Podcasts about childhood isaac

Background Atopic diseases are a major burden of disease on a global scale. Regarding their aetiology, the early years of life are assumed to play a crucial role. In addition, there is growing evidence that elucidating the impact of cross-generational effects and epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation can substantially widen the scientific knowledge of the occurrence and progression of these diseases. We are thus aiming at following the course of asthma, allergies, and potential risk factors for their occurrence across three generations by establishing a birth cohort in the offspring of an existing population-based cohort. Methods/Design 2051 young adults who have been recruited in 1995 for Phase II of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) and who have subsequently been followed-up by the Study on Occupational Allergy Risks (SOLAR) are asked bi-annually since 2009 if they conceived a child in the meantime. If parenthood is reported, parents are invited to enrol along with their children in the ACROSSOLAR cohort. Participation involves completing a questionnaire assessing general and health-related information about the course of the pregnancy and the first year of life of their children. Subsequently, the children are followed up until primary school age when asthma and allergies can be diagnosed reliably. In addition, DNA for epigenetic analysis will be collected and analysed. Longitudinal data analysis techniques will then be used to assess potential associations between early-life exposures and onset of childhood asthma and allergies taking into account epigenetics. Discussion Birth cohorts are especially suited to elucidate the impact of genetic predisposition, epigenetics, exposures during the first years of life, and gene-environment interactions on the occurrence and progression of asthma and allergies. By building upon an existing cohort, ACROSSOLAR offers a unique and cost-effective opportunity to investigate the aetiology of atopic disease in a prospective and cross-generational way.

Background: In recent years, the prevalence of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema symptoms in childhood has considerably increased in developing countries including Bolivia, possibly due to changes in lifestyle, environmental and domestic factors. This study aimed to assess the association between environmental factors and asthma, rhinoconjuctivitis and eczema symptoms in school-aged children from Oropeza Province in Chuquisaca, Bolivia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in 2340 children attending the fifth grade in 36 randomly selected elementary schools in Oropeza province. The prevalence of symptoms was determined using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. Environmental factors were assessed by the ISAAC environmental questionnaire including questions related to exposure to pets, farm animals, indoor and outdoor pollution, presence of disease vectors at home and precarious household conditions. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were adjusted for age, sex and place of living. Results: Thirty seven percent of children reported that at least one of their parents smoked at home. Wood or coal was used as cooking fuel in 19% of the homes and 29% reported intense truck traffic on the street where they lived. With respect to hygiene conditions, 86% reported exposure to dogs, 59% exposure to cats and 36% regular contact to farm animals. More than one precarious household condition was reported by 8% of children. In the adjusted model exposure to dog (adjusted OR 1.4; CI 95% 1.0-1.9), cat (1.2; 1.0-1.5), farm animals (1.5; 1.2-1.8); intense truck traffic (1.3; 1.0-1.6), parents smoking at home (1.2; 1.0-1.5), presence of disease vectors at home (fourth quartile vs. first quartile: 1.6; 1.2-2.3) and two or more precarious household conditions (1.5; 1.0-2.2) were significantly associated with rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms. The associations were similar for asthma and eczema symptoms; however it did not reach the level of statistical significance for all items. Conclusion: Our results support previous findings reported for poor communities especially in Latin America, showing that lower hygiene conditions did not have protective effect against asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema symptoms.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of ambient particulate matter on variation in childhood prevalence of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema. Methods: Prevalences of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema obtained in Phase One of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) were matched with city-level estimates of residential PM10 obtained from a World Bank model. Associations were investigated using binomial regression adjusting for GNP per capita and for clustering within country. For countries with more than one centre, a two stage meta-analysis was carried out. The results were compared with a meta-analysis of published multi-centre studies. Results: Annual concentrations of PM₁₀ at city level were obtained for 105 ISAAC centres in 51 countries. After controlling for GNP per capita, there was a weak negative association between PM₁₀ and various outcomes. For severe wheeze in 13-14-year-olds, the OR for a 10 μg/m³ increase in PM₁₀ was 0.92 (95 CI 0.84 to 1.00). In 24 countries with more than one centre, most summary estimates for within-country associations were weakly positive. For severe wheeze in 13-14-year-olds, the summary OR for a 10 μg/m³ increase in PM₁₀ was 1.01 (0.92 to 1.10). This result was close to a summary OR of 0.99 (0.91 to 1.06) obtained from published multi-centre studies. Conclusions: Modelled estimates of particulate matter at city level are imprecise and incomplete estimates of personal exposure to ambient air pollutants. Nevertheless, our results together with those of previous multi-centre studies, suggest that urban background PM₁₀ has little or no association with the prevalence of childhood asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis or eczema either within or between countries.

In den letzten Jahrzehnten ist die Prävalenz von Asthma und atopischen Erkrankungen in der Allgemeinbevölkerung stetig gestiegen. Gleichzeitig haben auch beruflich bedingte Allergien und Asthma zugenommen und stehen nach wie vor an der Spitze der angezeigten Berufskrankheiten. Aktuelle Richtlinien raten Jugendlichen mit schwerem oder moderatem Asthma von Berufen mit hohem Asthmarisiko ab. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, in einer prospektiven Kohortenstudie zu untersuchen, inwiefern Jugendliche mit atopischen Erkrankungen bereits eine Selbstselektion hin zu risikoarmen Tätigkeiten vornehmen. Es wurden hierfür die 1995/1996 erstmals im Rahmen der International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) befragten Teilnehmer aus Dresden und München nach sieben Jahren erneut kontaktiert. Die Probanden, die zum ersten Befragungszeitpunkt zwischen 9-11 Jahren alt waren, waren 2002/03 am Übergang zum Berufsleben. Mittels eines validierten Papierfragebogens wurden sie zu Atemwegssymptomen und atopischen Erkrankungen befragt. Zudem sollten sie ihre Berufswünsche nennen. Die Angaben zu den Wunschberufen wurden durch die Anwendung einer Job Exposure Matrix in Zusammenhang mit einer beruflichen Exposition sowie einem Asthmarisiko gebracht. Von den insgesamt 3782 Teilnehmern nannten 58% einen konkreten Berufswunsch. Dabei gaben 28% einen Beruf an, der mit einem hohem Asthmarisiko assoziiert war und 16% einen Beruf mit niedrigem Asthmarisiko. Für die restlichen Probanden war kein Asthmarisiko in den von ihnen angegeben Berufen zu vermuten. Es bestand kein Zusammenhang zwischen aktuellen Symptomen eines Asthmas, einer allergischer Rhinitis oder einer atopischen Dermatitis und der Wahl eines Berufes ohne Asthmarisiko. Vielmehr wählten Teilnehmer mit einer atopischen Dermatitis häufiger Berufe, in denen sie potentiell gegenüber Latex exponiert wären. Eine ausschließliche Betrachtung der Gruppe der Berufsfachschüler unter den Jugendlichen ergab ebenfalls keine statistisch signifikante Assoziation zwischen Asthma, allergischer Rhinitis oder atopischer Dermatitis und der Wahl eines Berufes mit Asthmarisiko. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Studie lassen erkennen, dass Jugendliche bei ihrer Berufwahl atopische Erkrankungen bislang nicht berücksichtigen. Von einer wirksamen Berufsberatung kann somit nicht ausgegangen werden. Eine Ursache hierfür ist möglicherweise auch das Fehlen von evidenzbasierten Empfehlungen, die dem Berufsberater und Pädiater für die Berufswahl atopischer Jugendlicher zur Verfügung stehen.