Wofford Arboretum Central Campus

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 8 Height: 60 – 70 Spread: Irregular Habit: Round and relatively dense Light: Best in full sun Soil: Normally found in poor, dry, rocky soil, maximum growth occurs in well-drained, moist soil Flowers: inconspicuous, hanging catkins Fruit: acorn 1 – 1 1/4 long by 3/4 wide, rich brown color Landscape use: Good medium-size tree for use as a specimen tree, in parks and public places History: Native range is from southern Maine and Ontario to South Carolina and Alabama; cultivated in 1688 PestsProblems: None Significant Features: Dark brown to black bark; sweet acorn provides food for wildlife

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 9 Height: 40 – 60 with a maximum of 100 Spread: 40 – 60 Habit: In youth: pyramidal; At maturity: more spreading Light: Best in full sun or partial shade Soil: Moist, well-drained soil preferable Flowers: inconspicuous, hanging catkins Fruit: ovate acorn 3/4 – 1 long Landscape use: Magnificent shade tree, great for streets, golf courses, and campuses; not suitable for small area History: Native range is Kansas to southern Michigan to North Carolina, Florida and Texas; introduced in 1907 PestsProblems: None Significant Features: Drought tolerant; good russet-red to red fall color

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 8 Height: 20 – 30 Spread: equals height Habit: Vigorous, erect and wide-spreading throughout Light: Best in sun or partial shade Soil: Well-drained, moderately fertile soil preferable Flowers: true flowers are inconspicuous, surrounded by large pointed bracts 1 1/2 – 2 long; floral bracts are white and have a velvety texture Fruit: none Landscape use: Useful as specimen tree or accent in background; excellent border or hedge for large areas; attractive against large evergreens History: One clone in a series of hybrids developed by Elwin Orton at Rutgers University. The hybrids resulted from crosses between C. kousa, C. florida, and C. nuttallii PestsProblems: None serious Significant Features: Very floriferous; develops exfoliating bark charactersitics with age; leaves are dark green

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 6 – 9 Height: 70 – 80 Spread: 3/4 height Habit: Rounded outline at maturity Light: Best in full sun Soil: Characteristic soil is dry and poor, but develops best on loamy ridges Flowers: inconspicuous, hanging catkins Fruit: acorn 1/2 long Landscape use: Nice shade tree for use in large areas; similar uses to white oak History: Native range is Virginia to Florida, west to southern Illinois and Arkansas; introduced in 1763 PestsProblems: None Significant Features: Leaves are dark green above and yellowish-brown beneath

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 8 Height: larger than 60 – 70 Spread: Irregular Habit: Round and relatively dense Light: Best in full sun Soil: Moister soils than chestnut oak Flowers: insignificant hanging catkins Fruit: acorn 1 – 1 1/4 long by 3/4 wide, rich brown color Landscape use: Good medium size tree for use as a specimen tree, in parks and public places History: Native range is from southern Maine and Ontario to South Carolina and Alabama; cultivated in 1688 PestsProblems: None Significant Features: Bark is scaly, similar to white oak, whereas chestnut oak is deeply grooved; pubescent on underside of leaves and branchlets

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 6 – 9 Height: 60 – 70 Spread: close to 1/2 its height Habit: Spreading branches forming a round-topped oblong head Light: Sun or partial shade Soil: Rich, moist soil preferable Flowers: greenish-red, open in mid to late February Fruit: winged fruit Landscape use: Good lawn and street shade tree History: Native range is Virginia to Florida, west to Illinois, Oklahoma, and Texas; introduced in 1820 PestsProblems: Pests: bark aphid, wood borer, beech scale; Problems: powdery mildew (leaves appear white) Significant Features: Corky, winged bark on branches

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 2 – 8 Height: 70 – 80 with a maximum of 100 Spread: equal or greater than height Habit: In youth: weakly pyramidal to oval; At maturity: massive trunk and broad crown with stout branches Light: Best in full sun Soil: Very adaptable to various soils Flowers: inconspicuous, hanging catkins Fruit: acorn 3/4 – 1 1/2 long Landscape use: Too large for home landscapes; excellent for parks or large areas History: Native range is Nova Scotia to Pennsylvania, west to Manitoba and Texas; introduced in 1811 PestsProblems: Pests: none; Problems: various types of galls; roots may crack driveway or patio surfaces if planted too close; powdery mildew; canker; anthracnose Significant Features: Fringed acorn cup, exceptional size; some display corky ridges on small branches

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 9 Height: 70 – 75 with a maximum of 100 Spread: 40 – 50 Habit: Symmetrical with rounded crown; branches gradually spreading and curving upward Light: Full sun or partial shade Soil: Generally found on dry, sandy soils; well-drained, medium fertile; slightly moist soil preferable Flowers: hanging catkins Fruit: ovoid acorn 3/4 long enclosed in a deep, bowl-like cup Landscape use: Excellent for framing, background, shade, and street plantings History: Native range is Maine to Florida, west to Minnesota and Missouri; introduced in 1691 PestsProblems: None Significant Features: Excellent foliage; pleasing fall color; rapid growth

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 3 – 9 Height: 60 – 100 Spread: 50 – 80 Habit: Upright-rounded to broad-rounded with wide-spreading branches at maturity Light: Best in full sun or partial shade Soil: Best in deep, moist, well-drained soils, acidic soil preferable Flowers: inconspicuous, hanging catkins Fruit: acorn 1/2 long and wide Landscape use: Majestic specimen tree, splendid for permanent planting in spacious areas; among the most handsome of oaks History: Native range is Maine to Florida, west to Minnesota and Texas; introduced in 1724 PestsProblems: Pests: none; Problems: various types of galls; roots may crack driveway or patio surfaces if planted too close; powdery mildew; canker; anthracnose Significant Features: Massive spreading branches that twist with age; variable ashy gray bark often arranged in vertical blocks

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 8 Height: 40 – 60 with a maximum of 100 Spread: 20 – 30 Habit: In youth: pyramidal, full and dense; At maturity: greatly variable Light: Full sun Soil: Rich, moist soil, well-drained preferable Flowers: not showy; open before the leaves Fruit: small, 1/2 – 3/4 long pods, 2 – 4 together on a short stalk Landscape use: Excellent for residential properties, parks, golf courses, commercial areas History: Native range is China and Japan; introduced in 1865 PestsProblems: Pests: none; Problems: inconsequential sun scald and bark splitting Significant Features: Yellow to magnificent apricot fall color; heart-shaped leaves

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 9 Height: 70 – 90 with a maximum of 150 Spread: 35 – 50 Habit: Somewhat pyramidal in youth; maturing to oval-rounded Light: Full sun or partial shade Soil: Deep, moist, well-drained loam with slight acidity Flowers: greenish-yellow and tulip-like; May to early June Fruit: May to early June Landscape use: Not suitable for small or residential use, should be restricted to large areas, very large and magnificent tree when fully grown, good for group plantings History: Native range is Massachusetts to Wisconsin, south to Florida and Mississippi, cultivated in 1663 PestsProblems: Great fall colors; can be spectacularly yellow; valued for flowers and foliage Significant Features: Great fall colors; can be spectacularly yellow; valued for flowers and foliage

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 9 Height: 40 – 50 Spread: 1/2 – 3/4 height Habit: Dense, round-topped crown with stout, spreading branches Light: Best in full sun or partial shade Soil: Silty, loamy soils preferable Flowers: inconspicuous hanging catkins Fruit: acorn 3/4 – 1 long, egg-shaped Landscape use: Seldom used in landscape situations History: Native range is southern Massachusetts to Florida, west to Iowa and Texas; introduced in 1819 PestsProblems: None Significant Features: Thick, shiny, dark green leaves

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 2 – 9 Height: 60 – 80 with maximum of 100 – 120 Spread: 1/2 – 2/3 its height Habit: Irregular, widely arching branches forming vase shape; angles of branches acute Light: Sun or partial shade Soil: Rich, moist soil preferable but grows well under a variety of conditions Flowers: greenish-red in fascicles; inconspicuous Fruit: rounded, notched, disc-shaped, winged fruit Landscape use: American elm formerly widely planted on boulevards and parkways History: Native range is Newfoundland to Florida, west to the foot of the Rockies; introduced in 1752 PestsProblems: Pests: bark aphid, wood borer, beech scale; Problems: Dutch Elm disease now limits landscape use; mildew Significant Features: Large, leathery foliage; vigorous and supposedly resistant to elm leaf beetle

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 8 Height: 80 – 100 Spread: 50 – 80 Habit: In youth: pyramidal, narrow crown; At maturity: open crown with spreading branches Light: Best in full sun Soil: Moist, well-drained soil preferable, can withstand great variability in pH Flowers: yellow-green hanging catkins Fruit: acorn 3/4 – 1 1/4 oblong acorn, usually dark-striped Landscape use: Used for lawns, parks, golf courses, commercial landscapes, and streets History: Native range is Alabama westward to eastern Texas, northward to southeastern Oklahoma, Arkansas, southeastern Missouri, and western Tennessee; distinguished as a species in 1927 PestsProblems: None serious Significant Features: Can not tolerate shade, grows well in areas of low oxygen availability, distinguished from pin oak by size of acorn

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 6 – 9 Height: 30 – 35 Spread: 25 – 35 Habit: Oval-rounded in outline with upswept branches Light: Best in full sun Soil: Moist, well-drained soil preferable Flowers: occur on previous years wood, not showy Fruit: obovoid 1/4 diameter drupe similar to crab apple, maturing to sky blue color in October Landscape use: Great for lawn, park, and street use History: Native range is central and western China; introduced in 1890 PestsProblems: None Significant Features: Extremely drought tolerant; good habit and excellent fall color

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 3 – 8 Height: 70 – 80 Spread: 30 – 40 Habit: Narrow, upright, pyramidal form Light: Best in full sun or partial shade Soil: Sandy, deep, moderately moist soil preferable but grows in almost any situation; very pH adaptable Flowers: anthers in 1 long, green catkins Fruit: plum-like in shape, tan to orangish in color, seeds are foul smelling and only on female plants Landscape use: Excellent city tree or specimen for large areas History: Native range is eastern China; introduced in 1784 PestsProblems: None Significant Features: Exceptional vitality and handsome foliage; unique winter habit; magnificent yellow fall color, tolerant to air pollution

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7 – 9 Height: 60 – 80 Spread: 30 – 50 Habit: Densely pyramidal, low branching, stately, evergreen tree; some trees become as wide as tall Light: Best in sun or partial shade Soil: Rich, porous, acidic and well-drained soil Flowers: creamy white, wonderfully fragrant, 8 – 12” in diameter, flowering period is from May to June Fruit: cone-like with exposed red seeds Landscape use: Needs ample space to develop; use as screen, grouping, and hedge; characteristic of southern gardening heritage History: Native range is North Carolina to Florida and Texas; cultivated in 1734 PestsProblems: Essentially problem-free Significant Features: Low-lying branches, flower size and fragrance

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 8 Height: 70 – 100 with a maximum of 120 Spread: 65 – 80 Habit: In youth: pyramidal; At maturity: open, wide spreading, with massive branches Light: Best in full sun or very light shade Soil: Deep, rich, moist, well-drained soil preferable but will grow in almost any soil Flowers: inconspicuous Fruit: globular headed, 1 1/2 in diameter, 2, 3 or 6 together Landscape use: Acceptable for open areas, parks, golf courses, campuses, streets History: First record of tree was in 1663 when hybrid was growing in London; dominant street tree in London PestsProblems: Pests: borers, lacebug; Problems: canker, powdery mildew, frost cracking, anthracnose Significant Features: Very long lived; withstands worst city conditions; requires occasional cleanup of leaves, fruit and bark; easily transplanted

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 6 – 9 Height: 40 – 60 with a maximum of 120 Spread: 30 – 40 with a maximum of 90 – 100 Habit: Upright form with blue-green needles Light: Sun or partial shade Soil: Moist, well-drained, deep, loamy soil preferable but will tolerate sandy or clay soil Flowers: 2 – 3 long male cones; erect female cones in upper part of tree Fruit: 2 1/4 – 4 long, glaucous green cones Landscape use: Good specimen tree, especially when fully mature; allow ample room for development History: Native range is Algeria and Morocco on the Atlas Mountains; introduced before 1840 PestsProblems: Pests: black scale and deodar weevil; Problems: tip blight and root rot Significant Features: Bluish-green color, not as magnificent as the species

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 9 Height: 40 – 60 with a maximum of 90 – 100 Spread: 30 – 40 Habit: In youth: pyramidal; At maturity: dense oblong-oval to rounded crown at maturity Light: Best in full sun or partial shade Soil: Moist, well-drained acidic soil preferable, can adapt to very difficult habitats Flowers: inconspicuous Fruit: acorn with alternating brown and black bands Landscape use: Best oak for overall texture and form; splendid for avenue use and large area use such as commercial establishments, golf courses and parks History: Native range is New York to Florida, west to Missouri and Texas; introduced in 1723 PestsProblems: None serious Significant Features: Finer textured leaves than most oaks; relatively fast growing

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 6 – 9 Height: 20 – 30 with a maximum of 40 Spread: 2/3 height Habit: Distinctly upright, slightly spreading with large, coarse, thick stems Light: Full sun Soil: Any well-drained soil is suitable Flowers: yellow, clustered into groupings 12 – 24 high, 8 – 18 wide Fruit: 3-valved, pink to rose capsules; 1 – 2 long Landscape use: Excellent as a small lawn tree, patio shade tree, or street tree; good specimen tree where space is limited History: Native range is China; introduced in 1888 PestsProblems: None particularly serious although coral-spot fungus, leaf spot, canker, wilt and root rot can occur Significant Features: Beautiful, late-blooming, yellow flowers

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 9 Height: 20 – 30 with a maximum of 40 Spread: equal to or greater than height Habit: Semi-round top with horizontal branching; dense to fairly open; single or multi-trunked Light: Best in partial shade Soil: Well-drained, moderately fertile soil preferable Flowers: true flowers are inconspicuous surrounded by white to pink floral bracts 1 1/2 – 2 long Fruit: 1/3 long, glossy red drupe; 3 or more in a cluster Landscape use: Excellent for specimen planting near a patio or corners of houses; also good around other large buildings, in parks, or groupings History: Native range is Massachusetts to Florida, west to Ontario, Texas, and Mexico; cultivated in 1731 PestsProblems: Pests: dogwood borer; Problems: anthracnose Significant Features: Interesting horizontal branch structure; four-season character; develops thinner and more graceful habit in part shade rather than full sun

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 2 – 9 Height: 40 – 50 Spread: 8 – 20; Size is extremely variable Habit: In youth: densely pyramidal; At maturity: variable in wild from almost columnar to broadly pyramidal; slightly pendulous in old age Light: Best in full sun, tolerates shade only in extreme youth Soil: Deep, moist, well-drained loam preferable; tolerant of adverse soil conditions, poor gravelly soils, acidic and basic soils Flowers: greenish-yellow cones Fruit: globular or ovoid, 1/5 long cones Landscape use: Excellent specimen and mass if used with care in color combinations; useful for windbreaks, hedges and topiary work History: Native range is east and central North America, east of Rocky Mountains; introduced before 1664 PestsProblems: Pests: bagworms; Problems: cider apple rust Significant Features: Principle value of species is the rich smelling wood which is used for chests, closets, etc.

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7 – 9 Height: 30 – 75 Spread: 10 – 30 Habit: Pyramidal with slightly pendulous branches Light: Best in partial shade Soil: Moist, acidic, well-drained soil preferable Flowers: inconspicuous Fruit: ovoid grouped cones, 1 1/2 diameter Landscape use: May be used as a specimen and mass planting tree in warm areas History: Natural range is central and southern China; introduced in 1804 PestsProblems: None serious Significant Features: Appearance is somewhat exotic

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 9 Height: 50 – 60 with a maximum of 100 Spread: 20 – 30 Habit: Pyramidal or conical with a stout trunk and erect wide-spreading branches Light: Best in full sun Soil: Rich, deep, lightly permeable, acidic, moist soil preferable Flowers: anthers in inconspicuous axillary clusters Fruit: 1/2 – 1 , dark brown terminal cones Landscape use: Graceful and stately specimen tree; useful for avenues History: Native range is China and Japan; introduced in 1861 PestsProblems: Problems: leaf blight, leaf spot, branch dieback Significant Features: Fast growth rate; shedding, cedar-like bark

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 8 Height: 20 – 30 Spread: Equal to height Habit: In youth: vase-shaped; At maturity: rounded appearance with distinct horizontal branching pattern Light: Best in sun or partial shade Soil: Well-drained moderately fertile soil preferable Flowers: inconspicuous, surrounded by large pointed, white bracts 1 1/2 to 2 long Fruit: pinkish-red, raspberry-like fruit, 1/2 – 1 diameter Landscape use: Useful as specimen tree or accent in background; excellent border or hedge for large areas, attractive against large evergreens History: Native range is Massachusetts to Florida, west to Ontario, Texas, and Mexico; cultivated in 1731 PestsProblems: None serious Significant Features: Interesting horizontal branch structure; blooms after leaves appear; develops exfoliating bark characteristics with age

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 3 – 9 Height: 50 – 70 with maximum of 100 – 120 Spread: 40 – 60 Habit: Upright oval shape with a short trunk and wide-spreading crown; slow growth rate Light: Best in full sun to partial shade Soil: Moist, well-drained, acidic soil preferable, does not withstand wet or compacted soil Flowers: inconspicuous, in April to early May Fruit: edible three-winged nut with prickly shell Landscape use: Beautiful native tree restricted to large area use; excellent for background and framing, well-suited for parks, golf courses, and other public areas where strong, long-lived trees are needed History: Native range is New Brunswick to Ontario, south to Florida and Texas; introduced 1800 PestsProblems: Pests: bark aphid, wood borer, beech scale Problems: powdery mildew, leaf spots, bleeding cankers (none very serious) Significant Features: Provides winter interest with light brown leaves persisting until new growth in spring; edible fruit, shallow root system

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 8 Height: 40 – 45 Spread: 20 – 25 Habit: Pyramidal to broad pyramidal in outline Light: Full Sun Soil: Very adaptable to different soils Flowers: white; 3/8 – 3/4 across; borne in clusters; spring flowering period Fruit: small, round, 1/2 across; not ornamental Landscape use: Good lawn tree; good color impact in spring; has been used for mass plantings History: Selected in 1969 by William T. Straw, Carlisle Nursery, Independence, KY PestsProblems: susceptible to fireblight Significant Features: Tolerates dryness; white spring flowers; fast growth rate

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7 – 8 Height: possibly 20 Spread: 10 Habit: Large, dense, shrub-like form lacking central leader Light: Best in sun or partial shade Soil: Rich, porous, acidic and well-drained soil Flowers: creamy white, wonderfully fragrant, 3 – 4 in diameter; flowers continually throughout summer; Fruit: cone-like with exposed red seeds Landscape use: Makes a good medium sized screen or hedge plant, one of the best for smaller properties History: Introduced by Monrovia Nurseries; selected by Warren Steed Nursery, Candor, NC PestsProblems: Essentially problem-free Significant Features: Small, lustrous, dark green leaves with bronzy-brown undersides and small, fragrant flowers; long flowering period

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 6 – 9 Height: 25 – 30 Spread: Habit: Loosely pyramidal Light: Full sun to partial shade Soil: Moist, well-drained soil Flowers: cream to white Fruit: large, fluorescent red berries Landscape use: Good for barriers or as a specimen holly; not recommended for small spaces History: Represents one of a group of interspecific hybrids; selected clones known as Foster #1 – 5 made by E.E. Foster of Bessemer, AL PestsProblems: Pests: scale; Problems: requires more nitrogen than other hollies due to heavy fruiting; leaf spot, canker, dieback Significant Features: Heavy production of red berries; light green foliage which may yellow during berry production

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 9 Height: Parent tree is presently 75 tall Spread: 18 across Habit: Narrow pyramidal Light: Best in sunny locations Soil: Best growth in deep, fine, sandy loams with plenty of moisture and moderately good drainage; acid soil preferable Flowers: Cones: male cone spherical in 4 – 5 long panicles; has pistillate cones in March – April Fruit: short, stalked cones about 1 in diameter, green to purple when young and brown at maturity Landscape use: Excellent street tree and single specimen possibilities History: Native range is Delaware to Florida, west to southern Illinois, Missouri, Arkansas and Louisiana; introduced 1640 PestsProblems: Pests: twig blight, cypress moth, spider mites, gall forming mites; Problems: wood decay Significant Features: Attractive reddish brown, fibrous bark; strongly buttressed trunk in wet areas; “cypress knees” only occur when grown in fluctuating water

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 8 Height: 15 – 20 Spread: equal to or greater than height Habit: Small, round-headed tree Light: Part shade Soil: Well-drained, moist soil with high organic matter Flowers: small, red to purple; May to June Fruit: 1/2 to 3/4 inch long red, winged fruit Landscape use: Beautiful tree for small gardens and terraces, gives an artistic touch to small landscape areas; many varieties useful as specimens or accent plants in borders and rock gardens History: Native range of Japanese Maple is Japan, China, and Korea; introduced to England in 1820; long cultivated by the Japanese PestsProblems: Very few; botrytis in high humidity Significant Features: Best for deep reddish purple leaf color retention; excellent red fall color and beautiful red fruits; slow growth rate

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7 - 9 Height: 23 to 33 Spread: about 20 Habit: Upright, multi-stemmed, small tree Light: Best in full sun Soil: Moist, well-drained soil preferable Flowers: 6-petaled (crinkled), in pure white clusters, 6 – 12 long by 4 – 7 1/2 wide (July – September) Fruit: 6 valved capsule, 1/2 wide persisting through winter Landscape use: Handsome specimen shrub or tree; may be used in groups and underplanted with ground covers to accent bark; may also be used for hedges, screens, and masses History: Native range is China and Korea; introduced in 1747 PestsProblems: Pests: aphid, Florida wax scale; Problems: black spot, sooty mold, tip blight, leaf spot, root rot Significant Features: Dark green foliage turning orange to russet in autumn; chestnut brown, exfoliating cinnamon brown bark; mildew resistant

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7 – 9 Height: about 16 Spread: about 8 1/2 Habit: Upright, multi-stemmed, small tree Light: Best in full sun Soil: Moist, well-drained soil preferable Flowers: 6-petaled (crinkled), dark pink clusters, 5­1/2 – 9 1/2 long by 4 – 9 1/2 wide (July – September) Fruit: 6 valved capsule, 1/2 wide persisting through winter Landscape use: Handsome specimen shrub or tree; may be used in groups and underplanted with ground covers to accent bark; may also be used for hedges, screens, and masses History: Native range is China and Korea; introduced in 1747 PestsProblems: Pests: aphid, Florida wax scale; Problems: black spot, sooty mold, tip blight, leaf spot, root rot Significant Features: Dark green foliage turning orange to russet in autumn; chestnut brown, exfoliating cinnamon brown bark; mildew resistant

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7-9 Height: about 16 Spread: about 8 1/2 Habit: Strongly upright form resembling 'Hasse' magnolia in outline Light: Best is sun or partial shade Soil: Rich, porous, acidic and well-drained soil Flowers: creamy white, beautifully fragrant, 8 – 12 in diameter, flowering period is from May to June Fruit: cone-like with exposed red seeds Landscape use: Excellent screen or lawn tree History: Seedling of ‘Hasse’; parent tree is 21 in height by 8 wide; introduced by Tree Introductions, Inc., Athens, GA PestsProblems: Essentially problem free Significant Features: Low-lying branches; flower size and fragrance; lustrous, dark green, lanceolate leaves

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 8 Height: 20 – 25 Spread: 18 – 22 Habit: Upright with numerous small, twig-like stems Light: Part shade Soil: Well-drained, moist soil with high organic matter Flowers: small red-tinged to purple; May to June Fruit: 1/2 to 3/4 inch long red winged fruit Landscape use: Beautiful tree for small gardens and terraces, gives an artistic touch to small landscape areas History: Common cultivar; Japanese maple’s native range is Japan, China, and Korea; introduced to England in 1820; long cultivated by the Japanese PestsProblems: few; botrytis in high humidity Significant Features: Brilliant coral fall and winter color of young stems; color is lost as branches mature; new leaves are reddish tinged, become light green in summer and yellow-gold with red overtones in fall

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7 – 9 Height: 6 – 10 with a maximum of 30 Spread: same as height Habit: Irregularly rounded evergreen shrub; upright vase shape in maturity Light: Full sun to shade Soil: Moist, well-drained, acidic soil high in organic matter Flowers: fragrant, cream to white 4-petaled flowers in groups of 3 – 6 Fruit: woody, ovoid, nut-like capsule Landscape use: Excellent for borders, screens, foundations; good as specimen tree or in groupings History: Native range is China and Japan; introduced in 1880 PestsProblems: None serious Significant Features: Fragrant flowers; lustrous, dark green leaves

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7 – 8 Height: around 50 Spread: around 30 Habit: Pyramidal Light: Best in sun or partial shade Soil: Well-drained, somewhat dry, moderately fertile soil Flowers: Cones: male – finger shaped cones very densely set, more numerous on lower portion of tree; female – stout, erect cones initially purple in color and found in upper portion of tree Fruit: seeds in 4 long upright cones found on upper side of branches, green while developing, finally brown Landscape use: Excellent specimen evergreen because of graceful and pendulous habit; use as specimen tree or screen in large scale areas History: Native range of deodar cedar is the Himalayan Mountains from east Afghanistan to Garwhal; introduced in 1831 PestsProblems: Pests: borers; Problems: top dieback due to canker and/or cold Significant Features: Rapid growth rate; lower limbs may touch ground; striking bluish-green color captures attention

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7 – 9 Height: 20 Spread: 3/4 height Habit: Broad, densely pyramidal to oval Light: Best in full to partial sun Soil: Moist, well-drained soil Flowers: small, creamy-yellow Fruit: green berry-like drupes turning red in winter Landscape use: Good for barriers or as a specimen holly; not recommended for small spaces History: Introduced by Mr. Don Shadow, Winchester, TN PestsProblems: Pests: scale; Problems: requires more nitrogen than other hollies due to heavy fruiting, leaf spots, cankers, die backs Significant Features: Beautiful red berry-like drupes in winter; prickly leaves

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 9 Height: 60 – 100 Spread: 50 – 75 Habit: Upright and semi-conical Light: Best in sun or partial shade Soil: Deep, moist, slightly acidic soil preferable Flowers: inconspicuous Fruit: 1 diameter, round and prickly Landscape use: Excellent lawn, park, or street tree but needs larger area for root development; most useful for shade, framing, or background in large areas History: Native range is Connecticut, south to New York to Florida, southern Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, to Texas and Mexico; introduced 1681 PestsProblems: Pests: sweetgum webworm, caterpillars, cottony-cushion scale, sweetgum scale, walnut scale; Problems: leaf spot, iron chlorosis in high pH soils Significant Features: Attractive all year; fruit causes troublesome litter in fall and winter; twigs frequently winged with cork

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 6 – 9 Height: 40 – 60 Spread: 30 – 40 Habit: Rounded pyramidal Light: Best in full sun Soil: No special soil requirements Flowers: hanging catkins Fruit: short-stalked, 1/2 long, round acorn Landscape use: Used as a street tree in many cities in the South; good choice for residential landscapes History: Native range is Coastal Plain and Piedmont from southern New Jersey to Florida, east to Texas and southeast Arkansas PestsProblems: None Significant Features: Rapid growth rate; may not lose all leaves in the South

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 8 – 10 Height: 40 – 80 Spread: 60 – 100 Habit: Short trunk; crown very wide-spreading with horizontal branching Light: Best in full sun or partial shade Soil: Best in moist, well-drained soils with high organic content Flowers: inconspicuous hanging catkins Fruit: acorn 1 long Landscape use: Magnificent shade tree, great for streets, golf courses and campuses. Not suitable for small areas History: Native range is Virginia to Florida, west to Mexico;introduced 1739 PestsProblems: Pests: gall insects; Problems: root rot in coastal areas Significant Features: May be trained to multiple trunk growth; one of the few evergreen oaks; slow growth rate; tolerant of wind-borne salt spray; strong wood

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7 – 8 (9) Height: 40 – 70 but has been known to reach 150 – 200 Spread: maximum of 150 Habit: In youth: broadly pyramidal; At maturity: wide-spreading and flat topped Light: Best in sun or partial shade Soil: Well-drained, somewhat dry, moderately fertile soil Flowers: Cones: male – finger-shaped cones, very densely set, more numerous on lower portion of tree; female – stout, erect cones initially purple in color and found in upper portion of tree; Fruit: 4 long, upright cones found on upper side of branches, green while developing, finally brown Landscape use: Excellent evergreen specimen tree also used as a screen in large scale areas History: Native range is Himalayan Mountains from east Afghanistan to Garwhal; introduced 1831 PestsProblems: Pests: borers Significant Features: Rapid growth rate; lower limbs may touch ground

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 9 Height: usually 30 – 50 , rarely to over 100 Spread: 20 – 30 Habit: In youth: pyramidal with dense branching; At maturity: irregularly rounded or flat-topped with horizontal branches Light: Best in sun or partial shade Soil: Well-drained, acidic soil, but can be found growing wild in dry or less commonly moist soils Flowers: Flowers and fruit are inconspicuous Fruit: Flowers and fruit are inconspicuous Landscape use: Specimen or shade tree or for naturalizing in groves History: Native range is Maine, Ontario, Michigan to Florida and Texas; introduced before 1750 PestsProblems: Difficult to transplant because of taproot Significant Features: A most beautiful native tree in leaf – lustrous, dark green above during the growing season changing to brilliant yellow to orange to scarlet to purple colors in the fall

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 9 Height: 20 – 25 with a maximum of 30 – 35 Spread: approaches height Habit: Distinctly oval-rounded to rounded outline; multiple and low branching Light: Best in full sun Soil: Acidic, well-drained soil preferable Flowers: greenish-yellow, inconspicuous Fruit: winged fruit Landscape use: Very handsome small patio, lawn or street tree History: Native range is China; cultivated 1890 PestsProblems: None serious Significant Features: Yellow, orange and red fall colors

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 9 Height: 20 – 30 Spread: Spread: often same as height; In youth: distinctly upright and often multi-stemmed Habit: At maturity: large, spreadin shrub or small, low-branched tree with wide-spreading branches forming a pyramidal to rounded outline Light: Best in full sun Soil: Deep, moist, acidic soil preferable; supplement with peat moss Flowers: white to pink to purplish, 5 – 10 in diameter; in March – April Fruit: aggregate of follicles, 4 long; in August – September Landscape use: Good small specimen tree; can use in groupings near large buildings or in large tree lawns History: The original hybrid was raised in the garden of Soulange-Bodin at Fromont, France from seed borne by M. denudata fertilized by pollen of M. liliiflora PestsProblems: Pests: magnolia scale, tuliptree scale, other scales; Problems: black mildews, leaf blight, leaf spots, dieback, nectria canker, leaf scab, wood decay Significant Features: Good pollution tolerance; unbelievable variation in flower size, color, form, growth habit and cold hardiness

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 8 Height: 70 – 100 ; with maximum of 120 Spread: 25 Habit: Pyramidal, conical, with a single straight trunk in youth; develops a broad, rounded crown with age Light: Best in full sun Soil: Moist, deep, well-drained, slightly acidic soils preferable Flowers: anther clusters inconspicuous Fruit: round or cylindrical cones, pendulous on long stalks Landscape use: Excellent ornamental tree for golf courses, parks and other large areas; very suitable for screens and group plantings; can be used for lining long drives or streets History: Native of eastern Szechuan and western Hupeh, China; introduced 1947 – 1948 PestsProblems: Pests: Japanese beetle; Problems: canker infestation Significant Features: Species is nearly 50 million years old; amazingly fast growing; great rusty brown fall color