Podcasts about xylella

The NFF and transport industry campaign for more funding for regional roads during the election, SA researchers patent a new processing method to produce table olives while also reducing water usage, and the Australian olive industry closing monitoring the spread of the plant disease Xylella internationally.

Farmers who've had illegal hare coursers on their land are warning it's only a matter of time until someone is killed. Hare coursing involves betting on dogs chasing hares, and police say those taking part are often involved in criminal gangs and are using more and more extreme tactics.Xylella is a bacterial infection in plants spread by spittlebugs. It hasn't yet arrived in the UK but has had a serious impact on olive trees in the Mediterranean. Imported plants are being checked at the border to try to prevent the disease getting here, but preparations are also being made in case it does. We visit a secure lab to speak to some of the scientists involved.And a new study has found that after 4 years of applying sewage sludge to farm land, the amount of microplastics in the soil had risen by 1,450%. Researchers from the James Hutton Institute and Robert Gordon University looked at soil samples from an experimental field in North Lanarkshire. Presented by Anna Hill Produced by Heather Simons

ROMA (ITALPRESS) - Si allunga la lista delle piante ospiti di Xylella. L'Efsa, l'Autorità europea per la sicurezza alimentare, ha aggiornato il suo database delle specie vegetali colpite dal fitopatogeno Xylella fastidiosa, che ora annovera 452 specie, da 70 diverse famiglie botaniche. In particolare, l'Autorità europea ha identificato una nuova pianta ospite, la quercia di montagna della Cantabria (Quercus orocantabrica) che è stata infettata in Portogallo, ma per la prima volta sono state anche riscontrate infezioni naturali del ceppo della malattia di Pierce, un ceppo di Xylella fastidiosa che causa malattie nei vigneti del Nord America, nelle uve, nelle mandorle e in altre piante della Puglia. Intanto, il Ministero dell'Agricoltura, della Sovranità Alimentare e delle Foreste ha lanciato un piano da 30 milioni per sostenere il rilancio dell'olivicoltura in Puglia, prevedendo fondi per il reimpianto di ulivi resistenti, aiuti agli agricoltori e incentivi per la riconversione delle colture nelle aree colpite. Nei giorni scorsi, inoltre, si è riunito al Ministero dell'Agricoltura a Roma, il tavolo sulla Xylella che ha dato il via al percorso per il secondo piano pluriennale per la rigenerazione del patrimonio olivicolo pugliese compromesso dalla Xylella, ma con una strategia condiva tra Ministeri dell'Agricoltura, dell'Ambiente, del Turismo, dello Sviluppo Economico, della Salute, oltre che della Ricerca e al commissario per l'acqua. "Stiamo finalmente di fronte a una svolta. Per la prima volta - ha dichiarato il Ministro dell'Agricoltura, della Sovranità Alimentare e delle Foreste, Francesco Lollobrigida - abbiamo riunito tutti gli attori della filiera, che hanno sensibilità sia come operatori sia come soggetti politici, rispetto a un problema che è al tempo stesso un'emergenza, a causa della costante espansione della Xylella, e una questione consolidata, che non va affrontata con logiche emergenziali, ma con interventi strutturali". “Sono sicuro – ha aggiunto Lollobrigida - che, con la collaborazione di tutte le parti coinvolte, riusciremo a realizzare gli interventi necessari per rispondere concretamente a questo problema".mgg/gtr

ROMA (ITALPRESS) - In questa edizione:- Lavoro, rinnovato il contratto del settore tessile- Smart home, il mercato italiano vale 900 milioni- Xylella, un piano per sostenere le imprese agricole- Fisco, 7,5 mln di lettere ai contribuentiabr/mrv

ROMA (ITALPRESS) - Il Ministero dell'Agricoltura, della Sovranità Alimentare e delle Foreste ha lanciato un piano da 30 milioni per il sostegno alle imprese agricole danneggiate dalla diffusione del batterio Xylella. Il provvedimento destina aiuti per il ripristino del potenziale produttivo attraverso il reimpianto di olivi resistenti o la riconversione verso altre colture ammesse. La Regione Puglia sarà l'ente responsabile dell'attuazione della misura, avvalendosi dell'Agenzia per le Erogazioni in Agricoltura. L'iniziativa è destinata alle aziende agricole situate nelle zone infette. Il contributo coprirà il 100% dei costi ammissibili, fino a un massimo di 15.000 euro per ettaro. Potranno accedere al finanziamento proprietari, detentori o possessori di terreni, sia in forma singola che associata. Le imprese interessate potranno presentare domanda secondo i termini e le modalità stabilite dalla Regione Puglia, che definirà anche i criteri di selezione per l'assegnazione delle risorse. Con questo intervento, il Ministero dell'Agricoltura, della Sovranità Alimentare e delle Foreste conferma il proprio impegno per il recupero del potenziale produttivo nelle aree colpite dalla Xylella, sostenendo gli agricoltori nel rilancio delle loro attività e nella tutela del patrimonio olivicolo nazionale.abr/mrv

ROMA (ITALPRESS) - “I prodotti agroalimentari italiani vanno difesi dal falso Made in Italy e la campagna ‘No Fake Food' da anni accompagna la difesa dei consumatori, dei cittadini e degli agricoltori italiani”. E' quanto dichiara Alfonso Pecoraro Scanio, Presidente della Fondazione Univerde ed ex Ministro dell'Agricoltura apprezzando la manifestazione degli agricoltori di Coldiretti Lazio di stamattina a Civitavecchia.“Dobbiamo garantire trasparenza ai consumatori e un giusto reddito per gli agricoltori italiani, in particolare nel settore dell'olio extravergine d'oliva, uno dei più colpiti dalle contraffazioni”, continua Pecoraro Scanio, sottolineando come la tutela di questo prodotto sia cruciale per l'economia italiana e per la qualità alimentare.Ricordando il proprio impegno da giovane Presidente della Commissione Agricoltura della Camera, Pecoraro Scanio evidenzia di aver “promosso una delle prime leggi a tutela dell'olio extravergine d'oliva” e si complimenta con Coldiretti Lazio e il Presidente David Granieri per la manifestazione di oggi a Civitavecchia che ha visto la partecipazione di 2000 agricoltori. L'evento ha messo in luce l'eccessiva importazione di olio d'oliva dall'estero, spesso imbottigliato e venduto come prodotto italiano o europeo, senza adeguati controlli sulla provenienza.“In piena crisi climatica, è fondamentale tutelare il settore dell'olivicoltura italiana, già duramente colpito dalla Xylella e dagli impatti del cambiamento climatico”, ribadisce Pecoraro Scanio. “Il Governo italiano e l'Unione Europea devono intervenire per proteggere i nostri agricoltori e garantire ai consumatori la qualità autentica dell'olio extravergine d'oliva italiano”.Conclude Pecoraro Scanio: “No Fake Food è una campagna che deve continuare a crescere per garantire trasparenza, qualità e reddito equo ai produttori italiani, difendendo il Made in Italy autentico”.mgg/gsl

La Xylella Phastidiosa è un parassita che che fa rinsecchire gli ulivi trasformandone i tronchi in un ammasso di legna avvizzita.  Secondo le stime del settore, circa la metà del raccolto di olive degli ultimi anni è andato perduto per sempre a causa proprio di questa infezione. Fermarne la diffusione è quindi un imperativo del nostro tempo, e l'Unione Europea ci sta già provando in molti modi. Uno di questi è il finanziamento al progetto che vi raccontiamo oggi: il progetto REDOX. La sua ambizione è vedere dal cielo quello che da terra, da pochi centimetri di distanza, non è possibile vedere.  Ne abbiamo parlato con Manuela Matarrese, Responsabile del progetto nel Distretto Tecnologico Aerospaziale di Brindisi.

Olive trees are an iconic feature of the landscape and cultural heritage in southern Italy. But a deadly bacterium, Xylella fastidiosa, has left parts of the Apulia region looking like a wasteland. Is there any hope? Millions of trees are dead, and the bacterium threatens to spread further north, to other plant species too. What's being done to stop its spread? What lessons can we learn? Join us to find out how scientists are fighting back and how green shoots of resistance mean olives trees may return once more!  Your opinion matters! Please take this brief survey to share your thoughts on our podcast.

Nel suo libro il giornalista e autore Daniele Rielli racconta la malattia che ha decimato gli ulivi in Puglia nell'ultimo decennio, una vicenda che ha avuto anche complessi risvolti legali e politici.

In this edition of DIG IT Peter Brown and Chris Day chat with special guest Andrew Mikolajski. Andrew, a well-known horticulturalist, and prolific author of over 40 gardening books, including his latest, ‘Who Ate My Plants'. Andrew discusses the ongoing battle gardeners have with garden pests and diseases.Plant mentions: Grow as many varieties and species – native and non-native from the Northern Hemisphere as you can to increase insect biodiversity of wildlife to help attract predators. Marigolds as a companion planting with Tomatoes and the pairing of alliums with roses. Check vegetable seed packets for disease resilience. Lavender, Penstemon, Fuchsias and Hebes would benefit from a dose of a high potash fertiliser to help toughen them up. Use vine weevil nematode control for Heuchera, Heucherella, alpines and Fuchsias.Product mentions: Slug pellets (use the jam jar method mentioned). Sand, Garlic wash, Box Tree Caterpillar Biological Control, Provanto Fungus Fighter (for Box Blight), Pheromone Traps (codling moth and plum moth), Organic pesticides, fleece over cabbage, good drainage essentials, include sand, potting grit, or Perlite to avoid overwet compost, Potassium (K) High potash fertilisers such as Sulphate of Potash, Tomorite, to help harden growth for the winter. Nematodes for slugs and vine weevil. Ladybird larvae and adults can be introduced.Pest / Disease mentions: Aphids, Slugs, Snails, Muntjak, Deer, Rabbits, Oak Processionary Moth - a notifiable pest, Xylella fasidiosa, Box Blight, Box Tree Caterpillar, Rose Black Spot and Rose Mildew.No Mow May, or maybe simply mow less often to encourage more flowers and diversity.Look for the RHS Plants for Pollinators logo.Make friends with your fellow allotment holders, or join a gardening club / society to learn about local growing conditions if you move into a new area.Judging at RHS show.Andrew's desert island essentials: A ball of garden twine and a pair of scissors and the Rose ‘Nostalgia.' Find out more about Andrew on his websiteAndrew's book, Who Ate My Plants? is published by Michael O'Mara Books Limited.Our thanks to Chiltern Music Therapy for supplying the music. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

L'apertura di giornata, con le notizie e le voci dei protagonisti. Tutto in meno di 30 minuti.Xylella e siccità: allarme in Puglia. La Xylella ha distrutto in dieci anni la più grande foresta di ulivi secolari al mondo, in tutta la provincia di Lecce sono andate perse 3 olive su 4, con il crollo del 75% della produzione di olio di oliva. Una situazione che spaventa tutto il reparto agricolo della zona e che attualmente non trova soluzioni. Con noi David Granieri, presidente di Unaprol, Consorzio olivicolo italiano e vicepresidente nazionale della Coldiretti.

Le prime pagine dei principali quotidiani nazionali commentate in rassegna stampa da Davide Giacalone. La riforma sulla giustizia, NATO e Ucraina, le novità nella scuola, la strage di Erba. Appuntamento con Donna Moderna. È tornata a trovarci Myriam Defilippi. Oggi abbiamo parlato di Olimpiadi e parità di genere. Don Antonio Mazzi, fondatore della comunità Exodus, regala ogni giorno un pensiero, un suggerimento, una frase agli ascoltatori di RTL 102.5. Europei 2024 di calcio. Nuovo appuntamento per gli aggiornamenti quotidiani sulle partite. Oggi con noi Massimo Caputi. Ci ha raggiunti in diretta Gianluigi Nuzzi, giornalista, saggista, e conduttore televisivo di Quarto Grado, su Rete 4, per commentare il caso di Olindo Romano e Rosa Bazzi, condannati all'ergastolo in via definitiva per la Strage di Erba del 2006. Sono settimane complicate per il settore dell'agricoltura, tra la Xylella, un fungo che minaccia i limoni della Costiera Amalfitana e il problema della siccità. Ne abbiamo parlato con Daniele Paci, l'agronomo più famoso del web. Le notizie di attualità , commentate dal direttore editoriale del giornale Libero, Daniele Capezzone, All'interno di Non Stop News, con Enrico Galletti, Massimo Lo Nigro e Giusi Legrenzi.

ROMA (ITALPRESS) - In questo numero di Agrifood Magazine, prodotto dall'Italpress in collaborazione con TeleAmbiente:- Made in Italy, nel 2023 export alimentare a quota 380 miliardi- L'Italia è leader europeo della biodiversità- Nasce il polo scientifico anti-xylella- Agricoltura, Maschio Gaspardo apre a León il primo Full Line Storefsc/gsl

BARI (ITALPRESS) - "Agreed sviluppa una piattaforma IoT che integra modelli, algoritmi, sensori che sono specifici per le patologie. Lo scopo è quello di rilevare precocemente le fitopatologie, non solo quelle di quarantena, perché si parla anche di Xylella fastidiosa, ma anche quelle che colpiscono le colture, ovvero vite, pomodoro, olivo e agrumi che comunque impattano sulla qualità". Lo afferma Anna Maria D'Onghia, Amministratore Scientifico Principale CIHEAM, parlando di Agreed, una piattaforma tecnologica che raccoglie i dati inviati da droni, satelliti, radar e sensori di campo per prevenire le malattie che minacciano le produzioni ortofrutticole.f06/mgg/gsl

L'individuazione di una nuova sottospecie di Xylella fastidiosa, il batterio che ha causato la morte e l'abbattimento di 20 milioni di ulivi in Puglia, suscita qualche preoccupazione per la salute dei mandorli in territori già profondamente segnati dalle infezioni di Xylella. Per capire cosa potrebbe succedere e cosa fare per ridurre i rischi è importante conoscere la storia della grande epidemia negli ulivi di questi anni. Tutti sanno più o meno che cosa comporti la Xylella, pochi sanno come si è arrivati alla perdita di milioni di piante e a un grande danno ambientale ed economico, non solo per la Puglia. Vediamo poi che cosa sono gli orsi grolari e come è possibile che orsi di specie diverse si riproducano, forse anche a causa del riscaldamento globale e dell'impoverimento degli habitat. Chiudiamo poi con una notizia importante su donne, matematica e parità di genere. Questo e gli altri podcast gratuiti del Post sono possibili grazie a chi si abbona al Post e ne sostiene il lavoro. Se vuoi fare la tua parte, abbonati al Post. Leggi anche: È stata trovata una nuova sottospecie di Xylella in provincia di Bari Emergenza Xylella, lo speciale di le Scienze  La Xylella continua a fare danni Le colpe dell'Italia sulla Xylella Non siamo così d'accordo su cosa sia davvero una specie Gli orsi grolari stanno aumentando  Ibridazione recente tra un orso polare e orsi grizzly nell'Artico canadese Il ritorno degli orsi in Italia  Il cambiamento sociale ed ecologico hanno portato all'estinzione storica dell'orso grizzly della California I vincitori del premio Crafoord di quest'anno possono vedere all'interno delle stelle e descrivere forme geometriche Quali sono i fattori che concorrono a determinare le disuguaglianze di genere nell'istruzione? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Back from our recent Puglia trip, joined by David Knaus of Apical Crop Science, we discuss Mirai's nutritional practices as we tackle the pressing issue of Xylella fastidiosa affecting Puglia's olive groves. The trip surpassed expectations in success but underscored the vast challenges ancient trees confront today. This episode marks a pivotal moment in exploring Apical's work and joining the effort to find solutions to the Xylella problem.  Join us in understanding and contributing to this crucial endeavor: https://bonsaimirai.com/blog/mirai-wild-puglian-olives-fundraiser

La grave minaccia globale rappresentata dalle specie aliene è spesso sottovalutata. L'ultima arrivata in Italia - e tra le più dannose - è la formica di fuoco che rischia di espandersi in tutto il vecchio continente a causa del cambiamento climatico se non adeguatamente arginata. Secondo un rapporto della Piattaforma intergovernativa sulla biodiversità e i servizi ecosistemici delle Nazioni unite sono oltre 37.000 le specie esotiche introdotte da molte attività umane nelle regioni e nei biomi di tutto il mondo. Un numero che sta ora aumentando a ritmi senza precedenti. Più di 3.500 di queste sono specie esotiche invasive e dannose che minacciano seriamente la natura e la qualità della vita. Microscopici batteri come la Xylella fastidiosa, che ha decimato gli uliveti pugliesi, ma anche insetti, pesci, crostacei e mammiferi provenienti dall'estero, che una volta insediati sul territorio sono molto difficili da eliminare. L'arma più efficace per contrastare questi devastanti eserciti è la prevenzione e l'Unione europea si è dotata di una rete di biosicurezza che prevede controlli mirati per impedire la diffusione delle specie esotiche invasive. Un regolamento entrato in vigore a gennaio 2015 che prevede una serie di prescrizioni volte a proteggere la biodiversità. Ma proprio l'Italia rischia di essere una falla nel sistema. Lo Stato italiano è stato infatti deferito lo scorso gennaio alla Corte di Giustizia Ue per non aver applicato le norme comunitarie contro le specie alloctone. In questo reportage scopriremo con gli esperti di fauna selvatica e di agricoltura Ue a che punto siamo.

A dieci anni dalla prima identificazione nella zona di Gallipoli, la Xylella ha distrutto in Puglia oltre venti milioni di ulivi, come racconta Daniele Rielli nel libro “Il fuoco invisibile. Storia umana di un disastro naturale” (Rizzoli, 304 p., € 18,00).RECENSIONI“Lo zio Aronne somigliava a Jean Gabin. I Cinquanta, quegli anni” di Piero Lotito(Ares, 280 p., € 20,00)“Oppenheimer. Trionfo e caduta dell’inventore della bomba atomica” di Kai Bird e Martin J. Sherwin, traduzione a cura di Alfonso Vinassa de Regny(Garzanti, 896 p., € 20,00)“Quando il futuro sarà storia. Otto lezioni dopo Hiroshima” di Robert J. Oppenheimer, prefazione di Emanuele Menietti(Utet, 192 p., € 17,00)“Oppenheimer. Ritratto di un enigma” di Jeremy Bernstein, traduzione a cura di Giuseppe Mussardo(Castelvecchi)“Manhattan project” di Stefano Massini(Einaudi, 272 p., € 16,00)“Mirabilis. Cinque intuizioni (più altre in arrivo) che hanno rivoluzionato la nostra idea di universo” di Ersilia Vaudo(Einaudi, 168 p., € 15,00)IL CONFETTINO“Il nostro piccolo Paradiso” di Marianne Kaurin(La Nuova Frontiera Junior, 208 p., € 16,50)

At the age of 15, Michael Buck, was busy destroying plants in his back garden kicking a football around as at that time he was already getting paid to play and was contemplating a future in the professional game. But he transferred his ambition to the world of horticulture and as head of horticulture at Creepers Nursery, is not beyond singing to plants to get them to flower.Creepers, which serves a client base predominantely made up of landscape and garden designers and developers, supplied plants for Hamptons Mediterranean Garden at the 2023 RHS Chelsea Flower Show. These included structural shrubs and trees including a 1800-year-old Punica granatum - and other "serious specimens" sourced from Italy in January. Coaxing the Punica into flower in this year's rather cold, wet spring was a particular challenge:"We don't have 14m-tall glasshouses so we try to create a microclimate within the nursery - we put them inetween buildings to create the warmth and a good feed".He discusses the benefits to nurseries of supplying Chelsea show gardens though he admits "I can say there's no benefits health-wise! The stress and strain of being involved insuch a show is vast." On the upside, it bestows, of course invaluable prestige and publicity.Mediterranean is "a big part" of what Creepers does and naturally the nursery is having to pay close attention to the threat of Xylella fastidiosa, which has ravaged olive and other hosts in countries like Italy and Portugal.As a result, says Michael, "we have an 'open door' policy [with Defra], we have Defra in once- a week; we are very much on board with them coming in whenever them want. They take create care with imported plants and liaising with clients. "Xylella is bigger than the whole industry, as soon as it comes into the UK, there are big problems".Import-related issues include delays in hauliers, phyto-sanitary checks slowing down supplies but he says the key is planning and communication through all parts of the supply chain through to the customer.He talks about shifts in plant fashions and discusses the plants currently in high demand.In common with the rest of the sector, Creepers Nursery is wrestling with the transition to peat-free growing. Michael talks about how they are approaching it as the mooted peat ban deadline of 2026 nears.On the skills shortage, Michael sums it up as "challenging" and he explores some of the reasons for it, the way Creepers are handling it and what might help ease the crisis for horticulture. As for the future, Michael is looking at bridging his elite-level footballing past with his horticultural present with the idea of Creepers becoming "a centre of excellence" in training relative newcomers to horticulture to "make sure our horticultural standards are the highest they can be at all times". Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In questo numero di Agrifood Magazine, prodotto dall'Italpress in collaborazione con TeleAmbiente:- Le eccellenze alimentari italiane al Summer Fancy Food Show- Non si arresta la corsa della Xylella- Boom di assunzioni nella ristorazione- Tornano a crescere i consumi di frutta e verduramgg/abr/gtr/col

In questo nuovo episodio registrato direttamente da Bali, Alessandro e Riccardo parlano del nuovo fondo sovrano italiano per sostenere le filiere del Made in Italy. Nella Big Story, insieme a Daniele Rielli, in occasione dell'uscita del suo nuovo libro "Il fuoco invisibile" parliamo dell'emergenza Xylella in PugliaVota il tuo podcast preferito agli Italian Podcast Award 2023(00:00) Intro(01:15) Il fondo sovrano italiano(05:00) I podcast di Will candidati a ilPod Award(05:52) Big Story con Daniele Rielli

In compagnia delle Donne al Volante – Liliana Russo e Katia De Rossi – martedì 16 maggio, è stato ospite Alberto Agliotti di Frame - divagazioni scientifiche per presentare il Food &Science Festival che si terrà a Mantova da venerdì 19 a domenica 21 maggio. Un evento ricco di incontri, conferenze, laboratori attorno alle scienze e alle tecnologie che riguardano il cibo «dalla produzione, alla trasformazione, alla logistica alla salute e all'allevamento». Uno dei grandi tempi è quello della carne sintetica meglio definita «coltivata, in quanto deriva dalla coltivazione di cellule staminali». Ma si tratterà anche della farina di insetti che «per molti sarà il futuro, nonostante non sostituirà del tutto l'alimentazione». Previsti anche film, mostre ed eventi speciali. Da non perdersi Dario Vergassola il sabato sera, il film sulla Xylella, e gli appuntamenti con Dario Bressanini, saggista e autore di libri di successo.

Oggi parliamo della nuova nuova offerta di trasporto pubblico tedesca, tra le più convenienti al mondo, orientata a ridurre l'uso dell'automobile. Poi andiamo in Puglia, contando i danni dell'epidemia di Xylella che in 10 anni ha decimato gli ulivi, e infine uno sguardo sul prossimo futuro: quali lavori nei prossimi anni saranno capaci di offrire maggiori opportunità?

Oggi parliamo della nuova nuova offerta di trasporto pubblico tedesca, tra le più convenienti al mondo, orientata a ridurre l'uso dell'automobile. Poi andiamo in Puglia, contando i danni dell'epidemia di Xylella che in 10 anni ha decimato gli ulivi, e infine uno sguardo sul prossimo futuro: quali lavori nei prossimi anni saranno capaci di offrire maggiori opportunità?

Francesco Montanari è un attore italiano, è diventato famoso interpretando il "libanese" nella serie tv romanzo criminale. Francesco ha vinto il premio come migliore attore al festival internazionale delle serie tv Cannes per la serie "Il cacciatore". Negli anni ha recitato in moltissimi film e serie tv e ha un'intensa attività teatrale. Ha scritto e interpretato la serie audio "Dedicato ai cattivi" sui grandi classici del teatro , tiene corsi per giovani attori e attrici e ha dato voce all'audio libro di "Lascia stare la gallina". Il mio ultimo libro é "IL FUOCO INVISIBILE" (Rizzoli) e lo trovi qui: https://amzn.to/40VFsLB "Rielli racconta la strage degli ulivi in Puglia, uccisi da un batterio – Xylella – ma soprattutto dagli esseri umani. Svela un sorprendente microcosmo fatto di santoni, negazionisti, ricercatori, agricoltori, attori, cantanti e magistrati e narra l'incredibile storia vera di un'illusione collettiva e di una gigantesca caccia alle streghe. Parlando di ulivi Rielli delinea lo spettro che tutti, segretamente, temiamo più di qualsiasi altra cosa: quello della follia collettiva." Il mio ultimo libro é "IL FUOCO INVISIBILE" (Rizzoli) e lo trovi qui: https://amzn.to/3LCNOmJ  Le prossime date del book Tour#ILFUOCOINVISIBILE: 5 Maggio Lugano @LAC 12 maggio Ferrara @Libraccio 19 Maggio Torino@ Salone del libro h.10.30 sala rosa, padiglione 1, modera Danilo Zagaria 20 maggio Mantova @Food&Science Festival 23 e 24 maggio Reading de “Il fuoco invisibile” in collaborazione con il Teatro stabile di Bolzano@ Centro Trevi Bolzano 6 luglio Il libro possibile Festival Polignano a mare 30 Luglio Locorotondo@Viva Festival, dialogo con Gianumberto Acinelli Settembre @Festival Letteratura Mantova TBC   L'ELENCO AGGIORNATO DELLE DATE è su https://www.danielerielli.it Per proposte di presentazione: quitthedoner@mail.com La mia newsletter gratuita: https://danielerielli.substack.com/ Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/danielerielli/ Twitter - https://twitter.com/danielerielli Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/quitthedoner/ I libri di tutti gli ospiti di PDR e qualche consiglio di lettura sono qui: https://www.amazon.it/shop/danielerielli PDR è su YouTube, Spotify, Apple e Google Podcast, Spreaker, Anchor e i principali canali podcast, ricordarti di iscriverti per non perderti le prossime puntate.  

Il fuoco invisibile è il romanzo della strage degli ulivi in Puglia, un romanzo però dove ogni cosa è reale e tutti i personaggi esistono davvero. Lo puoi trovare qui: https://amzn.to/3MtNS9d o in tutte le librerie. Ne ho parlato a Studio 33-Trastevere assieme ad Amedeo Balbi "Rielli racconta la strage degli ulivi in Puglia, uccisi da un batterio – Xylella – ma soprattutto dagli esseri umani. Svela un sorprendente microcosmo fatto di santoni, negazionisti, ricercatori, agricoltori, attori, cantanti e magistrati e narra l'incredibile storia vera di un'illusione collettiva e di una gigantesca caccia alle streghe. Parlando di ulivi Rielli delinea lo spettro che tutti, segretamente, temiamo più di qualsiasi altra cosa: quello della follia collettiva." Queste le principali date del book Tour #ILFUOCOINVISIBILE 28 Marzo Roma Presentazione “Il Fuoco invisibile” e PDR LIVE, modera Amedeo Balbi @Studio 33 h18.30 (evento solo su prenotazione- SOLD OUT) 30 Marzo Gallipoli @Macarìa modera Andrea Donaera h.16.30 Alessano@Libreria Idrusa h19 31 Marzo Bari@Liberrima h.18 interviene Donato Boscia (CNR) 1 Aprile Lecce @Convitto Palmieri h.18 Interverranno il Sindaco di Lecce Carlo Salvemini, Alessadro Valenti, Francesco Gioffredi. In collaborazione con Libreria Palmieri 11 Aprile Bologna@Sala Borsa h18, modera Guia Soncini In collaborazione con Libreria Coop 12 Aprile Milano @Verso Libri h18.30 modera Paolo Bernardelli 13 Aprile Bolzano, modera Claudio Giunta@Casa della Pesa h 18 In collaborazione con Libreria Ubik Bolzano 17 Aprile-Rovereto, modera Giorgio Vallortigara@Libreria Arcadia h18 5 Maggio Lugano @LAC 12 maggio Ferrara @Libraccio 19 Maggio Torino@ Salone del libro h.10.30 sala rossa, modera Danilo Zagaria 20 maggio Mantova @Food&Science Festival 30 Luglio Locorotondo@Viva Festival, dialogo con Gianumberto Acinelli Settembre @Festival Letteratura Mantova TBC L'ELENCO AGGIORNATO DELLE DATE è su https://www.danielerielli.it Per proposte di presentazione: quitthedoner@mail.com La mia newsletter gratuita: https://danielerielli.substack.com/ Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/danielerielli/ Twitter - https://twitter.com/danielerielli Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/quitthedoner/ I libri di tutti gli ospiti di PDR e qualche consiglio di lettura sono qui: https://www.amazon.it/shop/danielerielli PDR è su YouTube, Spotify, Apple e Google Podcast, Spreaker, Anchor e i principali canali podcast, ricordarti di iscriverti per non perderti le prossime puntate.

In questo focus agricoltura parliamo del piano di salvataggio degli ulivi secolari colpiti dal batterio Xylella e dell'innesto delle prime piante di ulivo in Puglia.

Si conclude la visita del presidente Xi Jinping in Russia. Nessun colloquio in programma con Zelensky, mentre gli Stati Uniti accusano la Cina di non essere imparziale. L'analisi di Vittorio Emanuele Parsi, professore ordinario di Relazioni Internazionali e di Studi Strategici all'Università Cattolica di Milano. Riforma delle pensioni in Francia: alle 13 il presidente francese Macron parla ai francesi rispondendo alle domande dei giornalisti. Ci colleghiamo con Danilo Ceccarelli. Chiudiamo con uno sguardo a tematiche ambientali. Oggi è la Giornata Mondiale dell'Acqua, mentre l'Italia è alle prese con l'emergenza siccità. E a dieci anni dall'accertamento scientifico della diffusione della Xylella in Salento, nelle sale esce il documentario di Davide Barletti e Lorenzo Conte "Il Tempo dei Giganti" con i contributi, tra gli altri, dello scrittore Daniele Rielli, autore di "Il fuoco invisibile storia umana di un disastro naturale", in uscita il 28 marzo per Rizzoli.

A bactéria "Xylella fastidiosa" está a arrasar culturas e viveiros de plantas. Sobretudo no Norte.

O Laboratório de Fitossanidade do Instituto Pedro Nunes realiza análises de detenção de Xylella fastidiosa em plantas portuguesas. Já foram identificados vários focos de infeção em território nacional, sendo que o cenário repete-se um pouco por toda a Europa. Joana Costa, coordenadora dos ensaios laboratoriais, explica o ciclo de vida da doença e as medidas de erradicação aplicadas.

Originario dell'Asia minore, l'ulivo è un albero centrale nell'agricoltura, nel paesaggio e nella cultura del Mediterraneo, simbolo di speranza e di pace L'epidemia di Xylella che ha colpito i giganti della Puglia ha messo in evidenza ancora una volta come incauti comportamenti degli esseri umani possano provocare enormi danni alle colture trasferendo specie vegetali e patogeni. Mentre si discute sull'introduzione della coltura intensiva dell'ulivo anche in Italia, la speranza di contrastare l'epidemia viene dalla genetica vegetale e gli ulivi seccati nel Salento si trasformano in land art. Intervista a Federico Martinelli dell'Università di Firenze.

In questo numero di Agrifood Magazine, prodotto dall'Italpress:- Gli italiani sprecano troppo cibo- Triplicati i birrifici Made in Italy- In Italia 14 milioni di enoturisti- Xylella, 25 milioni per l'impianto di 78 specie in Pugliaabr/mgg/gtr/col

As a vineyard advisor across the United States, Fritz Westover, Viticulturist at Westover Vineyard Advising and host of the Virtual Viticulture Academy, has the opportunity to see a lot of different vineyards, varieties, diseases and climates. Much of his work in recent years is in Texas. This large state about the size of France has a number of challenges including rain that is not seasonal, Pierces Disease, late spring and fall freezes, hail, and poor water quality. Fritz and Craig, both former staffers with Vineyard Team, discuss a variety of practices that impact the long-term sustainability of a vineyard including leaching salts, why irrigation systems are important in wet climates, and the number one way to manage disease. References: 110: How to Develop a New Vineyard Site 121: Regenerative Agriculture (Rebroadcast) 137: The Pierce's Disease and Glassy-winged Sharpshooter Board Instagram @westoverviticulture SIP Certified Sustainable Ag Expo November 14-16, 2022 | Use code PODCAST for $50 off Twitter @WestoverVit Vineyard Underground Podcast Virtual Viticulture Academy Westover Vineyard Advising Get More Subscribe wherever you listen so you never miss an episode on the latest science and research with the Sustainable Winegrowing Podcast. Since 1994, Vineyard Team has been your resource for workshops and field demonstrations, research, and events dedicated to the stewardship of our natural resources. Learn more at www.vineyardteam.org.   Transcript Craig Macmillan  0:00  Our guest today is Fritz Westover viticulturist with Westover Vineyard Advising and the virtual viticulture Academy. Is that right?   Fritz Westover  0:10  That's correct, Craig.   Craig Macmillan  0:11  He's got some other things in the in the works that we'll maybe talk about a little bit later. Fritz and I have known eachother for a long time. And actually, we had the same job   Fritz Westover  0:19  That we did that we did that we did.   Craig Macmillan  0:21  He is based in Texas, lives in Houston. But he works in all parts of the country. You're you're all over the place. What different states do you work in in these days?   Fritz Westover  0:30  Yeah, Craig, thanks, again, for having me on the Sustainable Winegrowing Podcast, love to be here. Actually, it's my second time. So this is really an honor to get to get invited back. I didn't screw it up too bad the first time. So I appreciate that. You know, to answer your question, I work primarily in Texas, that's where I'm currently office in Houston. Got a great airport. So I do go to other parts of the country. The second largest area working would be Georgia, primarily in the north mountains of the state of Georgia, I also do some consulting a little bit in some of the states in between Louisiana, Alabama, and some virtual advising that I've started doing, where I'm actually, you know, on site to see the site to understand it, but I'm not there on a frequent visitation basis, like I am, in, let's say, Texas, or Georgia. So those are the primary areas I'm working. And they have a lot of things that overlap. And they have a lot of differences. So the cool part is I get to see a lot of different scenarios, varieties, climate and challenges.   Craig Macmillan  1:26  So let's, let's start with Texas, obviously, we're very interested in sustainability, and sustainable approaches to problems, roadblocks, obstacles, issues, and every region that I'm familiar with anywhere, they have different sustainability issues and hurdles, you know, you say like, oh, here, we're doing this in a sustainable way to do it. And these other people, people are like ah that't not going to work for us. So they're trying to find a different way. So in the case of Texas, which I understand is now not just the hill country, it's quite a broad spectrum of climates and soils and whatnot. What are some of the challenges that Texas growers and these different regions are facing?   Fritz Westover  2:03  Yeah, great question. And, you know, if you look at Texas, it's a state roughly the size of France. So there's a lot of different growing regions in Texas, anywhere from the Gulf Coast region to which is you know, the eastern part of North Texas. Closer to Oklahoma, there's grapes grown that far north and Texas to hill country, which is outside of Austin, Fredericksburg, San Antonio, that's probably where the majority of wineries are, and also a large concentration of vineyards. And then the majority by far of grapes grown in Texas are grown on the High Plains region, which is West Texas, or northwest on the High Plains. That's about 3000 to 4000 feet above sea level. So we have a lot large range and climate and topography and rainfall. I mean, we can get 40 inches in East Texas a year and 10 inches in West Texas a year. And we haven't had that much unless Texas this year, there's been a drought that's affected growers,   Craig Macmillan  2:58  How much of that rain is during the growing season?   Fritz Westover  3:00  Okay, so in Texas, the rain can come at any time. It's not necessarily seasonal. So we don't have the luxury of saying, hey, you know, harvest is done, we should be getting some rain. Now let's plant a cover crop, and let the soil profile fill for the winter. In fact, sometimes we have to irrigate in the wintertime to keep our profile moist. In other times, it's raining, right at harvest or right before harvest or right at bloom when you don't want rain necessarily in a vineyard setting. But in terms of sustainability, if you start on the east part of Texas, and that's our example we're using now we have severe Pierce's Disease there. So there are only certain hybrids of wine grape that are resistant or tolerant Pierce's disease that you can grow there. So if you're growing those varieties, it's almost like here's this disease is not an issue, right. So you've kind of found a way around that. But then you get into the hill country more in Central Texas and we're growing vinifera there anything from Bordeaux varieties to Spanish or Portuguese varieties, Italian varieties are growing there as well. And so Pierce's Disease is a big issue with those varieties. And so is the erratic weather patterns, like seasonal rain, hail, things like that. I think the best example, though, would be to just jump right up to the high plains, because I can look back at my consulting in the last four years. And one year, we had a terrible, devastating late spring freeze. And that happens frequently, maybe two or three out of every five years, we have sites getting hit by late spring freeze, and it takes out a majority of the crop. So now you see these orchard right or other types of fans going up. And those are there for when we have, you know, a radiational freeze, we can we can hopefully skirt through that. So you put these expensive fans up, you solve the problem. And then the next year, you think you've got that you get through the freeze, there's no freeze at all late spring, right? And then all of a sudden, you're just at the point where you finish shoot thinning all of your vines and everything's perfect and set for the year. And then it hails and then you get a hailstorm takes up all of all of your crop for the year and set you back another year. So then what are we doing? We're putting up helmets and a lot of vineyards in West Texas now. So you put up the hill net And that solves with a physical barrier, the hill issue. So now you got the fans for the late spring freeze. You've got the netting for the hail, which also can protect from birds and other things. We're using that year round. So the next year comes up, we don't get away spring freeze, we don't get a hail. What we had instead was this freeze in the fall and early fall freeze, where it got down in October, late October, just after harvest got down into the 20s, which doesn't seem like it should do a lot of damage. But I mean, it will if vines are not cold hardy and ready for it. It's devastating. I wrote a little bit about that and wine business monthly for an article a few months ago and summarized it. But the summary here is that it wholesale killed vines, took vines down to the graft knocked out cordons, and there's a lot of retraining that needs to be done. So now the question is, okay, what's the variety of grape we can plant that's late bud burst right to get past the spring freeze late spring freeze that harvest early. So we had time to harden off for the winter and not get hit by that early fall freeze. And, you know, is bulletproof and doesn't get hit by hail? Right. That'd be nice. But that's,   Craig Macmillan  6:03  I was gonna say it's hail resistant. I can't wait to see the plant breeding on that one.   Fritz Westover  6:07  Yeah,right. Oh, by the way, consumers have to love the wine made from it, and it has to be a good yielder. Okay, is that too much to ask Craig?   Craig Macmillan  6:14  No,? the plant breeding community can take care of that I'm I'm concerned.   Fritz Westover  6:19  I hope you're right. We could use it. I'd like to get invited to their to their planning meeting, I can give them some input. Those are some examples. But you know, Pierce's Disease, water is a big thing. Just like in California, we you know, we have limited water supplies in certain areas of the state, I'm sure you'll you'll want to touch on that. And, you know, its water quality, too, is an issue in some areas. But the really the erratic changes in climate that we see from year to year, it's, there's, you know, there's always a surprise, if you don't like the weather, just wait an hour, and it'll change.   Craig Macmillan  6:51  I'm glad you brought that up. Because I am a big believer in if you plant the right plant in the right place. That's how you address a lot of sustainability issues. So for instance, California, what we've done is we planted lots and lots of Chardonnay in areas that are like perfect, prone for powdery mildew, you know, it's 75 or 80, every single day year round. There's coastal fog is just designed to have disease and you look at it and you're like, Oh man, what maybe we shouldn't be doing that we could cut our chemical load down and we weren't planting this plant in this environment. But the problem is it makes great wine wine quality, that's where you want to be, you know, and so there's some tension there. I am very interested in this variety selection piece. So for instance, I understand that I don't know in detail in Texas, I don't really do grow vinifera you mentioned but they also grow alleles hybrid. So things like Marechal Foch I think it's pronounced, Frontenac or sac showing my my lack of knowledge. Are those working out viticulturally and then are they also working out from a wine quality standpoint of wineries buying these making products that people are buying because that would be like this, your solution is finding varieties that are going to tolerate. Can you turn that around then into a product. How's that going?   Fritz Westover  8:07  to be exact in Texas, there's there are not a lot of hybrid vineyards, it's mostly vinifera. However, if you go to the Gulf Coast region, that is where we do, we do grow primarily Pierce's Disease tolerant hybrid. So that would be blanc Du Bois or Lenoir. And then there's some of the Andy Walker, Dr. Andy Walker, UC Davis, PD tolerant that 98% 97% vinifera varieties that are just now being planted. I mean, we're just at the pioneering stages for those in both Texas and in Georgia, where we have high PD or Pierce's disease pressure, the blanc Du Bois, the Lenoir, the things that have been growing for 25 years now or more have established a market and it took that time to do it. Right. So really, the question is, as these new varieties and the new breeding programs come out with grapes that have tolerance to Pierce's disease, or tolerance to cold, or tolerance to whatever it might be rootstocks that tolerate nematodes and salt, you know, that's, that's a rootstock issue. But when it comes to the variety of the thing that we're putting in the glass that we make the wine from these newer ones, are not quite as proven. So we're gonna have to have this learning curve of where they're best suited, because here's the thing. You take this variety of grape, that's mostly vinifera, and it happens to be have the single gene resistance for Pierce's disease. So you say okay, great, that's gonna work for now, let's put it in the vineyard in the gulf coast of Texas or West Georgia, or South Carolina or whatever, Alabama, you name it, wherever there's Pierce's disease in the southeast, and that's all good, and well, it probably won't die from Pierce's disease, but it's still going to get powdery mildew, which other hybrids are very resistant to, it's still going to get downy mildew, which we have various levels of resistance to it's still going to get black rot, it's going to get phmompsis and then it's all that all the trunk diseases. So I mean, you you think about hard places to grow grapes. It's like when I moved to California back in 2013 to work with the Vineyard Team I thought, man, how am I gonna help these grammars in California, you know, they've been doing this for so long, but they have problems just like anywhere else. In fact, I would argue I almost cringe at the say it, they have less problems. You know, the first as far as diversity of pathogens, at least, let's just say it's safe to say that than we do here east of the Rockies just because of those diseases that I've mentioned. Here, you solve one problem, and then you have five other problems that pop up that you didn't anticipate, and you then need to solve. So there's there's going to be, oh, five to 10 years before we know which of the UC Davis Any Walker selections are going to thrive in all these new environments that growers have not been growing grapes for very long and because of Pierce's disease, and now all of a sudden, you say, sure, you can grow grapes now, but there's a but but no one's done it yet. No one's done it yet. And you're gonna be a pioneer.   Craig Macmillan  10:50  You're a visionary, or you're a crazy person, you know, depends on which way it goes.   Fritz Westover  10:54  Those crazy people, they help the next person learn what didn't work and what not to do.   Craig Macmillan  10:59  Just what we're talking about Pierce's Disease, Pierce's Disease has turned out everywhere to be a very difficult thing to manage in a sustainable fashion. First of all, why don't you tell us what Pierce's Disease is?   Fritz Westover  11:10  I'm so glad you asked Craig, I was gonna say we should probably talk about what Pierce's Disease is.   Craig Macmillan  11:14  I think our listeners are probably pretty sophisticated.   Fritz Westover  11:17  I think so too. I think so too. But here's for that new vineyard manager fresh out of a place that doesn't have Pierce's Disease. It is a bacterial pathogen, and it's Xylella fastidiosa is the name of the pathogen, and it's transmitted vectored I should say, and transmitted into the vineyard from native grape vines. But the vector itself is the most famous is the Glassy Winged Sharpshooter. These were introduced to California many years ago and became the target of a large campaign to eradicate Glassy Winged Sharpshooter. But there's other xylem feeding insects that can also transmit this disease. So basically, an insect feeds on a wild grape that has tolerance to this bacteria and the bacteria are then moved into the vineyard. When the insect then flies into the vineyard and Glassy Winged Sharpshooters can fly a mile or more, they fly into the vineyard and they feed on the the xylem of that the nifer a vine that's susceptible and they transmit this bacteria into the xylem. It's a xylem limited bacteria that kind of clogs the veins like gives the vine a little bit of a plumbing issue. And there's toxins produced by it that cause symptoms like leaf scorch. leaf blades fall off leaving matchstick petals or petals attached to the vine, there's uneven maturation of the paradigm. And then there could be fruit shrivel. So I usually look for two or three of those symptoms before we rogue vines and pull them out of the vineyard, there's no cure for the disease, you have to pull the vines out so it doesn't spread, either replant or deal with the missing teeth, so to speak out in the vineyard. So it's a very big problem in the southeastern United States, you need cold weather to kill both the bacteria populations. Also, I guess, really just the insect vectors, they're also affected by these cold temperatures. So we found that, you know, you get south of pretty much North Carolina, Georgia, these areas are kind of in that transition where a good cold winter or two in a row will knock it back. But a warm winter to it starts coming back out in the vineyards. And so we see it even in the north Georgia mountains almost as far as Tennessee, it's it's really something that's that's moved around and found its niche. It's kind of working in the background, they're waiting for the right conditions.   Craig Macmillan  13:26  So what kinds of things are growers doing in these high pressure areas? And there's super high pressure areas in California as well, because of riparian areas where the insects hanging out, what are people doing? What are people trying, I can think of a couple of things that you could try. But I'd like to know what people are actually doing.   Fritz Westover  13:39  The most obvious we already talked about as growing tolerant varieties that Pierce's disease might infect, but it doesn't move around in his island and cause vine death, like it would to vinifera. So growers are used if they're growing vinifiera, or susceptible grape varieties, there's the possibility to use insecticides to control the vector. So you're a medical imidicloprid based products that are designed for either a spray, or most notably through injection through irrigation. And that's going to give a little bit more longer residual activity to deter the feeding. So the really, the plan is to know when those vectors are coming in. And there could be about 30 to 40 vectors in the southeastern United States. It's not like California that's got one or two major vectors, we've got, you know, 30 at any given time, so the pressure is really high in comparison. And so those insecticides would need to be time for peaking when the populations come in. And then you got to make sure you're careful about pre harvest intervals and things like that. So there's knockback sprays. There's the soil application that's done. These are not restricted use products, but they're certainly conventional products. They're not organic. Some of my growers who are trying to spray less conventional will use products like surround which is a kaolin clay and there's been some reported efficacy on on his island feeding insects. It disturbs them and they don't like to crawl around in the clay also I have some revers using that in hot hot climates also just to keep some shade or sunscreen on the grapes in the fruit late in the season too. But you know, correct when it rains during the growing season, you could put kaolin clay up one day, and it rains off after an inch of rain three days later. So we have those challenges too. And then of course, you know, there's there's trap crops you could consider. But I haven't seen anyone really successful using that just elimination of host grape vines near the vineyard, just trying to make the habitat less thriving for both the vectors and for the bacteria that live inside the wild grape vines. So we put a lot of focus on looking at the surrounding environment in addition to what we're doing in the vineyards.   And so people can actually go into those areas and rogue out host plants are ones that are popular host plants.   If you own the property and there's some muscadine grapes wild muscadine or rotundifolia growing in the woods, and it's right next to the vineyard on a fence line growing along the fence line. That's probably not a good idea. So yeah, you would want to go in and rogue those vines that are around the perimeter at the very least.   Craig Macmillan  16:02  What about setback well Glassy Winged Sharpshooter, this clearly isn't going to work? And I don't know if that's the primary, you said you had like 3040 factors. But when ideally it was been kicked around was not planting close to habitat. So leaving large barriers, now you're losing land as a result of that. Sure, or people tried that. And we didn't get exposed to that?   Fritz Westover  16:21  Yeah, sure. When you're when you're choosing a site for a vineyard, Craig, you're always looking to distance yourself from any problems, whether it be a floodplain, or possible vectors of disease, or host plants. So sure, but the idea is that eventually, an insect that can fly a mile is going to find the vineyard, you just need to know the symptoms, know what to look for, and be proactive at removing it. And testing for it. If you need to test I've gotten to the point where I can look at it visually, and I don't need to do testing anymore, which might McGregor's love, because it saves the money. But occasionally, we test to just validate that because every new girl I work with, we always do a test to show Yes, this is absolutely positive, we see the symptoms, and we've tested it. And now we're comfortable with calling that by because there are other things that can look like Pierce's Disease. And you know, we always talk about these as educators, you don't just talk about the problem you talk about, what are the things that it could possibly be, you know, when someone sees a leaf scorch, you know, well, it could be drought, it could be wind, it could be heat stress, you know, you could lose the leaf and have a matchstick pedal. If you have deer going to your vineyard eating leaves, they leave matchstick petiole symptoms, right. But that's only one of the four key symptoms. So yeah, we're going to be looking for the symptoms, and we're going to be roguing. And we're also going to be distancing, and we're also going to be trying to rogue the problem from the surrounding environment.   Craig Macmillan  17:38  So you got a lot of options, rather than just trying to spray yourself out of it. Yes, we've got a lot of tools, and they're not all chemical. There's cultural practices. Vigilance is always again, probably one of the key pieces to any pest management issue in any sustainability issue. I want to shift gears and talk about water. You know, my career has been strictly in California, where it doesn't rain. It does, like it doesn't rain   Fritz Westover  18:03  It Just doesn't rain as much as you want it to exactly when you want it to right.   Craig Macmillan  18:08  It's actually raining outside right now, we're almost done with harvest, but not quite. I heard early. And usually we get rain. This is like a record rain right now. Not a lot, but enough, but a lot of these other places in the United States, they get some rain, I was talking to somebody the other day about using undermined vegetation as a way of managing the increases in the water from the rains and trying to, you know, kind of have a plant help you out. And to get this dried out a little bit. You mentioned that like in Texas, for instance, if I understood correctly, you know, rain can come in any time. How do you manage that when in terms of like disease pressure or find bigger things like that? What What can you do? Is there anything that you can do that any management strategies for that kind of thing?   Fritz Westover  18:47  Sure that you know, Craig, there's lots of management strategies and they all start at dormant pruning, just like you know, you know, any good vineyard management starts with pruning, to get the right spacing of your shoots and positioning. And then it goes into your thinning and other practices that we all know and love and viticulture, and if you keep on top of that, and can create a microclimate and when we say microclimate, we mean the real scientific microclimate that area right around the grape cluster, right? Not the site, not the misoclimate, like commonly is called the microclimate. But, but that area, right?   Craig Macmillan  19:21  I've given up on that. By the way. It's same thing I was trained and it's like it's not microclimate. It's a misclimate. It's a music climate. And now I'm just like, whatever.   Fritz Westover  19:28  Yeah, after a while you get kind of worn down. It's like trying to describe the difference between grape varietals and grape variety. Because, you know, yes. Oh, yeah, that drives you crazy as a plant person. So it's been I feel like I'm taking crazy pills. It's a variety of grape varietals. That's the wine. So we digress. We digress. We digress. I have to remind me the question now, Craig, you'll have to remind me.   Craig Macmillan  19:50  You get rain at different times of the year. Yeah, some of it during the growing season. This creates its own kind of management problems. What kinds of things can you do and I know it's going to depend on the storm and what's out there and when it happens, but I have no experience with this. I'm very interested in you just pray. I mean...   Fritz Westover  20:08  Well, let me give you an example. Yeah, the northern Georgia grape growers this year had over 50 inches of rain from bud burst. And they're in their inversion, the pasteurization, they're at 18 to 20 bricks, maybe two weeks away from harvest, they've had over 50 inches of rain during the season at random times, sometimes raining for five to seven days in a row, sometimes raining for 10 days in a row. And I was just there visiting all the vineyards looking at dissecting and reverse engineering all of their spray programs there canopy management, there are some venues I walked into that were completely clean. I mean, no fungal disease, no downy mildew, no powdery mildew, maybe a little bird pecking here and there. And then there were some that were absolutely devastated. And so you know, why? Why was that the case? Well, I talked about, you know, good canopy management pruning, it starts at the beginning of the season, you know, when you're working in an environment that absolutely has a high fungal disease pressure, which is the number one thing all other overlying factors aside that we talked about, like Pierce's Disease, or freeze or climate, if you have the right variety match to the right side, but you've just got to control these fungal diseases that grow in the leaves and fruit. It's all about the timing on the applications. And this is true, whether you're a conventional or an organic grower, or whatever you may practice, yeah, it doesn't matter. I mean, you have probably less modes of action as an organic grower because your products are not moving systemically into the plant or into the vine itself. So your reliance on maybe even more spraying, because context sprays like a lot of organic products, or they can get washed off. So what we really hone in on is the critical period for your disease, which is two weeks before Bloom to about six weeks after fruit set. And what we find is if you can control disease on the fruit and the majority of the foliage, and when I say the majority, I mean those bottom leaves all the way up to the top of your VSP wires, if you're doing vertical, shoot those first 10 leaves on the shoot, if you can get those through to verasion, and you can get the fruit through verasion and keep it clean, it'll typically stay clean, and the leaves will have this oncogenic or resistance to disease at that point, they get more leathery, right, they get more harder to infect by a lot of these fungal diseases. So if you can get to that point, you can kind of pull back a little bit and get to the end of the season. Well, timed sprays just before bloom, right after fruit set, keeping in mind matching the product to the disease, right? If we're trying to control detritus, we want to hit that before bloom, and right after fruit set, and then probably again, right before a bunch closure. And if we have challenging conditions from verasion to harvest, we might need another spray from verasion to harvest. And again, conventional or organic, whatever that product is, the timing is still the same. I think what the growers who are most successful have been able to do is really not drop the ball during that critical period, that eight week period, they learn the modes of action of all of their products. Is this systemic? Is it contact, how much rain will wash this off before I have to go out and apply it again, the number one question I get from new growers is, why would I spray right before the rain isn't the rain is going to wash the product off. And the whole point of having that product on before the rain, we always explain it so that it protects the plant tissue or the grapes throughout that wet period. So that an infection doesn't get established. Because once you have an infection in the vineyard established, it is so much harder to go in and eradicate you've got to use different strategies for that. And it cost more. And that disease can linger all the way through harvest, causing loss and leaf area that's going to cause delays and ripening possible quality issues and fruit, you name it. So that's really where I think the successful grower, the one who you know does all the things you're supposed to do in a sustainability program, for example, to keep good records, track the weather data, record how much rain you get, and when and then just be proactive about about the spray program not reacting always. And coming in after after you see an issue or after it's been raining already.   Craig Macmillan  24:04  Now, if I am in an area where I'm getting rain during the growing season, do I still need to irrigate?   Fritz Westover  24:11  Okay, so good question. And, you know, I always recommend vineyards in areas that don't reliably get their 20 to 30 inches of rain in a calendar year, which is, you know, common in the East Coast, for example, that they put in irrigation and I get some kickback from some growers thinking gosh, it rains here, I just want to turn off the irrigation and take the water and we were planting cover crops to remove water from the system. But the irrigation system is not just there for when you're establishing the vines. That's the number one thing if you have a drought year, the year you plant, you could be in trouble. It's a lot of work to water those vines. Number two, you're going to be able to put fertilizer out through drip irrigation system. So whether it be organic or conventional, again, doesn't matter. There's lots of products that are designed to go out and your drip irrigation and that's one of the most efficient ways to deliver a small amount of a product or fertilizer to a vine in a very precise and measured way, which will save costs in the long run and create less runoff and pollution, if you're targeting the grapes, so, so in terms of sustainability, that's really a big tool in my book, and I wish more growers would consider putting in irrigation early in the process. And especially if you're in a Pierce's Disease, high risk area, and you're growing vinifera, then that is one of the major ways to deliver some of our best control measures for Pierce's Disease.   Craig Macmillan  25:30  I'm going to put an irrigation obviously, I'm going to be drawing on some groundwater, groundwater quality varies infinitely from place to place. What are some of the experiences that you've had that caused viticultural issues down the line with different kinds of water quality problem? And were there things to do to improve those because again, well, I had a vineyard once where we were, we had a magnesium problem, we were watering off of a municipal watering system, which was great drinking water. Wonderful. Well, one day I get the report, and the magnesium level in the water was through the roof, not a threat to people, but I was just making a brick, right to the watering more and watering more and watering more, and it was just getting worse. What kinds of things have you seen? And what could you kind of do about it?   Fritz Westover  26:13  Yeah, it's a really good question. As you know, I'm familiar with the a lot of the problems on the central coast there where were you and I both worked, you know, in terms of getting into some Paleolithic waters, that earthquakes now have changed your your water quality and your site that was very good before that occurrence happened. So you have boron, you have high salts, sodium and other salts as well in Texas. And I'll come here because this is the area I live in work in the most, we see issues that are pretty similar. We see boron being high. In some areas, certain aquifers and water sources are high and boron, we see high SAR sodium absorption ratio, that you know, if your SAR levels above six or seven, and you're relying on irrigation water, you're gonna see issues in the leaves, saltburn and decline of the vines, and we can hit 20 or 30 on a SAR in some areas of North Texas. And I've seen in drought years, this was a drought year for Texas. This is a real I mean, it rained in October, November of 2021. And then didn't rain in parts of Texas until about a month ago. And so right now, as we're recording this, we're in September. So until really about variation, no rain. So if you didn't have good quality water, and you're relying 100% on your irrigation and didn't have any rain in the wintertime to flush out salts or leach boron or other things that are a problem that build up in the soil, especially from frequent shallow irrigations. It was a problem. So boron symptoms were showing on leaf margins. So some growers were trying to capture rainwater to alleviate their irrigation issues. But if it didn't rain, that approach did not work. So they're trying to do longer irrigation set so that they don't build up salts in the shallow part of the soil. So that's one strategy, using the wheats leaching fraction, for example, that to push water below, or occasionally do very long sets. And I know, you know, sounds counterintuitive. We have bad water, less water more with it. And with water more, right, yeah, but the thing is, you need to push the salts down below the root zone, if you can, and watering on long sets can do that. So that was the strategy through you know, there's really no solution that I'm aware of for high boron levels, I wish there was one that was reliable, and that that someone could present to me for the salts, we use the irrigation strategy that I just mentioned, to try to push it down below the root zone as much as possible. But there's really beyond that not a whole lot you can there's course there's some soil amendments, I shouldn't say there's nothing some growers tried to displace sodium with gypsum or calcium additions, or by adding organic matter to the soil to try and bind it up or you know, and still have other cations available on the cat on exchange. Some growers are injecting acid using acid injection to try to help with nutrient uptake that sodium sometimes is blocking. There's other things that go well beyond even my understanding of all the chemistry behind it. But I think it's fair to say that the growers who have the worst problems and have that proactive kind of frame of mind have been have been doing some of these things to try and combat it. But really what they're doing Craig is they're saying why isn't it raining? Like it usually does. That solves the problem for me. And it just hasn't happened in the past year here. And it's not to say we won't get back on the normal pattern. We'll just have to see.   Craig Macmillan  29:18  We're running out of time. Unfortunately, we could go on forever. Lok forward to seeing you here in the future. We have the Sustainable Ag Expo. It's put on by Vin, your team coming up in November and you are going to be here for that I believe you're presenting Yes. Yeah. hoping we can connect. I don't see why we can't in just a couple of sentences again, thinking like you're on stage. What one piece of advice would you give to a grape grower in the realm of how to improve the sustainability or how to farm a sustainability as sustainable as possible? And what's your one piece of advice?   Fritz Westover  29:51  But wait, we're not on the stage here. This is a podcast Craig This is one of the largest stages you can get without actually being looking someone in the eye right? This isn't acing who invented this stuff. It's true. So so when I am at Sustainable Ag Expo, my talk is going to be about the long term view on sustainability, it's going to be about things that you can do from the beginning onward, moving the needle a little bit on on some of the fine points that we tend to overlook on a daily basis, because we're focusing on more big picture stuff. So my focus for anyone who wants to start off, and they know that they want to be doing things the right way, 10 years down the road, and they want things to be a little easier for them, it goes back to what you and I've been talking about earlier, the beginning of our conversation, choosing the right varieties, making sure your site selection is all going to work out if you don't have the expertise to do that, you should really find someone who specializes in that, you know, I've drawn upon soil scientists that come out and look at sites and map sites, on projects that I'm working on, you know, we need to bring the team together that can make the right decisions from day one, and choosing your varieties and your rootstocks and making sure your vineyard design is done in a way where you reduce erosion and foresee some of the issues that are going to come up the other thing that that I'll touch on quite a bit at the Sustainable Ag Expo is the the smaller detail things after the vines go in the ground, how we train our first and second year vines, where we make the cuts on those vines for die back and proper healing and preventing infection by by diseases that want to get into our trunks early on and establish and then all the way through to the young vine care. What are some of the things that I see growers making mistakes on that we could be overcoming. And it's really I don't want to say to viticulture 101 because it downplays the importance of it a little bit, when you make it sound. So basic the challenge is, sometimes we know what we need to be doing. But we have trouble conveying that to the workforce that we're using to the contract labor that we're using to our own team. And so I'm going to talk a little bit about a combination of those things about what's important, what shouldn't be overlooked, and how we can make sure we don't overlook it and put a team in place to get it done. Because the establishment will just umbrella that term with the vineyard establishment that first three to five years of getting your cordons developed. Or if you're in a cane pruning system, establishing your renewal zone and, and everything else. I'm super excited about it. I'd be lying to you to say that my talk is ready as of today. But I've got it outlined in my in my mind, and I've got the ideas already in my head that I clearly would love to share.   Craig Macmillan  32:22  And hopefully that will spread. Where can people find out more about you what you do?   Fritz Westover  32:27  Well, I'm available on social media through Westover Viticulture, on Facebook and on Instagram. And as you know, I also do an online vineyard advising and education community that I snuck you into, to kind of see behind the scenes on that and that is known as virtual viticulture Academy. That's really where I share all of my information with growers who are not necessarily my clients that I consult for on a one on one basis. You know, you have all this information, you want to share it with other growers. I know that's my passion is helping growers. And I've been doing that for my whole career. So through Virtual Viticulture Academy, I have a way to get together with that community. For this, those who join and answer their questions in the vineyard and share some of the trials and tribulations the what works and what doesn't work, and give some direct feedback to a community of growers. And what's awesome about that Craig is we didn't just do Virtual Viticulture Academy because of the pandemic. We're in our fifth year, you know, a lot of people went virtual and went online and found new innovative and creative ways to reach their audience, whether it's a grape grower or winemaker in this industry. We've been doing that for five years. And when the pandemic came on, and we weren't visiting sites as much or doing things in person, we just kept on going and kept on teaching and trying to try to make an impact. And just like the Vineyard Tam has been doing with all their great online programs. So so that's one of the things that I've been working on there. And then I'd really letting the cat out of the bag here a little bit. But I think by the time this podcast is released, I'll also be releasing a podcast known as Vineyard Underground podcast. And that's going to be just where I hang out like this and share information through the ear buds about grape growing very similar to what you're you're doing there. Our goal is to have some quick wins that growers can take back to the vineyard. Some practical advice for the everyday grower. Well, we'll get into the science of grape growing but we really want to focus on the how to interviewing growers and getting down into the dirt a little bit into the underground, where things get a little bit hidden and overlooked.   Craig Macmillan  34:26  That's awesome. Our guest today has been Fritz Westover viticulturist with Westover Vineyard Advising, of course, the Virtual Viticulture Academy, and the upcoming Vineyard Underground podcast. Thanks so much for taking the time. This has been really fun. There's going to be links to all the things that he's mentioned in our notes regarding this, this little show here and we hope that you check them out tons of great stuff. One thing that Fritz does really well is communicate to the world. He's got he's got the Twitter, he's got the Instagram, he's got the Facebook, he's got the website really easy to find really great information super useful. We really appreciate everything that you're doing. I think one of the things I just want to say personally is that you know, to the public Fritz has been a an asset to the viticulture community throughout the United States in a way that I can't think of very many other people have been just speaking personally, I really appreciate that because you people who are really passionate about it and are really knowledgeable about it, and here's the piece that are willing to go out, who are willing to get on a plane or willing to get in a truck and really go out and meet one on one with people and then stay connected, whether it's virtual or otherwise, I think is really fantastic. And so you should be applauded for that.   Fritz Westover  35:38  Thank you, Craig, so much for having me and thanks to the vineyard team as well.   Transcribed by https://otter.ai

sono quasi un migliaio le aziende agricole che hanno fatto domanda di finanziamento nell'ambito del Piano Straordinario per il reimpianto di olivi.

Invasive pests and diseases are a challenge for all grape growers. Research is vital to develop new strategies and solutions. The Pierce's Disease/Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter Board was established nearly two decades ago to allocate funding to the most promising research projects. Kristin Lowe, Research Coordinator at the Pierce's Disease and Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter Board and President of Vine Balance Consulting shares how projects are funded through a rigorous scientific review and screening panel. Also, learn about some of the most exciting projects including “pathogen confusion” to control Pierce's Disease from Dr. Steve Lindow and a gene editing technology for grapevines using plant protoplasts Dr David Tricoli. References: 89: New Pierce's Disease Vaccine (podcast) 2021 Pierce's Disease Research Projects at a Glance 2021 Pierce's Disease Research Symposium Proceedings 2021 Pierce's Disease Research Symposium session recordings 2022-07-16 Night Harvest Lighting & SWEEP Grants Tailgate About the PD/GWSS Board Biological Control of Pierce's Disease of Grape by an Endophytic Bacterium CDFA Pierce's Disease Research Symposium SIP Certified Sustainable Ag Expo November 14-16, 2022 Vine Balance Consulting Get More Subscribe wherever you listen so you never miss an episode on the latest science and research with the Sustainable Winegrowing Podcast. Since 1994, Vineyard Team has been your resource for workshops and field demonstrations, research, and events dedicated to the stewardship of our natural resources. Learn more at www.vineyardteam.org. Transcript Craig Macmillan  0:00  I'm your host Craig Mcmillan. And with me today is Kristin Lowe, president of Vine Balance Consulting, and research coordinator for the Pierce's Disease Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter Board. Welcome, Kristin.   Kristin Lowe  0:12  Thank you so much for having me.   Craig Macmillan  0:13  First off, can you tell us what is the Pierce's Disease and Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter Board or the PDGWSS? As I want to call it from now on?   Kristin Lowe  0:21  Absolutely. So the PDGWSS Board is a group of California growers or grower producers. There's 14 board members and also one public member. And their primary goal is to make sure that all of the assessment funds that are received to the board go to the most promising research for our most challenging pests and diseases today. Those that are designated as important problems.   Craig Macmillan  0:48  And so the funding comes from an assessment.   Kristin Lowe  0:50  That is correct. So the assessment, I believe, on average is about $1.50 per $1,000 of grapes in terms of value .The most, the cap is at $3 per 1000 grapes in value. But yes, that's collected every year and has been so since the board started back in 2001.   Craig Macmillan  1:13  What led to the creation of the board?   Kristin Lowe  1:15  Pierce's Disease. So. Well, I think anyone who's looked into the history of Pierce's Disease, so this is a bacterial disease, endemic to California, not not necessarily new to California, right. But what was new to California was not only the establishment, but the fact that the Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter started thriving down in Southern California. That is the vector for Pierce's Disease. That insect exists in parts of Mexico and also parts of Florida and the Southeast US. But it got to California, and it started doing really well to the point that Pierce's disease started taking off. This led to a lot of sad looking pictures of dead vines, lots of concern over lost acreage, and this would be during the late 1990s or so. And in response to this, industry leaders from all different groups came together. A combination of industry USDA, UC California researchers, CDFA, to create the Pierce's Disease Control Program. And that's got many facets, but one of it is the PDGWSS Board, which whose mission is to fund the most important research to combat Pierce's Disease, Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter and all the other pests that they've designated in their RFP.   Craig Macmillan  2:31  Yeah. And so the the mission is expanded now beyond just Glassy-Wing to a number of other invasive pests that correct?   Kristin Lowe  2:37  Yeah, it has it has. And there's, there's a clear path for that. And I think what really blew that open was the European Grapevine Moth. So another invasive pest species that showed up, oh, gosh, and I think that was somewhere around 2011 or so maybe a little bit before, but agriculture always has a new bad guy. And so we needed a way for the for the PDGWSS board to, you know, expand what it was going to fund in terms of research to deal with new problems and, and continuing ones that keep coming back.   Craig Macmillan  3:08  So what exactly is your role with the board?   Kristin Lowe  3:11  Sure. So, they put out a call for proposals for a research coordinator last year, and I got the job, very excited. And so my goal is to kind of basically help guide the program to make sure that what we're funding is really on point to, to our goal, on point to making sure that the research is heading in the right direction, it's we get continual progress, and is also able to collaborate with, you know, get foster collaboration with other agencies, we have this general sense that we've been going since 2001. And there's been a lot of really great research going on for Pierce's Disease. These days, our problems might be different. And so the RFP expanded, also to include grapevine viruses. And those seem to be a real multi headed monster, for the industry for many levels. So I think that while my overall goal is just to make sure that the research funding program is focused and relevant, we're starting to look a lot more closely at visruses.   Craig Macmillan  4:20  And RFPs  is Request for Proposals?   Kristin Lowe  4:22  Correct RFP is the request for proposals.   Craig Macmillan  4:25  Okay, so academics, scientists, will write up a proposal of what they want to do research wise, and they bring it to the board, and the board, evaluates them and decides, hey, would give some money to this, we'll give some money to that.   Kristin Lowe  4:39  Yes, absolutely. So we coordinate with other funding agencies and for the wine industry and actually for the whole wine and grape industry, not just in California, but in Oregon as well. And we all put out a request for proposals on the same date, December 1. And that after a couple months that closes and we look atthe proposals and they go through the PDGWSS Board, they go through scientific review, pretty stringent scientific review, and then also our research screening panel process. And ultimately, the Board makes the final decision on what gets funded within that year.   Craig Macmillan  5:14  Cool. So tell us about some of these projects. I mean, it's been 20 years. What's happened? What are some of the ones that you are excited about? Or remember are really proud of?   Kristin Lowe  5:23  Yeah, oh, there's so many. And I am I am so nervous about like glossing over things or missing details that I'm going to take this opportunity to tell everybody that there's some great resources on our website that you can, that you can look at to get more details. And that is cdfa.ca.gov/PDCP/research. And on there you can look at, there's a document that says projects at a glance, just great layman's layman person summaries of all of the research has been going on. There's our entire research symposium proceedings, and some recordings as well of   Craig Macmillan  6:05  Yes,   Kristin Lowe  6:06  ... recent one. So, you know, because this is public assessment money, this information should be available to everyone in the industry. So we work really hard to keep that website updated.   Craig Macmillan  6:16  And we will have links to all of those on the page.   Kristin Lowe  6:19  Okay, cool. Cool. Cool. Okay, so some science.   Craig Macmillan  6:23  Yes!   Kristin Lowe  6:23  Have you heard Dr. Steve Lindow talk about his work on Paraburkholderia?   Craig Macmillan  6:29  No, I haven't.   Kristin Lowe  6:31  You haven't? I thought he I thought he presented at this Sustainable Ag Expo a few years ago, but maybe I'm mistaken.   Craig Macmillan  6:37  No, he may have been I may not have been there.   Kristin Lowe  6:40  Yeah, yeah. So Dr. Steve Lindow, is at UC Davis. And he made a crazy exciting discovery, there is a endophytic bacteria called Paraburkholderia phytofirmans, I'll just call it like, Paraburkholderia. That's enough of a mouthful.   Craig Macmillan  6:57  That's enough, yeah.   Kristin Lowe  6:58  And it inhibits the movement of xylella fastidiosa. So of the Pierce's Disease controlling or the organism responsible for Pierce's Disease, within the vine. So this endophytic bacteria, if you put it in the vine, at the same time, that's Xylella, in there, it not only moves throughout the vine, so it becomes systemic, but it inhibits the movement of the pathogen. So this is kind of huge. This species has been looked at before for for other reasons. But what this basically is, we're hoping that it leads to, is an infield treatment with an endophytic bacteria. So his work has involved figuring out, first of all the mechanism. But second of all, the practical aspect of this, which is what I love about it. It seems to work best when the two organisms are there together. So there's a timing of you know, do we pre inoculate with endophytic bacteria, and then it gets Xylella. That works. Or if a vine has been infected with Xylella, and then you are able to treat it with a Paraburkholderia. It also helps to not only the reduce the Xylella count, but reduce symptoms.   Craig Macmillan  8:14  How do you introduce it this thing into the vine?   Kristin Lowe  8:18  Oh, right. Yeah, first of all, with a pinprick basically. So an inoculation, I don't think everyone out there is going to want to go through and inoculate every vine. So they are working on a sprayable formulation. And to be able to actually get that into the vine, as well. And it seems to work with certain types of surfactants. So that's kind of where that technology is at is, you know, how do we create, you know, how do we create a usable product with it? What's going to work the best in the field? What's, what's the most practical in terms of rate, and timing? And in getting the endophytic bacteria into the vines?   Craig Macmillan  8:54  That's, that's amazing. That's definitely amazing. Endophytic bacteria is something that lives inside the plant.   Kristin Lowe  9:00  Yes, it is naturally there, there are 1000s of them and 1000s have been tried to see if they first of all actually move throughout the plant rather than in just the place that you found them. And second, if they are going to work against any sort of pathogens. Yeah, an amazing discovery and work that's been going on for for years and is I believe, is finally in the stages of getting to field trials and seeing how it would work. But imagine if you could go out to your block that you know is going to get pressure every year and think that you could decrease that pressure with with a spray. Never, I mean PD kills vines, that's huge. And in areas with constant pressure, it kills just more and more every year. So to have that sort of infield treatment is pretty exciting.   Craig Macmillan  9:45  Is this the kind of project that would receive funding over many years or multiple years from the board?   Kristin Lowe  9:49  Absolutely. And I don't remember when it first started. Definitely preceded my time there, but I think I've been following it since at least 2016.   Craig Macmillan  9:52  Oh, wow. Okay.   Kristin Lowe  9:52  No, it takes time from you know, discovery not only to making sure it's going to work, and then and then there's all this stuff after to get it actually implemented. But most of these projects that are going to result in a long term sustainable solution, or long term projects, you need years of data to make sure that they're gonna work.   Craig Macmillan  10:17  Science takes time.   Kristin Lowe  10:19  It takes time. I know, we're always impatient about that. But it does definitely take time.   Craig Macmillan  10:25  And support.   Kristin Lowe  10:26  Yeah, yeah.   Craig Macmillan  10:27  What's, what's something else that you're excited about?   Kristin Lowe  10:30  Okay, another one that's pretty exciting and groundbreaking is work by Dr. David Tricoli. And he's at the UC Davis Plant Transformation Facility. Have you heard of him at all?   Craig Macmillan  10:42  No, no.   Kristin Lowe  10:43  Okay. So he's doing has done something that might sound simple, but it opens up a wealth of options for future research. He's developed a cell culture method for regenerating a grapevine from a cell Protoplast. So you might remember back from biology, major differences between animals and plants. Plants are surrounded by a cell wall, animal cells, plant cells. Animal cells are not. When some of the like gene editing technology is coming out that's happening in animal cells, it's a lot easier to do, because they don't have the cell wall. Previous to this work, no one's been able to regenerate a grapevine from just a Protoplast. Without a cell wall. What this work has done is enabled there to be a platform of getting a group of grape cells together, just their protoplasts without the cell wall, onto which you could potentially do CRISPR Cas9, or some of the other fast developing gene editing techniques that are out there.   Craig Macmillan  11:45  This this is a technology I've heard repeatedly, and I'm I have no idea what the acronym stands for. And I'm not really sure I understand what it does. So what is CRISPR? Yeah,   Kristin Lowe  11:55  and I'm not going to tell you exactly what the acronym stands for either. To me, but so Cas9 is is a gene editing technology that allows for very, very precise small changes in a gene or in a genome. Ultimately, when done for plants by multiple steps later, it can result in a plant that's retained this small edit, but has absolutely no foreign DNA. And unlike a traditional GMO, that would have external DNA from a plasmid or from some other plant, this one is I can kind of think of it as like a lucky or benevolent mutation occurred. And you can't tell but it was purposeful. And and the result is a different phenotype that, that you can see. CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing is it's been out there for a number of years now. But it's taken time for everyone to develop different platforms for which it could work. For plants, especially for plants that are always regenerated by cuttings. So we don't do crosses to get new grapes, we take cuttings, we need a platform to possibly be able to do this. What this work has done is developed that platform. Where it could go it completely depends you need to you need to know which you know which genes to edit, which ones are going to reduce, are going to result in a phenotype. Obviously, what's fascinating, or what's most interesting to me is disease resistance that's usually complex multigenic. So we're still a ways down there from coming up with a with a solution. But the fact that the platform was developed, was actually a major breakthrough.   Craig Macmillan  13:35  That's phenomenal. So that's research that was done. It's gonna open the door for new research?   Kristin Lowe  13:40  Potentially, exactly. I mean, you can hear about CRISPR-Cas9 and the news happening to everything else, but but not the crop you're interested in until someone figures out that they're all different. Right?   Craig Macmillan  13:52  Right, right. What, is their other pests that have come into the catalogue that you think are interesting in that people are doing interesting work on?   Kristin Lowe  13:59  Our most recent designated past is the Spotted Lantern Fly, we do not have that one yet. Depending on who you ask it seems inevitable that's making its way steadily west from Pennsylvania. And so that's one that the Board and has its eye on for for sure. But we don't have it yet, but we're accepting proposals for it. Because we're trying to be ready. It's actually pretty rare that you can eradicate a, an invasive pest. The fact that California did it with a European Grapevine Moth is it is an amazing example. What's next right? Yeah, so Spotted Lantern Fly is probably next on our horizon is being something that would certainly be problematic if it got here, and you know, trying to stay ahead about research to understand how it would and could be controlled.   Craig Macmillan  14:52  Does the does the board fund research in states other than Oregon and California?    Kristin Lowe  14:56  The board funds researchers. So we do have PIs from from out of state and from not from the West Coast. Absolutely. The Board funds projects, obviously, they have to have some applicability to what we're, what our problems are and what we're concerned with. But yeah, there's no real state, state by state guideline.   Craig Macmillan  15:16  Right. Right. Right. Well, you know, you mentioned the review process. I just want to shift gears to that. What are the boxes that need to be checked or the hurdles that need to be cleared to get a project funded? What are the what are the criteria that the board and the written in the reviewers are looking for?   Kristin Lowe  15:31  Oh, sure. Well, I believe it's even just out there when we send up the call for proposals. But it just basically has to be really good science. It needs to be well, you know, well justified that there's either preliminary data or an excellent premise from a different crop. Or another reason why this idea would work. There have to be sound and detailed materials and methods that are laid out there has to be good experimental design, especially when you get to the field level, right, proper controls, proper replication, the stats will have to work, right, all of those things, the budget needs to be reasonable, all those sorts of things for sure.   Craig Macmillan  16:09  Which reminds me how much money is available each year?   Kristin Lowe  16:12  It varies. So it will it will depend on on the assessment. And I'm not the numbers person, I'm more the idea person. But I yeah, I have something that could find a figure for you for later. But I think over the 20 years, I believe I read that we have had up to somewhere between 60 and 70 million. But that's not all straight for research. It also goes to the Person's Disease control program treatments for battling Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter outbreaks and some of those control.   Craig Macmillan  16:44  So what is the one thing related to this that you would recommend to our listeners? How can we how can we help?   Kristin Lowe  16:51  Oh, that's a great question. How can you help. Well, stay stay engaged. Make sure that everyone all the way up the chain knows what your problems are. And and what, you know what what you really need. This is grower money, that for this particular funding program, there are other agencies out there that are simply donation only, not for profit. But I would say, so this is assessment money so it's a little bit unique. But I would say in general, your problems are not unique. And, I mean, we all we're all dealing with some of the same problems. And we have to come together as an industry to, you know, industry to help solve them. A, stay informed, work with researchers. One of the hardest things is for researchers to find field trials or fields that will let them come do some experimentation. They're always looking for industry partners, as sources of sick vines, helping to track patterns, helping to try new technology, just to collect data. Collaborators like that are always needed.   Craig Macmillan  17:57   I think that's some great encouragement. I think that's a great message. Don't be afraid to be a collaborator.   Kristin Lowe  18:01  Yeah, yeah, absolutely. It gives you kind of a seat at the table. And researchers aren't growers. And so we need to have this kind of constant communication for there to be good outreach of what they found, to make sure it's applicable and that everyone understands it and and will adopt it too. The most frustrating thing is if something comes out, and people are slow to adopt it, even though it works. So staying informed about what's current, and what are what are new, good ideas.   Craig Macmillan  18:27  I think that's important. So pay attention.   Kristin Lowe  18:30  Yeah, get out there to grow our meetings and and industry meetings. And, yeah, a lot of these researchers do try very hard to do outreach. They hear you if you're if you're there and are showing up for the conversation.   Craig Macmillan  18:43  If I wanted to be a collaborator, how can I make myself available?   Kristin Lowe  18:46  Oh, gosh, that's a good question. Well, first of all, you would need to know what was going on. So you would need to need to, you know, go to meetings, listen to these people talk, you know, decide if you have similar problems. Almost all of them pass up their email and say, Look, yeah, I've got a place where I've got this, this issue going on. I've you know, been dealing with virus or I've been near dealing with Pierce's Disease. And do you need a field? You know, do you need data set? Some sort of field data or collaboration or a field site? Yeah.   Craig Macmillan  19:16  Well, that's fantastic. That's great advice. Where can people find out more about you?   Kristin Lowe  19:21  Oh, me personally? Okay, well, sure. I've been I started a consulting company almost 10 years ago, and my website is vinebalancedconsulting.com. I am largely based out of the Napa-Sonoma area, and keep in my toe in the research world because it's exciting. And viticulture is a science. That's one reason why I love it.   Craig Macmillan  19:44  It's nice to talk somebody loves science. Yeah. I love talking about science. It's so much fun. Well, I think it's time today I want to thank Kristin Lowe, who is the Research Coordinator for the Pierces Disease/Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter Board and President of Vine Balance Consulting. Check out the website we'll have links and notes of where to go and we look forward to talking to you again.   Kristin Lowe  20:08  You're most welcome. Thank you for the opportunity. Have a great growing season.   Transcribed by https://otter.ai

Innanzitutto, è stato modificato il Piano straordinario per la rigenerazione olivicola della Puglia in modo tale da poter contrastare la Xylella fastidiosa e includere gli indennizzi per le operazioni di distruzione delle piante infette.

L'Osservatorio fitosanitario pugliese ha deciso di partire dalle piante infette individuate nel 2021 per poi monitorare il terreno a 50 metri dalle ultime abbattute per capire dove fermare i tagli.

La regione assicura che nei prossimi giorni sarà completata l'istruttoria delle prime 1.292 domande finanziabili con 40 milioni di euro per ottenere i contributi sugli innesti agli olivi monumentali.

Succede spesso che proprio nei momenti difficili vengano le idee migliori. Siamo in Puglia. La perdita di milioni di alberi a causa della Xylella ha spinto a una riflessione che ha contribuito alla nascita del progetto "Opera Seme", della Caritas diocesana di Nardò-Gallipoli. Un progetto che promuove e valorizza il lavoro, il territorio e la persona. Ascoltiamo: Sara Donadei, socio fondatore della Cooperativa Ipso Facto; don Giuseppe Venneri, direttore della Caritas diocesana di Nardò-Gallipoli. | Microstoria dalla Bolivia: Anais, Fidel e la coltivazione di orti idroponici.

Il dirigente dell'osservatorio fitosanitario della Regione Puglia Salvatore Infantino, ha annunciato che è stato adottato un nuovo provvedimento dirigenziale che autorizza gli agricoltori che possiedono le piante di ulivo monumentali, a prelevare il materiale per la propagazione, le marze, e a procedere all'innesto delle piante nella propria azienda.

Uno studio condotto in Italia, Francia e Stati Uniti ha confermato la provenienza del batterio Xylella fastidiosa, ovvero da una pianta di caffè arrivata nel 2008 dalla Costa Rica e che successivamente si è adattato agli ulivi in Puglia, uccidendo milioni di piante.

La Giunta Regionale ha approvato una importante variazione di bilancio che consente di utilizzare ulteriori risorse per quest'anno, in relazione al Piano Straordinario per la Rigenerazione Olivicola della Puglia al fine di ampliare maggiormente la platea di beneficiari che si sono candidati al bando per i reimpianti dicultivar di olivo resistenti alla Xylella e per la tutela degli olivi monumentali".

Con la campagna olearia 2021-22 l'Italia torna al secondo posto tra i principali Paesi produttori di olio mondiali. Sebbene la distanza con la Spagna che guida la classifica resti enorme, si registra tuttavia un segno di un'inversione di tendenza dopo un anno in cui il nostro Paese – complici anche l'epidemia di Xylella in Puglia e soprattutto le difficili condizioni atmosferiche - era stato superato anche da Grecia e Tunisia. Secondo i dati forniti da Unaprol – Consorzio Olivicolo Italiano, leader incontrastato del settore si conferma la Spagna con quasi 1, 3 milioni di tonnellate prodotte ( comunque in calo del 6,4% rispetto all'annata precedente ), mentre l'Italia risale in seconda posizione con 315mila tonnellate che rappresentano un risultato ancora ben lontano dal nostro potenziale produttivo. Basti pensare che, nel giro di 30 anni, la produzione nazionale è scesa dalle 674mila tonnellate di raccolta della campagna 1991/92 alle 315mila di oggi. Il dato più positivo dell'ultimo decennio è quello registrato nel 2015-2016 con 475mila tonnellate prodotte. ______________________________________ Ascolta “Economy News”, la rubrica semplificata di informazione economica in onda tutti i giorni su Giornale Radio. Il podcast di approfondimento di notizie di economia e di finanza, che descrive ed espone in maniera semplice e veloce gli avvenimenti di politica economica di interesse nazionale e mondiale. In redazione Ferruccio Bovio, in studio Marco Veneziani. Per i notiziari sempre aggiornati ascoltaci sul sito: https://www.giornaleradio.fm oppure scarica la nostra App gratuita: iOS - App Store - https://apple.co/2uW01yA Android - Google Play - http://bit.ly/2vCjiW3 Resta connesso e segui i canali social di Giornale Radio: Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/giornaleradio.fm/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/giornaleradio.tv/?hl=it Twitter: https://twitter.com/giornaleradiofm

Francesco Porcelli, entomologo e docente del dipartimento di Scienze del suolo dell'Università di Bari, ha condotto uno studio molto interessante su la cimice Zelus, che potrebbe essere in grado di contrastare in maniera efficace la cosiddetta sputacchina, l'insetto vettore del batterio Xylella fastidiosa.

Un emendamento alla legge di bilancio 2022, superando le precedenti disposizioni, consente il reimpianto di specie vegetali diverse da quelle olivicole estirpate perchè colpite dalla Xylella.

In questo audio il prezioso incontro con Federico Baronello artista, Marina Lalli Bertolino presidente Federturismo, Stefano Zedde vice direttore Camera di Commercio e Industria Italiana in Polonia.L'intervista con Federico Baronello, Marina Lalli e Stefano Zedde, è nel progetto Contemporaneamente a cura di Mariantonietta Firmani, il podcast pensato per Artribune. In Contemporaneamente podcast trovate incontri tematici con autorevoli interpreti del contemporaneo tra arte e scienza, letteratura, storia, filosofia, architettura, cinema e molto altro. Per approfondire questioni auliche ma anche cogenti e futuribili. Dialoghi straniati per accedere a nuove letture e possibili consapevolezze dei meccanismi correnti: tra locale e globale, tra individuo e società, tra pensiero maschile e pensiero femminile, per costruire una visione ampia, profonda ed oggettiva della realtà. Con Federico Baronello, Marina Lalli e Stefano Zedde, parliamo di arte e tecnologie, globalizzazione e destinazione, territori e migrazioni, economie e natura. Parliamo dell'alienazione vissuta da arte e collettività, da cui però può nascere una nuova forma di comunità. Le tecnologie hanno molto agevolato le imprese di piccole dimensioni. Tuttavia le restrizioni imposte dall'emergenza rischiano di distruggere le capacità reattive dei singoli, favorendo solo gruppi multinazionali. La scena artistica scompare nel marketing e si ricostituisce nella ricerca scientifica, il cui metodo di verifica, sarebbe strategico nell'arte e nella società. Poi, per avere un Paese attrattivo e produttivo occorre armonizzare imprese e salvaguardia del territorio. Il turista interessato al prodotto italiano è colto, con alta disponibilità economica, curioso e appassionato di relazioni, predilige comunità felici e partecipate. E ancora, la ricerca artistica va oltre l'aspetto scandalistico per raccontare le variazioni nel paesaggio, le fragilità intrinseche dell'iper-industrializzazione. L'Italia è il paese più sognato, ma non il più visitato perché manca il sistema paese, inoltre necessitano innovazioni strutturali nel sistema turistico maturo. E molto altro. ASCOLTA L'INTERVISTA! BREVI NOTE BIOGRAFICHE DEGLI AUTORI Marina Lalli Bertolino Presidente Nazionale di Federturismo Confindustria e vicepresidente vicaria di Confindustria Bari e BAT. Nata in una famiglia di imprenditori nei settore dei lavori pubblici e infrastrutture stradali, vive per anni negli Stati Uniti e in Svizzera.Laurea in Giurisprudenza alla LUISS, specializzazioni in Management per Piccole Imprese (LUISS), Marketing Internazionale e General Management del Comparto Alberghiero (SDA Bocconi). Dal 2000 lavora nelle aziende di famiglia, oggi a capo di una delle aziende del gruppo, le Terme di Margherita di Savoia. Amministratore Unico delle Terme, del Grand Hotel Terme con l'annesso lido balneare, del ristorante AQUA, della SPA Acqua di Sale. Gestisce anche le produzioni cosmetiche e dei dispositivi medici a marchio Terme. Inoltre si occupa di Real Estate, riqualificando edifici storici: Palazzo San Giorgio e Palazzo Nigretti su Trani, Palazzo Novecento a Margherita di Savoia.In Confindustria è anche vicepresidente di Federterme, membro del Consiglio Direttivo di AICA Confindustria Alberghi. È inoltre componente del consiglio di E.B.I.T. Ente Bilaterale Industria Turistica. Inoltre, siede nel Consiglio della CCIAA di Bari e nel CdA della Nuova Fiera del Levante di Bari, componente di diversi CdA di società private. Federico Baronello artista, lavora con la fotografia analitica e la progettazione di strutture espositive, con sporadiche incursioni nell'esercizio della critica d'arte contemporanea. La sua ricerca si concentra essenzialmente sulla documentazione degli effetti della globalizzazione nell'area mediterranea e sulla tecnologia come agente per costruire nuove forme culturali.Dal 1999 Baronello fa parte di Candy Factory, un collettivo internazionale con sede in Giappone. Insieme agli artisti Takuji Kogo e Mike Bode sviluppa lavori multimediali che esplorano gli effetti della globalizzazione nello spazio quotidiano: artonline[dot]jp. Con la serie fotografica, della residenza al parco botanico della Fondazione Radicepura (2017), ha svelato alcuni dei principali temi legati all'emergenza della pandemia. Indagando anche la fragilità dei paesaggi, delle coltivazioni industriali tipiche del Mediterraneo, di specie botaniche minacciate da batteri e parassiti (punteruolo rosso e Xylella). Inoltre sviluppa una critica istituzionale sul rapporto tra opera e natura museale: stakeholder art museum [dot]org, in collaborazione con un gruppo di sviluppatori e divulgatori delle tecnologie blockchain.Altresì collabora con centri di ricerca scientifica, Laboratori Nazionali Meridionali dell'Istituto Italiano di Fisica Nucleare (INFN-LNS) e l'Istituto di Microelettronica e Microsistemi del Consiglio Italiano delle Ricerche (IMM-CNR). Per il primo ha documentato le missioni sperimentali di NEMO (il più grande centro scientifico dei Paesi Bassi). Documentando anche la prima implementazione italiana di KM3Net, gigantesco telescopio Cherenkov rilevatore di neutrini, sul fondo del Mediterraneo. Importante la sua documentazione/ricerca artistica sul fenomeno delle migrazioni, dai paesi MENA (Middle East and North Africa), verso la Sicilia, con imbarcazioni di fortuna. Stefano Zedde Vice Direttore della CCIIP Camera di Commercio e dell'Industria Italiana in Polonia. La CCIIP è una associazione di imprenditori italiani in Polonia, ufficialmente riconosciuta dal Governo italiano. Conta oggi 130 Soci, tra cui i maggiori investimenti italiani in Polonia come FCA, Brembo, Ferrero, Mapei, Marcegaglia, Bitron, Pirelli, Intesa San Paolo.Dopo la laurea in Giurisprudenza all'Università di Sassari, Erasmus presso l'Università di Olsztyn in Polonia. Tesi in diritto ambientale con tirocinio presso il Servizio Valutazione Impatti Ambientali della Regione Autonoma Sardegna. Infine con tirocinio Erasmus nel 2014 approda alla CCIIP dove sviluppa una brillante carriera. Fiero delle origini sarde, vive in Polonia, supportando numerose aziende italiane a inserirsi nel mercato polacco. In CCIIP Zedde è anche responsabile del desk per i servizi di internazionalizzazione e promozione del Made in Italy, in particolare nei settori agroalimentare, l'automotive ed il turismo. Dal 2018 responsabile del desk ENIT (Agenzia Nazionale del Turismo Italiano) in Polonia per la promozione turistica dell'Italia.

Come si stanno muovendo le scuole in vista del ritorno in classe dopo le vacanze natalizie con l'aumento dei contagi? Lo chiediamo a Rossano Sasso, sottosegretario di Stato al Ministero dell'istruzione. Il caos tamponi di questi ultimi giorni dilaga, a Bergamo bisogna aspettare addirittura 21 giorni per farne uno. Sentiamo al riguardo Paola Pedrini, medica a Trescore Balneario (Bergamo) e segretaria FIMMG Lombardia (Federazione Italiana Medici di Medicina Generale. Turismo: crollo delle vacanze, 120 milioni di presenze in meno nel 2021 rispetto al 2019. Facciamo il resoconto di questo trend negativo con Andrea Mele, vicepresidente di Astoi Confindustria viaggi. Anche oggi andiamo all'estero, stavolta in Francia, dove insieme al nostro Danilo Ceccarelli, inviato da Parigi, vediamo come si evolve la situazione della pandemia dopo le nuove restrizioni di Macron. Oggi la corte suprema Russa chiude Memorial, storica ONG per i diritti umani. Ci spiega tutto Antonella Scott, Il Sole24Ore. Dal 1° gennaio 2022 entra in vigore il nuovo decreto sulle "Norme di comportamento degli utenti delle aree sciabili", un traguardo raggiunto grazie al lavoro dell’Associazione “Il Sorriso di Matilde Onlus”. Ci colleghiamo con Elisabetta De Biaggio dell'associazione e madre di Matilde e Valeria Ghezzi, presidente Anef (Associazione Nazionale Esercenti Funiviari). Paolo Cimini è un tassista di Torino che da molti anni offre un servizio gratuito per le famiglie dei bambini malati di cuore. Ci facciamo raccontare da lui questa sua bellissima iniziativa. Xylella, la carica dei sei cani che salvano gli olivi: è operativa in Puglia la prima task force cinofila specializzata nell’azione di prevenzione e contrasto alla cosiddetta peste degli ulivi, un disastro rivelato dalla distesa di tronchi tagliati che punteggiano il Salento. Donato Boscia, responsabile del Cnr-Ipsp (Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante) che ha messo a punto il progetto Xylella Detection Dog. In Serie A, la Salernitana rischia l'esclusione dal campionato a causa della mancanza di un nuovo acquirente. Le ultime news al riguardo con Alessandro Mosca, redattore sportivo per "La Città di Salerno".

Dendro and Codit are called to West Los Angeles by a building manager charged with tending to eight declining olive trees that are the key feature of a 41st floor outdoor restaurant. Is it Xylella fastidiosa or something else? Will Dendro and Codit have a solution in The Case of the Rooftop Restaurant? (Original story by James Komen) (A,M,Bp)