Podcasts about exomars trace gas orbiter

Sponsor Link:This episode is brought to you with thanks to Squarespace. Bring your stories to life with Squarespace, the easiest way to create an exceptional website, blog, portfolio, or online store. To take up our great offer and help support the show, just visit www.squarespace.com/spacetime or use the Promo Code SPACETIME at checkout.SpaceTime with Stuart Gary Gary - Series 29 Episode 13In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover the hidden violent past of the Milky Way's supermassive black hole, delve into the origins of water on Jupiter's Galilean moons, and explore how meteor impacts are triggering dust avalanches on Mars.The Violent History of Sagittarius AFor years, Sagittarius A, the supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy, has been perceived as a quiet entity. However, new research published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters indicates that it may have experienced dramatic flares in the past. Observations from the CRISM Space Telescope reveal X-ray emissions from a gas cloud near Sagittarius A, suggesting a history of explosive activity that alters our understanding of supermassive black hole evolution and the history of our galaxy.Water Origins of Jupiter's Galilean MoonsA groundbreaking study has determined that the contrasting water content of Jupiter's four large Galilean moons was established during their formation rather than evolving later. This research sheds light on the stark differences between Io, which is dry and volcanically active, and Europa, believed to have a subsurface ocean. The findings suggest that the primordial environment around Jupiter played a crucial role in shaping these moons' compositions.Meteor Impacts Trigger Dust Avalanches on MarsNew evidence indicates that meteor impacts on Mars are causing dust avalanches, creating dark streaks on the planet's surface. An analysis of images from the European Space Agency's ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter reveals that these avalanches occur primarily due to dry processes, driven by seasonal dust and wind activity, rather than water-related phenomena. This discovery enhances our understanding of Martian surface dynamics and the impact of meteor activity.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesAstrophysical Journal LettersNature CommunicationsBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.(00:00:00) Sagittarius A's hidden violent past revealed(00:12:45) Origins of water on Jupiter's Galilean moons(00:25:30) Meteor impacts causing dust avalanches on Mars(00:35:00) February night sky highlights and celestial events.(00:00:00) This is space time series 29, episode 13 for broadcast on 30 January 2026(00:00:47) X ray emissions from the Crism Space Telescope suggest Sagittarius A flared(00:07:59) A new study claims dust avalanches caused by meteor impacts are creating Martian streaks(00:10:22) February is the second month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars(00:12:03) February's Orion meteor showers usually peak around February 8th(00:22:18) Blue supergiant Rigel is the second brightest star in the constellation Orion(00:31:08) Rygel: Sirius is the brightest star in the night sky(00:35:09) February is a great time to look for bright stars in the night sky(00:38:04) The night sky is sparse with the old planets at the moment

From historic medical evacuations to missing galaxies and stunning new images of the Milky Way, today's episode covers the latest breaking news from space exploration and astronomy. Join Anna and Avery as they discuss six fascinating stories from across the cosmos.---## Episode Timestamps**[00:00]** Intro  **[01:15]** Story 1: ISS Medical Evacuation  **[04:45]** Story 2: The Mystery of Missing Tiny Galaxies  **[08:30]** Story 3: NASA's MAVEN Spacecraft in Trouble  **[11:45]** Story 4: Viruses Behave Differently in Microgravity  **[14:30]** Story 5: Two New Exoplanets and Redefining Habitable Zones  **[17:00]** Story 6: Stunning New Radio Image of the Milky Way  **[19:30]** Outro---## Stories Covered### 1. Historic First Medical Evacuation from ISSFour International Space Station crew members successfully completed the first-ever medical evacuation in the ISS's 26-year history, splashing down safely in the Pacific Ocean off San Diego.**Key Points:**- SpaceX Crew-11 returned early after 5 months in space- Crew included US astronauts Mike Fincke and Zena Cardman, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Platonov, and Japanese astronaut Kimiya Yui- Splashdown occurred at 12:41 AM ET on January 15, 2026- Affected crew member remains in stable condition- Three crew members remain aboard ISS to continue operations- Demonstrates importance of medical protocols in long-duration spaceflight**Read More:**- [Phys.org: ISS astronauts splash down on Earth after first-ever medical evacuation](https://phys.org/news/2026-01-iss-astronauts-splash-earth-medical.html)---### 2. The Universe's Missing Tiny GalaxiesNew research using the James Webb Space Telescope suggests there may be far fewer small galaxies in the early universe than predicted by current models, challenging our understanding of cosmic evolution.**Key Points:**- Study led by Xuheng Ma from University of Wisconsin-Madison- Used JWST's UNCOVER program to study galaxies through gravitational lensing- Observed the Epoch of Reionization (12-13 billion years ago)- Discovery of "faint-end suppression" - galaxy numbers drop off at smaller sizes- Suggests intense radiation from early massive stars prevented small galaxies from forming- May require rethinking models of cosmic reionization- Used Abell 2744 galaxy cluster as a natural gravitational lens**Why It Matters:**This finding has major implications for our understanding of how the universe evolved from the "cosmic dark ages" to its current transparent state.**Read More:**- [Space.com: The universe should be packed with tiny galaxies — so where are they?](https://www.space.com/astronomy/galaxies/the-universe-should-be-packed-with-tiny-galaxies-so-where-are-they)- Research paper on arXiv (preprint database)---### 3. NASA Pessimistic About Recovering MAVEN Mars OrbiterNASA officials acknowledge it's "very unlikely" they'll recover the MAVEN spacecraft, which has been silent since December 6, 2025, marking a potential end to a highly productive Mars mission.**Key Points:**- MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution) launched November 2013, entered Mars orbit September 2014- Last communication: December 6, 2025- Telemetry indicates spacecraft is tumbling and orbit may have changed- Solar conjunction (Mars and Earth on opposite sides of Sun) complicated recovery efforts- Attempts to photograph spacecraft with Curiosity rover were unsuccessful- Other orbiters (Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, Mars Odyssey, ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter) can maintain communications relay- Spacecraft studied Mars atmospheric loss and recently observed interstellar object 3I/ATLAS**Mission Legacy:**Despite the likely loss, MAVEN has provided over a decade of groundbreaking data about Mars' upper atmosphere and how solar wind strips away the Martian atmosphere.**Read More:**- [SpaceNews: NASA pessimistic about odds of recovering MAVEN](https://spacenews.com/nasa-pessimistic-about-odds-of-recovering-maven/)- [NASA Science: MAVEN Spacecraft Updates](https://science.nasa.gov/blogs/maven/)---### 4. Space Station Study Reveals Unusual Virus-Bacteria DynamicsUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison researchers discovered that viruses infecting bacteria evolve differently in microgravity, potentially opening new avenues for fighting antibiotic-resistant infections on Earth.**Key Points:**- Study used E. coli bacteria and bacteriophage T7- Parallel experiments conducted on ISS and Earth- Virus infection delayed but not blocked in microgravity- Both viruses and bacteria developed unique mutations in space- Space-evolved viruses showed increased activity against drug-resistant E. coli strains- Findings could lead to improved phage therapy for antibiotic-resistant infections- Published in PLOS Biology journal- Demonstrates ISS value as unique research platform**Scientific Significance:**This research shows how the space environment fundamentally alters evolutionary processes, and how these insights can be applied to solve problems on Earth.**Read More:**- [Space Daily: Space station study reveals unusual virus bacteria dynamics in microgravity](https://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Space_station_study_reveals_unusual_virus_bacteria_dynamics_in_microgravity_999.html)- Research paper: "Microgravity reshapes bacteriophage host coevolution aboard the International Space Station" in PLOS Biology---### 5. Two New Exoplanets Challenge Habitable Zone DefinitionsAstronomers have discovered two exoplanets orbiting red dwarf stars that are prompting scientists to expand the definition of potentially habitable worlds through the concept of "temperate zones."**Key Points:**- Research led by Madison Scott (University of Birmingham) and Georgina Dransfield (University of Oxford)- Introduces "temperate zone" concept: broader than traditional habitable zone- Temperate zone defined by insolation flux range: 0.1 < S/S⊕ < 5 (136-6,805 W/m²)- TOI-6716 b: Earth-sized (0.91-1.05 Earth radii), likely rocky- TOI-7384 b: Sub-Neptune (3.35-3.77 Earth radii), rocky core with thick H/He envelope- Both orbit mid to late-type M dwarfs (red dwarf stars)- Part of TEMPOS survey (Temperate M Dwarf Planets With SPECULOOS)- Good candidates for atmospheric studies with JWST- Paper submitted to Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society**Why Temperate Zones Matter:**As our understanding of habitability evolves, planets in temperate zones may prove more interesting than initially thought, especially for atmospheric characterization studies.**Read More:**- [Universe Today: Two New Exoplanets And The Need For New Habitable Zone Definitions](https://www.universetoday.com/articles/two-new-exoplanets-and-the-need-for-new-habitable-zone-definitions)---### 6. Most Detailed Radio Image of Milky Way Reveals Hidden StructuresAstronomers in Australia have released the most detailed low-frequency radio map of the Milky Way's southern sky, revealing thousands of previously hidden cosmic structures.**Key Points:**- Created by International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR)- Used Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) telescope in Western Australia- Data collected over 141 nights between 2013-2020- Required over 1 million CPU hours to process- GLEAM-X survey: 2x resolution, 10x sensitivity, 2x sky coverage vs. previous efforts- Cataloged over 98,000 radio sources- Shows supernova remnants (red circles) and stellar nurseries (blue regions)- Helps identify hidden supernova remnants and study pulsars- Led by PhD student Silvia Mantovanini (Curtin University)- First complete low-frequency radio image of Southern Galactic Plane**Future Impact:**This image serves as a foundation for the upcoming SKA-Low array, which will provide even more detailed views of the universe when operational.**Read More:**- [Daily Galaxy: New Image of the Milky Way Reveals Massive Hidden Structures](https://dailygalaxy.com/2026/01/new-image-milky-way-massive-structures/)- [ICRAR: GLEAM-X Galactic Plane](https://www.icrar.org/gleam-x-galactic-plane/)---## Key Terms Explained**Habitable Zone:** The range of distances from a star where conditions might allow liquid water to exist on a planet's surface.**Temperate Zone:** A broader classification than habitable zone, encompassing planets that receive moderate levels of stellar radiation.**Insolation Flux:** The amount of solar energy reaching a planet's surface, measured in watts per square meter.**Epoch of Reionization:** A period roughly 12-13 billion years ago when the first stars and galaxies began flooding the universe with ultraviolet light.**Gravitational Lensing:** The bending of light by massive objects due to gravity, which can magnify and brighten distant objects.**Bacteriophage:** A virus that infects and replicates within bacteria.**Solar Conjunction:** When Mars and Earth are on opposite sides of the Sun, disrupting radio communications.**M Dwarf (Red Dwarf):** Small, cool, dim stars that are the most common type of star in the galaxy.**Supernova Remnant:** The expanding cloud of gas and magnetic fields left behind after a star explodes.**Luminosity Function:** A cosmic census tool showing the distribution of galaxies at different brightness levels.---## Resources & Further Reading**Space Agencies:**- [NASA](https://www.nasa.gov)- [European Space Agency (Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-space-news-updates--5648921/support.Sponsor Details:Ensure your online privacy by using NordVPN. To get our special listener deal and save a lot of money, visit www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. You'll be glad you did!Become a supporter of Astronomy Daily by joining our Supporters Club. Commercial free episodes daily are only a click way... Click HereThis episode includes AI-generated content.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the latest discoveries and challenges in space exploration and Earth science.Tracking Interstellar Comet 3I Atlas from MarsThe European Space Agency has successfully monitored interstellar comet 3I Atlas from its ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter, significantly improving the accuracy of its predicted trajectory by a factor of ten. The comet, which travels at speeds of up to 250,000 km/h, was observed from a unique vantage point, allowing astronomers to refine its path through our solar system. This remarkable achievement underscores the importance of multi-location observations in planetary defense efforts.Geomagnetic Superstorm Ganon's Impact on Earth's Plasma SphereA recent study reveals how the geomagnetic superstorm Ganon dramatically compressed Earth's plasmasphere, reducing its size to just a fifth of its normal extent. This event, which occurred in May 2024, provides crucial insights into the effects of extreme space weather on our planet's protective layers. The findings will enhance solar storm forecasts and help safeguard satellites and communication systems during such events.Delays for the Dream Chaser SpaceplaneSierra Space's Dream Chaser spaceplane faces further delays, now expected to launch its first orbital flight in approximately a year. Originally designed for crew transport, the spacecraft is now slated for resupply missions to the International Space Station. Despite setbacks, recent tests have demonstrated its systems' readiness for future operations, although challenges remain as the ISS's operational life nears its end.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesEarth Planets and Space JournalJournal of the American Chemical SocietyNASA ReportsBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.

In this episode of SpaceTime, we uncover the latest findings in Martian meteorology, delve into Earth's ancient tectonic activity, and prepare for humanity's return to the Moon.Raging Winds on Mars: Unveiling Martian Weather PatternsA groundbreaking study published in the journal Science Advances reveals that wind speeds on Mars can reach up to 160 km/h, significantly higher than earlier estimates. Lead author Valentin U.H. Meckel from the University of Bern discusses how these powerful winds, along with dust devils, play a crucial role in shaping Mars' climate and dust distribution. This episode explores how the observations from the European Space Agency's Mars Express and ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter have provided unprecedented insights into Martian atmospheric dynamics, which are essential for planning future manned missions to the Red Planet.Unlocking Earth's Deep Past: New Insights into SubductionIn a surprising twist to our understanding of early Earth, a new study published in Nature Communications suggests that subduction and continental crust formation occurred much earlier than previously believed. Researchers utilized advanced geochemical analysis of ancient olivine crystals to challenge the notion of a stagnant lid tectonic regime during the Hadean eon. This episode discusses the implications of these findings on our understanding of Earth's geological history and the processes that shaped our planet's surface.NASA's Artemis II: Preparing for Lunar ExplorationNASA is set to send astronauts back to the Moon with the Artemis II mission, slated for launch in early 2026. This episode provides an overview of the mission's objectives, including a ten-day crewed flyby of the Moon, which will test the Orion spacecraft and gather crucial scientific data. As the crew prepares to explore the lunar far side, we discuss the significance of this mission for future lunar habitation and potential manned missions to Mars.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com✍️ Episode ReferencesScience Advanceshttps://www.science.org/journal/sciadvNature Communicationshttps://www.nature.com/ncomms/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-your-guide-to-space-astronomy--2458531/support.Raging Winds on Mars: Unveiling Martian Weather PatternsUnlocking Earth's Deep Past: New Insights into SubductionNASA's Artemis II: Preparing for Lunar Exploration(00:00) Wind speeds on Mars and their implications(12:45) New findings on early Earth's tectonic activity(21:15) NASA's Artemis II mission overview(30:00) Science report: Octopus handedness and air pollution effects on sleep apnea

Biggest Supermoon of 2025: Mark your calendars for October 6th at 11:48 PM Eastern Time, as we prepare for the largest supermoon of 2025. This full moon, known as the Harvest Moon, will appear up to 14% larger and 30% brighter than a typical micro moon, offering a stunning celestial display just after sunset.Interstellar Comet 3i Atlas: Excitement is building around the interstellar comet 3i Atlas, the third such object detected in our solar system. The European Space Agency is mobilizing three spacecraft to study its unique trajectory as it approaches the sun, providing a rare opportunity to analyze its composition and understand the building blocks of distant star systems.Mysterious Ozone Surge on Mars: Scientists are investigating a puzzling increase in ozone levels over Mars' north pole during winter months. The ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter has revealed that extreme cold conditions lead to the freezing of water vapor, halting ozone-depleting reactions and allowing ozone concentrations to rise, offering insights into Mars' atmospheric dynamics and water history.Challenging Dark Matter: A new theory proposed by physicist Rajendra Gupta from the University of Ottawa questions the existence of dark matter and dark energy. By suggesting that fundamental constants of nature may change over time, this model could explain cosmic phenomena traditionally attributed to dark matter, prompting a reevaluation of our understanding of the universe.For more cosmic updates, visit our website at astronomydaily.io. Join our community on social media by searching for #AstroDailyPod on Facebook, X, YouTubeMusic, TikTok, and our new Instagram account! Don't forget to subscribe to the podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, iHeartRadio, or wherever you get your podcasts.Thank you for tuning in. This is Anna and Avery signing off. Until next time, keep looking up and exploring the wonders of our universe.✍️ Episode ReferencesSupermoon Details[NASA](https://www.nasa.gov/)Comet 3i Atlas Updates[ESA](https://www.esa.int/)Mars Ozone Research[ExoMars](https://exploration.esa.int/)Dark Matter Theory[University of Ottawa](https://www.uottawa.ca/)Astronomy Daily[Astronomy Daily](http://www.astronomydaily.io/)Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-space-news-updates--5648921/support.Sponsor Details:Ensure your online privacy by using NordVPN. To get our special listener deal and save a lot of money, visit www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. You'll be glad you did!Become a supporter of Astronomy Daily by joining our Supporters Club. Commercial free episodes daily are only a click way... Click Here

Scientists are seeking to find out what is producing the slow release of methane gas on Mars.科学家们正在寻找火星上缓慢释放甲烷气体的原因。Methane often results from biological processes. On Earth, most of the gas comes from living creatures. For this reason, the American space agency NASA has been investigating methane levels on Mars in a search for signs of current or past life. So far, no evidence has been found.甲烷通常来自生物过程。 在地球上，大部分气体来自生物。 出于这个原因，美国宇航局NASA一直在调查火星上的甲烷水平，以寻找当前或过去生命的迹象。 到目前为止，还没有找到任何证据。But a new study is providing fresh details about methane on Mars. NASA's Curiosity explorer, or rover, has repeatedly measured methane levels on the Martian surface. The rover arrived on Mars in 2012 and has been exploring areas around Gale Crater. This area is believed to have contained a lake at one time and has also shown other evidence of flowing water in the past.但一项新研究提供了有关火星甲烷的新细节。 美国宇航局的好奇号探测器或漫游者多次测量了火星表面的甲烷水平。 该火星车于 2012 年抵达火星，一直在探索盖尔陨石坑周围的区域。 据信该地区曾经有一个湖泊，并且过去还显示出其他流水的证据。NASA says Gale Crater is the only place where methane has been discovered. Even a spacecraft sent to collect data on the Martian atmosphere has not identified the presence of methane. That spacecraft, the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter, is operated by the European Space Agency.美国宇航局表示，盖尔陨石坑是唯一发现甲烷的地方。 即使是派去收集火星大气数据的航天器也没有发现甲烷的存在。 该航天器名为 ExoMars 痕量气体轨道飞行器，由欧洲航天局运营。In addition to only being discovered, or detected, around Gale Crater, the observations of methane happen only at night, NASA researchers recently reported. Levels also go up and down during different seasons and at times, rise sharply for short periods.美国宇航局研究人员最近报告说，除了仅在盖尔陨石坑周围发现或探测到甲烷之外，甲烷的观测也只发生在夜间。 水平也会在不同季节上下波动，有时会在短时间内急剧上升。The mysterious methane releases leave scientists considering “a lot of plot twists,” said Curiosity project leader Ashwin Vasavada. But a NASA research group recently proposed a possible explanation for how the gas behaves on Mars.好奇号项目负责人阿什温·瓦萨瓦达 (Ashwin Vasavada) 表示，神秘的甲烷释放让科学家们思考“许多情节曲折”。 但美国宇航局的一个研究小组最近对火星上的气体行为提出了一个可能的解释。The researchers theorize that all detected methane could be trapped, or sealed, underneath hardened pieces of salt in Martian regolith. Regolith describes soil that contains rock and dust that sits on or below the surface.研究人员推测，所有检测到的甲烷都可能被捕获或密封在火星风化层的硬化盐块下面。 风化层描述的是含有岩石和灰尘的土壤，位于地表之上或之下。The scientists say increases in temperature might explain the differences in gas release. During certain seasons or times of day warmer temperatures could weaken the seal on the methane, causing gas to be released.科学家们表示，温度升高可能可以解释气体释放的差异。 在某些季节或一天中的某些时间，气温升高可能会削弱甲烷的密封性，导致气体释放。NASA said the research was led by Alexander Pavlov, a planetary scientist at the agency's Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland. He said small amounts of methane could also be released when the regolith seal is broken by weight from above美国宇航局表示，这项研究是由该机构马里兰州戈达德太空飞行中心的行星科学家亚历山大·巴甫洛夫领导的。 他说，当风化层密封被上方的重量破坏时。

Oleg Korablev is the Head of Department at Space Research Institute, Moscow. He develops science instruments for interplanetary spacecraft. His recent device at ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter has set a very low upper limit on methane, being continuously detected at the surface by the Curiosity rover but discovered a new chemically active species, the hydrogen chloride. FIND OLEG ON SOCIAL MEDIA Linkedin ================================ SUPPORT & CONNECT: Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/denofrich Twitter: https://twitter.com/denofrich Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/denofrich YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/denofrich Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/den_of_rich/ Hashtag: #denofrich © Copyright 2022 Den of Rich. All rights reserved.

Oleg Korablev is the Head of Department at Space Research Institute, Moscow. He develops science instruments for interplanetary spacecraft. His recent device at ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter has set a very low upper limit on methane, being continuously detected at the surface by the Curiosity rover but discovered a new chemically active species, the hydrogen chloride.FIND OLEG ON SOCIAL MEDIALinkedin================================PODCAST INFO:Podcast website: https://www.uhnwidata.com/podcastApple podcast: https://apple.co/3kqOA7QSpotify: https://spoti.fi/2UOtE1AGoogle podcast: https://bit.ly/3jmA7ulSUPPORT & CONNECT:Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/denofrichTwitter: https://twitter.com/denofrichFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/denofrichYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/DenofRich

We bring you an exciting conversation with Dr. Ed Cloutis! He has over 25 years of expertise in Earth and planetary remote sensing. His research focuses on developing new applications of remote sensing to exploring the surface of the Earth and planets in the solar system, both for geology and the search for extraterrestrial life. He is the founder and Director of the University of Winnipeg's Planetary Spectrophotometer Facility, a state-of-the-art lab dedicated to advancing planetary exploration. Cloutis is a member of science teams associated with a number of planetary exploration missions, including the NASA-led Dawn asteroid rendezvous mission, the NASA Mars Science Laboratory (Curiosity) rover, the NASA-CSA OSIRIS-REx asteroid sample return mission, and the European Space Agency's ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter and ExoMars rover. He has over 150 peer-reviewed publications. You can reach out to him with more questions at e.cloutis@uwinnipeg.ca.

Der Mars ist der einzige bekannte Planet, der komplett von Robotern bewohnt ist. Wir haben in den letzten 60 Jahren jede Menge Sonden dorthin geschickt. Das ist öfter schief gegangen als es geklappt hat. Warum? Hört ihr in der neuen Folge der Sternengeschichten.

On savait que les martiens étaient verts de peau, on savait moins que la fine atmosphère de la planète rouge pouvait aussi arborer une belle couleur verte. C'est la sonde ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter qui a détecté pour la première fois cette longueur d'onde caractéristique de l'émission de l'oxygène. Une étude parue dans Nature Astronomy.On savait que les martiens étaient verts de peau, on savait moins que la fine atmosphère de la planète rouge pouvait aussi arborer une belle couleur verte. C'est la sonde ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter qui a détecté pour la première fois cette longueur d'onde caractéristique de l'émission de l'oxygène. Une étude parue dans Nature Astronomy.

According to Hakan Svedhem, the European Space Agency's ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter is a beast of a spacecraft, weighing in at 3.7 tons, but on board, you'll find very sensitive instruments, capable of detecting one molecule of methane out of 10 billion molecules of carbon dioxide in the Martian atmosphere. In addition to these sensitive pieces of technology referred to as spectrometers, you'll find a camera capable of generating 3D landscape images, and an instrument that can detect the presence of water molecules a meter deep in the surface of Mars.   Svedhem is a project scientist on the ExoMars mission and he joins the podcast to discuss a variety of topics, including how cosmic rays aid in the detection and quantification of water molecules, conflicting reports as to whether or not methane has been detected in the Martian atmosphere in the past, and if so, the significance of that finding, global dust storms and temperature fluctuation on Mars, and a bit about the launch of the ESA's Mars rover slated for 2021. Learn more about this and all the other projects going on within the ESA by visiting https://www.esa.int/ESA. 

The horror of the blazing Notre-Dame cathedral in Paris has been slightly quenched by the fact that so much of the French landmark has been saved. But what was it about the structure of the roof, with some the beams dating from the 13th century, that meant it burned like a well-stacked bonfire? Guillermo Rein is Professor of Fire Science at Imperial College London , and he explains to Adam Rutherford how wood burns and how it was the intricate mixture of large and small beams, and very poor fire protection measures that made the iconic roof, so vulnerable. An experiment to see whether isolated dead pig brains could be preserved at the cellular level in order to study post mortem brains, had a surprising outcome. The BrainEx technology of perfusing the brains with chemicals that should have just halted the rapid degradation of cellular structure in the brain, that occurs soon after death, actually caused them to start firing neurons, reacting to drugs and generally behaving as if they were alive. Although, it has to be stressed, there was no whole-brain connectivity or consciousness achieved, it does raise ethical questions about death, if this method was to be developed for use in humans. Bioethicist at Kings College London, Silvia Camporesi explores the facts that reveal that death is a process rather than a single event and what this might mean for patients that are diagnosed as brain dead. Where is the Martian methane? This is the question Mannish Patel at the Open University has been left pondering after the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter came up empty handed in detecting the gas on Mars. Methane could be a signature of past of present life on the Red Planet, it's been measured by NASA's Curiosity rover and by telescopes on Earth, but the far more sensitive and specialised TGO has so far failed to detect the gas. It could be because methane levels in the thin Martian atmosphere is a seasonal event, we'll just have to ait for an entire Martian year of surveys to be able to solve this mystery. Our faces are incredibly important in our lives, we feed through them, they are the conduit for our sensory interaction with the universe, via smell, hearing and vision; we speak, and we convey the subtlest emotions with a raised eyebrow, a wry smile, a clenched jaw or eyes wide open. It is the central importance of these features that has meant we’ve been intensively studying the evolution of the face for decades, to work out why we look the way we do, and how much of our looks reflects adaptations that enhanced our survival, and how much is just down to quirks of evolution. Anatomist, Paul O’Higgins from York University is interested in how all that has influenced our faces. Producer: Fiona Roberts

*One of the most massive black holes ever seen Astronomers have discovered what might be some of the biggest supermassive black holes ever seen. The new findings follow observations of 72 galaxies in some of the known universe’s brightest and most massive galaxy clusters. *ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter completes aerobraking around the red planet Since arriving at Mars in October 2016, the joint European Space Agency and Roscosmos ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter has been aerobraking its way into a tight circular orbit around the Red Planet by using the top of the Martian atmosphere to create drag and slow down. The mission’s main goal is to take a detailed inventory of the atmosphere, sniffing out gases like methane. *March Skywatch We turn our eyes to the skies and check out the celestial sphere for March on Skywatch highlighting Taurus, Aldebaran, Betelgeuse, Orion, Sirius, Gemini, and Regulus.  *The Science Report A new study links problem drinking to early onset dementia. The first reliable blood and urine tests for autism spectrum disorders. The world’s coral reefs could begin to erode within 30 years because of global warming. Scientists confirm there are three rather than two species of Elephant. A skeptic’s guide to water divining. For enhanced Show Notes including photos to accompany this episode, visit: http://www.bitesz.com/spacetimeshownotes Subscribe, rate and review SpaceTime at all good podcasting apps…including Apple Podcasts (formerly iTunes), google podcasts, Stitcher, PocketCasts, Podbean, Radio Public, Tunein Radio, google play, Spreaker, Spotify, Deezer etc Would you prefer to have access to the special commercial free version of SpaceTime? Help support the show, subscribe at Patreon....and share in the rewards. Details at www.patreon.com/spacetimewithstuartgary Help support SpaceTime : The SpaceTime with Stuart Gary merchandise shop. Get your T-Shirts, Coffee Cups, badges, tote bag + more and help support the show. Check out the range: http://www.cafepress.com/spacetime Thank you. Plus: As a part of the SpaceTime family, you can get a free audio book of your choice, plus 30 days free access from audible.com. Just visit www.audibletrial.com/spacetime or click on the banner link at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com Email: SpaceTime@bitesz.com Join our mailing list at http://www.bitesz.com/join-our-mailing-list  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support this show http://supporter.acast.com/spacetime. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

The ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter's primary mission is to hunt down sources of trace gasses in the orbiter and characterize them. Chief among these chemicals is Methane, and when it is isolated on the surface, we're going to want to know what that place looks like. Enter the Colour and Stereo Surface Imagine System, a state of the art instrument that can take stereo images of the surface, allowing us to see Mars in 3D. Nicolas Thomas, Principal Investigator of the instrument, joins us to tell us all about this fascinating device, including its operations, how it targets science and why finding methane is so important. Links The CaSSIS website (University of Bern) YouTube - How the Instrument was built ESA - CaSSIS Overview WeMartians Theme Song is "RetroFuture" by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Mercredi prochain, la sonde européenne ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter et son atterrisseur Schiaparelli vont arriver en orbite martienne, pour un amarsissage dans la foulée.

Stream episodes on demand from www.bitesz.com or www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com (both mobile friendly) *New cosmic map solves one mystery but deepens another The most precise ever map of the large scale structure of the universe has confirmed predictions of Albert Einstein’s general theory of relativity. However, the findings have also deepened a long-standing cosmological mystery about an unexplained so-called cold spot covering a vast sector of the universe. *New world discovered in the outer reaches of the solar system A new world has been discovered in the outer reaches of the solar system some 13.6 billion kilometres from the Sun. The distant frozen world was originally detected in 2014 and has now been confirmed by the International Astronomical Union. *Strange double peanut shaped galaxies discovered Astronomers have discovered weird structures shaped like double peanuts in two nearby galaxies. The discovery reported in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society are thought to provide new clues about the history of these galaxies. *Schiaparelli prepares to land on Mars In less than a week from now the European Space Agency’s ExoMars entry, descent and landing module Schiaparelli will touch down on the frozen arid surface of the red planet. The cone-shaped lander was launched on 14 March attached to ESA’s ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter spacecraft for the seven-month journey to Mars. If you're enjoying SpaceTime, please help out by sharing and telling your friends. The best recommendation I can get is one from you. Thank you... #astronomy #space #technology #science #news Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support this show http://supporter.acast.com/spacetime. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Am 14. März 2016 startete der ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter vom russischen Weltraumbahnhof Baikonur. ExoMars ist die erste Marssonde Europas seit 13 Jahren. Im Sommer 2003 startete die erste Sonde Mars Express - und seitdem ist viel passiert. Heute wird der Rote Planeten von sieben aktiven Sonden bevölkert. Ich habe mich daher zum Start im Europäischen Weltraumkontrollzentrum umgehört: Was genau soll die achte Mission am Mars noch tun? Wie gut läuft die Zusammenarbeit mit der russischen Raumfahrtagentur Roskosmos? Und wie steht es um den zweiten Teil der Mission - den ExoMars Rover, der 2018 starten soll?