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The future of the cease-fire between Israel and Hamas is in doubt after Israel stopped all aid from entering the Gaza Strip. Linda Gradstein reports from Jerusalem.在以色列阻止所有援助进入加沙地带后，以色列和哈马斯之间的停火前景令人怀疑。琳达·格拉德斯坦（Linda Gradstein）在耶路撒冷报道。Israel's announcement that it is blocking humanitarian aid from entering Gaza through its checkpoints has caused fear andpanicbuying in Gaza's markets.以色列宣布阻止人道主义援助通过其检查站进入加沙，这在加沙市场引起了恐慌性购买。The move comes as the Muslim holy month of Ramadan begins, when Muslims fast from dawn to dusk and share festive meals in the evenings.此举正值穆斯林斋月开始之际，穆斯林从黎明到黄昏禁食，晚上共享节日大餐。This year's Ramadan is taking place amid massive destruction caused by 16 months of heavy fighting between Israel and the terrorist-designated Hamas.今年的斋月正值以色列和被指定为恐怖分子的哈马斯之间16个月的激烈战斗造成大规模破坏之际。Hamas seized 250 hostages in an October 7, 2023, terror attack on southern Israel, sparking a war that has left tens of thousands ofPalestinians and more than 1,700 Israelis dead.哈马斯于2023年10月7日在以色列南部发动恐怖袭击，劫持了250名人质，引发了一场战争，造成数万名巴勒斯坦人和1700多名以色列人死亡。So far, 147 hostages have been returned to Israel alive, most in two cease-fire deals with Hamas. Israel has also released some 2,000Palestinianprisoners.到目前为止，已有147名人质活着返回以色列，其中大多数是在与哈马斯达成的两项停火协议中被释放的。以色列还释放了约2000名巴勒斯坦囚犯。Hamas, Arab states, the United Nations and human rights groups have condemned the Israeli blockage of aid shipments, accusing Israel of violating the cease-fire terms.哈马斯、阿拉伯国家、联合国和人权组织谴责以色列封锁援助物资，指责以色列违反停火条款。Linda Gradstein, VOA News, Jerusalem. President Trump said on Monday that 25 percent tariffs on imports from Canada and Mexico will go into effect on Tuesday.美国之音新闻记者琳达·格拉德斯坦在耶路撒冷报道。特朗普总统周一表示，对加拿大和墨西哥进口产品征收25%的关税将于周二生效。Reuters correspondent Jillian Kitchener reports. U.S. stocks plunged after Trump said there was no room left for a deal that would avert the tariffs by halting the flow of fentanyl into the United States.路透社记者吉莉安·基钦纳(Jillian Kitchener)报道。特朗普表示，通过停止芬太尼流入美国，达成协议以避免关税，此后美国股市暴跌。"On the tariffs, is there any room left for Canada and Mexico to make a deal before midnight?"“关于关税，加拿大和墨西哥还有商量的余地在午夜前达成协议吗？”"No room left for Mexico or for Canada. No, the tariffs, you know, they're all set."“墨西哥和加拿大都没有商量的余地。他们都已经确定了。”Mexican President Claudia Scheinbaum on Monday told reporters, quote, "We maintained communication. We have made the agreements and the necessary coordination."墨西哥总统克劳迪娅·辛鲍姆周一告诉记者，“我们保持着沟通。我们已经达成了协议并进行了必要的协调。”But she said the decision to impose tariffs rested with Trump and said Mexico was ready with a plan B, C and D.但她表示，征收关税的决定权在特朗普手中，并表示墨西哥已准备好B、C和D计划。Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau on Sunday told reporters Canada should not be blamed for the amount of fentanyl in the U.S.加拿大总理贾斯廷·特鲁多周日告诉记者，加拿大不应为美国的芬太尼数量负责。"We had about less than one percent when we first started talking about this many months ago. That number is significantly lower than that even now."“几个月前我们刚开始谈论这个问题时，我们的关税还不到1%，比现在要低得多。”Economists say that if Trump imposes 25 percent tariffs, which cover more than $900 billion worth of annual imports from Canada and Mexico, it would deal a serious setback to the highly integrated North American economy. 经济学家表示，如果特朗普征收25%的关税，涵盖每年价值超过9000亿美元的加拿大和墨西哥进口产品，这将对高度一体化的北美经济造成严重挫折。

At one time polio paralyzed hundreds of thousands of children every year.曾经，小儿麻痹症每年都会使数十万儿童瘫痪。In Africa alone, it afflicted 75,000 children annually. That's no longer the case.仅在非洲，每年就有7.5万名儿童受此折磨。现在情况已经不一样了。We have just achieved a major milestone in global polio eradication, with the certification of the African region as well polio virus free.我们刚刚在全球根除小儿麻痹症方面实现了一个重大里程碑，非洲地区被认证为无野生脊髓灰质炎病毒。A vaccine ended polio in the developed world more than 50 years ago.50多年前，一种疫苗结束了发达国家的小儿麻痹症。In 1988, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative decided to end polio in developing countries.1988年，全球根除小儿麻痹症倡议决定在发展中国家消除小儿麻痹症。It's taken a lot of work: countless volunteers, global leadership, local leadership and the backing of many donors.这需要付出大量的努力：无数志愿者、全球领导力、地方领导力以及众多捐助者的支持。But now the wild polio virus exists only in Afghanistan and Pakistan.但是现在小儿麻痹症病毒只存在于阿富汗和巴基斯坦。In both countries, there has been a resurgence of the virus in recent years.近年来，这两个国家的病毒都死灰复燃。In Pakistan, people displaced by violence and conflict have resettled in communities with poor health services and sanitation.在巴基斯坦，因暴力和冲突而流离失所的人们在卫生服务和环境卫生条件较差的社区重新定居。Polio virus is very unforgiving in these communities. You know, they're densely settled. They're, you know, poor sanitation and hygiene.小儿麻痹症病毒在这些社区里非常肆虐。这些地方人口密集，而且卫生条件和个人卫生习惯都很差。The conditions are very favorable for polio virus transmission to thrive, to be really entrenched there.这些条件非常有利于小儿麻痹症病毒传播扩散，使其真正在那里扎根。Jafari says the eradication program is now helping these communities meet more of their health needs like access to clean water.贾法里说，根除小儿麻痹症的倡议现在正在帮助这些社区满足更多的卫生需求，例如获得清洁水源。In Afghanistan, the Taliban doesn't allow mass inoculations or house-to-houseimmunizations.在阿富汗，塔利班不允许大规模接种疫苗或挨家挨户接种。If you don't do house-to-house campaigns, can you perhaps carry outimmunizationcampaigns in smallimmunizationcenters?如果你不进行挨家挨户接种，是否可以在小型免疫中心开展免疫接种活动？Many smallimmunizationcenters in a particular community, so that families don't have to travel very far to have their children immunized.在某个特定社区设立许多小型免疫接种中心，这样家庭就不必长途跋涉带孩子去接种疫苗了。So we're trying to be creative, and looking at ways to move our polio eradication efforts forward in those two remaining endemic countries.我们要发挥创造力，并研究如何推动我们在剩下的两个小儿麻痹症盛行的国家根除小儿麻痹症。Because of the coronavirus pandemic, vaccinators in all countries wear masks and gloves.由于新冠疫情，各国的疫苗接种人员都佩戴口罩和手套。Global polio eradication is close and the milestones are significant, but unless the disease is wiped out in Afghanistan and Pakistan, it could once again circulate globally. [解析]全球根除小儿麻痹症已接近尾声，且取得了重大里程碑进展，但除非该疾病在阿富汗和巴基斯坦被彻底消灭，否则它可能再次在全球范围内传播。

This ad posted to Youtube was part of an unprecedented 200-million-dollar initiative in California by Lyft, Uber and other firms to convince voters that workers who use their apps to find work should be classified as independent contractors, overturning 2019 state legislation that defined them as employees.发布到油管上的这则广告是来福车、优步等公司在加利福尼亚州发起的一项史无前例的2亿美元倡议活动的一部分，旨在说服选民，让他们认为使用其应用程序找工作的劳动者应被归类为独立承包商，从而推翻2019年该州将他们定义为雇员的立法。It's a big win for the companies who are no longer required to cover all their drivers for health care and paid time off.这对公司来说是个巨大的胜利，因为它们不再需要为所有司机提供医疗保险和带薪休假。The companies see their victory as a vote of confidence in their model of a third way of defining work, app-based gigs, and may inspire similar pushes elsewhere.这些公司将自己的胜利视为对其定义工作的第三种模式——基于应用程序的零工模式的信任投票，这或许会激励其他地方采取类似的举措。It's gonna be something that we're going to see affecting more than just California now at this point because other states are looking at a challenge.现在这将会影响到的不只是加州，因为其他州也正面临挑战。And that's including Massachusetts, New York and even New Jersey.包括马萨诸塞州，纽约州甚至新泽西州。Gerace supported the initiative because he said as an independent contractor, the promise of flexibility works for him.Gerace支持这项倡议，因为他表示，作为一名独立承包商，灵活性的承诺对他而言是可行的。I'm not full time, I'm part time, so I go on and off when I choose. It's much more convenient for me that way.我不是全职工作，我是兼职，所以我可以根据自己的选择随时上班或休息。那样对我来说方便多了。But opponents say the company's victory comes at the expense of workers' rights.但反对者说，该公司的胜利是以牺牲工人权利为代价的。This kind of app-based piece work may seem to offer flexibility, but it comes with serious downsides, they say.他们表示，这种基于应用程序的零工工作看似提供了灵活性，但也存在严重的弊端。The gig worker stuff in general, I think, is a problem for labor everywhere because it's making people independent contractors.总的来说，我认为零工经济的问题对各地的劳动力都构成挑战，因为它正在让人们成为独立承包商。You take away right unemployment, you take away workers comp. Anything that you kind of offer protections under the law you're losing those.你取消了正当的失业救济，你取消了工伤赔偿。任何在法律层面提供保障的内容，你都在失去它们。The victory by the app companies like Uber and Lyft may embolden other industries to pursue the third way model for their employees, some labor experts say.一些劳工专家表示，优步和来福车等应用程序公司的胜利可能会鼓励其他行业为其员工推行第三种模式。I think that maybe scarier prospect is just this sort of offers an avenue for lots of other types of companies to follow in step.我认为，或许更令人担忧的前景是，这恰恰为许多其他类型的公司提供了效仿的途径。And I wonder slash worry about instances where like a Walmart decides to say, "Hey, actually our workers are also independent contractors."我不禁会想，也会担心出现这样的情况，比如沃尔玛会宣称：“实际上我们的员工也是独立承包商。”As Uber, Lyft and other app companies look beyond California, the future of work, what it means to have a job may be a concept that is changing. 随着优步、来福车及其他应用程序公司放眼加州以外的地区，工作的未来，以及拥有一份工作意味着什么，可能是一个正在变化的概念。

The sea off the coast of East Greenland used to be covered in ice year-round. Now, as it warms and melts completely in the summer, the waters have opened up to new visitors – some of the world's largest whales and the fish that they feed on.东格陵兰沿岸海域过去全年都被海冰覆盖。现在，随着海水变暖，海冰会在夏季完全融化，这片水域也因此迎来新的 “访客”，包括世界上一些体型最大的鲸类及其捕食的鱼类。The scientists combined aerial surveys, satellite tagging and observations from local Inuit communities to track them. And the change has been dramatic.科学家通过结合航空调查、卫星标签定位以及当地因纽特社区的观测，对这些鲸类展开追踪。而其变化十分显著。Surveys didn't record a single humpback whale sighting in the region until 2006. In 2007, seven humpbacks were seen. And, by 2024, there were 150 sightings of the giant whales from ships. Now, fin whales, humpbacks and minke whales come to East Greenland in their thousands to feed.直到 2006 年，相关调查才首次在该地区记录到座头鲸的目击报告。2007 年，有七头座头鲸被目击。而到了 2024 年，船只目击这种巨型鲸类的记录已达 150 次。如今，成千上万的长须鲸、座头鲸和小须鲸会汇聚到东格陵兰觅食。The researchers say this is a huge climate-driven shift, with some easily adapting, while other Arctic species, including belugas, narwhals and walruses, all of which need the ice to hide from predators or to breed, are being edged out.研究人员表示，这是一次由气候变化驱动的巨大转变。一些物种能够轻松适应，而另一些极地物种，包括白鲸、独角鲸和海象，因需要依赖海冰躲避天敌或繁育后代，正逐渐失去生存空间。

Do you know anyone who is more confident in their own abilities than their actual performance suggests they should be? Perhaps they think they are an incredible singer, but they're actually tone-deaf. Most people believe that they are more intelligent and skilful than the average person, according to a 2020 meta-analysis by Zell and colleagues. Obviously, this cannot be the case. Overconfidence has a cost – it can lead to things like poor financial decisions and dangerous driving. So why do we have such a tendency to overestimate our abilities?你认识的人中是否有人对自己的能力比实际表现更自信？ 也许他们认为自己是一位令人难以置信的歌手，但实际上他们是五音不全的。 根据 Zell 及其同事 2020 年的荟萃分析，大多数人认为自己比普通人更聪明、更有技巧。 显然，事实并非如此。 过度自信是有代价的——它可能导致糟糕的财务决策和危险驾驶等问题。 那么为什么我们会倾向于高估自己的能力呢？Excessive self-belief requires self-deception – believing your own falsehoods. An evolutionary perspective argues that humans evolved self-deception so that we could deceive others more easily. The theory goes that if you believe your own lies about your abilities, you're less likely to display behaviours which will give it away, such as nervousness or hesitation. Deceiving others about your abilities may enable you to open doors, but it is when you have to prove yourself that overconfidence can lead to costly mistakes. For those who have a greater underlying ability, though, overconfidence can be highly beneficial.过度自信需要自我欺骗——相信自己的谎言。 进化论认为，人类进化出自欺欺人的能力，这样我们就可以更容易地欺骗别人。 该理论认为，如果你相信自己对自己能力的谎言，你就不太可能表现出会泄露谎言的行为，例如紧张或犹豫。 欺骗别人你的能力可能会让你打开大门，但当你必须证明自己时，过度自信可能会导致代价高昂的错误。 然而，对于那些具有更强潜在能力的人来说，过度自信可能非常有益。This is what researchers are calling the 'peacock's tail for people'. Peacocks have long and brightly coloured feathers to attract females, but they are extremely burdensome. The feathers are heavy and highly visible to predators, so only the healthiest peacocks can afford to carry such elaborate plumage. In other words, their feathers are a reliable indicator of their suitability for potential mates. Authors of a 2026 study, published in the Psychological Review compare this phenomenon with human overconfidence. They argue that only the most capable people can keep a high self-belief without suffering severe consequences. In other words, overconfidence may actually be a useful signal of ability.这就是研究人员所说的“人类的孔雀尾巴”。 孔雀有长而鲜艳的羽毛来吸引雌性，但它们却极其沉重。 羽毛很重，对捕食者来说非常明显，因此只有最健康的孔雀才能携带如此精致的羽毛。 换句话说，它们的羽毛是它们是否适合潜在配偶的可靠指标。 发表在《心理评论》上的 2026 年研究的作者将这种现象与人类的过度自信进行了比较。 他们认为，只有最有能力的人才能保持高度的自信，而不会遭受严重的后果。 换句话说，过度自信实际上可能是一种有用的能力信号。So, what lessons can be learnt from all this? If you have a high ability in a particular skill, make sure you have the confidence to match it. Ability can bring success, but remember, it is confidence which opens the doors in the first place.那么，我们可以从这一切中吸取什么教训呢？ 如果您在某项特定技能上拥有很高的能力，请确保您有信心与之相匹配。 能力可以带来成功，但请记住，首先打开大门的是信心。

Reuters correspondent Zachary Goelman reports. Pursuing what he has called a, quote "America First" agenda, Trump ordered a 90-day pause on all foreign aid in his first day back in office.路透社记者扎卡里·戈尔曼（Zachary Goelman）报道。特朗普在上任第一天就下令暂停所有外国援助90天，以推行他所谓的“美国优先”议程。That order and ensuing stop-work orders halting U.S. Agency for International Development operations around the world have jeopardized delivery of life-saving food and medical aid, throwing global humanitarian relief efforts into chaos.该命令以及随后的停工令暂停了美国国际开发署在世界各地的业务，危及了救命食品和医疗援助的运送，使全球人道主义救援工作陷入混乱。Aid organizations accused Trump in lawsuits of exceeding his authority under federal law by stepping into an area that's a matter for Congress.援助组织在诉讼中指责特朗普超越了联邦法律赋予的权限，介入了属于国会事务的领域。A Washington-based U.S. district judge last month ordered the administration release approximately $2 billion in funding to contractors and grant recipients.上个月，华盛顿的一名美国地区法官下令政府向承包商和受助人发放约20亿美元的资金。Trump appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court. His solicitor general wrote in a filing that the lower court order should be blocked, saying it would, quote, "unlawfully commandeer federal payment processes."特朗普向美国最高法院提出上诉。他的司法部长在一份文件中写道，下级法院的命令应该被阻止，称这将“非法入侵联邦支付系统”。But Chief Justice John Roberts and fellow conservative Amy Coney Barrett joined the court's three liberal members in rejecting the Trump administration's appeal. Reuters correspondent Zachary Goelman.但首席大法官约翰·罗伯茨和保守派同僚埃米·科尼·巴雷特与法院的三名自由派成员一起驳回了特朗普政府的上诉。路透社记者扎卡里·戈尔曼报道。President Trump is granting a one-month exemption on his stiff new tariffs on imports from Mexico and Canada for U.S. automakers.特朗普总统将给予美国汽车制造商一个月的豁免期，免除其对墨西哥和加拿大进口产品征收的新关税。Worries persist that the newly launched trade war could crush domestic manufacturing.人们仍然担心新近爆发的贸易战可能会摧毁国内制造业。The announcement comes after Trump spoke with leaders of the big three automakers - Ford, General Motors and Stellantis - on Wednesday.特朗普周三与三大汽车制造商福特、通用汽车和斯特兰蒂斯的领导人进行了交谈，随后宣布了这一消息。"So does he expect them to be able to shift production within a month?“那么他是否希望他们能够在一个月内转移生产？He told them that they should get on it, start investing, start moving, shift production here to the United States of America where they will pay no tariff. That's the ultimate goal." 他告诉他们，他们应该开始行动，开始投资，开始行动，将生产转移到美国，这样他们就不用支付关税了。这是最终目标。”

A senior Trump administration official said Thursday that Ukraine was given a fair warning by the White House before U.S. President Donald Trump this week ordered a pause on American military assistance and intelligence sharing with Kyiv.特朗普政府一名高级官员周四表示，在美国总统唐纳德·特朗普本周下令暂停美国与基辅的军事援助和情报共享之前，白宫已经向乌克兰发出了警告。AP correspondent Sagar Meghani reports. A Trump envoy says Ukraine has itself to blame for a pause on American military aid and intelligence sharing. "... they brought it on themselves."美联社记者萨加尔·梅加尼（Sagar Meghani）报道。特朗普特使表示，乌克兰应该为暂停美国军事援助和情报共享负责。“……这是他们自找的。”Keith Kellogg, the president's special envoy to Ukraine and Russia, tells the Council on Foreign Relations Ukrainian leader Volodymyr Zelenskyy was told last week's Oval Office talks would focus on signing a rare earth minerals deal with the U.S.特朗普总统的乌克兰和俄罗斯问题特使基思·凯洛格告诉外交关系委员会，乌克兰领导人泽连斯基上周被告知，椭圆形办公室的会谈将集中在与美国签署稀土矿产协议上。"The best way I can describe it is sort of like hitting a mule with a two-by-four across the nose. You got their attention ..."“我能想到的最好的描述方式，就是有点像用一根两英尺乘四英尺的木头打骡子的鼻子。你引起了他们的注意……”Zelenskyy says he's still willing to sign the minerals deal. Kellogg says he cannot guarantee weapons will again flow to Ukraine even if that happens. Sagar Meghani, Washington.泽连斯基说他仍然愿意签署矿产协议。凯洛格说，即使发生这种情况，他也不能保证武器会再次流向乌克兰。记者萨加尔·梅加尼在华盛顿报道。Top U.S. and British defense officials met Thursday to work on how to best quickly bring an end to the fighting between Russia and Ukraine.美国和英国高级国防官员周四举行会晤，商讨如何尽快结束俄罗斯和乌克兰之间的战斗。VOA national security correspondent Jeff Seldin has more from the Pentagon.美国之音国家安全通讯员杰夫·塞尔丁（Jeff Seldin）将为您带来五角大楼的更多报道。British Defense Secretary John Healy: "He challenged us to step up on Ukraine, on defense spending, on European security, and I say to you that we have, we are, and we will further."英国国防部长约翰·希利表示：“他要求我们在乌克兰问题、国防开支和欧洲安全问题上加大力度，我要告诉你们，我们已经做到了，我们正在加大力度，而且我们还会更进一步。”On potential peace talks between Ukraine and Russia, Healy said Britain believes Kyiv is ready to make the most of a, quote, "unique opportunity."关于乌克兰和俄罗斯之间可能展开的和平谈判，希利表示，英国认为基辅已准备好充分利用这一“独特机会”。But as for whether the U.S. has seen enough to resume intelligence sharing with Ukraine, the U.S. defense secretary said that's up to President Trump. [解析]但至于美国是否已经看到足够多的东西来恢复与乌克兰的情报共享，美国国防部长表示，这取决于特朗普总统。

Ryan Coogler's 2018 superhero film Black Panther about a powerful African kingdom and its king was one of the highest grossing films of all time raking in 1.3 billion dollars internationally.瑞恩·库格勒2018年执导的超级英雄电影《黑豹》，讲述了一个强大的非洲王国及其国王的故事，是史上票房最高的电影之一，全球票房收入达13亿美元。The mega blockbuster with a predominantly black cast has prompted Hollywood to flood money on more black productions and TV series than ever before.这部以黑人演员为主的超级大片，促使好莱坞投入比以往更多的资金来制作更多黑人题材的影视剧。That woke everybody up and said, "Wow, there's money here".这把所有人都惊着了，说道：“哇，这里有钱可赚”。And suddenly, all of the black film makers who had ideas and passion and vision, suddenly now they had money, so they could actually make the movies that they wanted to make.突然之间，所有那些怀揣创意、激情与远见的黑人电影制作人有了资金，这样他们就能制作出自己想拍的电影了。Over the course of probably the last 10 years, we've seen a renaissance in black storytelling, like we haven't seen probably in the first, I don't know, 90 years of storytelling in our community.在过去的十年里，我们见证了黑人叙事的复兴，这可能是我们这个群体在最初90年的叙事历程中未曾有过的景象。Critically acclaimed black films such as Barry Jenkins's Oscar-winning drama Moonlight or Ava DuVernay's documentary 13th, have illuminated black life and offered cultural affirmation to black audiences, says Berardinelli.贝拉迪内利表示，巴里·詹金斯执导的奥斯卡获奖剧情片《月光男孩》或艾娃·杜威纳执导的纪录片《第十三修正案》等广受好评的黑人题材电影，展现了黑人的生活，并为黑人观众提供了文化认同。A group of people who for so long did not see themselves reflected on screen now suddenly see themselves reflected on screen.一群长期以来在银幕上看不到自己身影的人，如今突然在银幕上看到了自己。And you know, in the superhero movies, now you have your Black Panther of course, but you also now have the new Captain America is black Anthony Maxwell.在超级英雄电影里，当然现在有了《黑豹》，而且现在新的美国队长也是黑人安东尼·麦克斯韦。Berardinelli says as they enter the American mainstream, black films are attracting a wider demographic because the multiculturalism of the younger generation is much more varied than it is for the older generation.贝拉迪内利表示，随着黑人电影进入美国主流，它们正吸引着更广泛的观众群体，因为年轻一代的多元文化比老一代更加丰富多样。Black women directors are also gaining support. Gordon says this year 15 films are directed by black women alone.黑人女导演也正在获得支持。戈登表示，今年有15部电影是由黑人女性独立执导的。One of them is Beyonce, who wrote, directed and produced the visual album Black Is King.其中一位是碧昂丝，她自编自导并制作了视觉专辑《黑人为王》。The fusion of kind of like a Lion King theme mixed in with a Black Panther theme, I thought hits you squarely in the pride aspect.有点像《狮子王》主题和《黑豹》主题的融合，我觉得这在自豪感方面正中你的心坎。As for criticisms leveled against Beyonce, that she misappropriated elements of African culture into her African-American production.至于针对碧昂丝的批评，即她在非裔美国人作品中挪用了非洲文化元素。It's hard to criticize a black person who is paying homage to her ancestors who are African in nature.很难批评一个向自己非洲祖先致敬的黑人。So it wasn't even like she brought a bunch of Americans in to pretend to be from Mali, or to pretend to be from Ghana, or to pretend to be from South Africa.她甚至没有带一群美国人进来，假装他们来自马里，或者假装他们来自加纳，或者假装他们来自南非。She used South Africans, she used folks from Mali, she used folks from Ghana, she used folks from the continent.她启用了南非人，启用了来自马里的人，启用了来自加纳的人，启用了来自非洲大陆的人。Gordon hopes to see more black films and black lead characters across all genres for all audiences.戈登希望看到更多面向所有观众、涵盖所有类型的黑人电影和黑人主角。True equality is when you are able to tell all these different stories, and they are no longer looked at as niche films.真正的平等是当你能够讲述所有这些不同的故事，它们也不再被视为小众电影。They're just a part of the fabric of what makes America great.它们只是让美国变得伟大的组成部分。

In the very heart of Manhattan, in the formerly hectic Times Square, New York city gave the best spot in town to plastic.在曼哈顿的正中心，在昔日熙熙攘攘的时代广场，纽约市将城中最优越的位置让给了塑料。There's tens of thousands of disposable plastic items in the grocery store that I spent a couple years collecting from various trash cans around New York city.杂货店有成千上万件一次性塑料制品，这些是我花了几年时间从纽约市各处的垃圾桶里收集来的。Every item in this pop-up grocery store installation is made of plastic bags.这家快闪杂货店装置中的每一件物品都是用塑料袋制成的。This one took a while, but it was very fun to like figure out how to do all the like little, like frosting effects all the way around. You can touch it, yeah, for sure.这一件花了不少时间，但琢磨出如何做出那些小小的、像糖霜一样的装饰效果，整个过程非常有趣。你可以摸摸它。Turning something no one else wants into art is a time-honored tradition.将无人想要的东西变成艺术是一项历史悠久的传统。So designer and artist Robin Frohardt chose to work with one thing New York city has been trying to get rid of since march.设计师兼艺术家罗宾·弗罗哈特选择使用纽约市自三月以来一直试图清除的一种东西进行创作。The city was said to impose a plastic bag ban in March 2020, but the pandemic slowed things down.据说该市原定于2020年3月实施禁塑令，但疫情减缓了事情的发展。Before the plastic bag ban, New Yorkers were using over 20 billion plastic bags a year.在禁塑令之前，纽约人每年使用超过两百亿个塑料袋。85 percent of those bags ended up in city dumping grounds and in the ocean.那些袋子中有85%最终被扔到了城市垃圾场和海洋里。New York is a very large city that produces a lot of waste and anything, that we can do to reduce that would be a good thing.纽约是一个非常大的城市，会产生大量垃圾，我们能做的任何减少垃圾的事情都是有益的。I bring my own bag only when I remember, other than that, it's hard to.我只有在记得的时候才会自带购物袋，除此之外，很难做到。But while the rest of the city is getting rid of its bags, the plastic store is one place in New York city where plastic bags are indispensable. 但在纽约市其他地方都在逐步淘汰塑料袋时，这家塑料制品店却是塑料袋不可或缺的地方。

Beloved by generations of visitors and steeped in history, Margam Park was already known to have an Iron Age hill fort, the remains of a Norman abbey and a Victorian castle, which looks out today over Port Talbot steelworks. Now, though, it can add a Roman villa to that list.马格姆公园深受几代访客喜爱，且历史底蕴深厚。这里原本就因拥有一座铁器时代的山丘堡垒、一处诺曼时期修道院遗址，以及一座俯瞰塔尔博特港钢铁厂的维多利亚时期的城堡而闻名。而现在，公园的古迹名单上又多了一座罗马别墅遗址。Sophisticated scanning devices were used to look for archaeological features hidden underground, and the Swansea University-led team struck gold.由斯旺西大学领衔的团队利用先进的扫描设备寻找埋藏在地下的考古遗迹，并取得了这一重大发现。The villa itself has multiple rooms, a substantial side building, and it sits within a defensive enclosure. The experts hope to findmosaicfloors and other precious artefacts, and say their discovery is of a scale and level of preservation unmatched in Wales so far.这座别墅拥有多个房间、一座规模颇大的附属建筑，并坐落于一处设有防御设施的围合区域内。专家希望在此发现马赛克地面和其它珍贵文物，并表示，无论是遗址规模还是保存状况，此次发现在威尔士都堪称首屈一指。

Rollercoasters have been making stomachs flip for centuries. The earliest versions appeared in 17th-century Russia, where brave riders slid down giant ice-covered ramps. Modern steel rollercoasters transformed theme parks into thrill-seeking playgrounds. Today, they're bigger, faster and taller than ever. Millions of people queue for hours just to experience a few minutes of screaming, laughing and that heart-racing drop. But if you're anything like me, there comes a point when those rides stop feeling exciting and start feeling... slightly regrettable.几个世纪以来，过山车一直让人胃部翻腾。 最早的版本出现在 17 世纪的俄罗斯，勇敢的骑手从巨大的冰雪坡道上滑下。 现代钢制过山车将主题公园变成了寻求刺激的游乐场。 如今，它们比以往任何时候都更大、更快、更高。 数百万人排队几个小时，只是为了体验几分钟的尖叫、大笑和心跳加速的感觉。 但如果你和我一样，那么到了某个时刻，这些游乐设施就会不再让你感到兴奋，而是开始感到……有点遗憾。As children, rollercoasters seem almost impossible to resist. Part of the appeal is that contrasting mix of fear and excitement. According to BBC Science Focus, rollercoasters trigger the body's fight-or-flight response, releasing adrenaline, dopamine and endorphins that make the experience feel exciting and rewarding. Our brains quickly learn to associate that rush with fun, which is why so many children can't wait to jump back in the queue. The sense of achievement doesn't hurt either – finally being tall enough to ride the biggest coaster feels like a rite of passage, making us feel braver and probably way cooler at the time.作为孩子，过山车似乎几乎无法抗拒。 恐惧与兴奋的鲜明对比是其吸引力的一部分。 据 BBC Science Focus 报道，过山车会引发身体的战斗或逃跑反应，释放肾上腺素、多巴胺和内啡肽，让体验感到兴奋和有益。 我们的大脑很快就会学会将这种匆忙与乐趣联系起来，这就是为什么这么多孩子迫不及待地想重新加入队列。 成就感也不会有什么坏处——终于长到足够高，可以乘坐最大的过山车，感觉就像是一种成人仪式，让我们感觉更勇敢，而且当时可能会更酷。So why does that love affair often fade with age? Unfortunately, our bodies change. WanderWisdom explains that changes in the inner ear as we get older can make us more sensitive to motion, meaning rollercoasters that once felt thrilling may now leave us feeling dizzy or nauseous. Motion sickness happens when the brain receives conflicting signals from the eyes and inner ear, leading to dizziness, nausea and that feeling of churning in your tummy. Add stiffer joints, sore necks and a stronger awareness of risk, and it's hardly surprising that the rides we once begged to go on can suddenly feel more exhausting than exhilarating.那么，为什么这段恋情常常会随着年龄的增长而消失呢？ 不幸的是，我们的身体会发生变化。 WanderWisdom 解释说，随着年龄的增长，内耳的变化会让我们对运动更加敏感，这意味着曾经令人兴奋的过山车现在可能会让我们感到头晕或恶心。 当大脑从眼睛和内耳接收到相互矛盾的信号时，就会发生晕动病，导致头晕、恶心和胃部翻腾的感觉。 再加上关节僵硬、脖子酸痛和风险意识增强，我们曾经恳求去参加的游乐设施突然变得更加疲惫，而不是令人兴奋，这也就不足为奇了。The good news is that you don't have to completely give up coasters. Dramamine recommends staying hydrated, avoiding heavy meals before riding and looking towards the horizon instead of down at the tracks. Choosing a seat towards the middle can also make the ride feel less intense. These simple changes may reduce motion sickness and help you to rediscover the fun of laughing and screaming along the way without feeling the need to hurl or pass out as often!好消息是您不必完全放弃杯垫。 茶苯海明建议保持水分充足，骑行前避免暴饮暴食，并朝地平线而不是向下看轨道。 选择靠近中间的座位也可以让乘坐感觉不那么紧张。 这些简单的改变可以减少晕动病，并帮助您重新发现沿途大笑和尖叫的乐趣，而无需经常摔倒或昏倒！

In 2014, California's King Fire blackened 400 square kilometers of forest, massive erosion followed.2014年，加州国王大火烧毁了400平方公里的森林， 随后发生了大规模的水土流失。One of Placer County's two reservoirs filled with sediment and had to be dredged, says county water chief Andy Fecko.普莱瑟县主管安迪·费科表示，该县两座水库中有一座因泥沙淤积而不得不进行疏浚。Every time we do that, it's a five to seven million dollar cost that you incur.每次我们进行疏浚，都要花费500万到700万美元。And you're out of business during the whole time when you're trying to clear those facilities out. And so we incurred those costs several years in a row.当你试图清理那些设施时，你一直处于停业状态。我们连续几年支付了这些费用。And he worried about the county's other reservoir, French Meadows, just a few kilometers away.他还担心几公里外的另一座水库——法国草地水库。So it was one of these watersheds that was very much under threat of a high-intensity wildfire.正是这些流域之一受到了一场高强度野火的威胁。These devastating wildfires are on the rise in the west, experts say, as climate change dries out the forests.专家表示，随着气候变化导致森林变得干燥，这些毁灭性的野火在西部地区正日益增多。And a century of misguided management has left them overgrown and extra flammable.一个世纪的错误管理让它们杂草丛生，变得格外易燃。Across the west, the unintended consequences threaten reservoirs and their drinking water and hydropower, says Angel Hertslet of the Nature Conservancy.大自然保护协会的安吉尔·赫茨勒特表示，在西部各地，这些意外后果正威胁着水库及其饮用水供应和水力发电。There's a growing understanding from water utilities in particular that their water quality, their water quantity is very much impacted by what's happening in the headwaters.特别是自来水公司越来越认识到，他们的水质和水量在很大程度上受到水源地情况的影响。Thinning out the forest lowers the fire risk. The forest around the French Meadows Reservoir belongs to the US Forest Service.疏伐森林可降低火灾风险。法国草地水库周边的森林归美国林务局所有。But the agency has millions of hectares across the west that need thinning, says district ranger Michael Woodbridge.地区护林员迈克尔·伍德布里奇说，该机构在西部有上百万公顷的土地需要进行疏伐。We're always doing as much as we can with the capacity we have, but French Meadows is kind of above and beyond what that capacity would have been.我们一直在用现有的能力尽力而为，但法国草地水库的情况有点超出了我们现有能力的范畴。So an unusual partnership formed. The water agency, the Nature Conservancy, state and local governments and others all pitched in to do the planning, raise the money and get the work done.一种不同寻常的合作关系形成了。水务局、大自然保护协会、州政府和地方政府以及其他各方都纷纷参与进行规划、筹集资金并完成工作。And we said fantastic if you guys can do that with us, then we can get this work done in this area.我们说，如果你们能和我们一起做那件事，那我们就可以在这个领域完成这项工作。The partners say they're going faster and doing more than any group could have done on its own.合作伙伴们表示，他们比任何独立团队都行动得更快、做得更多。But it will still take years with millions of hectares across the west at risk of fire and climate change turning up the heat.但这仍需要数年时间，因为西部数百万公顷的土地面临火灾风险，而且气候变化还在加剧高温。Water agency manager Fecko says Placer County's reservoirs are a cautionary tale.水务机构经理费科表示，普莱瑟县的各水库是一个警示案例。I want them to learn from our experience and start taking really aggressive steps in managing their own watersheds.我希望他们能从我们的经验中学习，并开始采取非常积极的措施来管理他们自己的流域。So they don't end up in the same boat that we're in currently. 这样他们就不会落得和我们现在一样的境地。

It's what they do when they don't want something to happen, filibuster, an effort to prevent a vote in the USSenateby extending debate.这就是他们不想让某事发生时会采取的手段——冗长辩论，这是一种通过延长辩论来阻止美国参议院投票表决的做法。TheSenateprides itself on being a deliberative body where debate is vital to decision making.参议院以自己是一个审议机构而自豪，在那里辩论对决策至关重要。Senaterules allow debate on a measure to continue until three-fifths--60 out of the 100 senators--vote to end it.参议院规则允许对一项议案进行辩论，直到五分之三（即100名参议员中的60名）投票决定终止辩论为止。At one time, a two-thirds vote was needed, butSenaterules changed in 1975.曾经需要三分之二的多数票，但参议院规则在1975年进行了修改。So when asenatoror group of senators want to block something, they take the floor and keep talking.当某位参议员或一群参议员想要阻止某项议案时，他们就会持续发言。In recent decades, the mere threat of a filibuster has been enough to halt action on almost any bill that lacks the support of 60 senators.近几十年来，仅凭冗长辩论的威胁就足以阻止任何缺乏60名参议员支持的法案推进。But the use of the filibuster was ended for approval of judicial appointments in 2013 and for Supreme Court approvals in 2017.但是，冗长辩论在2013年终止适用于司法任命的批准，并在2017年终止适用于最高法院的批准。The term filibuster is derived from a Dutch word for "pirate".“filibuster”一词源自荷兰语中意为“海盗”的单词。The record for the longest filibuster is held bySenatorStrom Thurmond of South Carolina, who spoke for 24 hours and 18 minutes inoppositionof the Civil Rights Act of 1957. 最长的冗长辩论记录由南卡罗来纳州参议员斯特罗姆·瑟蒙德保持，为反对1957年《民权法案》连续演讲了24小时18分钟。

A moment that is filled with both happiness and worry for future parents.对准父母来说，这是一个既充满幸福又夹杂着担忧的时刻。It's like we're having a baby. Social networks are filled with such videos.我们要迎来一个新生命了。社交网络中充斥着这样的视频。However, it's pretty hard to find stories from the other end of the spectrum: families talking about miscarriages.然而，要找到另一个极端的故事却相当困难，即那些谈论流产经历的家庭故事。Heather Hodnicki and her husband Joe, parents of a one-year-old boy, recorded this video when doctors told them Heather's second pregnancy is unlikely to be viable.Heather Hodnicki和她的丈夫Joe有一个一岁大的男孩，当医生告诉他们Heather的第二次怀孕不太可能成功时，他们录下了这段视频。A hematoma formed around the fetus, and at nine weeks Heather had a miscarriage.胎儿周围形成了血肿，到第九周时，Heather流产了。Instead of closing up, she started a blog on Instagram, where she shares her difficult experience.她没有封闭自己，而是在照片墙上开了一个博客，分享自己的艰难经历。It was a loss of a little life, and then I would relate to it. As you know it was a little soul that was with me, and I saw a heartbeat on the monitor, and then that little soul was gone.我失去了一个小生命，我对此感同身受。如你所知，那是一个曾陪伴着我的小灵魂，我在监视器上看到了心跳，接着那个小灵魂就消逝了。So talking to other women took the taboo. I mean, I know it's something that's very taboo to talk about.和其他女性谈论这个话题就成了禁忌，我知道这是一个禁忌话题，But in doing so, it made it easier for me to process the fact that it is a loss, and I am allowed to feel the emotions that I'm feeling.但这样做让我更容易接受失去的事实，而且我也被允许去感受自己当下的情绪。Out of every hundred pregnancies, about 10 to 15 end in miscarriages and a lot of women blame themselves.每100次怀孕中，大约有10到15次会以流产告终，许多女性会自责。Doctors say a miscarriage before the end of the first trimester usually means the embryo had chromosomal abnormalities.医生表示，在妊娠前三个月内发生的流产通常意味着胚胎有染色体异常。We've just gonna present next month a study on 55,000 patients that had miscarriages, and they had genetic testing on the miscarriage.我们将在下个月发布一项关于55,000名流产患者的研究，并对流产组织进行了基因检测。56 percent of the pregnancies that were lost were genetically abnormal.在流产的孕妇中，有56%是基因异常。Doctors say age plays a critical role. If a woman is in her 30s and has one or even two miscarriages, there can be a reason that is structural.医生说年龄起着至关重要的作用。如果一个30多岁的女人流产了一次甚至两次，可能有一个结构性的原因。In other words, like a fibroid, or can be immunological or homological, that could be a clotting disorder or an antibody, could be an infection, so there could be something that is really treatable.换句话说，可能像纤维瘤一样，可能是免疫问题，也可能是同源的，可能是凝血障碍或者抗体问题，也可能是感染，有些病症是可以治愈的。If a woman's in her 40s, then recurrent miscarriages are usually due to the eggs not being healthy, because when a woman's in her 40s, almost 90 percent of the eggs exit chromosomally abnormal.如果一个女人40多岁，反复流产通常是由于卵子不健康，因为当女性到了40多岁时，近90%的卵子会出现染色体异常。Doctors say that most women who have experienced a miscarriage will in time give birth to healthy babies, most of them without any special treatment.医生们表示，大多数经历过流产的女性最终都会生下健康的宝宝，其中大部分无需任何特殊治疗。I had a patient years ago. She came in and she was in her early 30s. She had 27 miscarriages and I said first I didn't believe her.几年前我有个病人。她来就诊时，大约三十岁出头。她经历过27次流产，起初我不相信她。I got all her records, went through them. They all had been documented.我拿到了她所有的记录，仔细查看了一番。所有记录都已存档。She had had most of the tests done and we completed the tests, and really in her case there were a few little things that were off but nothing major.她已完成大部分检查，我们完成了剩余检查，就她的情况而言，确实有几个小指标异常，但并无大碍。And after I got all her information, I said, "Can I ask you a question?" I asked her.等我了解到她所有的信息后 ，我问她：“我能问你个问题吗？”I said, "I've been seeing patients with miscarriages for many many years.我说：“多年来，我一直在接诊流产患者。I don't even, I can't even imagine how you can think about trying to have another pregnancy after having 27 pregnancies and 27 miscarriages."我简直无法想象，在经历了27次怀孕和27次流产之后，你怎么还会想着再去尝试怀孕。”And she said, "Dr Kutteh, I just know that. I'm gonna have a baby."她说：“库特医生，我就是知道。我会怀上孩子的。”And I said, "Well, as long as you're willing to still have hope and continue trying that, I'm willing to do everything that I can to help you."我说：“只要你愿意仍然抱有希望并继续努力，我愿意尽我所能帮助你。”And she eventually, with her next pregnancy, did have a pregnancy.最终，她再次怀孕时，确实成功受孕了。Three months ago, Heather gave birth to a healthy baby girl.三个月前Heather生了一个健康的女孩。Like many other women who have gone through a miscarriage experience, she calls her daughter a rainbow child, and baby Willow unknowingly helps her mom heal very fast.和其他许多有过流产经历的女性一样，她称自己的女儿为“彩虹宝宝” ，而小薇洛在不知不觉中帮助妈妈很快地治愈了心灵创伤。It's always emotional thinking about that baby that we lost.一想到我们失去的那个孩子，总是让人感慨万千。The best advice that I can give to women who are going through something similar is to reach out to your friends, reach out to your family, possibly reach out to your doctors, to see if they can give you any advice on who to turn to, who to talk to.我能给有类似经历的女性的最好建议是：向你的朋友求助，向你的家人求助，也可以向你的医生咨询，看看他们能否给你一些建议，告诉你该向谁求助、该和谁倾诉。Definitely, you know, talking it out with anybody I find helps.当然，我觉得和任何人把事情说出来都有帮助。

Researchers from universities in Edinburgh and Mexico spent seven years studying the behaviour of black-handed spider monkeys in the Yucatan Peninsula. They observed that the large groups the primates live in split into smaller subgroups when searching for food. Different combinations of monkeys would split off each time, meaning the same subgroup might never forage together twice.来自爱丁堡和墨西哥多所大学的研究人员花了七年时间研究尤卡坦半岛上黑掌蜘蛛猴的行为。他们观察到，这类灵长目动物群居的大群体会在寻找食物时分成一个个小分队。每次分出来的小分队成员都不同，这意味着几乎不会出现原班人马第二次一起觅食的情况。Dr Matthew Silk from the University of Edinburgh says these groups are a clever way of sharing knowledge about the locations of the best fruit trees. Some parts of the forest were known by many monkeys, like a town's favourite restaurant, while others were known by just one or two, like a hidden gem.爱丁堡大学的马修·西尔克博士称，这种分组方式很聪明，可以有效地分享最好吃的果树位置。森林里的某些地方就像城里最受欢迎的餐厅，很多猴子都知道；而有些地方则像一个鲜为人知的 “宝藏小店”，只有一两只猴子了解。

Less than a centimetre in size, these tiny snails had been pushed to thebrinkof extinction.这些体长不足一厘米的小型蜗牛一度濒临灭绝。Their home on the Madeira Archipelago had been grazed bare by invasive goats and rabbits, while mice saw the molluscs as a water source.它们在马德拉群岛上的栖息地被入侵的山羊和兔子啃食殆尽，而老鼠则将这些软体动物当作水分的来源。But after conservation work, including a breeding programme at Chester Zoo, hundreds of the snails have now been returned to the wild. The team said they had one shot to save the species.不过，在实施了一系列动物保护措施后，包括切斯特动物园的一个繁育项目，数百只蜗牛如今已经被重新放归野外。研究团队表示，他们只有这一次机会来拯救这一物种。The mission involved transporting them in the dark to snail-friendly crevices in the rocks. It's hoped they come out of their shell to restore soil and boost the natural habitat.此次行动包括在夜间将这些蜗牛转移到适宜生存的岩石缝中。人们希望它们能从壳中爬出、重新活跃起来，从而帮助恢复土壤环境，促进当地生态栖息地的恢复。

We have four seasons in the UK. I like to think that spring gets its name from the flowers springing up to bloom. Next is my personal favourite – summer. I love the long, balmy evenings. Autumn, as some call fall, comes after. It's characterised by the orange and red leaves. Winter rolls around, and most of the vegetation is either decomposing or already dead, and the days are short and gloomy.英国有四个季节。 我喜欢认为春天因花朵绽放而得名。 接下来是我个人最喜欢的——夏天。 我喜欢漫长而温暖的夜晚。 秋天，有些人称之为秋天，随之而来。 它的特点是橙色和红色的叶子。 冬季来临，大部分植被要么腐烂，要么已经死亡，白天短而阴沉。It's no wonder that, according to the Royal College of Psychiatrists, about three in every hundred people in the UK experience seasonal affective disorder, otherwise known as SAD. However, researchers at the Royal College of Psychiatrists have discovered that all seasons have an impact on our psychological functioning. It's also been found that hormones play an important role in seasonal mood changes as they fluctuate throughout the year.根据皇家精神病学家学院的数据，英国每 100 人中约有 3 人患有季节性情感障碍（也称为 SAD），这也就不足为奇了。 然而，皇家精神病学院的研究人员发现，所有季节都会对我们的心理功能产生影响。 研究还发现，荷尔蒙在季节性情绪变化中发挥着重要作用，因为它们在一年中都有波动。An article published on Springer Nature Link observes positive emotional and physical changes to volunteers who were exposed to UVA from the Sun. Serotonin, known as 'the happy hormone', and dopamine, which is linked to motivation and pleasure, increases in months where there is a boost of sunlight. Similarly, lovers of spring recalibrate their energy and mood. After the cold, dark seasons of autumn and winter, it can feel like a biological reset.Springer Nature Link 上发表的一篇文章观察到暴露于太阳 UVA 的志愿者在情绪和身体上发生了积极的变化。 被称为“快乐荷尔蒙”的血清素和与动力和快乐有关的多巴胺在阳光充足的月份会增加。 同样，春天的爱好者也会重新调整他们的能量和情绪。 在寒冷、黑暗的秋冬季节过后，感觉就像是生物重置。Speaking of cold and dark, this is when those with naturally higher serotonin levels feel their mood regulating. They no longer feel overwhelmed by the high-level serotonin seasons of spring and summer. Reduced sunlight triggers higher melatonin, the sleepy hormone. There is the notion of preparing to slow down and get cosy, like that of animals in hibernation. It also rains more in autumn and winter. The Mind Company says that rain sounds reduce cortisol, the stress hormone, and helps you relax, focus and even sleep better.说到寒冷和黑暗，这是那些天生血清素水平较高的人感受到情绪调节的时候。 他们不再因春季和夏季血清素水平高的季节而感到不知所措。 阳光减少会引发更高的褪黑激素（一种嗜睡激素）。 有一个概念是准备放慢脚步并变得舒适，就像冬眠的动物一样。 秋季和冬季雨水也较多。 The Mind Company 表示，雨声可以减少皮质醇（压力荷尔蒙），帮助您放松、集中注意力，甚至睡得更好。We might like one season more than others. Our experience of seasons differs depending on location and environment. But one thing is for sure – our feelings change from season to season, and recognising these changes can help us act in ways that are in-line with our mental, emotional and physical capabilities.我们可能比其他季节更喜欢某个季节。 我们对季节的体验因地点和环境而异。 但有一件事是肯定的——我们的感受随着季节的变化而变化，认识到这些变化可以帮助我们以符合我们心理、情感和身体能力的方式行事。

Doctors said Pope Francis is no longer in imminent danger of death as a result of pneumonia, but have decided to keep him hospitalized for several more days to receive treatment.医生表示，教皇方济各不再因肺炎而面临死亡危险，但决定让他住院几天接受治疗。Francis on Monday followed the Vatican's week-long spiritual retreat via video conference. AP correspondent Charles De Ledesma reports.周一，方济各通过视频会议参加了梵蒂冈为期一周的精神静修。美联社记者查尔斯·德·莱德斯马（Charles De Ledesma）报道。As he did on Sunday, Francis participated in the retreat remotely from the Rome hospital where he's being treated.与周日一样，方济各在罗马医院远程参加了静修。He could see and hear the Reverend Roberto Pasolini, preacher of the papal household, but the priests, bishops and cardinals gathered for the retreat in the Vatican auditorium could not see or hear him.他可以看到和听到教皇家庭传教士罗伯托·帕索里尼（Roberto Pasolini）牧师，但聚集在梵蒂冈礼堂参加静修的牧师、主教和红衣主教看不到也听不到他。Pasolini is delivering a series of meditations this week on the hope of eternal life, a theme that was chosen well before the Pope's hospitalization on February 14 with a complex lung infection. I'm Charles De Ledesma.帕索里尼本周发表了一系列关于永生希望的冥想，这个主题是在教皇2月14日因复杂肺部感染住院之前就选定的。我是查尔斯·德·莱德斯马。The leader of Canada's most populous province on Monday announced a countermeasure to President Trump's trade war. AP correspondent Sagar Meghani reports. "It needs to end."加拿大人口最多的省份的领导人周一宣布了对特朗普总统贸易战的应对措施。美联社记者萨加尔·梅加尼（Sagar Meghani）报道。“必须结束这种局面。”Premier Doug Ford says Ontario is now charging 25 percent more for electricity to a million and a half American homes and businesses in New York, Michigan and Minnesota.省长道格·福特表示，安大略省目前向纽约、密歇根和明尼苏达州的150万美国家庭和企业收取的电费增加了25%。Ford says on CTV it's a necessary step amid what he calls the chaos and confusion of the president's on again, off again tariffs.福特在CTV上表示，这是在特朗普反复加征关税导致混乱和困惑的情况下采取的必要措施。"If the United States escalates, I will not hesitate to shut the electricity off completely."“如果美国继续加征关税，我会毫不犹豫地完全切断电力供应。”The president's trade war has incensed Canadians, sent markets sharply lower and worried American consumers about higher prices. Sagar Meghani, Washington.特朗普总统的贸易战激怒了加拿大人，导致市场大幅下跌，美国消费者担心物价上涨。记者萨加尔·梅加尼在华盛顿报道。Fears that uncertainty over trade tariffs will trigger a recessiongripthe U.S. stock market on Monday. Reuters correspondent Jillian Kitchener reports.周一，对贸易关税不确定性将引发经济衰退的担忧笼罩着美国股市。路透社记者吉莉安·基钦纳（Jillian Kitchener）报道。A Reuters poll showed 91 percent of economists see higher recession risks due to President Trump's shifting trade policies. But the White House pushed back on talk of a recession on Monday.路透社的一项民调显示，91%的经济学家认为，由于特朗普总统不断变化的贸易政策，经济衰退风险更高。但白宫周一驳斥了有关经济衰退的说法。The director of its National Economic Council, Kevin Hassett, said there were many reasons to be optimistic about the U.S. economy, despite concerns about inflation and predictions of a contraction in GDP in the first quarter.美国国家经济委员会主任凯文·哈塞特（Kevin Hassett）表示，尽管存在通胀担忧和第一季度GDP萎缩预测，但仍有许多理由对美国经济持乐观态度。He argued U.S. tax cuts would boost the economy and said Trump's tariffs on Canada, Mexico and China were already bringing manufacturing and jobs back to the U.S. Reuters correspondent Jillian Kitchener. 他认为，美国减税将提振经济，并表示特朗普对加拿大、墨西哥和中国征收的关税已经将制造业和就业机会带回美国。路透社记者吉莉安·基钦纳报道。

Hi, I'm VOA's Alexis Strope with your worldwide news update.大家好，我是美国之音新闻记者亚历克西斯·斯特罗普（Alexis Strope），为您带来全球新闻。Israel says it will send a delegation to Qatar on Monday in an effort to advance the negotiations around the cease-fire in Gaza.以色列表示，将于周一派遣代表团前往卡塔尔，推动加沙停火谈判。Hamas reports positive signals in talks with Egyptian and Qatari mediators on starting negotiations on thetruce's delayed second phase. Talks on the second phase should have started a month ago.哈马斯报告称，在与埃及和卡塔尔调解人的会谈中，就启动停火延迟第二阶段的谈判，出现了积极信号。第二阶段谈判本应在一个月前开始。There was no immediate comment from the White House, which on Wednesday made the surprise confirmation of direct U.S. talks with Hamas.白宫周三意外证实美国将与哈马斯举行直接会谈，但白宫没有立即发表评论。Israel, over the past week, has pressed Hamas to release half the remaining hostages in return for an extension of the first phase that ended last weekend.过去一周，以色列一直敦促哈马斯释放一半剩余的人质，以换取延长上周末结束的第一阶段谈判。South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol walked out of a detention center on Saturday after prosecutors decided not to appeal a court decision to cancel the impeached leader's arrest warrant oninsurrectioncharges.韩国总统尹锡悦周六走出拘留中心，此前，法院裁决撤销对这位被弹劾领导人因叛乱指控的逮捕令，检方决定不提出上诉。Reuters correspondent Trevor Koroll reports. The Seoul Central District Court canceled Yoon's arrest warrant on Friday, citing the timing of hisindictmentand questions about the legality of the investigation process.路透社记者特雷弗·科罗尔（Trevor Koroll）报道。首尔中央地方法院周五取消了对尹锡悦的逮捕令，理由是起诉时间不当以及调查程序合法性存疑。In his statement, Yoon thanked the court, quote, "for their courage and determination in correcting the illegality."尹锡悦在声明中感谢法院“在纠正非法行为方面表现出的勇气和决心”。The mainoppositionDemocratic Party criticized the prosecutor's decision and urged the Constitutional Court to remove Yoon from office as soon as possible.主要反对党民主党批评了检方的决定，并敦促宪法法院尽快罢免尹锡悦。Prosecutors could not immediately be reached for comment. Some 55,000 Yoon supporters rallied in Seoul on Saturday, while more than 32,000 demonstrated against him, the Yonhap news agency reported, citing unofficial police estimates.记者未能立即联系到检方置评。据韩联社援引警方的非官方估计，周六约有55000名尹锡悦支持者在首尔集会，而超过32000人示威反对他。Still, the public remains largely anti-Yoon. Sixty percent of respondents to a Gallup Korea poll released on Friday said he should be removed from office, while 35 percent opposed removing him.公众仍然大多数反对尹锡悦。周五公布的盖洛普韩国民调显示，60%的受访者表示应罢免他，而35%的受访者反对罢免他。In hisimpeachmenttrial, the Constitutional Court is expected to decide in coming days whether toreinstateor remove Yoon.在弹劾审判中，宪法法院预计将在未来几天决定恢复或罢免尹锡悦。That was Reuters correspondent Trevor Koroll. This is VOA News.路透社记者特雷弗·科罗尔报道。这里是美国之音新闻。

The International Criminal Court said former Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte was taken into custody by the ICC on Wednesday following his arrest in Manila on murder charges linked to his war on drugs.国际刑事法院表示，菲律宾前总统罗德里戈·杜特尔特周三在马尼拉因与禁毒战争有关的谋杀指控被捕，随后被国际刑事法院拘留。Reuters correspondent Olivia Zollino reports. The 79-year-old arrived at Rotterdam Airport on a chartered plane and was transferred to a detention unit on the Dutch coast.路透社记者奥利维亚·佐利诺（Olivia Zollino）报道。这位79岁的老人乘坐包机抵达鹿特丹机场，并被转移到荷兰海岸的一个拘留所。The court's warrant for his arrest alleges that, as president, Duterte created, funded and armed death squads that carried out murders of purported drug users and dealers.法院的逮捕令指控杜特尔特在担任总统期间，创建、资助和武装了行刑队，对所谓的吸毒者和贩毒者实施谋杀。Duterte's war on drugs was a signature of his presidency, which lasted from 2016 to 2022.杜特尔特的禁毒战争是他2016年至2022年总统任期的标志。The anti-drugs crackdown killed thousands and drew condemnation from around the world. Reuters correspondent Olivia Zollino.反毒品镇压造成数千人死亡，并引起世界各地的谴责。路透社记者奥利维亚·佐利诺报道。After hundreds of people were killed in massacres on Syria's coastline last week, locals say widespread calls for justice may give the country's new government a chance to stabilize. Heather Murdoch reports from northwest Syria.上周，叙利亚沿海地区发生大屠杀，造成数百人死亡。当地人表示，广泛的正义呼声可能为该国新政府提供一个稳定局势的机会。希瑟·默多克（Heather Murdoch）在叙利亚西北部报道。Hundreds of people were killed here in Syria's coastal area last week and over the weekend, with some death counts exceeding 1,400.上周和上周末，叙利亚沿海地区有成千上百人被杀，死亡人数超过1400人。Analysts say many of the killings were acts of revenge for the abuses of dictator Bashar al-Assad's regime, which collapsed in early December.分析人士表示，许多杀戮事件是对独裁者巴沙尔·阿萨德政权暴行的报复，该政权于12月初垮台。Many of the victims were Alawite, the religious sect of former regime leaders, but not necessarily abusers themselves.许多受害者是阿拉维派，即前政权领导人的宗教派别，但他们不一定是施暴者。Analysts say the fighting was initially provoked by pro-Assad attackers who also committed mass killings. Heather Murdoch, in Istanbul with our team in Syria, VOA News.分析人士说，战斗最初是由亲阿萨德袭击者挑起的，他们也犯下了大规模杀戮。美国之音新闻记者希瑟·默多克与驻叙利亚团队在伊斯坦布尔报道，。U.S. President Donald Trump on Wednesday threatened to escalate the global trade war with new tariffs on trading partners as 25 percent tariffs on steel and aluminum kicked in. Reuters correspondent Jillian Kitchener reports.美国总统唐纳德·特朗普周三威胁要对贸易伙伴征收新的关税，以加剧全球贸易战，美国已开始对钢铁和铝征收25%的关税。路透社记者吉利安·基奇纳（Jillian Kitchener）报道。Canada, the biggest foreign supplier of steel and aluminum to the United States, announced its retaliatory tariffs on billions of dollars of U.S. products starting Thursday.加拿大是美国最大的钢铁和铝供应国，该国宣布从周四开始对数十亿美元的美国产品征收报复性关税。The EU's countermeasures are due to take effect next month, targeting up to $28 billion worth of U.S. goods. Reuters correspondent Jillian Kitchener. [解析]欧盟的反制措施将于下个月生效，针对价值高达280亿美元的美国商品。路透社记者吉利安·基奇纳报道。

The Glover Park Community Garden Association started around 1939 and then it slowly grew to become a victory garden in 1942 when the US was at war.格洛弗公园社区花园协会大约在1939年成立，随后在1942年美国二战时期，它逐渐发展成为一个“胜利花园”。It became essential for the folks that lived in the area here to grow their own vegetables as they were not able to purchase these things in the grocery store at that time.对于生活在这一带的人们来说，自己种植蔬菜变得至关重要，因为当时他们无法在杂货店里买到这些东西。We really want to respect the intent, the original intent of this garden which was a victory garden during World War II.我们真的很想尊重这座花园的初衷，它在二战期间曾是一座“胜利花园”。And we just think that's kind of amazing because it's almost we're using it that way again now with food shortages potentially at the grocery stores.我们觉得这有点不可思议，因为现在疫情期间杂货店食品短缺，我们又用这种方式自给自足。And we think it's exciting to carry on that tradition for the people that have been here before us and gotten through rough times and to see better days.我们认为，为那些在我们之前来到这里、度过艰难时期并迎来美好日子的人传承这一传统，是一件令人兴奋的事情。So, hopefully they're not looking down on us saying, 'Oh God, what are you guys doing.'希望他们不会居高临下地看着我们说：‘天哪，你们在干什么。'My fingernails have not been clean since early March probably. They're the opposite of French nails.我的手指甲可能从三月初起就没干净过。I don't know what you would call them but they're, well, you'd call them dirty. That's all.我不知道你会怎么说，肯定就说指甲很脏吧。I got a lot of vegetables, especially squash. The biggest one that I harvested I think it was 42 pounds.我在这里种了很多蔬菜，尤其是南瓜。我收获的最大的一个南瓜有42磅重。I had to bring it home in a cart because it was so heavy. I couldn't just carry it by myself.我不得不用手推车把它带回家，因为它太重了，我自己搬不动。I think I'm the oldest gardener here, too, in age, heading for 90, the big one.我觉得论年纪我也是这儿最年长的园丁了，快九十岁了。I'm still out here. So, I guess the good Lord's looking after me a little bit. Either that or he's getting even with me.但我还在这里坚持，我猜上帝多少还是在眷顾着我。要么就是他在跟我算账。It seems like everyone wants to get back into the garden, regardless of the virus and the situation that we have in front of us.似乎每个人都想重返花园，尽管现在是疫情期间，我们这里的境况也不是太好。They all want to get back into the garden. They want to garden. They don't want to lose their gardens.他们都想回到花园里。他们想打理花园。他们不想失去自己的花园。It's become more and more a valuable commodity both, you know, from a growing perspective of fresh vegetables and sustainability as it is emotional as well.从新鲜蔬菜的供应增长以及可持续发展的角度来看，同时从情感层面来说，它已经越来越成为一种珍贵的商品。For physical and mental benefits, I have really enjoyed coming to the garden. I would not be very happy without the garden.为了身心健康，我真的很喜欢来到这个花园。要是没有这个花园，我会很不开心的。Coming here has helped me to manage the separation from my grandson. This is my destination on a daily basis.来到这里帮助我应对与孙子分离的状况。这里是我每天必来的地方。I don't think I've missed a day since COVID hit and since we've been self-quarantined. And a lot of times I'm here twice a day.自新冠疫情爆发以来，以及我们开始自我隔离之后，我想我没有落下过一天。很多时候我一天来两次。The timing has been interesting with the COVID-19 going on because this has really been our escape during this time.虽然疫情在发展，但我们的时光都非常有意思，因为这段时间这真的成了我们的避风港。It's a great place to come and have fresh air, sunshine, get some exercise, digging and pushing the wheelbarrow around, at the same time having some connection with our neighbors and other people as well.这是个很棒的地方，来这里可以呼吸新鲜空气、享受阳光、锻炼身体、挖土和推着独轮车四处走动，同时还能与邻居和其他人建立联系。But we all have our social distancing with our little cages here, 25×25-foot cage.但在这里，我们都在各自25×25英尺的小隔离间里保持社交距离。

When the US government forced more than 60,000 native Americans to relocate to Oklahoma to make way for white settlers in the 1830s, their slaves came with them.19世纪30年代，美国政府迫使6万多名美洲原住民迁往俄克拉荷马州 ，为白人定居者腾出土地 ，他们的奴隶也一同前往 。After emancipation, the freed slaves, known as freedmen, settled and built their own towns.解放后，获得自由的奴隶，即所谓的自由民，定居下来并建造了自己的城镇。Where they would have the opportunity to live amongst people that looked like them, amongst people who understood the plights that they had escaped from, but ready to embark upon a new opportunity, form their own government in terms of their mayors and their elected officials, all of whom were like them, and it was an amazing opportunity.在那里，他们将有机会与和自己长相相似的人生活在一起，与那些理解他们所逃离的困境的人生活在一起，同时准备好迎接新的机遇，按照自己的意愿选举市长和官员来组建自己的政府，而所有这些官员都和他们一样，这真是一个绝佳的机会。The fully self-sufficient communities thrived in the 1910s. The town of Boley was flourishing, with hotels, doctors, lawyers, schools, colleges, and restaurants.完全自给自足的社区在20世纪10年代蓬勃发展。博利镇一派繁荣景象，有酒店、医生、律师、学校、学院和餐馆。They had their own newspaper in Boley. They had their own phone company.他们在博利有自己的报纸。他们有自己的电话公司。So it was a bevy of commercial and residential life, not to mention the thousands of farms around most of these towns.这里有大量的商业和住宅生活设施，更不用说这些城镇周边还有成千上万个农场了。But the Great Depression of the 1930s took a toll on the all-black towns.但20世纪30年代的大萧条对全黑人城镇造成了沉重打击。Many residents left to find work elsewhere. Town populations dwindled.许多居民离开这里到别处找工作。城镇人口减少。Today, just 13 all-black towns remain in Oklahoma, including Grayson, population 140.今天，俄克拉荷马州只剩下13个全黑人城镇，其中包括格雷森镇，人口140人。90 percent of the individuals or retirees, you know, or individuals or some type of disability, who move back to their home site you know in Grayson, and so that makes up really the population in our community.90%的居民是退休人员或者残疾人，他们搬回格雷森的老家，所以这构成了我们社区的主要人口。Today, an annual rodeo draws visitors to Grayson, where Anderson remembers flexing his cowboy skills as a teenager.如今，一年一度的牛仔竞技表演吸引着游客来到格雷森，安德森记得自己十几岁时曾在这里展示过牛仔技能。We didn't have a movie theater. We didn't have a drive-in theater to go to you know like on weekends for entertainment.我们没有电影院。我们也没有可以在周末去消遣娱乐的汽车影院。But we could all saddle up a horse and go down to the corral. So we'd go down and challenge one another.但我们都可以跨上马鞍，骑马到畜栏去。这样我们就可以下去互相挑战了。You know, we might ride the same horse, you know, trying to figure out if we can rope a calf faster than the next person.我们可能骑同一匹马，想弄清楚我们能不能比下一个人更快地拴住小牛。Shirley Ballard Nero grew up nearby in the all-black town of Clearview.雪莉·巴拉德·内罗在附近全是黑人居住的克利尔维尤镇长大。There were Indians that lived around us, because this is the Creek Nation.我们周围住着印第安人，因为这里是克里克部落的领地。So it's not just totally an all-black town. We all played at the same spot.这并非完全是个全是黑人的小镇。我们都在同一个地方玩耍。We all had our mailboxes in the same spot. But when it was time for the school buses to arrive, we got on separate school buses.我们所有人的邮箱都在同一个地方。但到了校车到达的时间，我们却各自上了不同的校车。Nero, a retired history teacher, returned home to Clearview with her husband, a retired college president after spending their work lives elsewhere.妮罗是一位退休的历史教师，她和退休的大学校长丈夫在其他地方工作了一辈子后，回到了克利尔维尤的家中。I wanted to come back here. I knew this town needed us. And we had the ability and the know-how to probably be an asset to Clearview.我想回到这里，我知道这个小镇需要我们，我们拥有能力和技术，或许能成为克利尔维尤的一笔财富。Many of the buildings in the old all-black towns are crumbling, abandoned, or neglected by absentee owners.许多旧时全黑人城镇中的建筑正在破败、被遗弃，或者被那些不住在当地的业主们忽视。Clearview managed to preserve the old school gym built in 1939, now a community center that hosts funerals, family reunions and other events.克利尔维尤设法保存了建于1939年的旧学校体育馆，如今这里成了一个社区中心，用于举办葬礼、家庭团聚等活动。Revitalizing Oklahoma's all-black towns is the goal of a group of volunteers called The Coltrane Group.振兴俄克拉荷马州的全黑人城镇是一个名为“The Coltrane Group”的志愿者团体的目标。If all of these buildings are gone, there's really no story because now you're looking at an empty land and people can visualize just an empty space.如果所有这些建筑都没了，那就真的没什么故事可言了，因为现在你看到的只是一片空地，人们也只能想象出一片空地。But if these buildings were developed, which I think would help the economy for these historical black towns to move forward.但如果这些建筑得到开发，我认为这将有助于这些历史悠久的黑人城镇的经济向前发展。The Coltrane Group leads tours of the all black towns, in hopes of raising interest and funds to keep this vital part of Oklahoma history from being lost forever.The Coltrane Group带领游客参观这些全黑人城镇，希望能引起人们的兴趣并筹集资金，以防止俄克拉荷马州历史上这一重要部分永远消失。

France has been gripped this month by the so-called Charlie Hebdo trial against the alleged accomplices of Islamists, who attacked a French satirical newspaper and a kosher supermarket in 2015.本月，法国正深陷所谓的《查理周刊》案审判之中，该案针对2015年袭击一家法国讽刺报纸和一家犹太洁食超市的伊斯兰主义者的涉嫌同谋者。It was the first of a string of terror attacks along with the Islamist insurgency in the Middle East and elsewhere that fed a broader zeroing in on radical islam here.这是中东及其他地区伊斯兰叛乱引发的一系列恐怖袭击中的第一起，这让更多的人把矛头对准了这里的激进伊斯兰。This recent history partly forms the backdrop of upcoming legislation on so-called separatisms.这段近代史在一定程度上构成了即将出台的所谓分离立法的背景。Details are sketchy but reports suggest the bill will crack down on importing foreign imams and foreign financing of private schools, and increase surveillance on suspect groups.细节尚不清楚，但有报道称，该法案将打击外国伊玛目入境和私立学校的外国融资，并加强对可疑群体的监控。The government says it aims to fight so-called enemies of France, of French values and way of life.政府表示，其目标是打击所谓的法国价值观和生活方式的敌人。Officials say those enemies also include groups like white supremacists.官员们说，这些敌人还包括白人至上主义者等组织。Alexandre del Valle welcomes the legislation. He co-authored a book about the Muslim Brotherhood's alleged quest to infiltrate and conquer the West.亚历山大·德尔·瓦莱对这项立法表示欢迎。他与人合著了一本书，内容是关于所谓穆斯林兄弟会试图渗透并征服西方一事。I think it's necessary first of all to ban any organization that jeopardize our western, French, Republican and secular value.我认为首先有必要取缔任何危害我们西方、法国、共和及世俗价值观的组织。First of it, Muslim Brotherhood are the most fanatics among the radical islam organization.首先，穆斯林兄弟会是激进伊斯兰组织中最狂热的团体。Government officials say the measure does not intend to target moderate islam.政府官员说，这项措施并不打算针对温和的伊斯兰教。A recent doxa poll shows most French surveyed approve of a separatism bill.近期的一项多克萨民意调查显示，大多数接受调查的法国人赞成一项分离主义法案。But some Muslim leaders and groups worry it will unfairly single them out.但一些穆斯林领袖和团体担心这会不公平地将他们单独挑出来。Violence doesn't belong to a certain community. Terrorism doesn't belong to a single community.暴力不属于某个特定群体。恐怖主义也不属于某个单一群体。But it's not right to stigmatize a whole community because one member committed terrorist attacks.但因为一名成员实施了恐怖袭击就给整个群体贴上污名化的标签是不对的。Groups like Bashar cite an uptick in anti-Muslim acts and intolerance in recent years.像巴沙尔这样的团体指出，近年来反穆斯林行为和不容忍现象有所增加。Some observers say politics is behind the separatism bill, claiming president Macron and his centrist On the Move party are tilting right ahead of the 2022 elections.一些观察人士认为，这项分离主义法案背后存在政治因素，声称总统马克龙及其中间派政党“复兴党”正在2022年大选前向右倾斜。Meanwhile, France's mainoppositionparty, the far-right National Rally, says Macro is being too soft on extremism and is calling for an end to any system that encourages ethnic communities to function apart from the mainstream.与此同时，法国主要反对党、极右翼政党“国民联盟”表示，马克龙对极端主义过于软弱，并呼吁终止任何鼓励族裔群体与主流社会脱节的制度。What we want is a fight without mercy against communitarianism and separatism.我们想要的是一场毫不留情地打击社群主义和分离主义的斗争。But that means treating the politics at the roots, rethinking migration policy, closing Salafist mosques, banning financing for suspect associations.但这意味着要从根源上处理政治问题，重新思考移民政策，关闭萨拉菲派清真寺，禁止向可疑组织提供资金支持。There are a number of tools. So far, none has been used.有很多工具。到目前为止，还没有一个被使用过。Lots of expectations and fears about what fighting separatism really means, especially for France's Muslim community. 关于打击分离主义究竟意味着什么，尤其是对法国穆斯林群体而言，存在着许多期待与担忧。

Would you like to speak with a British accent? What if I told you that there is no singular 'British' accent? In fact, linguists estimate that there are 40-60 regional accents across the UK, some of which exist very close together geographically. For instance, you can listen to Manchester's 'Mancunian' accent and then Liverpool's distinct 'Scouse' accent after just a 50-minute car or train ride. Some southern English accents, such as 'Received Pronunciation', are associated with social prestige, but can the south claim to have the oldest English accent? Or does another UK region take the title? The story is messier than you might expect.你想用英国口音说话吗？ 如果我告诉你没有单一的“英国”口音怎么办？ 事实上，语言学家估计英国各地有 40-60 种地方口音，其中一些在地理上非常接近。 例如，只需乘坐 50 分钟的汽车或火车，您就可以听到曼彻斯特的“Mancunian”口音，然后再听到利物浦独特的“Scouse”口音。 一些南方英语口音，例如“公认发音”，与社会声望有关，但南方人能声称拥有最古老的英语口音吗？ 或者英国的另一个地区是否会获得冠军？ 这个故事比你想象的要混乱。The first version of English, Old English, originated in the 5th and 6th centuries when tribes from northern Germany arrived in east England, a region now called 'East Anglia'. Their Germanic languages mixed with existing Latin and Celtic languages and became Old English. "It makes sense to think of East Anglia as being the source of the earliest variety of English as we know it," says Kerri-Ann Butcher, a lecturer in English Language at the University of Leeds. Over the next few centuries, English absorbed many other languages arriving from places like the Netherlands and Scandinavia. The associated linguistic changes did not happen in an orderly way across the country.英语的第一个版本是古英语，起源于 5 世纪和 6 世纪，当时德国北部的部落抵达英格兰东部，该地区现在称为“东安格利亚”。 他们的日耳曼语言与现有的拉丁语和凯尔特语混合，成为古英语。 利兹大学英语讲师克里-安·布彻 (Kerri-Ann Butcher) 表示：“认为东安格利亚是我们所知道的最早的英语种类的起源是有道理的。” 在接下来的几个世纪里，英语吸收了来自荷兰和斯堪的纳维亚半岛等地的许多其他语言。 相关的语言变化并没有在全国范围内有序发生。With all these different influences, the English language became messy and inconsistent. But in 1476, some spelling norms became standardised with the arrival of the printing press. Nowadays, the words 'blood', 'food' and 'good', which all contain two letter Os, sound different, but back then, they might have rhymed. Between the 12th and 18th centuries, something known as the Great Vowel Shift happened, where some vowel sounds across the country changed. For example, the vowel sound in 'foot' and 'strut' used to be pronounced the same, but then people in the south began pronouncing 'strut' differently. Danielle Turton, sociolinguist at Lancaster University, says the northern pronunciation is absolutely the original one. "It was the south that branched off and created this new vowel."由于所有这些不同的影响，英语变得混乱且不一致。 但到了 1476 年，随着印刷机的出现，一些拼写规范变得标准化。 如今，“血液”、“食物”和“好”这三个词都包含两个字母O，听起来不同，但在当时，它们可能是押韵的。 在 12 世纪和 18 世纪之间，发生了被称为“元音大转变”的事情，全国各地的一些元音发音发生了变化。 例如，“foot”和“strut”的元音过去发音相同，但后来南方人开始以不同的方式发音“strut”。 兰卡斯特大学社会语言学家丹妮尔·特顿表示，北方发音绝对是最原始的发音。 “正是南方分支并创造了这个新的元音。”So, there you have it. While East Anglia may have been the home of the earliest English sounds, it did not stick to the original pronunciations like accents in northern England did. And while many think Received Pronunciation is an older-sounding English, in fact, it didn't exist until the 18th century. The north of England wins!那么，你就明白了。 虽然东安格利亚可能是最早英语发音的发源地，但它并不像英格兰北部的口音那样坚持原始发音。 尽管许多人认为标准发音是一种听起来更古老的英语，但事实上，它直到 18 世纪才出现。 英格兰北部获胜！

More hostages might be released in Gaza. VOA's Jeff Caster reports.加沙可能会释放更多人质。美国之音记者杰夫·卡斯特（Jeff Caster）报道。The U.S.-designated terrorist group Hamas said in a statement Friday it is willing to release an American-Israeli hostage, Eden Alexander, along with the bodies of four dual nationals who died in captivity.被美国认定为恐怖组织的哈马斯周五在一份声明中表示，愿意释放一名美裔以色列人质伊登·亚历山大（Eden Alexander），以及四名在囚禁期间死亡的双重国籍者。The statement on Telegram did not say when the release would take place or what the group expected in return.Telegram上的声明没有说明释放时间或该组织期望的回报。Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's office is questioning the offer, accusing Hamas of trying to manipulate the ongoing cease-fire talks in Qatar.以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡的办公室对这一提议提出质疑，指责哈马斯试图操纵卡塔尔正在进行的停火谈判。Netanyahu's office said the prime minister will meet with his ministerial team Saturday night to receive a detailed report from negotiators and decide on next steps for the release of hostages. Jeff Caster, VOA News.内塔尼亚胡办公室表示，总理将于周六晚会见他的部长团队，听取谈判人员的详细报告，并决定释放人质的下一步措施。美国之音新闻记者杰夫·卡斯特报道。South Africa's ambassador to the United States is no longer welcome in the U.S. That's according to Secretary of State Marco Rubio in a post on X on Friday afternoon.南非驻美国大使不再受到美国欢迎，从美国国务卿马尔科·卢比奥周五下午在X上的一篇文章中可以看出。Rubio accused Ibrahim Rasool of being a "race-baiting politician" and declared him "persona non grata." No additional details were available from the State Department.鲁比奥指责易卜拉欣·拉苏尔（Ibrahim Rasool）是“种族歧视政客”，并称他为“不受欢迎的人”。美国国务院没有提供更多细节。An executive order was signed in early February by President Donald Trump that cut aid to the Black-led South African government.2月初，唐纳德·特朗普总统签署了一项行政命令，削减了对黑人领导的南非政府的援助。Trump said South Africa's white Afrikaners were targeted in a new law that allows the government to "expropriate private land."特朗普表示，南非白人是新法律的目标，该法律允许政府“征用私人土地”。Tit-for-tat tariffs from Mexico, Canada, the EU and China continue as the U.S. is set to impose new tariffs on April 2. VOA's Carolyn Presutti has the story.随着美国定于4月2日征收新关税，墨西哥、加拿大、欧盟和中国继续针锋相对地征收关税。美国之音新闻记者卡罗琳·普雷苏蒂（Carolyn Presutti）报道了这一消息。The unpredictability drives U.S. stocks wild. Analysts say if it continues, all governments lose. Jeffrey Schott is with the Peterson Institute for International Economics.这种不可预测性导致美国股市疯狂上涨。分析师表示，如果这种情况持续下去，所有政府都会蒙受损失。杰弗里·肖特（Jeffrey Schott）是彼得森国际经济研究所的研究员。"They think that if they protect their economy, they're going to increase the productivity and the competitiveness of industries in their own market.“他们认为，如果他们保护自己的经济，他们就会提高自己市场中各行业的生产力和竞争力。And actually what they're doing is putting them at a disadvantage in terms of price and access to global markets."而实际上，他们所做的是让他们处于价格和全球市场准入方面的劣势。”The U.S. argues economic pain now will yield great results later. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent: "the tariffs, we've got strategic industries we've got to have. We wanna protect the American worker that a lot of these trade deals haven't been fair."美国认为，现在的经济痛苦将在以后产生巨大的效果。财政部长斯科特·贝森特说：“关税，我们必须拥有战略产业。我们想保护美国工人，因为很多贸易协定并不公平。”The administration is sending a signal that it's not business as usual here. It's now more exports and less imports.政府发出信号，表明这里的情况并不正常。现在是出口增加，进口减少。The next round of tariffs goes into effect April 2. Carolyn Presutti, VOA News, the White House.下一轮关税将于4月2日生效。美国之音新闻记者卡罗琳·普雷苏蒂在白宫报道。Two astronauts who have been living on the International Space Station since June of last year are about to get their ride back to Earth.自去年6月以来一直生活在国际空间站的两名宇航员即将乘坐飞船返回地球。SpaceX launched four astronauts from Kennedy Space Center in Florida on Friday night to the space station.SpaceX于周五晚上将四名宇航员从佛罗里达州肯尼迪航天中心送往空间站。Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams have been on the space station since their Boeing Starliner capsule suffered a malfunction and returned to Earth without them.自从波音星际客机太空舱发生故障并独自返回地球后，巴里·威尔莫尔和苏尼·威廉姆斯就一直在空间站上。Wilmore and Williams are expected back on Earth next week.威尔莫尔和威廉姆斯预计将于下周返回地球。

Britain's leader encouraged his global counterparts to continue pushing for a ceasefire between Russia and Ukraine at the start of a virtual meeting Saturday intended to end the fighting between the two countries.英国领导人在周六旨在结束两国战斗的虚拟会议开始时鼓励全球同行继续推动俄罗斯和乌克兰停火。British Prime Minister Keir Starmer told a virtual meeting of mostly European leaders that "sooner or later" Russia would have to engage in talks on reaching a ceasefire in the three-year conflict.英国首相基尔·斯塔默在主要由欧洲领导人参加的虚拟会议上表示，俄罗斯“迟早”必须参与谈判，以达成为期三年的冲突的停火协议。He addressed the group, described as a "coalition of the willing,"他向这个被描述为“自愿联盟”的组织发表讲话，of mostly European leaders as well as those from Australia, New Zealand and Canada but not the United States.该组织主要由欧洲领导人以及来自澳大利亚、新西兰和加拿大的领导人组成，但不包括美国领导人。"Sooner or later, he's going to have to come to the table," Starmer said of Russian President Vladimir Putin, whose country invaded Ukraine on Feb. 24, 2022.斯塔默谈到俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京时说：“迟早，他必须坐到谈判桌前。”俄罗斯于2022年2月24日入侵乌克兰。Earlier, U.S. President Donald Trump urged Moscow to accept a ceasefire deal agreed to by U.S. and Ukrainian delegations in Saudi Arabia, and U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio had said "the ball is in Russia's court."此前，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普敦促莫斯科接受美国和乌克兰代表团在沙特阿拉伯达成的停火协议，美国国务卿马尔科·鲁比奥曾表示“球在俄罗斯手中”。Putin has said he agrees with a ceasefire in theory, but Russia still has certain conditions and questions that must be addressed before accepting any agreement.普京表示，他理论上同意停火，但俄罗斯在接受任何协议之前仍需解决某些条件和问题。In his nightly video address, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy suggested that Putin is stalling and has demanded so many preconditions "that nothing will work out at all."乌克兰总统泽连斯基在晚间视频讲话中暗示，普京在拖延，并提出了如此多的先决条件，“以至于什么都行不通”。Meanwhile, the U.S. has expanded sanctions on Russian oil and gas as well as its financial sectors.与此同时，美国扩大了对俄罗斯石油和天然气以及金融部门的制裁。Saturday's discussion among world leaders could address future military and financial support for Ukraine and Zelenskyy's security concerns if a peace deal is reached.如果达成和平协议，世界各国领导人周六的讨论可能会涉及未来对乌克兰的军事和财政支持以及泽连斯基的安全担忧。Zelenskyy attended Saturday's online video session. 泽连斯基参加了周六的在线视频会议。

Visitors come to the U.S. Botanic Garden to enjoy the variety of plants and the peace and serenity of nature. This woman works nearby.游客们来到美国国家植物园观赏各类植物，享受大自然带来的和平与宁静。这位女士在附近工作。"Feels like a forest in a city, so I can be thinking about something else that worked for almost for 5 minutes, which is sometimes very nice."“感觉就像城市里的森林，这样我能有大约五分钟时间思考其他事情。这一点很赞。”Located on the national mall, the Botanic Garden is made up of 65,000 indoor and outdoor plants, some more than 165 years old.这座植物园位于国家购物中心，植物园里共有65000株室内和室外植物，有的已经生长了165年多了。Inside the conservatory, the greenhouse, there are rooms with plants that thrive in different environments, like this tropical room.温室里有很多不同的房间，这些植物在不同的环境里生长，比如这间热带植物房。Since its beginning, visitors have been educated about the value of plants.从建园开始，植物园就一直向参观者们展示植物的价值。"We still have a very important role to play in educating people about the importance of plants,“我们在向公众普及植物重要性方面仍扮演着至关重要的角色。particularly in urban audiences where people may not have a direct connection to a farm, may not understand where food in particular comes from."尤其是对城市居民而言，他们可能从未接触过农场，甚至不清楚食物究竟从何而来。”One of the Garden's main attractions are the four thousand orchid plants that come from around the world.植物园的主要景点之一是来自世界各地的四千株兰花。During the annual spring orchid show, a sea of flowers bloom including some that are endangered.在一年一度的春季兰花展上，花海绽放，其中还包括一些濒危品种。During the Christmas season, a very popular exhibit showcases toy trains, chugging through plants and structures made from plant-based materials.圣诞节期间会有一场很受欢迎的展览，玩具小火车穿梭于由植物材料制成的植物和建筑之间。As part of the bicentennial, the newest exhibit "Deeply Rooted, Branching Outward",作为建园二百周年庆典的一部分，最新的展览“深根延展”，highlights the scientific exploration of plants, which the garden hopes will give visitors.突出展示了人类对植物的科学探索，园方期望借此为游客带来启发。"So just a greater appreciation for plants, for plant discovery, for plant exploration."“我们可以更好地观赏植物、重视植物发现、关注植物探索。”The U.S. Botanic Garden is free and open every day, with more than 1 million visitors a year.美国国家植物园每天都免费开放， 每年有100多万游客。It has enlightened its guests for two centuries and will continue to for generations to come.过去两百年以来，它一直启发着游客，并将继续为后世带来启示。

Candles, flowers, and handcrafted signs surround the United States Supreme Court in memory of justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg who died Friday. It just kind of crushed me.蜡烛、鲜花和手工制作的标语环绕在美国最高法院周围，以纪念周五去世的大法官露丝·巴德·金斯伯格。这真的让我心碎。While Ginsburg's health had been deteriorating for the past several years, her death stunned many Americans including president Donald Trump.尽管金斯伯格的健康状况在过去几年里一直在恶化，但她的去世还是令包括总统唐纳德·特朗普在内的许多美国人感到震惊。She led an amazing life. What else can you say? She was an amazing woman.她度过了非凡的一生。你还能说什么呢？她是一位了不起的女性。Whether you agreed or not, she was an amazing woman who led an amazing life. I'm actually saddened to hear that. I am saddened to hear that.无论你是否认同，她都是一位拥有非凡人生的非凡女性。听到这个消息我真的很难过。Democratic presidential nominee Joe Biden said she was not only a giant in the legal profession but a beloved figure.民主党总统候选人乔·拜登表示，她不仅是法律界的巨擘，还是一位深受爱戴的人物。She practiced the highest American ideals as a Justice: equality and justice under the law, and Ruth Bader Ginsburg stood for all of us.作为大法官，她践行了美国最崇高的理想：法律面前人人平等与正义；露丝·巴德·金斯伯格代表着我们所有人。I don't know a woman who's not going to be affected by this, I don't know a single one.我认识的所有女性都受到了她的影响。Ginsburg's advocacy for women's rights propelled her beyond legal stardom and into American pop culture.金斯伯格对女性权利的倡导使她不仅成为法律界的明星，还融入了美国流行文化。People started calling her the Notorious RBG, a reference to the famed rap artist Notorious B.I.G.人们开始称她为“声名狼藉的RBG”，这是对著名说唱歌手声名狼藉先生的致敬。Her status as a cultural icon grew when it was discovered the octogenarian worked out at the gym religiously, something that continued through the coronavirus pandemic.当人们发现这位八旬老人一直坚持去健身房锻炼，甚至在新冠疫情期间也未曾中断时，她作为文化偶像的地位便愈发稳固。Tributes to Ginsburg plastered the Brooklyn New York neighborhood in which she grew up.向金斯伯格致敬的标语贴满了她成长的纽约布鲁克林社区。William Brenneisen owns Ginsburg's childhood home.威廉·布伦内森拥有金斯伯格童年时期的故居。We've been here 47 years and we still hear her name during the course of all year, so she's not really forgotten.我们在这里已经47年了，一整年里我们仍会时不时听到她的名字，所以她并没有真正被遗忘。It was not lost on American Jews that Ginsburg died on the eve of Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish New Year.美国犹太人都注意到，金斯伯格是在犹太新年前夕去世的。But it was her fierce defense of women's rights that defines how she is being remembered.但正是她对女性权利的坚定捍卫，定义了人们如何铭记她。Well, she stood up for women. She was not swayed, easily swayed.她为女性发声。她不会轻易动摇。And she just had people's best interests at heart, viewed the world differently to a lot of men. I have great respect for her.她只是把人们的最大利益放在心上，看待世界的方式与许多男性不同。我非常尊敬她。Ginsburg will be buried at Arlington National Cemetery, next to her husband Martin who died in 2010.金斯伯格将被安葬在阿灵顿国家公墓，与她2010年去世的丈夫马丁葬在一起。

Good news this week for explorers seeking extraterrestriallife.本周对于寻找外星生命的探险家来说是个好消息。Scientists say they have detected a gas called phosphine swirling in the highly acidic clouds of venus.科学家表示，他们在金星酸性极高的云层中探测到了一种名为磷化氢的气体。But the European Southern Observatory's Itziar de Gregorio says it is probably too soon to say life exists on the planet.但欧洲南方天文台的伊齐亚尔·德·格雷戈里奥表示，现在就说这颗行星上存在生命可能还为时过早。This doesn't mean that we discovered extraterrestriallife on venus far from it.这并不意味着我们在遥远的金星上发现了外星生命。It is possible that we are unaware of a chemical that produces this phosphine and we have to investigate in that direction.可能存在某种我们尚未发现的化学物质能产生这种磷化氢，我们必须朝这个方向展开调查。The quest to study Venus began in 1960 with the Pioneer 5 space probe.对金星的研究始于1960年的先驱者5号太空探测器。But with this week's development, there's heightened interest in the planet.但是随着本周的研究发展，人们对这颗行星的兴趣大增。On earth, bacteria thriving in oxygen-starved environments like sewers and intestines produce the gas phosphine.在地球上，细菌在缺氧环境中（如下水道和肠道）大量繁殖，会产生磷化氢气体。The discovery on Venus is raisingspeculationthat microbial life exists there.金星上的发现引起了人们对那里存在微生物生命的猜测。But de Gregorio adds that the phosphine source could simply be something researchers have yet to study.但德·格雷戈里奥补充说，磷化氢的来源可能仅仅是研究人员尚未研究的某种物质。In other news that could be ripped from the pages of a science fiction novel, NASA and the European Space Agency or ESA joined forces this week to build a spacecraft to deflect an earthbound asteroid.在其他仿佛是从科幻小说里摘录出来的新闻中，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）和欧洲航天局（ESA）本周联手建造一艘航天器，旨在改变一颗可能撞向地球的小行星的轨道。This mission is essentially a demonstration so we can understand how these technologies could be used.这次任务本质上是一次演示，以便我们能够了解这些技术如何被应用。It's like billiards. Small force hits the asteroid that is heading for earth which should create an aversion.这就像打台球一样。用较小的力量撞击朝着地球飞来的小行星，这样应该能使其偏离轨道。And we want to practice this, so that we are ready if an asteroid is actually heading for us.我们想进行这种演练，以便在小行星真的朝我们飞来时能做好准备。NASA is set to launch a craft in June 2021 on a collision course with the asteroid to attempt altering its flight path.NASA计划于2021年6月发射一艘航天器，使其与小行星相撞，试图改变其飞行路径。If the mission succeeds, the ESA will launch a follow-up in 2024.如果任务成功，欧洲航天局将在2024年启动后续行动。In other news, images from space showed the vast and ancient icesheetatop greenland shed a 113 square kilometer chunk of ice last month.来自太空的图像显示，格陵兰岛顶部广袤而古老的冰盖上个月脱落了一块面积达113平方公里的冰块。The new research is yet another piece important piece of evidence showing that it's really time we stop hitting the snooze button and wake up to the climate emergency.这项新研究是又一项重要证据，表明我们真的该停止拖延，正视气候紧急状况了。We need to curb climate emissions right now immediately.我们现在需要立即控制气候排放。And we need to create a network of ocean sanctuaries covering at least a third of the blue planet if we are to take climate crisis seriously.如果我们要认真对待气候危机，就需要建立一个海洋保护区网络，使其覆盖这个蓝色星球至少三分之一的区域。Dr Laura Meller from Greenpeace says the time to act is now.绿色和平组织的劳拉·梅勒博士表示，现在就是采取行动的时候了。As more ice melts, experts say more dark water appears in its place, absorbing heat, further accelerating the process of melting ice and rising seas.随着更多冰层融化，专家表示，更多深色海水会出现在原本冰层的位置，吸收热量，进一步加速冰层融化和海平面上升的过程。And finally, UNESCO certifies Italy's Saint-Barthelemy valley as a Starlight Stellar Park, meaning it's one of the best places on earth to look up at the sky.最后，联合国教科文组织认证意大利的圣巴特岛山谷为星光公园，这意味着它是地球上观赏天空的最佳地点之一。The northern Italian municipality takes this designation seriously, having recently replaced lampposts with special LEDs that do not shine up. 意大利北部的这个自治市非常重视这一称号，最近刚刚把路灯柱换成了不会向上照射的特殊发光二极管灯。

Anyone who watches team sports may be familiar with the sight of players joining a huddle before a big match. Researchers studying chimpanzees and bonobos in African sanctuaries found our closest ape relatives do something similar before feeding time, one of the most competitive moments in their day.经常观看团队体育比赛的人，对赛前队员们围成一圈加油打气的场景应该不会陌生。在非洲多家灵长类动物保护区研究黑猩猩和倭黑猩猩的科研人员们发现，这些与人类亲缘关系最近的类人猿在喂食时间前也会有类似的举动。喂食时间是它们一天中竞争最激烈的时刻之一。As they waited for food, the apes touched, embraced and sometimes kissed one another. Those with the most reassuring physical interactions were more likely to feed peacefully alongside others.在等待食物时，这些类人猿会彼此接触、拥抱，有时还会亲吻。那些在进食前进行较多安抚性身体接触的个体，更有可能与同伴一起和睦地进食。The researchers believe this behaviour may date back at least seven million years, suggesting that using touch to build trust and cooperation is an ancient social skill shared by humans and great apes alike.研究人员认为，这种行为或能追溯到至少 700 万年前，表明通过肢体接触来建立信任和合作关系是人类和大型类人猿共同拥有的一项古老的社交技能。

It was initially valued at $30 million, but Gus, as the T-rex has been affectionately named, went for much more after a bidding battle that lasted over 10 minutes. Cassandra Hatton, worldwide head of natural history at Sotheby's, said the price reflected the time to excavate and reconstruct the specimen and its quality.这具霸王龙化石被亲切地命名为 “格斯”，最初估价为 3000 万美元。然而，在持续十多分钟的激烈竞拍后，其最终成交价远远超过预估价格。苏富比全球自然史业务负责人卡桑德拉·哈顿表示，成交价反映了发掘和复原这件标本所耗费的大量时间，以及标本本身的品质。Standing at 12.5 feet tall and with more than 60% of the bones recovered, it is one of the most complete specimens of its kind. We are unlikely to find out the identity of the buyer immediately. Time will tell if the dinosaur is coming to a museum near you.该标本高 12.5 英尺，已发现并回收的骨骼超过整体的 60%，是现存最完整的霸王龙标本之一。我们可能无法立即得知买家的身份。只有时间才能揭晓，这具霸王龙化石未来是否会在你附近的博物馆展出。

It's a topic people usually avoid, yet it's a universal human experience. Flatulence, affectionately known as farting, is simply the releasing of gas from the backside. The word itself traces back to the Latin 'flatus', which literally means 'a blowing' or 'wind.' While it is often the butt of the joke, we do it for very practical reasons, which boil down to digestion. Most mammals have a complex, symbiotic relationship with their gut microbes which break down food. Digestion requires a lengthy process of fermentation, and flatulence is simply the inevitable byproduct of these hard-working bacteria. Passing gas is a sign of a highly functioning digestive system.这是人们通常回避的话题，但却是人类的普遍经历。 胀气，被亲切地称为放屁，简单来说就是气体从背部释放出来。 这个词本身可以追溯到拉丁语“flatus”，字面意思是“吹”或“风”。 虽然这通常是笑话的笑柄，但我们这样做是出于非常实际的原因，归根结底就是为了消化。 大多数哺乳动物与分解食物的肠道微生物有着复杂的共生关系。 消化需要漫长的发酵过程，而胀气正是这些辛勤工作的细菌不可避免的副产品。 排气是消化系统功能强大的标志。But we humans aren't the only mammals that like to let one off. In 2017, National Geographic and the BBC reported the results of an online survey. It revealed some incredibly unlikely farters, like zebras, which have been documented farting withevery single step whilst running away from predators. On a bigger scale, cow flatulence and burps are packed with methane, a potent greenhouse gas that is actively driving global climate change. And, if you've ever had a domesticated pet, you might've even blamed your own farts on them! I know I have.但我们人类并不是唯一喜欢放纵的哺乳动物。 2017年，《国家地理》和BBC报道了一项在线调查的结果。 它揭示了一些令人难以置信的放屁动物，比如斑马，有记录显示，它们在逃避捕食者时每走一步都会放屁。 从更大的范围来看，奶牛的胀气和打嗝充满了甲烷，这是一种强效温室气体，正在积极推动全球气候变化。 而且，如果您曾经养过宠物，您甚至可能会将自己的屁归咎于它们！ 我知道我有。There are other fascinating examples of farting from the animal kingdom. The Sonoran coral snake expels air forcefully to startle predators when it's in danger. In an article published on The Conversation, it's mentioned that herring, a type of fish, will release gas as a way to communicate with each other that predators are nearby. It was also written in IFLScience that the beaded lacewing, a type of larva, can take down six termites with one fart!动物王国还有其他有趣的放屁例子。 索诺兰珊瑚蛇在遇到危险时会用力喷出空气来惊吓捕食者。 在《对话》上发表的一篇文章中提到，鲱鱼是一种鱼类，它会释放气体，作为相互交流捕食者就在附近的一种方式。 《IFLScience》上还写道，珠状草蛉是一种幼虫，一个屁就能消灭六只白蚁！So it seems that some animals pass gas as an evolutionary survival tactic. Those not so 'silent but deadly' farts can ward off predators as well as let others know that there's potential danger. While farts for us are mainly the result of digestion, perhaps, like the Sonoran snake, herring and beaded lacewing, we could embrace the breeze and utilise them against our enemies? Hahaha, just joking!所以看来有些动物放屁是一种进化的生存策略。 那些不那么“无声但致命”的屁可以抵御掠食者，也可以让其他人知道存在潜在的危险。 虽然放屁对我们来说主要是消化的结果，但也许，像索诺兰蛇、鲱鱼和串珠草蛉一样，我们可以拥抱微风，利用它们来对抗我们的敌人？ 哈哈哈，开玩笑啦！

Today's youth are reinventing what it means to be cool. A surprising number of Gen Zers are actively looking to the past. They are choosing to romanticise old-school tech relics like CDs, wired headphones, and weighty digital cameras. This love for all things vintage extends into their wardrobes with a massive resurgence of Y2K (year 2000) fashion. Friday nights are increasingly filled with board games and classic card games. So why exactly is the most digitally advanced generation trying so hard to rewind?当今的年轻人正在重新定义“酷”的含义。 数量惊人的 Z 世代正在积极回顾过去。 他们选择将 CD、有线耳机和笨重的数码相机等老式科技文物浪漫化。 随着 Y2K（2000 年）时尚的大规模复兴，这种对所有复古事物的热爱也延伸到了他们的衣柜中。 周五晚上越来越多地充满了棋盘游戏和经典纸牌游戏。 那么，为什么数字化最先进的一代人如此努力地尝试倒带呢？The answer lies in a desire to slow down and find comfort. Growing up as digital natives has its perks, but Profectus Magazine reveals that around 80% of Gen Z adults worry their generation is far too dependent on technology, while three-quarters feel social media is affecting their mental health. Swapping music streaming for physical CDs or endless social media scrolling for a tactile board game allows them to unplug and step away from the digital noise. 答案在于渴望放慢脚步并寻找安慰。 成长为数字原住民有其好处，但 Profectus 杂志透露，大约 80% 的 Z 世代成年人担心他们这一代人过于依赖技术，而四分之三的人认为社交媒体正在影响他们的心理健康。 将音乐流转为实体 CD，或将无尽的社交媒体滚动转为触觉棋盘游戏，让他们能够摆脱数字噪音。 This analogue revival could actually be good for everyone. Research by psychologist Dr. Clay Routledge shows that engaging with nostalgic media and traditions can dramatically boost positive moods, reduce anxiety and help people cope with daily stress. It suggests that nostalgia can act as a stabilising, hopeful force, helping a young generation build social confidence. 这种模拟技术的复兴实际上对每个人都有好处。 Research by psychologist Dr. Clay Routledge shows that engaging with nostalgic media and traditions can dramatically boost positive moods, reduce anxiety and help people cope with daily stress. 它表明，怀旧可以成为一种稳定、充满希望的力量，帮助年轻一代建立社会信心。 Yet, all of this begs a fascinating question – can a generation truly yearn for a life they never actually lived? Studies published in Profectus Magazine show that nearly 70% of Gen Z adults experience a unique kind of historical nostalgia for eras that predated their own birth. GWI, a global market research company, reports that young people are looking back at the past through rose-tinted glasses, viewing it as a time of genuine human interaction.然而，所有这一切都引出了一个令人着迷的问题——一代人真的能够向往他们从未真正经历过的生活吗？ Profectus 杂志发表的研究表明，近 70% 的 Z 世代成年人对自己出生之前的时代有一种独特的历史怀旧之情。 全球市场研究公司 GWI 报告称，年轻人正在带着有色眼镜回顾过去，将其视为真正的人际互动时代。Though there have been mixed reactions from millennials, ultimately, Gen Z's obsession with the past suggests that no matter how advanced our gadgets get, human beings may always desire a simpler way of living. For a generation that grew up entirely online, going vintage isn't just a fashion statement, it's a total vibe.虽然千禧一代的反应不一，但 Z 世代对过去的痴迷最终表明，无论我们的设备变得多么先进，人类可能总是渴望一种更简单的生活方式。 对于完全在网上长大的一代人来说，复古不仅仅是一种时尚宣言，更是一种整体氛围。

A major new exhibition in the heart of Washington celebrates the artistic achievements, of Native American women with more than 80 works of art.华盛顿市中心的一个大型全新展览展出了八十多件艺术品， 以此庆祝美国土著妇女的艺术成就。Parts of our people, Native women artists is the first exhibit of its kind, says Anya Montiel,curatorof American and Native American Women's Art and Crafts, at the Renwick Gallery of the Smithsonian American Art Museum.史密森尼美国艺术博物馆伦威克美术馆的美国和美洲土著妇女艺术与手工艺品策展人安雅·蒙蒂尔说，作为我们民族的一部分，土著女性艺术家是首类参与此类展览的人群。There have been other exhibitions in the past that have featured only Native women artists. But those exhibitions tended to future contemporary art.在过去的展览中，只有土著女性艺术家参加。但这些展览倾向于面向未来的当代艺术。So the curators of this show, they wanted to make sure that this exhibition is comprehensive, in the timespan as well as including many different artistic mediums as possible.本次展览的策展人希望确保展览内容全面，不仅在时间跨度上，还要尽可能涵盖多种不同的艺术媒介。Those mediums range from paintings, textiles and sculptures to baskets and even wearable art.这些媒介涵盖了绘画、纺织品、雕塑、篮子，甚至还有可穿戴艺术。The exhibit explores three central themes: legacy, relationship and power.该展览探索了三个中心主题：遗产、关系和权力。Legacy is really talking about continuum. A lot of these artists have learned these traditions from their ancestors.遗产实际上讨论的是连续体。这些艺术家中的许多人都是从祖先那里学习到这些传统的。Adorned with teeth from hunted elk, it took many years to gather enough to decorate a single dress.这件服饰以猎获的麋鹿牙齿作为装饰，耗费多年才收集到足够数量来点缀一整件衣裳。So you have this dress that is put together by the women of the family, but with this beautiful decoration, that really shows the legacy of the entire family.这件衣服是由家庭中的女性共同缝制，但配上这精美的装饰，真正展现了整个家族的传承。The theme of relationship represents the connection between humans and the earth.关系的主题代表了人与地球之间的联系。This one is called Wisdom of the Universe by Christi Belcourt. And it looks like beadwork, but it's actually all painting in acrylic.这幅作品名为“宇宙的智慧”，作者是克里斯蒂·贝尔考特。它看起来像是珠饰，但实际上都是用丙烯颜料绘制的。And upon closer inspection, the insects the birds and the plants are actually endangered species, and so it's really presenting to us what are we going to do about this.仔细观察可以发现，这些昆虫、鸟类和植物实际上都是濒危物种，它真的在向我们提出一个问题：我们该如何应对这一状况。The theme of power speaks to the authority of Native women within their nations.权力的主题讲述了土著妇女在她们社会内的权威。Especially for the Muscogee Creek, they are matrilineal nation. The women were the ones who made the decisions, especially about whether or not they were going to go to war.尤其是对于马斯科基民族来说，他们是母系氏族。女人们才是做决策的人，尤其是关于是否要参战的决策。Visitors did the exhibit had an emotional response.参观者对这些作品有着强烈的感触。The last piece I was just looking at how to scar from shoulder to her hip, and the trauma of the culture that has been really traumatized by another was extremely impactful.我看的最后一幅作品展示了从肩膀到臀部的疤痕，以及一种文化受到另一种文化重创所带来的伤痛 ，这极具冲击力。One over there with the girl and the scar in the back that was really powerful. I don't know. It's just like, I wanted to cry when I saw it.那边有个女孩，后背有一道伤疤，真的给我很强烈的冲击。不知道为什么，看着这幅作品我就想哭。And that's the point of this exhibit, expose people to the variety of artwork created by Native American women, who may never have received the credit they deserve.这就是这次展览的意义所在， 让人们接触到美国土著妇女创作的各种艺术品， 她们可能从未得到应有的赞誉。This exhibition has so many testaments of these women saying that, despite everything that's happened to Native women, the cultures and the traditions are still so strong.这场展览汇集了众多女性的证言，她们诉说着尽管原住民女性经历了种种磨难，但文化与传统的生命力依然如此顽强。This touring exhibit remains in Washington until May.该巡回展览将在华盛顿展出到五月。

So far,this thriving and unique coral reef in Red Sea waters off Egypt is a climate change survivor.到目前为止，埃及红海水域中这片繁茂而独特的珊瑚礁是气候变化的幸存者。While warmer waters bleach reefs everywhere, the ecosystem in the Gulf of Aqaba stands strong, and may hold the key to receding other reefs if it can survive the crowds of tourists.虽然水温上升导致全球珊瑚礁白化， 但亚喀巴湾的生态系统仍然很稳健，如果它能在游客潮中生存下来，或许就掌握着拯救其他珊瑚礁的关键。Obviously we're in a tourist town. So it's very important with this influx of humans to keep awareness high, and you know most of town relies on the dive industry.毫无疑问，这里是一个旅游小镇。随着大量游客涌入，保持高度警觉至关重要，要知道镇上大部分经济都依赖潜水产业。Amy Johnson co-founded the citizen science venture project Azraq.艾米·约翰逊是公民科学风险项目阿兹拉克(Azraq)的共同创办者。The marine conservation group educates local communities on how to protect coral reef ecosystems.海洋保护组织会教育当地社区如何保护珊瑚礁生态系统。Basically we collect data on fish, invertebrates, coral and coral diseases.我们会收集有关鱼类、无脊椎动物、珊瑚和珊瑚疾病的数据。All the data we collect gives us an insight into the health of the reef.我们收集的所有数据都能让我们深入了解珊瑚礁的健康状况。So that chosen the species, we want to chose some specifically, because that indicates the reef health.我们会选择一些特定的物种，因为它们能反映珊瑚礁的健康状况。On this day, the team dives to perform a monthly reef monitoring survey.在这一天，团队潜水执行每月一次的珊瑚礁监测调查。To conduct their research, the team places a six-meter-long line, and then logs all nearby inhabitants that indicate a healthy ecosystem.为了开展研究，研究小组放置了一条六米长的线，然后记录下附近所有能够表明生态系统健康的生物情况。Project Azraq co-founder Nour El Sawy: One of the things we look for are damselfish.阿兹拉克项目的联合创始人努尔·艾尔萨维：我们要找的东西之一就是雀鲷。They are very small and reef associated which means they live in close proximity to the coral reef. They eat the algae. They are farmers.它们非常小，与珊瑚礁关系密切，生活在离珊瑚礁很近的地方。它们吃藻类，是海洋中的农民。They make sure corals are cleans canbreatheand are not suffocating from algae growth.他们确保珊瑚得到清洁、能够呼吸，不会因为藻类的生长而窒息。Tourism draws divers to this coral reef which forms the backbone of the economy into hub.旅游业吸引潜水者来到这片珊瑚礁，它构成了当地经济的支柱。But the industry also adds to the junk piling up on the ocean floor.但该行业也使堆积在海底的垃圾不断增加。Team project Azraq has a dive against debris initiative where they collect and sort underwater trash, which they then enter into a database, that tells them which items caused the most damage in their area.阿兹拉克项目发起了一项清理海洋垃圾的潜水行动，他们收集并分类海底垃圾，然后将这些信息录入数据库，该系统能精准分析出哪些垃圾对当地生态环境造成的破坏最为严重。

In a fantasy world, a celebrity chef like Aaron Sanchez would prepare all of your meals, and use only sustainably sourced organic produce.在幻想世界里，像亚伦·桑切斯这样的名厨会为你准备所有餐食，并且只使用原料来源可持续的有机农产品。Reality is everyone has to shop for and prepare our own food at some point.现实是每个人在某个时刻都得自己去采购和准备食物。How can you be sure that you're getting the best ingredients?你怎么能确定你买到的是最好的食材呢？That those organic vegetables are in fact organic. IBM thinks the solution lies in blockchain technology.怎么能确定那些有机蔬菜真的是有机的呢？IBM认为解决方案在于区块链技术。IBM is connecting the world's food supply from farmer to producer, supplier to manufacturer.IBM正在将全球食品供应链从农民到生产商、从供应商到制造商连接起来。And so we're connecting it in a secure, shared platform which is blockchain.我们将其连接到一个安全的共享平台，即区块链。A blockchain is a decentralized digital ledger, where transactions are recorded, verified and become permanent and immutable.区块链是一种去中心化的数字账本，会记录并验证每一笔交易，并且将永久留存，不可改变。With IBM Food Trust, a record of food's journey through the supply chain is created at each step. How exactly does it work?借助IBM食物信托平台，食品在供应链中的每一步旅程都会被记录。具体是如何运作的呢？So blockchain uses cryptography and we use hashing. And what that means is the information is connected to each other, and if you try to change the information, it changes the hashing, so that you know it has been compromised.区块链使用密码学，我们使用散列算法。这意味着信息之间相互关联，如果你试图更改信息，便会更改散列值，这样你就知道信息已被篡改。And the technology can be used for any number of foods, fresh or packaged.这项技术可以用于任何数量的食品，无论是新鲜的还是包装的。So our consumer can scan a package of scallops, and understand that it's coming from a place that sustainably source, and it is fresh and the best-tasting scallops.我们的消费者可以扫描一包扇贝，了解它来自可持续捕捞的产地，新鲜味美、口感最佳。For chefs like Sanchez, blockchain technology helps engender trust around the food distribution and handling process.对于像桑切斯这样的厨师来说，区块链技术有助于在食品分销和处理过程中建立信任。Before I mean you know the farmer would send it to a middle person, a distributor, and the distributor would send it to us, so it was one entity removed from the actual farmer.以前农民会把食材交给中间商，也就是分销商，然后分销商再转交给我们，我们和农民之间隔了一个环节。A foods traceability becomes especially pertinent in the wake of foodborne outbreaks.食品溯源在食源性疾病暴发后变得尤为重要。You know, instead of decimating the whole farm because there was one outbreak, now we can isolate to that one little parcel.以前一旦爆发疫情就得毁掉整个农场，现在我们可以只将隔离范围缩小到那一小块区域。With blockchain, farm-to-table takes on a new meaning.借助区块链技术，从农场到餐桌被赋予了全新的含义。

Welsh born designer Lucy Jones says she's been interested in fashion since she was a child, starting when her parents gave her a sewing machine.威尔士出生的设计师露西·琼斯表示她从小就对时尚感兴趣，这始于父母送给她一台缝纫机的时候。When I was 19 years old, I was really feisty, fiery, brave. I thought moving all the way to New York from Wales, where there are more sheep than people.当我十九岁的时候，我真的很活泼、充满热情、非常勇敢。我想从威尔士一路搬到纽约，在威尔士，那里羊的数量甚至比人多。I wanted to be the next big designer that was gonna have these glamorous runway shows.我想成为下一个能举办这些迷人时装秀的大设计师。I was never thinking about disability. I was never thinking about, you know, underserved people. And then something changed.我从来没有考虑过残疾人群。从来没有考虑过底层人群的需求。但是事情发生了转机。With most of the fashion industry serving the average healthy person, Jones didn't want to become just one of many. She wanted to be special.由于大多数时尚业都是为普通健康人服务的，琼斯不想成为众多时尚产业中的一员。她想要与众不同。I started talking with a family member who has cerebral palsy.我开始和一位患有脑瘫的家庭成员交流我的想法。And he said wouldn't it be great if things were more accessible, you know, doing up a pair of shoes independently and things I had never thought about.他说，如果能让残疾人群的生活变得更加容易就好了， 比如独立系鞋带之类的，这些都是我从未想过的。So Jones began to think about how a fashion designer can make the lives of disabled people easier and more beautiful.于是琼斯开始思考，时装设计师如何能够让残疾人的生活变得更轻松、更美丽。She raised this question with people she knew or found through social media, one of them Brianna Scalesse who models Jones's clothes, recalls the first time she saw the product.她向认识的人或在社交媒体上找到的人提出了这个问题，其中一位是为琼斯的衣服做模特的布里安娜·斯卡利西，她回忆起第一次看到这款产品时的情景。We were in a cafe and we were sitting down, and she just like pulled the product out of a bag to show me.我们在一家咖啡馆里坐下来，她从袋子里拿出这款产品给我看，And it was emotional for me, because I've been so used to growing up and being a person with a disability, kind of being ignored by the world and by fashion.我特别激动，因为我已经习惯了作为一个残疾人的生活， 我们经常会被世界和时尚界所忽视。The release of her first collection in 2015, coincided with the 25th anniversary of the Americans with Disabilities Act.其产品的第一个系列于2015年发布， 恰逢美国残疾人法案颁布二十五周年。And her work was noticed. Jones started with accessories that she presented at a special event.其产品引起了人们的关注。琼斯从她在一场特别活动中展示的配饰开始做起。A challenge many wheelchair-bound people face is, there is nowhere to put a hot drink as they wheel. So she designed a special cup holder and a purse holder.许多坐轮椅的人面临的一个挑战是，他们在推动轮椅时无处放置热饮。。所以她设计了一个特殊的杯架和一个皮包架。Just regular purses, you know, like trying to like just throw it over your shoulder, and every time I'm rolling, it's just falling down,like into my chair.如果是普通的皮包，我们一般会这样搭在肩膀上，可每次我滑动轮椅，它就会掉到轮椅上。And after that event, a number of people from the audience, ambassadors just said, I want to invest. Her products quickly became a huge success.在那次活动之后， 许多观众和代表都纷纷表示想要投资。她的产品很快就大获成功。

A nine-to-five office job isn't for these women.朝九晚五的办公室工作不适合这些女性。Instead, they work construction and they do it for the same reasons the men do, because they find construction work more fulfilling.相反，她们从事建筑工作，她们从事该行业的原因和男人一样，因为她们觉得建筑工作更有成就感。Being able to see the bigger picture, being a part of something bigger, so driving by the building be like,建筑行业能够让我看到更宏大的愿景，成为更伟大事业的一部分，有时路过某栋建筑，我就会想，I built that building to your family, or to your kids in the future, that's kind of why I did it, just to be a part of something bigger.这是我为你们的家人、为你们未来的孩子所建造的， 这就是我从事这一行业的原因，它让我能够成为某种宏大愿景的一部分。Before they start working,these women taken mandatory training course at a special center.在开始工作之前，这些女性在一个特殊的中心参加了强制性的培训课程。And many of them say it teaches them not just to construct buildings, but also build a harmonious relationship with themselves.许多人表示，这不仅教会了她们如何建造建筑， 还教会了她们与自己建立和谐的关系。I think it's for me, personally, it's a constant battle on gaining confidence, but this job has definitely helped it.我想对我个人来说，这是一场获取信心的持续斗争， 这份工作确实对我有所帮助。I don't think I would be as confident as I am now working in another field.如果我现在从事的是另一个行业，我觉得我可能不会像现在这样自信。Today women make up about 10 percent of all construction workers in the country.如今，女性约占全国建筑工人总数的百分之十。All the workers need are a few tools, a helmet, special protective glasses, training,and self-confidence.建筑工人只需要几样工具，一顶安全帽，专用护目镜，并且要接受培训、建立自信。Kelly Kupcak has been working in construction for over two decades.凯利·卡普丘克已经在建筑业工作了二十多年。For the last three years, she has been head of the Tradeswomen organization, a company that has been helping women in Portland Oregon, to master construction work for free.在过去的三年里，她一直是Tradeswomen组织的负责人， 这家公司一直在免费帮助俄勒冈州波特兰妇女掌握建筑工作技能。Kupcak also helps them find a job, something a lot of them need because it's harder for women to break into the business.卡普丘克还帮助她们找到工作，这是许多人需要的，因为女性更难进入这一行业。I also saw some really hard things, and I experienced some really hard things as a woman, in an industry that still dominated by men, and an industry which I think is changing.作为一名女性，我目睹并且亲身经历了一些非常艰难的事情，因为我所处的行业仍然由男性主导，但我认为这个行业正在发生变化。But back then, it was still largely this very macho like, why are you here, why are you here taking my job,但在当时，这一行业很大程度上仍然是属于男人的，人们会质问：你为什么要来这里？为什么要抢走我的工作？why are you here taking a job from another man who has to feed his family, and I was like, I have to feed my family too.为什么要夺走另一个需要养家糊口的男人的饭碗？而我的回应是：我也需要养家啊。So that was a big eye-opening experience for me firsthand. 对我来说，这是一次让我大开眼界的亲身经历。

I was watching the world news of all these statues coming down and all this national attention to these iconic figures of history and what they represent and the energy and power that it generated through Black Lives Matter.我当时正在看全球新闻，看到所有这些雕像被推倒，看到全国都在关注这些具有标志性意义的历史人物以及他们所代表的意义，还有“黑人的命也是命”运动所引发的那种能量和影响力。People who are angry, people who are vandalizing and getting out all this anger and frustration of all these generations of all colors.愤怒的人们，破坏公物的人们，正在发泄不同肤色人群几代人积累的愤怒和失望。I called my tribal group. I sent them emails, "Look, something needs to happen here."我联系了我的部族亲人，给他们发电子邮件：“我们这里得采取些行动了。”Father Serra was the man who came in, in the 1700s, to start establishing those missions all along Alta California. Here we were the workforce.塞拉神父是在18世纪来到这里的人，他开始在整个上加利福尼亚地区建立那些传教站。而我们当时就是劳动力。We were the ones that, my family, my direct family, my great grandfather was part of that mission system, that mission period.我的家人，我的直系亲属，我的曾祖父曾参与过那个传教体系。They were told, "You're going build this for us and you're going to change your way of life."他们被告知：“你们要为我们建设这座城市，你们要改变自己的生活方式。”And the punishment for disobeying was physical punishment. As time went on and more people kept coming in, the diseases came in.不遵守命令的后果就是体罚。随着时间的推移，越来越多的人不断涌入，疾病也随之而来。That was a very detrimental time for us. It changed us completely and, in fact, left us to the point of near extinction.那对我们来说是至暗时刻。疾病彻底改变了我们，让我们几乎死伤殆尽。People are arguing that he isn't responsible for the cruelties and punishments and rape and genocide.人们认为，这些残酷、惩罚、奸污和种族灭绝并不是塞拉神父的责任。But he was knowledgeable and as an iconic figure of that time period, he represents all of that.但他知识渊博，是那个时期的标志性人物，他代表了这座城市里发生的一切。So, everything you see here as you look around, know that it was all Chumash land at one time and occupied for thousands and thousands of years with each village being separated from one another.你环顾四周所看到的一切，都曾经是丘马什人的土地，这里被他们占领了数千年，每个村落都被相互隔开。We want the city of Ventura to remove the statue. This statue representing the city, it really shouldn't.我们希望文图拉市拆除这座雕像。这座雕像代表了这座城市，但这座城市不应该被它代表。It should represent Catholicism and love of Jesus Christ in God in a proper setting.这座雕像在合适的情境中体现天主教教义和对基督上帝的爱。The aftermath of after he died and after sacralization, people were not set free.在塞拉神父去世以及被神化之后，人们并没有获得自由。They were in a sense, but they were still subservient to the next generation of people coming in, the pioneers.从某种意义上说，他们确实得到解放了，但他们仍然屈从于即将到来的下一代人，也就是那些开拓者。And then, you know, even today, we're still looked at and we face that prejudice and racism all my life.即便是在今天，我们仍然被另眼相看，我们一生中都会面对种族歧视和偏见。That, well, unless I look like you, otherwise I'm called the N-word, growing up. Good to see you, Father Tom.除非我也长得像白人，否则别人就会用“黑鬼”这个词来叫我。很高兴见到你，汤姆神父。I came to you first because this is the symbol of your devotion and the community, of the Catholic community that's here. It belongs to all of you.我首先来找你们，是因为这座雕像是你信仰的象征，也是我们这里天主教社区的象征。它属于你们所有人。One thing that our church and society has failed to do is to give properrecognitionand reconciliation.我们的教会和社会未能做到的一件事就是给予适当的认可和理解。But it's your land and your ancestors built that mission. And you informed me of a call for a protest to take the statue down.但这是你的土地，是你的祖先建造了那座教堂。你告诉我有人呼吁举行抗议活动把雕像拆除。And from that, we came up with a joint statement to say that we feel that it's probably time to relocate the statue.我们发表了一份联合声明，表示我们认为可能是时候迁移那座雕像了。But we want to do it with due process, with non-violence, something that can be replicated in other communities for respect and actually become a model because we could see what was happening in the nation.但是我们想走正当的程序，拒绝暴力，做一些能在其他社区得到效仿、赢得尊重的事情，并且真正成为一个典范，因为我们知道美国正在发生一些很不好的事情。Some people thought it was a great thing we signed that document. Other people thought it was the worst thing we should have done. So, we can't please all the people.有些人认为我们签署那份文件是件了不起的事，也有些人觉得我们大错特错。我们不可能让所有人都满意。The way that we want to see it, it would be the first time that City and Church and Indigenous Peoples have come together in this place.我们希望看到的是，这将是城市、教会和原住民首次在此地齐聚一堂。But ultimately it is the City of Ventura's Council that will ultimately make the decision to remove the statue.但最终，将由文图拉市议会来做出移除这座雕像的决定。

It's the slave man talented. That's the problem. That's the heart of the problem.有才华的是那些受压迫的人。这就是问题所在。这就是问题的核心。We are inclined to do the things that we do because we don't feel like there's anything else we can do.我们倾向于做那些我们正在做的事情，是因为我们觉得别无选择。According to the documentary, Hurricane Katrina, which struck New Orleans 15 years ago, exacerbated crime and violence in the city by destroying the local economy and displacing some 400,000 residents.根据纪录片所述，15年前袭击新奥尔良的飓风卡特里娜摧毁了当地经济，并使约40万居民流离失所，从而加剧了该市的犯罪与暴力问题。It changed the dynamics of the city. It changed the neighborhoods. Whole neighborhoods were washed out.它改变了城市的格局；它改变了社区的面貌。整个社区都被冲毁了。And as people came trickling in, you know, they had lost their homes, they'd lost everything.当人们陆续来到这里，他们已经失去了家园，失去了一切。Post-Katrina destruction, displacement and crime in New Orleans is also the theme of the feature film drama, RZA's Cut Throat City.卡特里娜飓风过后新奥尔良的破坏、居民流离失所和犯罪问题，也是罗伯特·菲茨杰拉德·迪格斯（RZA）执导的剧情长片《夺命城》的主题。The film starts on a positive note with Blink, one of the main characters, a graphic novel artist dreaming for a better life.电影以积极的基调开始，主角之一布林克是一位渴望更好生活的漫画艺术家。But then Katrina strikes the Lower Ninth Ward, a low-income district and upends the life of Blink and his community.但随后，卡特里娜飓风袭击了低收入社区下九区，打乱了布林克及其所在社区居民的生活。Unable to get a job or get help from the Federal Emergency Management Agency, he turns to crime.由于找不到工作，也得不到联邦紧急事务管理署的帮助，他走上了犯罪道路。One heist leads to another, making it harder and harder for Blink to get out of a hopeless situation,一个接一个的抢劫，让布林克越来越难以摆脱绝望的处境。Hopelessness during post-Katrina New Orleans is RZA's theme.卡特里娜飓风过后新奥尔良所弥漫的绝望感，正是RZA作品的核心主题。The film also describes how corruption has been plaguing the city for generations.这部电影还描述了腐败如何困扰这座城市数代人。RZA's Cut Throat City appears to be a place where dreams of poverty-stricken African-Americans come to die.《夺命城》似乎是贫困的非洲裔美国人梦想破灭的地方。Still, the filmmaker says his film ends with the redemptive note that people have the power to turn their lives around.尽管如此，这位电影制作人表示，他的影片最终以救赎性的基调收尾，即人们有能力改变自己的生活。The lotus flower grows out of mud. Okay, the community could be mud, but a flower could grow out of it.莲出淤泥而不染。社区或许如同淤泥，但花朵也能从中绽放。I think everyone deserves a second chance or at least should have the option.我认为每个人都应该有第二次机会，或者至少应该有这个选择。Katrina's always been with us, set a bunch of different names.卡特里娜一直和我们在一起，只是冠以了各种不同的名称。

Since this past February, VOA has talked toscores ofrefugees in Turkey who have tried and failed to get into Greece.自今年二月以来，美国之音采访了土耳其境内数十名试图进入希腊但失败的难民。Back then, the Turkish government was openly encouraging them to make the trip.当时，土耳其政府公开鼓励他们进行偷渡。But the Greek government has told them not to come and many refugees report being beaten, robbed, and then expelled after they arrived.但希腊政府已告知他们不要前来，许多难民称，他们抵达后遭到殴打、抢劫，然后被驱逐出境。In recent months, the stories have grown even more harrowing.最近几个月，这些故事变得更加令人痛心。Families tell of being abandoned at sea by Greek authorities on rubber boats without motors or fuel.一些家庭讲述了他们被希腊当局遗弃在海上的经历，他们乘坐的是没有发动机和燃料的橡皮艇。They dragged our rubber boat to water that seemed to be hidden by mountains and circled around us until we were bailing water out with our own hands. I thought the children would drown.他们把我们的橡皮艇拖到了似乎被群山遮挡的水域，橡皮艇在水中打着转，最后我们只能用手往外舀水。我以为孩子们会被淹死。Najma and her family were on their third attempt to reach Greece when their boat was stopped and their fuel was seized by what appeared to be Greek security forces.纳吉玛和她的家人第三次试图抵达希腊时，他们的船被疑似希腊安全部队拦截，燃油也被没收了。But they were lucky. A passenger had enough fuel hidden away to get them back to Turkey.但他们很幸运。一名乘客藏了足够的燃料，让他们得以返回土耳其。When they caught our boat, I woke up as we were dragged back into Turkish waters.当他们追上我们的船时，我们被拖回土耳其海域，我醒了过来。I wasn't scared until I thought they were going to rip open our boat with pikes.直到我以为他们会用长矛刺穿我们的船时，我才感到害怕。On a previous trip, they made it to the Greek islands.在之前的一次旅行中，他们到达了希腊群岛。But they were soon arrested and left on rafts at sea before they were rescued by the Turkish coast guard.但他们很快就被逮捕，被扔在海上的木筏上，之后才被土耳其海岸警卫队救起。The New York Times recently reported Greece has secretly expelled more than 1,000 people in recent months, abandoning many of them at sea outside of Greek territorial waters.《纽约时报》最近报道称，希腊近几个月来已秘密驱逐了1000多人，还将其中许多人遗弃在希腊领海之外的海域。But Greece has denied any illegal activity, noting that it has rescued tens of thousands of asylum seekers in recent years.但希腊否认有任何非法活动，并指出近年来希腊已经解救了数以万计的寻求庇护者。The government adds it protects European Union borders vigorously with tough but fair policies. 希腊政府补充说，它通过强硬但公平的政策大力保护欧盟边境。

The ten-centimetre-wide fossil was unearthed during an expedition to James Ross Island four decades ago.这块宽约 10 厘米的化石，是在四十年前一次对詹姆斯·罗斯岛的科学考察活动中出土的。Its discovery was recorded in a field notebook with a tiny sketch of the fossil and a note saying vertebra from a large reptile. But that was as far as the identification went, until the fossil was spotted amongst the thousands of specimens stored at the British Antarctic Survey.一本野外考察笔记记录了这块化石的发现，里面附有一幅简略的化石手绘草图，并写着这是一种大型爬行动物的椎骨。不过，对这块化石的鉴定工作当时仅止步于此，直到最近，有人在英国南极调查局保存的数千份样本中重新注意到了它。Its distinctive shape revealed it was part of the tail of a titanosaur, the largest dinosaurs ever toroamthe Earth. It dates to 82 million years ago, when Antarctica was very different to how it is today.它独特的形状显示，这块骨骼属于一只泰坦巨龙的尾部。泰坦巨龙是地球历史上已知体型最大的恐龙。这块化石距今约 8200 万年，当时的南极和它如今的面貌完全不同。It would have been covered inlushforest, providing ample food for this four-legged, long-necked dinosaur.那时的南极大陆覆盖着茂密的森林，为这种四足、长颈的巨型恐龙提供了充足的食物来源。

We've all been there. Ending up with a worse exam result than you had hoped for or expected, a friend cancelling a plan you were really looking forward to, or your favourite sports team losing a game. Disappointment is an unhappy feeling when there is a gap between your expectations and reality, when something you desired failed to materialise. It's a normal and natural reaction, but what to do? Is it best to forget about it and move on, or allow yourself to feel the feels?我们都经历过这样的情况。 最终考试成绩比您希望或预期的要差，朋友取消了您真正期待的计划，或者您最喜欢的运动队输掉了一场比赛。 失望是一种不快乐的感觉，当你的期望与现实之间存在差距，当你想要的东西未能实现时。 这是正常且自然的反应，但该怎么办呢？ 最好是忘记它并继续前进，还是让自己感受这种感觉？We often can't control what happens in life, but we can control how we respond when things don't go our way. Dr Radha Modgil, a UK family doctor and campaigner for wellbeing, says that we should take time to process the disappointment. "We can often feel the need to move on straight away or ignore our feelings, but if we take time to process them and talk them through, we can move forward in a healthier way," she says. Next, she advises us to see the opportunities. Things may not have worked out this time, but when one door closes, a different, more exciting door may have opened, in a way that may one day make you grateful for the initial disappointment. 我们常常无法控制生活中发生的事情，但我们可以控制当事情不顺利时我们如何应对。 英国家庭医生兼健康活动家拉达·莫吉尔博士表示，我们应该花时间来处理失望情绪。 “我们经常会觉得需要立即继续前进或忽略我们的感受，但如果我们花时间处理它们并讨论它们，我们就能以更健康的方式前进，”她说。 接下来，她建议我们看到机会。 这次事情可能没有成功，但当一扇门关闭时，另一扇更令人兴奋的门可能会打开，有一天可能会让你对最初的失望感到感激。 The wider the gap between expectations and reality, the greater the disappointment. Make sure your goals are realistic, not idealistic, says Dr Annette Clancy, an organisational consultant who researches emotions in the workplace. Think about what a realistic result would be, rather than the perfect one. When waiting for something significant like a job offer or test result, her advice is to not get ahead of yourself. When we anticipate a positive result, we often start imagining a future that doesn't yet exist, and if that future doesn't materialise, we then have togrieveits loss, which can be upsetting. 期望与现实之间的差距越大，失望就越大。 研究工作场所情绪的组织顾问安妮特·克兰西博士说，确保你的目标是现实的，而不是理想化的。 想想现实的结果是什么，而不是完美的结果。 当等待工作机会或测试结果等重要事情时，她的建议是不要操之过急。 当我们期待一个积极的结果时，我们常常开始想象一个尚不存在的未来，如果这个未来没有实现，我们就不得不为它的损失感到悲伤，这可能会令人沮丧。 Try not to take it personally. Disappointment might make you think, "I'm not good enough," and lead you to blame yourself, affecting your self-esteem. It may cause you to blame others, making you angry that they did not recognise your value. Dr Annette Clancy says both reactions miss the point. Instead, see disappointment as a signal that our expectations and reality are not aligned. Understanding this, she says, can be an important way to develop resilience.尽量不要往心里去。 失望可能会让你认为“我不够好”，并导致你责备自己，影响你的自尊。 这可能会让你责怪别人，让你因为他们不认识你的价值而生气。 安妮特·克兰西博士表示，这两种反应都没有抓住重点。 相反，将失望视为我们的期望与现实不一致的信号。 她说，理解这一点可能是培养韧性的重要方法。

This is an autonomous robot. It operates essentially on its own. It's on a program.这是一个自动机器人，基本上是自主运作的，内部自带写好的程序。Well, it's extremely useful because it frees up our officers to concentrate on, you know, other important community policing matters.它非常有用，因为帮我们的警员减轻了负担，让我们集中精力处理社区中其他重要的警务。It is a live monitoring system, so we are able to monitor the cameras live at the communications center.它内置了一个实时监控系统，我们可以在通讯中心实时监控它的摄像头。These are the four cameras that are positioned within the unit and it's always recording.这是四个摄像头，它们都内置于设备内，时刻都在录像。So, everywhere it goes, it's capturing all of that data. It also has a license plate reader feature which operates by this device right here.无论走到哪它都可以捕获所有数据。它还有一个车牌读取功能，通过这个设备读取。It's able to read license plates of vehicles in parking lots and it actually captures that data.它能够读取停车场车辆的牌照，并能捕获这些数据。It also has a distress button which is located here. So, somebody were to need assistance or they want to contact our communication center, they can do it by way of that distress button.它也有一个求救按钮，就在这里。如果有人需要帮助或想与通讯中心联系，他们可以直接点击那个求助按钮。And there's people that are monitoring on the other end.有警员在通讯中心那一端监控。So, the system also has the ability for a dispatcher or a monitor to get into the software and actually project communication through the robot to the person that has pressed the distress button.这个系统可以让调度员或监控员使用软件，然后通过机器人投影与求救的人进行沟通交流。If something wrong happens, the police can see it from the robot. And then the police can come and figure out what's happening to us.如果出了什么事，警察可以通过机器人摄像头看到。然后警察就会出警，看看到底发生了什么。We saw the autonomous robot in one of the conferences and we decided it might be something that could work for the parks as we've been having some concerns about safety.我们在一场会议上看到了自动机器人，正好我们一直担心周边公园的安全问题，我们觉得这个机器人可能可以用于公园巡逻。This park is the largest park in the city and it's highly used by the community, especially now during the summer.这个公园是城市里最大的公园，居民的使用率很高，尤其是现在正值夏季。So, we wanted an extra set of eyes that would help the police department in order to patrol it 24/7.我们需要这样一双“额外的眼睛”来帮我们的警署进行每天24小时巡逻。It travels the entire park. It is a programmed path but we're able to change the path and adapt it to, maybe, different activities that we become aware of.它可以在整个公园巡逻。它会按照设定好的路线巡逻，不过我们可以改变路线，也可以让它适应一些我们需要的其他活动。So, there's a person coming in. If it senses it too close, it'll stop for a moment. Good morning.有个人过来了，如果它感应到距离太近，就会暂时停下。早上好。All of this information is recorded. It's downloaded to a hard drive.所有这些信息都会被记录下来。 然后被下载到一个硬盘上。If something were to happen and we needed to go back to look at the video recording, we can always access that video also.如果发生了什么情况，我们需要倒回去看视频录像，我们随时都可以调取那段视频。Cost is around $65,000 a year. We already use different funds in order to cover it.机器人每年花费约65000美元。我们已经用了不同的资金来支付其费用。And like I said, it's a year-on-year basis. So, if we decide to renew it, it will come back to the council so we can vote on it. 我之前说过了，这是一个每年都会审核的项目，如果一年后我们决定继续使用这个机器人，议会会再次进行投票表决。

According to the National Center for Health Statistics of the United States, roughly 37 percent of US adults consume fast food on a daily basis.根据美国国家卫生统计中心的数据，美国约有37％的成年人每天食用快餐。The center found a significant rise in the number of severe obesity cases in very young children aged 2 to 5.该中心发现，在2至5岁的幼儿中，严重肥胖的病例数显著增加。Thank you so much for having us here in your home.非常感谢您在这里招待我们。Zobaida Falah on Ohio-based Muslim entrepreneur launched her snack bar company called Cure in June 2016,俄亥俄州的穆斯林企业家佐贝达·法拉于2016年6月推出了她的零食棒公司Cure，in an effort to end unhealthy food habits and raise awareness about proper nutrition and its benefits.旨在终结不健康的饮食习惯，并提高人们对合理营养及其益处的认识。To fight obesity and junk food habits, Falah created a line of organic healthy bars for all.为了对抗肥胖和垃圾食品习惯，法拉为大众打造了一系列有机健康能量棒。The idea came to her when she was teaching math and English to kids.这个想法是在她教孩子们数学和英语时产生的。I would watch my students to come into the classroom, eating chips and soda, refined sugars, bad carbs.我看着我的学生们走进教室，嘴里吃着薯片、喝着汽水，这些食物含有精制糖和劣质碳水化合物。And anytime I asked them why do you guys eat so poorly, a very common response was healthy food just doesn't taste good.每当我问他们为什么吃这些垃圾食品时，最常见的回答就是健康食物不好吃。With taste in her mind, Paula started experimenting on a unique recipe inspired by her grandmother.想到了口味的重要性，法拉开始尝试制作一款独特的食谱，灵感来自她的祖母。Ingredients include a mixture of nuts, flavorful seeds, honey and black seeds.配料包括坚果混合物、风味种子、蜂蜜和黑籽。It took off, but to this day, she still runs her business from home, meeting roughly four to six thousand orders a month.这颇受欢迎，但直到今天，她仍然在家经营生意，每月约有四千到六千份订单。Falah doesn't just want to change people's health but also tackle hunger as she donates a snack bar to the homeless for each one sold.法拉不仅想改变人们的健康状况，还想解决饥饿问题，她每卖出一份零食棒，就会向无家可归者捐赠一份。We have a social movement and mission behind the company, which means that when we first launched we would donate a bar for every bar that we sold, when we would donate it to people experiencing homelessness.我们公司背负社会运动和使命，也就是说，我们刚推出产品时，每售出一份就会向无家可归者捐赠一份。And as the company has grown and we've expanded and added new product lines to our brand, now we actually donate a percentage of all of our profits towards alleviating world hunger.随着公司发展壮大，我们拓展了业务范围并为品牌新增了多条产品线，如今我们会将一定比例的利润捐赠出去 ，用于缓解全球饥饿问题 。Falah says her company has helped more than 200,000 poor people in the U.S. and abroad, including refugees in Syria, Morocco, Palestine, and Gambia. 法拉说，她的公司已经帮助了美国及海外20多万贫困人口，其中包括叙利亚、摩洛哥、巴勒斯坦和冈比亚的难民。

On the floor of the North Atlantic Ocean rests one of history's most fantastic failures, the unsinkable RMS Titanic.北大西洋的海底沉睡着历史上最不可思议的失败之一——永不沉没的皇家邮轮泰坦尼克号。The salvage firm RMS Titanic Incorporated has so far recovered more than 5,000 pieces of dinnerware and coins from the wreckage.到目前为止，打捞公司RMS Titanic Incorporated已经从残骸中找到了五千多件餐具和硬币。They say after all these years underwater, time is running out to dredge the Marconi wireless telegraph machine that transmitted the Titanic's frantic distress calls.他们说，由于在水下沉睡了这么多年，快没有时间打捞马可尼无线电报机了，也就是泰坦尼克号疯狂求救信号的发报机。RMS Titanic Incorporated's presidents Bretton Hunchak: The roof has degraded significantly and the wreck is essentially collapsing in upon itself.RMS Titanic Incorporated的总裁布雷顿·汉查克：其船顶已经严重退化，残骸也正在不断坍塌。So we're at a point where the Marconi is really in a detrimental area, where we believe in a short period of time, it will fall in upon itself, leaving the Marconi sort of to be lost to the seafloor.我们认为马可尼无线电报机正处于一个不利位置， 我们相信在短时间内船体残骸可能会坍塌， 马可尼无线电报机可能会沉没在海底。At the time the Titanic was the world's biggest ship. The luxury ocean liner set sail from London to New York, but struck an iceberg on April 14th,1912.当时泰坦尼克号是世界上最大的轮船，这艘豪华的远洋客轮从伦敦驶往纽约，但在1912年四月十四日撞上了冰山。The ship sent distress signals in Morse code using the relatively new Marconi wireless Telegraph.这艘船使用相对较新的马可尼无线电报机用摩尔斯电码发送求救信号。Less than three hours later, it's sank. Only 700 of the more than 2,000 people on board survived.不到三个小时后，它就沉没于海底。船上两千多人中只有七百人生还。The Marconi is sort of I believe this generation's next step, and I believe that bringing a tangible part of Titanic to the masses, as opposed to just a few people they get to go see it, really makes that story real for them.我相信马可尼无线电报机是这一代人的下一个探索目标，而且我觉得，把泰坦尼克号实实在在的一部分呈现给大众，而不只是让少数人有机会去参观，能让大众真切感受到那段故事。It's a human interest piece. It's an incredible piece of technology especially for its day.这是一件充满了人情气息的物品。这是一项令人难以置信的技术，特别是在当时。And it's the reason that I think the legacy of Titanic still exists in the strength that it does.这就是我认为泰坦尼克号的遗产仍然存在于它现存残骸中的原因。But outside of the Titanic Belfast Museum, not everyone shares Hunchak's quest to raise the Titanic or even parts of it, fearing the stress of extraction on the sunken ship.但在泰坦尼克号贝尔法斯特博物馆之外， 并不是每个人都像汉查克一样支持打捞泰坦尼克号，甚至是打捞泰坦尼克号的一部分， 因为他们担心打捞会给沉船带来巨大压力。Parliamentarian Gavin Robinson: We will learn nothing new. There are other Marconi videos just exactly the same, that are present and in other museums available throughout the world.国会议员加文·罗宾逊：我们不会得到其它新的信息。还有其它完全相同的马可尼无线电报机的视频， 就存放在世界各地的其它博物馆中。You can learn and understand without the need to go in and wreck and destroy.你可以去学习和理解，没必要进去破坏。Engineers built Titanic and it's tendered the SS Nomadic in Belfast.工程师们建造了泰坦尼克号，并使其与贝尔法斯特的游牧号一起离开。Today of battle wages in the United States, where the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration argues in court that,如今基于打捞工作展开了争论， 美国国家海洋和大气管理局在法庭上辩称，the retrieval run goes against previous court orders prohibiting the removal of anything from the ship itself.打捞工作违反了之前法院禁止从船上移走任何东西的命令。

It is a nonprofit dedicated to encouraging reuse in our community, providing affordable materials to artists and teachers and all creative minds in the area.这是一个非营利组织，致力于在社区中鼓励废物再利用，为艺术家、教师和该地区所有有创造力的人提供价格低廉的材料。I learned about creative reuse centers over a decade ago, and they really sparked something in me,我在十多年前就了解了创造性再利用中心，它们真的激发了我的灵感，because I'd always been a creative reuse artist, but I didn't know there was a name for it really and there was a community for it.因为我一直是一个创造性再利用艺术家，但我不知道这种行为有名字，也不知道还有一个专门的社区。When I was a lot younger, one of the first inspirations I had was someone was throwing away this baking tin.小时候，我的一次灵感来源于这个别人扔掉的烘焙罐头。And I was like, don't throw that away, I could do something with that.我想，别扔掉，我可以用它做点什么。I didn't know what, but we drilled a hole in the middle and turned it into a clock.我也不知道能做什么，但我们在中间钻了个洞，把它变成了一个钟。I called it my cupcake clock. I like to do a lot of CD mosaics.我把它叫做纸杯蛋糕钟。我喜欢用CD打造马赛克。I did a series of all the local colleges that people seem to really like, and it's on an old like pantry door that got discarded.我用它们做了一系列当地大学的标识，大家似乎都很喜欢，这些作品被画在一扇废弃的老旧食品储藏室门上。And I also make tiny little earrings out of paper like maps, music paper, old books, things like that.我还用地图、乐谱用纸、旧书之类的做小耳环。We are just outside of Leesburg, Virginia, which is kind of the keystone of Loudoun County.我们就在弗吉尼亚州的利斯堡郊外，那里是劳顿县的重点位置。And it is a wonderful community that embraces arts and small businesses.这是一个很棒的社区，它接纳艺术和小型企业。Donations come in very willingly, all kinds of things, fabrics, sewing notions, paper, office supplies, lots of creative things that kids like to use like pompoms and buttons and pipe cleaners.捐赠物品纷至沓来，种类繁多，有布料、缝纫用品、纸张、办公用品，还有很多孩子们喜欢用的创意物品，比如绒球、纽扣和管道清洁剂。All kinds of materials that might otherwise go to the waste, we take in and we try to find a new home for them.我们回收了那些别人会扔掉的材料，并试图为它们找到新的用处。Our center attracts a wide range of people, ages and coming for all types of reasons.我们中心吸引了形形色色的人，年龄各异，来访目的各不相同。Alright Sonya, so what have you made today? I made a house like with flowers and apples and cookies. Is that where the house would go? Yes, but it is a little big.索尼娅，你今天做了什么？我用鲜花、苹果和饼干做了一座房子。这就是那个房子吗？是的，但它有点大。

The World Health Organization says unclean water, poor hygiene, and bad sanitation are linked to four percent of deaths in the world, and six percent of debilitating illnesses including cholera, dysentery, and typhoid.世界卫生组织表示，不干净的水、糟糕的卫生条件和恶劣的卫生设施与世界上百分之四的死亡 和百分之六的退行性疾病有关，这些疾病包括霍乱、痢疾和伤寒。Many charities are helping, including one group of volunteers based in California.许多慈善机构都在提供帮助，其中包括一群总部设在加州的志愿者。This is one of the drill bits. It's about four inches. This is a clay cutter.这是其中一个钻头。大约长四英寸。这是一个泥土切割机。Employing local drillers water wells for Africa has dug 230 wells in villages in Malawi, a landlocked country in Southeast Africa.他们雇佣当地钻探人员在马拉维的村子里挖了230口井，马拉维是东南部非洲的内陆国家。The group has identified 30 other sites for future wells.该组织还确定了另外三十个地点，确定了未来的水井位置。Dahlan was working for a faith-based organization in 1994, when he saw how rural Africans got their water.1994年，达岚正在为一个以信仰为基础的组织工作，当时他看到了非洲农村人口是如何获得水的。Even if you have, you know, a local river nearby, it's polluted by wild animals, livestock.即使附近有一条当地的河流，它也被野生动物和牲畜污染了。They wash in it, they drink it, they bathe in it, you know, it's their only point of water, so every open water source is contaminated.他们在河流里面洗衣服，喝那里的水，还在那里洗澡，这是他们唯一的水源地，所以每个开放的水源都受到了污染。Malawi is one of Africa's poorest nations. But Dahlan says its people are known as warm-hearted.马拉维是非洲最贫穷的国家之一。但达岚表示，这里的人民以热心著称。In fact, their slogan is we're the warm heart of Africa. And they really live up to that. We found the most hospitable people you can imagine.他们的口号是“我们是非洲的温暖之心”。他们也真的做到了这一点。这里的人们非常热情好客。He says local people form committees to keep the wells operating, a crucial component for each community plan.他说，当地人组成委员会来维持水井的运行， 这是每个社区计划的关键组成部分。So we get five key leaders, male leaders and five female leaders, you know, for not only equality purposes,我们选出五位关键领导人，五位男性领导人和五位女性领导人，这不仅是出于平等的目的，but we all know the power of women, and they're the primary water collectors, so this thing breaks down, they're gonna make sure that it gets fixed.而且我们都知道女性的力量，她们是主要的集水者，要是这东西坏了，她们会确保把它修好。He says after more than 20 years, most of the earliest wells still work.他说，二十多年后，大多数最早钻好的水井仍然会正常工作。Dahlan's group is one of many organizations providing clean water to local communities, addressing the world's other major health crisis. 达岚的组织是为当地社区提供清洁水的众多组织之一，旨在解决世界上这个主要的健康危机。

I tend to think of myself as pretty quiet and shy.我认为自己是一个安静且容易害羞的人。I like to think I have a good amount of confidence but I kind of keep it reserved. I eat lots and lots of fruits and vegetables.我认为自己其实是很有自信的，但总是不表现出来。我吃很多果蔬。As you can imagine, I waste very, very little in my household, and I really believe that clean eating is a way to a more successful life, or a happier life if you want to put it that way.正如你可以想象的那样，我在家里浪费掉的东西非常少，我真心认为健康饮食是通往更成功生活的途径，或者也可以说是通往更幸福生活的途径。You start the day with a healthy meal, I guarantee you're going to feel better throughout that day and throughout that week.如果你以健康的饮食开始新的一天，我保证，在那一天、甚至在那一周，你都会感觉更好。You'll be more motivated to do better in school, to get a better job, to maybe go workout or be more successful.你会更有动力，在学校取得好成绩，找到更好的工作，也许还会去锻炼，或者变得更成功。And so it's really unfortunate that our food system is set up so: calories are cheap, but the nutrition is expensive.很遗憾，我们的食品体系竟是如此运作：热量高的食物很便宜，但是营养高的食物却很贵。We're looking to change the face of produce to make it really accessible, really affordable for people that really need it.我们希望能够改变农产品的面貌，让真正需要它的人能够买得起。So if you walk down a grocery store aisle and you see perfect looking apple, perfect looking apple, perfect looking apple, imperfect looking apple,如果你在杂货店看到完美无瑕的苹果，也有外观有瑕疵的苹果，meaning it's too big or too small or it has a bruise on it, you wouldn't choose it in a grocery store, and that would get thrown away, right?个头太大或太小，或者表面有瘀伤，在杂货店里你不会选后者，然后它就会被扔掉。We use the perception of, it's not what it looks like, it's what it tastes like.我们秉持的理念是，重要的不是它看起来如何，而是它尝起来怎样。And even the ugly stuff tastes even better than the stuff you would find in a grocery store, because it's not processed, it doesn't have wax on it.就连那些卖相不佳的蔬果，尝起来也比超市里买到的更美味，因为它们未经加工处理，表面也没有打蜡。It's straight out of the grounds, right? So it's even fresher and it tastes even better than the stuff you find in a grocery store.它是直接从地里采摘的，所以比你在杂货店里看到的那些产品更新鲜，味道更好。So our company is called Hungry Harvest. We have three different options.我们公司的名称叫做Hungry Harvest。我们有三种不同的选择。We have an organic, we have a recovered box, and we have an all fruit option.有有机食品，有可回收的盒式产品，还有全水果产品。We sell produce with purpose. We hire people that were formerly in prison.我们带着目标销售农产品。我们雇佣曾经坐过牢的人。We've hired people that were formerly injured or were sick, that are living in homeless shelters that were really looking to get back on their feet, and for a second chance in life. 我们雇佣那些以前受过伤或者是生病的人，他们无家可归，住在收容所里，希望自己能够重新振作起来，获得人生的第二次机会。

It is a trip to the spa unlike anything Remy Meraz has experienced. It was really like I was on vacation.这次水疗经历与雷米·米拉兹以往经历过的都不一样。感觉我真的像是在度假一样。Meraz picks a location she wants to experience. Then she gets geared up with a virtual reality headset.米拉兹选择了一个她想体验的地方，然后戴上了虚拟现实耳机。She has the massage chair adjusted to her size and intensity preference, and sinks in for a virtual vacation. And an immersive multi-sensory experience begins.她根据自己的身材和强度偏好调整好了按摩椅，并沉浸在虚拟度假中。 一场身临其境的多感官体验开始了。A fan, infrared heat, and aromatherapy with scents in the air are all triggered, when the user enters the virtual world in their headset.当用户进入头显中的虚拟世界时，会触发风扇、红外线加热器和带有香味的空气芳香疗法。Your mind processes the sense, it processes the warmth, it processes for, you know, the tropical treat, the wind from the fans, and so you really believe you're in these environments.你的大脑处理着感官信息，处理着温暖的感觉，处理热带的感觉，以及风扇吹来的风，你真心相信自己置身于这些环境中。The heat lamp gives users the feeling of the Sun's warmth on their face, or in front of a cozy fireplace.加热灯让用户的脸上能感受到阳光的温暖，或感觉像在舒适的壁炉前一样。In addition to this cabin on a cold winter's day, other experiences include a calm pool in Morocco, and even an outerspace experience.除了这个寒冬中的小屋，还有其它度假体验，包括摩洛哥的宁静泳池，甚至还有外太空体验。Meraz chose a trip to the forest waterfalls.米拉兹选择了去森林瀑布旅行。I could smell the aroma of what it would feel like in a forest. It was, you know, woodsy sense. I could feel cool air blowing on me.我能闻到森林里的香气。就像是那种身处树林间的感觉。我能感受到迎面吹来了凉爽的风。These virtual locations still do not look quite like video of a real place.这些虚拟的地点看起来仍然不太像真实的场景。And for some users, the headset does make it tough to get a good neck massage.对于一些用户来说，戴着耳机确实让他们很难获得良好的颈部按摩体验。But for Meraz, she got the ultimate proof of relaxation.但对于米拉兹来说，她得到了充分的放松。There are three different points where I almost fell asleep.有三个地方我差一点就要睡着了。Currently the 35-dollar mini vacation is only available in Los Angeles.目前，35美元的迷你假期仅在洛杉矶提供。The goal is to license this virtual experience to other cities, so hotels, spas, and offices can give people a quick escape from the stresses of the real world. 目标是将这种虚拟体验授权给其他城市，这样酒店、水疗中心和办公室就能让人们快速逃离现实世界的压力。

This is in Cambodia when kids are seeing water come out of the ground for the first time in their lives. Also in Cambodia.这是在柬埔寨，孩子们有生以来第一次看到水从地下冒出来。这还是在柬埔寨。This is in Indonesia where women who were watching their kids suffer from malnutrition.这是在印度尼西亚，妇女眼睁睁看着自己的孩子饱受营养不良之苦。These are salt workers which is one of the toughest jobs and it mostly is done by young girls and women.这些是盐工，这是最艰苦的工作之一，主要由年轻女孩和妇女完成。And I was with them, you know, with a health organization because the salt takes a terrible toll on their little bodies.我当时和她们在一起，和一个健康组织一起，因为盐对他们幼小的身体造成了严重的伤害。Annie Griffiths has thousands of photographs she has taken all around the world, one of the first female photographers at the famous national Geographic magazine.安妮·格里菲思在世界各地拍摄了数千张照片，是著名的《国家地理》杂志首批女摄影师之一。In the span of 45 years, she has traveled to over 150 countries and all seven continents.在45年的时间里，她去过150多个国家，足迹遍布七大洲。I've always felt that being a woman was an advantage in my job, both initially getting into photo journalism, and then recognizing that I had half the world pretty much to myself.我一直觉得，作为女性在我的工作中是一种优势，无论是最初进入新闻摄影领域，还是后来意识到我几乎独享了半个世界。I spent about five years doing projects in the Middle East, and many parts of the Middle East and many aspects of their culture are gender separate.我花了大约五年时间在中东做项目，中东的许多地区及其文化的许多方面都是性别分离的。I think that is judged often by the western world, but there again is an opportunity to actually look at it from the women's point of view.我认为西方世界常常对此作出评判，但实际上这也是一个从女性视角去看待它的机会。The women caught by Griffiths' camera survived natural disasters and migrations, discrimination, war, epidemics and famine.格里菲斯镜头捕捉到的这些女性经历了自然灾害、迁徙、歧视、战争、流行病和饥荒后幸存了下来。But she says despite it all, they keep the traditions alive, raise children,grieveand just leave.但她说，尽管经历了这一切，他们依然让传统得以延续，养育子女，承受悲伤，然后悄然离去。So the stories I focus on are where women have found solutions.我关注的故事是女性找到解决办法的地方。It's usually because they come together as a group, and as a group they figure out how to do something better.通常是因为他们以团队形式聚集在一起，并且作为一个团队，他们共同想出如何把事情做得更好。They're the ones planting millions of trees. They're the ones who are you know staying till the last minute after the men leave, and then shepherding their children and sometimes their parents.她们种植了数百万棵树。她们会在男人离开后，一直坚守到最后一刻，照顾她们的孩子，有时也照顾她们的父母。She believes women don't like being victims, and remain hopeful in the grimmest of circumstances.她认为女性不喜欢成为受害者，并且在最严峻的情况下仍保持着希望。And that was the reason why Griffiths decided to found the charity projectRippleEffect Images that founds programs for women in developing countries.这就是格里菲思决定创办慈善项目“RippleEffect Images”的原因，该项目旨在为发展中国家的女性设立各类援助计划。The idea came to her nine years ago when Griffiths saw the data from the United States Agency for International Development on humanitarian aid.九年前，当格里菲思看到美国国际开发署有关人道主义援助的数据时，这个想法便在她脑海中萌生了。Two cents out of every American aid dollar went to programs for women, so 98 went to men's programs.每1美元美国援助资金中，只有2美分用于女性项目，其余98美分则用于男性项目。So I literally called my girl friends who are some of the best photographers in the world, and said, "Look, why don't we learn from the women we observe in the wider world?"我打电话给我那些身为世界顶级摄影师的女性朋友们，然后说：“我们为什么不从在更广阔世界中观察到的女性身上学习呢？”They reported raising over 10 million dollars just in those first six years. So it works you know when you humanize a situation.她们报告说仅仅在最初的六年里就筹集了超过1000万美元。当你将情况人性化处理时，这是行得通的。So you don't talk about the women of Morocco. You show a woman from Morocco and you see the light in her eyes.你不用去谈论摩洛哥的女性，你只要展示一位摩洛哥女性，然后你就能看到她眼中的光芒。But work is not all Griffiths focuses on. She is the mother of two children, and from the very start she promised herself to never part with them for more than two weeks.但工作并非格里菲斯生活的全部。她已是两个孩子的母亲，从最初她就向自己承诺，绝不与孩子们分开超过两周。Most of her work trips with National Geographic lasted at least three months.她在《国家地理》工作时的大部分行程至少持续了三个月。So like their mother, Griffiths's children saw dozens of countries and met thousands of people.像他们的母亲一样，格里菲思的孩子们游览了几十个国家，结识了成千上万的人。I've been traveling with my mom since I was just in her belly, so we've picked up a few stories over the years.从我还在妈妈肚子里的时候起，我就和她一起旅行了，这些年来我们积累了不少故事。We've been to some really remarkable places, feel real highlights over the years.这些年来，我们去过一些非常了不起的地方，真切地感受到了那些精彩时刻。I think that the Middle East is always gonna be really special to me.我觉得中东对我来说永远都会非常特别。In 2008, Griffiths published a book of photo memoirs called A Camera, Two Kids and a Camel that focused on how to reach harmony between work, family and the whole wide world.2008年，格里菲思出版了一本名为A Camera, Two Kids and a Camel的摄影回忆录，该书聚焦于如何在工作、家庭和整个世界之间达成和谐。