Podcasts about room description

弗朗茨•约瑟夫的贴身侍卫就守候在这个厅。他们在这里守卫通向皇帝房间的入口。 您的右边是一个陶瓷暖气炉，同宫殿里面的所有暖炉一样，它没有开口，因为房间的外面有一条生暖的通道。从外面（以木材）生暖，这样既不影响皇室成员的日常生活，又保持了室内的卫生，到19世纪改为用管道输送热风生暖，这一设施一直使用到1992年才取消。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

We are now in the Guards’ Room. The personal guard of Emperor Franz Joseph was stationed in this room to keep watch over the entrance to the emperor’s apartments. To your right is a ceramic stove, which like all the others in the palace was stoked (originally with wood) from a passage running behind the walls of the rooms, so that the imperial family was not disturbed and to reduce the amount of dirt. In the 19th century a steam heating system was installed which was in use until 1992. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

台球厅是等待皇帝接见的地方。皇帝弗朗茨•约瑟夫一周有两次接见。台球在弗朗茨•约瑟夫祖父的时代就已经流行宫廷，在这里主要是给军官们用来消遣的。 三面墙上都有巨幅油画，中间的那幅再现了1758年玛丽亚•特蕾莎勋章第一次颁发的情形。玛丽亚•特蕾莎勋章是女皇建立的帝国最高军事勋章。左边和右边的油画分别记录了该勋章建立一百年纪念活动的盛况——弗朗茨•约瑟夫当时在大节日大厅举行了一个盛大宴会，并在宫廷花园中举行了盛大的接见仪式。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

This room served as a waiting room for people attending an audience with Emperor Franz Joseph. Imperial audiences were held twice a week. The billiard table, which belonged to Franz Joseph’s grandfather, Emperor Franz I of Austria, was used by army officers to pass the time. On the walls you can see three large paintings. The central painting depicts the first awarding of the Order of Maria Theresa in 1758. Founded by Maria Theresa, this was the monarchy’s first order of merit and one of the highest honours bestowed by the imperial dynasty. The paintings on the left and right commemorate the centennial anniversary of the order‘s foundation. Franz Joseph held a magnificent banquet in the Great Gallery of the palace as well as a reception in the park to mark the event. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

This room gets its name from the precious walnut panelling, which together with its gilded ornamentation and the console tables belongs to the original Rococo décor from the time of Maria Theresa. The chandelier dates from the 19th century. It was in this room that Franz Joseph received individuals who had requested an audience. People would come for an audience in order to thank the monarch for the award of an honour, to lodge a request, or to present themselves on receiving an official position. Franz Joseph would receive up to a hundred people in a morning and was famous for his phenomenal memory, never forgetting a name or a face. These audiences lasted for a few minutes and were brought to an end when the emperor inclined his head slightly. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

这个厅因其护壁镶板为珍贵的核桃木而得名。镀金的装饰和参议壁桌是玛丽亚•特蕾莎时代的罗可可风格，大型枝性吊灯则是十九世纪的杰作。 弗朗茨•约瑟夫在这里接见来访者。他们来是为了感谢皇帝的嘉奖，或是为了一个请求，或是得到任命后来自我介绍。弗朗茨•约瑟夫一个上午能够接见上百人。他对人名和他们的相貌有超凡的记忆力，一旦见过一次，他就不会忘记，这在当时出了名。皇帝点点头，接见就算结束了。一次接见只有几分钟。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

弗朗茨•约瑟夫18岁登基，是一个非常有责任感的皇帝。他每天有庞大的工作计划，早上5点已经开始工作，整天都在您的右手边的这张写字桌边度过，看着公文的同时，早餐和午餐就在桌边用，一生如此，不愧是国家的第一公务员。 弗朗茨•约瑟夫的周围多是家庭成员的油画和照片，还有他的孩子和孙子送给他的礼物。巨幅油画之一是弗朗茨•约瑟夫33岁的时候画的，另外一幅是他的皇后伊丽莎白，是一个以小名茜茜成为传奇人物的皇后。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

Franz Joseph ascended the Austrian imperial throne when he was only eighteen. He dealt with a phenomenal amount of work each day: starting before five o’clock in the morning, he spent the day at his desk, which you can see here on the right, where he worked diligently through the files put in front of him. He even had his breakfast and lunch served to him at his desk. This was how the first public servant of his state, as he liked to describe himself, spent most of his time. The emperor was uninterested in having his rooms done up in sumptuous style. He was content to surround himself with private paintings, photographs of his family and keepsakes given to him by his children and grandchildren. One of the two large portraits shows Franz Joseph at the age of 33, while the other depicts his wife, Empress Elisabeth, who was called Sisi in the family, a name that has come to encapsulate the enduring myth of this tragic empress. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

Running to a strict schedule, the emperor’s daily routine began at four o’clock in the morning. After rising and performing his ablutions in cold water the emperor, who was a strict Catholic, said his morning prayers kneeling on the praying stool which you can see to the left of the bed. The iron bedstead is further evidence of the emperor’s rather Spartan lifestyle. Franz Joseph died in this bed at the age of 86 in 1916, after a reign of 68 years, amidst the turmoil of the First World War. The painting on the easel shows the emperor on his deathbed. During the course of his long life, the emperor had suffered numerous blows of fate: his eldest daughter, Sophie, died at the age of two, and his brother Maximilian, emperor of Mexico, was executed by revolutionaries. This was followed by the tragic suicide of his only son, Rudolf, and the assassination of Empress Elisabeth by an Italian anarchist. At the exit to this room, on the left-hand side after the door, is the emperor’s lavatory. It was installed “on the English system” for Franz Joseph in 1899. The next three rooms belonged to the suite occupied by Empress Elisabeth. The Stairs Cabinet was used by Empress Elisabeth as her study, where she kept up her extensive correspondence and wrote her diaries and her poetry. From here a spiral staircase, which was removed after the fall of the monarchy, led down to the empress’s private apartments on the ground floor. The Dressing Room is devoted to the beauty regime of the empress. Elisabeth was considered to be one of the most beautiful women of her time, and was well aware of this. Her beauty regime and sporting activities to preserve her slender figure dominated the empress’s daily routine, with the care of her magnificent ankle-length hair occupying several hours a day. Please go through this room and enter Room 9, the Bedroom of Franz Joseph and Elisabeth. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

皇帝的一天从卧室开始，按照严格的时间计划：早上4点钟起床，用凉水盥洗后，在床边的小祈祷凳上，开始一个虔诚天主教徒一天的第一次祷告。他的床是军用铁板床，反映了奥地利皇帝朴素的生活作风。1916年，第一次世界大战最混乱时期，86岁高龄的弗朗茨•约瑟夫，执政68年以后，在这张床上去世。画架上的肖像是他刚去世时的形象。弗朗茨•约瑟夫一生经历了很多命运的打击：他的大女儿2岁时夭折，他的弟弟马克西米廉，在墨西哥做了三年的皇帝被当地的革命军枪决了，他唯一的儿子鲁道夫自杀了，他的妻子、皇后伊丽莎白被一个意大利无政府主义分子刺杀身亡。 这个房间出口的左手边是皇帝的厕所，是1899年按照“英国样式”为皇帝安装的。 下面的三个小厅属于皇后伊丽莎白的房间。 皇后在写字间（旋梯阁房间7）写信，记日记，写诗歌。这个房间原来有个小楼梯通向皇后在一楼的房间，帝国结束后，旋梯被拆除。 盥洗梳妆间（房间8）是皇后专门为自己美容护理设计的。 伊丽莎白是她的时代最美的女人之一，对此她非常自信，为了保持自己苗条的身材，美容护理和体育运动成了她每天生活的重要内容；梳理她那浓云般的秀发常常需要好几个小时。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

1854年，弗朗茨•约瑟夫同他年仅十六岁的表妹伊丽莎白结为伉俪，这个房间是为他们新婚大典设计的洞房。弗朗茨•约瑟夫一生都很崇拜自己的这个表妹——但是否得到了对方的回报又另当别论了。 伊丽莎白从一开始就对宫廷生活的僵化感到不满，从厌倦到抵抗，她渐渐成长为一个有高度自觉的女性。她我行我素地生活，长期在外旅游，在维也纳驻留的时间很少。1898年9月，伊丽莎白皇后61岁的时候，在日内瓦被一名意大利的无政府主义分子用一柄三角锉刀刺死。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

In 1854 Franz Joseph married his cousin Elisabeth, who was just sixteen years old at the time. This room was furnished and decorated as their bedroom on the occasion of their wedding. Franz Joseph worshipped his wife all his life. Whether this affection was returned to the same degree remains a matter of speculation. Elisabeth rejected the rigid etiquette of court life from the very beginning and over the course of the years developed into a self- confident woman. She led an independent life, travelling extensively, and in later life was rarely to be seen in Vienna. In September 1898, at the age of 61, Elisabeth was stabbed to death with a file by the Italian anarchist Luigi Lucheni in Geneva. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

这是伊丽莎白接见厅，象牙白和金色的护壁镶板夹以丝绸的墙面，华贵优雅的家具都给这个厅带来豪华的气派。镜子前的立钟有两个钟面，读时间不仅可以从前面的钟面，还可以从镜子里看到。 墙上的色粉画值得关注，它们都出自18世纪名家之手，其中包括日内瓦画家利奥达尔，他是女皇玛丽亚•特蕾莎喜爱的一个画家。 暖炉左边的肖像是玛丽亚•特蕾莎最小的女儿玛丽•安东内特，画面上她身穿猎装，1770年十五岁的时候嫁给了法国后来的国王路易十六，这门婚姻原来是为了缓和波旁王朝和哈布思堡家族之间由来已久的矛盾。1793年，在法国大革命中，她被送上了断头台。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

The atmosphere of this room, which served Elisabeth as a reception room, is determined by the white and gold panelling, pale silk wall hangings and the sumptuous Neo-Rococo furniture. The clock in front of the mirror has a second mirror-image face so that it can also be read in the reflection. Note the pastel portraits dating from the 18th century – they are of Maria Theresa’s children and were executed by famous artists, among others by the Genevan painter Liotard, whose work Maria Theresa was particularly fond of. The painting to the left of the stove shows Maria Theresa‘s youngest daughter, Marie Antoinette, in hunting dress. In 1770, at the age of fifteen, she was married to the heir to the French throne, later King Louis XVI, in a bid to end the age-old enmity between France and the Habsburg dynasty. Marie Antoinette was executed on the guillotine in 1793 during the course of the French Revolution. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

This room was used as the family dining room. Imperial family dinners followed strict court ceremonial, and the table was always festively set with gilded centrepieces decorated with flowers, fruit and sweetmeats. At official dinners French cuisine was served, but for family dinners Franz Joseph preferred traditional Viennese dishes such as schnitzel, beef goulash, boiled fillet of beef or the famous “Kaiserschmarren” (shredded sweet pancakes with raisins). In order to be able to serve the food when it was warm and freshly-made, it was transported from the wing containing the court kitchens to the imperial apartments in heated boxes and kept warm in an adjoining room in warming ovens fuelled by coal and, later on, gas. The emperor sat at the centre of the table, with the empress opposite him on the rare occasions she was present. As Elisabeth often fasted in order to preserve her slender figure she seldom attended family meals. Family dinners usually began at six o’clock in the evening and consisted of three to six courses. The dining service on the table has been loaned by the Imperial Silver Collection in the Vienna Hofburg, where a wealth of treasures in porcelain and silver is exhibited. The exhibits include the gold cutlery and condiment set of Maria Theresa as well as the personal service of Empress Elisabeth, among many other fascinating objects. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

这个厅原来是皇家餐厅，家庭晚餐严格按照宫廷礼仪进行，每天都布置得节庆一般，桌子的中央是花果金盘，上面盛放花、果和甜品。正式的晚宴是法国菜，家庭晚餐是维也纳菜，弗朗茨•约瑟夫最喜欢的菜肴是维也纳炸猪排、红烧牛肉、炖小牛肉和著名的皇帝蛋酪。为了让饭菜保持温热和新鲜，侍从得用暖箱将饭菜从厨房一一带到这里，然后在隔壁的房间用木炭或是汽炉加热后呈上餐桌。皇帝坐在桌子的中间，他的对面坐着皇后，如果她碰巧在家的话。伊丽莎白吃得很少，为了保持身材苗条，她常常还不吃东西，所以家庭晚宴她常常缺席。平常的家庭晚餐6点开始，由3到6样菜组成。 桌上的餐具是从皇宫的宫廷银器馆借来的，那里珍藏并展出原宫廷的金银陶瓷餐具器皿，其中包括伊丽莎白用过的餐具和女皇玛丽亚•特蕾莎的实金餐具。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

这个厅的画像全部是玛丽亚•特蕾莎的女儿们的肖像。她生了11个女儿，大部分在非常年轻的时候就因为政治的原因远嫁他国。 在您的左手，门边上的肖像是玛利亚•克丽思汀娜，她是玛利亚•特蕾莎最心疼的女儿，也是唯一获得母亲允许，自己选择爱人结婚的女儿，她的丈夫是萨克森－泰森公爵，维也纳阿尔贝蒂纳博物馆的创建人。 通过开着的门，您能看到一个盥洗间，这是1917年为哈布斯堡的最后一个皇后琦妲装修的。门框右边的肖像是玛丽亚•特蕾莎的小女儿玛丽•安东内特。离开这个房间前，不要忘记早餐厅。 早餐厅的墙上装饰是由玛丽亚•特蕾莎的母亲，皇后伊丽莎白•克莉斯汀亲手完成的。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

The Children’s Room is decorated with portraits of Maria Theresa’s daughters. Most of her eleven daughters were married off at a young age for political reasons. On the left just beside the door is the portrait of Marie Christine, Maria Theresa’s favourite daughter. The only one of her daughters allowed to marry for love, her husband was Albert of Saxony-Teschen, the founder of the Albertina. Here you can look into the bathroom which was installed for Zita, the last Habsburg empress, in 1917. Before you leave the next room you can look into the Breakfast Cabinet. The appliqué work in the medallions decorating the walls was executed by Elisabeth Christine, the mother of Maria Theresa. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

从这个厅开始，我们开始参观美泉宫朝向花园一边的房间。这个房间的色粉画是利奥达尔的作品，画的是平民的孩子，画风非常写实，同宫廷肖像相比，在下一个厅您会看到，那些玛丽亚•特蕾莎的孩子们的肖像是何等的不一样。那里还有一幅玛丽亚•特蕾莎为匈牙利女王装束的肖像，是宫廷画家马丁•凡•梅顿的作品。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

The Yellow Salon is the first room in the apartments on the side of the palace facing the gardens. It contains remarkable pastel paintings by the Genevan artist Liotard which show realistic depictions of children from middle class families. They contrast starkly with the typical courtly portraits of Maria Theresa’s children, examples of which you can see in the next room. There you can also see a portrait of Maria Theresa in a blue gown by the court painter Martin van Meytens. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

玛丽亚•特蕾莎用这个厅来举行家庭宴会或小型的音乐会。 1762年，年仅6岁的神童音乐家莫扎特就是在这里为女皇演奏了他的第一场音乐会。第一曲奏完，骄傲的莫扎特父亲这样写道，“小沃尔夫冈一下跳到陛下的怀里，搂住她的脖子，重重地亲了一口。” www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

The Mirrors Room was used for family celebrations during Maria Theresa’s reign, among other occasions for small concerts. In 1762 this room saw the first concert given by the six-year-old Mozart to the empress. After the performance, according to his proud father, “Wolferl jumped onto her majesty‘s lap, threw his arms around her neck and smothered her with kisses”. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

这个厅和下面的三个厅是根据著名风景画家约瑟夫•罗沙命名的。左边第一幅是瑞士阿尔皋地区的一个城堡废墟，那里是哈布斯堡家族的发源地。 玛丽亚•特蕾莎的肖像是画家马丁•凡•梅顿的作品。玛丽亚•特蕾莎是一个精力异常充沛的女人，她的父亲去世后，为了保持主权独立和家族的领土完整，她不得不同半个欧洲打仗。在她的统治期间，她的丈夫弗朗茨•斯蒂芬当选为神圣罗马帝国的皇帝。这个皇帝丈夫的兴趣完全不在政治上面，而是对自然科学和金融充满兴趣，统治国家的事务他都让他的太太处理。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

Like the two following rooms, this room is named after Joseph Rosa, the painter of the landscapes that hang here. The first painting to the left of the door you have just come through depicts the Habichtsburg in Aargau in Switzerland, which is the ancestral seat of the Habsburg dynasty. Here you can see the portrait of Maria Theresa by the court painter Martin van Meytens. Maria Theresa was an unusually energetic woman; after the death of her father, she succeeded in defending her Habsburg inheritance against half of Europe in the War of the Austrian Succession. She ruled over the Habsburg Hereditary Lands, while her consort, Franz Stephan of Lorraine, was Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. Franz Stephan devoted himself to his private interests, which included natural sciences and economy, leaving political affairs to his wife. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

You are now in the Great Gallery, which was used by the imperial family for balls, receptions and banquets. More than 40 metres long and almost ten metres wide, the Great Gallery formed the ideal setting for festive events at court. Decorated with crystal glass mirrors, gilt stuccowork and ceiling frescos, it represents a sumptuous example of Rococo art. The frescos are by the Italian painter Gregorio Guglielmi and represent a glorification of Maria Theresa’s rule. In the central fresco we see Franz Stephan and Maria Theresa enthroned and surrounded by the personifications of a ruler’s virtues together with Allegories of the Crown Lands of the monarchy. The two large carved and gilded wooden chandeliers used to take 70 candles each before the palace was electrified in 1901. Since the end of the monarchy the Great Gallery has been used for concerts. In 1961 it was also the setting for the historic encounter between President Kennedy and the Soviet premier Khrushchev. The Small Gallery lies on the side of the palace facing the gardens. It was used for name day and birthday celebrations and offers a wonderful view of the park and the Gloriette, which was built during Maria Theresa’s reign on the crest of the rise opposite the palace. During recent restoration work the Small Gallery had its original glossy white finish dating from the 19th century restored. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

大节庆大厅是整个宫殿的中心，是举行皇家舞会、国事觐见和大型宴会的地方。 厅长40米，宽近10米，是宫廷大型活动的理想场所。水晶玻璃的镜子，描金的天顶浮雕和雕像使大厅成为典型的罗可可装饰风格的完整艺术品。 天顶画是意大利画家格里哥里奥•古格埃弥的大作，表现的是玛丽亚•特蕾莎统治时期帝国的繁荣景象。 中间的那幅画上，女皇和她的丈夫在画面的中央，四周的人物造型象征统治者高尚的品格，外围的人物造型代表哈布斯堡家族的世袭领地极其丰富的资源。巨大的镀金木雕枝性吊灯可以同时点燃70只蜡烛。1901年美泉宫通电后，电灯代替了蜡烛。 奥匈帝国结束后，这里成为音乐会的场所和国际首脑会晤的地方。1961年，美国总统肯尼迪和前苏联国家领导人赫鲁晓夫就是在这里举行了他们历史性的会面。 小节庆厅与大节庆大厅相连，主要用于家庭庆典，如生日、命名日晚会、宴会等。通过窗户，您可以看到下面的宫廷花园以及远处高坡上巴洛克风格的观景亭，它建造于玛丽亚•特蕾莎执政时期。 在最近的一次修缮中，小节庆厅重新获得19世纪是那种乳白色光亮的墙面。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

小节日大厅的两侧各有一个中国厅。右边是圆形中国厅，左边是椭圆形中国厅。 十八世纪的欧洲各国宫廷热衷于中国和日本的艺术，玛丽亚•特蕾莎不惜重金从远东进口亚洲艺术品，用于宫廷装潢，这两个厅可以说是这一时代风格最典型的代表作。描金的白色护壁镶板中镶嵌大小不同的中国漆画板，镀金边框的支柱上托放着中国的青花瓷瓶。此外，这两个厅的拼花地板也是杰出的艺术品，材料都选用了名贵木料，如紫檀、桃木等。 这两个小厅曾是女皇举行秘密会议和打牌娱乐的地方。就是在小圆厅，她同她的国务外交大臣考尼茨常常举行秘密商谈。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

Rooms known as the Chinese Cabinets flank the Small Gallery: on the left is the Oval Chinese Cabinet and on the right, the Round Chinese Cabinet. Maria Theresa was extremely fond of the contemporary fashion for Chinese and Japanese art. In both cabinets precious Chinese lacquer panels are set into the white wooden wainscoting. Their gilt frames develop into little consoles or brackets supporting examples of blue and white porcelain. The parquet flooring of both rooms with its ornate inlay work is also remarkable. The two cabinets served as rooms for playing cards and as conference rooms. Maria Theresa used the Round Chinese Cabinet for secret state conferences and meetings with her state chancellor, Prince Kaunitz. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

大厅得名于正墙左边的那幅油画。画面表现的是宫廷贵妇人和淑女的马戏游戏场面。1743年，在宫廷冬季跑马场，玛丽亚•特蕾莎为庆祝从法国和巴伐利亚手里重新夺回布拉格举行的马戏游戏。冬季跑马场在今天是著名西班牙骑术学校的白马表演马术的地方。画面的中央是玛丽亚•特蕾莎同她的宫廷女官们，她自己骑着一匹白马。左边的画像是玛丽亚•特蕾莎的父亲，皇帝卡尔六世，他身着华丽雍容的西班牙宫廷服装。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

The Carousel Room owes its name to the large oil painting hanging on the left. It depicts the Ladies‘ Carousel held by Maria Theresa in the Winter Riding School of the Hofburg in 1743 to mark the recapturing of Prague in the War of the Austrian Succession. This Winter Riding School, today known as the Spanish Riding School, is still the setting for performances by the famous Lipizzan stallions. Here Maria Theresa rides on a Lipizzaner at the centre of the picture, followed by her ladies-in-waiting. To the left is a portrait of Maria Theresa’s father, Emperor Charles VI, wearing a sumptuous Spanish coat-dress. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

礼仪大厅在玛丽亚•特蕾莎时代主要用于小型庆典仪式，如婚礼和洗礼仪式。这个大厅的系列巨幅油画纪录的是玛丽亚•特蕾莎的大儿子约瑟夫同帕尔马公主伊莎贝拉的婚礼大典。 最大的油画展现了新娘的98辆礼车进入维也纳的壮观场面，每辆车上都有不同贵族的族徽，它们代表了当时欧洲最大的贵族。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

During the reign of Maria Theresa the Hall of Ceremonies was used for smaller ceremonial festivities and to celebrate occasions such as christenings or weddings. The cycle of paintings hanging in this room depicts the wedding celebrations held on the occasion of the marriage of Maria Theresa’s eldest son and heir, Joseph, to the Bourbon princess Isabella of Parma. The cycle includes what is probably the most well-known portrait of the monarch depicting her as the “First Lady of Europe” in a sumptuous gown of Brabant bobbin lace. To the left, the largest of these paintings shows the bridal procession with a train of 98 carriages. All the wedding guests, which included the entire high aristocracy of Europe, can be identified by the coats of arms on their carriages. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

The Blue Chinese Salon was decorated with these 18th-century hand-painted rice-paper wall hangings at the beginning of the 19th century. This room was the setting for the historic negotiations that culminated in the renunciation by Karl I, the last emperor of Austria, of participation in the affairs of government on November 11th 1918. The following day saw the proclamation of the Republic of Austria, marking the end of more than six centuries of Habsburg rule. However, since Karl refused to abdicate from the throne, he and his family were forced to go into exile. He died on the island of Madeira in 1922, aged only 35; his wife Zita lived until 1989 and was buried in the imperial crypt as the last empress of Austria. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

蓝色中国沙龙虽然是19世纪的装潢，但用的是18世纪从中国进口的高级墙纸。 这个厅有着重大的历史意义。1918年11月11日，在这个厅，奥地利的最后一个皇帝卡尔一世、弗朗茨•约瑟夫的一个侄孙，签署了退出政府、放弃行政权利的声明书。第二天，奥地利共和国宣告成立，哈布斯堡六百余年的统治历史也告结束。但由于卡尔一世并没有宣告正式退位，因此必须带领家人离开奥地利，流亡异国。1922年，35岁的卡尔病死在葡萄牙的马代拉岛。他的妻子琦妲1989年去世，被作为奥地利的最后一个皇后埋葬在维也纳一区的皇家陵墓。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

The Vieux-Laque Room was remodelled by Maria Theresa as a memorial room to her beloved husband, Franz Stephan, who died unexpectedly in 1765. Black lacquer panels from Peking were set into the walnut wainscoting and embellished with gold frames. After Franz Stephan‘s death, Maria Theresa wore mourning for the rest of her life. A note was found in the empress’s prayer book after her death on which she had noted the length of her happy marriage, right down to the precise number of hours. Maria Theresa also commissioned three paintings for this room: in the middle is a portrait of Franz Stephan by Pompeo Batoni, who also painted the double portrait of Joseph II and his brother Leopold which was done in Rome in 1769. On the table in front of Joseph, who is standing on the right, lies a copy of Montesquieu’s Esprit des lois, one of the key works of the Enlightenment. The ideas of the Enlightenment underlay all the young emperor’s endeavours and reforms. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

玛丽亚•特蕾莎的丈夫在1765年突然去世，为了安慰哀思，追忆心爱的丈夫，她特命将这个厅改装。从北京进口的漆画板被镶嵌在桃木墙面中间并装饰以镀金的花边。丈夫死后，玛丽亚•特蕾莎就再也没有脱下寡妇装。在她去世以后，人们在她的祈祷书里面找到这样一张纸条，上面记录了她同丈夫在一起度过的每一个幸福的时刻。 这个大厅的其他两幅油画也是玛丽亚•特蕾莎的命画作品，中间是他的丈夫弗朗茨•斯蒂芬，去世四年后由意大利画家庞佩奥•巴托利画于1769年；同年在罗马，这位画家还画了约瑟夫二世和他的弟弟利奥波德的画像。画面上面对观众的是约瑟夫，那时他已经登基做了皇帝。画中桌上的书是孟德斯鸠的《法律的精神》，启蒙运动时期最重要的文献之一，是年轻皇帝热衷并熟读 的一本书。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

Both the walls and the armchairs in this room are covered in Brussels tapestry dating from the 18th century. The tapestries on the walls depict market and harbour scenes while the chairs are upholstered with tapestries representing the twelve months of the year. The following room, which was the study of Archduchess Sophie (Room 34) was part of the apartments of Franz Joseph’s parents, Archduke Franz Karl and Archduchess Sophie, who resided here in the 19th century. Sophie was an ambitious mother who energetically and successfully pursued her aim of putting her son on the Habsburg throne. She was also his most important political advisor – contemporaries described the archduchess as the “only man at the Viennese court”. Her relations with her daughter-in-law, Empress Elisabeth, who was also her niece, were tense, and she was one of the main reasons why Sisi always felt ill at ease at the Viennese court. Elisabeth frequently complained about the way her mother-in-law constantly kept her in check, treating her as if she were child. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

这个厅得名于墙上巨大的比利时壁毯和座椅上的织锦绷面，18世纪的艺术杰作，画面展现的是集市和码头的景观，座椅织锦则是对一年中十二个月的写照以及十二星座的描绘。 下面的一个小厅是大公爵夫人索菲的写字间（房间34）。19世纪，这几个房间属于弗朗茨•约瑟夫的父母，大公爵弗朗茨•卡尔和大公爵夫人索菲，这个小厅是他们的套间的一部分。索菲是个要强并且强有心计的女人，她不仅成功地培养了自己的儿子成为皇帝，还是他政治生活中不可缺少的顾问，被称为“维也纳宫廷唯一的男人”。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

这个厅有一系列哈布斯堡帝王的肖像。左边是利奥波德二世，女皇玛丽亚•特蕾莎的第二个儿子，约瑟夫二世去世后继位。他的旁边是他的儿子弗朗茨，神圣罗马帝国的最后一个皇帝，弗朗茨二世，于1806年，在拿破仑战争的困境中，不得已宣布神圣罗马帝国寿终正寝，同时宣告奥地利帝国的成立，成为奥地利的皇帝弗朗茨一世。他将自己的大女儿玛丽•路易丝嫁给了拿破仑，二女儿利奥波丁娜嫁给了巴西皇帝，前面画架上的肖像便是；紧接着的两幅肖像是皇帝费迪南和他的皇后安娜。老百姓称他为“好人费迪南” ，他有癫痫病，不能独立执政，大权操握在素有“欧洲马车”美称的梅特涅的手中，这个人有出色外交才能，曾一度领导欧洲政治。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

The portraits in this room show the emperors from the end of the 18th century, starting with Maria Theresa‘s son Leopold II, who followed Joseph II on the throne. Beside him is his son Franz, the last Holy Roman Emperor. In 1806, under pressure from the military victories won by Napoleon, he dissolved the Holy Roman Empire and proclaimed the Empire of Austria. Thus Franz II became the first emperor of Austria as Franz I. Following the Habsburg tradition of pursuing alliances by marriage to acquire influence and territory rather than by waging war, he married his eldest daughter Marie Louise to Napoleon, and his second daughter Leopoldine to the emperor of Brazil. Her portrait is displayed here on the easel. The other portraits show Emperor Ferdinand and his wife Maria Anna. Ferdinand was the eldest son of Emperor Franz and was popularly known by the affectionate nickname of “Ferdinand the Kind-hearted”. He was epileptic and incapable of ruling. The real ruler of the Austrian monarchy during that period was State Chancellor Metternich, who was known as the “coachman of Europe” for the way he controlled European policy with his skilful diplomatic manoeuvrings. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

The Rich Room is named after the only surviving bed of state from the Viennese court. It was made at the time of Maria Theresa’s wedding and originally stood in Maria Theresa’s private apartments in the Vienna Hofburg. The wall hangings with embroidered architectural elements also belong to this bed of state with its draperies of red velvet and gold and silver embroidery. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

“帝国厅”是因了维也纳宫廷唯一留存的帝国彩床而得名，是玛丽亚•特蕾莎订婚时定做的，原来一直放在维也纳皇宫她的个人房间里面。红色的天鹅绒墙饰、盘锦绣金的图案和丝织窗帘上的建筑图案与大彩床形成美妙的呼应。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

19世纪，这个厅和相连的沙龙是弗朗茨•约瑟夫的父亲的住房。 墙上的油画将我们再次带回到玛丽亚•特蕾莎的时代。宫廷画家马丁•凡•梅顿绘制的最著名的家庭画像，皇帝弗朗茨•斯蒂芬和玛丽亚•特蕾莎在他们的孩子们中间。 这对帝王夫妻一共生了16个孩子（11个女孩，5个男孩），其中只有11个长大成人。画面上的孩子缺少两个还未出生的和三个已经夭折的。一个帝王家庭最重要的任务之一是尽量多的生育后代，以保证朝代的延续。 家庭画像对面有一系列女人的肖像，她们在玛丽亚•特蕾莎生活中扮演过最重要的角色。镜子的右边是她的母亲伊丽莎白•克丽思汀，左边是她幼年时的教师和晚年的心腹弗克斯伯爵夫人，她对这个女人非常信赖，以至于最后将她葬在皇家陵墓。 www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

Together with the adjoining salon, this room was part of the suite occupied by Archduke Franz Karl, the father of Franz Joseph, in the 19th century. The paintings again take us back to the reign of Maria Theresa. The famous family portrait by Martin van Meytens shows Emperor Franz Stephan and Maria Theresa surrounded by their off-spring. The imperial couple had 16 children – eleven daughters and five sons – of whom eleven survived into adulthood. Missing from the painting are two children who were born later and three who had already died. One of the main duties of a ruling family was to produce as many heirs to the throne as possible in order to ensure the continuation of the dynasty. Opposite the family portrait are likenesses of the women who played an important role in the life of Maria Theresa. To the right of the mirror is her mother, Elisabeth Christine, and on the left is Countess Fuchs, once the governess and later the close confidante of the monarch. As an expression of her attachment Maria Theresa had her buried in the imperial tomb in the crypt of the Church of the Capuchin Friars, the only imperial court servant to be accorded this honour. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.