Podcast appearances and mentions of paul lagunes

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During his last visit to Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), Matthew took the opportunity to interview Roberto de Michele (@rodemichele61) and Francesco De Simone, both Modernization of the State experts. As usual, the interview kicks off with providing some information on both interviewees’ background and motivation to do work on (anti-)corruption. The interview pursues to outline the four main clusters of anti-corruption work by the IDB: 1. financial integrity supporting countries with anti-money laundering tax transparency 2. governance in the extractive sector 3. control systems government oversight 4. open government access to information, open government partnership The three discuss how IDB standards can ensure progress in anti-corruption and what the track record of each assistance project has been. You can view the overview of all IDB projects on the website via https://www.iadb.org/en/projects. The interview points out new challenges for anti-corruption such as targeted transparency and which procurement specifics can actually ensure that oversight continues beyond the point when public contract are awarded. The three discuss the challenges of how to measure success, touching on the difference between outputs vs. outcomes, and how it might makes sense to rely on intermediate outcomes that indicate that things are improving, e.g. number of bidders in public procurement as a sign of competition. Underlying the challenges to measure corruption, Roberto and Francesco mention a IDB workshop with experts on measurement of corruption, featuring research by Mitchell Seligson (see for an example paper on victimization surveys below) Roberto and Francesco also outline what they have learned in the last decade about anti-corruption that surprised them. The three discuss the IDB’s “Report of the Expert Advisory Group on Anti-Corruption, Transparency, and Integrity in Latin America and the Caribbean” (See link in references). They cover why it is both unusual and useful. They discuss the different ideas about incremental vs. big push policy reforms and more broadly discuss which academic research has been valuable to the work of IDB. In particular, they touch on Benjamin Olken’s work on how to measure corruption (see most famous paper in ref list) and Paul Lagunes work in Peru (to find out more about Paul’s great work, you can check out this previous episode of Kickback: https://soundcloud.com/kickback-gap/4-episode-paul-lagunes The interview ends with Roberto’s and Francesco’s optimistic & pessimistic takes on corruption in South America. Francesco increasingly perceives himself in a pedagogical role emphasizing patience as anti-corruption is a long-term process, referring to the book The shame of the cities by Lincoln Steffens. References and further readings Engel, E., Noveck, B. S., Ferreira Rubio, D., Kaufmann, D., Lara Yaffar, A., Londoño Saldarriaga, J., Pieth, M., & Rose-Ackerman, S. (2018). Report of the Expert Advisory Group on Anti-Corruption, Transparency, and Integrity in Latin America and the Caribbean. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/00001419 Lagunes, P. (2018). Guardians of accountability: a field experiment on corruption and inefficiency in local public works. Available via: https://repositorio.cgu.gov.br/bitstream/1/27537/3/Lagunes_2017_Working_paper.pdf Olken, B. A. (2007). Monitoring corruption: evidence from a field experiment in Indonesia. Journal of political Economy, 115(2), 200-249. Seligson, M. A. (2006). The measurement and impact of corruption victimization: Survey evidence from Latin America. World Development, 34(2), 381-404. Full text available here: https://cdn.vanderbilt.edu/vu-my/wp-content/uploads/sites/1209/2019/04/14113557/Seligson-The-Measurement-and-Impact-of-Corruption-World-Development-2005.pdf Steffens, L. (1904). The shame of the cities. McClure, Phillips & Company. https://g.co/kgs/mbMi46

For this special episode Nils and Christopher sat down to reflect on the first 20 episodes of Kickback and discuss some plans for the 2020. For those who want to support us financially to cover our running costs: https://www.patreon.com/kickbackpodcast For those who want to follow us via Social Media: https://twitter.com/KickbackGAP https://www.facebook.com/KickBackGAP The Kickback team wishes you a happy holiday season! We look forward to 2020! Chapter I - Basics 1. Susan Rose-Ackerman on the principal-agent theory of corruption 5. Bo Rothstein on corruption as a collective action problem and long term fixes 7. Paul Heywood on which questions to ask to gain new insights into the wicked problem of corruption Chapter II – Perspectives on Corruption 12. Oguzhan Dincer on measuring corruption at different levels & historic developments in Turkey 13. Cristina Bicchieri on social norms of corruption, Antanas Mockus and Soap Operas 16. Kevin E. Davis on his book "Between Impunity & Imperialism" and fighting transnational bribery 17. Shaul Shalvi on behavioral ethics and the psychological roots of corruption 19. Monika Bauhr on need vs. greed corruption and how it is linked to gender Chapter III - Regions 4. Paul Lagunes on transparency 2.0, the importance of citizens for anti-corruption in Latin America 11. Daria Kaleniuk on the anti-corruption reforms in Ukraine 14. Kieu Vien on encouraging discussions about corruption & shaping anti-corruption laws in Vietnam 20. Leonor Ortiz Monasterio & Miguel Meza on anti-corruption in Mexico Chapter IV - Journalism 6. Frederik Obermaier on Panama Papers, Ibiza video & the role of media freedom for anti-corruption 8. Alina Mungiu-Pippidi on corruption in Romania, democratic transitions, advise for young scholars 18. David Barboza on investigating the hidden wealth of Chinese elites Chapter V - Practitioners 2. Deltan Dallagnol on leading the prosecution of the Lava Jato investigations in Brazil 3. Robtel Neajai Pailey on how to teach anti-corruption through children's books 9. Debra LaPrevotte on being an FBI agent, asset recovery, safe havens for cleptocrats & war crimes 10. Elise Bean on financial fraud, money laundering and the top 3 policies to curb corruption 15. Sergei Guriev on the value of governance, inclusion & the internet for anti-corruption efforts

If you are interested in… …how average citizens could contribute to holding politicians more accountable? ..how transparency 2.0 might help to reduce corruption more effectively? …why politicians who campaigned strongly against corruption do not seem to follow through once they take office? … the current trends in anti-corruption in general, maybe even care about Latin America in particular? Then the latest episode of KickBack featuring an interview with Paul Lagunes will provide many insightful answers. This week’s guest Paul Lagunes is an Assistant Professor at Columbia University’s School of International and Public Affairs. In his research Paul combines mixed methods, including field experiments, as a means to better understand and limit corruption in city governments across the Americas. The interview starts off by discussing Paul’s latest book called The Watchful Eye & the Cracking Whip: Field Experiments on Corruption & Inefficiency in the Americas. Paul mentions the recent corruption allegations against Walmart in Mexico as well as the large lava jato (Car wash) scandal, which is covered in a previous episode of KickBack. Things get technical when Matthew and Paul discuss on the different theoretical approach to understand corruption as a Principal Agent Problem, most famously outlined by a previous guest of KickBack, Susan Rose-Ackerman. Paul defends that view against the criticism that in systemic corrupt societies there is often “no principled principle” – the officials responsible to police corruption fall prey to the high level of corruption. Find out how an intelligence officer abusing his power to spy on his wife fits into this discussion. They discuss which factors are important so that the officials remain honest, where Paul mentions Melanie Manion’s work. The two discuss whether and how people like you and me can contribute to being part of the watchful eye, drawing on Paul’s experience in collaborating with the Peruvian chapter of Transparency International – ProEtica. Paul outlines how in the past decades an increased emphasis has been to promote transparency. Moving forward, transparency 2.0 help NGO to conduct monitoring they are already doing Evalua in Mexico monitoring the use of public funds. Towards the end, Matthew and Paul discuss where Latin America is headed in when it comes to anti-corruption, touching on the Anti-Impunity Commission International Commission Against Impunity (CICIG) in Guatemala. Find out whether Paul is optimistic about recent political changes in Brazil and Mexico, why elected presidents might not fulfill their anti-corruption promises and how the Odebrecht scandal ties into that.

Every politician claims to oppose corruption, which can mean everything from a small bribe to a policeman to a multimillion dollar kickback to a government official.   And yet it remains a fact of life in many countries around the world.   What is corruption?   Why should we worry about it?   What are the causes of corruption?   And what are the most effective ways to combat it?   This episode’s guest is Dr. Paul Lagunes, the 2018 Board of Advisors Visiting Fellow at the Baker Institute.  He is also an assistant professor at Columbia University’s School of International and Public Affairs.   His research on the political economy of development examines the issue of corruption with a focus on the Americas.

Paul Lagunes, the 2018 Board of Advisors Visiting Fellow, and an assistant professor at Columbia University’s School of International and Public Affairs, talks about the role of transparency in fighting corruption, what steps are needed beyond ensuring better access to public information, and Mexico’s corruption problem in a broader, Latin American perspective. For updated information and analysis on Mexico's July 1 election and the results at the federal, state and local level, visit the Mexico Center's Election Resource page. For comments and questions please email mexicocenter@rice.edu  

Paul Lagunes is a Columbia University political scientist whose scholarship focuses on corruption in the Americas. His current book project is Corruption and Oversight: Insights from Field Experiments. We define corruption, discuss how it relates to democracy, and learn that voting is a tool to fight against it. Corruption is a contingent behavior In a world of multiple equilibriums, the rules of the game differ from place to place, thus it may be rational to engage in corruption in certain contexts. The same individual will behave one way in one setting and another way in another setting. Corruption involves costs for societies at large. The losers are every day, law-abiding citizens. The Watchful Eye and the Cracking Whip Both transparency and punishment are essential. We need to make clear and visible that everyone who participates in corruption is punished because revealing corruption without punishment emboldens bad actors. They feel and seem empowered. Government agencies and oversight non-governmental organizations can effectively work together to satisfy both roles. How citizens can fight corruption We need to be informed, care about curbing corruption, and make our voices heard on the issue. The best way to do so is to vote on Election Day and to use public forums, such as town hall meetings, to confront and engage public officials. Democracy’s promise to solve corruption hinges on the premise that officials are the agents, and citizens are the principals. Find out more: Paul Lagunes is a political science and an Assistant Professor at Columbia University’s School of International and Public Affairs. His work has been widely published, and he is currently working on a book titled Corruption and Oversight: Insights from Field Experiments.