE LINKS: - Raymond's Podcast: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6F7gsOs5JBI - Raymond's Website: https://tinyurl.com/2nentc3x - Raymond's Work Site: https://tinyurl.com/32p9fpvc - Raymond's Books: https://tinyurl.com/3s5b9f98 CONNECT: - Website: https://tevinnaidu.com - Podcast: https://creators.spotify.com/pod/show/mindbodysolution - YouTube: https://youtube.com/mindbodysolution - Twitter: https://twitter.com/drtevinnaidu - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/drtevinnaidu - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/drtevinnaidu - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/drtevinnaidu ============================= Disclaimer: The information provided on this channel is for educational purposes only. The content is shared in the spirit of open discourse and does not constitute, nor does it substitute, professional or medical advice. We do not accept any liability for any loss or damage incurred from you acting or not acting as a result of listening/watching any of our contents. You acknowledge that you use the information provided at your own risk. Listeners/viewers are advised to conduct their own research and consult with their own experts in the respective fields.

The FiltrateJoel TopfSwapnil HiremathAC GomezJordy CohenNayan AroraSpecial Guest Brendon NuenEditing bySimon Topf and Nayan AroraShow NotesFINEARTS-HF in NEJM FINEARTS Kidney outcomes in JACCFINE-HEART pooled analysis of cardiovascular, kidney and mortality outcomes in Nature Medicine discussion in NephJC BARACH-D: Low-dose spironolactone and cardiovascular outcomes in moderate stage chronic kidney disease: a randomized controlled trial (Nature Medicine)Live Freely Filtered at KidneyWkSwapnil comes out as a SpiroStan post to NephJC TOPCATTOPCAT primary publication TOPCAT North American results TOPCAT funny business explained AHA/ACC/HFSA Heart Failure Guidelines (PDF)SGLT2i are 2aMRA are a 2bARBs are a 2bARNI are a 2bClinical Phenogroups in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Detailed Phenotypes, Prognosis, and Response to SpironolactoneKansas city cardiomyopathy questionnaire in patients with CKD without a diagnosis of heart failure: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21187260/GFR slope with steroidal MRAs in HF: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ejhf.2635Why Has it Been Challenging to Modify Kidney Disease Progression in Patients With Heart Failure? (JACC)Tubular SecretionsSwap: Disclaimer on Apple TVAC: Duo Lingo Plushy (Amazon)Nayan: The Puzzle BoxJordy: Project Hail MaryBrendon has a podcast, The Kidney Compass with Shikha Wadhwani. And he recommends singer-songwriter, Maggie Rogers (YouTube)Joel: The Singularity Is Nearer: When We Merge with AI by Ray KurzweilClosing music, Tim Yau with The Kidney Connection

A Nobel prize for understanding how genes are turned on and offThe early-morning call from Sweden came on Monday to American molecular biologist Gary Ruvkun for his work in discovering microRNAs, which are essential for regulating genetic activity in plants and animals. Ruvkun says that research based on this work helps us understand basic biology, but has also provided significant insight into disease and might even help us understand whether there is life on other planets. Biologists discover a new microbial world in your bathroomResearchers have found a new biodiversity hotspot. Environmental microbiologist Erica Hartmann and her team sampled showerheads and toothbrushes in ordinary bathrooms, and found a host of bacteria and hundreds of previously unknown viruses. But don't panic: much of this new life are bacteriophages — viruses that infect bacteria — which are harmless to humans and could be potential weapons against the bacteria that can cause human disease. The study was published in the journal Frontiers in Microbiomes.How we might zap an asteroid on a collision course with EarthA new experiment using the world's most powerful radiation source has shown the way to deflecting asteroids with X-rays. The X-rays were used to vaporize some of the surface of a model asteroid, creating a rocket-like effect. Dr Nathan Moore, a physicist at the Sandia National Laboratories in New Mexico, says it's a proof of principle for the concept of deflecting a real asteroid using X-rays generated by a powerful nuclear explosion. The study was published in the journal Nature Physics. Exploring the origins of Australia's iconic, if controversial, wild dogThe Australian Dingo has a fierce reputation as a predator, leading to European settlers attempting to exterminate it in the 19th century. But the dingo's origin story has not been well understood. For years, it was assumed the dingo originated from India, given its similarities to the Indian pariah dog, or from New Guinea. Dr. Loukas Koungolos, a research associate at the University of Sydney, led the study looking at dingo fossils and found out where it likely came from, and how the domestic dogs of ancient people became a wild predator down under. The study was published in the journal Scientific Reports. Can we treat autoimmune disease by manipulating the immune system? Autoimmune diseases like Lupus can be a result of critical immune cells attacking our own bodies. New advances are pointing to ways we might be able to reverse this. Researchers have repurposed a relatively new cancer treatment, called CAR-T therapy that can reprogram immune cells to attack cancer cells, to reset the immune system in patients with lupus to neutralize its autoimmune attack. Dr. Georg Schett and his colleagues, from the Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen in Germany, were the first to use this immunotherapy to successfully treat lupus patients. That research appeared in the journal Nature Medicine with a follow-up in The New England Journal of Medicine.Other researchers are focussing on understanding — and possibly reversing — what triggers the immune cells to go awry in the first place. Dr. Jaehyuk Choi, from Northwestern University, said they found a molecule that lupus patients are deficient in. In cell culture they demonstrated that correcting this deficiency can reprogram certain immune T-cells to stop directing the attack on the body which they hope could potentially reverse the effects of lupus. His research was published in Nature.

An early study found that electrical stimulation could improve hand and arm function in people with spinal cord injuries. Also, for thousands of years, Indigenous communities in Guatemala have used observations and mathematics to track astronomical events.Zapping Nerves Into RegrowthResults of an early trial published this week in the journal Nature Medicine found that people with cervical spinal cord damage showed some improvements both in strength and movement in arm and hand function after they received electrical stimulation near the site of their injury. The improved function persisted even after the stimulation stopped, indicating that the treatment may be inducing nerve cells to regrow in the damaged area.Sophie Bushwick, senior news editor at New Scientist, joins Ira to talk about the work and what it could mean for people with severe spinal cord injuries. They also talk about other stories from the week in science, including creating the most powerful X-ray pulse ever reported, investigations into the microbiome of the scalp, and some epic cosplay—testing out the practicality of some ancient Greek armor in combat scenarios.Celebrating the Maya Calendar In Guatemala's HighlandsEvery 260 days, Indigenous communities in the highlands of Guatemala celebrate a new cycle of the Maya calendar. This ceremony has persisted for thousands of years, from pre-Columbian times to today. The latest of these ceremonies happened in early May.Joining Ira to talk about the importance of astronomical ceremony is Willy Barreno, a Maya calendar keeper based in Quetzaltenango, Guatemala, and Dr. Isabel Hawkins, astronomer and senior scientist at the Exploratorium in San Francisco, California.Transcripts for each segment will be available after the show airs on sciencefriday.com. Subscribe to this podcast. Plus, to stay updated on all things science, sign up for Science Friday's newsletters.

Stanford University's Dr. Nolan Williams is one of the world's leading researchers on psychedelic medicine. He joined Rep. Crenshaw to talk about the revolutionary clinical trial he recently conducted with the psychedelic ibogaine to treat veterans suffering from PTSD, Traumatic Brain Industry, and addiction. The clinical trial showed a phenomenal 83% remission rate for participants after just one treatment. Dr. Williams explains what ibogaine is, the experiences patients have while taking it, what we know about how it affects the brain, and how it differs from classic psychedelics like MDMA and psylocibin. They also discuss the potential for ibogaine treatments to combat America's addiction epidemic. Nolan Williams, MD, is an Associate Professor of neurology and psychiatry at Stanford University and the Director of the Stanford Brain Stimulation Lab. He is one of leading researchers in the study of how psychedelics can impact the human brain and be used to successfully treat various health challenges such as post-traumatic stress disorder, traumatic brain injury, and major depression. Read his study in Nature Medicine: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-023-02705-w and follow him on X at @NolanRyWilliams.