Podcasts about France

Celebrity, campaigner, national treasure... spy. This year, Josephine Baker's memoirs have been made available in English for the first time. The University of Cardiff's Prof. Hanna Diamond tells Morgan Childs more about the extraordinary life of a showbiz spy in wartime France. From SPYSCAPE, the HQ of secrets. A Cup And Nuzzle production. Series producer: Joe Foley. Produced by Morgan Childs. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Jimbo's got Julien Laurens, Seb Stafford-Bloor, Pol Ballús and Italian expert Max Callegari alongside him to recap all the latest action from across the continent.  Fresh off the back of last week's thrilling Champions League quarterfinals - it's back to domestic matters - but with a nod to the small matter of Arsenal v PSG and Barcelona v Inter just around the corner…  Back in Serie A, Napoli moved level on points with Inter at the top of the table after the Nerazzurri were beaten 1-0 by a stunning goal from substitute Riccardo Orsolini. So, could we be heading towards a play-off to decide who takes the Scudetto?! In Spain, Barcelona and Real Madrid scored dramatic stoppage-time winners to keep the La Liga title race alive ahead of Saturday's Copa del Rey final between the two. No such luck for Atleti though, who saw their slim title hopes dashed courtesy of a late defeat at the hands of our favourites Las Palmas.  Over in France, it's all eyes on Arsenal for PSG as they continued their march to an unbeaten league season with a 2-1 win at Le Havre. Marseille put five past Montpellier to take back second place from Monaco - but it's their plans for the rest of the campaign which have raised a few eyebrows…  And in Germany, the Bundesliga title race is all but over as Bayern Munich thrashed Heidenheim 4-0 to move eight points clear after Leverkusen were held at St Pauli. But could Xavi Alonso's focus be elsewhere with links to the Real Madrid job growing stronger? Produced by Lucy Oliva. RUNNING ORDER:  • PART 1: Moments of the weekend - well, four French moments of the weekend (00.45) • PART 2: Serie A review - Orsolini stuns Inter as Napoli move level on points (06.30) • PART 3: Ligue 1 review - PSG prepare for Arsenal and Marseille head to… Rome?! (18.00) • PART 4: La Liga review - Raphinha and Valverde bag dramatic late winners (32.50) • PART 5: Bundesliga review - Bayern all but champions as Dortmund's resurgence continues (45.45) Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The people of Le Chambon, France risked everything to help save the lives of as many as 5,000 individuals, many of them Jewish children, during the Nazi occupation. The refugees fleeing their homes were hidden in the community’s homes and farms. The townspeople were inspired by pastor André Trocmé, who called on his congregation to help by referencing the words of Deuteronomy 10:19, “You are to love those who are foreigners, for you yourselves were foreigners in Egypt.” This command given to the Israelites comes in a passage that begins with the reminder that the whole earth belongs to God, who is “mighty and awesome” (v. 17). Yet God chose to love the Israelites (v. 15). He also cares for people in vulnerable or unfamiliar situations (v. 18), including foreigners who weren’t part of the nation of Israel. As the Israelites settled in their new home, they were to imitate God’s love and care for those needing help, especially because they knew the unique struggles of being a foreigner (v. 19). If we’ve been at a job a long time or lived in the same home for several years, God may give us the opportunity to show kindness to someone who feels like a “foreigner,” perhaps by providing helpful advice to a new coworker or assistance to a recently relocated family. When we do, we demonstrate God’s love to those in unfamiliar, and often vulnerable, situations.

Our guest this week is Melissa Larson from Thousand Hills Lifetime Grazed. She is part of a ranching cooperative that practices regenerative agriculture. Regenerative agriculture works to rebuild the soil on ranches and farms by honoring the natural rhythms and systems of nature. We also have a lot to say about the role the consumer plays in regenerative agriculture when deciding what to purchase and where.  You can find out more about Thousand Hills here: https://thousandhillslifetimegrazed.com/ Pour Moi Climate Smart Skincare –– We both use and love Pour Moi. It's affordable luxury skincare from France. It's unlike any skincare line in the world – and so are the results. Use code 20SPRING for an extra 20% off almost everything in the Pour Moi store online! https://shop.pourmoiskincare.com/ Connect with Us! Our Website: https://www.besttothenest.com/ On Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/besttothenest?utm_source=ig_web_button_share_sheet&igsh=ZDNlZDc0MzIxNw== Our Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/1088997968155776/ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

The world shifting under our feet and US financial markets remain in turmoil. We explore whether Trump's economic war with China is backfiring, and might push Europe closer to Beijing, not Washington. We detail a likley monetary scenario for the US over the coming months which will be the backdrop to any geo-political moves. For example, could France, weighed down by debt, turn to China as creditor? Are we entering a new global “Great Game,” where America's threats drive its allies into the arms of its rivals? If Europe stops financing the U.S. bond market, what happens next? A podcast on grand strategy, with a few French wines, altar boy memories, and Machiavellian moves along the way. Join the gang! https://plus.acast.com/s/the-david-mcwilliams-podcast. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In this raw and powerful episode, Lesley sits down with food freedom coach Sabrina Magnan to unpack the messy, beautiful work of shifting perfectionism, intuitive eating, and manifesting a life aligned with your values. From a disordered past shaped by competitive sports and diet culture, Sabrina opens up about the turning point that changed everything—her summer in Italy. Immersed in a culture that celebrated food, presence, and connection, she began to release the rigid beliefs she held around food and her body—an inspiring journey that will shift your mindset about diet. If you have any questions about this episode or want to get some of the resources we mentioned, head over to LesleyLogan.co/podcast. If you have any comments or questions about the Be It pod shoot us a message at beit@lesleylogan.co.And as always, if you're enjoying the show please share it with someone who you think would enjoy it as well. It is your continued support that will help us continue to help others. Thank you so much! Never miss another show by subscribing at LesleyLogan.co/subscribe.In this episode you will learn about:How disordered eating distorted her sense of identity and self-worth.What intuitive eating really means and why it's about more than hunger cues.How journaling and scripting became pivotal tools in her personal growth.What it means to rewire your self-talk with a two-column journaling exercise.Why supporting your nervous system makes mindset shifts feel sustainable.Episode References/Links:Live Unrestricted Podcast - https://sabrinamagnan.comSabrina Magnan Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/sabrina.magnan.healthFood Freedom Academy - https://sabrinamagnan.com/ffaGuest Bio:Sabrina Magnan is a food freedom and intuitive eating coach who helps women heal their relationship with food and their bodies. A former synchronized swimmer, Sabrina struggled with perfectionism and disordered eating before discovering intuitive eating and mindset work as tools for true transformation. Her turning point came during a summer in Italy, where she began to let go of food rules and embrace self-trust. Now, through her coaching program and podcast Live Unrestricted, she guides others to release food guilt, rewire negative self-talk, and shift long-held beliefs using practical tools like journaling, scripting, and nervous system support. Her mission is to help women feel safe in their bodies and live with more presence, joy, and freedom. If you enjoyed this episode, make sure and give us a five star rating and leave us a review on iTunes, Podcast Addict, Podchaser or Castbox. https://lovethepodcast.com/BITYSIDEALS! DEALS! DEALS! DEALS! https://onlinepilatesclasses.com/memberships/perks/#equipmentCheck out all our Preferred Vendors & Special Deals from Clair Sparrow, Sensate, Lyfefuel BeeKeeper's Naturals, Sauna Space, HigherDose, AG1 and ToeSox https://onlinepilatesclasses.com/memberships/perks/#equipmentBe in the know with all the workshops at OPC https://workshops.onlinepilatesclasses.com/lp-workshop-waitlistBe It Till You See It Podcast Survey https://pod.lesleylogan.co/be-it-podcasts-surveyBe a part of Lesley's Pilates Mentorship https://lesleylogan.co/elevate/FREE Ditching Busy Webinar https://ditchingbusy.com/ Resources:·        Watch the Be It Till You See It podcast on YouTube! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCq08HES7xLMvVa3Fy5DR8-g·        Lesley Logan website https://lesleylogan.co/·        Be It Till You See It Podcast https://lesleylogan.co/podcast/·        Online Pilates Classes by Lesley Logan https://onlinepilatesclasses.com/·        Online Pilates Classes by Lesley Logan on YouTube https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCjogqXLnfyhS5VlU4rdzlnQ·        Profitable Pilates https://profitablepilates.com/about/ Follow Us on Social Media:·        Instagram https://www.instagram.com/lesley.logan/·        The Be It Till You See It Podcast YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCq08HES7xLMvVa3Fy5DR8-g·        Facebook https://www.facebook.com/llogan.pilates·        LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/lesley-logan/·        The OPC YouTube Channel https://www.youtube.com/@OnlinePilatesClasses Episode Transcript:Sabrina Magnan 0:00  It's really hard to give other people what you don't have for yourself, and so I had a really hard time connecting with people. I had a hard time even knowing who I really am, what my values are, what do I want to do with my life? Because I thought that if I look a certain way, like my entire life revolved around if I can look a certain way, and if I can be perfect around food and perfect around exercise, that I'm finally going to feel like I'm enough. Lesley Logan 0:32  Welcome to the Be It Till You See It podcast where we talk about taking messy action, knowing that perfect is boring. I'm Lesley Logan, Pilates instructor and fitness business coach. I've trained thousands of people around the world and the number one thing I see stopping people from achieving anything is self-doubt. My friends, action brings clarity and it's the antidote to fear. Each week, my guest will bring bold, executable, intrinsic and targeted steps that you can use to put yourself first and Be It Till You See It. It's a practice, not a perfect. Let's get started.Lesley Logan 1:15  Hello, Be It babe. Welcome back to another interview for the Be It Till You See It podcast. I'm just loving I get to talk to so many amazing people because you listen to this podcast. So I just want to say thanks, because it's really fun for me. I'm assuming it's fun for you because you're listening. Today, our guest is Sabrina Magnan and she is so fun. We have a really great conversation that kind of goes through how she got to doing what she's doing, which is like focusing on helping others with emotional eating, but also we talk about manifesting, and like how she manifested the person she's with now, and what she's manifesting next, and so it's just a really fun conversation that I think we can all resonate with in different aspects. And also, if emotional eating is something that you are understanding about yourself. I do think that there's going to be some really great points in here that help you feel like you're not alone. And if you're not, then get all the manifestation out of this episode that you want. Here is Sabrina. Lesley Logan 2:13  All right, Be It babe, this is going to be fun because I'm just going to come out from something great. Sabrina and I have already talked today, so if you hear us talk about like we've talked about this morning, it's just because I was already on her podcast. So Sabrina Magnan is our guest today. She is an incredible human and what I can't wait for us to talk about, we're going to get into some self-talk. It's about self-chatter and mindset stuff. But Sabrina, before we get into all that, can you tell everyone who you are and maybe how you started to rock at all of these stuff?Sabrina Magnan 2:39  Yeah, absolutely. So thanks for having me. I'm so excited to be here. And like you said, I am Sabrina Magnan, and I'm an intuitive eating and food freedom coach for women who struggle with the relationship with food, disordered eating, binge eating, food obsession, body image, you know, a lifetime of yo-yo dieting. And I help them heal their relationship with food and their bodies, so that they can free their mental space, their energy, their time, to focus on being their authentic selves and creating the life of their dreams. Lesley Logan 3:12  Thank you for even bringing all that up. I think, like, the thing about being it until you see it is like acting as if you're the person that you want to be, right? And a lot of times, what keeps us from being that person is the stuff that we're currently doing that's kind of holding us back, and it's really a distraction in our lives, and it can be really hard. I do want to get into real briefly, because you mentioned intuitive eating, I feel like people, that requires having intuition. So for someone who might not know what that is, can we just kind of go over that briefly? Sabrina Magnan 3:40  Yeah, absolutely. So in the simplest terms, it's the way that we are all born to eat. So if you think about toddlers, they eat when they're hungry. They stop when they're full, they turn their head, they push their plate. They're turned away from the boob when they've had enough food. And as we get older, and we get all these messages around what we should or shouldn't be eating, and how it might affect our weight, and we get all of this fear around food, then that can really start to disconnect us from our bodies. And so we're no longer listening to what our bodies are telling us. We're listening to what other people tell us that we should be doing. We start calorie counting or restricting or not eating when we're hungry and then overeating later. So being an intuitive eater is blending what your body is telling you along with your emotions and your rational thought. Lesley Logan 4:30  I love that, and also like, yeah, when we're kids, we do that already, you know, I was telling somebody that like I started just shortening the window, like I was following, like, Mindy Pelz and kind of shortened the window. And I said, I'm just, I'm dabbling, like, I'm just, I'm dabbling in it. Like, this is not a, I cannot follow anything like to a tee, just gonna dabble in it. And she was like, you know what's so funny is like, our kids go 12 hours, like, they eat dinner at seven, and we don't feed them breakfast till seven. So like, why as an adult, is it so hard? And it's because, like, life and all these things, and we get all these mixed messages, and it can be really crazy. And then there's, you know, the the chatter in between, all the different things we say that are sometimes from us and sometimes from other people. Like, what's your experience with self-talk? And like, the things that we say and how that affects us, from intuitive eating or just like, having, like a healthy relationship with ourselves and body image? Sabrina Magnan 5:25  Yeah, so I think a good way to lead into that conversation is how I got to where I am today, because I was a high level synchronized swimmer when I was younger, so. Lesley Logan 5:36  Were you like the girls? I also saw that, we're getting off topic, but I just recently saw during the Olympics how you get your hair to like, it's like, weird. It's like plastic. It's like weird rubber stuff to get so your hair still looks like hair, but it also is like, anyways, go ahead. Sabrina Magnan 5:53  It's terrible. It's really like, it's that gelatin mix that you make food with, and you mix it in with, like, boiling hot water, and you put that into your hair, and it is a absolute pain to take out of your hair. It takes hours. So, I was a synchronized swimmer for eight years of my life, and it's a sport that is very highly focused on the way that you look. So, you saw the Olympics, they all kind of look the same. Tall, skinny, long legs, and you just inevitably start to compare yourself to others. And there's a lot of, you know, there's girls who don't make certain teams because of the way their bodies look, regardless of their talent level. And so I was never in a quote-unquote bigger body, but I always thought that I was too big, like I have some nice muscular thighs, and I didn't have a thigh gap, and I didn't have a six pack. And so when I retired from the sport at the age of 16, I thought that the worst thing that you could possibly do is to gain weight, because in my world, gaining weight meant you were less worthy, you were less valuable. And so I did what anyone else would do as a 16 year old, I started looking online and what can I cut out and what should I be doing? So counting calories and low carb and 1200 calories, and I look back on that time now, and the way that I treated myself and the way that I spoke to myself was so incredibly abusive and negative, and as a result, we talked about it this morning. It's really hard to give other people what you don't have for yourself, and so I had a really hard time connecting with people. I had a hard time even knowing who I really am, what my values are, what do I want to do with my life? Because I thought that if I look a certain way, like my entire life revolved around if I can look a certain way, and if I can be perfect around food and perfect around exercise, that I'm finally going to feel like I'm enough. I'm finally going to feel like I am worthy, and I'm going to feel confident, and as you know, like that's an internal job. And so I thought that if something outside of me change, that I would feel different internally. And then I remember waking up one day where I was at the deepest, darkest part of my eating disorder, and just thinking, what am I all doing this for? Like I started this because I thought that it would make me feel happy and confident and loved and accepted and healthy, and I am getting further and further and further away from those things. So into that conversation of be it till you see it, I really thought about my future, and I thought about the kind of person, the kind of life that I wanted to live, and I always said, I want to travel, I want to be spontaneous, I want to have adventures. And with my rigid thinking around food, around exercise, around myself, none of that would be possible if I didn't make a radical change in how I operated internally.Lesley Logan 9:24  Yeah, oh my gosh. Like, I've and if you went through your life and you never had your, like, the idea of like, oh, once I'm this, then I'll have that. Like, congratulations, what a life you've lived. But most of us, like, I resonate with that so much. We just get really obsessed. Like, oh, as soon as I get there to this five pounds that no one notices on me, and probably is very helpful for me, we, then I'll be happy. And it really, you're so miserable getting there that you can't even enjoy it once you are there. Yeah. So you go on this journey and you're recognizing, like, who you want to be, and then how you are not that person. How does that, like, what did that take you to next? You know, where's the next step? Sabrina Magnan 10:08  So that was really my rock bottom. And at that time in my life, I had the opportunity to go to Italy for the summer to be an au pair. And that had always been my dream. Like, Italy was my dream country, and I noticed that I didn't want to go. I was anxious about going because I didn't want to gain weight, and I was terrified of being around carbs and pasta and all these foods that I couldn't control myself around, and I noticed that this like anxiety that I was feeling was really holding me back at the age of 21 so what would that look like at the age of 30 and 40 and 50? So I was extremely terrified, and I knew that's why I needed to go. I was so uncomfortable, and that's why I needed to do it. So I went to Italy that summer, and the first thing that the Italian nonna, who I lived with said when she saw me was oh my God, you're so skinny let's get you some food. And immediately I thought, oh my God I made a huge mistake. I've made a huge mistake, and I was really challenged that summer, but I, at the same time, I was forced to see a different perspective on what it's like to have a healthy relationship with food. Because in Italy, they don't talk about calories. They're not counting their points. They're not spending two hours at the gym. It's a culture of, let's enjoy food, right? Let's nourish ourself. Let's connect through it. Let's slow down. Let's be mindful. Let's be present, which is something I was never used to. I really saw like a stark contrast between the way that I was living back home, where everything was about being productive and doing the right thing, whereas here it was, let's slow things down and let's actually be present and intentional with what we do, and that like planted a seed of, oh, there's a different way to live a healthy and a happy lifestyle that doesn't go to those extremes. We talked about this morning how I'm a recovering perfectionist, very high standards. And so I really thought that if I'm going to do something, I'm going to do it perfect, I'm going to do it well. And I did that with quote-unquote, clean eating. And so in that summer, I saw it's actually possible to like, have gelato and have bread and have these foods and still feel really good. Feel good physically, feel good mentally, feel good emotionally. I felt even better because I was nourishing myself. So I came home that summer and I really made a decision of, I'm not gonna fall back into what I was doing before, because now I'm back in my environment. I'm back around the same people, the same places. It would be so easy to just get caught up back into that cycle of disordered eating. And it took a few years. It took a few years of like, peeling back the layers, because all of these things that we do, they don't happen in a vacuum. They're all connected. And so I had to unravel like, okay, what are the thoughts that I have around my body? What are the thoughts that I have around the people around me? Like, I had this identity as the healthy friend, I thought that people only loved me because I was so disciplined and because I was so healthy, which, consciously. Lesley Logan 13:46  That's hilarious, Sabrina. There's not a single person out there who goes, you know what? I want to hang out with that really disciplined friend.Sabrina Magnan 13:53  I know. Like, if anything, it made me more unbearable to be around.Lesley Logan 13:56  Like, no, let's not invite Sabrina. She won't eat that anyway. Like, that's what it is, like, that, you know? But I understand, because I was a person with, like, severe stomach issues, and I was like, I'm an annoying friend to hang around like, nobody wants to hang around me. So let me just, like, figure this out. But it's, but it is funny, like you're like, this is how I'm known, though. People know me as the healthy one. I got to be the healthy one. The titles we give ourselves really hold us back. Sabrina Magnan 14:19  Yeah and we develop these beliefs because they served a purpose at some point in your life. And I come from a overachieving family where my dad, you know, never said I love you. He's a phenomenal dad, but he is a boomer dad who never learned to communicate his emotions or how he feels, and we never had any of these kind of conversations. So I always felt like in order to get love and to get attention, because I was the youngest of five kids, I just need to excel. I need to achieve. And so if I'm excelling, if I'm overachieving, then maybe I'll get noticed. And so when I was, you know, working out and losing weight and doing all these things, I felt like I was getting noticed. And so I took that on as an identity of, okay, if you are that, then you are loved. You are accepted. And so even if I, you know, look back on it now, and I wasn't feeling any of those things, it happened so subconsciously. Lesley Logan 15:25  Yeah, yeah, it really does. It's, you know, like it just starts to, you just, you don't even realize it's happening, because it just starts to get warmer and warmer and warmer and, you know, you like, learn to tolerate it. So I think it's what I'm, what I also am hearing is like the awareness, the self-awareness you have is really amazing. I don't know that a lot of people have that self-awareness, at least at that age, but how cool to be in Italy. Like, my friends, I have not been. I need to go. I know, you guys. Sabrina Magnan 15:54  You're missing out.Lesley Logan 15:54  I'm missing out. But y'all, most of you haven't been to Southeast Asia, so I don't, like, you know. So I'll get to the places everyone's been to, you know, eventually, but I've only heard good things, and as someone who can't tolerate gluten, I've also heard I could there. So I'm, like, you have no idea, like, I am ready. But, um, you know, I think to go back into, like, navigating, like, some, like, some of our self-talk, it takes a lot of awareness. Like, how did you even, as you said, like, I started to look at what my self-talk was. Like, what did that, what does that look like? So as the recovering perfectionist, overachiever, I'm like, okay, did you have a journal? Did you like, oh, I've had a thought. Did you write it down? Like, what? Like, how do you evaluate this? How do you be aware of what your self-talk is? Sabrina Magnan 16:38  Yeah, so I actually didn't journal until probably around five to six years ago. And so there was that Italy period, and then I came back, and there was about two years of like, really, like, messiness where I was trying to figure things out, and I was still kind of going back and forth. And then the pandemic hit, and I was in France at the time, I was living in France, and I come back to live at my parents' house because there's so much going on. And I remember I had to do two weeks of quarantine because I was coming back from Europe. And those two weeks when I got back from Europe, I was really, really shaken up, because living in Europe during the beginning of the pandemic was extremely, extremely scary, and I spent those two weeks so angry, angry at the world, angry at my parents, which they were being so lovely letting me come back to live with them, angry at myself, just like pure anger. And I remember there was a Dean Graziosi, like, ad that popped up on my computer, and it was like a two-week happiness challenge. Now at that point, I was like, I had never done personal development before. I had never worked on myself before. And I said what do I have to lose? And so some of it was like these small action items every day, and they were things that I had never done before that made me extremely uncomfortable, like sending a gratitude message to five people in my life. And at the time, I really took this on from my dad. I held everyone at arm's length. I wasn't vulnerable, I wasn't myself. I didn't know who I was. I always just had a wall because it was a way to protect myself. So I was like, I'm gonna go all in and I'm just gonna dedicate myself to doing this, because I feel horrible right now and some of that was. Lesley Logan 18:40  So you're alone for two weeks. What else do you have to do? Like you're. Sabrina Magnan 18:44  I have nothing to lose. Lesley Logan 18:46  It could go really fast or it could go real slow. Sabrina Magnan 18:49  Yeah. So I took out my journal, and I started doing the gratitudes, and, you know, thinking about positive things about myself, and what I noticed is this actually feels really good. It feels good to take these small actions. One of them was I started hugging my parents every morning. My we don't do physical touch in my family, and so when I told them, like, hey, I'm gonna do something for the next month where I'm gonna hug you every morning, they were like, okay, and they started loving it. And so we got so close during that time, and it was through these small, little steps that it was like kind of using like a hammer, and just getting closer and closer to understanding who am I at my core. Like, without all of these learned programs and these things that I've put up in my life in order to protect myself, like, who am I actually? And when I thought about kind of letting go of this identity of the person who's always complaining, very negative, you know, a lot of self-deprecating humor. It made me really uncomfortable to think about becoming a person who is happy and genuine and positive, and when I noticed, like, why am I feeling so uncomfortable at the thought of becoming a like, better, happier version of myself? That goes back to the same thing that happened in Italy. If this is making you uncomfortable, it means that you should go after it.Lesley Logan 20:30  I like that. I think that's really cool. I think that's like, I think we were talking about it this morning, you guys, it's been a day, but yeah, like, it's like, just, you know, what, getting comfortable with discomfort and like, and sometimes discomfort is unfamiliar, but it's also like, oh, I kind of like this. I kind of like, you know, I'm sure those first hugs with your family were weird. Sabrina Magnan 20:53  So weird. Lesley Logan 20:54  And slightly uncomfortable. And you could have just like, okay, I'm not gonna do it tomorrow. It was too weird. But you kind of were like, yeah, but this could make me feel really good, like, I'm gonna try that again, you know. So I think that's really cool. So what a, what a life being in France. We were in Cambodia at the start of pandemic. We came back. Nothing had shut down. Actually, as we flew in, L.A. shut down. So like, so thank goodness for a dog sitter and who went grocery shopping for us while we were flying. I was like, can you please make sure there's food? Like, we're coming back, it shut down. Like, what are we doing? You know, so, but we didn't have to, we quarantined together in our own home. So I understand, like there's so much uncertainty you're coming back, and then it's like, what am I even doing here? This, I can understand being angry, like you were, obviously, living in France for a reason. Like, sounds amazing. How did all of this help, like, make you, did you change your life in a different way? Did you start manifesting, like, what came next? Because, you know, my goodness, it's, it feels like a lot has happened in a short period of time, but also, like, four or five years. So it's also, like a lot, not a long period of time, but decent amount of time. Sabrina Magnan 22:07  Yeah. So, really, what I started doing that year is instead of letting life just happen to me, right, like, be a victim of my consequences, and just like, have all these things come into my life and just be like, I guess, like, things just happen to you, like, bad things happen. I started getting intentional about, okay, what do I want to create? And I really started looking at my life as like a book and just scripting like, okay, what do I want my life to look like? And so I would write it in the present moment, and I would just be like, I'm dating this person. I'm living here. I'm doing this with my business, and I would write them, and I would get my emotions involved, and I would also think, like, how do I want to feel about myself? Because you have to be intentional about the person you want to become, because if you don't, you're just going to keep repeating the same person that you were yesterday. I think science shows that like 80% of your thoughts are the same as the ones that you had yesterday.Lesley Logan 23:07  I know. I still want to know how they figured that out, but I believe it. I mean, like, it's true, but also, like, who sat down into that?Sabrina Magnan 23:15  Who? How? How did you count how many thoughts that we have? Lesley Logan 23:18  Also, we have like, 60,000 thoughts, or something ridiculous, we have a lot of thoughts, and 80% of them are repetitive, yes.Sabrina Magnan 23:26  Yeah. And the vast majority of them are negative, because you're constantly looking out for threats, like we have a negativity bias. And so I really got curious as to, like, okay, if I could literally have a magic wand and create the life that I want, free of limitations, free of what I think is possible, what would that look like? And so I would just write that down every day, and I would start to live in and live into it. And at the time, I had no experience with like manifesting and getting intentional. And what I started noticing is like, oh, these things are actually starting to come into my life, and I'm getting more good things, and I would get evidence that this is possible for you. It's not just something that you're writing down in your journal, like you're writing them down and then you're being intentional about taking those actions, like, it's not just saying I want a red car and then just crossing your fingers that a red car is going to come into your life. I remember about like, two or three years in, I decided, okay, I'm ready to meet my person. I wasn't in a rush to do it. I wasn't like desperate to do it. I actually really liked being single. But every time that I would date someone, and, you know, things wouldn't work out after that, what I would do is I would write down what was it that I liked about them, what did I feel was missing, and what exactly do I want the next person to be like, and, most importantly, like, how do I want to feel with them? It wasn't like they need to have this job and make this amount of money, but it was like, I remember one of the big things is I want to feel like a priority. I want to feel like you feel special to be with me. And I think I dated two or three people before I met my now partner, and I have the paper that I wrote down after the guy that I dated right before Luke. And it's like, it's insane. It's spot on of like, this is, this is exactly who I'm dating now. Lesley Logan 25:43  Yeah, yeah, I actually really like, I like the way you did it, it's like, it's not about, okay, they have to make this much money, and they need to be six feet tall, and they have to be emotionally available and all this stuff that, like, it's like, how do I want to feel in this relationship? You know, how do I want to be treated? Like, how is this? And then that way your brain is actually seeking out, like, knows what to look for. You know, you're like, spotting. You're like, oh, that's that thing I wanted. I wanted that. It's right there. That's, that's a, that's really cool. Okay, we have had manifest people, like, talk about manifestation on the podcast before, but everyone has like a different way of doing it. So even if it's like, new to you, like, what are some, what are some of the ways that you've manifested, and what else have you manifested? Because I think, some people think, oh, manifesting is like the secret. I just proclaim it and it comes. I believe it takes action. It sounds like you do too, because you took some action. So what are some of your other ways of manifesting things?Sabrina Magnan 26:37  Yeah, great question. So I would say that one of the biggest things is just get clear. Obviously, get clear on what you want and to start putting your energy towards it. So for example, Luke and I are manifesting a dog for spring of 2025, and we don't know if we're going to be able to have a dog in our current apartment, and so we just keep, we just keep acting as if it's already happened. And that's the biggest thing, I would say, is act as if you already have it, be the person who already has it. So there's a lot of goals that I'm manifesting in my business, for example. And a lot of people think, okay, once I hit that goal, then I will feel this, this, this, then I will be this, this, this. But it's so backwards, because first you have to be that person. You have to match the frequency of the thing that you want to achieve. So I think, okay, a person who has this revenue goal, this amount of clients, how do they act on a daily basis? What are they doing in their business? Because this is going to help me get clarity on, okay, is that person still taking care of these actions in their business? No, they're delegating. So let me start delegating, making space for it now, and start taking those actions to make myself ready to receive those goals. Lesley Logan 28:10  Yes, yes. That's be it till you see it right there, everyone, that's how you do it. You have to like, you can't like, oh, once I get the promotion, then I'll be a kinder boss or a better leader? No, you have to be the better, you have to act like the better leader now, what would a better leader do? Can't be like once I do this, then I'll have this, or once I, once I get a day off, then I'll, then I'll take time for myself. Go take time for yourself each day, even if it's five minutes like, you won't know what to do with yourself. You won't. It will feel very unfamiliar, and it will feel very uneasy, and it won't give you the confidence you need if you wait, you know you'll feel like an imposter, for sure. Sabrina Magnan 28:45  And the brain that you have leading up to that goal is going to be the exact same brain that you have when you have that goal. It's not just going to switch overnight, like, oh, now I think differently, and now I act differently. Like, everything, all of my problems have been solved.Lesley Logan 29:01  Yeah, that's true. That's very true. What are your favorite ways to kind of like, help your brain be comfortable with some of these changes you make? Because I think that's the hardest thing. Like your brain is like, this feels unsafe. It's unsafe for me to do it that way. I want to do it this way. That isn't helping me, but it's comfortable. Sabrina Magnan 29:19  Oh my God, that's such a good question, because right now I'm like, stepping into a new timeline, stepping into new goals. And I did notice that, and I was talking to my coach about it. When I think about the goal logically, I'm like, It's possible. I want it. But when I noticed and I tapped into my body, I was like, there's some resistance here. And I think that a lot of people actually experience that. They say that they want a goal, but if they actually tap into what's going on in their nervous system and what's going on in their bodies, there's like, there's a disconnect there. And if there's a disconnect, it means that something subconsciously, or some things, multiple things, don't feel safe around that goal. Don't feel safe around chasing that thing. So when I really sat down with it, what I'll typically do is I'll just ask my heart, like, all right, where are you, where are you feeling a block? Like, what feels unsafe about this? And then I'll write it down. And what I'll often notice is that it's not just one thing, like, there's multiple things that come into play. I remember a few years ago, I thought, if I make more money, then my friends are going to, they're not going to be around me, like my friend, my family's not going to want to be around me, which is, it's not necessarily a belief that's based in truth, but we create these beliefs because it just, something about it doesn't feel safe. And so what I like to do is I like to write things down. What are all of these different things that I'm feeling resistance around? And then I start to pick at all of them. All right? Is this true? What about this is true? Is it true 100% of the time, and sometimes you do need to do some nervous system regulation. Like, sometimes what I'll do is I'll say a belief out loud, and I'll take a few deep breaths to make it feel safe to actually hold on to this belief, to really like, the biggest thing is like, I get my body involved, because most of the time my brain's on board, right? Like, most of the time, people are like, I have these goals. I have these ambitions. Your brain is on board, but your nervous system is not necessarily feeling safe around it.Lesley Logan 31:31  Yes, yes, yes. I think so. I agree with that, and I think that's really helpful. It's kind of just like asking those questions and tapping into it. And I think writing is a really good way, even if you can't read your writing, guys, like me, like just writing it out, because we tend to let more information come out. I would do morning pages, which is my if, whenever I journal it's gonna be morning pages, just gonna be a brain dump, because all you're like, whoa I didn't even know that was in there. That was in there. Oh, noted, you know, like, it's, how long has that been sitting there? No wonder I'm feeling anxious. So I think that's really, really important. It's really key. What are you most excited about right now, besides this 2025 puppy?Sabrina Magnan 32:09  Oh, I mean, that's probably at the top of my list, honestly, if I'm I was never a dog person until probably two years ago, when I started dating my boyfriend. And now I am like, I've, everyday, I'm like, okay, so, are you ready? Are you ready to have our dog, yet? So I would say my dog is up there. I've got a bunch of weddings from people that I really care about that are coming up in the next month, which I'm really excited to celebrate and love on. And I have some really awesome projects coming into my business for the next six months to expand, impact more people. So those are the things that I'm really looking forward to. Lesley Logan 32:47  That's so fun. If you want a dog, like a puppy fix, a dog fix and it will be hard, I'm not saying it's going to be easy, but one of the things that we, my husband and I used to do in L.A. is we actually used to walk dogs that were in the shelter, and because we couldn't take them, we had two already, so we were, we were done, but I would just see all these dogs up for adoption, these puppies up for adoption, and you can literally, like, go take them for a walk, and they, when they get out, they're wearing a sign that says, I'm available to be adopted. So you're, like, getting them out to be adopted. You're getting your dog fix. You get to practice what it's like to, like, have a dog out in public, and like, how to handle it and all those things. But also you could just take it back and like, you know. So I, one of my favorite things, you can also read to dogs in the shelter. You can cuddle with them. So like, I highly recommend, like, getting cozy with one. There was one that had a vet that was next to my Pilates studio. And so they would just text me, like, hey, there's a dog that's at the vet today. Can you take him out? Because the veterinarians obviously don't do that kind of stuff. And so I would go and take the dogs for a walk. That was what I did. And I just would love up on them and give them all this love and like, help them like, you know, not feel like they're in the shelter. It was so, it was so fun. And who knows, I'll probably do that again. The other thing you can, like, for, there's this one person who like is training for a marathon. So he would actually run like, 20 different dogs in the shelter every day, and he'd run them for a mile-ish, and so he could get his like he could get different lengths of running in and get the dogs to exercise. So it's just something like you can do, obviously, in the winter in Canada, no, but now it's nice.Sabrina Magnan 34:34  Here's the problem. I know that my boyfriend would never let me go, because he always says, if you go to a shelter, I know that you're coming home with a puppy, like, there's no way, if they have a little sign that says open for adoption.Lesley Logan 34:48  I promise you won't. Here's why. Your apartment won't let you and most shelters need to see the lease that says you have, you can have a dog, so they're not going to let you take the dog home like it is. I promise you, you're in a safe like you, they won't, they won't let you take a dog that they're afraid they're gonna get back. So you will be fine.Sabrina Magnan 35:08  Hilarious. Lesley Logan 35:09  All right, we'll take a brief break and then find out how people can find you, follow you, or work with you.Lesley Logan 35:14  All right. Sabrina, where do you like to hang out? Where can people connect more with you if what you have resonated with them?Sabrina Magnan 35:21  Yeah. So if you like to listen to podcasts, which I'm sure that you do, you can head over to my podcast, which is called the Live Unrestricted podcast, which, Lesley, you're going to be a guest on, which I'm so excited about. And you can also find me on Instagram @sabrinamagnanhealth. I have a coaching program called Food Freedom Academy. So if you are struggling with your relationship with food and your body, reach out, connect. I'd love to talk to you. Lesley Logan 35:47  I love it. That is so fun. Yes, you guys, I was interviewed on her podcast. We talked about habits and breaking them, and I think you'll really like it. So you've given us some great tips already, manifestation, like, self-talk. But for those perfectionist, recovering overachievers, those people who are like, okay, what's next, Sabrina? Those we want some bold, executable, intrinsic or targeted steps people can take to be it till they see it. What do you have for us? Sabrina Magnan 36:10  We're talking about actionable things. So I would say, honestly, the first place to start is take out a piece of paper and have two different columns. And one is what I like to write, the old me, and then I'll put down the thoughts, the emotions and the actions that I want to leave behind. And a lot of this we've talked about self-talk. It could be the way that you talk to yourself, right? I'm such a failure. I can never stick to anything. I'm not good enough. Everyone is so much better than me. Get that down on paper and say, okay, that's, I'm bringing my awareness to this. So every time that I notice that that thought starts to pop up, I know we're not doing that anymore. And then on the second side of the paper could be the future me, and that's what you're going to replace those thoughts, those emotions and those actions with. Because what this really does is it helps you pinpoint those things that you want to bring to your conscious awareness. Because, as we said, before, these things happen unconsciously, they are on autopilot. You've been practicing them so many times that you don't have to think about speaking negatively to yourself. You've gone really, really good at it. So we need to interrupt that automatic pattern. We need to bring it up to our conscious awareness and decide we're not doing that anymore, and we are going to take the actions necessary in order to reframe into something different.Lesley Logan 37:40  Yes, I love that. Thank you for that. What a great tip. That's a great thing to do. You guys, how are you going to use these tips in your life? Make sure you tag Sabrina. Tag the Be It Pod. Send this to a friend who needs to hear it. There's always that friend who, like, you know, has been struggling and maybe telling you, like, I'm struggling with this, you know, I'm struggling with just being a perfectionist or like taking the next step or acting as if, if this resonates with you, it'll resonate with them. So send it to a friend and until next time, Be It Till You See It. Lesley Logan 38:10  That's all I got for this episode of the Be It Till You See It Podcast. One thing that would help both myself and future listeners is for you to rate the show and leave a review and follow or subscribe for free wherever you listen to your podcast. Also, make sure to introduce yourself over at the Be It Pod on Instagram. I would love to know more about you. Share this episode with whoever you think needs to hear it. Help us and others Be It Till You See It. Have an awesome day. Be It Till You See It is a production of The Bloom Podcast Network. If you want to leave us a message or a question that we might read on another episode, you can text us at +1-310-905-5534 or send a DM on Instagram @BeItPod.Brad Crowell 38:52  It's written, filmed, and recorded by your host, Lesley Logan, and me, Brad Crowell.Lesley Logan 38:57  It is transcribed, produced and edited by the epic team at Disenyo.co.Brad Crowell 39:02  Our theme music is by Ali at Apex Production Music and our branding by designer and artist, Gianfranco Cioffi.Lesley Logan 39:09  Special thanks to Melissa Solomon for creating our visuals.Brad Crowell 39:12  Also to Angelina Herico for adding all of our content to our website. And finally to Meridith Root for keeping us all on point and on time.Support this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/be-it-till-you-see-it/donationsAdvertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

A l'occasion de la présentation, aux Gobelins, des trésors qui ont servi au sacre de Charles X, retour sur la dernière cérémonie de ce type en France. Mention légales : Vos données de connexion, dont votre adresse IP, sont traités par Radio Classique, responsable de traitement, sur la base de son intérêt légitime, par l'intermédiaire de son sous-traitant Ausha, à des fins de réalisation de statistiques agréées et de lutte contre la fraude. Ces données sont supprimées en temps réel pour la finalité statistique et sous cinq mois à compter de la collecte à des fins de lutte contre la fraude. Pour plus d'informations sur les traitements réalisés par Radio Classique et exercer vos droits, consultez notre Politique de confidentialité.Hébergé par Ausha. Visitez ausha.co/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Harmony Slater reconnects with longtime friend and fellow teacher Paul Dallaghan to explore his journey from Ireland to India, from business school to biology, and from asana to advanced Pranayama. Paul shares the inner current that drew him to spiritual practice, his years immersed in India and Thailand, and his groundbreaking research on how breath-based yoga practices affect longevity, telomere length, and mental health. The episode is filled with insights on what it means to be truly engaged in your practice, how ancient yogic techniques translate into measurable physiological benefits, and why sincerity may be the most essential ingredient in personal transformation. Whether you're a seasoned yoga practitioner or someone looking to understand how the breath can change your brain and your life, this episode will spark curiosity and offer grounded, heart-centered wisdom. In This Episode, You'll Hear: Paul's early spiritual awakenings from farms in France to kibbutzim in Israel How yoga found him in New York City and redirected his life path His years in India, spiritual pilgrimages, and devotion to Pranayama The influence of Sri O.P. Tiwari and the Kaivalyadhama lineage His PhD research at Emory University: what ancient yogis knew and science now confirms Why telomere length matters and how breath practices directly impact it What sincerity in practice really looks like, and why it's essential Surprising stories about psychedelics and why they had little effect on him Guest Bio: Paul has spent 30 years in the wellbeing arena, from immersion in original breath-body-mind practices to cultural and scientific study.  He is CEO and founder of Samahita Retreat since 2003, the first full wellbeing retreat center in Asia, known for breath, yoga, wellness and fitness, thriving today on Ko Samui, Thailand.  Paul spent many years in India, including in Mysore with P Jois, being the last to be certified by him in his lifetime (in 2007). He learnt pranayama in-depth with his primary teacher, O.P.Tiwari. Paul was  acknowledged in 2022 in the Indian tradition as “Master Yogi: Pranacharya (Breath Expert)”.  Paul was aware of the need for robust research and deep study in this field and devoted himself to academic scholarship, earning a Ph.D in Biological Anthropology from Emory University. His area of specialty was the breath and related practices, their history and origins, as well as a scientific analysis where he developed protocols and carried out a clinical trial study assessing psychological and physiological markers on mental health, stress, and longevity outcomes. Paul has taught practical workshops all over the world as well as at the University level while being an invited speaker to events, conferences or by private organizations. The ability to laugh and banter and not take yourself seriously are key to his philosophy of life. All this while being a devoted father to two sons. Relevant Links: Samahita Retreat: https://www.samahitaretreat.com Connect with Harmony:   Book a Clarity Call with Harmony: https://harmonyslater.as.me/Clarity-Session Find your Spiritual Archetype! What is your Spiritual Entrepreneur Archetype? Take the Quiz! Connect with Us (We love to hear from you!) Harmony Slater's Website: http://harmonyslater.com Finding Harmony Community  https://harmonyslater.com/harmony-slater-coaching Find Harmony on Instagram⁠ Follow the Finding Harmony Podcast on IG ⁠Two Minute Breathwork Session⁠ If you enjoyed this episode, please leave us a review on Apple Podcasts or your favorite platform. Share it with someone who would love to learn more about the power of the breath. And don't forget to follow the Finding Harmony Podcast so you never miss an episode!

Beppe, a native Italian, started his journey in active travel over two decades ago and, with the help of his wife Heather, co-founded Tourissimo, one of the top adventure travel companies in Italy. With years of expertise designing cycling and adventure tours across all 20 regions of Italy, Beppe and Heather have the inside scoop on the most authentic and unforgettable experiences Italy has to offer.So grab your espresso (or a glass of vino Italiano), and let's explore Italy region by region!Northern Italy: Adventure, Culture, and Alpine BeautyLombardy (Lombardia)Running along the Swiss border, Lombardy is Italy's largest and wealthiest region—a land of striking contrasts and cultural riches. Home to nearly 10 million people, Lombardy contains 12 of Italy's largest cities: Milan, Bergamo, Brescia, Como, Mantua, Pavia, Cremona, Lecco, Lodi, Monza, Sondrio, and Varese. The region blends modern sophistication with old-world charm, from the fashion capital and bustling metropolis of Milan to the serene, postcard-perfect landscapes of Lake Como.Lombardy is dotted with some of Italy's most beloved lakes, including Lake Maggiore, Lake Como, Lake Garda, Lake Iseo, Lake Idro, and many more. Picturesque villages like Bellagio offer sun-drenched escapes along Lake Como's shores, while the medieval towns of Bergamo and Mantova enchant visitors with cobblestone streets, sweeping views, and centuries of history.Culinary lovers will be spoiled for choice with Lombardy's 60 Michelin-starred restaurants—3 with three stars, 6 with two stars, and 51 with one star. Be sure to savor the region's iconic Risotto alla Milanese, a creamy saffron-infused dish that's a local staple. Wine enthusiasts won't want to miss a glass of Franciacorta, Italy's sparkling answer to Champagne.November is a wonderful time to visit, with cooler temperatures and fewer tourists. It's also the perfect season to explore Lombardy's slice of the Alps, where charming mountain towns await nestled among the peaks. For an unforgettable adventure, consider attending the 2025 Winter Olympics, which will be held in Milan-Cortina d'Ampezzo!Tourissimo Tip– If you are flying into Milan, select the correct airport because Milan has two airports! For info, check out the following Tourissimo blog: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/avoid-this-common-travel-mistake-know-milans-two-airportsVenetoVeneto, the birthplace of Prosecco, Polenta, and the iconic Spritz, is a region rich in charm, culture, and culinary delights. Stretching from the Italian Riviera to the Venetian Pre-Alps and the stunning Dolomites, Veneto is home to both natural beauty and historic towns. Its capital, the enchanting floating city of Venice, is world-famous for its canals, gondolas, labyrinthine streets, and undeniable romance.Each of Venice's islands offers something special: admire the colorful houses of Burano, renowned for its lace-making traditions; visit Murano, celebrated for its centuries-old glassblowing artistry; and soak up the peaceful atmosphere of Torcello. Exploring these islands by vaporetto (water bus) offers a quieter, more authentic glimpse into Venetian life. Tourissimo Tip–For a few more suggestions, check out Tourissimo's blog on the Venetian Lagoon: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/our-favorite-destinations-in-the-venetian-lagoonBeyond Venice, Veneto boasts a treasure trove of picturesque towns. Verona, Padua, Vicenza, and Asolo each offer their own distinct history and beauty. Visit Castelfranco Veneto for a charming escape or head to Bardolino to enjoy a boat ride on Italy's largest lake, Lago di Garda. Stroll the waterfront in Castelletto sul Garda or circle the freshwater moat of Cittadella, a red-brick medieval town full of character.In the countryside, the hills of Prosecco promise stunning vineyard views, while the medieval town of Montagnana offers a taste of the past. Nature lovers can visit the volcanic Euganean Hills in Este, and cheese lovers shouldn't miss the small town of Asiago, home to one of Italy's most famous cheeses.Veneto's culinary scene shines with 34 Michelin-starred restaurants—2 with three stars, 3 with two stars, and 29 with one star. Indulge in local specialties like Bigoli in Salsa, a hearty Venetian pasta with anchovy sauce, and toast with a glass of Prosecco, Grappa, or the regional favorite, the Select Spritz. And don't forget—Venetians love to celebrate, so let loose and join the party!Tourissimo Tips–Another fun suggestion is Veneto Marostica, the City of Chess, where they do a living chess match with hundreds of people dressed in medieval costumes every two years: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/marostica-the-city-of-chessPiedmont (Piemonte)Nestled at the foot of the Alps and bordered on three sides by the Mediterranean Sea, Piedmont is one of Italy's most underrated gems. With a diverse landscape that offers adventure and beauty year-round, this region is perfect for both winter skiing and summer hiking and biking, thanks to its stunning Alpine scenery.But Piedmont isn't just about breathtaking views—it's steeped in rich history and cultural significance. As the first capital of Italy, it boasts grand palaces, remarkable art, and sacred relics like the famed Shroud of Turin. The capital city of Turin is a vibrant hub, home to Europe's largest outdoor food market and the monthly Gran Balon flea market, a haven for vintage and antique lovers.Venture beyond the city and you'll discover a region bursting with charm and flavor. Tour the Langhe Hills, a paradise for vineyard visits, and sample Bagna Cauda, a warm anchovy and garlic dip beloved by locals. Wander the lakeside town of Stresa on Lake Maggiore, or stroll the cobbled streets of Neive, where views of rolling hills and storybook cottages create an unforgettable setting. In Asti, you can witness the September medieval horse races and visit the majestic Cattedrale di Santa Maria Assunta e San Gottardo. For a true fairy-tale escape, head to Macugnaga in the valley of Monte Rosa, a perfect base for both skiing and hiking. And just outside of Turin lies the hidden gem of Lake Orta, a peaceful retreat away from the crowds.Piedmont's culinary scene is just as spectacular. With 35 Michelin-starred restaurants—2 with three stars, 3 with two stars, and 30 with one star—the region is a paradise for food lovers. Dine in Alba during white truffle season (September to January), and savor iconic regional dishes like Agnolotti del Plin and Coniglio Arrosto. Wine enthusiasts will be in heaven here—Piedmont is the land of Barolo, the "king of wines," and Barbaresco, two of Italy's most prestigious reds.Tourissimo Tips:Piedmont is home to the Slow Food movement: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/why-piedmont-is-renowned-for-its-slow-foodTourissimo Tip–Check out this blog for a guide to a day of eating in Turin: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/a-day-of-eating-in-turinTourissimo Tip–One of the Best Meals of Your Life will be at the Piazza Duomo in Alba!Emilia-RomagnaLocated in central Italy along the Adriatic coast, Emilia-Romagna is a vibrant and diverse region known for its perfect blend of “slow food” and “fast cars.” This area is considered both the culinary and automotive capital of Italy, offering rich traditions, warm hospitality, and unforgettable experiences.Food lovers will be in heaven here. Emilia-Romagna is the birthplace of iconic Italian delicacies such as Mortadella, Tortellini in Brodo, Parmigiano-Reggiano, Prosciutto di Parma, traditional Balsamic Vinegar, Lambrusco, and egg-based fresh pastas like lasagna, tortellini, and tagliatelle. A visit to Parma lets you savor authentic Parmigiano-Reggiano and world-class Prosciutto, as well as enjoy the elegant Teatro Regio opera house.The region also has a need for speed—it's home to legendary automotive brands like Ferrari, Lamborghini, and Maserati. For car enthusiasts, the Ferrari Museum in Modena is a must-see. Emilia-Romagna even has a dedicated cycling tourism office, and in summer 2023, it played host to several stages of the Tour de France, which began in nearby Florence.Beyond the food and cars, Emilia-Romagna offers a range of enchanting destinations. The capital city of Bologna is known for its Piazza Maggiore, the Two Towers, and the scenic Santuario Madonna di San Luca. In Ravenna, marvel at the dazzling, colorful mosaics and the historic San Vitale Basilica. Along the coast, vibrant seaside resorts like Cervia, Cesenatico, and Rimini create a lively, carnival-like party atmosphere from late May through September. For a more peaceful experience, explore the medieval gem of Brisighella, a lesser-known treasure full of charm.When it comes to fine dining, Emilia-Romagna doesn't disappoint. The region boasts 24 Michelin-starred restaurants, including one three-star, three two-star, and twenty one-star establishments. Visitors are often struck by the warmth and generosity of the locals—some of the most hospitable people in Italy—who express their love through exceptional food and outstanding service.Tourissimo Tips:Did you know that there is a whole other country within Emilia Romagna? https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/san-marino-the-other-small-country-within-italyTourissimo Tip–Pietra di Bismantova was an inspiration for Dante: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/pietra-di-bismantova-the-inspiration-for-dantes-purgatoryTourissimo Tip–You can cross the Rubicon: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/crossing-the-rubiconTrentino-South TyrolNestled along Italy's northern border with Switzerland, Trentino–South Tyrol is a stunning mountainous region that blends Italian and Austrian influences, making it a top destination for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts. With its striking Alpine scenery, exceptional cuisine, and rich cultural duality, this region offers the best of both worlds.The South Tyrol capital, Bolzano, is renowned for having the highest quality of life in Italy, combining the clean, efficient infrastructure often associated with Germany with the flavorful food and spirited lifestyle of Italian culture.Outdoor adventurers will be captivated by the Dolomites, with their dramatic limestone peaks—ideal for hiking, skiing, and breathtaking vistas. Don't miss the Alpe di Siusi, Europe's largest Alpine meadow, which is especially stunning in spring and summer. Explore shimmering Lake Garda and uncover the region's medieval past through spectacular castles like Schloss Tirol, Castel Roncolo, and Castel d'Appiano.Tourissimo Tip–An off-the-beaten-path outdoor paradise can be found in the Alps of Trentino. Check out the Val di Sole. This is one of the areas that Beppe and Heather regularly go to on their personal vacations in Italy: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/the-wild-dolomitesThe culinary offerings here reflect the region's unique blend of cultures. Traditional dishes range from Bratwurst and Goulash to Italian-style pastas with hearty meats like deer. Foodies should try Speck, a savory smoked ham, perfectly paired with a glass of Gewürztraminer, a fragrant white wine native to the area. The region also produces excellent white wines and lighter reds that pair beautifully with its alpine cuisine.When it comes to fine dining, Trentino–South Tyrol excels with 33 Michelin-starred restaurants, including three three-star, five two-star, and twenty-five one-star establishments, making it one of Italy's most impressive gourmet regions.LiguriaLocated along Italy's rugged northwestern coastline, Liguria—also known as the Italian Riviera—boasts dramatic cliffs, colorful seaside villages, and incredible culinary traditions. The region is best known for the five picturesque villages of Cinque Terre, as well as the glamorous resort towns of Portofino and Santa Margherita Ligure.Tourissimo Tip– If you visit the Cinque Terre, don't forget to look up, and hike up away from the crowds to see the heroic vineyards: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/the-heroic-winemaking-of-the-cinque-terreBecause of the narrow, winding roads with steep drop-offs, many travelers prefer to explore the region via the local train or by public or private boat. If you're planning to hike the famous trails, be aware that entrance permits are now required due to landslides and overtourism.In the regional capital of Genoa, dive into maritime history, visit the iconic San Lorenzo Cathedral, and wander the city's old port area. Just outside Genoa, discover the secluded San Fruttuoso Abbey, accessible only by boat or footpath. In Vernazza, one of the Cinque Terre towns, visit the Doria Castle and the beautiful Santa Margherita Church.Liguria is also a celebrity hotspot, and its cuisine is just as impressive as its scenery. Known as the birthplace of pesto, the region is famous for Pesto alla Genovese, made with a special local basil. Be sure to try the region's olive oil, garlic, cheeses, and exceptional seafood, especially the anchovies. Other regional specialties include Focaccia di Recco, a cheese-filled flatbread, and lighter olive oils that perfectly complement Ligurian dishes.For fine dining, Liguria is home to seven Michelin-starred restaurants, all with one star, offering refined cuisine rooted in the region's coastal and agricultural traditions.Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Friuli)Tucked between Veneto, Austria, and Slovenia, Friuli-Venezia Giulia is a lesser-known gem that offers a unique blend of Alpine landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and coastal charm. The region features part of the Dolomites, ideal for hiking, skiing, and capturing breathtaking scenery.The capital, Trieste, is a refined port city with a fascinating blend of Italian, Austro-Hungarian, and Slavic influences. Don't miss the Miramare Castle, perched over the sea with stunning views. In Cividale del Friuli, stroll through cobbled streets and sample Frico, a savory, crispy dish made of cheese and potatoes, best enjoyed with a glass of Schioppettino, a bold red wine native to the region.For outdoor adventures and relaxation, spend a beach day at Lignano Sabbiadoro, camp in Sistiana, bike the trails around Grado, or explore the ancient Roman ruins in Aquileia, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Be sure to visit the enormous Grotta Gigante (Giant Cave), stroll through Unity of Italy Square, and tour the Revoltella Museum for modern art.Friuli-Venezia Giulia is also home to seven Michelin-starred restaurants, including two two-star establishments and five one-star venues, reflecting the region's quiet but impressive culinary scene.Tourissimo Tip– A hotel that Heather and Beppe love in Cormons is La Subida. It's a unique, high-end, and rustic property nestled in nature that boasts a 1-Michelin star restaurant: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/hotels-we-love-la-subidaAosta ValleyNestled in the northwestern tip of Italy, where it borders Switzerland and France, the Aosta Valley is Italy's smallest and highest region—a true mountain paradise. This alpine jewel is renowned for its dramatic snowcapped peaks, storybook castles, and a unique blend of French and Italian culture, as both languages are spoken here.The region is home to Mont Blanc (Monte Bianco), Europe's highest peak, which straddles the borders of Italy, France, and Switzerland. While the summit lies on the French side, visitors on the Italian side can experience the Skyway Monte Bianco, a breathtaking cable car ride offering panoramic views of the Alps.Key landmarks include the striking Matterhorn, the impressive Fénis and Savoy Castles, and the Bard Fortress, one of the largest and most remarkable fortifications in the Alps. After a day in the mountains, relax in one of the region's thermal spas, and indulge in Fonduta, a rich, velvety cheese fondue perfect for chilly alpine evenings.Wine lovers should sample the region's distinctive red mountain wines, especially Enfer d'Arvier, known for its bold flavor and high-altitude character.Tourissimo Tip–A fun tradition is the Friendship Cup, a communal cup of coffee: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/the-friendship-cup-of-valle-daostaCentral Italy: History, Art, and Rolling HillsTuscany (Toscana)Tuscany, the heart of the Renaissance, is a captivating region of rolling hills, cypress-lined roads, vineyards, and timeless art and architecture. Located just below Italy's northern regions, it's a haven for art lovers, history buffs, and food and wine enthusiasts alike. From Chianti to Brunello di Montalcino, the region offers a wide variety of world-class wines.The regional capital, Florence, is one of Italy's most walkable and safe major cities, making it ideal for solo travelers. Admire its architectural wonders while sipping on Chianti Classico and indulging in a local favorite—Bistecca alla Fiorentina. Must-see landmarks in Florence include the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore (Duomo), Ponte Vecchio, Palazzo Vecchio, the Uffizi Gallery, and the Galleria dell'Accademia, home to Michelangelo's David. For iconic views, head to Piazzale Michelangelo.Beyond Florence, explore the historic cities of Siena, Lucca, and San Gimignano, each offering its own charm. Don't miss the Leaning Tower of Pisa or the Siena Cathedral, and spend time in the picturesque public squares like Piazza del Campo, Piazza della Signoria, and Piazza del Duomo.For off-the-beaten-path adventures, discover medieval hilltop villages such as Sorano, or head to the Maremma coast for scenic beaches and bold wines. Tuscany also shines in its culinary excellence, boasting 41 Michelin-starred restaurants—including 1 three-star, 5 two-star, and 35 one-star establishments.Tourissimo Tip–3 places in Tuscany you didn't know existed: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/three-places-in-tuscany-you-did-not-know-existedUmbriaUmbria, often called the "Green Heart of Italy," is the country's only completely landlocked region, nestled between Tuscany, Lazio, and Le Marche. Though it lacks large cities, Umbria more than makes up for it with breathtaking natural beauty, medieval towns, and a rich culinary tradition.One of Umbria's most impressive sights is the Cascata delle Marmore (Marmore Falls)—the second tallest waterfall in Europe. Nature lovers and photographers alike will be amazed by its dramatic 165-meter drop. The region is also home to Assisi, the birthplace of St. Francis, one of Italy's most revered saints, and a major pilgrimage destination.Food lovers will delight in Umbria's hearty, earthy cuisine, featuring lentils, mushroom-based dishes, cured meats, and the prized black truffle (Tartufo Nero di Norcia). Pair these specialties with a glass of Sagrantino di Montefalco, a robust red wine unique to the region.Umbria's culinary excellence is further reflected in its four Michelin-starred restaurants: Casa Vissani, Vespasia, Ada, and Elementi. Each holds one Michelin star, offering refined takes on the region's rustic flavors.Tourissimo Tip–Norcia is definitely one of Italy's culinary gems: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/norcia-one-of-italys-culinary-gemsMarcheLocated in central Italy on the Adriatic side, Marche is a beautiful region with a population of 1 million people, known for its charming towns, rich history, and welcoming, hardworking culture. The region offers stunning destinations like Urbino and Ancona, along with pristine beaches such as Spiaggia della Due Sorelle, Parco Naturale Monte San Bartolo, Mezzavalle, and the Riviera del Conero, not to mention many picturesque nature reserves.Must-see landmarks include Castello di Gradara, Palazzo Ducale di Urbino, the Sanctuary of the Holy House of Loreto, Cattedrale di San Ciriaco, Tempio del Valadier, and the breathtaking underground Frasassi Caves. Marche's favorite cities and nearby towns also include Gubbio, Assisi, Perugia, Orvieto, and Cascia.For those drawn to religious history, highlights include the Papal Basilica of Saint Francis, the Sacred Convent of Saint Francis, Basilica di Santa Maria degli Angeli, and Basilica di Santa Chiara in Assisi, as well as the Basilica of Santa Rita da Cascia. History lovers should visit Rocca Paolina, Piazza IV Novembre, Fontana Maggiore, Piazza del Comune, and Grotta di Monte Cucco, while museums like Narni Sotterranea, the National Gallery, and Nobile Collegio del Cambio offer rich cultural experiences.This region is famous for its culinary tradition, especially its mastery of seafood, and is home to seven Michelin-starred restaurants — including Uliassi in Senigallia, proudly holding three Michelin stars, along with one two-star and five one-star establishments. No visit would be complete without tasting Olive all'Ascolana, fried stuffed olives that perfectly capture Marche's local flavor. All of this, combined with the region's natural beauty and warm, fun, and friendly locals, makes Marche a truly unforgettable destination in the heart of Italy.Tourissimo Tip–Ascoli Piceno, the town where the Ascoli olive is from, is beautiful, especially at night when it appears to glow: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/ascoli-piceno-the-italian-town-that-glows-at-nightLazioLazio, one of Italy's central regions, though often considered a southern region by Italians, is a place rich with history, iconic landmarks, and hidden gems. At its heart is the capital city of Rome, a destination overflowing with opportunities for exploration. Essential sites include the Colosseum, Trevi Fountain, Pantheon, Roman Forum, Spanish Steps, St. Peter's Basilica, the Sistine Chapel, and countless other remarkable attractions. No visit to Rome is complete without savoring its famous dishes, including Cacio e Pepe — a creamy cheese and pepper pasta — along with local favorites like Spaghetti alla Gricia, Pasta all'Amatriciana, and Pasta Carbonara, best enjoyed with a glass of crisp Frascati wine while taking in views of the Colosseum. Lazio as a whole has 107 two-star Michelin restaurants and 105 one-star restaurants. If you find yourself in the Trastevere neighborhood, there are many wonderful popular restaurants, including La Scaletta and Le Mani in Pasta.Another must-see is Vatican City, home to the Vatican and its world-renowned religious and artistic treasures. In December 2025, Rome will host the Jubilee, or Holy Year — a significant Catholic Church event focused on forgiveness, reconciliation, and spiritual renewal, held only once every 25 years and drawing pilgrims from across the globe.Beyond Rome, Lazio offers a beautiful coastline and peaceful countryside, perfect for travelers seeking quieter escapes. Among its hidden gems is Ostia Antica, an ancient Roman city that once served as the bustling port of Rome, located at the mouth of the Tiber River. With its blend of legendary landmarks, culinary traditions, religious significance, and off-the-beaten-path treasures, Lazio is a captivating region waiting to be explored.Tourissimo Tip–There's a wonderful project underway to create a cycle path around the perimeter of Rome: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/cycling-in-rome-grab-a-bike-and-bike-the-grabAbruzzoAbruzzo, known as Italy's green region, lies in the central-eastern part of the country and boasts a stunning combination of mountains, coastline, and unspoiled nature. Along the beautiful Trabocchi Coast, visitors can admire the historic trabocchi — ingenious wooden fishing structures built by fishermen centuries ago to safely fish the Adriatic waters, many of which have now been converted into charming seaside restaurants where you can dine on fresh seafood while suspended above the waves with sunsets as your backdrop. When it comes to dining, Abruzzo currently boasts four Michelin-starred restaurants; there are three 1-star restaurants and one 3-star restaurant. Food lovers shouldn't miss Arrosticini, the region's famous grilled lamb skewers, or a glass of bold Montepulciano d'Abruzzo red wine. Outdoor enthusiasts have countless opportunities for adventure, from swimming at the Stiffe Caves and strolling the Ponte del Mare to relaxing on the beaches of Riserva Naturale Guidata Punta Aderci and hiking to the iconic Rocca Calascio. Lakeside escapes await at Lago di Scanno and Lago di Barrea, while the towering Gran Sasso d'Italia and the expansive Parco Nazionale d'Abruzzo, and Lazio e Molise offer breathtaking scenery and pristine trails. The region is home to many national parks — Abruzzo, Lazio, Molise National Park, Gran Sasso and Laga Mountains National Park, and Maiella National Park — perfect for hiking, biking, trail running, and spotting the highest peaks of the Apennine Mountain Range. Cyclists can enjoy the Bike to Coast cycle path, a 131 km (81.4 mile) route running along the Adriatic coast from Pescara to Vasto. History and architecture lovers will appreciate sites like Basilica di Santa Maria di Collemaggio, Centro Storico di Sulmona, Santo Stefano di Sessanio, Abbey of San Giovanni in Venere, and the Medieval Village of Pacentro. For a uniquely tranquil experience, visit the enchanting Gardens of Ninfa. Abruzzo is also a fabulous winter skiing destination and keeps traditions alive with events like Transumanza, the seasonal migration of livestock, primarily sheep, between the high-altitude pastures of the region. With its mountain majesty, historic villages, flavorful cuisine, and coastal charm, Abruzzo offers something unforgettable for every traveler.Tourissimo Tips:More info on the trabocchi coast: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/abruzzos-trabocchi-coastAbruzzo Bike to Coast is a beautiful bike path along the coast: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/cycling-along-abruzzos-coastMoliseOne of Italy's most untouched and lesser-known regions, Molise is famously nicknamed “the region that doesn't exist,” though it's rich in history, traditions, and natural beauty. This quiet region offers a mix of beaches and mountains, including part of the National Park of Abruzzo within the Apennines mountain range, filled with abundant wildlife, hiking trails, and winter ski opportunities. Tourissimo Tip–The Region That Doesn't Exist: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/the-italian-region-that-doesnt-existThe capital city, Campobasso, is home to notable sites like Monforte Castle and several Romanesque churches, while the charming coastal town of Termoli draws visitors for its beaches, trabucchi (historic fishing huts now serving fresh seafood), and local specialties like brodetto, a traditional seafood stew. Along the Molise coast in Termoli, dining at a trabucchi offers fresh catches with a side of Adriatic views. History buffs should visit the Samnite ruins in the Pietrabbondante archaeological area, the well-preserved Saepinum Archaeological Area, and landmarks like Lago di Castel San Vincenzo, the Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Purification, Monforte Castle, and the Basilica of Saint Mary of Sorrow. A must-see is the Marinelli Bell Foundry, founded in 1339. It's the oldest continuously operating bell foundry in the world, Italy's oldest family business, and the official provider of bells to the Vatican. Food lovers can sample Cavatelli, a local pasta specialty, paired with Tintilia, a rare red wine unique to Molise. The region is also home to seven one-star Michelin restaurants and several local food tours that showcase its rustic culinary traditions. While Molise's quiet charm and untouched landscapes make it a special destination, visitors should note that English is not widely spoken, making it a truly authentic Italian experience for those eager to explore one of the country's hidden gems.Southern Italy: Sun, Sea, and Ancient WondersCampania The birthplace of Neapolitan pizza, the Mediterranean Diet, and Mozzarella di Bufala, Campania is one of Italy's most vibrant and culturally rich regions. Home to the bustling regional capital Naples (Napoli), it boasts some of the country's most iconic destinations, including Pompeii, the stunning Amalfi Coast, and the tranquil Cilento Coast.Along the sparkling, deep-blue waters of the Golfo di Napoli, you'll find must-visit coastal towns like Positano, Amalfi, and Ravello, as well as the famous islands of Ischia, Capri, and the colorful Procida. Visitors can hike the breathtaking Path of the Gods, explore the hauntingly preserved ruins of Archaeological Pompeii, forever shadowed by the gray cone of Mt. Vesuvius, and savor the region's culinary gems like ultra-fresh seafood and crisp Falanghina wine.History and culture lovers shouldn't miss Sansevero Chapel Museum, San Carlo Theatre, the Catacombs of San Gennaro, and the lush Villa Cimbrone Gardens. Campania also impresses with its historic castles, including the Royal Palace of Caserta, Ovo Castle, and Castello Aragonese d'Ischia. Wine enthusiasts should head to the province of Avellino, known for producing some of the best wines in southern Italy.Tourissimo Tip–Wine is also grown inland on the Amalfi Coast, and there are some vines that are 250 years old (pre-phylloxera): https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/old-vines-on-the-amalfi-coastNature lovers will be drawn to the Cilento, Vallo di Diano, and Alburni National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site celebrated for its biodiversity, dramatic landscapes, and cultural heritage, featuring ancient ruins like Paestum and Velia, the majestic Padula Charterhouse, and idyllic coastal villages.Campania is also a paradise for food lovers, home to 51 Michelin-starred restaurants, including one three-star, eight two-star, and forty-two one-star establishments. From world-famous landmarks to hidden treasures, Campania offers an irresistible blend of history, nature, food, and coastal charm.CalabriaWith its rugged coastlines, dramatic landscapes, and hidden treasures, Calabria is a must-visit region in southern Italy. Known for its bold flavors and rich culinary traditions, visitors should sample 'Nduja, a spicy, spreadable sausage paste, and the region's famous Calabrian chiles. The local cuisine embraces cucina povera, a tradition of simple, hearty dishes featuring handmade pasta made with just flour and water. Calabria offers a growing fine dining scene with six one-star Michelin restaurants. For nature lovers, Calabria is home to three stunning national parks — Sila, Aspromonte, and Pollino — ideal for hiking, wildlife spotting, and immersing in untouched landscapes. Along the coast, Capo Vaticano stands out as one of the world's most beautiful beaches, offering breathtaking views and crystal-clear waters. History buffs and castle enthusiasts can explore impressive fortresses like Castello Ruffo di Scilla, Castello Murat, Castello di Le Castella, and Castello Aragonese. Don't miss charming towns and villages such as Tropea, famous for its clifftop views and beaches, as well as Scilla, Pentedattilo, and Le Castella. With its authentic culture, stunning coastlines, flavorful cuisine, and rich history, Calabria remains one of Italy's most captivating yet underrated regions.Tourissimo Tip–Way off the beaten path, lies a  unique museum in Mammola, Calabria https://calabriastraordinaria.it/en/news/visit-to-musaba-the-sistine-chapel-of-calabriaPugliaKnown as the Maldives of Italy, Puglia is a sun-drenched region celebrated for its whitewashed hill towns, ancient olive groves, and miles of stunning coastline. With a dry Mediterranean climate and scenery that often feels more Greek than Italian, Puglia is famed for its beaches in Salento, crystal-clear waters, and charming seaside towns. One of its most iconic sights is the fairytale-like trulli houses of Alberobello, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This region is also a food lover's paradise, offering specialties like Orecchiette pasta with turnip greens, the classic Fave e Cicoria (fava bean purée with wild chicory), and fresh seafood paired with crisp vegetables. Wine lovers can savor Primitivo, a bold local red. For fine dining, the region boasts nine one-star Michelin restaurants, blending rustic flavors with refined culinary creativity.Puglia is dotted with unique cities and towns worth exploring, including Locorotondo, Otranto, Lecce, Monopoli, Ostuni, Gallipoli, Bari, Alberobello, and Polignano a Mare. Nature and history enthusiasts will enjoy visiting extraordinary sites like the Grotte di Castellana, the dramatic Cave of Poetry, the ancient Basilica San Nicola, and the scenic Gargano Peninsula. With its thousand-year-old olive trees, Puglia is the largest olive oil producer in the world, known for its strong, spicy oils. The locals here are famously warm and welcoming, going out of their way to make visitors feel at home.Puglia's blend of natural beauty, rich tradition, and heartfelt hospitality makes it one of Italy's most captivating and underrated destinations.Tourissimo Tip–Here are some of the gems of Puglia: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/some-of-the-gems-of-pugliaBasilicataBasilicata, a remote yet captivating region with a population of just 500,000, offers a wealth of unique experiences despite its secluded location. Among its most intriguing destinations are the ghost town of Craco and the ancient cave city of Matera, both steeped in history and cinematic charm. Other towns worth visiting include Maratea and Palombaroa, each offering its own cultural and scenic appeal.Tourissimo Tip–Matera is magical! https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/destination-highlight-matera-the-city-of-stonesThe region is rich in historical and religious landmarks, such as the Crypt of Original Sin with its remarkable frescoes, and the medieval Melfi Castle. Don't miss the towering Statue of Christ the Redeemer in Maratea, a striking monument that overlooks the Tyrrhenian coast.For a taste of local flavor, try Peperoni Cruschi—crispy, sun-dried peppers that are a beloved regional delicacy. Basilicata is also known for its exceptional wines, especially the bold, full-bodied reds of Aglianico del Vulture DOC, made primarily from the Aglianico grape. White wine lovers will appreciate the region's Greco di Tufo and Fiano varietals as well. Basilicata also has a total of 14 one-star Michelin restaurants. Adventurers can experience an adrenaline rush on The Angel's Flight, a giant zip line that offers stunning views and a thrilling ride through the Lucanian landscape.SicilySicily, the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, is a world of its own, offering a diverse landscape of coastlines, mountains, and magical towns such as Cefalù, Palermo, Taormina, Catania, Noto, Agrigento, and Syracuse. Palermo serves as the cultural and diplomatic capital of the region, while Catania stands as its business hub.A volcanic island and UNESCO World Heritage Site, Sicily boasts a rich collection of cultural and natural treasures. Highlights include the awe-inspiring Valley of the Temples, the active volcano Mount Etna, the stunning Duomo di Cefalù, and the picturesque islands of Stromboli, Bella, and Ortigia. The region is also home to the renowned Baroque Triangle in the Val di Noto region of southeastern Sicily, where the eight towns of Caltagirone, Militello Val di Catania, Catania, Modica, Noto, Palazzolo Acreide, Ragusa, and Scicli have been recognized by UNESCO for their outstanding examples of late Baroque architecture.Sicily's culinary scene is just as impressive. Indulge in traditional Sicilian cannoli, filled with sheep's milk ricotta cheese and always stuffed fresh to order. Take a street food tour to savor local favorites like arancini, and don't miss sipping on a glass of Nero d'Avola, one of Sicily's most famous wines. The region is also internationally celebrated for its top-tier agriculture and winemaking.For a taste of authentic Italian charm beyond the tourist trail, explore the towns featured in I Borghi Più Belli d'Italia—Italy's list of its most beautiful hidden gems. Tourissimo Tip–This is a great tip for all 20 regions of Italy. Find out more here: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/the-most-beautiful-small-towns-in-italyFood lovers will be delighted to know that Sicily is also home to 23 Michelin-starred restaurants, including three two-star establishments and twenty with one star.Tourissimo Tip–If you visit Corleone, you should definitely learn about the legacy of the Mafia. We in North America tend to have a romanticized view of the mafia, but for the locals, the history is more brutal. See some photos and learn more here: https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/letizia-battaglia-groundbreaking-photojournalist-who-fearlessly-documented-the-mafia-in-her-native-sicilySardiniaSardinia, the second-largest island in the Mediterranean after Sicily, is a rugged, rural paradise known for its natural beauty, deep-rooted traditions, and ancient history. The island is home to features like the Apennine Coast, the Adriatic Coast, and the Apennine Mountains. Most of Sardinia's population lives in the capital region of Cagliari, but much of the island remains untouched, offering visitors a glimpse into authentic Italian island life.One of Sardinia's most fascinating distinctions is that the Barbagia region is recognized as a Blue Zone—an area with an unusually high number of centenarians. This longevity is attributed to the region's healthy diet, active lifestyle, and strong sense of community. For outdoor enthusiasts, inland Sardinia offers some of the best biking and hiking experiences in all of Italy.Tourissimo Tip–What is a Blue Zone? https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/blue-zoneThe island's coastlines are just as enticing. Costa Smeralda is often described as paradise on earth, with stunning beaches like Spiaggia di Tuerredda, Cala Goloritzé, and Spiaggia di Porto Giunco perfect for sunbathing and swimming. Don't miss the La Maddalena Archipelago National Park (Parco Nazionale dell'Arcipelago di La Maddalena), a protected area with crystal-clear waters and pristine landscapes.Charming towns such as Alghero, Bosa, and Cagliari add to the island's appeal. Many of Sardinia's towns are nestled in the mountains located in the island's center, offering a peaceful and scenic escape.Cultural and historical attractions abound. Must-see sites include the Nora Archaeological Park, Bastione di Saint Remy, Parco Archeologico Naturalistico di Santa Cristina, and the Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Cagliari. For an unforgettable natural wonder, venture into the Frecce delle grotte srl and Neptune's Grotto, stunning sea caves accessible by boat or stairs carved into cliffs.Sardinia is also home to a unique ancient civilization. Scattered across the island are over 7,000 nuraghe—megalithic stone structures built during the Nuragic Age (c. 1900–730 BC). These mysterious, tower-like buildings are the island's most iconic symbol, and some scholars believe there were once over 10,000 nuraghe structures in total.Religious architecture also impresses, with highlights like the Cattedrale di Santa Maria Assunta e Santa Cecilia, the Church of the Holy Trinity of Saccargia, and the Basilica di San Simplicio showcasing Sardinia's spiritual and artistic heritage.Sardinian cuisine reflects its mountainous geography. Surprisingly, for an island, the diet leans more toward land-based ingredients than seafood. Signature dishes include Porceddu (roast pig), Fregola (a traditional Sardinian pasta), and the adventurous Casu marzu—a sheep's milk cheese intentionally infested with live maggots and considered a local delicacy. Sardinia also holds 16 one-star Michelin restaurants.To accompany these flavors, try a glass of Cannonau red wine, known for its high polyphenol content and potential health benefits, or the refreshing Vermentino white wine, perfect for warm Mediterranean days.Tourissimo Tip–Magic Trick or Pasta Making? https://www.tourissimo.travel/blog/magic-trick-or-pasta-making From the Alps to the Mediterranean, each Italian region is a world of its own. Want to see it all? Check out Tourissimo's amazing trip planning and Italian information at tourissimo.travel! Buon viaggio!From the Alps to the Mediterranean, each Italian region is a world of its own. Want to see it all? Check out Tourissimo's amazing trip planning and Italian information at tourissimo.travel! Buon viaggio! 

Recevez 10% de remise avec le code HYROX10 : https://bit.ly/nutripure-extraterrien-hyrox ❤️Découvrez le parcours inspirant de Thomas, depuis ses débuts difficiles en sport jusqu'à sa détermination inébranlable à exceller. Thomas partage comment il a surmonté ses limites physiques et mentales, en passant par une véritable transformation personnelle et professionnelle.Découvrez des discussions profondes sur l'entraînement hybride, la gestion de la récupération et l'importance d'une alimentation adaptée.À travers cet échange, Thomas révèle aussi comment il perçoit les critiques autour du dopage, avec une philosophie de travail et une intégrité qui le guident chaque jour.Chapitres :00:00 – Rencontre avec notre invité du jour05:51 – Les premiers pas sportifs d'un enfant passionné12:46 – Se construire grâce à la rigueur quotidienne27:33 – Avancer malgré les obstacles : l'effort comme moteur32:41 – Relever un nouveau défi physique40:58 – Goût pour l'effort long : l'appel de l'endurance49:16 – S'entraîner de manière hybride : trouver l'équilibre57:07 – Le sommeil : pilier souvent négligé de la perf'01:02:09 – Écouter son corps… et ses datas01:07:16 – Calories et entraînement : tout est question de timing01:14:16 – Structurer ses sorties running intelligemment01:22:19 – Courir à deux : conseils pour performer en duo01:25:18 – Quand explosivité et endurance se rencontrent01:37:38 – Livre et recommandationBon épisode

Note aux auditeurs et auditrices : cet épisode a été diffusé pour la première fois le vendredi 4 octobre 2024"T'as déjà préparé une vinaigrette?" : un économe à la main, Sidy, 17 ans, fait non de la tête. Arrivé en France sans ses parents, le jeune guinéen est accueilli, le temps d'un week-end dans une famille bretonne. Recevoir des mineurs migrants isolés pendant des vacances ou le temps d'un week-end, c'est ce que proposent des familles de l'ouest de la France, grâce à un dispositif appelé “Familles solidaires”. Le but est de permettre aux mineurs non accompagnés de découvrir la vie à la française et de construire une relation privilégiée avec une famille.Sur le Fil vous emmène sur les pas d'Anaïs Llobet, journaliste au bureau de l'AFP à Rennes. Elle a partagé des moments de vie avec Sidy et sa famille bretonne, Alicia, Frédéric et leur fille Ana, 10 ans.Réalisation : Maxime MametLien pour l'initiative Familles solidaires : https://www.ille-et-vilaine.fr/familles-solidairesSur le Fil est le podcast quotidien de l'AFP.Vous avez d'autres commentaires ? Ecrivez-nous à podcast@afp.com. Vous pouvez aussi nous envoyer une note vocale par Whatsapp au + 33 6 79 77 38 45.Si vous aimez, abonnez-vous, parlez de nous autour de vous et laissez-nous plein d'étoiles sur votre plateforme de podcasts préférée pour mieux faire connaître notre programme. Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

In this episode of the Arsenal Women Arsecast, Tim and Jamie pick over the 2-1 first leg UWCL semi-final defeat at home to Lyon, Tim and Jamie discuss the line ups, the slow start followed by the response, the missed chances and how Lyon's quality told in the key moments, then there is some discussion about how Arsenal can overturn the deficit in France. In the second half, Tim and Jamie take listener questions from Bluesky about the substitutions, the midfield, the scheduling of the game and tweaks and changes for the second leg.Get extra bonus content and help support Arseblog by becoming an Arseblog Member on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/arseblog Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Something extraordinary is unfolding across the globe. This Easter weekend wasn't just a celebration, it was a worldwide spiritual awakening. With record-breaking church attendance, historic baptism numbers, and an unexpected surge in faith among Gen Z, especially young men, the resurrection of Christ is being proclaimed with new fervor and power. From Ethiopia to France, from college arenas to ancient cathedrals, the signs of a global religious renewal are impossible to ignore. In this episode, I talk about the awe-inspiring scenes and stats that point to the single greatest Easter revival in modern history.–-Go to https://hometitlelock.com/turleytalks and use promo code TURLEYTALKS to get a FREE title history report so you can find out if you're already a victim AND 14 days of protection for FREE! And make sure to check out the Million Dollar TripleLock protection details when you get there! Exclusions apply. For details, visit https://hometitlelock.com/warranty.*If you wanna take advantage of this ECONOMIC BOOM, click on the link https://neoscdg.org/golden-age-summit or scan the QR code and get registered!**The content presented by sponsors may contain affiliate links. When you click and shop the links, Turley Talks may receive a small commission.*Highlights:"Reports from all over the world indicate that we may indeed be seeing the single greatest religious renewal ever!"Here in the States, a record-breaking 350 people were baptized at St. Patrick's Cathedral. That's nothing less than a year's worth of baptisms in a single day!"“Young men are increasingly attracted to a highly traditionalized version of Christianity.”Timestamps: [00:21] Easter celebrations around the globe with record-breaking church attendance[03:52] Conversion stats from France, the UK, Belgium, and the U.S[07:58] Rise of Gen Z, particularly young men, embracing traditional Christianity [11:11] The enduring power of Christ's resurrection in a secularizing world--Thank you for taking the time to listen to this episode. If you enjoyed this episode, please subscribe and/or leave a review.FOLLOW me on X (Twitter): https://twitter.com/DrTurleyTalksSign up for the 'New Conservative Age Rising' Email Alerts to get lots of articles on conservative trends: https://turleytalks.com/subscribe-to-our-newsletter**The use of any copyrighted material in this podcast is done so for educational and informational purposes only including parody, commentary, and criticism. See Hosseinzadeh v. Klein, 276 F.Supp.3d 34 (S.D.N.Y. 2017); Equals Three, LLC v. Jukin Media, Inc., 139 F. Supp. 3d 1094 (C.D. Cal. 2015). It is believed that this constitutes a "fair use" of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law.

The Orlando Pride looked unbeatable through four weeks of the NWSL. Then, a depleted Washington Spirit, missing 11 players including Trinity Rodman, came along. On this week's Full Time Review, host Jillian Sakovits discusses how the Spirit pulled off the biggest result of the 2025 season so far, as well as the other top stories from the NWSL weekend. PLUS: The Athletic's Laia Cervello also joins the podcast to report on the UEFA Women's Champions League semifinal first legs, where Barcelona humbled Chelsea. _______________ Articles mentioned on the show: Trinity Rodman stepping away from Washington Spirit to address back issues Depleted Spirit defeats reigning NWSL champion despite Trinity Rodman's absence USWNT's Trinity Rodman: ‘I don't know if my back will ever be 100 percent' Barcelona punish Chelsea to take three-goal lead in Women's Champions League semi-final Arsenal endure their reminder of Lyon's pedigree but still go to France with hope Arsenal edged out by Lyon in first leg of Women's Champions League semi-final _______________ HOST: Jillian Sakovits GUEST: Laia Cervello PRODUCER: Theo Lloyd-Hughes VIDEO PRODUCER: Lia Griffin EXECUTIVE PRODUCER: Emily Olsen _______________ Get in touch: fulltime@theathletic.com Follow on Instagram and TikTok: @tafulltime Subscribe to the Full Time newsletter here Visit the Yahoo Women's Sports hub here Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In April 1944, the Allies planned Exercise Tiger to practise their landing on France's Normandy beaches ahead of D-Day. During the rehearsal, a German fleet attacked, sinking two allied ships. Around 749 US servicemen died.The Allies' military leaders ordered troops not to discuss the disaster because they didn't want to damage morale or give away the D-Day plans. So, Exercise Tiger was largely forgotten for decades.Ben Henderson tells the story using archive interviews with Paul Gerolstein, who was on board one of the ships that came under attack.Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.Archive: Exercise Tiger Memorial Ltd courtesy of Dean Small and Laurie Bolton, audio/visual maintained by Chris Kirsten of CeeVisk David FitzGerald(Photo: US troops ahead of D-Day. Credit: AP)

Last time we spoke about Operation Nekka, the Invasion of Rehe Province. In 1932, the Kwantung Army eyed Rehe province as vital for Manchukuo's success. General Tang Yulin, ruling Rehe, initially favored Japanese interests due to economic ties, particularly in opium. Tensions escalated after a Japanese civilian was abducted, prompting military actions that led to skirmishes in Shanhaiguan. Amidst growing conflict, Zhang Xueliang mobilized forces against Tang, who eventually conceded. As Japan prepared for invasion, both sides strategized, with Chiang Kai-Shek reluctant to engage directly, fearing Japanese influence over his rivals. Operation Nekka commenced, showcasing the Kwantung Army's efficiency as they swiftly routed Chinese forces in Rehe. By March 4th, key passes were captured, but fierce resistance emerged. General Nishi faced counterattacks, leading to strategic retreats. Meanwhile, Chiang Kai-Shek struggled with internal conflicts while managing the Japanese threat. As the Kwantung Army pushed beyond the Great Wall, logistical issues arose, prompting political maneuvers to secure local warlord alliances. However, plans faltered when Zhang Qingyao, a potential ally, was assassinated.   #147 The Battle for the Great Wall of China Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. Thus in the previous episode, Operation Nekka had been unleashed. The Kwangtung Army tossed 2 divisions into Rehe province with the intent of forcing its annexation into Manchukuo. They were under strict orders to not extend operations past the Great Wall of China. However they believed it was necessary to seize the main gateways along the Great Wall of China to establish their new borders, and in order to do so this absolutely required going past them. Yet military operations were not the only means to secure their goals. The Japanese forces faced significant logistical challenges, including a shortage of troops, having advanced into Rehe with only 20,000 men. Even the most resolute general in the Kwantung Army doubted that their military strength could prevail against the vast numbers of Chinese troops in the plains of Hubei. As a result, they needed to supplement their military efforts with political strategies targeting regional warlords. The tactic of bribing local elites had proven highly effective during the pacification of Manchuria, and there was no reason to think it wouldn't work in North China as well. All of these actions were carried out without any oversight from Tokyo headquarters.   On February 13, 1933, Itagaki Seishiro, who was then the head of the Mukden Special Service Agency, was transferred to the General Staff without any formal announcement of his promotion. He took up a position in Tientsin specifically to initiate political maneuvers in eastern Hubei, leading to the establishment of the Tientsin Special Service Agency. Initially, this agency sought to engage various competing warlords in North China, including Duan Qirui, Wu Peifu, and Sun Chuanfang, but eventually focused on Zhang Qingyao. Zhang had previously been a protégé of Duan Qirui, serving as the civil and military governor of Henan province. He had fought against Zhang Zuolin in 1925 before shifting his allegiance to Wu Peifu. During the second phase of the Northern Expedition, Zhang Qingyao again battled Zhang Zuolin, who was then in control of the National Pacification Army. After the Northern Expedition concluded, he allied with Yan Xishan's forces in Shanxi. So yeah it would seem he was not a man of principles nor loyalties of any kind. The Tientsin Special Service Agency initially aimed to approach Zhang Qingyao in hopes that he could orchestrate a coup d'état against Chiang Kai-Shek. They also hoped to persuade other figures such as Song Queyuan, Zhang Zuoxiang, Fang Chenwu, Xu Yusan, Zhang Tingshu, Sun Tienying, and Feng Zhanhai to join in. If successful, this could lead to a swift takeover of North China as they were advancing towards Peiping after taking the Great Wall. However, on May 7, Zhang Qingyao was assassinated, completely derailing their plans. With Zhang Qingyao dead, the agency concentrated their efforts instead to instigate riots in the Peiping-Tientsin region. They also began encouraging and propping up new political organizations that sought to form an independent northern regime. One scheme they were performing was to form a committee composed of Northern Warlords headed by Lu Zengyu, a banker who had studied in Japan. The idea was to form an anti-Chiang Kai-Shek coalition to carve out north china. The agency received a significant amount of funds to make ends meet. Itagaki alone would spend over 50,000 yen to try and bring about an anti-Chiang regime in the north. Some sources indicated over 3 billion yen being allocated to the IJA to be dished out to various Chinese warlords and elites in the form of bribes.  Meanwhile operations in the district east of the Luan River saw attacks formed against the Xumenzhai and Lengkou gateways. On April 1st, the Kwantung Army issued Order 491, seeing the Iwata detachment of the IJA 6th Division storm through the Xumenzhai gate and succeed in securing a supply route behind the great wall to help with the assaults against the other gateways in the region. By April 10th, the IJA 6th Division was making steady progress against the Lengkou gate. The next day they stormed through and captured Qienqangying, pursuing the retreating Chinese to the banks of the Luan River. Meanwhile the IJA 8th Division were facing a much more difficult situation. On the 12th, they captured Xifengkou, but their assault against Quehlingkou was going nowhere. After repeated assaults, the Chinese finally retreated, allowing the Japanese to focus on Taitouying. Thus from the 10th to the 23rd the gateways in northeastern Hubei were all falling into Japanese hands. The Kawahara Brigade was well on its way towards Nantienmen. The Operations within the Great Wall area had been fully authorized by Generals Nishi and Sakamoto. However there still existed limits upon the operations. For example, Operations order 495 issued by General Muto given on the 11th stated "Without specific orders, pursuit by the main force of ground troops is to be limited to the line connecting Hotung, Chiench'angying, and T'ait'ouying; but air units are to be limited to the Luan River."  Meanwhile the Special Service Agency in Tientsin had reported that Zhang Qingyao would stage a coup on the 21st and this prompted Song Queyuans troops to prevent the Central Army forces from fleeing towards Peiping. The Agency requested that the Kwantung Army not return to the Great Wall and instead perform a feint attack towards Peiping and Tientsin to scare the Chinese. As the plot was reaching its climax, on the 18th the Kwantung Army chief of staff, General Koiso Kuniaki issued a order for the 8th Division to strike in full force against the Gubeikou area. The Kwantung Army's plan was to bomb Miyun while launching their feint attack in combination with an all out effort to break Gubeikou. However on the night of the 18th, all of these plans changed dramatically. Suddenly General Muto issued Operations Order 498, hastily ordering all forces to withdraw to the Great Wall. Emperor Hirohito had decided to put his foot down. In Tokyo the emperor asked the vice chief of the General Staff, Lieutenant-General Mazaki Jinzaburö, "Has the Kwantung Army withdrawn from the Luan River line?" The vice chief retired from the imperial presence with a sense of guilt and wrote a confidential letter to the commander of the Kwantung Army. It was personally carried by Infantry Captain Katö [Michio] of the General Staff, who on April 19 arrived at the capital [of Manchukuo] bearing an imperial rescript. The vice chief also cabled to the chief of staff of the Kwantung Army a highly confidential dispatch, the main point of which stated, "Withdraw your troops immediately, or an imperial command will be issued." Thereupon the chief of staff of the Kwantung Army directed staff officer Endò Saburò to draft the withdrawal order. Thus as a result, the Kwantung Army began a withdrawal on the 21st, the same day the Peiping coup was to be unleashed. Those around Emperor Hirohito at this time have gone on the record to state it seemed to them, the emperor had hesitated heavily on issuing the withdrawal order. His motivations for giving the order are simply, the Kwantung Army had gone against his decrees, it was an identical situation to what had happened at Mukden in 1931. The Kwantung Army had no choice but to submit to what essentially was him “asking them to stop”. With that, operations east of the Luan River were over, for now. The order was certainly a critical blow to the Agency in Tientsin. How did they react? They doubled down on the coup effort. Likewise Koiso did not stop the 8th Division operation at Gubeikou. Instead the 8th Division was given orders "to maintain a menacing attitude toward hostile forces in North China." In accordance, the 3800 man Kawahara Brigade on direct orders from General Nishi, launched an attack against two Central Army Divisions numbered nearly 30,000 men stationed at Nantienmen. After a brutal week of battle the Kawahara Brigade seized the town. Meanwhile a battalion of 280 men led by Colonel Shimmura Eijiro attacked a central army force around 4000 strong at Xinglong. They suffered a 38% rate of casualties by the night of the 27th. The Battalion was nearly annihilated when suddenly the Chinese withdrew enabling the Japanese to slip by. Meanwhile the Piping coup did not materialize as planned on the 21st. Instead a secondary coup was initiated by Zhang Zuoxiang on the 26, but this misfired greatly. Reports began to emerge that troops led by Zhang Tingxu, Sun Tienying, Feng Zhanhai and Xu Yusan were willing to rebel in response to the failed coup attempts, but this proved completely false. A report issued on the 30th stated troops under Fang Chenwu were rebelling against Chiang Kai-Shek. However in reality Fang Chenwu only advanced his force north on May 10th and it was to join the anti-Japanese forces.  From mid April to mid May, the United States, Britain, France and Germany finally entered the fray in North China. It was an extremely chaotic situation for everyone. The Japanese military in Tokyo had no control nor idea what the Kwantung Army was doing, so when they tried to explain their actions to the international community, they continuously were walking over rakes. All the talk from Tokyo seemed incomprehensible to the other great powers. The Chinese were clamouring the entire time for a ceasefire agreement, but lacked the means to force the Japanese to do so. Japan had left the League of Nations, thus was extremely isolated and insecure in regards to foreign relations. Thus if a nation like Britain or the US had actually put their foot down, the Japanese more than likely would have backed off. Another element to this debacle was the stance of the Imperial Japanese Navy, who had made it adamantly clear they had zero intention of fighting off the British or Americans because of their unruly siblings within the Army. However, both Britain and America were too preoccupied with internal strife, mostly the result of the Great Depression, to devote considerable effort to the crisis in China. The League of Nations remained completely useless during the North China incident, similarly to how they were useless with the Manchurian incident. The Lytton Commission had performed an on the spot inquiry, and it did play a role in establishing a ceasefire by the time of the Shanghai incident, but did nothing to really help China. China had begun appealing to the League when Shanhaiguan was attacked and this prompted the nations of the league to rapidly agree to the Lytton Commission report's recommendations. In turn this led Matsuoka Yosuke to walk out on the league. With Japan out of the League, Wellington Koo proposed harsh sanctions upon Japan in response to their invasion of Rehe province. Yet they did nothing. China would continuously make pleas, but it was to no avail.  Rather than rely upon the League, the Chinese began secret talks with Japanese officials aiming first for a ceasefire. Tang Erho, Lee Shuzheng and Wang Komin attempted talks, but failed. Then Chen Yi the political vice minister of military affairs, secretly spoke with Nemoto Hiroshi, an army attache at the Shanghai legation on April 27th. They established negotiations with Nemoto speaking on behalf of the Kwantung Army and Chen Yi on behalf of Ho Yingqin. The Chinese were clearly more eager than the Japanese for a ceasefire, but the Japanese no longer had a rationale to continue their operation. Regardless the Japanese took the victors stance and demanded the Chinese withdraw from the battlefield as a prerequisite to further Japanese advances. In the first meeting, Nemoto told Chen that the Kwantung Army had already withdrawn from the area east of the Luan River to give Ho Yingqin an opportunity to consider a ceasefire. He described the action as a friendly gesture and suggested the Chinese reciprocate it by withdrawing their troops. Chen countered this by claiming Ho Yingqin had shown his own sincerity at the battle of Nantienmen by ordering his troops to withdraw to a second line of defense, hoping this would allow the Japanese to pull away from Nantienmen. However by May 1st, the Japanese claimed they had captured and secured Nantienmen, so Nemoto informed Chen the Chinese forces north of the Great Wall should withdraw to a line connecting Miyun, Pinkou, Yutien and the Luan River. On May 2nd, the Chinese sent a reply to this, completely ignoring the line idea and instead referred to the recent battle at Xinglong and explained the local commander there was eager for a victory and refused to withdraw despite being asked twice to do so. The Chinese also notified Nemoto that a Political affairs council headed by Huang Fu was being established at Peiping, and it should be through that body that further negotiations were held. The Japanese welcomed this development. Just as it seemed the Shanghai talks were paving a way to a ceasefire, the leadership of the Kwantung Army abandoned their political maneuvers in favor of a settlement. On April 30th the Tientsin Special Service Agency insisted to their Japanese colleagues, the Chinese were just buying time and not sincere in their actions. That same day the Army General Staff and Foreign Ministry suddenly refused to initiate a ceasefire on the grounds the Chinese had agreed to an armistice only to save face. Lt Colonel Nagatsu Sahishige, the army attache at Peiping urged the 8th Division to rapidly strike southwards as far as Miyun to annihilate He Yingqin's planned counteroffensive. Such an action would immediately threaten the Peiping-Tientsin region. To push the envelope, the Japanese could toss a new Division into the mix and force further negotiations when the Chinese withdrew south of Miyun. Clearly the Japanese had their eyes set on Miyun now. As such General Nishi was secretly told to capture it without any direction from Tokyo HQ, nor from most of the Kwantung Army leadership. The Operations department of the Kwantung Army also independently elected to move troops east of the Luan River again. They argued "the enemy again advances east of the Luan River and persists in its defiant attitude. Therefore we must again deal them a crushing blow." The IJA 6th Division had been evacuated to the Great Wall back on April 23rd and along the way were closely pursued by Chinese forces. General Sakamoto sent a plan to the Kwantung Army headquarters "to again drive the enemy west of the Luan River,". A lot of chaos was reigning within the Japanese military because they were in echo chambers and not relaying information to another. When the Kwantung Army Operations department suddenly proposed a new advance east of the Luan River, on May 2nd a heated exchange took place between them and the Kwantung Army Intelligence Section: “INTELLIGENCE SECTION: The defiant attitude of the enemy is a matter of degree. While it is indisputable that some of their forces continue defiant, their main force is still stationed west of the Luan River. Therefore, a defiant attitude on the part of the enemy is not sufficient reason to deal them a crushing blow. The Kwantung Army withdrew from the Luan River line only ten days ago. As we understand it, the purpose was to comply with the imperial wish. If the army begins operations on a flimsy pretext at this time, inviting intervention by the central leadership, how can the honor of the commander in chief be maintained? What we should now attack are rather the enemy forces facing the 8th Division. For this, we should employ additional strength. By dealing a severe blow to the Chinese Central Army forces in this area, we can threaten Peiping and the operation should be all the more effective.  OPERATIONS SECTION: Due to the limitations of our supply capacity, we cannot use more than a certain level of forces against the enemy facing the 8th Division. Since the enemy east of the Luan River maintains a defiant attitude, they must be punished regardless of their strength.  INTELLIGENCE SECTION: Since the seizure of Nant'ienmen the 8th Division lacks the capability of pursuing the enemy. This is an unavoidable consequence of the small strength of its force from the outset of the operation. Isn't the First [Operations] Section uncertain that the enemy can be defeated even by the main force of the 8th Division, and doesn't it intend ultimately to deploy the 6th Division southward in concert with action by the 8th Division? If this is the case, it is understandable, and this section is not necessarily against it.   OPERATIONS SECTION: That is not what this section is considering.  INTELLIGENCE SECTION: In that case, there is no clear justification for launching the operation. The objective of the operation must be plainly spelled out to all concerned, from His Majesty at the top down to the lowest private. There must not be the slightest doubt about it.” After this conversation the Intelligence department debated amongst themselves before relaying another response at midnight, ultimately not approving it. The next day the Operations department sent a telegram to the negotiations team in Peiping: “1) Under present conditions, the Kwantung Army has no intention of accepting a cease-fire proposal for the time being, particularly because there are signs suggesting intervention by third countries in the matter.  2) Previously the Kwantung Army suggested the Miyun-Yiit'ienLuan River line as the retreat line for the Chinese army; but this did not mean it was to be their front line after a cease-fire. It rather indicated a line to which the Chinese army should immediately and voluntarily retreat as evidence of their sincerity. In other words, a cease-fire cannot be negotiated until they retreat to this line and abandon their provocative attitude, and until this is confirmed by the Kwantung Army. Their mere retreat to the indicated line, in today's circumstances, is not sufficient reason for us to respond to the cease-fire proposal. According to Peking telegram 483 [not identified], it appears that the intentions of our army have been somewhat misunderstood. Even if the Chinese retreat to the indicated line and display the sincerity of their intentions, we may possibly demand a retreat line farther south. We believe negotiations in this region should be handled by the central leadership in Tokyo rather than by the Kwantung Army. Act on this understanding.”   So after this message, the Intelligence department accused the Operations department of trying to find any excuse to renew the advance and sent a wire to Nemoto on April 29th "If the Chinese suddenly perceive their mistake, . . . we will not make war for the fun of it." However the Intelligence department was suddenly overruled by Colonel Kita who cabled the negotiators that the Operations department now had full approval from Kwantung Army vice chief of staff Okamura Yasuji. When General Muto received this notice he questioned "This draft order, states that the enemy has moved into the region east of the Luan River and is showing a provocative attitude. I did not receive such a report from the Second [Intelligence] Section before my departure from Hsinching. Does this mean there has been a subsequent change in the situation?" After being informed more so, Muto simply stated he wished to wait until the chief of staff could speak to him. Obviously Muto was getting wet feet and did not want to perform any actions not in accordance with Tokyo HQ, as Emperor Hirohito had put his foot down.  On May 3rd, General Koiso and Operations Department staff officer Endo Saburo spoke with Muto, indicating they had approval of Tokyo HQ general staff and even the Emperor. So Muto relented for a second advance and issued Order 503 on May 3rd to the IJA 6th and 8th Divisions. Now the Army General Staff were dragged into the Kwantung Army's debacle fully. So they drew up an emergency draft plan for measures in North China. To this aim:  “Through continuing pressure by the military might of the Kwantung Army, applied in concert with various political measures in North China, the Chinese forces in North China are to be compelled to make a substantia] surrender or to dissolve, thereby resulting in the withdrawal of the Chinese army along the China-Manchukuo border and in the establishment of peace in this area”.  Added to this the General Staff suggested a large counteroffensive be driven along the Great Wall and a formal truce agreement should be concluded once three conditions had been met: “(a) that Chinese forces had retreated voluntarily south and west of a line connecting Hsuanhua, Shunyi, Sanho, Yüt'ien, Luanchou, and Lot'ing; (b) that anti-Japanese activities had been controlled; and (c) that the preceding had been verified by the Japanese army”. Under immense pressure from the renewed Japanese advance, the Chinese government on May 3rd, had pushed for a new body to tackle the North China situation. That was the Peiping Political Affairs Council. It was composed of 22 members, headed by Huang Fu. Huang Fu was notably a pro-Japanese official, having been a graduate of the Tokyo Land Survey department training institute and had served early as a minister of foreign affairs. Since China had zero faith anymore in the League of Nations and believed if they failed to resolve the North China issue, this all might see a new civil war break out between Chiang Kai-Shek and Wang Jingwei. Thus everyone felt the time for active resistance was over and they must place all their effort into negotiations. Chiang Kai-Shek placed a great amount of authority upon Huang Fu and trusted the man. Huang Fu began his new task by speaking with all the political and financial leaders from both sides of the conflict to see how a real ceasefire could be met through dealmaking.  Meanwhile on May 6th the IJA 6th Division unleashed a new offensive south of the Great Wall and were followed by the 8th Division on the 11th. General Muto at this time made public statements blaming the Chinese for the renewed hostilities, making it seem the Japanese had intended to stay within the Great Wall area. The 6th Division swept across the sector east of the Luan River and by the 11th the Chinese defensive line collapsed. On the 12th the 6th Division crossed the Luan River, pursuing Yu Xuechengs 51st Army. In turn this threatened He Yingqin's main force who were facing the 8th Division. In the previous battles, Yu Xuechengs men had performed quite poorly and now even under direct command of He Yingqin were proving themselves helpless against the 6th division. Additionally Itagaki's agency over in Tientsin were using radio facilities to dispatch false directives from Chinese high command, ordering the forces to retreat from the front battle line. Two to three Chinese divisions were neutralized by these fake radio messages and in turn the Chinese became very demoralized at their lines. The 8th division had driven into the Gubeikou area on the 11th and it took them only a day to dislodge the Chinese from their line near Xuxiachen. By the 13th Xuxiachen had fallen completely. On the 11th and 12th, Japanese aircraft began flying over Peiping, as a demonstration of the terror they could deliver to the city at any moment. These developments altogether were pushing the Chinese civilians to demand of their politicians and generals that they appease the Japanese. Huang Fu proposed to Nemoto on the 12th that all Chinese troops could be withdrawn from Miyun to a line extending from Shunyi to Yutien and Tangshan. This was an enormous concession and nearly mirrored the line the Japanese had demanded.  The Japanese however, rejected the concession. To make matters worse for the Chinese, He Yingqin had been notified of the large concession proposal in advance and expected the Japanese to take it. Thus he had refrained from operating in strength at Miyun and did not significantly defend the path towards Peiping. It was the belief of the Japanese commanders, if they performed a full-scale attack towards Peiping now, He Yingqin would have no choice but to withdraw towards Shunyi. With this in mind the Japanese made a proposal on the 14th:  “1) According to the reports of the Peiping military attaché, the 8th Division should be prepared to advance in a single sweep to the southern limit of Miyun, if it is deemed necessary. Preparations for this attack should be expedited.  2) In conjunction with the above, front-line aircraft should take actions implying that a major Japanese offensive is about to begin.  3) In Tokyo, it should be announced publicly, in liaison with the Foreign Ministry, that the security of Jehol province cannot be guaranteed as long as the Chinese army remains in Miyun. Furthermore, every so often Japanese aircraft should make demonstration flights over the Shunyi-T'ungchou area.” Confronted with this, the Chinese were pretty screwed. The Chinese negotiations team were frantically searching for any way to force a ceasefire. Then the secretary of the Shanghai legation, Suma Yakichiro showed up to Peiping, which the Chinese viewed as a golden opportunity. The Chinese complained to him that the Kwantung Army had resumed their offensive and that a political agency in Tientsin were trying to enact coups. Suma bluntly told them the Japanese actions were backed fully by Tokyo and despite the Chinese belief that this was false or that Japan was facing a major financial deficit, this was all untrue.  While the dialogue continued to go nowhere, the 6th division had pursued the Chinese forces to the vicinity of Fengjun. Muto believed this had gone to far so he issued orders on May 13th limiting operations to the area north of a line connecting Miyun, Pingkou, Fegjun and Yungping. Now the 6th and 8th divisions were to assemble around Xuxiachen and Zunhua. Two days later he issued this statement to the public "If the Chinese army immediately abandons its hitherto provocative attitude and withdraws some distance from the border, our army will quickly return to the line of the Great Wall and pursue its regular task of maintaining security in Manchukuo." Likewise Muto ordered the Tientsin group to inform the Chinese that the Kwantung Army would return to the Great Wall if the Chinese forces retreated to the Shunyi-Yutien-Tangshan line. Nemoto forwarded all of this to Chen Yi. On May 15th He Yingqin ordered the withdrawal of the Chinese forces to a line between Malanyu, Linnantsang and Pamencheng.  With what seemed a imminent ceasefire at hand, the Kwantung Army HQ ordered the 6th and 8th divisions to take up positions strategically favorable for the negotiations to finally begin in ernest. On the 17th a draft ceasefire plan was drawn up. It envisioned the withdrawal of the Chinese forces to the Shunyi-Yutien-Tangshan line and in return the Japanese would pull back to the Great Wall area. Huang Fu was on his way back to Peiping from Shanghai for probably the 10th time in two weeks, when the Japanese captured Fengjun and Zhunhua, routing the Chinese across the Qi Canal to the right bank of the Pai River. The 6th Division then advanced towards Yutien and Xumenchen as the 8th division stood around Xuxiachn. When the Chinese began retreating from Miyun on May 18th, the 8th division suddenly converged upon Miyun. Muto was of course delighted by their new advantageous position and even briefly began talking to his colleagues about the prospect of just marching upon Peiping. Instead he decided to sweep through Miyun, Pingku and the Qi Canal, going even further west than he had stated he would back on the 13th.  With these new orders in hand, the 6th Division quickly captured Qixien on the 19th and further pursued retreating Chinese forces to Sanho. The 8th Division entered Miyun and two days later began advancing to Huaijou. By the 23rd Huaijou had fallen as the 6th Division reached the Qi Canal. These advances threatened the Peiping-Tientsin region. Both Japanese divisions halted on the 25th as the ceasefire was issued. With that last strike Muto felt he had significantly increased their poker hand going forward. Meanwhile Itagaki's team at Tientsin were still trying to bring about a coup. In tandem with the 8th Divisions attack on Miyun, the agency tried to engineer a revolt by the militia troops led by Song Queyuan, Fang Chenwu, Sun Tienying, amongst others. The idea was for these forces to occupy Peiping while wrecking havoc upon the Chinese central army within th region. The agency had attempting recruiting Wu Peifu, but the old jade marshal was unwilling, so they turned to this former protege, the chairman of Hubei, Yu Xuecheng. However he also declined. Yu Xuecheng was also approached by Hu Hanmin, looking to form an anti-Chiang Kai-Shek campaign in cooperation with Han Fuqu and Feng Yuxiang. To this Yu Xuecheng declined as well. Itagaki kept searching for disgruntled warlords, and then turned to Li Qiashan and Xu Yusan. Xu Yusan was a former ally to Feng Yuxiang with a history of anti-Chiang Kai-Shek actions. If they got the backing of his personal army, roughly 10,000 men strong at Tangshan they could do some real damage. On May 16th Xu Yusan declared independence and took up the Manchukuo 5 color flag in direct opposition to the Kuomintang. He began issuing the slogan “Hubi for the people of Hubei” as his army marched west along the Peiping-Shanhaiguan railway. His force reached the vicinity of Tangu whereupon they had increased to 30,000 and rumors emerged they would occupy Tientsin. This began a mass panic. . . for literally a day. His army collapsed into nothing more than a rabble as now had the stomach to actually fight their fellow countrymen.  Despite this grand failure, the Tientsin group continued with other plots. At 8 pm on May 19th, a Peiping bound train from Tangu, carrying Chinese soldiers was bombed around Tientsin station. The Japanese love bombing trains as we all know. This resulted in small incidents involving Japanese and Chinese officials, giving precedent for 600 Japanese troops led by Lt General Nakamura Kotaro to reinforce Tientsin on May 23rd. There were a few other incidents were supposedly Chinese agents were tossing grenades at Japanese officials. One of these officials was Major Mori Takeshi of the Japanese Army General Staff who was working in Tientsin. However the grenade thrown at him was a dud, and before the Japanese could seize it, some local Chinese grabbed it, finding a stamp on it bearing “Tokyo Artillery Arsenal”, oops.  These numerous incidents influenced the Chinese who feared Japan was trying to force an invasion into North China. To these rumors, He Yingqin insisted they mount a proper defense of Peiping, but many were arguing they had to further retreat. Meanwhile the Tientsin agency was told to stop performing incidents and instead secure northern warlords to their future cause. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. The battle for the Great Wall of China was coming to a bitter end for the Chinese forces. The Japanese were using every deceptive measure to edge further and further into China proper. It seemed clear to the Chinese, nothing would stop Japanese encroachment upon their nation, while the rest of the world simply watched on doing nothing. 

Liverpool relegate Leicester City with a late Trent Alexander-Arnold goal, there's multiple last-minute winners across Europe's title races, Carlo Ancelotti set to leave Real Madrid at the end of the season with the Brazil job in his sights, and Harry Maguire becomes an unlikely cult-hero in France.This is Early Kick Off from the Men in Blazers media network and presented by our great friends of the pod STōK Cold Brew Coffee, all your global football stories straight from the back pages of Europe's newspapers in around 10 minutes.This episode was made in the UK for Men In Blazers by…Host/Producer: George CooperResearcher: Jack CollinsSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Francois-Marie Banier overcame indifferent parents to reach the heights of the Parisian art scene. His novels, plays, and photography gained him famous friends like Salvadore Dali, Princess Caroline of Monaco, and Johnny Depp. But he's also known as a striving social climber who seeks the affections of older French women to bankroll his artistic projects. When he's hired to photograph L'Oréal heiress Liliane Bettencourt, at one point the richest woman in the world, they hit it off instantly. As they grow closer, Liliane starts lavishing Francois-Marie with gifts: jewelry, real estate, and lucrative consulting contracts. But when she makes him the beneficiary of a life insurance policy, Liliane's daughter takes notice. She thinks Francois-Marie is taking advantage of the aging, possibly demented heiress. Liliane's daughter, and household staff, start monitoring Francois-Marie's every move. Soon, this palace intrigue will go far beyond France's wealthiest family, leading to lawsuits, secret recordings, and shocking revelations that will captivate all of France. Be the first to know about Wondery's newest podcasts, curated recommendations, and more! Sign up now at https://wondery.fm/wonderynewsletterListen to Scamfluencers on the Wondery App or wherever you get your podcasts. You can listen early and ad-free on Wondery+. Join Wondery+ in the Wondery App, Apple Podcasts or Spotify. Start your free trial by visiting wondery.com/links/scamfluencers/ now.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Dr. Kevin France is an Assistant Professor in the Department for Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences as well as an investigator within the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics at the University of Colorado, Boulder. Kevin's research focuses on improving our understanding of planetary systems outside of our own solar system. His research helps determine how the earth was formed, how it came to look the way it does, and how it fits into the broader perspective of planetary systems throughout the galaxy. Kevin also does laboratory and space mission work to develop the technology that will allow them to answer these questions. Kevin spends his free time enjoying an outdoor lifestyle living in the Rocky Mountains in Colorado. His hobbies include hiking, skiing, biking, trail running, and spending time with his wife and 9-month old baby. He received his bachelor's degree in Physics and Astronomy from Boston University, and he was awarded his Ph.D. in Astrophysics from Johns Hopkins University. Afterwards, Kevin conducted research as a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Toronto. He next worked as a Research Associate and Fellow at the Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy at the University of Colorado, Boulder, and during this time, Kevin was awarded the NASA Nancy Grace Roman Technology Fellowship. Kevin joined us to chat about his work as well as his life outside the lab.

This week Justin talks with Emanuele Midolo. Manu is a journalist based in London and writing for The Times and The Sunday Times. His work has appeared in Forbes, Wired UK, and publications across the United Kingdom, France, and Italy. Today he's here to discuss his new book, which he co-authored with Peter Gillman. It was just published last month and is the story of the previously unsolved murder of British journalist David Holden, who was killed just hours after arriving in Cairo to pursue a story in December, 1977. Emanuele and Peter pursued this story relentlessly and found not only several different possible motives and murderers, but also that David had been keeping many secrets of his own. Connect with Emanuele:Twitter/X: @manumidoloBlueSky: @manumidolo.bksy.socialCheck out the book, Murder in Cairo, here.https://timesbookshop.co.uk/murder-in-cairo-9781785907029/Connect with Spycraft 101:Get Justin's latest book, Murder, Intrigue, and Conspiracy: Stories from the Cold War and Beyond, here.spycraft101.comIG: @spycraft101Shop: shop.spycraft101.comPatreon: Spycraft 101Find Justin's first book, Spyshots: Volume One, here.Check out Justin's second book, Covert Arms, here.Download the free eBook, The Clandestine Operative's Sidearm of Choice, here.History by MailWho knew? Not me! Learn something new every month. Use code JUSTIN10 for 10% off your subscription.Disclaimer: This post contains affiliate links. If you make a purchase, I may receive a commission at no extra cost to you.Support the show

Zo is on vacation in Paris, France and expected this visit to at least be peaceful, but he finds that he must duck and cover as though he was in his own neighborhood around the suburbs of DC as gunfire seemingly erupt out of nowhere and he has to dodge cars driving insanely on the narrow and claustrophobic streets of the metropolitan European city. What could be happening? This seems to be more than the run of the mill criminal activity. Could this be some spy stuff? Is spy stuff happening all around him?!? Zo just wanted to relax; he didn't want to be involved in a real life action thriller! Episode Segments00:06:20 - Opening Credits for Ronin Starring: Robert De Niro, Jean Reno and Natascha McElhorne00:20:08 - Favorite Parts of the 1998 film: Ronin01:06:14 - Trivia from the Action Thriller Film Ronin01:13:02 - Critics' Thoughts on John Frankenheimer's Ronin Please leave a comment, suggestion or question on our social media: Back Look Cinema: The Podcast Links:Website: www.backlookcinema.comEmail: fanmail@backlookcinema.comYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@backlookcinemaTwitter: https://twitter.com/backlookcinemaFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/BackLookCinemaInstagram: https://instagram.com/backlookcinemaThreads: https://www.threads.net/@backlookcinemaTikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@backlookcinemaTwitch https://www.twitch.tv/backlookcinemaBlue Sky: https://bsky.app/profile/backlookcinema.bsky.socialMastodon: https://mstdn.party/@backlookcinemaBack Look Cinema Merch at Teespring.comBack Look Cinema Merch at Teepublic.com Again, thanks for listening.

Entre rêve américain et déracinement …Romain est arrivé aux États-Unis par amour. Douze ans plus tard, après une reconversion réussie dans le son live, des tournées avec les Backstreet Boys (les fans inavoués, je vous vois ça va bien se passer

On today's show we are looking back in history for the lessons of failed conquests. Napoleon attempted to economically cripple Great Britain by closing European ports to British goods. He believed this would destroy Britain's trade and force its surrender.Britain's powerful navy and widespread smuggling operations undermined the blockade. The system hurt the economies of France and its allies, leading to resentment and a desire to trade with Britain. Napoleon sometimes underestimated the resolve and capabilities of his opponents, particularly the Spanish resistance and the Russian winter.When a nation takes aim at a single adversary, it can trigger a cascade of alliances which the aggressor didn't foresee.The current trade actions by the White House are accelerating the drive to form new alliances. If doing business with the US is more difficult, then countries that are dependent on exports will aim to find new customers and business elsewhere. It's not as if the US is the only customer in the world for products. The liberation day announcement which called out more than 180 countries as enemies of the United States likely has the unintended consequence of stimulating countries that have been staunch supporters of the United States into forging new alliances. Whether these new alliances will merely augment their relationship with the US and act as a plan B contingency, or whether they will outright replace the US as an ally remains to be seen. ------------**Real Estate Espresso Podcast:** Spotify: [The Real Estate Espresso Podcast](https://open.spotify.com/show/3GvtwRmTq4r3es8cbw8jW0?si=c75ea506a6694ef1)   iTunes: [The Real Estate Espresso Podcast](https://podcasts.apple.com/ca/podcast/the-real-estate-espresso-podcast/id1340482613)   Website: [www.victorjm.com](http://www.victorjm.com)   LinkedIn: [Victor Menasce](http://www.linkedin.com/in/vmenasce)   YouTube: [The Real Estate Espresso Podcast](http://www.youtube.com/@victorjmenasce6734)   Facebook: [www.facebook.com/realestateespresso](http://www.facebook.com/realestateespresso)   Email: [podcast@victorjm.com](mailto:podcast@victorjm.com)  **Y Street Capital:** Website: [www.ystreetcapital.com](http://www.ystreetcapital.com)   Facebook: [www.facebook.com/YStreetCapital](https://www.facebook.com/YStreetCapital)   Instagram: [@ystreetcapital](http://www.instagram.com/ystreetcapital)  

American trucks are massive. That's the way they've been for a while. While other countries like France and Japan emphasize lighter, more efficient trucks, the US continues to peddle huge ones to the consumer. Do we really need bigger trucks? And how did the US become so infatuated with them? Plus: Robots run a half marathon and Temu and Shein are hiking prices. Join our hosts Jon Weigell and Matt Brown as they take you through our most interesting stories of the day. Get our Side Hustle Ideas Database: https://clickhubspot.com/thds Follow us on social media: TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@thehustle.co Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thehustledaily/ Thank You For Listening to The Hustle Daily Show. Don't forget to hit Subscribe or Follow us on Apple Podcasts so you never miss an episode! If you want this news delivered to your inbox, join millions of others and sign up for The Hustle Daily newsletter, here: https://thehustle.co/email/  Plus! Your engagement matters to us. If you are a fan of the show, be sure to leave us a 5-Star Review on Apple Podcasts https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-hustle-daily-show/id1606449047 (and share your favorite episodes with your friends, clients, and colleagues).

A la fin de l'été 1346, le roi d'Angleterre met le siège devant Calais. Le roi de France devant renoncer à libérer la ville, ses habitants vont devoir se sacrifier… Mention légales : Vos données de connexion, dont votre adresse IP, sont traités par Radio Classique, responsable de traitement, sur la base de son intérêt légitime, par l'intermédiaire de son sous-traitant Ausha, à des fins de réalisation de statistiques agréées et de lutte contre la fraude. Ces données sont supprimées en temps réel pour la finalité statistique et sous cinq mois à compter de la collecte à des fins de lutte contre la fraude. Pour plus d'informations sur les traitements réalisés par Radio Classique et exercer vos droits, consultez notre Politique de confidentialité.Hébergé par Ausha. Visitez ausha.co/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

durée : 00:48:13 - Affaires sensibles - par : Fabrice Drouelle, Franck COGNARD - Aujourd'hui dans Affaires Sensibles, l'or de Vichy : 15 juin 1940, des officiers nazis se présentent à la Banque de France : ils veulent, prendre possession de l'or qui y est entreposé. Et il y a là beaucoup d'or : l'équivalent de 5 500 milliards d'euros - réalisé par : Stéphane COSME

Hey everyone. We're back this week with the second episode of The Scottish Tempest. In this episode I'll be covering the period from Knox's conversion to Protestantism until his initial exile from Scotland. There's a lot that happens during that period; his best friend dies, he is the subject of a manhunt, there's an assassination, some people take over a castle, he becomes a pastor at said castle, they try to make alliance with the English and ultimately, they all become slaves to the French. There is, of course, a lot of historical background and context as well because the politics of England, France, Scotland, and Rome all have indirect (and some times direct) bearing on Knox's story. It's a long one, and I hope you enjoy it. If you enjoy this episode, you can access tons of content just like this at wm.wts.edu. If you would like to join us in our mission to train specialists in the bible to proclaim the whole counsel of God for Christ and his global church, visit wts.edu/donate. Thanks for listening.

The arcade was our favorite place to hang out. But there were some games that we blew thousands of quarters on because they were too hard. What do people think were the hardest retro arcade games? We get frustrated until we're broke on Enjoy Stuff. Pass the token 'pon the left hand side! We're gonna need ‘em all with the hardest games in the arcade. Don't get frustrated! Enjoy Stuff.   News In retro news: Garfield phones invade the beaches of France! Star Wars: Andor season 2 premieres this week on Disney+   Check out our TeePublic store for some enjoyable swag and all the latest fashion trends What we're Enjoying Jay continues to ride the trail of Western Movies, but adds a little prehistoric this week with his viewing of One Million Years BC. The quality of this Ray Harryhausen movie may not have been at the top of his list, but it was still an interesting idea and had some crazy genre mashups. Shua found some cool YouTube channels that have some great, high quality classic Pink Panther cartoons. It's a great way to have some retro in the background.      Sci-Fi Saturdays This week on Sci-Fi Saturdays Jay gets real with the 2011 Hugh Jackman movie Real Steel. This often overlooked film has a lot of great robot action in the boxing ring, like a mechanical Rocky. Read his article on RetroZap.com. And make sure to play around with the interactive map on MCULocationScout.com. Plus, you can tune in to SHIELD: Case Files where Jay and Shua talk about great stuff in the MCU. Enjoy Video Games!  We loved spending time in the arcade as we were growing up. We tried to use our quarters wisely and budget them for the maximum experience possible. But sometimes we had to cram a lot of them into games over and over because they were so hard. Which ones were the most challenging? Were they the same ones you struggled with? Let's see what the internet said and decide if we agree.  What challenging games did we miss? First person that emails me with the subject line, “I need a cheat code” will get a special mention on the show.  Let us know. Come talk to us in the Discord channel or send us an email to EnjoyStuff@RetroZap.com   

Welcome in for another edition of the Morning Espresso from the SDH Network, brought to you by Oglethorpe University, Atlanta's premier undergraduate learning experience and soccer powerhouse.One of the most frustrating nights in recent memory for Atlanta United, a 3-0 loss at Philadelphia on Saturday. So many different things were maddening in this one, from first half injuries that wrecked sub patterns later when chasing the game, to the responses to goals conceded, to the lack of chances created and touches inside the attacking 18 in the second half. It wasn't good enough on a lot of different fronts and adds to the pressure of going to Orlando next weekend. We'll be in Marietta tomorrow and will have more in Training Ground Dispatch in the afternoon on the SDH Network.Charlotte and Cincinnati top the Eastern Conference in MLS while Vancouver maintains their lead out West. Seattle had a big win at home over Nashville on the weekend. Miami stays unbeaten, defeating Columbus in Cleveland in front of over 60,000 fans. Liga MX playoffs are set with Toluca winning the regular season crown in the Clausura, Club America sneaking into the second seed after Alex Zendejas' contributions of two assists and earning a penalty in the 5-0 win over Mazatlan. Sergio Ramos left Monterrey's regular season finale and is a doubt for their play-in round match against Pachuca while James Rodriguez will miss Leon's first leg of the quarterfinal against Cruz Azul after getting two yellows for dissent in their match over the weekend. Barcelona might have put their UEFA Women's Champions League semifinal against Chelsea out of reach with a 4-1 win at home in the first leg, the final goal in the 90th minute from Claudia Pina might have sealed it. Lyon's scored a late winner from Melchie Dumornay in London to beat Arsenal 2-1 in their first leg, the Gunners will go to France next weekend to try to overturn it. KC Current take the top spot in the NWSL with their ninth straight regular season win and fifth straight in 2025 to open the season, a 2-0 victory over Houston. Real Madrid might now need an interim coach according to AS in Spain for the Club World Cup this summer if they move on from Carlo Ancelotti as expected, perhaps as soon as after this weekend's Copa del Rey final. Santiago Solari, the Director of Football who previously won the Club World Cup in 2018, and legendary former striker Raul, who has been in charge of the second team, are the leading contenders for that role ahead of an appointment of either Xabi Alonso or Jurgen Klopp for next season. It's Spain though, anything could happen this week to change the storylines. More Espresso on Tuesday on the SDH Network, presented by Oglethorpe University.

On this week's motivation monday, I'm talking to Alison Arngrim.  New York Times Best Selling author of Confessions of A Prairie Bitch: How I Survived Nellie Oleson and Learned to Love Being Hated, Alison Arngrim is best known to viewers world-wide for her portrayal of the incredibly nasty “Nellie Oleson” on the much loved, long running hit television series Little House On The Prairie, and continues to amuse audiences through her many film, television, stage and multi-media appearances. Her one woman show Confessions of a Prairie Bitch, which started at Club Fez in New York in 2002, has now become a world-wide phenomenon, having been performed to packed houses in New York, Los Angeles, Boston, Chicago, Philadelphia, Green Bay, San Francisco, Seattle, and in France, where Arngrim performs entirely in French to standing room only crowds in her all-French version titled: Confessions d'une Garce de La Prairie and La Malle aux Tresors de Nellie Oleson. As a stand-up comedian, Arngrim has headlined at nightclubs such as the Laugh Factory, the Comedy Store and the Improv in Los Angeles; as well as the Laurie Beechman Theatre in New York and assorted comedy venues across the United States and Canada. She is currently starring in two comedy series pilots: Life Interrupted, as the ex-wife of commercial child star Mason Reese, with Erin Murphy, (“Bewitched”) as her new wife and Dawn Wells, (“Gilligan's Island), as her mother, as well as, C.P.R. – Child Performers Resurrection Talent Agency, as an ex-child star gone wrong, trying to save herself and her assorted misfit cohorts by opening a talent agency. Arngrim has mocked her status as an “ex-child star” on Jay Leno's Tonight Show, during their month-long parody, “Hollywood Survivor” and continues to be a frequent interview subject on everything from A&E, “E! Entertainment, TV Land and VH-1, to CNN and the Travel Channel. The TV Land network honored her undying image as TV's worst bitch, by declaring her the winner of their 2006 award for, “Character Most Desperately In Need Of A Time Out.” She starred in the heartwarming, gay, Christmas cult classic, Make the Yuletide Gay, as the overbearing “Heather Mancuso.” Her other television and film appearances include, Livin' the Dream, Tinder & Grinder, The Bilderberg Club, For the Love of May with Ru Paul and Patricia Neal, and The Last Place On Earth with Billy Dee Williams and Phyllis Diller. In 2007, she began her foray into French cinema with the role of “Edith” in the French detective comedy, Jean Pierre Mocky's Le Deal. Her stage work includes, The Vagina Monologs, Sirena: Queen of the Tango, Dear Brutus, The Wool Gatherer, the French bedroom farce, In One Bed And Out The Other, Michael Kearns' AIDS/US II, “Rita” in the 2005 GLAAD Award nominated production of Last Summer At Bluefish Cove, the somewhat off kilter “Reverend Pat Miass” in Joni and Gina's Wedding, and the Ovation Award Nominated musical-drama, Flirting with Morty, as the abusive, trashy and tragic Ray Lee. In her spare time, she takes tourists on the rollicking comedy outing, Nasty Nellie's Tour of Hollywood, (featured at Dearly Departed Tours), where she simultaneously enlightens and amuses passengers with behind the scenes tales from both Hollywood history and her own life.   Offstage, Arngrim has been a dedicated and compassionate AIDS activist for nearly three decades, volunteering for AIDS Project Los Angeles and Tuesday's Child, an organization assisting children and families affected by HIV and AIDS. In addition, Arngrim currently serves as California Chair, National Spokesperson and Founding Board Member on the National Advisory Board of The National Association to Protect Children, or PROTECT.org, fighting to give children a legal and political voice in the war against child abuse.

Quel meilleur invité qu'une reine de France pour le retour d' À bientôt de te revoir ?Hugo Bardin, aka Paloma, gagnante de Drag Race France saison 1, nous fait l'honneur d'asseoir son royal bonda dans le nouveau canapé de ABDTR.Faites honneur à la reine !Calme toi :Laura Laarman : productionLéa Jourdan : communicationLucie Meslien : illustration animation Caroline Bérault : illustrations Manon Carrour : vignette Joanna & Gaspar : générique Alexandre Duarte et Corentin Cohignac : programmationAnaïs Reinhardt : son Doriane Hugues : scenoDoriane Bossu : ass. déco Thibault Iacono : ass. déco Salomé Brussieux : stylisme Merci Agnès b studio paillettes et Levi'sMathilde Leroy : make up Etienne Rouillon & SML : montageMk2 : Isis Hobéniche : directrice de projetEmma Moschkowitz : directrice de production événementielleEtienne Rouillon : directeur de production audiovisuelleLou Poincheval : chargée de production audiovisuelle Vincent Desormeaux : directeur mk2 BibliothèqueJoao Carta : régisseur Philippe Leroy : régisseurMenad Mahiou : régisseur Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Au huitième mois d'une crise diplomatique d'une rare intensité entre Paris et Alger, les relations ne se sont toujours pas adoucies. Depuis qu'Emmanuel Macron a reconnu, en juillet 2024, la souveraineté du Maroc sur la Sahara occidental, rien ne va plus entre l'Algérie et l'ancien pays colonisateur. Le ton est ensuite monté d'un cran avec l'arrestation à Alger de l'écrivain franco-algérien Boualem Sansal, notoirement critique envers le régime. Début 2025, les polémiques sur les ressortissants algériens expulsés de France, et que les autorités algériennes refusent de reprendre, ont crispé davantage de part et d'autre de la Méditerranée.Au mois de mars les deux présidents Macron et Tebboune ont tenté de renouer le dialogue, mais l'arrestation le 11 avril d'un agent consulaire algérien a ravivé les tensions. Code source fait le point avec Henri Vernet, journaliste au service politique du Parisien, et Joanna Blain, journaliste au service international.Écoutez Code source sur toutes les plates-formes audio : Apple Podcast (iPhone, iPad), Amazon Music, Podcast Addict ou Castbox, Deezer, Spotify.Crédits. Direction de la rédaction : Pierre Chausse - Rédacteur en chef : Jules Lavie - Reporter : Barbara Gouy - Production : Thibault Lambert, Clara Garnier-Amouroux, Pénélope Gualchierotti, Clémentine Spiler - Réalisation et mixage : Julien Montcouquiol - Musiques : François Clos, Audio Network - Archives : LeFigaro, France Info, BFMTV, TF1. Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Si l'industrialisation commence en Europe, elle se diffuse très vite dans le Nouveau Monde. Nous sommes à Chicago, en 1886, une ville en pleine expansion industrielle, notamment autour de ses abattoirs. C'est dans ce contexte que naissent les grandes luttes sociales qui donneront naissance à la journée internationale des travailleurs, le 1er mai. Des écrivains comme Upton Sinclair ou des auteurs comme Bertolt Brecht ont immortalisé cette époque, tandis qu'Henry Ford s'en inspire pour développer le travail à la chaîne. Une plongée dans l'Amérique industrielle, marquée par un autre "Black Friday" - bien loin des soldes d'aujourd'hui. Avec Martin Cennevitz, enseignant d'histoire à Tours en France qui a publié Haymarket, récit des origines du 1er mai (Editions LUX).

durée : 00:38:34 - France Culture va plus loin (l'Invité(e) des Matins) - par : Jean Leymarie, Isabelle de Gaulmyn - Le jour de Pâques enregistre un record du nombre de baptêmes alors que les révélations sur les crimes sexuels dans l'Eglise s'accumule. Comme comprendre ce phénomène ? - réalisation : Félicie Faugère - invités : Véronique Margron Présidente de la Corref (Conférence des religieux et religieuses de France)

durée : 00:03:24 - Un monde connecté - par : François Saltiel - Un rapport de l'organisation américaine NewsGuard qui lutte contre la désinformation révèle une importante campagne russe qui vise la France en "intoxiquant" les agents conversationnels.

durée : 02:30:13 - Les Matins - par : Jean Leymarie, Isabelle de Gaulmyn - [] - réalisation : Félicie Faugère - invités : Véronique Margron Présidente de la Corref (Conférence des religieux et religieuses de France)

And here's the thing that's really freaking me out. It's set in Marseille in France in 1940. The US hasn't even entered the war yet. And everywhere they go, there is only terrible coffee. Over and over, the main character drinks undrinkable coffee or brown water standing in for coffee. And I know this is not nearly as bad as the bombings and the arrests and the people being ripped from their families but even the rich people in this book have to drink terrible coffee.To keep reading I'm Worried About the Coffee visit the Songs for the Struggling Artist blog.This is Episode 444Song: Java JiveImage by Nathan Dumlao via ⁠⁠⁠Unsplash⁠⁠⁠To support this podcast:Give it 5 stars in Apple Podcasts. Write a nice review!Rate it wherever you listen or via: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://ratethispodcast.com/strugglingartist⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Join my mailing list: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠www.emilyrainbowdavis.com/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Like the blog/show on Facebook: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.facebook.com/SongsfortheStrugglingArtist/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Support me on Patreon: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠www.patreon.com/emilyrdavis⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Or on Kofi: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠http://ko-fi.com/emilyrainbowdavis⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠or PayPal me: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.paypal.me/strugglingartist⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Join my Substack: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://emilyrainbowdavis.substack.com/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Follow me on Twitter ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@erainbowd⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Me on Mastodon - @erainbowd@podvibes.coMe on Blue sky - @erainbowd.bsky.socialMe on Hive - @erainbowd⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Instagram⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ and ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Pinterest⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Tell a friend!Listen to The Dragoning ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠here⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ and The Defense ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠here⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠. You can support them via Ko-fi here: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://ko-fi.com/messengertheatrecompany⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠As ever, I am yours,Emily Rainbow Davis

Welcome to a new episode of the My Sporting Hero podcast, part of Nutmeg FC. The home of brilliant football stories – made in Scotland.So far this month, Nutmeg FC subscribers have enjoyed....* Brian Lee's article on the fascinating connection between fans of Morton and Serie B outfit Reggiana* Daniel Gray's latest Slow Match Report on Rangers' heroic draw with Athletic Bilbao in the Europa League quarter-finalAnd still to come....* The exclusive column from our tactics guy Adam Clery comparing Lewis Ferguson with Liam HendersonOnly paid subscribers to Nutmeg FC get every piece we produce straight to their inbox.This time on My Sporting Hero, our guest is Michael O'Neill.Portadown-born Michael played as a midfielder for several British clubs, including ones in Scotland where he is best remembered for spells at Dundee United and Hibernian. As a young man he set top-flight Newcastle ablaze with a stunning opening season. He moved to Tannadice and eventually fell out with notoriously thrawn United managerial legend Jim McLean. He also played over 30 times for Northern Ireland.Michael started out in management at Brechin City, made Shamrock Rovers Irish champions and led them into Europe, before taking the reins at Northern Ireland. He achieved the nation's first-ever qualification for the European Championship and progression to the second round of the finals in France in 2016. He also rescued Stoke City from relegation danger when he first joined the Potters.Michael is currently enjoying his second spell as Northern Ireland manager.His sporting hero is ‘Superbrat' and all-round tennis genius/guru John McEnroe.Nutmeg FC | Substack This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.nutmegfc.co.uk/subscribe

Les Bleues ont remporté leurs quatre premiers matches du Tournoi des 6 nations, même si tout n'a pas été simple. Samedi (17h45), comme tous les ans, elles joueront pour le Grand Chelem la « finale » contre l'Angleterre, une équipe qu'elles n'ont plus battu depuis 2018. Les Tricolores peuvent-elles enfin renverser les Anglaises ou faut-il s'inquiéter de leurs dernières prestations ? Réponses dans Crunch. Un podcast présenté par Léa Leostic, avec Justine Saint-Sevin et Patrick Sowden. Enregistrement : Baptiste Binet.Hébergé par Ausha. Visitez ausha.co/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Au programme de Tour d'Europe, Arthur Merle vous fait voyager en France, en Angleterre, et en Espagne. En France d'abord où Elton Mokolo balaye l'actualité du championnat de France avec au programme notamment un retour sur le derby entre Saint-Etienne et l'OL où une décision de François Letexier a fait basculer la rencontre. Aux côtés d'Arthur, il se penche ensuite sur la course aux qualifications pour la Coupe d'Europe. Direction l'Angleterre avec un focus sur Leicester qui est officiellement rélégué ainsi que sur Manchester City qui entame une nouvelle ère. Philippe Auclair, notre spécialiste du football anglais, nous donne les clés pour comprendre ce qui se joue chez les Citizens. Enfin place à la Liga pour terminer, avec un retour sur les rencontres du weekend. Le Barça s'est encore une fois imposé dans un match spectaculaire mais a perdu Robert Lewandowski sur blessure. Comment les Blaugranas vont-ils gérer l'absence de leur numéro 9 ? Puis Anna Carreau et Arthur Merle font un débrief de la saison ratée de l'Atlético de Madrid, a fait ses adieux définitifs au titre en Liga après sa défaite du weekend contre Las Palmas. Bonne écoute ! Tour d'Europe est un podcast Eurosport Football Club. Présentation : Arthur MerleGraphisme : Marko Popovic [extraits en vidéo]Réalisation : Anne Thirion Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

So what, exactly, was “The Enlightenment”? According to the Princeton historian David A. Bell, it was an intellectual movement roughly spanning the early 18th century through to the French Revolution. In his Spring 2025 Liberties Quarterly piece “The Enlightenment, Then and Now”, Bell charts the Enlightenment as a complex intellectual movement centered in Paris but with hubs across Europe and America. He highlights key figures like Montesquieu, Voltaire, Kant, and Franklin, discussing their contributions to concepts of religious tolerance, free speech, and rationality. In our conversation, Bell addresses criticisms of the Enlightenment, including its complicated relationship with colonialism and slavery, while arguing that its principles of freedom and reason remain relevant today. 5 Key Takeaways* The Enlightenment emerged in the early 18th century (around 1720s) and was characterized by intellectual inquiry, skepticism toward religion, and a growing sense among thinkers that they were living in an "enlightened century."* While Paris was the central hub, the Enlightenment had multiple centers including Scotland, Germany, and America, with thinkers like Voltaire, Rousseau, Kant, Hume, and Franklin contributing to its development.* The Enlightenment introduced the concept of "society" as a sphere of human existence separate from religion and politics, forming the basis of modern social sciences.* The movement had a complex relationship with colonialism and slavery - many Enlightenment thinkers criticized slavery, but some of their ideas about human progress were later used to justify imperialism.* According to Bell, rather than trying to "return to the Enlightenment," modern society should selectively adopt and adapt its valuable principles of free speech, religious tolerance, and education to create our "own Enlightenment."David Avrom Bell is a historian of early modern and modern Europe at Princeton University. His most recent book, published in 2020 by Farrar, Straus and Giroux, is Men on Horseback: The Power of Charisma in the Age of Revolution. Described in the Journal of Modern History as an "instant classic," it is available in paperback from Picador, in French translation from Fayard, and in Italian translation from Viella. A study of how new forms of political charisma arose in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, the book shows that charismatic authoritarianism is as modern a political form as liberal democracy, and shares many of the same origins. Based on exhaustive research in original sources, the book includes case studies of the careers of George Washington, Napoleon Bonaparte, Toussaint Louverture and Simon Bolivar. The book's Introduction can be read here. An online conversation about the book with Annette Gordon-Reed, hosted by the Cullman Center of the New York Public Library, can be viewed here. Links to material about the book, including reviews in The New York Review of Books, The Guardian, Harper's, The New Republic, The Nation, Le Monde, The Los Angeles Review of Books and other venues can be found here. Bell is also the author of six previous books. He has published academic articles in both English and French and contributes regularly to general interest publications on a variety of subjects, ranging from modern warfare, to contemporary French politics, to the impact of digital technology on learning and scholarship, and of course French history. A list of his publications from 2023 and 2024 can be found here. His Substack newsletter can be found here. His writings have been translated into French, Spanish, Portuguese, Chinese, Hebrew, Swedish, Polish, Russian, German, Croatian, Italian, Turkish and Japanese. At the History Department at Princeton University, he holds the Sidney and Ruth Lapidus Chair in the Era of North Atlantic Revolutions, and offers courses on early modern Europe, on military history, and on the early modern French empire. Previously, he spent fourteen years at Johns Hopkins University, including three as Dean of Faculty in its School of Arts and Sciences. From 2020 to 2024 he served as Director of the Shelby Cullom Davis Center for Historical Studies at Princeton. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a corresponding fellow of the British Academy. Bell's new project is a history of the Enlightenment. A preliminary article from the project was published in early 2022 by Modern Intellectual History. Another is now out in French History.Named as one of the "100 most connected men" by GQ magazine, Andrew Keen is amongst the world's best known broadcasters and commentators. In addition to presenting the daily KEEN ON show, he is the host of the long-running How To Fix Democracy interview series. He is also the author of four prescient books about digital technology: CULT OF THE AMATEUR, DIGITAL VERTIGO, THE INTERNET IS NOT THE ANSWER and HOW TO FIX THE FUTURE. Andrew lives in San Francisco, is married to Cassandra Knight, Google's VP of Litigation & Discovery, and has two grown children. FULL TRANSCRIPTAndrew Keen: Hello everybody, in these supposedly dark times, the E word comes up a lot, the Enlightenment. Are we at the end of the Enlightenment or the beginning? Was there even an Enlightenment? My guest today, David Bell, a professor of history, very distinguished professor of history at Princeton University, has an interesting piece in the spring issue of It is One of our, our favorite quarterlies here on Keen on America, Bell's piece is The Enlightenment Then and Now, and David is joining us from the home of the Enlightenment, perhaps Paris in France, where he's on sabbatical hard life. David being an academic these days, isn't it?David Bell: Very difficult. I'm having to suffer the Parisian bread and croissant. It's terrible.Andrew Keen: Yeah. Well, I won't keep you too long. Is Paris then, or France? Is it the home of the Enlightenment? I know there are many Enlightenments, the French, the Scottish, maybe even the English, perhaps even the American.David Bell: It's certainly one of the homes of the Enlightenment, and it's probably the closest that the Enlightened had to a center, absolutely. But as you say, there were Edinburgh, Glasgow, plenty of places in Germany, Philadelphia, all those places have good claims to being centers of the enlightenment as well.Andrew Keen: All the same David, is it like one of those sports games in California where everyone gets a medal?David Bell: Well, they're different metals, right, but I think certainly Paris is where everybody went. I mean, if you look at the figures from the German Enlightenment, from the Scottish Enlightenment from the American Enlightenment they all tended to congregate in Paris and the Parisians didn't tend to go anywhere else unless they were forced to. So that gives you a pretty good sense of where the most important center was.Andrew Keen: So David, before we get to specifics, map out for us, because everyone is perhaps as familiar or comfortable with the history of the Enlightenment, and certainly as you are. When did it happen? What years? And who are the leaders of this thing called the Enlightenment?David Bell: Well, that's a big question. And I'm afraid, of course, that if you ask 10 historians, you'll get 10 different answers.Andrew Keen: Well, I'm only asking you, so I only want one answer.David Bell: So I would say that the Enlightenment really gets going around the first couple of decades of the 18th century. And that's when people really start to think that they are actually living in what they start to call an Enlightenment century. There are a lot of reasons for this. They are seeing what we now call the scientific revolution. They're looking at the progress that has been made with that. They are experiencing the changes in the religious sphere, including the end of religious wars, coming with a great deal of skepticism about religion. They are living in a relative period of peace where they're able to speculate much more broadly and daringly than before. But it's really in those first couple of decades that they start thinking of themselves as living in an enlightened century. They start defining themselves as something that would later be called the enlightenment. So I would say that it's, really, really there between maybe the end of the 17th century and 1720s that it really gets started.Andrew Keen: So let's have some names, David, of philosophers, I guess. I mean, if those are the right words. I know that there was a term in French. There is a term called philosoph. Were they the founders, the leaders of the Enlightenment?David Bell: Well, there is a... Again, I don't want to descend into academic quibbling here, but there were lots of leaders. Let me give an example, though. So the year 1721 is a remarkable year. So in the year, 1721, two amazing events happened within a couple of months of each other. So in May, Montesquieu, one of the great philosophers by any definition, publishes his novel called Persian Letters. And this is an incredible novel. Still, I think one of greatest novels ever written, and it's very daring. It is the account, it is supposedly a an account written by two Persian travelers to Europe who are writing back to people in Isfahan about what they're seeing. And it is very critical of French society. It is very of religion. It is, as I said, very daring philosophically. It is a product in part of the increasing contact between Europe and the rest of the world that is also very central to the Enlightenment. So that novel comes out. So it's immediately, you know, the police try to suppress it. But they don't have much success because it's incredibly popular and Montesquieu doesn't suffer any particular problems because...Andrew Keen: And the French police have never been the most efficient police force in the world, have they?David Bell: Oh, they could be, but not in this case. And then two months later, after Montesquieu published this novel, there's a German philosopher much less well-known than Montesqiu, than Christian Bolz, who is a professor at the Universität Haller in Prussia, and he gives an oration in Latin, a very typical university oration for the time, about Chinese philosophy, in which he says that the Chinese have sort of proved to the world, particularly through the writings of Confucius and others, that you can have a virtuous society without religion. Obviously very controversial. Statement for the time it actually gets him fired from his job, he has to leave the Kingdom of Prussia within 48 hours on penalty of death, starts an enormous controversy. But here are two events, both of which involving non-European people, involving the way in which Europeans are starting to look out at the rest of the world and starting to imagine Europe as just one part of a larger humanity, and at the same time they are starting to speculate very daringly about whether you can have. You know, what it means to have a society, do you need to have religion in order to have morality in society? Do you need the proper, what kind of government do you need to to have virtuous conduct and a proper society? So all of these things get, you know, really crystallize, I think, around these two incidents as much as anything. So if I had to pick a single date for when the enlightenment starts, I'd probably pick that 1721.Andrew Keen: And when was, David, I thought you were going to tell me about the earthquake in Lisbon, when was that earthquake?David Bell: That earthquake comes quite a bit later. That comes, and now historians should be better with dates than I am. It's in the 1750s, I think it's the late 1750's. Again, this historian is proving he's getting a very bad grade for forgetting the exact date, but it's in 1750. So that's a different kind of event, which sparks off a great deal of commentary, because it's a terrible earthquake. It destroys most of the city of Lisbon, it destroys other cities throughout Portugal, and it leads a lot of the philosophy to philosophers at the time to be speculating very daringly again on whether there is any kind of real purpose to the universe and whether there's any kind divine purpose. Why would such a terrible thing happen? Why would God do such a thing to his followers? And certainly VoltaireAndrew Keen: Yeah, Votav, of course, comes to mind of questioning.David Bell: And Condit, Voltaire's novel Condit gives a very good description of the earthquake in Lisbon and uses that as a centerpiece. Voltair also read other things about the earthquake, a poem about Lisbon earthquake. But in Condit he gives a lasting, very scathing portrait of the Catholic Church in general and then of what happens in Portugal. And so the Lisbon Earthquake is certainly another one of the events, but it happens considerably later. Really in the middle of the end of life.Andrew Keen: So, David, you believe in this idea of the Enlightenment. I take your point that there are more than one Enlightenment in more than one center, but in broad historical terms, the 18th century could be defined at least in Western and Northern Europe as the period of the Enlightenment, would that be a fair generalization?David Bell: I think it's perfectly fair generalization. Of course, there are historians who say that it never happened. There's a conservative British historian, J.C.D. Clark, who published a book last summer, saying that the Enlightenment is a kind of myth, that there was a lot of intellectual activity in Europe, obviously, but that the idea that it formed a coherent Enlightenment was really invented in the 20th century by a bunch of progressive reformers who wanted to claim a kind of venerable and august pedigree for their own reform, liberal reform plans. I think that's an exaggeration. People in the 18th century defined very clearly what was going on, both people who were in favor of it and people who are against it. And while you can, if you look very closely at it, of course it gets a bit fuzzy. Of course it's gets, there's no single, you can't define a single enlightenment project or a single enlightened ideology. But then, I think people would be hard pressed to define any intellectual movement. You know, in perfect, incoherent terms. So the enlightenment is, you know by compared with almost any other intellectual movement certainly existed.Andrew Keen: In terms of a philosophy of the Enlightenment, the German thinker, Immanuel Kant, seems to be often, and when you describe him as the conscience or the brain or a mixture of the conscience and brain of the enlightenment, why is Kant and Kantian thinking so important in the development of the Enlightenment.David Bell: Well, that's a really interesting question. And one reason is because most of the Enlightenment was not very rigorously philosophical. A lot of the major figures of the enlightenment before Kant tended to be writing for a general public. And they often were writing with a very specific agenda. We look at Voltaire, Diderot, Rousseau. Now you look at Adam Smith in Scotland. We look David Hume or Adam Ferguson. You look at Benjamin Franklin in the United States. These people wrote in all sorts of different genres. They wrote in, they wrote all sorts of different kinds of books. They have many different purposes and very few of them did a lot of what we would call rigorous academic philosophy. And Kant was different. Kant was very much an academic philosopher. Kant was nothing if not rigorous. He came at the end of the enlightenment by most people's measure. He wrote these very, very difficult, very rigorous, very brilliant works, such as The Creek of Pure Reason. And so, it's certainly been the case that people who wanted to describe the Enlightenment as a philosophy have tended to look to Kant. So for example, there's a great German philosopher and intellectual historian of the early 20th century named Ernst Kassirer, who had to leave Germany because of the Nazis. And he wrote a great book called The Philosophy of the Enlightened. And that leads directly to Immanuel Kant. And of course, Casir himself was a Kantian, identified with Kant. And so he wanted to make Kant, in a sense, the telos, the end point, the culmination, the fulfillment of the Enlightenment. But so I think that's why Kant has such a particularly important position. You're defining it both ways.Andrew Keen: I've always struggled to understand what Kant was trying to say. I'm certainly not alone there. Might it be fair to say that he was trying to transform the universe and certainly traditional Christian notions into the Enlightenment, so the entire universe, the world, God, whatever that means, that they were all somehow according to Kant enlightened.David Bell: Well, I think that I'm certainly no expert on Immanuel Kant. And I would say that he is trying to, I mean, his major philosophical works are trying to put together a system of philosophical thinking which will justify why people have to act morally, why people act rationally, without the need for Christian revelation to bolster them. That's a very, very crude and reductionist way of putting it, but that's essentially at the heart of it. At the same time, Kant was very much aware of his own place in history. So Kant didn't simply write these very difficult, thick, dense philosophical works. He also wrote things that were more like journalism or like tablets. He wrote a famous essay called What is Enlightenment? And in that, he said that the 18th century was the period in which humankind was simply beginning to. Reach a period of enlightenment. And he said, he starts the essay by saying, this is the period when humankind is being released from its self-imposed tutelage. And we are still, and he said we do not yet live in the midst of a completely enlightened century, but we are getting there. We are living in a century that is enlightening.Andrew Keen: So the seeds, the seeds of Hegel and maybe even Marx are incant in that German thinking, that historical thinking.David Bell: In some ways, in some ways of course Hegel very much reacts against Kant and so and then Marx reacts against Hegel. So it's not exactly.Andrew Keen: Well, that's the dialectic, isn't it, David?David Bell: A simple easy path from one to the other, no, but Hegel is unimaginable without Kant of course and Marx is unimagineable without Hegel.Andrew Keen: You note that Kant represents a shift in some ways into the university and the walls of the universities were going up, and that some of the other figures associated with the the Enlightenment and Scottish Enlightenment, human and Smith and the French Enlightenment Voltaire and the others, they were more generalist writers. Should we be nostalgic for the pre-university period in the Enlightenment, or? Did things start getting serious once the heavyweights, the academic heavyweighs like Emmanuel Kant got into this thing?David Bell: I think it depends on where we're talking about. I mean, Adam Smith was a professor at Glasgow in Edinburgh, so Smith, the Scottish Enlightenment was definitely at least partly in the universities. The German Enlightenment took place very heavily in universities. Christian Vodafoy I just mentioned was the most important German philosopher of the 18th century before Kant, and he had positions in university. Even the French university system, for a while, what's interesting about the French University system, particularly the Sorbonne, which was the theology faculty, It was that. Throughout the first half of the 18th century, there were very vigorous, very interesting philosophical debates going on there, in which the people there, particularly even Jesuits there, were very open to a lot of the ideas we now call enlightenment. They were reading John Locke, they were reading Mel Pench, they were read Dekalb. What happened though in the French universities was that as more daring stuff was getting published elsewhere. Church, the Catholic Church, started to say, all right, these philosophers, these philosophies, these are our enemies, these are people we have to get at. And so at that point, anybody who was in the university, who was still in dialog with these people was basically purged. And the universities became much less interesting after that. But to come back to your question, I do think that I am very nostalgic for that period. I think that the Enlightenment was an extraordinary period, because if you look between. In the 17th century, not all, but a great deal of the most interesting intellectual work is happening in the so-called Republic of Letters. It's happening in Latin language. It is happening on a very small circle of RUD, of scholars. By the 19th century following Kant and Hegel and then the birth of the research university in Germany, which is copied everywhere, philosophy and the most advanced thinking goes back into the university. And the 18th century, particularly in France, I will say, is a time when the most advanced thought is being written for a general public. It is being in the form of novels, of dialogs, of stories, of reference works, and it is very, very accessible. The most profound thought of the West has never been as accessible overall as in the 18 century.Andrew Keen: Again, excuse this question, it might seem a bit naive, but there's a lot of pre-Enlightenment work, books, thinking that we read now that's very accessible from Erasmus and Thomas More to Machiavelli. Why weren't characters like, or are characters like Erasmuus, More's Utopia, Machiavell's prints and discourses, why aren't they considered part of the Enlightenment? What's the difference between? Enlightened thinkers or the supposedly enlightened thinkers of the 18th century and thinkers and writers of the 16th and 17th centuries.David Bell: That's a good question, you know, I think you have to, you, you know, again, one has to draw a line somewhere. That's not a very good answer, of course. All these people that you just mentioned are, in one way or another, predecessors to the Enlightenment. And of course, there were lots of people. I don't mean to say that nobody wrote in an accessible way before 1700. Obviously, lots of the people you mentioned did. Although a lot of them originally wrote in Latin, Erasmus, also Thomas More. But I think what makes the Enlightened different is that you have, again, you have a sense. These people have have a sense that they are themselves engaged in a collective project, that it is a collective project of enlightenment, of enlightening the world. They believe that they live in a century of progress. And there are certain principles. They don't agree on everything by any means. The philosophy of enlightenment is like nothing more than ripping each other to shreds, like any decent group of intellectuals. But that said, they generally did believe That people needed to have freedom of speech. They believed that you needed to have toleration of different religions. They believed in education and the need for a broadly educated public that could be as broad as possible. They generally believed in keeping religion out of the public sphere as much as possible, so all those principles came together into a program that we can consider at least a kind of... You know, not that everybody read it at every moment by any means, but there is an identifiable enlightenment program there, and in this case an identifiable enlightenment mindset. One other thing, I think, which is crucial to the Enlightenment, is that it was the attention they started to pay to something that we now take almost entirely for granted, which is the idea of society. The word society is so entirely ubiquitous, we assume it's always been there, and in one sense it has, because the word societas is a Latin word. But until... The 18th century, the word society generally had a much narrower meaning. It referred to, you know, particular institution most often, like when we talk about the society of, you know, the American philosophical society or something like that. And the idea that there exists something called society, which is the general sphere of human existence that is separate from religion and is separate from the political sphere, that's actually something which only really emerged at the end of the 1600s. And it became really the focus of you know, much, if not most, of enlightenment thinking. When you look at someone like Montesquieu and you look something, somebody like Rousseau or Voltaire or Adam Smith, probably above all, they were concerned with understanding how society works, not how government works only, but how society, what social interactions are like beginning of what we would now call social science. So that's yet another thing that distinguishes the enlightened from people like Machiavelli, often people like Thomas More, and people like bonuses.Andrew Keen: You noted earlier that the idea of progress is somehow baked in, in part, and certainly when it comes to Kant, certainly the French Enlightenment, although, of course, Rousseau challenged that. I'm not sure whether Rousseaut, as always, is both in and out of the Enlightenment and he seems to be in and out of everything. How did the Enlightement, though, make sense of itself in the context of antiquity, as it was, of Terms, it was the Renaissance that supposedly discovered or rediscovered antiquity. How did many of the leading Enlightenment thinkers, writers, how did they think of their own society in the context of not just antiquity, but even the idea of a European or Western society?David Bell: Well, there was a great book, one of the great histories of the Enlightenment was written about more than 50 years ago by the Yale professor named Peter Gay, and the first part of that book was called The Modern Paganism. So it was about the, you know, it was very much about the relationship between the Enlightenment and the ancient Greek synonyms. And certainly the writers of the enlightenment felt a great deal of kinship with the ancient Greek synonymous. They felt a common bond, particularly in the posing. Christianity and opposing what they believed the Christian Church had wrought on Europe in suppressing freedom and suppressing free thought and suppassing free inquiry. And so they felt that they were both recovering but also going beyond antiquity at the same time. And of course they were all, I mean everybody at the time, every single major figure of the Enlightenment, their education consisted in large part of what we would now call classics, right? I mean, there was an educational reformer in France in the 1760s who said, you know, our educational system is great if the purpose is to train Roman centurions, if it's to train modern people who are not doing both so well. And it's true. I mean they would spend, certainly, you know in Germany, in much of Europe, in the Netherlands, even in France, I mean people were trained not simply to read Latin, but to write in Latin. In Germany, university courses took part in the Latin language. So there's an enormous, you know, so they're certainly very, very conversant with the Greek and Roman classics, and they identify with them to a very great extent. Someone like Rousseau, I mean, and many others, and what's his first reading? How did he learn to read by reading Plutarch? In translation, but he learns to read reading Plutach. He sees from the beginning by this enormous admiration for the ancients that we get from Bhutan.Andrew Keen: Was Socrates relevant here? Was the Enlightenment somehow replacing Aristotle with Socrates and making him and his spirit of Enlightenment, of asking questions rather than answering questions, the symbol of a new way of thinking?David Bell: I would say to a certain extent, so I mean, much of the Enlightenment criticizes scholasticism, medieval scholastic, very, very sharply, and medieval scholasticism is founded philosophically very heavily upon Aristotle, so to that extent. And the spirit of skepticism that Socrates embodied, the idea of taking nothing for granted and asking questions about everything, including questions of oneself, yes, absolutely. That said, while the great figures of the Red Plato, you know, Socrates was generally I mean, it was not all that present as they come. But certainly have people with people with red play-doh in the entire virus.Andrew Keen: You mentioned Benjamin Franklin earlier, David. Most of the Enlightenment, of course, seems to be centered in France and Scotland, Germany, England. But America, many Europeans went to America then as a, what some people would call a settler colonial society, or certainly an offshoot of the European world. Was the settling of America and the American Revolution Was it the quintessential Enlightenment project?David Bell: Another very good question, and again, it depends a bit on who you talk to. I just mentioned this book by Peter Gay, and the last part of his book is called The Science of Freedom, and it's all about the American Revolution. So certainly a lot of interpreters of the Enlightenment have said that, yes, the American revolution represents in a sense the best possible outcome of the American Revolution, it was the best, possible outcome of the enlightened. Certainly there you look at the founding fathers of the United States and there's a great deal that they took from me like Certainly, they took a great great number of political ideas from Obviously Madison was very much inspired and drafting the edifice of the Constitution by Montesquieu to see himself Was happy to admit in addition most of the founding Fathers of the united states were you know had kind of you know We still had we were still definitely Christians, but we're also but we were also very much influenced by deism were very much against the idea of making the United States a kind of confessional country where Christianity was dominant. They wanted to believe in the enlightenment principles of free speech, religious toleration and so on and so forth. So in all those senses and very much the gun was probably more inspired than Franklin was somebody who was very conversant with the European Enlightenment. He spent a large part of his life in London. Where he was in contact with figures of the Enlightenment. He also, during the American Revolution, of course, he was mostly in France, where he is vetted by some of the surviving fellows and were very much in contact for them as well. So yes, I would say the American revolution is certainly... And then the American revolutionary scene, of course by the Europeans, very much as a kind of offshoot of the enlightenment. So one of the great books of the late Enlightenment is by Condor Say, which he wrote while he was hiding actually in the future evolution of the chariot. It's called a historical sketch of the progress of the human spirit, or the human mind, and you know he writes about the American Revolution as being, basically owing its existence to being like...Andrew Keen: Franklin is of course an example of your pre-academic enlightenment, a generalist, inventor, scientist, entrepreneur, political thinker. What about the role of science and indeed economics in the Enlightenment? David, we're going to talk of course about the Marxist interpretation, perhaps the Marxist interpretation which sees The Enlightenment is just a euphemism, perhaps, for exploitative capitalism. How central was the growth and development of the market, of economics, and innovation, and capitalism in your reading of The Enlightened?David Bell: Well, in my reading, it was very important, but not in the way that the Marxists used to say. So Friedrich Engels once said that the Enlightenment was basically the idealized kingdom of the bourgeoisie, and there was whole strain of Marxist thinking that followed the assumption that, and then Karl Marx himself argued that the documents like the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, which obviously were inspired by the Enlightment, were simply kind of the near, or kind of. Way that the bourgeoisie was able to advance itself ideologically, and I don't think that holds much water, which is very little indication that any particular economic class motivated the Enlightenment or was using the Enlightment in any way. That said, I think it's very difficult to imagine the Enlightement without the social and economic changes that come in with the 18th century. To begin with globalization. If you read the great works of the Enlightenment, it's remarkable just how open they are to talking about humanity in general. So one of Voltaire's largest works, one of his most important works, is something called Essay on Customs and the Spirit of Nations, which is actually History of the World, where he talks learnedly not simply about Europe, but about the Americas, about China, about Africa, about India. Montesquieu writes Persian letters. Christian Volpe writes about Chinese philosophy. You know, Rousseau writes about... You know, the earliest days of humankind talks about Africa. All the great figures of the Enlightenment are writing about the rest of the world, and this is a period in which contacts between Europe and the rest the world are exploding along with international trade. So by the end of the 18th century, there are 4,000 to 5,000 ships a year crossing the Atlantic. It's an enormous number. And that's one context in which the enlightenment takes place. Another is what we call the consumer revolution. So in the 18th century, certainly in the major cities of Western Europe, people of a wide range of social classes, including even artisans, sort of somewhat wealthy artisians, shopkeepers, are suddenly able to buy a much larger range of products than they were before. They're able to choose how to basically furnish their own lives, if you will, how they're gonna dress, what they're going to eat, what they gonna put on the walls of their apartments and so on and so forth. And so they become accustomed to exercising a great deal more personal choice than their ancestors have done. And the Enlightenment really develops in tandem with this. Most of the great works of the Enlightment, they're not really written to, they're treatises, they're like Kant, they're written to persuade you to think in a single way. Really written to make you ask questions yourself, to force you to ponder things. They're written in the form of puzzles and riddles. Voltaire had a great line there, he wrote that the best kind of books are the books that readers write half of themselves as they read, and that's sort of the quintessence of the Enlightenment as far as I'm concerned.Andrew Keen: Yeah, Voltaire might have been comfortable on YouTube or Facebook. David, you mentioned all those ships going from Europe across the Atlantic. Of course, many of those ships were filled with African slaves. You mentioned this in your piece. I mean, this is no secret, of course. You also mentioned a couple of times Montesquieu's Persian letters. To what extent is... The enlightenment then perhaps the birth of Western power, of Western colonialism, of going to Africa, seizing people, selling them in North America, the French, the English, Dutch colonization of the rest of the world. Of course, later more sophisticated Marxist thinkers from the Frankfurt School, you mentioned these in your essay, Odorno and Horkheimer in particular, See the Enlightenment as... A project, if you like, of Western domination. I remember reading many years ago when I was in graduate school, Edward Said, his analysis of books like The Persian Letters, which is a form of cultural Western power. How much of this is simply bound up in the profound, perhaps, injustice of the Western achievement? And of course, some of the justice as well. We haven't talked about Jefferson, but perhaps in Jefferson's life and his thinking and his enlightened principles and his... Life as a slave owner, these contradictions are most self-evident.David Bell: Well, there are certainly contradictions, and there's certainly... I think what's remarkable, if you think about it, is that if you read through works of the Enlightenment, you would be hard-pressed to find a justification for slavery. You do find a lot of critiques of slavery, and I think that's something very important to keep in mind. Obviously, the chattel slavery of Africans in the Americas began well before the Enlightment, it began in 1500. The Enlightenment doesn't have the credit for being the first movement to oppose slavery. That really goes back to various religious groups, especially the Fakers. But that said, you have in France, you had in Britain, in America even, you'd have a lot of figures associated with the Enlightenment who were pretty sure of becoming very forceful opponents of slavery very early. Now, when it comes to imperialism, that's a tricky issue. What I think you'd find in these light bulbs, you'd different sorts of tendencies and different sorts of writings. So there are certainly a lot of writers of the Enlightenment who are deeply opposed to European authorities. One of the most popular works of the late Enlightenment was a collective work edited by the man named the Abbe Rinal, which is called The History of the Two Indies. And that is a book which is deeply, deeply critical of European imperialism. At the same time, at the same of the enlightenment, a lot the works of history written during the Enlightment. Tended, such as Voltaire's essay on customs, which I just mentioned, tend to give a kind of very linear version of history. They suggest that all societies follow the same path, from sort of primitive savagery, hunter-gatherers, through early agriculture, feudal stages, and on into sort of modern commercial society and civilization. And so they're basically saying, okay, we, the Europeans, are the most advanced. People like the Africans and the Native Americans are the least advanced, and so perhaps we're justified in going and quote, bringing our civilization to them, what later generations would call the civilizing missions, or possibly just, you know, going over and exploiting them because we are stronger and we are more, and again, we are the best. And then there's another thing that the Enlightenment did. The Enlightenment tended to destroy an older Christian view of humankind, which in some ways militated against modern racism. Christians believed, of course, that everyone was the same from Adam and Eve, which meant that there was an essential similarity in the world. And the Enlightenment challenged this by challenging the biblical kind of creation. The Enlightenment challenges this. Voltaire, for instance, believed that there had actually been several different human species that had different origins, and that can very easily become a justification for racism. Buffon, one of the most Figures of the French Enlightenment, one of the early naturalists, was crucial for trying to show that in fact nature is not static, that nature is always changing, that species are changing, including human beings. And so again, that allowed people to think in terms of human beings at different stages of evolution, and perhaps this would be a justification for privileging the more advanced humans over the less advanced. In the 18th century itself, most of these things remain potential, rather than really being acted upon. But in the 19th century, figures of writers who would draw upon these things certainly went much further, and these became justifications for slavery, imperialism, and other things. So again, the Enlightenment is the source of a great deal of stuff here, and you can't simply put it into one box or more.Andrew Keen: You mentioned earlier, David, that Concorda wrote one of the later classics of the... Condorcet? Sorry, Condorcets, excuse my French. Condorcès wrote one the later Classics of the Enlightenment when he was hiding from the French Revolution. In your mind, was the revolution itself the natural conclusion, climax? Perhaps anti-climax of the Enlightenment. Certainly, it seems as if a lot of the critiques of the French Revolution, particularly the more conservative ones, Burke comes to mind, suggested that perhaps the principles of in the Enlightment inevitably led to the guillotine, or is that an unfair way of thinking of it?David Bell: Well, there are a lot of people who have thought like that. Edmund Burke already, writing in 1790, in his reflections on the revolution in France, he said that everything which was great in the old regime is being dissolved and, quoting, dissolved by this new conquering empire of light and reason. And then he said about the French that in the groves of their academy at the end of every vista, you see nothing but the gallows. Nothing but the Gallows. So there, in 1780, he already seemed to be predicting the reign of terror and blaming it. A certain extent from the Enlightenment. That said, I think, you know, again, the French Revolution is incredibly complicated event. I mean, you certainly have, you know, an explosion of what we could call Enlightenment thinking all over the place. In France, it happened in France. What happened there was that you had a, you know, the collapse of an extraordinarily inefficient government and a very, you know, in a very antiquated, paralyzed system of government kind of collapsed, created a kind of political vacuum. Into that vacuum stepped a lot of figures who were definitely readers of the Enlightenment. Oh so um but again the Enlightment had I said I don't think you can call the Enlightement a single thing so to say that the Enlightiment inspired the French Revolution rather than the There you go.Andrew Keen: Although your essay on liberties is the Enlightenment then and now you probably didn't write is always these lazy editors who come up with inaccurate and inaccurate titles. So for you, there is no such thing as the Enlighten.David Bell: No, there is. There is. But still, it's a complex thing. It contains multitudes.Andrew Keen: So it's the Enlightenment rather than the United States.David Bell: Conflicting tendencies, it has contradictions within it. There's enough unity to refer to it as a singular noun, but it doesn't mean that it all went in one single direction.Andrew Keen: But in historical terms, did the failure of the French Revolution, its descent into Robespierre and then Bonaparte, did it mark the end in historical terms a kind of bookend of history? You began in 1720 by 1820. Was the age of the Enlightenment pretty much over?David Bell: I would say yes. I think that, again, one of the things about the French Revolution is that people who are reading these books and they're reading these ideas and they are discussing things really start to act on them in a very different way from what it did before the French revolution. You have a lot of absolute monarchs who are trying to bring certain enlightenment principles to bear in their form of government, but they're not. But it's difficult to talk about a full-fledged attempt to enact a kind of enlightenment program. Certainly a lot of the people in the French Revolution saw themselves as doing that. But as they did it, they ran into reality, I would say. I mean, now Tocqueville, when he writes his old regime in the revolution, talks about how the French philosophes were full of these abstract ideas that were divorced from reality. And while that's an exaggeration, there was a certain truth to them. And as soon as you start having the age of revolutions, as soon you start people having to devise systems of government that will actually last, and as you have people, democratic representative systems that will last, and as they start revising these systems under the pressure of actual events, then you're not simply talking about an intellectual movement anymore, you're talking about something very different. And so I would say that, well, obviously the ideas of the Enlightenment continue to inspire people, the books continue to be read, debated. They lead on to figures like Kant, and as we talked about earlier, Kant leads to Hegel, Hegel leads to Marx in a certain sense. Nonetheless, by the time you're getting into the 19th century, what you have, you know, has connections to the Enlightenment, but can we really still call it the Enlightment? I would sayAndrew Keen: And Tocqueville, of course, found democracy in America. Is democracy itself? I know it's a big question. But is it? Bound up in the Enlightenment. You've written extensively, David, both for liberties and elsewhere on liberalism. Is the promise of democracy, democratic systems, the one born in the American Revolution, promised in the French Revolution, not realized? Are they products of the Enlightment, or is the 19th century and the democratic systems that in the 19th century, is that just a separate historical track?David Bell: Again, I would say there are certain things in the Enlightenment that do lead in that direction. Certainly, I think most figures in the enlightenment in one general sense or another accepted the idea of a kind of general notion of popular sovereignty. It didn't mean that they always felt that this was going to be something that could necessarily be acted upon or implemented in their own day. And they didn't necessarily associate generalized popular sovereignty with what we would now call democracy with people being able to actually govern themselves. Would be certain figures, certainly Diderot and some of his essays, what we saw very much in the social contract, you know, were sketching out, you knows, models for possible democratic system. Condorcet, who actually lived into the French Revolution, wrote one of the most draft constitutions for France, that's one of most democratic documents ever proposed. But of course there were lots of figures in the Enlightenment, Voltaire, and others who actually believed much more in absolute monarchy, who believed that you just, you know, you should have. Freedom of speech and freedom of discussion, out of which the best ideas would emerge, but then you had to give those ideas to the prince who imposed them by poor sicknesses.Andrew Keen: And of course, Rousseau himself, his social contract, some historians have seen that as the foundations of totalitarian, modern totalitarianism. Finally, David, your wonderful essay in Liberties in the spring quarterly 2025 is The Enlightenment, Then and Now. What about now? You work at Princeton, your president has very bravely stood up to the new presidential regime in the United States, in defense of academic intellectual freedom. Does the word and the movement, does it have any relevance in the 2020s, particularly in an age of neo-authoritarianism around the world?David Bell: I think it does. I think we have to be careful about it. I always get a little nervous when people say, well, we should simply go back to the Enlightenment, because the Enlightenments is history. We don't go back the 18th century. I think what we need to do is to recover certain principles, certain ideals from the 18 century, the ones that matter to us, the ones we think are right, and make our own Enlightenment better. I don't think we need be governed by the 18 century. Thomas Paine once said that no generation should necessarily rule over every generation to come, and I think that's probably right. Unfortunately in the United States, we have a constitution which is now essentially unamendable, so we're doomed to live by a constitution largely from the 18th century. But are there many things in the Enlightenment that we should look back to, absolutely?Andrew Keen: Well, David, I am going to free you for your own French Enlightenment. You can go and have some croissant now in your local cafe in Paris. Thank you so much for a very, I excuse the pun, enlightening conversation on the Enlightenment then and now, Essential Essay in Liberties. I'd love to get you back on the show. Talk more history. Thank you. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit keenon.substack.com/subscribe

France's Soy Crackdown Sparks Debate Over Science, Sustainability, and Plant-Based Policy. It's consumer manipulation. And it's shocking news, given that the science proving soy is a healthy powerhouse is overwhelming. Listen to today's episode from VegNews.com #vegan #plantbased #plantbasedbriefing #soy #isoflavones #tofu #tempeh #ANSES #plantbasedbias #consumermanipulation #sustainableeating   ======================== Top 15 Plant Based Food Podcasts I'm pleased to be listed in the top 15 Plant Based Food Podcasts! Check out the list here: https://podcast.feedspot.com/plant_based_food_podcasts/ ========================== Original post: https://vegnews.com/seed-oils-butter-study  Related Episodes: 963: Plant-Based Protein – Are Pea and Soy Protein Isolates Harmful?https://plantbasedbriefing.libsyn.com/963-plant-based-protein-are-pea-and-soy-protein-isolates-harmful-by-dr-michael-greger-at-nutritionfactsorg  872: Is Eating Soy Good for Kids? New Study Says Yes—And It Can Help Them Pay Attention https://plantbasedbriefing.libsyn.com/872-is-eating-soy-good-for-kids-new-study-says-yesand-it-can-help-them-pay-attention-by-anna-starostinetskaya-at-vegnewscom  (There are tons more episodes linked in the show notes of episode 872, above)   Related Episodes: use search feature at https://www.plantbasedbriefing.com/episodes-search  Search for soy   ======================== Launched in 2000, VegNews is the largest vegan media brand in the world. They have a best-selling plant-based magazine, and they create amazing content from food and fashion to travel, celebrity interviews, beauty and health info, a meal planner, and vegan travel excursions. Their Guide section on their website is full of great information and they have an online shop where you can find cookbooks, foods, kitchen tools, vegan meal delivery services. They also have a website, VeganWeddings.com. Please visit www.VegNews.com for a wealth of resources.  ======================== FOLLOW THE SHOW ON: YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@plantbasedbriefing     Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2GONW0q2EDJMzqhuwuxdCF?si=2a20c247461d4ad7 Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/plant-based-briefing/id1562925866 Your podcast app of choice: https://pod.link/1562925866 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PlantBasedBriefing   LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/plant-based-briefing/   Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/plantbasedbriefing/   

durée : 00:32:40 - Les Nuits de France Culture - par : Philippe Garbit - Par Pierre Sipriot - Avec Robert Amadou, Etienne Drioton (professeur au Collège de France), Christiane Desroches-Noblecourt (conservateur du département des antiquités égyptiennes au musée du Louvre) et André Parrot (conservateur en chef au musée du Louvre) - réalisation : Virginie Mourthé

This Day in Legal History: Maryland Toleration Act PassedOn April 21, 1649, the Maryland Assembly passed the Maryland Toleration Act, a landmark piece of colonial legislation that granted freedom of worship to all Christians in the colony. Also known as the Act Concerning Religion, it was one of the first legal efforts in the American colonies to protect religious liberty through statutory law. The act was enacted under the leadership of Cecil Calvert, the second Lord Baltimore, who sought to maintain peace in Maryland's religiously diverse population, which included both Catholics and Protestants.The law's preamble acknowledged the dangers of religious coercion, stating that "the inforceing of the conscience in matters of Religion hath frequently fallen out to be of dangerous Consequence." To preserve harmony, it declared that no Christian should be "troubled, Molested or discountenanced" for practicing their faith, provided they did not threaten the colony's civil government or the authority of the Lord Proprietor.While progressive for its time, the Act's protections were limited to those who professed belief in Jesus Christ, excluding Jews, atheists, and other non-Christians. Violators of the law's religious tolerance provisions faced harsh penalties, including fines, public whipping, or even death for blasphemy.The Act was repealed just five years later during a period of Protestant ascendancy, reflecting the fragile nature of religious tolerance in colonial America. Nonetheless, it remains significant as an early attempt to codify the principle that faith should not be a basis for persecution.A federal judge has ruled that the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) can no longer direct the termination of probationary federal workers based on performance-related justifications that were, according to the court, misleading. U.S. District Judge William Alsup called OPM's use of standardized termination letters citing performance as the reason for firing thousands of employees a “total sham.” He emphasized that falsely attributing the dismissals to performance could harm the affected workers' reputations and career prospects for years to come.The ruling affects employees at six federal agencies and prohibits further terminations under these pretenses. Judge Alsup's decision underscores that these workers were dismissed under false narratives while still in their probationary period—either newly hired or recently promoted—and should not have been labeled as underperformers without proper evaluation or process.Though Alsup's ruling offers protection against future actions, he declined to issue a preliminary injunction requested by the state of Washington, stating the state lacked standing because it could not show concrete harm from the federal firings, such as a clear loss of federal services.This legal challenge comes amid a broader judicial tug-of-war. In March, Alsup had initially ordered the reinstatement of 16,000 workers pending resolution of a lawsuit. However, the U.S. Supreme Court blocked that injunction on April 8, suggesting that nonprofit organizations representing federal workers may lack the legal standing to sue on their behalf. Following that, the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals also halted a separate injunction from a Maryland judge that would have reinstated probationary employees in 19 states and Washington, D.C.Despite the limits imposed by the higher courts, Alsup's decision focuses on the reputational harm caused by labeling the dismissals as performance-based, rather than procedural or administrative. He signaled that the government must correct the record for those terminated workers.Performance-Based Federal Worker Layoffs a ‘Sham' Judge RulesThe U.S. Supreme Court is set to hear a major challenge to a provision of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), commonly known as Obamacare, that mandates insurers cover certain preventive medical services—like cancer screenings and diabetes testing—without cost-sharing by patients. The case centers on the constitutional validity of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), a panel of medical experts that identifies which services should be covered. The panel's 16 members are appointed by the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) but are not confirmed by the Senate.A group of Texas-based Christian individuals and businesses filed the lawsuit in 2020, arguing that the USPSTF wields too much authority and must therefore comply with the U.S. Constitution's Appointments Clause. This clause requires that significant federal officers—known as "principal officers"—be nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate. The plaintiffs claim the task force has evolved from a purely advisory body to one that effectively imposes binding legal obligations on insurers, all without proper accountability.In 2024, the conservative-leaning 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals agreed with the plaintiffs, ruling the task force's structure unconstitutional. The federal government appealed that ruling to the Supreme Court. The Biden administration originally filed the appeal, and it was later continued by the Trump administration. Government lawyers argue that the task force should be classified as comprising "inferior officers," since their recommendations are only made binding when approved by the HHS Secretary, who can remove task force members at will.The plaintiffs, however, maintain that the Secretary lacks actual power to stop recommendations from taking effect, making the task force's authority effectively unchecked. They also argue that this lack of oversight elevates the members to principal officer status, necessitating Senate confirmation.Before narrowing the lawsuit to the appointments issue, the plaintiffs also challenged the ACA's requirement to cover HIV prevention medication on religious grounds, asserting it promoted behaviors they opposed. The appeals court declined to sever portions of the law that might otherwise save the provision, another aspect now before the Supreme Court.If the Supreme Court upholds the lower court's decision, key preventive healthcare services could become subject to out-of-pocket costs like deductibles and co-pays, potentially deterring millions from accessing early detection and prevention tools. The Court's decision, expected by the end of June, could reshape how health policy is implemented under the ACA and may further weaken one of its core patient protections.US Supreme Court to hear clash over Obamacare preventive care | ReutersIn a rapidly unfolding legal confrontation, the U.S. Supreme Court issued an emergency order halting the deportation of a group of Venezuelan migrants from Texas, sparking a strong dissent from Justice Samuel Alito. The court intervened early Saturday morning, acting on urgent filings by detainees' lawyers who said the migrants were already being loaded onto buses for imminent deportation to El Salvador. The migrants were accused of gang affiliation, but their legal team argued they hadn't been given fair notice or time to challenge their removal. The administration attempted to use the Alien Enemies Act of 1798, a wartime law, to justify these expulsions.Justice Alito, joined by Justice Clarence Thomas, sharply criticized the majority's decision, calling it "unprecedented and legally questionable." He argued that the Court acted without giving lower courts adequate time to review the claims and issued its order with limited evidence and no explanation. The justices' ruling paused deportations “until further order of this Court,” leaving room for future legal developments.The Trump administration quickly responded, filing a motion urging the Court to reverse its stay. U.S. Solicitor General D. John Sauer argued the detainees' lawyers bypassed proper procedure by going directly to the Supreme Court and that lower courts had not yet had a chance to establish key facts. He maintained that the migrants received legally sufficient notice, though reports suggested the notices were in English only and lacked clear instructions.The administration's use of the Alien Enemies Act to deport alleged gang members is highly controversial. Originally passed in 1798 during hostilities with France, the law has been used sparingly and almost exclusively during wartime. The Supreme Court has not yet ruled on whether its application in this immigration context is constitutional. Migrants' advocates, including the ACLU, maintain that many of the men deported or at risk of deportation are not gang members and were denied due process.The legal conflict reflects a broader tension between Trump's immigration enforcement efforts and judicial oversight. Last month, Trump ordered the deportation of more than 200 men to a Salvadoran maximum-security prison, reportedly ignoring a judge's oral order to halt at least two flights. The White House has not signaled any intent to defy the current Supreme Court stay but remains committed to its immigration crackdown.The case, A.A.R.P. v. Trump, now becomes a focal point in ongoing disputes about executive authority, due process rights for detainees, and the scope of immigration enforcement under rarely invoked legal provisions. As the Court weighs further action, the lives of dozens of migrants hang in the balance, caught between legal technicalities and broader political pressures.Supreme Court's Alito Calls Block of Deportations ‘Questionable' - BloombergAlito criticizes US Supreme Court's decision to 'hastily' block deportations | ReutersTrump Administration Asks Supreme Court to Lift Deportation Halt - BloombergA federal judge in Boston ruled that the Trump administration's passport policy targeting transgender and nonbinary individuals is likely unconstitutional. The policy, which followed an executive order signed by President Trump immediately after returning to office, required passport applicants to list their biological sex at birth and allowed only "male" or "female" markers. This reversed prior policies that permitted self-identification and, under the Biden administration, had allowed the use of a gender-neutral "X" option.U.S. District Judge Julia Kobick issued a preliminary injunction that bars enforcement of the policy against six of the seven plaintiffs who filed the lawsuit. She held that the policy discriminates based on sex and reflects a bias against transgender individuals, violating the Fifth Amendment's guarantee of equal protection. Kobick described the administration's approach as rooted in "irrational prejudice" and said it runs counter to the Constitution's promise of equality.Despite finding the policy likely unconstitutional, Kobick declined to issue a nationwide injunction, stating that the plaintiffs did not justify the need for broad relief. Still, the ruling marks a significant legal setback for the administration's broader effort to redefine federal gender recognition policies.The executive order at the center of the case mandated all federal agencies, including the State Department, to recognize only two sexes—male and female—based on biology at birth. The State Department then revised its passport application process to align with this directive.The case is part of a wave of legal challenges to Trump's rollback of gender recognition policies. Lawyers for the plaintiffs, represented by the ACLU, vowed to continue fighting to expand the ruling's protections to all affected individuals.Trump passport policy targeting transgender people likely unconstitutional, judge rules | Reuters This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

Des caméras à la reconnaissance faciale, de la vidéosurveillance algorithmique en passant par les drones, la surveillance des citoyens s'accentue et se perfectionne aux rythmes des avancées technologiques et du traitement des données de masse. Dernièrement, la ville de Manchester, au Royaume-Uni, a installé des caméras dotées d'une intelligence artificielle pour détecter les automobilistes en infraction pour usage de téléphone ou absence de ceinture. On ne compte plus les villes qui se dotent de ce type de système pour contrôler le civisme et le respect des lois par les citoyens jusqu'à la prévention d'attentats. « Safe city » pour les uns ou « big brother » pour les autres, le recours à la surveillance de masse pour garantir la sécurité interroge. Comment ces dispositifs sont utilisés par les forces de l'ordre ? Qu'attendre de la révolution IA ? Et quelle efficacité ? Sommes-nous réellement plus en sécurité sous haute surveillance ?Cette émission est une rediffusion du 17 décembre 2024.Avec Félix Tréguer, chercheur associé au Centre internet et sécurité du CNRS et membre de la Quadrature du Net. Auteur de Technopolice – La surveillance policière à l'ère de l'intelligence artificielle (Éditions Divergences, 2024).Un focus d'Edward Maille, correspondant de RFI à Atlanta aux États-Unis, où l'intelligence artificielle a déjà largement gagné les postes de police. Ce qui ne déplait pas forcément la population.En fin d'émission, le succès des repats réalisé par Charlie Dupiot :À 33 ans, Diane-Audrey Ngako est à la tête de trois agences de communication au Cameroun. Tee-shirt blanc, boucles d'oreilles coquillages et large sourire, la communicante ne passe pas inaperçue. À Douala où elle vit, on l'appelle la « mbenghiste », celle qui vient de France. Née au Cameroun, elle a vécu en France de ses 11 ans à ses 25 ans... avant de rentrer dans son pays d'origine, pour se lancer dans la communication auprès d'entreprises, ou de responsables politiques. Aujourd'hui, son groupe emploie 30 collaborateurs à temps plein et une vingtaine de travailleurs free-lance, photographes, vidéastes ou imprimeurs. Notre reporter Charlie Dupiot a rencontré Diane-Audrey Ngako dans son agence « Omenkart » à Douala... Elle fait le point avec son adjointe sur l'une des prochaines campagnes de publicité.Programmation musicale :► No Limit – Tiakola► Praying For My Downfall –- Ish Kevin

World news in 7 minutes. Tuesday 22nd April 2025.Today: Pope dies. France Kardashian trial. Colombia yellow fever. El Salvador US congress. US Hegseth chat. DRC boat disaster. South Sudan capture. Yemen bombing. Israel admits wrongdoing. And elderly smartphone users.SEND7 is supported by our amazing listeners like you.Our supporters get access to the transcripts and vocabulary list written by us every day.Our supporters get access to an English worksheet made by us once per week.Our supporters get access to our weekly news quiz made by us once per week.We give 10% of our profit to Effective Altruism charities. You can become a supporter at send7.org/supportContact us at podcast@send7.org or send an audio message at speakpipe.com/send7Please leave a rating on Apple podcasts or Spotify.We don't use AI! Every word is written and recorded by us!Since 2020, SEND7 (Simple English News Daily in 7 minutes) has been telling the most important world news stories in intermediate English. Every day, listen to the most important stories from every part of the world in slow, clear English. Whether you are an intermediate learner trying to improve your advanced, technical and business English, or if you are a native speaker who just wants to hear a summary of world news as fast as possible, join Stephen Devincenzi, Ben Mallett and Juliet Martin every morning. Transcripts, vocabulary lists, worksheets and our weekly world news quiz are available for our amazing supporters at send7.org. Simple English News Daily is the perfect way to start your day, by practising your listening skills and understanding complicated daily news in a simple way. It is also highly valuable for IELTS and TOEFL students. Students, teachers, TEFL teachers, and people with English as a second language, tell us that they use SEND7 because they can learn English through hard topics, but simple grammar. We believe that the best way to improve your spoken English is to immerse yourself in real-life content, such as what our podcast provides. SEND7 covers all news including politics, business, natural events and human rights. Whether it is happening in Europe, Africa, Asia, the Americas or Oceania, you will hear it on SEND7, and you will understand it.Get your daily news and improve your English listening in the time it takes to make a coffee.For more information visit send7.org/contact or send an email to podcast@send7.org

Romancier, scénariste et créateur du Feuilleton Français, Benoît Abtey lève le voile sur une enquête historique inédite :

C'est une information RFI. En Centrafrique, le pouvoir dit formellement « oui » à un dialogue politique avec l'opposition avant la présidentielle de décembre prochain. Le 30 mars, le président Faustin-Archange Touadéra a dit à demi-mot qu'il entrouvrait la porte à ce dialogue. Le 4 avril, il a autorisé dans les rues de Bangui une manifestation de l'opposition du BRDC, le Bloc républicain pour la défense de la constitution. Et ce lundi matin, son ministre-conseiller spécial Fidèle Gouandjika confirme officiellement qu'il y aura un dialogue politique entre le pouvoir et l'opposition. Avec qui et sur quels sujets ? En ligne de Bangui, Fidèle Gouandjika répond aux questions de Christophe Boisbouvier. RFI : le 4 avril dernier, l'opposition a organisé à Bangui une manifestation que vous aviez d'abord interdite et que vous avez finalement autorisée. Est-ce le signe d'une décrispation politique ? Fidèle Gouandjika : c'est le ministre de l'Intérieur qui a pris de son côté, sans aviser le Conseil des ministres et qui a interdit cette manifestation. Et le président de la République a tapé du poing sur la table et a instruit le ministre de l'Intérieur d'accorder au BRDC, le Bloc républicain pour la défense de la constitution, leur marche. Et donc, je pense que c'est un signe continuel de décrispation parce que le président a toujours tendu la main à l'opposition dite démocratique.En décembre dernier, le président Touadera a exhorté les opposants à faire preuve de maturité politique, sous-entendu à ne pas boycotter l'élection de décembre prochain. Mais est-ce que cet appel à la raison ne serait pas mieux entendu si vous donniez votre accord à l'ouverture d'un dialogue politique ? Le président de la République vient de marquer son accord pour l'organisation d'un dialogue politique avec le B RDC. Mais le président de la République ne va pas s'asseoir avec les leaders de l'opposition démocratique autour d'une même table pour faire ce dialogue. Parce que ces opposants-là ne sont pas à son niveau. C'est le gouvernement qui sera appelé à les entendre et certainement d'autres institutions républicaines qui vont s'asseoir avec eux pour discuter de cette affaire-là.Donc, il y aura un dialogue politique entre le gouvernement et l'opposition du BRDC, le Bloc républicain pour la défense de la Constitution ?Bien sûr ! Il faut bien dire que quatre leaders de l'opposition demandent à ce que l'on revienne à la constitution de 2016. Mais c'est une aberration, monsieur le journaliste ! On a vu ça dans quel pays du monde ?Et au niveau du gouvernement, qui pourrait participer à ce nouveau dialogue politique ?On attend du BRDC les points qu'ils vont soulever pour que le gouvernement s'attelle déjà sur ces points-là.L'une des requêtes de l'opposition, ce sont des élections inclusives. Et est-ce qu'au terme de ce dialogue politique, Anicet-Georges Dologuélé, Crépin Mboli Goumba et Dominique Yandocka, qui sont actuellement binationaux, pourront être candidats ? Mais la seule condition, c'est qu'ils renoncent à leur nationalité [non centrafricaine] le plus rapidement possible pour qu'ils restent dans le délai pour briguer la magistrature suprême de l'État. C'est simple, prenez l'exemple du Sénégal, de la Côte d'Ivoire, du monde entier.Donc oui à un dialogue politique ? Eh bien, le Président a marqué son accord et on verra peut-être que c'est Fidèle Gouandjika qui conduira les pouvoirs publics comme d'habitude. Et on verra.Donc, vous pourriez diriger la délégation du gouvernement dans ce future dialogue politique ?J'en ai la capacité et les compétences.Si Faustin-Archange Touadera se représente au mois de décembre prochain et se fait réélire, est-ce que vous ne craignez pas que plusieurs opposants, comme Martin Ziguélé, ne dénoncent « la présidence à vie d'un Bokassa sans empire » ?Le BRDC fait son opposition dans les chancelleries occidentales. Ils tiennent leurs réunions au Café de Paris. Il s'agit d'une élection inclusive. Il ne s'agit pas d'une présidence à vie. Il ne s'agit pas d'un Bokassa sans empire. Ça, c'est insulter la mémoire de Bokassa. Et voilà.Alors vous dites que l'opposition fait ses réunions dans les chancelleries occidentales et à Paris. Mais cette opposition réplique que vous êtes sous la tutelle du groupe russe Wagner, qui pille les ressources minières de la République centrafricaine et notamment la grande mine d'or proche de Bambari !!! Ça, c'est un disque rayé. Vous savez très bien que la République centrafricaine a signé une convention militaire et économique avec la Fédération de Russie et que les Wagner ont sauvé la démocratie de la République centrafricaine en évitant un coup d'État qui pouvait engendrer un génocide. Et nous ne sommes pas sous tutelle de Wagner. La Russie viendra avec nous. Nous allons commencer à exploiter nos richesses minières, notre pétrole et comme ça, la République centrafricaine sera dans un temps à moyen terme un pays émergent.Donc votre principal allié reste la Russie ?Mais nous avons la Russie, nous avons la Chine, nous avons les États-Unis, nous avons les pays arabes, nous avons le Rwanda, nous avons tous les pays de l'Afrique et nous avons encore la France qui cherche à revenir par la petite porte, qui invite çà et là le président Touadera et qui pense qu'elle peut corrompre le président Touadera. Non, non, non, nous avons les yeux ouverts. À lire aussiCentrafrique: la surpopulation des prisons inquiète, notamment dans la centrale de NgaragbaÀ lire aussiCentrafrique: «Le président Touadéra doit respecter son serment, il n'y a pas de troisième mandat qui tienne»

Entre foi, identité et modernité, cet épisode explore les tensions de notre époque. Guillaume Pelletier dévoile le pavillon canadien à l’Expo 2025 d’Osaka, symbole d’ouverture et d’innovation. Lise Ravary défend la décision de la Cour suprême britannique sur la définition légale du mot "femme". Mandana Javan raconte comment elle a infiltré un événement de QS en niqab pour dénoncer des contradictions idéologiques. Enfin, Marc Boilard s’interroge sur l’avenir des religions après la mort du pape François. Une production QUB Avril 2025Pour de l'information concernant l'utilisation de vos données personnelles - https://omnystudio.com/policies/listener/fr