Wofford Arboretum South Campus

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 9 Height: 45 – 55 Spread: 35 – 45 Habit: In youth: pyramidal; At maturity: large, open, wide-spreading outline with massive branches Light: Full sun or very light shade Soil: Deep, rich, moist, well-drained soil preferable but will grow in almost any soil Flowers: not showy; in April Fruit: in 1 diameter ball-like hanging clusters Landscape use: Good for open areas in parks, golf courses, campuses; can be used as a street tree but may grow too large History: First record was in 1663; used as a street tree in London, England; there is no native range since the tree is a hybrid PestsProblems: American plum borer, sycamore lace bug Problems: cankerstain, anthracnose, Xylella fastidiosa, powdery mildew Significant Features: Good shade tree; good anthracnose resistance

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 9 Height: 40 – 50 Spread: 18 – 40 Habit: In youth: openly pyramidal with branches to the ground; At maturity: full, irregular and picturesque Light: Full sun or partial shade Soil: Moist, loose, acidic, well-drained soil preferable Flowers: dull, white, 4-lobed, inconspicuous Fruit: berry-like, dull, red, rounded drupe maturing in October and persisting into the winter Landscape use: Specimen plant; groupings History: Native range is Massachusetts to Florida and west to Missouri and Texas; introduced in 1744 PestsProblems: Many; leaf miner and scale are particularly troublesome Significant Features: Good, dark green form with heavy bright red fruit production; fairly common in the southeast

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 3 – 8 Height: 50 – 80 Spread: 20 – 40 Habit: In youth: symmetrical pyramid of soft, pleasant appearance At maturity: crown composed of several horizontal and ascending branches Light: Full sun Soil: Moist, well-drained, fertile soil preferable Flowers: Cones: male cones inconspicuous Fruit: in 3 – 7 long, broad, stalked, light brown cones Landscape use: Handsome and ornamental specimen, valuable for parks, estates and large properties, makes a nice sheared hedge History: Native range is Newfoundland to Manitoba, south to Georgia, Illinois and Iowa; introduced about 1705 PestsProblems: white pine weevil; Problems: white pine blister rust Significant Features: Great variation in needle color, some keep bluish-green color through winter

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 6 – 9 Height: 15 – 25 Spread: about 1/2 – 2/3 Habit: Evergreen shrub or small, broad pyramidal tree Light: Sun to partial shade Soil: Moist, well-drained, fertile soil preferable Flowers: inconspicuous Fruit: red, rounded, 1/4 – 1/3 diameter Landscape use: Useful for hedges, screens or barriers; good ornamental usage History: Hybrid between I. cornuta and I. aquifolium; released by 1954; named for owner, Nellie R. Stevens, Oxford, MD PestsProblems: None serious Significant Features: Lustrous dark green leaves; heavily fruited; relatively fast growing; one of the best hollies in the southern states

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 8 Height: 30 – 40 Spread: 15 – 25 Habit: Broad-pyramidal Light: Sun to partial shade Soil: Moist, well-drained, fertile soil preferable Flowers: Cones: inconspicuous Fruit: 1/2 long erect cones Landscape use: Useful as a specimen tree or for hedges in formal and semiformal plantings, groupings, or screens History: Hybrid between T. standishii and T. plicata PestsProblems: bagworm; Problems: heart rot and butt rot Significant Features: Lustrous, rich, medium green, summer foliage; not green through the seasons as promoted; fast growth rate

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 2 – 9 Height: 40 – 50 Spread: 8 – 20 ; Size is extremely variable Habit: Symmetrical conical-pyramidal Light: Best in full sun, tolerates shade only when very young Soil: Deep, moist, well-drained loam preferable; tolerant of adverse soil conditions, poor gravelly soils, acidic and basic soils Flowers: Cones: male cones inconspicuous Fruit: globular or ovoid, 1/5 long, berry-like cones Landscape use: Excellent specimen and mass if used with care, useful for windbreaks, hedges and topiary work History: Named ‘Cupressifolia’ in 1964 but that name was taken, renamed ‘Hillspire’; introduced by D. Hill Nursery Co., Dundee, IL PestsProblems: bagworm; Problems: cedar apple rust Significant Features: Maintains bright green foliage in winter

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 8 Height: 50 – 75 Spread: 10 – 20 Habit: Broad pyramidal, branches spreading, branchlets broadly frond-like, tops decurving Light: Full sun Soil: Moist, well-drained soil preferable Flowers: Cones: inconspicuous Fruit: short-stalked cones, 1/3 – 3/8 across Landscape use: Useful as a specimen tree History: Native range is Japan and Formosa; introduced in 1861 PestsProblems: None serious Significant Features: Dark green foliage is handsome; rich golden yellow changing to green within the interior foliage of the plant; yellowish at ends of sprays

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 6 – 10 Height: 60 – 70 with a maximum of 100’ Spread: 1/8 – 1/5 Habit: Noble, evergreen forming a columnar to pyramidal outline; branchlets are planar in arrangement Light: Full sun Soil: Adequate drainage required; adaptable to extremes of soil; Cones: male cones inconspicuous Flowers: Cones: male cones inconspicuous Fruit: 1/2 – 3/4” diameter cone Landscape use: Great for quick screens, groupings, hedges; has been used as a Christmas tree History: Introduced by A. Vegeer, Boskoop; hybrid between Cupressus macrocarpa and Chamaecyparis nootkatensis PestsProblems: bagworm; Problems: canker, fungi, root rot Significant Features: Withstands salt spray; thins out in shady environments; branchlets are yellow with green tips in winter, changing to deeper yellow with dark yellow margins in summer

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 6 Height: 30 – 40 Spread: around 15 Habit: In youth: broadly pyramidal; At maturity: wide spreading and flat topped Light: Best in sun or partial shade Soil: Moist, well-drained soil; Cones: male – finger-shaped cones very densely set, more numerous on lower portion of tree Flowers: female – stout, erect cones initially purple in color and found in upper portion of tre Fruit: in 4 long upright cones, found on upper side of branches, green-while developing, finally brown Landscape use: Excellent specimen evergreen because of graceful and pendulous habit; use as specimen tree or screen on smaller properties or areas History: Native range of Deodar cedar is Himalayan Mountains from east Afghanistan to Garwhal; introduced in 1831 PestsProblems: None serious Significant Features: Slow growth rate compared to the other species; needs full sun for best color development; foliage is golden yellow and is prominent throughout the season

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 6 – 9 Height: 40 – 60 with a maximum of 120 Spread: 30 – 40 with a maximum of 90 – 100 Habit: In youth: overall pyramidal; At maturity: flat-topped with horizontally spreading branches Light: Sun or partial shade Soil: Moist, well-drained, deep, loamy soil preferable, but will tolerate sandy or clay soil; Flowers: Cones: 2 – 3 long male cones; erect female cones in upper part of tree; Fruit: in 2 1/4 – 4 long, glaucous green cones Landscape use: Handsome specimen tree, especially when fully mature; allow ample room for development; History: Native range is Algeria and Morocco on the Atlas Mountains; introduced before 1840; PestsProblems: Pests: black scale and deodar weevil Problems: tip blight and root rot Significant Features: Bluish-green color, extremely picturesque

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 8 Height: 30 – 50 Spread: 40 – 55 Habit: Usually a low-branching tree with a broad, rounded crown of delicate branches Light: Full sun Soil: Well-drained soil preferable; likes high pH; usually found in limestone-rich environments Flowers: white, fragrant, 1 – 1 1/4 long in pendulous panicles in May to early June Fruit: brown pod; 4 – 6 seeded; matures in October; Landscape use: Excellent shade tree for small properties; can be used as a specimen tree or in groupings; History: Native range is North Carolina to Kentucky and Tennessee, also South Carolina and Georgia; nowhere very common; introduced in 1812 PestsProblems: None serious Significant Features: Beautiful flowers and foliage;

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7 Height: 30 – 40 Spread: equal to height Habit: Rounded to broad-rounded Light: Full sun or partial shade Soil: Moist, well-drained soil preferable Flowers: fine red, occur in 10 – 12 panicles Fruit: prickly, globose, 1 1/2 diameter capsule Landscape use: Good park, campus, or golf course tree History: Resulted from a cross between A. hippocastanum and A. pavia; most likely occurred in Germany; PestsProblems: More mildew and blotch resistant than A. hippocastanum Significant Features: Dark green foliage; beautiful red-pink flowers

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 7 Height: 30 – 40 Spread: 20 – 30 Habit: Oval, vase shape with distinctive fan-ribbed branches Light: Full sun, but will tolerate moderate shade Soil: Well-drained soil preferable, tolerant of many conditions Flowers: inconspicuous Fruit: 1/4” long, ribbed nutlet Landscape use: Excellent for screens, hedges, groupings, around large buildings, in malls, and planter boxes History: Introduced before 1783 PestsProblems: None serious Significant Features: Good, upright architectural form; yellowish-green in fall

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 8 Height: 20 – 30 Spread: 1/2 or equal to Habit: Upright oval, oval or oval rounded Light: Full sun Soil: Moist, well-drained soil preferable; performs well in clay soils Flowers: greenish, on 1 stalks Fruit: 1 – 1 1/2 winged fruit Landscape use: Good in groupings, in a tree-shrub border, or single woodland edge tree History: Native range is central China; introduced by Veitch in 1901 PestsProblems: None serious Significant Features: Cinnamon or red-brown exfoliating bark

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 6-9 Height: 60 – 90 Spread: about 1/5 Habit: In youth: loosely pyramidal; At maturity: rounded crown with few low branches Light: Full sun Soil: Acidic soil preferable; Cones: male cones about 1 long, in clusters below new growth Flowers: Fruit: ovoid, narrowly conical, 3 – 5 long, rusty brown; grouped 2 – 5 together Landscape use: Not graceful but good for fast screens History: Native range is southern New Jersey to Florida, eastern Texas and Oklahoma; introduced in 1713 PestsProblems: Pine beetle; fusiform rust, heart and butt rot Significant Features: Fast growth rate

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 6 – 9 Height: 80 – 100 Spread: 50 – 60 Habit: In youth: pyramidal; At maturity: well-formed trunk and open, pyramidal crown Light: Full sun Soil: Found in dry, upland soil; extremely adaptable; Cones: male cones to 3/4 long, in clusters below new growth Flowers: Fruit: ovoid, oblong to conical, in cones, 1 – 2 long, 1 – 1 1/2 wide; usually persistent for several years Landscape use: Handsome specimen tree, important timber species History: Native range is New Jersey to Georgia, Texas, Oklahoma; introduced in 1726 PestsProblems: Nantucket pine-tip moth, southern pine beetle;littleleaf disease Significant Features: Devoid of branches for 70% of length; quilted pattern of red-brown bark is quite beautiful

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 9 Height: 20 – 25 with a maximum of 60 Spread: variable Habit: Multi-stemmed large shrub or small tree with a rounded crown of many small branches Light: Sun to partial shade Soil: Moist, well-drained, fertile soil Flowers: White, 2 – 4 long, borne in pendulous racemes, in March – April Fruit: orange-shaped, berry-like pome, 1/4– 1/3 diameter, ripens in June Landscape use: Pleasant in naturalistic planting, blends in well on the edges of woodlands, near ponds and stream banks History: Native range is Maine to Iowa, south to northern Florida and Louisiana; introduced about 1746 PestsProblems: leaf miner, borers, pear leaf blister mite, scale; rust, witches’ broom caused by fungus, leaf blight, fire blight, powdery mildew, fruit rot Significant Features: White flowers; edible fruit; persistent leaves and brilliant red fall color

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 9 Height: 40 – 50 Spread: 18 – 40 Habit: In youth: densely pyramidal with branches to the ground; At maturity: open, irregular and picturesque Light: Full sun or partial shade Soil: Moist, loose, acidic, well-drained soil preferable Flowers: Dull, white, 4-lobed, inconspicuous Fruit: berry-like, dull, red, rounded drupe maturing in October and persisting into the winter Landscape use: Specimen plant; groupings History: Native range is Massachusetts to Florida, west to Missouri and Texas; introduced in 1744 PestsProblems: Many; leaf miner and scale are particularly troublesome empty Significant Features: Provides good ornamental fruit production, on female trees only

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 3 – 8 Height: 50 – 80 Spread: 30 – 40 but tremendously variable Habit: In youth: pyramidal; At maturity: more rectangular with wide spreading, massive branches Light: Best in full sun or partial shade Soil: Sandy, deep, moderately moist soil preferable, but grows in almost any situation; very pH adaptable Flowers: Anthers in 1” long, green catkins Fruit: Plum-like in shape, tan to orangish in color, flesh is foul-smelling, only on female trees Landscape use: Excellent city tree or specimen tree for large areas History: Native range is eastern China; introduced in 1784 PestsProblems: None Significant Features: Exceptional vitality and handsome foliage; unique winter habit; magnificent yellow fall color; tolerant to air pollution

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 9 Height: 50 – 60 with a maximum of 100 Spread: 25 – 35 Habit: Tapering trunk and a regular, open, oval head of slender, contorted branches Light: Full sun or partial shade Soil: Found in well-drained to dry, fairly rich soils Flowers: Inconspicuous, yellow Fruit: 3/4– 1 1/4 diameter nut Landscape use: Handsome and ornamental specimen tree, valuable for parks, estates and large properties, makes a nice sheared hedge History: Native range is Newfoundland to Manitoba, south to Georgia, Illinois and Iowa; introduced about 1705 PestsProblems: None serious Significant Features: Important timber tree; strong, hard wood is used for tool handles and fuel; beautiful color in autumn

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 6 – 8 Height: 20 – 40 Spread: Equal to height Habit: Broad, pyramidal tree Light: Light shade preferable Soil: Moist, well-drained soil preferable Flowers: Inconspicuous flowers surrounded by 2 large, white bracts of unequal size (the lower is 7 long by 4 wide and the upper is 3 – 4 ) Fruit: Ovoid, 1 1/2 long, drupe Landscape use: Splendid specimen tree History: Native range is China in west Szechuan and parts of west Hupeh provinces; introduced in 1904 PestsProblems: None serious Significant Features: Very handsome flowering tree; not guaranteed to bloom every year

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 8 Height: 50 – 80 Spread: Comparable to height Habit: In youth: pyramidal; At maturity: rounded to broad-rounded outline with massive wide-spreading branches Light: Full sun or partial shade Soil: Loamy, deep, moist, well-drained, slightly acidic soil preferable Flowers: Greenish-yellow petals, 2 – 3 long in 2 sets of 3 Fruit: 2 – 3 long, pinkish-red, aggregate of follicles; looks like a small cucumber Landscape use: Excellent tree for large properties, parks, estates, golf courses, and naturalized areas History: Native range is New York to Georgia, west to Illinois and Arkansas; introduced in 1736 PestsProblems: Essentially problem-free Significant Features: Cucumber-like cluster of fruit; large, fleshy, green leaves

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 9 Height: 20 – 30 Spread: slightly greater than Habit: Rounded to broad rounded Light: Best in sun or partial shade Soil: Rich, acidic and well-drained soil preferable Flowers: pink-budded, white flowers, 4 – 6 in diameter, in March – April Fruit: Landscape use: Good tree magnolia for the South History: Magnolia x loebneri is the result of a cross between M. kobus and M. stellata made shortly before World War I PestsProblems: Flowers have minimal fragrance; excellent foliage; tremendous vigor Significant Features: Essentially problem-free; mildew never observed

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 8 Height: 10 – 15 Spread: 8 – 10 Habit: Upright, vase-shaped form Light: Partial shade Soil: Well-drained, moist soil with high organic matter Flowers: Small, red to purple; May – June Fruit: 1/2 – 3/4 long, red winged fruit Beautiful tree for small gardens and terraces, gives an artistic touch to small landscape areas; many varieties useful as specimen trees or accent plants in borders and Landscape use: Beautiful tree for small gardens and terraces, gives an artistic touch to small landscape areas; many varieties useful as specimen trees or accent plants in borders and rock gardens History: Native range is Japan, China, and Korea; introduced to England in 1820; long cultivated by the Japanese PestsProblems: Very few; botrytis in high humidity Significant Features: Rich green summer foliage that turns brilliant gold to orange to orange-red in the fall

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 9 Height: 25 – 30 Spread: 20 Habit: Pyramidal tree, with rounded top and drooping branches; very lovely outline Light: Best in sun or partial shade Soil: Acidic, peaty, moist, well-drained soil preferable Flowers: 1/4 long, fragrant, white, urn-shaped flowers in 4 – 10 long and wide, drooping panicles; flowers June to early July Fruit: 5-valved, 1/3 long, capsule, brown at maturity Landscape use: An all-season ornamental; excellent specimen plant History: Native range is southwestern Pennsylvania, southern Ohio, and Indiana; south to western Florida and the coasts of Mississippi and Louisiana; introduced in 1747 PestsProblems: None; Problems: leaf spot, twig blight Significant Features: Beautiful, drooping flowers; gorgeous, brilliant red fall color

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 3 – 9 Height: 20 – 30 with a potential to reach 40 – 50 Spread: 20 – 30 Habit: Small, multi-stemmed, bushy shrub or single-stemmed tree with a wide spreading, flat or rounded top Light: Sun or shade Soil: Deep, rich, moist, slightly acidic soil preferable Flowers: Hanging catkin Fruit: Nut borne at the base of a 1 – 1 1/2 long, 3-lobed bract (winged nut) Landscape use: Best in naturalized situations; good street or shade tree, also used for hedges and game cover History: Native range is Nova Scotia to Minnesota, south to Florida and Texas; introduced in 1812 PestsProblems: None; Problems: leaf spot, canker Significant Features: Trunk interesting for sculptured appearance; tolerates heavy shade and periodic flooding; smoothly ridged or knotted bark

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 3 – 8, but has difficulties in 7 – 8 Height: 40 – 70 with a maximum of 100 Spread: 25 – 35 Habit: In youth: pyramidal; At maturity: pendulously pyramidal Light: Best in shade or partial shade Soil: Moist, well-drained, acidic soil preferable; Cones: male nearly spherical, in short stocks in axils of last year’s leaves Flowers: Male nearly spherical, in short stocks in axils of last year's leaves Fruit: slender cones, 1 1/2 – 1” long by 1/2” wide; brown at maturity Landscape use: Graceful as evergreen hedge; excellent for screening, groupings, and foundation plantings, great for natural plantings History: Native range is Nova Scotia to Minnesota, south along the mountains to Alabama and Georgia; introduced around 1736 PestsProblems: Hemlock borer, hemlock scale, spider mites, hemlock rust caused by a mite, bagworm, gypsy moth Significant Features: Ornamental cones and graceful habit

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 8 Height: 20 – 40 Spread: 15 – 30 Habit: Small single-stemmed tree or large multi-stemmed shrub with an oval-rounded head of upright, ascending branches Light: Full sun Soil: Well-drained, loamy, slightly acidic soil preferable Flowers: Before the leaves in March – April with crimson stamens; easily overlooked Fruit: Bright brown, 2-valved capsule Landscape use: One of the best small-specimen trees; excellent small lawn or street tree History: Native range is Iran; cultivated in 1840; one genus named after F.W. Parrot, German naturalist and traveler PestsProblems: Pest resistant; reddish-purple changing to lustrous medium to dark green during summer and developing brilliant yellow to orange to scarlet fall color Significant Features: None

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 8 Height: 20 – 30 Spread: equals Habit: Vigorous and erect, uniform width Light: Best in sun or partial shade Soil: Well-drained, moderately fertile soil preferable Flowers: Inconspicuous flowers surrounded by bracts; bracts, white with a tinge of green, form a small cup early in the season and mature into flattened, pure white flowers in a few days Fruit: none Landscape use: Useful as specimen tree or accent in background; excellent border or hedge for large areas; attractive against large evergreens History: One clone in a series of hybrids developed by Elwin Orton at Rutgers University. The hybrids resulted from crosses between C. kousa, C. florida, and C. nuttallii PestsProblems: Pure white bracts Significant Features: Non serious

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 8 Height: 15 – 25 Spread: 30 – 40 Habit: Forms a mound of gracefully weeping branches Light: Full sun Soil: Rich, moist, well-drained soil preferable Flowers: Not showy, open before the leaves Fruit: Small, 1/2 – 3/4 long pods, 2 – 4 together on a short stalk Landscape use: Excellent for residential properties, parks, golf courses, commercial areas History: Discovered in a seeding population by Mr. Theodore Klein, Crestwood, KY PestsProblems: Yellow to magnificent apricot fall color; heart-shaped leaves Significant Features: None; Problems: non-serious sun scald and bark splitting

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 2 – 9 Height: 60 – 80 Spread: 1/2 – 2/3 Habit: Tall, stately tree with numerous, slender, low-hanging branches and rounded crown Light: Sun to partial shade Soil: Deep, moist, fertile soil preferable Flowers: 1/2 wide, pale yellow Fruit: 1/3 – 1/2 long, nutlike structure Landscape use: Limited because of size; handsome native tree; not for small properties History: Native range is Canada to Virginia and Alabama, west to North Dakota, Kansas and Texas; introduced in 1752 PestsProblems: Many; scales and linden mite can be and often are serious problems Significant Features:

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 9 Height: 25 – 30 with a maximum of 50 – 60 Spread: maximum of 26 Habit: Often multi-stemmed Light: Sun to partial shade Soil: Good dry soil tolerance Flowers: inconspicuous Fruit: 1 1/4 long, winged fruit Landscape use: Tree still being grown by nurserymen; may be used similarly to sugar maple History: Native range is upland woods in the Piedmont from North Carolina to Georgia, panhandle of Florida, Louisiana, eastern Indiana and Texas PestsProblems: None Significant Features: None