Podcasts about habsburg

Want to know What meal ended the House of Habsburg and was said by Voltaire to have changed the destiny of Europe? The risks associated with foraging, and what milk thistle might be an antidote for? Listen to find out!Send a text

Wij Europeanen hebben de afgelopen tachtig jaar afgeleerd waar we in de eeuwen daarvoor nog zo intens mee bezig waren. Oorlog voeren. Met de Europese samenwerking namen we afscheid van de geschiedenis. Oorlog was iets van anderen en bij anderen. Als Europeanen slaagden we er in conflicten op te knippen in technische compromissen en zo keer op keer te depolitiseren. Zelfs het gedurige geklaag over die technocratie, de slappe compromissen en 'te weinig democratie' hoorde bij de succesvolle lessen uit die historie. Maar de geschiedenis is terug, zij beukt onstuitbaar op onze deur. Caroline de Gruyter schreef er een boek over: Zondagskinderen. Ze is te gast bij Jaap Jansen en PG Kroeger. *** Deze aflevering is mede mogelijk gemaakt met donaties van luisteraars die we hiervoor hartelijk danken. Word ook vriend van de show! Heb je belangstelling om in onze podcast te adverteren of ons te sponsoren? Zend ons een mailtje en wij zoeken contact. *** Het debat over de regeringsverklaring van Rob Jetten zal ongetwijfeld gaan over dilemma’s in de sociale zekerheid en met de begroting gaan, maar zijn kabinet kon weleens voor grotere geopolitieke uitdagingen en keuzes geplaatst worden dan geen eerdere ministersploeg sinds de val van de Muur. Jetten en zijn team zullen geen 'zondagskinderen’ meer zijn. De Franse denker Raymond Aron zei het al: "Connaître le passé est une manière de s'en liberer", noteert De Gruyter. Wie het verleden kent, kan zich ervan bevrijden. Want de oorlog in Oekraïne is veel meer dan die in Joegoslavië destijds 'onze oorlog'. Dat hier de rol van Rusland als koloniaal imperium een cruciaal verschil vormt, werd eigenlijk pas vier jaar geleden een nieuw besef. De gevolgen voor de Europese Unie zijn ingrijpend, maar zien we dat al scherp genoeg? Keer op keer zien we dat crises ertoe leiden dat de urgentie zo hoog wordt, dat alleen oplossingen op bovennationaal niveau een uitweg vormen. Jean Monnet had dat al door in 1951 bij de oprichting van de Europese Gemeenschap voor Kolen en Staal. Jacques Delors bij de val van de Muur met de Interne Markt. Angela Merkel bij de pandemie en de vluchtelingencrisis en nu staat de EU voor een vergelijkbare uitdaging omdat de Verenigde Staten noch Rusland een betrouwbare partner meer is. De veiligheidsgaranties die wij Oekraïne willen geven, geeft Kyiv de facto ook aan ons, zoals Volodymyr Zelensky fijntjes opmerkte tijdens de veiligheidsconferentie in München. Eigenlijk gaat alles zo op de schop. Ook de Frans-Duitse as. Ineens is niet Frankrijk de militaire, geopolitieke actor, maar treedt Friedrich Merz zo op. Ineens zou de radicaal-rechtse Jordan Bardella zich kunnen ontpoppen als een soort Giorgia Meloni in Parijs. Ineens worden nieuwe organisaties ingericht om de nieuwe uitdagingen het hoofd te bieden: een EU-Veiligheidsraad, een soort Europese Defensiegemeenschap - die in 1954 zo tragisch mislukte - en supranationale vormen van hightech militaire industrie. De Gruyter ziet één land dat hier allang de knop heeft omgezet. Eigenlijk kón Finland nooit anders, wilde het overleven. Of het nu hybride aanvallen, manipulaties via fake news of militaire en politieke intimidatie betreft, de Finnen waren er altijd tegen bewapend. Dat zij meteen de kans grepen toen ze EU-lid en recent ook NAVO-lid konden worden, is voor hen vanzelfsprekend. ‘Se-cu-ri-ty’ zoals een Fin het wat hem betreft allesoverheersende motief formuleerde. Dat juist nu president Alexander Stubb als een heldere, invloedrijke stem op het wereldtoneel klinkt kan dan ook niet verrassen. Hij kan als geen ander uiteenzetten hoezeer Europeanen anders moeten gaan denken over de nieuwe realiteit. Volgens De Gruyter laat de weerklank van Zelensky's moed en van Stubbs betoog zien dat veel Europese burgers al veel verder zijn dan vele nationale leiders durven denken. Dat de Litouwse oud-premier Andrius Kubilius net zo optreedt als Stubb kan evenmin verbazen. Zijn kleine Baltische land heeft nog erger geleden onder Russisch koloniaal imperialisme dan Finland. De Gruyter wijst op iemand die dit aspect al decennia geleden agendeerde: Otto von Habsburg. De kleinzoon van de laatste keizer in Wenen kende als geen ander de wortels van de machtspolitiek van de 18e en 19e eeuw en de rol van Rusland als koloniaal imperium. Kubilius probeert als Eurocommissaris voor defensiesamenwerking die lessen te vertalen naar het Europa van onze tijd. Een Europa dat mentaal en materieel nog maar net is wakker geschud. De Gruyter diepte dit uit met een van diens meest invloedrijke adviseurs achter de schermen, Klaus Welle, een Duitser die ook dicht bij Merz staat. Die wijst erop dat een aantal EU-lidstaten die met Duitsland altijd argwanend stonden tegenover gezamenlijke initiatieven zoals 'eurobonds' nu 180 graden gedraaid zijn. Van de lange tijd nogal eurosceptische Deense premier Mette Frederiksen tot de van nature conservatieve Bundesbank. Alleen het kabinet-Schoof wilde er officieel niets van weten. Ook hier een majeure uitdaging voor Jetten en zijn ploeg. Dilan Yesilgöz (Defensie) en Tom Berendsen (Buitenlandse Zaken) zullen in Europa, in de NAVO en breder geopolitiek minstens zo offensief en doelgericht moeten gaan werken als Jetten en Eelco Heinen (Financiën). De Europese Veiligheidsraad in opbouw, de 'E6' van de grote economieën in Europa en de bouw van een eigen Europese pijler binnen de NAVO zullen veel van hen vergen. Onberekenbare onrust rond de Caraïben in ons koninkrijk niet minder, wellicht. Want pogingen vanuit de MAGA-hoek om de EU te splijten en te vervangen door een losse federatie van Orbánachtige patriottische staten laten één ding zien. Net als het Kremlin is Donald Trumps Amerika bang voor een EU als succesverhaal; als model van effectieve samenwerking. Dat compliment mag ons aan het denken zetten, zegt Caroline de Gruyter. *** Verder lezen Caroline de Gruyter - Zondagskinderen (De Geus, 2026) *** Verder luisteren Hoe verder met Europa? 71 - Caroline de Gruyter: 'Brexit maakt Europa sterker' - De EU als het Habsburgse Rijk van onze tijd https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/43edd541-d5b5-43dd-a574-1399b6ba05bb 378 - Dertig jaar na 'Maastricht' is Europa toe aan een nieuwe sprong voorwaarts https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/329dfa50-7d58-4642-b29f-febc346d5a3f 427 - Europa wordt een grootmacht en daar moeten we het over hebben https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/84273d61-0203-4764-b876-79a25695bed1 447 - Als Trump wint staat Europa er alleen voor https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/eee9ebfb-042b-4753-b70d-a48e915b5beb MAGA en geopolitiek 494 - Trumps aanval op de geschiedenis en de geest van Amerika https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/ec4b170a-05a9-4af3-9010-c0986376dd3a 484 - Hoe Trump chaos veroorzaakt en de Europeanen in elkaars armen drijft https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/c725d191-aa05-46ff-946f-de0d951a94ab Macron en Merz 566 - Emmanuel Macron, de nieuwe Baron von Munchhausen https://omny.fm/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/566-emmanuel-macron-de-nieuwe-baron-von-munchhausen 492 – Macrons Europese atoombom https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/74f5b1d5-4824-482a-a504-704904c8b021 490 – Duitslands grote draai. Friedrich Merz, Europa en Nederland https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/8bac6adf-1b0e-49f1-8a4a-8340c99c6db3 419 - Europa kán sterven - Emmanuel Macrons visie op onze toekomst https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/329dfa50-7d58-4642-b29f-febc346d5a3f Europa en NAVO-toekomst 265 - Toetreding tot de NAVO, de reuzensprong van Finland https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/80367ddc-452c-4890-b79a-e8f74dfd1ac8 404 - 75 jaar NAVO: in 1949 veranderde de internationale positie van Nederland voorgoed https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/4debd5ed-7488-4dd5-bdbb-61374459c4ab 413 - "Eensgezind kunnen we elke tegenstander aan." Oana Lungescu over Poetin, Trump, Rutte en 75 jaar NAVO https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/c2b2b09b-bba3-45b6-999c-3f844dcfa76a Jettens uitdaging 559 - Schaken op drie borden tegelijk https://omny.fm/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/559-schaken-op-drie-borden-tegelijk 558 – Poetins rampjaar, Jettens kans https://omny.fm/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/558-2025-was-voor-poetin-een-rampjaar-2026-wordt-rob-jettens-kans 528 - ‘Europa, ontwaak!’ Manfred Weber en de eenzaamheid van Europa https://omny.fm/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/528-europa-ontwaak-manfred-weber-en-de-eenzaamheid-van-europa-en-vicepremier-vincent-van-peteghem-over-belgi-en-nederland *** Tijdlijn 00:00:00 – Deel 1 00:34:29 – Deel 2 01:07:15 – Deel 3 01:33:29 – EindeSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

What does the Non-Aligned Movement look like on a plate? Starting with a series of informal dinners in Rijeka and expanding into various events and workshops, Kevin Kenjar (University of Rijeka) pays homage to the Non-Aligned Movement through exploration and fusion of various culinary traditions coming from its numerous member states. In this episode, he reflects on Naan-Aligned Cooking and, with Jelena Đureinović (RECET), explores the tradition of non-alignment through food and cooking. Kevin Kenjar is a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Rijeka as part of the ERC project “REVENANT: Revivals of Empire: Nostalgia, Amnesia, Tribulation,” where his research spans a number of sites, particularly in the post-Habsburg and post-Ottoman borderlands. He earned his PhD in Anthropology at UC Berkeley, specializing in Linguistic and Sociocultural Anthropology. His dissertation, which was 300 year micro history of a single street corner in Sarajevo, is the basis of his forthcoming book, “The Street Corner that Started the 20th Century.”

Dürnstein in der Wachau ist heute ein idyllischer Ort an der Donau – Weinberge, Burgruine, UNESCO-Welterbe. Doch im Winter 1192 wurde dieser unscheinbare Platz zum Schauplatz europäischer Machtgeschichte. Hier wurde einer der berühmtesten Herrscher des Mittelalters festgesetzt: Richard Löwenherz – König von England, Kreuzfahrer, Legende.Was folgte, war kein Ritterdrama, sondern ein ökonomischer Schock: ein Lösegeld von rund 100.000 Mark Silber – nach heutigen Maßstäben 10 bis 20 Milliarden Euro.In dieser Folge fragen wir nicht nur:Wie kam es zur Gefangennahme Richards?Welche Rolle spielte der Babenberger Leopold V. von Österreich?Und warum kehrte Richard als freier Mann zurück – während England geschwächt blieb?Sondern vor allem: Was hat all das mit dem Aufstieg der Habsburger zu tun?Wir zeigen:Warum der Dritte Kreuzzug (1189–1192) Europa destabilisierteWie die Abwesenheit von Königen Machtlücken schufWarum Österreich durch das Lösegeld erstmals strukturell aufgewertet wurdeUnd weshalb diese Entwicklung entscheidend war, als Jahrzehnte später Rudolf I. von Habsburg nach der Königswürde griffDürnstein ist kein Habsburger-Ort. Aber es ist ein Ort, an dem die Saat für das spätere Habsburgerreich gelegt wurde. Passende Folgen zur Vertiefung:#001 - Tod in Speyer

Prague entered the First World War as the third city of the Habsburg empire, but emerged in 1918 as the capital of a brand new nation-state, Czechoslovakia. In Streetscapes of War and Revolution: Prague, 1914–1920 (Cambridge UP, 2024), Dr. Claire Morelon explores what this transition looked, sounded and felt like at street level. Through deep archival research, she has carefully reconstructed the sensorial texture of the city, from the posters plastered on walls, to the shop windows' displays, the badges worn by passers-by, and the crowds gathering for protest or celebration. The result is both an atmospheric account of life amid war and regime change, and a fresh interpretation of imperial collapse from below, in which the experience of life on the Habsburg home-front is essential to understanding the post-Versailles world order that followed. Prague is the perfect case study for examining the transition from empire to nation-statehood, hinging on revolutionary dreams of fairer distribution and new forms of political participation. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Prague entered the First World War as the third city of the Habsburg empire, but emerged in 1918 as the capital of a brand new nation-state, Czechoslovakia. In Streetscapes of War and Revolution: Prague, 1914–1920 (Cambridge UP, 2024), Dr. Claire Morelon explores what this transition looked, sounded and felt like at street level. Through deep archival research, she has carefully reconstructed the sensorial texture of the city, from the posters plastered on walls, to the shop windows' displays, the badges worn by passers-by, and the crowds gathering for protest or celebration. The result is both an atmospheric account of life amid war and regime change, and a fresh interpretation of imperial collapse from below, in which the experience of life on the Habsburg home-front is essential to understanding the post-Versailles world order that followed. Prague is the perfect case study for examining the transition from empire to nation-statehood, hinging on revolutionary dreams of fairer distribution and new forms of political participation. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

Prague entered the First World War as the third city of the Habsburg empire, but emerged in 1918 as the capital of a brand new nation-state, Czechoslovakia. In Streetscapes of War and Revolution: Prague, 1914–1920 (Cambridge UP, 2024), Dr. Claire Morelon explores what this transition looked, sounded and felt like at street level. Through deep archival research, she has carefully reconstructed the sensorial texture of the city, from the posters plastered on walls, to the shop windows' displays, the badges worn by passers-by, and the crowds gathering for protest or celebration. The result is both an atmospheric account of life amid war and regime change, and a fresh interpretation of imperial collapse from below, in which the experience of life on the Habsburg home-front is essential to understanding the post-Versailles world order that followed. Prague is the perfect case study for examining the transition from empire to nation-statehood, hinging on revolutionary dreams of fairer distribution and new forms of political participation. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/military-history

Prague entered the First World War as the third city of the Habsburg empire, but emerged in 1918 as the capital of a brand new nation-state, Czechoslovakia. In Streetscapes of War and Revolution: Prague, 1914–1920 (Cambridge UP, 2024), Dr. Claire Morelon explores what this transition looked, sounded and felt like at street level. Through deep archival research, she has carefully reconstructed the sensorial texture of the city, from the posters plastered on walls, to the shop windows' displays, the badges worn by passers-by, and the crowds gathering for protest or celebration. The result is both an atmospheric account of life amid war and regime change, and a fresh interpretation of imperial collapse from below, in which the experience of life on the Habsburg home-front is essential to understanding the post-Versailles world order that followed. Prague is the perfect case study for examining the transition from empire to nation-statehood, hinging on revolutionary dreams of fairer distribution and new forms of political participation. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/anthropology

Prague entered the First World War as the third city of the Habsburg empire, but emerged in 1918 as the capital of a brand new nation-state, Czechoslovakia. In Streetscapes of War and Revolution: Prague, 1914–1920 (Cambridge UP, 2024), Dr. Claire Morelon explores what this transition looked, sounded and felt like at street level. Through deep archival research, she has carefully reconstructed the sensorial texture of the city, from the posters plastered on walls, to the shop windows' displays, the badges worn by passers-by, and the crowds gathering for protest or celebration. The result is both an atmospheric account of life amid war and regime change, and a fresh interpretation of imperial collapse from below, in which the experience of life on the Habsburg home-front is essential to understanding the post-Versailles world order that followed. Prague is the perfect case study for examining the transition from empire to nation-statehood, hinging on revolutionary dreams of fairer distribution and new forms of political participation. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/eastern-european-studies

Prague entered the First World War as the third city of the Habsburg empire, but emerged in 1918 as the capital of a brand new nation-state, Czechoslovakia. In Streetscapes of War and Revolution: Prague, 1914–1920 (Cambridge UP, 2024), Dr. Claire Morelon explores what this transition looked, sounded and felt like at street level. Through deep archival research, she has carefully reconstructed the sensorial texture of the city, from the posters plastered on walls, to the shop windows' displays, the badges worn by passers-by, and the crowds gathering for protest or celebration. The result is both an atmospheric account of life amid war and regime change, and a fresh interpretation of imperial collapse from below, in which the experience of life on the Habsburg home-front is essential to understanding the post-Versailles world order that followed. Prague is the perfect case study for examining the transition from empire to nation-statehood, hinging on revolutionary dreams of fairer distribution and new forms of political participation. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Prague entered the First World War as the third city of the Habsburg empire, but emerged in 1918 as the capital of a brand new nation-state, Czechoslovakia. In Streetscapes of War and Revolution: Prague, 1914–1920 (Cambridge UP, 2024), Dr. Claire Morelon explores what this transition looked, sounded and felt like at street level. Through deep archival research, she has carefully reconstructed the sensorial texture of the city, from the posters plastered on walls, to the shop windows' displays, the badges worn by passers-by, and the crowds gathering for protest or celebration. The result is both an atmospheric account of life amid war and regime change, and a fresh interpretation of imperial collapse from below, in which the experience of life on the Habsburg home-front is essential to understanding the post-Versailles world order that followed. Prague is the perfect case study for examining the transition from empire to nation-statehood, hinging on revolutionary dreams of fairer distribution and new forms of political participation. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts.

This week, we're kicking off a two-part series on Charlotte of Belgium (sometimes known as Carlota of Mexico) while sipping on a Ranch Water. In Part One, we meet Charlotte as a beloved child turned purpose-driven young woman, then follow her whirlwind courtship with Archduke Maximilian of Austria and her arrival at the rigid Habsburg court. If that court sounds familiar, it's because we've been here before — this is the same world that made life miserable for Empress Elisabeth of Austria (Sisi), married to Emperor Franz Joseph. Charlotte, however, seems to understand the assignment, quickly becoming everything a Habsburg princess is supposed to be… even as her marriage quietly begins to unravel. From whispered affairs in Italy to a voyage that breaks her marriage beyond repair, Charlotte's story takes a sharp, devastating turn. And just when it seems like things couldn't get worse, a knock at the door offers an unexpected — and dangerous — new role: Empress of Mexico. Cheers

What's not to love about John Henderson's 1996 family adventure, Loch Ness? Hannah, Mick, and Jen have no notes. Okay, they have a few. Like what kind of academic specialism has you hunting mythical creatures? What would a Habsburg prehistoric sea-beast look like? How hot is fixing a tap? And what's Rod Stewart's big beef? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

fWotD Episode 3196: Friedrich Wilhelm von Seydlitz Welcome to featured Wiki of the Day, your daily dose of knowledge from Wikipedia's finest articles.The featured article for Tuesday, 3 February 2026, is Friedrich Wilhelm von Seydlitz.Friedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von Seydlitz (3 February 1721 – 8 November 1773) was a Prussian officer, lieutenant general, and among the most renowned of the Prussian cavalry generals. He commanded one of the first Hussar squadrons of Frederick the Great's army and is credited with the development of the Prussian cavalry to its efficient level of performance in the Seven Years' War. His cavalryman father retired and then died while Seydlitz was still young. Subsequently, he was mentored by Frederick William, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt. Seydlitz's superb horsemanship and his recklessness combined to make him a stand-out subaltern, and he emerged as a redoubtable Rittmeister (cavalry captain) in the War of Austrian Succession (1740–1748) during the First and Second Silesian Wars.Seydlitz became legendary throughout the Prussian Army both for his leadership and for his reckless courage. During the Seven Years' War, he came into his own as a cavalry general, known for his coup d'œil, his ability to assess at a glance the entire battlefield situation and to understand intuitively what needed to be done: he excelled at converting the king's directives into flexible tactics. At the Battle of Rossbach, his cavalry was instrumental in routing the French and Imperial armies. His cavalry subsequently played an important role in crushing the Habsburg and Imperial left flank at the Battle of Leuthen. Seydlitz was wounded in battle several times. After the Battle of Kunersdorf in August 1759, he semi-retired to recover from his wounds, charged with the protection of the city of Berlin. He was not healthy enough to campaign again until 1761.Frederick rewarded him with Order of the Black Eagle on the field after the Battle of Rossbach; he had already received the Pour le Mérite for his action at the Battle of Kolin. Although estranged from Frederick for several years, the two were reconciled during Seydlitz's final illness. Seydlitz died in 1773, and Frederick's heirs included his name on the equestrian statue of Frederick the Great in Berlin, in a place of honor.This recording reflects the Wikipedia text as of 00:09 UTC on Tuesday, 3 February 2026.For the full current version of the article, see Friedrich Wilhelm von Seydlitz on Wikipedia.This podcast uses content from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Visit our archives at wikioftheday.com and subscribe to stay updated on new episodes.Follow us on Bluesky at @wikioftheday.com.Also check out Curmudgeon's Corner, a current events podcast.Until next time, I'm standard Russell.

Schloss Possenhofen am Starnberger See ist mehr als ein idyllischer Ort bayerischer Sommerfrische. Es ist der Schlüssel zum Verständnis einer Frau, die selten im Rampenlicht stand – und doch das 19. Jahrhundert dynastisch, familiär und emotional entscheidend geprägt hat: Herzogin Ludovika in Bayern.In dieser Folge von Habsburg to go! begeben wir uns an das Ufer des Sees und erzählen die Geschichte einer Frau zwischen zwei großen Häusern Europas: den Wittelsbachern und den Habsburgern.Ludovika war Tochter eines Königs, Schwester der Kaisermutter Sophie, Tante von Kaiser Franz Joseph I. – und Mutter von Elisabeth, der späteren Kaiserin von Österreich und Königin von Ungarn. Doch Ludovika war keine Herrscherin. Sie war Beobachterin, Gestalterin im Hintergrund, eine emotionale Scharnierfigur einer Epoche, in der Pflicht fast immer über Gefühl stand.Wir sprechen über:ihre frühe, politisch unmögliche Liebe in Wieneine Ehe, die mehr Ordnung als Nähe botPossenhofen als bewussten Gegenentwurf zum höfischen Lebendie Prägung ihrer Kinder – allen voran Elisabeth (Sisi)und den dramatischen Moment von Bad Ischl 1853, der alles veränderteDiese Folge erzählt keine Märchenromanze, sondern eine leise, kluge Lebensgeschichte: über Selbstbehauptung ohne Macht, über Nähe ohne Illusionen – und über einen Ort, an dem man atmen konnte, während Europa unter Kronenlast stand. Eine Folge über Herkunft, Verantwortung und die Frage, was Kronen wirklich kosten. +++

W drugiej części rozmowy o historii czeskiego koncernu Škoda dochodzimy do momentu, w którym zaczął zajmować się tym, z czym jest kojarzony przez większość do dzisiaj - czyli produkcją samochodów. A działo się to wszystko w okresie międzywojennym. Właśnie upadek imperium Habsburgów i skurczenie się w związku z tym rynków zbytu wymusiło na koncernie zbrojeniowo-przemysłowym znaczne poszerzenie asortymentu.Tak jak i tydzień temu, tak i teraz przewodnikiem po historii koncernu, którego serce biło w Pilźnie, jest Karol Machi, historyk motoryzacji z wrocławskiego ośrodka Pamięć i Przyszłość. Z jego opowieści dowiecie się m.in. o tym, że nim Škoda zaczęła robić Škody, produkowała np. steampunkowe parowe śmieciarki. I że wejście na motoryzacyjny rynek, dzięki przejęciu firmy Laurin i Klement, wcale nie było takie łatwe.Jest też o tym, jak w promocji samochodów spod znaku oskrzydlonej strzały pomógł - powiedzmy - pierwowzór rajdu Paryż Dakar czy wyprawa Rapidem na przylądek Dobrej Nadziei i z powrotem. Zahaczamy też o inwestycje Škoda w przemysł lotniczy i wyjaśniamy, co ta marka ma wspólnego z popularnym Jelczem "Ogórkiem".Zahaczamy też oczywiście o czas niemieckiej okupacji, kiedy to zarząd nad zakładami przejął koncern Reichswerke Hermann Göring a podwozie czechosłowackiego czołgu lekkiego stało się bazą dla przypominającego karalucha niszczyciela czołgów Hetzer.W kolejnej części opowieści, której możecie spodziewać się w najbliższym czasie, ale raczej nie za tydzień, skupimy się na czasach powojennych i samochodach. Chociaż, oczywiście, nie tylko.W rozmowie odnoszę się do wcześniejszych odcinków Czechostacji, które znajdziecie tutaj:O skodzieO pojazdach Laurin i KlementO Tatrze w trzech odsłonach - 1 2 3O bombardowaniach czeskich miast przez AliantówO powojennych wypędzeniach czeskich Niemców***Jeśli podcast Wam się podoba i chcecie pomóc go rozwijać, możecie zostać Patronami lub Patronkami Czechostacji w serwisie Patronite. W tym tygodniu zdecydował się na to:MarcinBardzo Ci dziękuję

Der Tod des Kronprinzen traf Habsburg bis ins Mark. Das Unvorstellbare war eingetreten, niemals sollte sich die österreichische Erbmonarchie von diesem Schlag erholen. Doch ereignete sich dieses Ereignis tatsächlich unvorhergesehen, völlig unerwartet? Oder gab es Vorzeichen und Warnungen?Anhand originaler Dokumente privater und öffentlicher Natur zeichnen wir in dieser Sonderfolge die letzten Tage von Baronesse Mary Vetsera und Kronprinz Rudolf nach. Ihre Tagesabläufe, ihre Verpflichtungen, ihre geheimen Pläne. Verfolge mit uns den Weg in die Katastrophe anhand zeitgenössischer Texte und Meldungen.

Pilzno na cały świat rozsławia nie tylko tutejszy browar. Kilkanaście lat po tym, jak Josef Groll uwarzył tu pierwszego pilznera, w mieście powstał też niewielki na początku zakład przemysłowy. Po kolejnych czterech dekadach był on już największą firmą w całym imperium Habsburgów i jedną z większych na całej planecie. Miał własne kopalnie, huty i stalownie, produkował właściwie wszystko - od wyposażeń cukrowni, słodowni i browarów, po potężną morską artylerię. Mowa o założonych przez Emila Škodę Zakładach Škody (Škodovy závody) tudzież Skoda Werke.W 110 odcinku Czechostacji Karol Machi, historyk motoryzacji z wrocławskiego ośrodka Pamięć i Przyszłość opowiada obszernie o początkach tego imperium i jego założycielu. Jest więc mowa o skomplikowanej sytuacji językowo-etnicznej ówczesnego Królestwa Czech w którym można było urodzić się w rodzinie niemieckojęzycznej a umrzeć jako Czech, ale można było też na odwrót. Jest o poprzednikach Emila i tym, jakim był szefem dla swoich pracowników. Ale przede wszystkim to opowieść o tym, jak niewielka fabryka stała się wszechstronnym i wszechwładnym imperium a potęgę swoją zbudowała głównie na produkcji broni. W związku z tym, pewne wydarzenia z jej historii zainspirowały nawet jednego z najbardziej znanych czeskich pisarzy do napisania najbardziej chyba znanej z jego książek. I o tym też w 110 odcinku Czechostacji możecie posłuchać.Czego natomiast w tym odcinku nie ma? Ano nie ma w nim nawet jednego słowa o samochodach, z których Škoda znana jest do dzisiaj. Ten rozdział w historii koncernu zaczął się bowiem dopiero po pierwszej wojnie światowej. I o tym okresie Karol też opowie, w kolejnej części poświęconej Škodzie.***Jeśli podcast Wam się podoba i chcecie pomóc go rozwijać, możecie zostać Patronami lub Patronkami Czechostacji w serwisie Patronite. W tym tygodniu zdecydowali się na to:Michał, Tomasz JerzyBardzo Wam dziękuję

The world is a-changing. Maximilian I may still dream of the medieval universal empire where he will lead Christendom in an epic crusade to expel the Turks from the European mainland, even reconquering Jerusalem. Meanwhile his main adversary, king Charles VIII of France unleashed the fury of war in Italy, kicking off a struggle that would last for 50 years and replaced the medieval world of popes and emperors with a system based on the balance of powers.In the near term, this expedition to conquer the kingdom of Naples triggered not only the outbreak of Syphilis, but also the double marriage between Habsburg and Spain that Maximilian did not want, but ended up being the second of the three marriages that created an empire.Lots to get through, none of it boring..The music for the show is Flute Sonata in E-flat major, H.545 by Carl Phillip Emmanuel Bach (or some claim it as BWV 1031 Johann Sebastian Bach) performed and arranged by Michel Rondeau under Common Creative Licence 3.0.As always:Homepage with maps, photos, transcripts and blog: www.historyofthegermans.comIf you wish to support the show go to: Support • History of the Germans PodcastFacebook: @HOTGPod Threads: @history_of_the_germans_podcastBluesky: @hotgpod.bsky.socialInstagram: history_of_the_germansTwitter: @germanshistoryTo make it easier for you to share the podcast, I have created separate playlists for some of the seasons that are set up as individual podcasts. they have the exact same episodes as in the History of the Germans, but they may be a helpful device for those who want to concentrate on only one season. So far I have:The OttoniansSalian Emperors and Investiture ControversyFredrick Barbarossa and Early HohenstaufenFrederick II Stupor MundiSaxony and Eastward ExpansionThe Hanseatic LeagueThe Teutonic KnightsThe Holy Roman Empire 1250-1356The Reformation before the Reformation

Ein Spaziergang durch die Altstadt von Kopenhagen führt mitten ins Herz der dänischen Geschichte – und überraschend direkt zur Welt der Habsburger.Im Zentrum der Stadt steht der Rundetårn, ein ungewöhnlicher Turm mit spiralförmiger Rampe. Heute wird er oft mit dem berühmten Astronomen Tycho Brahe in Verbindung gebracht. Doch genau hier beginnt die eigentliche Geschichte:Der Rundetårn entstand erst Jahrzehnte nach Tychos Tod – und ist dennoch ohne ihn nicht denkbar. Diese Folge erzählt von:Tycho Brahes revolutionärer Beobachtung der Supernova von 1572, die das mittelalterliche Weltbild erschütterteseinem Aufstieg zum königlichen Staatsastronomen unter Friedrich II.den großen Observatorien auf der Insel Hven – Uraniborg und Stjerneborgdem politischen Bruch nach dem Tod seines Förderers und Tychos erzwungenem ExilIm Zentrum steht jedoch die entscheidende Frage von Habsburg to go!:Was hat das alles mit den Habsburgern zu tun?Die Antwort führt nach Prag zu Rudolf II. – einem Herrscher, der weniger an Feldzügen interessiert war als an Wissen, Zeichen und Erkenntnis.Rudolf II. holte Tycho Brahe mit einem für die Zeit einzigartigen Angebot an seinen Hof: Sicherheit, Gehalt, Schutz und vor allem Forschungsfreiheit. Heute würde man sagen: Er hat ihn abgeworben.Darüber hinaus werfen wir einen Blick auf die Geschichte der Dänen selbst:vom Wikingerreich zur nordischen Vormachtvom Stockholmer Blutbad (1520) und dem Verlust Schwedensvom schwedischen Marsch „übers Eis“ im 17. Jahrhundertbis zur Niederlage von 1864 gegen Preußen und Österreichund zum heutigen Dänemark mit einem der beliebtesten Königshäuser Europas Diese Episode spannt den Bogen vom Himmel über Skandinavien bis zu den Machtzentren Europas – und stellt die Frage, warum Wissen oft dort wirksam wird, wo Macht bereit ist, loszulassen.Hinweis: Diese Folge ergänzt frühere Episoden von Habsburg to go!, insbesondere:#016 - Die Habsburger und der Norden - Die schöne Bauherrin Isabella und Schloss Kronborg (1525)

The mini series within the Royal Studies Podcast on Monarchy & Money is hosted by Charlotte Backerra from the University of Klagenfurt in Austria, and Cathleen Sarti from the University of Oxford in the UK. In these Monarchy & Money episodes, they are talking with scholars on why economic questions are important to understand monarchical rule, and how royals are interacting with the economies of their kingdoms and beyond their territories. They are also always happy to hear about research into economic, financial, and business activities of monarchies and dynastic rulers of all kind.Guest Bio:Veronika Hyden-Hanscho holds the prestigious Elise-Richter Fellowship awarded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF). The topic of her current project is “Income, Management and Economic Thinking. Noble Entrepreneurship in the Eighteenth-Century Habsburg Monarchy”  and focuses on the Habsburg aristocracy as a driving force for economic development. She is Assistant Professor at the University of Klagenfurt. In 2011, she earned a PhD at the University of Graz (Austria). She was Lecturer for Austrian Studies at the University of Wrocław (Poland) and Research Associate at the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna from 2013 to 2023 as well as visiting scholar at the University of Ghent (Belgium). She is the author of ‘Reisende, Migranten, Kulturmanager. Mittlerpersönlichkeiten zwischen Frankreich und dem Wiener Hof (1630–1730)' (Stuttgart, 2013) and co-editor of ‘Formative Modernities in the Early Modern Atlantic and Beyond. Identities, Polities and Glocal Economies' (Singapore 2023).

After 13 years of fighting in the Low Countries, Maximilian, the newly elected king of the Roman, returns home to a rammed full inbox. There is his cousin, the dissolute count Sigismund of Tyrol who is about to sell out the family fortune to the dukes of Bavaria. The king of Hungary is still occupying Vienna – and there is a new heiress out on the market, Anne of Brittanny.Some of the issues he tackles together with his now seriously elderly father, the emperor Friedrich III, others are very much his own tasks. In the process Friedrich creates a structurally new political entity, the Swabian League, Maximilian builds a relationship with Jakob Fugger, the money man who will grease the cogs of the Habsburg empire, and once again they fight, one battle after another.And despite tremendous success, this period from 1489 to 1493, ends with some epic humiliation, not in war, but in love. “No man on earth has ever been disgraced as I have been at the hands of the French” is how he summarised it.Come along and watch as the plot thickens.The music for the show is Flute Sonata in E-flat major, H.545 by Carl Phillip Emmanuel Bach (or some claim it as BWV 1031 Johann Sebastian Bach) performed and arranged by Michel Rondeau under Common Creative Licence 3.0.As always:Homepage with maps, photos, transcripts and blog: www.historyofthegermans.comIf you wish to support the show go to: Support • History of the Germans PodcastFacebook: @HOTGPod Threads: @history_of_the_germans_podcastBluesky: @hotgpod.bsky.socialInstagram: history_of_the_germansTwitter: @germanshistoryTo make it easier for you to share the podcast, I have created separate playlists for some of the seasons that are set up as individual podcasts. they have the exact same episodes as in the History of the Germans, but they may be a helpful device for those who want to concentrate on only one season. So far I have:The OttoniansSalian Emperors and Investiture ControversyFredrick Barbarossa and Early HohenstaufenFrederick II Stupor MundiSaxony and Eastward ExpansionThe Hanseatic LeagueThe Teutonic Knights

Sendung vom 12.01.2026 Besuchen Sie uns gerne auf den anderen Plattformen:https://www.youtube.com/@oe24TV/featuredoe24.tvtiktok.com/@oe24atinstagram.com/oe24.at

Yes, sometimes history has echos, and sometimes they become almost deafening. What does it take to make as state? It is not just the borders. What makes people into citizens, what gives the whole legitimacy? For the Habsburg empire in its dying days just before the end of World War I these were very urgent questions. Natasha Wheatley has analysed the end of empire and the beginning of the republic of Austria and shows brilliantly why the new state and its laws were both far sighted and deeply flawed. In the course of the discussion we touch on issues from The Voice in Australia to today's changing world order and the use of collective fictions — and what happens when they break down.Support the show

In this episode the 15-year long war over the Burgundian succession will come to its end. You may have thought it was done last time, but no. The revolutionary spirit of the Flemish cities is not yet broken and their most audacious move is still to come. And this time they are not going up against an archduke and regent, but against a newly elected king of the Romans.Maximilian of Habsburg's experience in Burgundy swung between moments of utter delight and happiness and depths of death, destruction and despair. It shaped this young duke who arrived aged 18 full of dreams of chivalry and left, aged 31 an battle hardened general with a clear view of where he wanted to take the empire. Get ready for the ultimate roller coaster.The music for the show is Flute Sonata in E-flat major, H.545 by Carl Phillip Emmanuel Bach (or some claim it as BWV 1031 Johann Sebastian Bach) performed and arranged by Michel Rondeau under Common Creative Licence 3.0.As always:Homepage with maps, photos, transcripts and blog: www.historyofthegermans.comIf you wish to support the show go to: Support • History of the Germans PodcastFacebook: @HOTGPod Threads: @history_of_the_germans_podcastBluesky: @hotgpod.bsky.socialInstagram: history_of_the_germansTwitter: @germanshistoryTo make it easier for you to share the podcast, I have created separate playlists for some of the seasons that are set up as individual podcasts. they have the exact same episodes as in the History of the Germans, but they may be a helpful device for those who want to concentrate on only one season. So far I have:The OttoniansSalian Emperors and Investiture ControversyFredrick Barbarossa and Early HohenstaufenFrederick II Stupor MundiSaxony and Eastward ExpansionThe Hanseatic LeagueThe Teutonic KnightsThe Holy Roman Empire 1250-1356The Reformation before the Reformation

The words High and Late Middle Ages conjures up images of fog rising up over a field where knights in shining armor are trading blows with double handed swords, mighty bishops overseeing the construction of monumental cathedrals and peasants toiling on the land as serfs. The reason we see it that way goes back to the chivalric literature that celebrated the aristocratic lifestyle where tournaments and poetry mattered more than the humdrum world of business.But let's just take a look back at the High Middle Ages, the time of Richard the Lionheart, Saint Louis and Frederick Barbarossa. Who controlled access to the great endeavor of the time, the conquest of the Holy Land? Who re-opened up the connections to the wider world, from Novgorod to India and China? Who were the most ferocious fighters who neither expected norgranted any quarter? Who had all the money?These were the great cities of Italy, of Flanders, of Picardie and Provence and of the Holy Roman Empire. Verona under the Della Scala in the 14th century generated tax revenues twice as high as those of England, Venice capacity was sixty percent of what France could generate. And these cities fielded armies that, as we know, defeated the Holy Roman Emperors, even the most capable ones like Barbarossa and Frederick II time and time again. Their absolute dedication to fight to the end was evidenced by their extremely heavy and slow war carts, the Carroccios and by the bravery of the Flemish Militia at the Battle of the Golden Spurs. And the first European since Roman times to make to India and China wasn't a Knight errant, but a Venetian merchant, nor were the vast lands on the Eastern side of the continent linked up by military force. The crusades, the grand project of the age was as much a venetian mercantile adventure as a religious pilgrimage, culminating in the sack of Constantinople in 1204. What happened? Where did all these city states go? And why?That is what we are going to discuss today, when we look at the showdown between Maximilian of Habsburg, widower of the last duchess of Burgundy and father of Philip, the universally recognised heir of the Low Countries and the Flemish cities, and specifically its largest, the city of Ghent.The music for the show is Flute Sonata in E-flat major, H.545 by Carl Phillip Emmanuel Bach (or some claim it as BWV 1031 Johann Sebastian Bach) performed and arranged by Michel Rondeau under Common Creative Licence 3.0.As always:Homepage with maps, photos, transcripts and blog: www.historyofthegermans.comIf you wish to support the show go to: Support • History of the Germans PodcastFacebook: @HOTGPod Threads: @history_of_the_germans_podcastBluesky: @hotgpod.bsky.socialInstagram: history_of_the_germansTwitter: @germanshistoryTo make it easier for you to share the podcast, I have created separate playlists for some of the seasons that are set up as individual podcasts....

Chris Spangle and Matt Wittlief open Season 2 with essential background for the late 1200s, tracing how the Holy Roman Empire's electoral system emerged after the Carolingians, how the Great Interregnum unfolded and how the Habsburgs entered European politics. They also outline parallel developments in Wales, Scotland, the Low Countries, international trade, banking and the origins of English common law to set the stage for the reigns of Kings Edward I, II and III. Topics in this episode: Early imperial elections after Otto III and the king of the Romans title The Stauffers and the Welfs, plus the Ghibelline and Guelph factions Frederick II's deposition in 1245, William of Holland and the Great Interregnum The seven prince electors and the contested 1254 election between Richard of Cornwall and Alfonso II of Castile Rudolf of Habsburg's election in 1273, later Habsburg influence and Albert's election in 1298 Wales from Offa's Dyke to Gruffudd ap Llywelyn, Llywelyn the Great and the Marcher lords Scotland from the Picts and Gaels to Malcolm III, the Dunkeld line and the Treaty of York in 1237 Norway's role in northern politics, including control of the Hebrides, Orkney and Shetland The Low Countries, the county of Flanders, English wool and the trade cities of Bruges and Ghent The Champagne fairs, the growth of Italian merchant banking and the Knights Templar's financial system The position of Jews in medieval Europe, including moneylending, Aaron of Lincoln, the York massacre and the 1255 Lincoln accusation The rise of universities in Bologna, Paris and Oxford and the development of English common law through writs, precedent and administrative expansion under Edward I Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Der Historiker Roman Sandgruber und sein Kompendium über die Habsburger. SONNTAG-Chefredakteurin Sophie Lauringer spricht mit ihm über die "wichtigste Dynastie der Welt".

How often have you heard this phrase “Let others wage war; you, happy Austria, marry". It goes back to a whole string of marriages, first Maximilian of Habsburg married the heiress of the duchy of Burgundy, then his son married the heiress of Spain and finally his grandson married the heiress of Hungary and Bohemia. And bish bash bosh, an empire is created in the horizontal.That is nice and neat but not exactly true. Sure the marriages happened, but not in the way at least I have been told. There was a lot more drama and a lot more agency than you think. For a whole six months Maximilian, the Last Knight in his shining armour, left Marie of Burgundy to fend off invasions, revolutions and conspiracies on her own. She was imprisoned, her ministers were hanged and she was told marriage to a 7-year old hunchback was her only wayout. How she managed through that and found herself in the very first truly passionate marriage we have heard about in the History of the Germans Podcast, well, that is what we are talking about today.The music for the show is Flute Sonata in E-flat major, H.545 by Carl Phillip Emmanuel Bach (or some claim it as BWV 1031 Johann Sebastian Bach) performed and arranged by Michel Rondeau under Common Creative Licence 3.0.As always:Homepage with maps, photos, transcripts and blog: www.historyofthegermans.comIf you wish to support the show go to: Support • History of the Germans PodcastFacebook: @HOTGPod Threads: @history_of_the_germans_podcastBluesky: @hotgpod.bsky.socialInstagram: history_of_the_germansTwitter: @germanshistoryTo make it easier for you to share the podcast, I have created separate playlists for some of the seasons that are set up as individual podcasts. they have the exact same episodes as in the History of the Germans, but they may be a helpful device for those who want to concentrate on only one season. So far I have:The OttoniansSalian Emperors and Investiture ControversyFredrick Barbarossa and Early HohenstaufenFrederick II Stupor MundiSaxony and Eastward ExpansionThe Hanseatic LeagueThe Teutonic KnightsThe...

The rise of the Habsburgs to world domination pivots on one crucial moment, the marriage of Maximilian of Habsburg to Mary of Burgundy, the daughter of Charles the Bold, last of the Grand Dukes of the West.The usual story is that young Maximilian one day walked down the aisle of some splendid cathedral and was handed the richest principality in Europe on an jewel-encrusted golden platter by the father of the bride. All he then had to do was lie down and think of the Habsburg-Burgundian empire.That is not quite what happened. When Maximilian arrived in Ghent in August 1477, his father-in-law lay dead in a ditch in Lorraine and large sways of ducal authority and income had gone. Within less than 3 years, 1474 to 1477 Charles the Bold had frittered away the mythical wealth of the Burgundian dukes. And not just that.These years between 1474 and 1477 helped turn the medieval empire into the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. So please allow me to do this episode, even though very, very few of the protagonists or parties to the conflicts are Germans in the modern sense.

Switzerland's most famous archer shot fruit off his own son's head on 18th November, 1307. Or did he?  ‘Chronicon Helveticum' by Aegidius Tschudi, from which the date comes, claims to be a serious historical account, but was written roughly 200 years later - and not published until nearly 200 years after that. And the myth bears remarkable similarities with the Danish folklore of Palnatoki, recorded in print centuries earlier.In this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly recount the improbable beats of Tschudi's tale; consider the small casting pool for 1950s swashbucklers; and marvel at how the story has come to represent the (genuine) Swiss resistance of the Habsburg army… Further Reading: • ‘A Brief History of the Legend of William Tell' (The Culture Trip, 2017): https://theculturetrip.com/europe/switzerland/articles/a-brief-history-of-the-legend-of-william-tell/ • ‘Shooting an apple off one's child's head' (Wikipedia): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting_an_apple_off_one%27s_child%27s_head#Palnatoki • ‘The Adventures of William Tell: Opening Theme' (ITC, 1958): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HcfykK8Iw7w This episode first aired in 2021 Love the show? Support us!  Join 

Thema: Diskussion um die Besitzverhältnisse des wiederentdeckten Habsburg-Schatzes

You can send a text, include contact info to get a response. Of the large political entities in Europe in 1813 the Austrian empire was one of the oddest, from a modern perspective and possibly the most vulnerable.It was really the personal realm of the house of Habsburg.  I've talked a lot about it in the past assuming a great deal of background knowledge on the part of the listener, so let's fill in some of that while we discuss how this legitimate power, gave into fear and threw in its lot in with the French Revolutuon.  And behaved thoroughly inconsistently until the guiding hand of Count and Later Prince Klemens Wencelas Lothar von Metternich was appointed in 1809 to guide Emperor Francis 2nd's foreign policy. 

Kaindlstorfer, Günter www.deutschlandfunk.de, Andruck - Das Magazin für Politische Literatur

Sjuårskriget 1756-63 utkämpades på tre kontinenter och har därför kallats det första världskriget. I Nordamerika och Indien konfronterades Storbritannien och Frankrike i en kamp om kolonier och kontroll över världshaven. I Europa slogs Fredrick den stores Preussen på liv och död mot franska, ryska och habsburgska arméer.Krigföringen på den europeiska kontinenten innebar något av en höjdpunkt för linjetaktiken och inte minst de välexercerade infanteribataljonerna och deras muskötsalvor.I detta avsnitt av Militärhistoriepodden samtalar Martin Hårdstedt och Peter Bennesved om Sjuårskrigets orsaker, förlopp och konsekvenser främst i Nordamerika och Europa.Konfliktens förhistoria är komplicerad och handlade om den tidens snabba skiftningar och nycker i utrikespolitiken. Preussen ställdes mot en överväldigande koalition av stater bestående av Habsburg, Frankrike, Ryssland och till och med Sverige. I botten på motsättningarna fanns Preussens uppkomst som militärmakt och seger över Habsburg under 1740-talet. På många sätt var det frågan om en maktuppgörelse inom det tyskromerska riket mellan kejsarmaktens Habsburg och utmanaren Preussen. Stöd fick Preussen endast av Storbritannien.Till konflikten på kontinenten hörde även en uppgörelse mellan Storbritannien och Frankrike om kolonier och kontroll över handelsvägar över hela jordklotet. Främst kom kriget att föras i Nordamerika och i Indien. Britterna visade sig i slutänden överlägsna och kunde med kriget slutligen etablera sig som den främsta kolonialmakten på Frankrikes bekostnad.På kontinenten kämpade preussarna mot övermakten och lyckades trots allt rida ut kriget utan att krossas. Inte minst berodde detta på deras militära förmåga och Fredrick den stores ledarskap även om segrar blandades med blodiga nederlag. Med sin taktiska förmåga och inte minst sin flexibilitet och ”sneda slagordning” vann Fredrick spektakulära segrar som vid Rossbach och Leuthen 1757 mot numerärt överlägsna arméer.Litteraturtips är två titlar ur Ospreys serie: Simon Miller Rossback och Leuthen 1757 (2002) och Daniel Marston The Seven Year´s War (2001).Bild: General Wolfes död (1771), på Abrahams slätter, nära Quebec av Benjamin West; wikipedia, Public Domain. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

When Dr. Helena Schmid interviews a grotesque, inbred Habsburg creature known as SCP-3288-6982, its tales of royal depravity and human breeding pits reveal a lineage so corrupted it devoured itself to survive. This story was derived from ⁠⁠https://scp-wiki.wikidot.com/scp-3288 and is released under Creative Commons Sharealike 3.0. ⁠⁠https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/⁠⁠ * * * CONTENT DISCLAIMER: This episode contains explicit content not limited to intense themes, strong language, and depictions of violence intended for adults. Parental guidance is strongly advised for children under the age of 17. Listener discretion is advised.  #thescpexperience #scp #scpfoundation #scpencounters #securecontainprotect #scpstories Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Mary of Hungary was more than just a Habsburg princess. She ruled Hungary as regent and governed the Netherlands on behalf of her brother, Emperor Charles V. As cousin to Mary Tudor, she sat just outside the Tudor story but still held enough power that Henry VIII had to acknowledge her. This minicast looks at how she ended up in that position, and why even Henry couldn't ignore her. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Today we – and the Habsburgs – stride back on to the grand stage of European politics. Not with a titan of history or monarch whose long and fruitful reign resonates across the centuries, but with Friedrich III, better known as the Reichserzschlafmütze - the imperial arch sleepy head, Or perhaps more fittingly the imperial arch dawdler.He ruled from 1440 to 1493, a total of 53 years - the longest reign of any Holy (or unholy) Roman Emperors (bar Constantine VIII). And yet, is also the most derided of reigns. In 1878 the Historian Georg Voigt sneered: “He was not remotely capable of handling such far-reaching politics, leaving Bohemia to its own devices, the Hungarian throne dispute to the helpless queen dowager, Austria to the arrogant dynasts, and the mercenary and robber bands.” “His light, simple hair, his long face with little movement, and his sedate gait betrayed a sluggish, deliberate nature, to which any enthusiasm, indeed any excitement, was alien. His love of peace has been endlessly mocked, but it was based on a completely dull sense of manhood and honour. No prince was so easily consoled by such insolent and repeated insults.” End quote.Modern historians are kinder, praising his thorough education and dogged determination to preserve what was left of the majesty of the Holy Roman Emperors. But even they can't avoid calling him flabby, underhand and happy to sell out his friends and allies. Not exactly the kind of guy one wants to spend three or four episodes with. But this is history, not Hollywood. The nice guys do not usually win by yanking hard on the levers of destiny. More often than not tenacious men of low cunning, who weasel their way through, are the ones who are bringing the results.And results he did get. At the end of his reign, the empire had changed profoundly. The open constitution of the Middle Ages had given way to a denser and more structured organization.Why and how Friedrich III – despite all his many shortcomings - got to move the needle of German history is what we will look at over the next few weeks.The music for the show is Flute Sonata in E-flat major, H.545 by Carl Phillip Emmanuel Bach (or some claim it as BWV 1031 Johann Sebastian Bach) performed and arranged by Michel Rondeau under Common Creative Licence 3.0.As always:Homepage with maps, photos, transcripts and blog: www.historyofthegermans.comIf you wish to support the show go to: Support • History of the Germans PodcastFacebook: @HOTGPod Threads: @history_of_the_germans_podcastBluesky: @hotgpod.bsky.socialInstagram: history_of_the_germansTwitter: @germanshistoryTo make it easier for you to share the podcast, I have created separate playlists for some of the seasons that are set up as individual podcasts. they have the exact same episodes as in the History of the Germans, but they may be a helpful device for those who want to concentrate on only one season.

In the final episode of her short series on the Habsburg dynasty, Professor Suzannah Lipscomb turns to one of the most fascinating and misunderstood rulers of early modern Europe: Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor. Often remembered—if at all—as the "mad emperor" who withdrew from politics and lost his grip on power, Rudolf's story is far richer than the stereotype. Instead of governing from Vienna or Madrid, he relocated his imperial court to Prague, transforming it into a dazzling hub of art, science, alchemy, and astrology. Was he truly unfit to rule, or has history been unfair? Suzannah is joined by Professor Thomas Kaufmann to re-examine Rudolf II's reign not as decline, but as a bold, eccentric vision of imperial rule during a turbulent age of religious wars, Protestant uprisings, Ottoman expansion, and dynastic rivalries.MORE:Rise of the HabsburgsChales V, Habsburg Holy Roman EmperorPresented by Professor Suzannah Lipscomb. The researcher is Max Wintle, audio editor is Amy Haddow and the producer is Rob Weinberg. The senior producer is Anne-Marie Luff.All music courtesy of Epidemic Sounds.Not Just the Tudors is a History Hit podcastSign up to History Hit for hundreds of hours of original documentaries, with a new release every week and ad-free podcasts. Sign up at https://www.historyhit.com/subscribe. You can take part in our listener survey here: https://insights.historyhit.com/history-hit-podcast-always-on Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

When we think of the Habsburgs, the spotlight usually falls on emperors, kings, and archdukes—powerful men who dominated Europe. But behind the scenes, across five generations, an extraordinary line of Habsburg women quietly wielded immense influence in the Netherlands. Their names are often overlooked, yet their impact was profound.In this third episode of our special series on the Habsburg dynasty, Professor Suzannah Lipscomb and historian Natalie Donnell explore the lives of these remarkable women who governed with skill, diplomacy, and resilience in a world rarely welcoming to female power. From Mary of Burgundy, who defied French aggression, to Margaret of Austria, the formidable regent who raised Charles V, to Mary of Hungary, who steered the Netherlands through decades of turmoil, these women shaped the dynasty's fate.MORE:Habsburg Inbreeding with Dr. Adam Rutherford >When Women Ruled the Low Countries >Presented by Professor Suzannah Lipscomb. The researcher is Max Wintle, audio editor is Amy Haddow and the producer is Rob Weinberg. The senior producer is Anne-Marie Luff.All music courtesy of Epidemic Sounds.Not Just the Tudors is a History Hit podcastSign up to History Hit for hundreds of hours of original documentaries, with a new release every week and ad-free podcasts. Sign up at https://www.historyhit.com/subscribe. You can take part in our listener survey here: https://insights.historyhit.com/history-hit-podcast-always-on Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Biblical prophecy researcher and author, Gary Wayne, explores end-times prophecy and the forces behind it, from Merovingian bloodlines to Israel and the New World Order, on episode 218 of the Far Out with Faust podcast.Watch Gary's first appearance on our show: Secret Societies, Royal Bloodlines, and Hidden Bible Revelations https://youtu.be/ssCT8HkT0FcGary Wayne is the author of The Genesis 6, where he examines the hidden role of bloodlines, secret societies, and prophecy in shaping world events. With decades of research into biblical history, mythology, and geopolitics, Wayne is known for connecting ancient narratives to modern movements, from the rise of secret orders to the shaping of global religions.In this wide-ranging conversation, Gary and Faust decode the hidden symbolism of royal heraldry, the influence of Watchers and angels on elite bloodlines, and the prophetic significance of Mount Hermon. They examine the contested legacy of the Priory of Sion and the enduring role of secret societies in shaping history, while also unpacking explosive claims about Jesus, Mary Magdalene, and the Merovingian bloodline that have fueled centuries of speculation.The discussion also explores the rise of a universal world religion and the advance of artificial intelligence tie into prophecy. Together, Gary and Faust consider the cycles of history, the “war gene” of ruling elites, and the uneasy alliance between Christian Zionists and Israel in end-times prophecy.In this episode:•Heraldry & prophecy anchors: from royal crests to the mysteries of Mount Hermon•Jesus, Mary Magdalene & Merovingians: bloodline claims and Israel's contested symbols•Watchers, Seraphim, Cherubim, Nephilim, and giants in elite genealogies•Nimrod, Azazel/Baphomet, Pan, and why CERN carries a horned name•Templars to Zionists: from Godfrey de Bouillon and the House of Habsburg to Rothschilds and Christian Zionists steering Israel's destiny•Sabbateans & Frankists: mystical sects and counterfeit messianic movements•Universal religion & AI: red heifer sacrifices, Antichrist expectations, and technology as forbidden wisdom reborn•The Antichrist bloodline: why prophecy points to a ruler rising from elite genealogies•The war gene & false flags: why ruling bloodlines repeat conflict• Prophecies: Sibylline oracles to Nostradamus and today's apocalyptic visions•Celebrity Symbology: Beyoncé, Jay-Z, and the revival of occult imagery in pop culture•Gog vs. Armageddon: the timeline and scale most people misunderstand…and much more!Chapters:00:00 The hidden purpose of giants.01:00 Decoding secret histories and fallen angels.03:04 Heraldry explained: what lions, unicorns and other creatures really mean.04:24 The ancient giants' mission from the gods07:07 Which families rule and how intermarriage changes crests.08:14 Seraphim vs cherubim and the dragon gods10:10 Cherubim's four faces12:14 Crystal bags, tree of life scenes, and watcher depictions.14:19 Why giant traits dilute and reappear in heraldry.16:02 Gargoyles, church imagery and watcher iconography.18:08 How standards and flags encode genealogies20:57 Horned gods, CERN etymology, and the ancient names for destroyer gods.22:44 Mithra, Azazel and the End Times27:18 The star symbols and occult adoption30:07 Moloch explained34:04 Mount Hermon explained36:53 Eden and why the Middle East stays geopolitically central.40:02 Mechanics by which elites try to stage end-time scenarios.47:23 Reading symbols, guarding history, and what comes next.52:01 Partnership between Christian Zionists and Israeli Jews explained53:1we'd love to hear from you

“The Habsburgs ruled half of Europe with a chin that entered the room five minutes before they did,” is one of those witticisms that made the 19th century so amusing. But by then the Habsburg jaw had long receded. It had its heyday in the 16th and 17th century when people in Spain called out to the future emperor Charles V: “Your majesty, shut your mouth! The flies of this country are very insolent.” And when they looked at his later descendant, king Charles II who was probably the worst affected, they said, he was “more Habsburg than human”. But where is the Habsburg Jaw from? The view repeated again and again in history books is that it came from Cymburga of Masovia, the wife of duke Ernst the Iron, but was she really responsible? Or was it something quite different that caused that deformation, and what has it to do with the prostration of duke Friedrich IV before emperor Sigismund in 1415?That is what we are looking at in this episode.The music for the show is Flute Sonata in E-flat major, H.545 by Carl Phillip Emmanuel Bach (or some claim it as BWV 1031 Johann Sebastian Bach) performed and arranged by Michel Rondeau under Common Creative Licence 3.0.As always:Homepage with maps, photos, transcripts and blog: www.historyofthegermans.comIf you wish to support the show go to: Support • History of the Germans PodcastFacebook: @HOTGPod Threads: @history_of_the_germans_podcastBluesky: @hotgpod.bsky.socialInstagram: history_of_the_germansTwitter: @germanshistoryTo make it easier for you to share the podcast, I have created separate playlists for some of the seasons that are set up as individual podcasts. they have the exact same episodes as in the History of the Germans, but they may be a helpful device for those who want to concentrate on only one season. So far I have:The OttoniansSalian Emperors and Investiture ControversyFredrick Barbarossa and Early HohenstaufenFrederick II Stupor MundiSaxony and Eastward ExpansionThe Hanseatic LeagueThe Teutonic KnightsThe Holy Roman Empire 1250-1356

In the second episode of our special Habsburg dynasty series, Professor Suzannah Lipscomb is joined by renowned historian Professor Geoffrey Parker to uncover the extraordinary life of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor—once hailed as the “Monarch of the World.”By the time he abdicated in 1556, Charles presided over the first truly global empire, stretching from the Netherlands and Spain to Austria, Naples, and the Americas, including Peru and the New World. As King of Spain, Archduke of Austria, Duke of Burgundy, and Lord of the Netherlands, Charles' titles only hinted at the scale of his power.Yet behind the grandeur lay contradictions: a ruler torn between faith and politics, unity and fragmentation, ambition and exhaustion. Drawing on decades of research and thousands of surviving documents, Professor Parker paints a vivid portrait of Charles V's reign—one that defined 16th-century Europe and shaped the course of world history.MORE:When Women Ruled the Low CountriesIsabel & Ferdinand: Renaissance Power CouplePresented by Professor Suzannah Lipscomb. The researcher is Max Wintle, audio editor is Amy Haddow and the producer is Rob Weinberg. The senior producer is Anne-Marie Luff.All music courtesy of Epidemic Sounds.Not Just the Tudors is a History Hit podcastSign up to History Hit for hundreds of hours of original documentaries, with a new release every week and ad-free podcasts. Sign up at https://www.historyhit.com/subscribe. You can take part in our listener survey here: https://insights.historyhit.com/history-hit-podcast-always-on Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In the first of a special four-part series on the Habsburgs, Professor Suzannah Lipscomb traces the unlikely rise of Europe's most enduring imperial family. Emerging from a modest Swiss noble house in the 10th century, the House of Habsburg would go on to dominate the political, cultural, and religious life of Europe for nearly 400 years. Through strategic marriages, dynastic inheritances, and shrewd political manoeuvring, the Habsburgs expanded their influence to eventually rule a vast empire stretching from the Americas to the Ottoman frontier. Suzannah is joined by Professor Martyn Rady to explore how the Habsburgs built—and nearly broke—an empire without equal.MORE:Habsburg Inbreeding with Dr. Adam Rutherfordhttps://open.spotify.com/episode/3sQ4jrYtuwAFJUfBgbaAXYWhen Women Ruled the Low Countrieshttps://open.spotify.com/episode/2u4fBHVgNhAMiaLjBv4X8ZPresented by Professor Suzannah Lipscomb. The researcher is Max Wintle, audio editor is Amy Haddow and the producer is Rob Weinberg. The senior producer is Anne-Marie Luff.All music courtesy of Epidemic Sounds.Not Just the Tudors is a History Hit podcastSign up to History Hit for hundreds of hours of original documentaries, with a new release every week and ad-free podcasts. Sign up at https://www.historyhit.com/subscribe. You can take part in our listener survey here: https://insights.historyhit.com/history-hit-podcast-always-on Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

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The crew kicks off with birthday banter, fantasy football chaos, and the wild fallout from a draft-night stream. From there, things spiral into an offbeat but fascinating ride: a deep dive into the Tennessee Bureau of Investigation's shocking claim that legendary sheriff Buford Pusser may have killed his own wife, despite being immortalized in the Walking Tall movies as a folk hero. The discussion unpacks government waste, media narratives, and whether reopening decades-old cold cases is justice or just theater. But it doesn't stop there. The hosts veer into the eerie with Italy's famous “blinking mummy,” preserved for over a century, sparking debates about embalming, vampires, and occult symbolism in pop culture. Toss in a detour through Habsburg inbreeding, odd birth defects like “lobster claw” feet, and plenty of sharp humor, and you've got a Friday night hangout that's as unpredictable as it is entertaining. This episode embodies OnlyLands at its finest, irreverent, curious, and unafraid to poke fun at the absurd while unpacking history, mystery, and everything in between.

Rudolf IV of Habsburg (1339–1365), son of Albrecht “the Wise,” reigned as Duke of Austria for just seven years but left a lasting mark. Born when the dynasty seemed close to extinction, Rudolf secured Austria's survival and prestige. Politically, he sought to elevate Vienna by founding the University of Vienna (1365) and beginning construction of St. Stephen's Cathedral. Though he fulfilled his father's ambition to gain the Tyrol, the family fell behind their rivals, namely the Luxemburgs.Rudolf's most audacious act was the Privilegium Maius, a set of forged charters claiming ancient Roman emperors had granted Austria near-sovereign status, primogeniture, and the unique title of Archduke. Though denounced by Petrarch as absurd, the documents shaped Habsburg identity for centuries and underpinned later power.By creating myths of divine and heroic origins, Rudolf forged a sense of Habsburg exceptionalism. Though dying young without heirs, he truly was “the Founder.”The music for the show is Flute Sonata in E-flat major, H.545 by Carl Phillip Emmanuel Bach (or some claim it as BWV 1031 Johann Sebastian Bach) performed and arranged by Michel Rondeau under Common Creative Licence 3.0.As always:Homepage with maps, photos, transcripts and blog: www.historyofthegermans.comIf you wish to support the show go to: Support • History of the Germans PodcastFacebook: @HOTGPod Threads: @history_of_the_germans_podcastBluesky: @hotgpod.bsky.socialInstagram: history_of_the_germansTwitter: @germanshistoryTo make it easier for you to share the podcast, I have created separate playlists for some of the seasons that are set up as individual podcasts. they have the exact same episodes as in the History of the Germans, but they may be a helpful device for those who want to concentrate on only one season. So far I have:The OttoniansSalian Emperors and Investiture ControversyFredrick Barbarossa and Early HohenstaufenFrederick II Stupor MundiSaxony and Eastward ExpansionThe Hanseatic LeagueThe Teutonic KnightsThe Holy Roman Empire...

The Habsburg dynasty, originating from Radobot's castle in 11th-century Switzerland, rose from obscurity to European prominence. In 1273 Rudolf of Habsburg was elected King of the Romans. Far from the later myth of a poor, humble count, Rudolf was wealthy, shrewd, and ruthless. He expanded his family's holdings through inheritance, war, and diplomacy, eventually securing Austria and Styria after defeating Ottokar II of Bohemia—an acquisition that became the dynasty's heartland.Rudolf's hopes to found a hereditary imperial dynasty failed, and his son Albrecht I was murdered in 1308. For decades, the Habsburgs teetered on decline. Friedrich “the Handsome” briefly contended for the throne but left little mark. His brother Albrecht II “the Wise” revived the family, gaining Carinthia and Carniola in 1335 and shifting focus to Austria. Near extinction due to lack of heirs, the dynasty was saved when Albrecht's wife Joan miraculously bore sons, including Rudolf IV, who would secure the Habsburg future.The music for the show is Flute Sonata in E-flat major, H.545 by Carl Phillip Emmanuel Bach (or some claim it as BWV 1031 Johann Sebastian Bach) performed and arranged by Michel Rondeau under Common Creative Licence 3.0.As always:Homepage with maps, photos, transcripts and blog: www.historyofthegermans.comIf you wish to support the show go to: Support • History of the Germans PodcastFacebook: @HOTGPod Threads: @history_of_the_germans_podcastBluesky: @hotgpod.bsky.socialInstagram: history_of_the_germansTwitter: @germanshistoryTo make it easier for you to share the podcast, I have created separate playlists for some of the seasons that are set up as individual podcasts. they have the exact same episodes as in the History of the Germans, but they may be a helpful device for those who want to concentrate on only one season. So far I have:The OttoniansSalian Emperors and Investiture ControversyFredrick Barbarossa and Early HohenstaufenFrederick II Stupor MundiSaxony and Eastward ExpansionThe Hanseatic LeagueThe Teutonic KnightsThe Holy Roman Empire...

"Let others wage war: you, happy Austria, marry'. Is that really it? Did this family acquire an empire where the sun never sets through just luck and longevity?That is what we will try to find out in this season where we follow the family from the murder of king Abrecht I in 1308 to the election of emperor Charles V in 1519. For most of that period the Habsburgs had been languishing in the wilderness. They experienced defeats, divisions and humiliations, were even expelled from their duchy of Austria just before they rose meteorically to world leadership under Maximilian and Charles V. Something must have happened in this period that forged them into the most successful European dynasty. As they say in the music industry, every overnight success was years in the making”.That is why this season is called “The Fall and Rise of the House of Habsburg” and is dedicated to the question, what made the Habsburgs so special.

Hello friends of the History of the Germans Podcast. As I mentioned last episode, I am on holiday now, which means I spend my time reading up about the Habsburg and getting into gear for the next season.In the meantime, I will showcase some podcasts I really enjoy and listen to regularly. And one of those is History Rage. The host, Paul Bavill interviews historians and history podcaster about the one thing they really hope people would stop believing. Interview is such a lame term for what he does, it is more of a therapy session for geeks to let out their rage. Professional historians come armed with evidence, fury, and a burning desire to set the record straight. From “Vikings wore horned helmets” to “Britain stood alone in 1940” and “medieval people never bathed,” this is history with attitude, myth-busting with academic rigor, and truth-telling that pulls no punches. In the last 284 episodes he allowed some of the greatest names in history let off steam, including Roger Moorhouse. In this episode you will hear right now, Roger goes after the focus on Stauffenberg in the remembrance of the resistance against the Nazis inside Germany. By doing so, he argues, we are overlooking equally if not more deserving figures like Henning von Tresckow and the other members of the Kreisauer Kreis. And by the way Paul even allowed yours truly to vent about the perennial pun that the Holy Roman Empire was neither Holy, nor Roman, nor an Empire. That will come out on September 29. So in the meantime here is History Rage with: Stauffenberg: Hero or Hypocrite? The Complex Legacy of the July 20th Plot with Roger MoorhouseI hope you enjoy it.The music for the show is Flute Sonata in E-flat major, H.545 by Carl Phillip Emmanuel Bach (or some claim it as BWV 1031 Johann Sebastian Bach) performed and arranged by Michel Rondeau under Common Creative Licence 3.0.As always:Homepage with maps, photos, transcripts and blog: www.historyofthegermans.comIf you wish to support the show go to: Support • History of the Germans PodcastFacebook: @HOTGPod Threads: @history_of_the_germans_podcastBluesky: @hotgpod.bsky.socialInstagram: history_of_the_germansTwitter: @germanshistoryTo make it easier for you to share the podcast, I have created separate playlists for some of the seasons that are set up as individual podcasts. they have the exact same episodes as in the History of the Germans, but they may be a helpful device for those who want to concentrate on only one season. So far I have:The OttoniansSalian Emperors and Investiture ControversyFredrick Barbarossa and Early...