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The marriage age in the United States is set by each state and territory, either by statute or the common law applies. An individual can marry in the United States as of right, without parental consent or other authorization, on reaching 18 years of age (and used to be 21 years of age before 1971) as that is the age of majority, in all states except in Nebraska, where the general marriage age is 19 as that is the age of majority and Mississippi, where the general marriage age is 21 as that is the age of majority. In Alabama, however, the age of majority is 19, while the general marriage age is 18. The minimum marriage age was 12 years for females and 14 years for males under English civil law that applied until 1753. By default, these provisions became the minimum marriage ages in colonial America. English common law inherited from the British remained in force in America unless and until a specific state enacted a law to replace it. In the United States, as in most developed countries, age restrictions have been revised upward so that they were, as at August, 2010, between 15 and 21 years. Until 1971, approximately 80% of states specified an age of 18 for marriage without parental consent for women, and approximately 85% specified an age of 21 for men. When at least one of the marriage partners is under 18–21 years of age, the marriage is considered underage and requires parental consent and/or judicial authorization. Also, adolescents can marry with "exceptional circumstances”. In many states (but not in Massachusetts), a minor's marriage automatically emancipates the minor, or increases his or her legal rights beyond allowing the minor to consent to certain medical treatments. In all but four states, couples are allowed to marry at a younger age with parental consent and/or with judicial authorization, with the minimum marriage age, when all exemptions are taken into account, ranging from 15 to 17. The states which ban marriage under 18 years old completely are Delaware, New Jersey, Minnesota, and Pennsylvania. In nine other states, a person over 21 years old can not marry a person under 18 years old. Officers from the UK Border Agency lead away the would-be bride in an operation to prevent a suspected sham marriage. A sham marriage or fake marriage is a marriage of convenience entered into without intending to create a real marital relationship. This is usually for the purpose of gaining an advantage from the marriage. Definitions of sham marriage vary by jurisdiction but are often related to immigration. The essential point in the varying definitions is whether the couple intend to live in a real marital relationship, to establish a life together. A typical definition by the UK Home Office in 2015: "A sham marriage or civil partnership is one where the relationship is not genuine but one party hopes to gain an immigration advantage from it. There is no subsisting relationship, dependency, or intent to live as husband and wife or civil partners." While referred to as a "sham" or "fake" because of its motivation, the union itself is legally valid if it conforms to the formal legal requirements for marriage in the jurisdiction. Arranging or entering into such a marriage to deceive public officials is in itself a violation of the law of some countries, for example the United States. After a period, couples often divorce if there is no purpose in remaining married. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/law-school/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/law-school/support
Ian is an ex-police officer who dealt with incidents where young people with additional needs were involved. He saw how a lack of understanding on both sides could often turn difficult situations into highly stressful experiences for everyone. Sometimes figures of authority lack experience in dealing with people with additional needs. Similarly, people with additional needs lack experience dealing with people in authority. This can be a huge problem in testing situations, when tensions are high. The answer, according to Ian, is education on both sides. He talks about how important it is for a young person or their parents/carers to explain why they are behaving in a particular way. He provides advice on how to get rid of the unease, and sometimes even fear, that young people with additional needs have of anyone in authority. Ian also gives tactics you can use to make future encounters with anyone in authority a positive experience for everyone. Ian speaks from experience. He was a police officer of 34 years of standing and has experience with the UK Border Agency. He is also a parent to a child with additional needs. He reminds us that if our young people need help in the future, it might well be the police they turn to. If they fear the police, then their request for help might not be received quite so well. Visit www.journeyskills.com for more information and resources to help lead your child with additional needs toward greater independence.
An applicant for a student visa fails to provide all of the financial information sought. Should the UK Border Agency have contacted him to seek the information, or simply - as it did - rejected the application? The instructions to the applicant were not clear, and the instructions to the caseworker suggested a certain flexibility. What did the UK Supreme Court think?
Tim Finch of the Institute of Public Policy Research asks if it is time for a fundamental rethink of the way we deal with refugees. He investigates the history of asylum as a political issue, the way asylum policy is implemented in the UK today, and discusses various views on how refugees could be handled in the future. Our current system was introduced in the early 2000s in response to public anger over allegations of bogus asylum seekers. Earlier this year responsibility for assessing asylum claims was removed from the UK Border Agency to the Home Office, amidst claims that the system was not fit for purpose. Why does asylum continue to be such a vexed issue? CONTRIBUTORS Tua Fesefese, currently seeking asylum in the UK David Blunkett MP, Home Secretary 2001 - 4 Zrinka Bralo, Executive Director of the Migrant And Refugee Community Forum Oskar Ekblad, Head of Resettlement at the Swedish Migration Board Mark Harper, MP for Forest of Dean and Immigration Minister 2012 - 14 Roland Schilling, United Nations High Commission for Refugees Representative to the UK Rob Whiteman, Director General of the UK Border Agency 2011 - 13 Producer: Luke Mulhall.
Public Seminar Series, Hilary term 2014. Seminar by Professor Gregor Noll (Lund University) recorded on 5 March 2014 at the Oxford Department of International Development, University of Oxford. Asylum applications by young persons may raise the question whether the applicant is a minor or not. Being a minor offers advantages in the asylum procedure, such as access to procedural benefits and safeguards, the exemption from removal to other EU Member States under the Dublin Regulation, and a much higher likelihood of being granted protection as an ‘unaccompanied minor'. Host states are interested in limiting the group to which those advantages apply so as to minimise costs and to avoid what has been termed ‘pull effects' on future asylum seekers. In cases where applicants arrive without documents, or hold documents deemed unreliable, there are no formal or historical sources that may alleviate or confirm this doubt. So decision takers speculate on what age the applicant's biological or intellectual development might indicate. Frequently, they resort to medical age assessments in such situations.In this seminar, Professor Noll pursues the question of how skeletal x-ray images are translated into medical and legal knowledge and what role aesthetic judgment plays in this translation. He focuses in particular on the interplay between law and medicine in this translation process.
The Poet and Reggae star, Benjamin Zephaniah, wrote an article in The Guardian saying anyone who attended the San Fermin Festival of the Running of the Bulls in Pamplona in Northern Spain would have blood on their hands. Yesterday, dozens were injured following a horrific pile-up at the infamous Spanish bull running festival. One Irish victim is suffering from traumatic asphyxia caused by crushing. Runners taking part in the San Fermin festival in Pamplona were trampled on in a massive crush as the animals they were fleeing from tried to climb over them from behind. A Spanish man was said be "very gravely ill" with serious internal injuries after his chest was crushed. UK MPs have revealed it will take 37 YEARS to clear a new backlog of half a million immigration cases. The Home Affairs Select Committee said it is “staggering” that 502,462 applications are still outstanding. The devastating verdict comes in an inquiry into the failed UK Border Agency, which has now been scrapped and broken up. The scandal plunges border bosses back to the dark days of the 1990s when a secret backlog of 460,500 asylum cases built up. The number of foreign offenders living in the UK awaiting deportation also rose last year to 4,102 THE heartbroken parents of a trainee doctor who died at a notorious seaside resort have blamed their son’s death on Britain’s binge-drinking culture. Tim and Jeane Doy told an inquest 26-year-old Oliver would still be alive if bar staff had refused to serve him more booze. Most of the reaction to the story seems to show that the readers feel it was his own fault and being a trainee doctor he should have known better. Finally, to lighten the podcast a milkman in the UK has been banned from whistling on his rounds and a lollipop man has been banned from giving 'high fives' to the children as he helps them cross the road outside their primary school......
The Poet and Reggae star, Benjamin Zephaniah, wrote an article in The Guardian saying anyone who attended the San Fermin Festival of the Running of the Bulls in Pamplona in Northern Spain would have blood on their hands. Yesterday, dozens were injured following a horrific pile-up at the infamous Spanish bull running festival. One Irish victim is suffering from traumatic asphyxia caused by crushing. Runners taking part in the San Fermin festival in Pamplona were trampled on in a massive crush as the animals they were fleeing from tried to climb over them from behind. A Spanish man was said be "very gravely ill" with serious internal injuries after his chest was crushed. UK MPs have revealed it will take 37 YEARS to clear a new backlog of half a million immigration cases. The Home Affairs Select Committee said it is “staggering” that 502,462 applications are still outstanding. The devastating verdict comes in an inquiry into the failed UK Border Agency, which has now been scrapped and broken up. The scandal plunges border bosses back to the dark days of the 1990s when a secret backlog of 460,500 asylum cases built up. The number of foreign offenders living in the UK awaiting deportation also rose last year to 4,102 THE heartbroken parents of a trainee doctor who died at a notorious seaside resort have blamed their son’s death on Britain’s binge-drinking culture. Tim and Jeane Doy told an inquest 26-year-old Oliver would still be alive if bar staff had refused to serve him more booze. Most of the reaction to the story seems to show that the readers feel it was his own fault and being a trainee doctor he should have known better. Finally, to lighten the podcast a milkman in the UK has been banned from whistling on his rounds and a lollipop man has been banned from giving 'high fives' to the children as he helps them cross the road outside their primary school......
Ruth Padel reads poems and prose from her book The Mara Crossing on images of migration In this podcast Ruth Padel reads poems and prose from her book The Mara Crossing on images of migration from cells in our body to the UK Border Agency and British strategies for detention and forced deportation. Her central image the crossing of the crocodile-filled Mara River by thousands of wildebeest at the end of the longest mammal migration, becomes an image for the struggle of all migrants.
Foreign nationals are making a full-time living by illegitimately selling same-day visa appointments because of long-standing problems with the UK Border Agency's online booking system. People wanting to take advantage of the premium same-day service to extend or renew their existing visas are resorting to buying appointments from unofficial agents operating from abroad. The costs can escalate to four times the price of an original appointment when individuals book through a Uk-based immigration specialist.
The UK Border Agency recently revoked London Metropolitan University's licence to sponsor overseas students, meaning that it can no longer recruit or continue to teach current students. According to the Government, the UKBA found systemic failings in the way the university managed its records. It found that many students did not have permission to study in the UK, did not have the correct English language or academic qualifications, while in other cases there was not enough evidence students were attending their courses. London Met on the other hand does not recognise these problems, and is taking legal against the UKBA's decision. Wesley Stephenson asks why the licence was revoked. Has London Met been lax in its recruitment and monitoring of students, or has it fallen victim of a complicated visa system? Why did the UKBA act now? Was there overwhelming evidence of systemic failings, or was there political pressure to take tough action?
The Olympic Games have begun and the wonderful Opening ceremony is the first part of today's show. First, we looked at the failure of the cyclists who had just won the Tour de France. From then on in a theme emerged with money being at the root of all evil. The world's gone bananas! This is about the EU sending help to the banana growers in Barbados. Then there's always somebody at the top being paid huge money for incompetence. This week it's the ex- chief of the UK Border Agency.
The Olympic Games have begun and the wonderful Opening ceremony is the first part of today's show. First, we looked at the failure of the cyclists who had just won the Tour de France. From then on in a theme emerged with money being at the root of all evil. The world's gone bananas! This is about the EU sending help to the banana growers in Barbados. Then there's always somebody at the top being paid huge money for incompetence. This week it's the ex- chief of the UK Border Agency.
Border guards and other Home Office staff are due to strike today (July 26th) in protest at staff cuts, pay and privatisation. The move has been condemned by the government who say the action by workers in the Border Force is designed to cause maximum disruption on the eve of the Olympics. Around 120,000 passengers are expected through Heathrow on Thursday alone. The Report examines the reasons behind the strike. Unions say the drive to ensure no queues at Heathrow has come at a cost. They point out the UK Border Agency and Border Force has cut a thousand more jobs than planned and staff are being drafted in from other areas to ensure immigration desks are fully manned. But they complain these staff aren't fully trained and security is being jeopardised. Adrian Goldberg also investigates concerns that UKBA is not doing enough to trace and deport many people who should not be in the country.
It seems barely a day goes by without further damaging revelations about the UK Border Agency, the organisation which oversees Britain's immigration and customs operation. The recent disclosure that security checks were lowered at UK ports, allegedly without ministerial consent, cost Brodie Clark, former head of the Border Agency, his job. But behind the headlines, what is really going on in immigration halls up and down the land? In this week's The Report, Simon Cox investigates the under fire UK Border Agency. Can the public have confidence that it is now being run and managed properly? Are British ports now safe and secure?