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China verlängert Russlands Krieg in der Ukraine – bewusst und strategisch. Das sagt EU-Außenbeauftragte Kaja Kallas. Ziel sei es, die Aufmerksamkeit der USA von Peking abzulenken. Im Hintergrund folgt ein strategischer Richtungswechsel in der EU-Politik.

Hey guys before you listen to this one, do realize this is part 3 on a series about General Kanji Ishiwara, so if you have not already done so I would recommend listening to Part 1 & 2.    This episode is General Kanji Ishiwara part 3: The gradual fall into War with China   I tried so hard this time to finish this up neatly in part 3 and utterly failed. I wrote pages and even deleted them to keep squeezing, but theres simply too much to the story. Part 3 will be focusing on the insane politics of the 1930's and how Ishiwara tried to prevent war with China.   Its rather ironic that the man who was the chief instigator that ushering in the conquest of Manchuria was unable to impose his will when it came to molding Manchukuo. Now while Ishiwara Kanji was the operations officer given official responsibility over the planning and conduct of military operations to seize Manchuria, the arrangements for that new state, being political in nature, were not in his sphere of influence. Regardless, Ishiwara was extremely vocal about his opinions on how Manchukuo should develop and he heavily emphasized racial harmony. He continuously hammered his colleagues that the economic development of Manchukuo should reflect the spirit of racial cooperation. Ishiwara assumed the economic interests of Manchukuo would simply coincide with that of the Kwantung army, by definition both's ultimate goals would be unity of Asia against the west. He was very wrong. Ishiwara was consumed by his theory of final war, everything he did was to prepare for it, thus his obsession of racial harmony was another part of the plan.    In 1932 the self government guidance board was abolished in march, leaving its functions and regional organizations to be tossed into brand new bureaus of the new government of Manchukuo. An organization emerged in April called the (Kyowakai / Concordia Association). It was brought together by Yamaguchi Juji and Ozawa Kaisaku, and its purpose was to promote racial harmony and it was backed by members of the Kwantung army, notably Ishiwara, Itagaki and Katakura. The Kwantung army flooded money into the organization and it grew rapidly…well amongst the Japanese anyways. General Honjo was a bit weary about how much the organization might have in the political sphere of Manchukuo, he did not want to see it become an official political party, he preferred it remain in a educative role. By educative role, I of course mean, to be a propaganda arm of the Kwantung army to exert influence over Manchukuo without having real skin in the game.    But to Ishiwara the Concordia Association was the logical means to unify the new nation, guiding its political destiny, to be blunt Ishiwara really saw it should have much more authority than his colleagues believed it should. Ishiwara complained in August of 1932, that Manchuria was a conglomerate of conflicting power centers such as the Kwantung army, the new Manchukuo government, the Kwantung government, the Mantetsu, consular office and so on. Under so many hats he believed Manchukuo would never become a truly unified modern state, and of course he was one of the few people that actually wanted it to be so. He began arguing the Kwantung army should turn over its political authority as soon as possible so “Japanese of high resolve should hasten to the great work of the Manchurian Concordia Association, for I am sure that we Japanese will be its leaders. In this way Manchukuo will not depend on political control from Japan, but will be an independent state, based on Japanese Manchurian cooperation. Guided by Japanese, it will be a mode of Sino-Japanese friendship, an indicator of the present trends of world civilization” Needless to say the Concordia Association made little headway with the Chinese and it began to annoy Japanese leaders. The association gradually was bent into a spiritless propaganda and intelligence arm of the IJA, staffed largely by elite Japanese working in the Manchukuo government.    Ishiwara began using the Concordia Association to promote things such as: returning leased territories like the Railway zone, abolition of extraterritoriality, equalizing payment between the races working in Manchukuo, the kind of stuff that would promote racial harmony. Such advocacy as you can imagine deviated heavily with the Japanese military, and Ishiwara's reputation would be hurt by this. The Kwantung Army staff began shifting dramatically, seeing Ishiwara isolated, aside from Itagaki and a few other followers being around. The upper brass as they say had had enough of the nuisance Concordia Association's and gradually took control of it and made sure to stop the talk of concessions. In August of 1932 Ishiwara received a new assignment and it seems he was only too happy to leave Manchuria.   Ishiwara returned to Japan, disgusted with the turn of direction Manchuria was going, and believing he would be blamed for its future failures he submitted his resignation. But the IJA knew how popular Ishiwara was and how dangerous he could become so they rejected his resignation. Instead they gave him a military decoration. He was in a very strange spot now, for the youthful officers of the Kodoha faction loved Ishiwara, but the senior top brass of the IJA were extremely suspicious of him and lets just say he was kept under close watch.   Now with Ishiwara back in Japan he would get himself involved in a bit of a war between two factions. As many of you probably already know, the Japanese military of the late 1920s and early 1930's saw the emergence of two factions: the Kodoha “imperial way” and Tosei “control” factions. The Kodoha sought what they called a “showa restoration” to give the emperor absolute power like the good olds days as they say. They were willing to even form a coup if necessary to make this happen. Another thing they believed was in the Hokushin-ron “northern strike” war plan. The idea behind this was that the USSR and communism as a whole was Japans largest threat and the IJA needed to invade the USSR. Now the Tosei faction believed in most of what the Kodoha did, but they differed on some issues. Number 1) they were not willing to perform a coup to usher in a showa restoration, no they thought they could work with the existing Zaibatsu elites and politicians to get things done. THe Kodoha hated the politicians and Zaibatsu to the point they wanted to murder them, so differing opinions. The Tosei also believed the next world war would require a total war strategy, to build up Japan to fight the USSR, but probably the US as well. They favored Nanshin-ron “the southern strike” policy, to target the resources of south east asia necessary to give Japan what it needed to be self sufficient. Another thing that separated these two factions, the Kodoha typically were younger officers.   Despite their differences, everyone in the Japanese military understood forceful expansion into Asia was going to happen and this meant collison with the USSR, America and Britain. Ishiwara's first assignment back in Japan was a temporary duty with the foreign ministry, he was a member of the Japanese legation to the league of nations under Matsuoka Yosuke. The league of nations at this time was performing the Lytton Commission which was investigating the Macnhurian problem, ie: Japan invading Manchuria. Upon returning to Japan in summer of 1933, Ishiwara sought a regimental command, but found it difficult to acquire because of his troublemaker like history. Then General Prince Higashikuni Naruhiko who commanded the 2nd sendai division gave him command over the 4th infantry regiment. Ishiwara went to work training the men under him to counter the latest soviet infantry tactics and of course he lectured extensively about his final war theories. During this time rumors emerged that Ishiwara supported the Nanshin-ron strategy. Many of his old colleagues who supported Hokushin-ron demanded he explain himself and Ishiwara did. These rumors were actually false, it was not that Ishiwara favored the Nanshin-ron strategy, it was simply that he did not back all aspects of the Hokushin-ron strategy.   Ishiwara believed to challenge the USSR, first Japan needed an Asian union, which he thought would take probably 30 years to create. But to usher such an Asian union, first Manchukuo needed to be hammered out properly, something Ishiwara thought Japan was failing to do. Also Japan's military strength was insufficient to overwhelm the multiple enemies before her, the war she would enter would be a protracted one. To win such a war she needed resources and allies, notably Manchukuo and China. To confront the USSR, Japan would need to subvert outer mongolia, but to confront the USA and Britain she would have to seize the Philippines, Singapore, Hong Kong and Guam. It was going to be a global clash.   Ishiwara was gravely concerned with how powerful the USSR was becoming in the early 1930s. In the 3 years since he had left Manchuria, the Soviet divisions in east asia had jumped from 8 to 14 by the end of 1935, while Japanese divisions in Manchuria were only 3. For aircraft the Soviets had 950 vs 220 for Japan. On top of that the Soviets had TB-5 long range bombers, capable of hitting Japan, but the Japanese had no comparable aircraft. A large reason for such build up's were literally because Kodoha leaders were publicly threatening the Soviets such as Generals Sadao Araki. The Kodoha faction faced a lot of challenges as to how they could hope to face off against the USSR. They figured out three main principles needed to be overcome: 1) Japan had to prevent the USSR from being able to defeat its enemies to the west and east one at a time, Japan should seek diplomatic aims in this like allying with Germany. 2) A devastating blow was necessary to the USSR far east, perhaps against the Trans-siberian railway and air bases in the maritime provinces. 3) If Japan was able to demolish Soviet resistance in the far east, Japan would need to take forward positions on the Manchurian border for a protracted war. Ishiwara tried to figure out ways to get by these principles. First he advocated for Japanese troops strength in Manchuria and Korea to be 80% equivalent to that of the Soviets east of Lake Baikal at the offset of hostilities. He also urged cooperation with Germany and to preserve friendly neutral relations with Britain and the US, that is until the soviets were dealt with of course. Ishiwara vigorously felt the Nanshin ron strategy to push into southeast asia and the pacific was far too ambitious for the time being and that all efforts should be made to consolidate Manchuria for resources. Ishiwara tried to win over some Naval support for his plans, but none would be found. When Ishiwara showed his formal plans for Asia to the war ministry, they told him his projections in Manchuria would cost at least 1 billion 300 million yen. They also notified Ishiwara the navy were asking for about the same amount for their programs. Now while Ishiwara spent years trying to produce a 6 year plan to build up Manchuria, other significant things were going on in Japan.   The Kodoha faction as I said had a lot of younger officer support and a lot of these were men who came from rural parts of Japan. A lot of these men came from poor families suffering, and it looked to them that Japan was a nation full of social injustice and spiritual disintegration. These young officers were becoming more and more vocal in the early 1930's about wanting a showa restoration. They thought Japan would be better off as a military state with the emperor on top. Ishiwara empathized with the desire for a showa restoration, and many of the young officers calling for it claimed he was one of their champions. He made some fiery speeches in 1935 linking the evils of capitalism to the destitution of rural japan. He argued farmers were bearing crushing burdens because of economic privation. In his words “if the clash between the exploiters (landlords and capitalists) and the exploited continues much longer the exploited will be ground to bits. The present system of free economic competition has produced a situation where there is a small number of fabulously rich and limitless number of desperately poor. The national has indeed reached a national crisis. Liberal capitalism must inevitably give way to a newer system". What that “newer system was” however differed from what the youthful officers saw as their Showa restoration. Ishiwara wanted the Japanese government to create plans and policy, the Kodoha hardliners wanted to form a violent coup.    Kodoha officers began to push Ishiwara to champion their cause more and more. However by late 1935 Ishiwara's name would actually begin to be connected to the Tosei faction. While Ishiwara supported much of the Kodoha ideology, he simply did not share their beliefs in the same Showa restoration, he was more akin to the Tosei in that regard. Now after the manchurian incident the two factions kind of went to war with another to dominate the military. The Kodoha faction was early on the most powerful, but in 1934 their leader Araki resigned from the army due to failing health and he was replaced by General Senjuro Hayashi who favored the Tosei. In November of 1934, a plot was discovered that involved Kodoha officers seeking to murder some top ranking politicians. The result of this saw the Tosei faction force the resignation of the Kodoha leader General Jinzaburo Masaki, who was serving as the inspector general of military education. In retaliation to this, the Kodoha officer Saburo Aizawa murdered the Toseiha leader General Tetsuzen Nagata. This caused a frenzy, things began to really escalate, and many looked at Ishiwara Kanji to prove which side he favored. While in prison awaiting trial, Aizawa asked Ishiwara to be his defense counsel, to which he promised he would consider it. At the same time other Kodoha officers began pressing Ishiwara to support their cause openly. It is really hard to see where exactly Ishiwara was in all of this as all of his speeches prior were purposely ambiguous. He looked like a fence sitter and after what will be the February coup of 1936, there was testimony that Ishiwara was a middle-echelon member involved in the coup, other testimony literally had him on the list of people to be assassinated. A few weeks before Aizawa's trial, Ishiwara refused his request.   On February 26th, Ishiwara was awakened at his Tokyo home by a telephone call from Colonel Suzuki Teiichi informing him a rebellion was underway. Ishiwara, though ill at the time rushed over to the Military police HQ in Kudan. There he was informed of what was going on and how the officers were now taking the side of the showa restorationists or to quell the rebellion. From there he rushed to meet War Minister Kawashima Yoshiyuki where he demanded a proclamation of martial law to cope with the rebellion. He then urged Vice Chief of staff Sugiyama to order units from garrisons around Tokyo to overwhelm the rebels. Within 24 hours of the event, Ishiwara was then named operations officer of the Martial Law headquarters and he began coordinating plans to deal with the crisis. Thus Ishiwara occupied a crucial position in quelling the coup. On the night of the 27th a bunch of officers who sympathized with the rebels came to the HQ to argue for delaying actions against them. To this Ishiwara rose up and announced “we shall immediately carry forward plans for an assault. All units will assemble for that purpose. The army will wait until noon of the 28th; then it will begin its assault and crush the rebellion”. The next day,  Ishiwara went to the main entrance of the War Ministers office, where a large number of the rebels occupied and he demanded to talk to their leaders face to face. He hoped the youthful officers who looked up to him would see reason. They let him in, after they had shot Captain Katakura Tadashi for trying to do the same thing. Ishiwara then told them he shared many of their goals, but condemned their use of force. With a pistol pointed at him Ishiwara declared this “If you don't listen to reason you will be crushed by the severest measures”. He delivered his ultimatum and just walked out the door.    By the 28th the tides turned on the rebels. Emperor Hirohito put his foot down, demanding an end to the mutiny, many of the top Kodoha leaders walked away because of this. The Navy brought all of its power to Tokyo bay including its SNLF marines, all guns were on the rebels. Some of the rebels held out, still hoping the Emperor would change his mind and order a showa restoration, but by the 29th it fell apart. The rebels surrendered, aided by Colonel Tomoyuki Yamashita (one of my favorite generals of WW2, fascinating character). In the words of Matsumura Shuitsu a member of the Martial law HQ “In the midst of all the confusion and commotion, Ishiwara never lost sight of his objective and dealt with the criss with cool efficiency. If ever there was a case of the right man in the right place it was Ishiwara at that time. No doubt, what brought about the ultimate surrender of the rebel forces, was, of course, the Imperial command. But I believe that in a large part the collapse of the rebellion was due to the decisiveness of Ishwara, who never swerved, never hesitated. In short, Tokyo was saved by Ishiwara's courage”. It is rather ironic, many would point out it was Ishiwara who instigated the insurrection, but when it came time for it, he was the largest one to stamp down upon it. One could argue, by suppressing the rebellion, Ishawara had exploited the crisis in order to earn the political power necessary to bring about his version of a Showa Restoration.   During the mutiny, after meeting the rebels, Ishiwara actually had a secret meeting with two Kodoha officers at the Imperial Hotel. They were Colonel Hashimoto Kingoro and Colonel Mitsui Sakichi. He spoke to them about the possibility of forming a new government. The 3 of them came to these conclusions to actually perform a real Showa restoration. The rebels needed to go back to their barracks; the emperor needed to endorse the showa restoration; and members of the cabinet and top military leaders had to support it. Ishiwara then went to the Martial Law HQ and demanded Army vice chief of staff Sugiyama that he submit to the emperor a petition “to establish a restoration which would make clear the spirit of the nation, realize the national defense, and stabilize the peoples livelihood”. Sugiyama wanted nothing to do with this and told him “its simply impossible to relay such a request from the army” Ishiwara knew Sugiyama's position was too strong to challenge directly so he backed off, this was his last attempt to alter the nation's course through confrontation. Because of his actions during the quelling of the rebellion, this little scene was forgotten, his reputation was not tarnished…well it was amongst the Kodoha hardliners who saw him as a traitor, but other than that. Yet again he seems to be a man of many contradictions.  After the February coup the Kodoha faction ceased to exist and the Toseiha's ideology grabbed most of the military, though they also faded heavily.     Ishiwara went back to planning and lecturing taking a heavy notice of how Germany and Italy's totalitarian models were looking like the most efficient ones that Japan should emulate. He pushed heavily for a national defense state. He kept advocating for a 5 year plan he had to push Japan into a total war economy, but the industrialists and economists kept telling him it was far too much. I could write pages on all the ideas he had, he covered every aspect of Japanese society. He wanted the whole of Japan to devote itself to becoming the hegemonic power in Asia and this required self-sufficiency, more territory, alliances, an overhaul of Japan's politics, economy, etc etc he worked on this for years. One thing I find amusing to note, Ishiwara's plans had the national defense state not run directly by the military. No instead the military would only focus on military affairs to maximize their efficiency, thus civilians would lead the government. In his words “the tactics and strategy of national defense in the narrow sense are unquestionably the responsibility of the military. But national defense in the widest sense, industry, economy, transportation, communications are clearly related to the field of politics. Of course, the military can naturally express their opinion on these matters in order to counsel some minister whose duties are political, but to go before the general public and discuss the detailed industrial and economic is an arrogation of authority”. So ye, Ishiwara actually sought to remove military officers from political positions.    In 1937 Ishiwara was promoted to the rank of major general and his duties were of the operations division of the general staff. Because of his popularity and now his rank, some began to see him almost as that of a rising dictator. In January of 1937, the government of Hirota Koki who had come to power largely because of the february coup were having problems. Politicians were unable to deal with the rising military budgets. Ishiwara was eager to press forward his national defense state idea. Alongside this Captain Fukutome Shigeru, his naval counterpart was angry at the cabinet for hindering funding and called for their dissolution. In one meeting Ishiwara blurted out “if there's any disturbance the military should proclaim martial law throughout the country until things were straightened out”. Well within days the cabinet fell on its own and now everyone looked to a successor.    The Army and Navy fought for their candidate. The Nazi favored Ugaki Kazushige, but the Army held grudges against him. Ishiwara also did not like his appointment stating he had a bad political past, by bad that meant he had advocated for military budget cuts. Ugaki refused the job because of the pressure and made a note about Ishiwara's remarks towards him. Seeing Ugaki pushed aside, Ishiwara and his followers pushed for 3 other candidates; Hayashi Senjuro, House President Konoe Fumumaro and President of the privy council Hiranuma Kiichiro. Ishiwara sent to each man his 5 year plan to test their enthusiasm for it. Hiranuma didn't like it, Konoe was neutral and Hayashi liked it. So Ishiwara backed Hayashi go figure. All of his Manchurian oriented followers pushed to get him into office. When Hayashi was given Imperial command to head a new government, Ishiwara met with his Manchurian faction friends to draw a list of people to put in the cabinet. Itagaki Seishiro was chosen as war minister; Admiral Suetsugu Nobumasa known to have radical reformist leanings for navy minister; Matsuoka Yosuke or SHiratori Toshio for foreign minister, industrialist Ikeda Seihin for finance, Tsuda Shingo for commerce and industry, Sogo Shinji as chief cabinet secretary and Miyazaki as chairman. Ishiwara himself stayed carefully in the background to make it seem like he was only attending military duties.    But rivals to Ishiwara began working against him, especially some of those Kodoha hardliners who felt he betrayed them. They pressed Hayashi to not accept many of Ishiwara's cabinet candidates such as Itagaki and Hayashi backed off the majority of them as a result. The effort to form a Macnhurian cabal failed and this further led to a lack of enthusiasm for Ishiwara's national defense plans. Hayashi's government which Ishiwara had placed his hopes upon became antagonistic towards him and his followers.    Now over in Manchuria, the Kwantung army was looking to seize territory in northern China and inner mongolia. This was something Ishiwara was flip floppy about. At first he began speaking about the need to simply develop Manchukuo so that China and Inner mongolia would follow suite, but gradually he began to warm up to schemes to invade. Though when he heard his former Kwantun colleagues were basically going to perform the exact same plan he had done with the Mukden incident he traveled back to Manchuria to dissuade them. Ishiwara landed at Dairen and within days of his arrival he learned that 15,000 troops under Prince Demchugdongrub, known also as Prince Teh of Mongolia, backed by Kwantung arms and aircraft were launching a full scale invasion of Suiyuan province. Ishiwara was furious and he screamed at the General staff “the next time I visit the Kwantung Army I'm going to piss on the floor of the commanders office!”    Within a month, the Warlord Yan Xishan, now fighting for the NRA turned back Prince Teh's forces. This angered the Kwantung army, fueling what Ishiwara always feared, a war between China and Japan. Ishiwara began lecturing left right and center about how Japan needed to curb her imperialist aggression against China. He advocated as always racial harmonization, about the East Asian League idea, cooperation between China and Japan. He thought perhaps China could be induced by joined a federation with Japan and to do all of this Japan should help develop Manchukuo as a positive model. Ishiwara warned any aggressive actions against China would waste valuable resources needed dearly to be directed against the USSR. In his words “China was an endless bog that would swallow men and materiel without prospect of victory and it would cripple the possibility of East Asian Union” Prophetic words to be sure.   Ishiwara was still influential and many in Hayashi's cabinet headed him, trying to push for more diplomacy with China. But by spring of 1937 Tokyo HQ had split over the issue. On one side were Ishiwara and those seeking to obtain a sort of treaty with China to form an alliance against the USSR. On the other hand the Nationalists and Communists were on the verge of forming a united front allied to the USSR, thus the invading China faction was gaining steam. This faction simply sought to get China out of the way, then focus on the USSR. As much as Ishiwara fought it, the China War would come nonetheless.   In June of 1937, a report from a Japanese civilian visiting China reached Colonel Kawabe Torashiro. The report stated that the China Garrison Army in the Peking area were planning an incident similar to what had occurred in Mukden in 1931. Kawabe took the report to Ishiwara who said he would investigate the matter. Ishiwara pressed the war ministry to send Colonel Okamoto Kiyotomi to the military administration section to north china to warn Generals Hashimoto Gun of the China Garrison Army and Kwabe Msakazu commander the brigade station in the Peking area that Tokyo would not tolerate provocation actions. Okamoto came back and stated they reassured him it was just rumors and nothing was occurring.   Two weeks later on July 7th, the infamous Marco Polo Bridge incident began WW2. When it began, Tokyo took it as a minor incident, just some skirmishes between minor forces, but the fighting grew and grew. The two factions in Tokyo who we can call the “expansionists and non expansionists” began arguing on what to do. The expansionists argued this was the time to deliver a quick and decisive blow, which meant mobilizing and dispatching divisions into northern China to overwhelm them. The non expansionists argued they needed to terminate hostilities immediately and seek diplomacy before the conflict got out of hand. From the offset of the conflict, Ishiwara led the doomed non expansionists. Ishiwara tried to localize the conflict to prevent more Japanese from getting involved. To do this he urged Prince Kan'in to send a cable on July 8th to the local Japanese forces to settle the issue locally. But they reported back that the Nanjing government was tossing 4 divisions of reinforcements to the area, prompting the Japanese to mobilize 3 divisions in response. For 3 days Ishiwara tried to halt the reinforcements, but the Nanjing report came true, the Chinese reinforcements arrived to the scene, pushing the Japanese to do the same. General Kawabe Masakazu argued 12,000 Japanese civilians were in the area and now under threat, thus Ishiwara had to stand down.   The conflict at the Marco Polo Bridge quickly got out of hand. Ishiwara was very indecisive, he tried to thwart the spread of the conflict, but he was continuously forced to stand down when reports false or true poured in about Chinese offensives. In fact, Ishiwara's efforts were getting him in a ton of trouble as his colleagues began to point out they were hindering the military operations which at the time were trying to end the conflict quickly. Ishiwara did not go down without a fight tossing one last attempt to stop the conflict. He urged Prime Minister Konoe to fly to Nanjing to speak directly with Chiang Kai Shek, it was a last ditch effort before the Japanese reinforcements arrived. When Konoe received requests to do this from multiple Japanese military leaders on urged on by Ishiwara, he was initially favorable to the idea and had a plane prepared for the trip. But within hours of the idea leaked out raising a storm of protests from the expansionists. Sugiyama then told Konoe it was Ishiwara pushing the idea and that his views represented a small minority in the military. Konoe ultimately back down and chose not to do it. Ishiwara was outraged when he found out screaming “tell the Prime minister that in 2000 years of our history no man will have done more to destroy Japan than he has by his indecisiveness in this crisis”.   Ishiwara began fighting with his colleagues as the situation worsened. He tabled a motion to press Nanjing to support Manchukuo in order for the Japanese to withdraw, but his colleagues blocked it. By August the conflict had spread as far as Shanghai and now even the IJN were getting involved. To this Ishiwara argued they should just evacuate Japanese civilians in Shanghai and pay them several hundred million yen in compensation as it would be cheaper than a war. He was quickly overruled. Thus the North China Incident simply became the China incident. In early september Ishiwara tried one last attempt to negotiate a settlement, trying to get Germany to mediate, but by mid september Ishiwara's influence had dropped considerably. By late september Ishiwara was removed from the General staff by General Tada. The remnants of Ishiwara's followers in the central army were defeated, particularly when Konoe declared in January of 1938 that Japan would not treat with Chiang Kai-shek. Ironically Konoe would quickly come around to believe Japan had made a grave mistake. By 1938 24 IJA divisions were tossed into China, the next year this became 34. 

Beroendet av Kina för import av strategiska råvaror har länge varit ett orosmoln över Bryssel. Nu lanseras nya planer för att säkra försörjningen, men frågan är hur långt det räcker. Lyssna på alla avsnitt i Sveriges Radio Play. Handelskriget mellan Kina och USA har fått larmklockorna att ljuda allt högre i Bryssel om hur Kina dominerar den globala marknaden för kritiska råvaror. Det var i början av oktober som Peking drog i exportbromsen för sällsynta jordartsmetaller och även om det nu verkar som att Europa omfattas av en paus i exportstoppet så har frågan om Kinaberoendet blivit än mer akut för EU. I ett tal häromveckan lanserade kommissionsordföranden Ursula von der Leyen en ny slogan: ”ReSourceEU”. Von der Leyen menar att EU nu måste hitta nya sätt att säkra tillgången på kritiska råvaror och pekar på återvinning som en del av lösningen. Men hur långt räcker det? Ännu är det oklart om de nya planerna kommer backas upp av finansiering. Och vad är egentligen nytt från EU:s befintliga förordning om kritiska råvaror? Hör också om skrällen i det nederländska valet, där den vänsterliberala Europavännen Rob Jetten från partiet D66 ligger bäst till att lyckas bilda regering och bli landets nya premiärminister. Medverkande: Andreas Liljeheden, Brysselkorrespondent. Niklas Rossbach, analytiker vid Försvarshögskolan. Programledare: Parisa HöglundProducent: Therese Rosenvinge

Erst hat US-Präsident Trump überraschend Atomwaffentests angekündigt, dann hat er Russland und China vorgeworfen, heimlich solche Tests durchzuführen. Was von den Aussagen zu halten ist und wie Peking und Moskau darauf reagieren, fasst Kai Küstner im Gespräch mit Host Stefan Niemann zusammen. Er zeichnet auch den Zick-Zack-Kurs nach, den Trump bei der möglichen Lieferung von Tomahawk-Marschflugkörpern an die Ukraine hingelegt hat. Unterstützung in Form von Patriots bekommt das von Russland angegriffene Land aus Deutschland. Gleichzeitig will die Ukraine in Berlin ein Büro für den Export ihrer Rüstungsgüter sowie eine gemeinsame Waffenproduktion eröffnen. Weitere Themen in dieser Ausgabe von Streitkräfte und Strategien sind die Situation der Kinder in der Ukraine, die wieder aufflammende Diskussion über den neuen Wehrdienst in Deutschland und die aktuelle Lage an der Front. Vor allem in der Stadt Pokrowsk wird sie immer brenzliger für die ukrainische Armee. Kai ordnet ein, welche strategische Bedeutung Pokrowsk noch hat. Außerdem blickt er nach Mali, wo Al-Kaida-Terroristen seit Wochen gezielt Tanklaster angreifen und damit die Militärregierung sowie russische Soldaten unter gewaltigen Druck setzen. Die Bundesregierung rät Deutschen jetzt zur Ausreise aus Mali. Im Schwerpunkt dieser Folge spricht Stefan mit Julia Weigelt über die Frage, ob und unter welchen Umständen Blauhelm-Truppen der Vereinten Nationen eines Tages beim Absichern eines möglichen Waffenstillstandes in der Ukraine helfen könnten. So fern dieses Szenario heute scheinen mag - eine UN-Beteiligung würde auch dem Völkerrecht wieder zu mehr Geltung verhelfen. Lob und Kritik, alles bitte per Mail an streitkraefte@ndr.de Jugendliche und Kinder in russisch besetzten Gebieten: https://www.tagesschau.de/ausland/europa/ukraine-besetzte-gebiete-russland-102.html Aktueller ‘Save the Children'-Report: https://www.savethechildren.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Downloads_Dokumente/Berichte_Studien/2025/stop-the-war-on-children-2025-save-the-children.pdf Völkerrecht und Friedensmissionen (Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung) https://sicherheitspolitik.bpb.de/de/m2/articles/international-law-and-peace-missions Modelle zur Absicherung eines möglichen Waffenstillstandes in der Ukraine (SWP) https://www.swp-berlin.org/publications/products/arbeitspapiere/Arbeitspapier_FG03_02_2025_C_Major_A_Kleemann.pdf Potential European mission in Ukraine: key military factors (International Institute for Strategic Studies) https://www.iiss.org/online-analysis/military-balance/2025/03/potential-european-mission-in-ukraine-key-military-factors/ Terroristen erzeugen Treibstoffkrise in Mali: https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1736988/politique/mali-5-questions-pour-comprendre-la-crise-du-carburant-qui-paralyse-le-pays/ Alle Folgen von “Streitkräfte und Strategien” https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/info/podcast2998.html Podcast-Tipp: ARD Klima Update https://1.ard.de/ARD_Klima_Update?=cp

Robotvargar, drönare och hypersoniska missiler. Hör om hur Kina gått från att kopiera andra länders vapen till att nu ligga i teknisk framkant. Lyssna på alla avsnitt i Sveriges Radio Play. Kommunistpartiets militärparad i Peking i september skapade rubriker världen över och militära experter kunde räkna till ett tjugotal helt nya vapensystem. Slående var också en ny hög grad av innovation från Kinas sida. Men vad betyder allt det nya som Kina visar upp? Klart är att Kina lägger stort fokus på obemannade system, men frågor kvarstår om den faktiska militära förmågan.Medverkande: Moa Kärnstrand, Kinakorrespondent. Hanna Sahlberg, Kinareporter. Per Olsson, analytiker vid Totalförsvarets forskningsinstitut (FOI) och expert på Kinas militära upprustning.Programledare: Björn DjurbergProducent: Therese Rosenvinge

10 Jahre Rendite-Spezialisten! Jetzt einmalige Aktion sichern: http://www.rendite-spezialisten.de
 Heute gibt es gleich zwei Themen in einem Podcast: Zum einen möchte ich über einen Megatrend sprechen, der zwar nicht völlig unbekannt ist – auch wenn ein Titel wie „Der unbekannte Megatrend“ auf YouTube sicher gut klingen würde –, aber tatsächlich gerade dabei ist, noch viel, viel größer zu werden. Dabei geht es nicht um Künstliche Intelligenz an sich, auch wenn sich dieser Trend gerade dort am schnellsten entwickelt. Doch er betrifft weit mehr als nur KI. Zum anderen möchte ich auf Chinas aktuellen Fünfjahresplan eingehen: Welche Ziele verfolgt Peking? In welche Richtung entwickelt sich das Land in den kommenden fünf Jahren? Und natürlich – wie können Anleger von dieser Entwicklung profitieren.
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Ein wichtiger abschließender Hinweis: Aus rechtlichen Gründen darf ich keine individuelle Einzelberatung geben. Meine geäußerte Meinung stellt keinerlei Aufforderung zum Handeln dar. Sie ist keine Aufforderung zum Kauf oder Verkauf von Wertpapieren.
 Zum Zeitpunkt der Erstellung dieses Beitrags war der Autor, Lars Erichsen, in folgenden der besprochenen Finanzinstrumente selbst investiert: Ark Artificial Intelligence & Robotics ETF. Geplante Änderungen: Keine. Weitere Informationen entnehmen Sie bitte unserem Transparenzhinweis zum Umgang mit Interessenskonflikten: https://www.lars-erichsen.de/transparenz-und-rechtshinweis

Das chinesische Monopol auf Seltene Erden wird immer mehr zur Gefahr für Europa und seine Verteidigung.

Matthew Bannister onThe actor Prunella Scales, best known for playing Sybil in the TV comedy Fawlty Towers. Her son Samuel West reflects on her long career and happy marriage to fellow actor Timothy West. Gillian Tindall, the writer who pioneered the technique of exploring history through the portal of a particular house or area. Roger Smith, who co-founded and ran the Great Outdoors Challenge, encouraging thousands to walk across Scotland.Anthony Grey, the novelist and journalist who was held in solitary confinement for over two years by Red Guards during China's Cultural Revolution.Producer: Ed Prendeville Assistant Producer: Ribika Moktan Researcher: Jesse Edwards Editor: Glyn TansleyARCHIVE USED: Great Canal Journeys Series 1 Episode 1, Channel 4, 10/03/2014; Desert Island Discs, BBC Radio 4, 05/06/1992; Suppose I Lose It, BBC Radio 4, 16/05/2016; A Question of Attribution, BBC Two, 20/10/1991; Fawlty Towers: Series 1: The Hotel Inspectors, BBC Two, 10/10/1975; Fawlty Towers: Series 2: The Psychiatrist, BBC Two, 26/02/1979; Fawlty Towers: Series 2: Basil the Rat, BBC Two, 25/10/1979; Fawlty Towers: Series 1: The Builders, BBC Two, 26/09/1975; Fawlty Towers: Series 2: Communication Problems, BBC Two, 19/02/1979; BBC News, BBC Radio 4, 26/11/1968; Anthony Grey To Be Released: Mother Waits, BBC News, 03/10/1963; Anthony Grey Released: Mother Hears News, News, 04/10/1963; Radio Newsreel, BBC World Service, 12/10/1969; Desert Island Discs, BBC Radio 4, 01/11/1969; Anthony Grey: One Man's Freedom, One Pair of Eyes, BBC Two, 26/06/1971; Return to Peking, BBC Two, 12/12/1988; Voices from a French Village, BBC Radio 4, 29/05/1996; Robert Elms, BBC Radio London, 05/09/2016; Bricks and Mortals, BBC Radio 4, 18/05/2005; The Adventure Show, BBC Two Scotland, 03/08/2008; Scotland Outdoors - A Coast to Coast Backpack Challenge, Beekeeping in Kinross and the Capercaillie of Speyside, BBC Radio Scotland, 24/05/2025;

Ein politischer Berater und Schatzmeister einer kalifornischen Stadträtin führte eine pro-Peking-Website auf Chinesisch. Und er warb in Peking um Gelder, um Dissidentengruppen zu stören. Nun flog er auf.

Putin präsentiert neue Atomwaffen, China baut sein nukleares Arsenal im Rekordtempo aus - und die USA erwägen nach Jahrzehnten die Rückkehr zu Atomtests. Das Wettrüsten scheint wieder Fahrt aufzunehmen. Historisch führten die USA seit 1992 kein Testprogramm mehr durch - zuletzt testete nur Nordkorea. Darüber sprechen die Hosts Stefan Niemann und Anna Engelke in der Sendung heute. Außerdem geht es um das überraschende Treffen zwischen US-Präsident Donald Trump und Chinas Staats- und Parteichef Xi Jinping. Es ist das erste seit sechs Jahren. Welche Rolle spielt Europa im Machtpoker zwischen China und den USA? Darüber spricht Anna Engelke mit China-Expertin Dr. Maybrit Stumbaum. Sie ist Reservistin bei der Luftwaffe und ordnet das Treffen zwischen Donald Trump und Xi Jinping ein: Beim Ukraine-Krieg spiele Peking weiter pro-russisch, um die USA von Asien fernzuhalten. China habe kein Interesse an einem schnellen Kriegsende, zumindest nicht zu Ungunsten Russlands, erklärt Stumbaum. Weiter warnt die Politik-Professorin: Europa droht im Machtspiel der Großmächte zur "Speisekarte" statt zum Mitspieler zu werden und müsse geschlossen auftreten, besonders im Umgang mit China. Eine Wiederaufnahme von Atomtests sei zwar überraschend, passe aber zur sicherheitspolitischen Zeitenwende. China rüste sein Atomarsenal rasch auf und könne von einer "neuen Normalität" bei Nuklearwaffentests profitieren. Stefan beleuchtet außerdem die militärische Lage in der Ukraine, wo die inzwischen teilweise von russischen Soldaten eroberte Stadt Pokrowsk zu fallen droht. Gleichzeitig gehen Russlands Angriffe auf zivile Ziele in vielen Landesteilen weiter. Wolodymyr Selenskyj ist es gelungen, die Lieferung von bis zu 150 schwedischen Gripen-Kampfjets zu vereinbaren - so soll der Luftraum künftig besser geschützt werden. Auch Russland hat massive Probleme mit der Flugabwehr - die vielen erfolgreichen Angriffe der Ukraine auf Ölanlagen oder Treibstofflager zeugen davon. Lob und Kritik, alles bitte per Mail an streitkraefte@ndr.de Alle Folgen von “Streitkräfte und Strategien” https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/info/podcast2998.html das Interview mit Dr. Habil. May-Britt U. Stumbaum, Direktorin des SPEAR-Instituts: https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/info/audio-319076.html SZ-Portrait über May-Britt Stumbaum: "Bei China war einfach so viel Musik drin" https://www.sueddeutsche.de/muenchen/starnberg/herrsching-china-sicherheitspolitik-professorin-may-britt-stumbaum-1.6330128 tagesschau.de: Bilanz nach Treffen zwischen Xi und Trump https://www.tagesschau.de/video/video-1520864.html Podcast-Tipp: ARD Klima Update - “Verbrenner-Aus: Wann nehmen E-Autos richtig Fahrt auf?” https://www.ardaudiothek.de/episode/urn:ard:episode:a272d81f968597f8/

In Südkorea haben sich der amerikanische Präsident Donald Trump und der chinesische Staats- und Parteichef Xi Jinping erstmals seit Jahren zu einem persönlichen Gespräch getroffen. Zuvor war der Wirtschaftsstreit der beiden größten Volkswirtschaften der Welt eskaliert: Peking verkündete, die Ausfuhr der sogenannten Seltenen Erden drastisch zu beschränken, Washington drohte daraufhin hohe neue Zölle an. Davon betroffen sind immer wieder auch Deutschland und Europa, wo Unternehmen mitunter indirekt unter manchem Schlag leiden, den sich die beiden Großmächte zufügen. Nicht zuletzt standen neulich das niederländisch-chinesische Chipunternehmen Nexperia und die deutsche Autoindustrie im Fokus. Was hat das Treffen der beiden Staatschefs gebracht? Haben sich Trump und Xi verständigt, wenn es um den Export der Seltenen Erden von China nach Amerika und den Export von Hochtechnologie von Amerika nach China geht? Wer hat eigentlich die besseren Karten in diesem Streit gerade? Und warum? Über all das und mehr sprechen wir in dieser Episode.

Trotz freundlicher Gesten haben sich die USA und China auf ihrem Gipfel am Donnerstag nur auf eine taktische Pause im Handelskonflikt geeinigt, ohne dass Peking seinen Trumpf aus der Hand gegeben hätte. Der ganz große Wurf blieb aus, die Märkte reagieren abwartend. Taiwan war auch kein Thema.  Eine Analyse des RT-Teams

Extrapodd. Donald Trump hyllar mötet med Xi Jinping och kallar det fantastiskt. Men även om ledarna signalerar avkylning är handelskriget inte över. Lyssna på alla avsnitt i Sveriges Radio Play. USA lovar att sänka sina strafftullar på kinesiska varor och Kina uppges släppa sina exportrestriktioner på sällsynta jordartsmetaller. Mötet mellan Xi och Trump i Sydkorea natten till torsdag beskrivs av Trump som mycket framgångsrikt: ”12 av 10”, sade den amerikanska presidenten till reportrar efter mötet. Trump öppnar också för att besöka Peking i vår. Men när utfallet från mötet börjar klarna framstår det ändå som att Peking dragit det längsta strået. Kinas möjligheter att kontrollera flödet av sällsynta jordartsmetaller finns kvar och några kostsamma eftergifter från Kinas sida syns inte. Medverkande: Moa Kärnstrand, Kinakorrespondent. Hanna Sahlberg, Kinareporter.Programledare och producent: Therese Rosenvinge

(c) WDR 2025 Von WDR 5.

Še vedno odmeva sobotna tragedija v Novem mestu. V Novem mestu bodo danes pokopali Aleša Šutarja. Na pogrebu pričakujejo veliko ljudi. Za umrlim žalujejo tudi Romi, so sporočili iz ene od njihovih zvez. Romi naj bi se danes zbrali tudi na shodu v Črnomlju, ki pa se še ni začel. Medtem vlada pripravlja zakonske podlage za napovedane ukrepe. Sekretariat sveta za nacionalno varnost ji je danes predlagal tudi aktivacijo vojske, ki bi policiji pomagala v mešanih patruljah, a brez policijskih pooblastil. Drugi poudarki oddaje: - Peking odložil omejitev izvoza redkih zemelj, Washington bo zmanjšal carine na uvoz iz Kitajske. - Gruzijska vladajoča stranka si želi prepovedi treh opozicijskih, češ da ogrožajo ustavni red. - V slovenski Istri pospešeno obirajo oljke, tokratna letina zadovoljiva.

In China hofft man, dass deutsche Politik ihr Verhältnis zu China eigenständig austarieren wird und zur Balance findet. Diese Hoffnung ist trügerisch. Es fehlt der deutschen Politik an Einsicht und der Fähigkeit zur Analyse, um die eigene Position zu korrigieren. Es braucht harte Maßnahmen. Von Gert Ewen Ungar

Die China-Reise von Bundesaußenminister Johann Wadephul wurde abgesagt. War das richtig und wie können wir uns weniger erpressbar machen durch Peking? Dazu Unions-Außenexperte Jürgen Hardt.

Die europäischen Medien bezeichnen die Absage des Besuchs des Bundesaußenministers in China als "außenpolitische Katastrophe". Darüber hinaus hat Xi Jinping ein Treffen mit Friedrich Merz abgelehnt. Wozu will Europa China "wirtschaftlich zwingen" und wie reagiert Peking darauf?  Von Walerija Werbinina

In einem Referendum haben die Münchnerinnen und Münchner für eine Bewerbung ihrer Stadt um die Olympischen Sommerspiele gestimmt. Das könnte eine Trendwende in Deutschland markieren.

Mitt i London vill Peking bygga sin största ambassad i Europa. Samtidigt skakas Storbritannien av en kinesisk spionskandal. Lyssna på alla avsnitt i Sveriges Radio Play. Två män har stått åtalade i Storbritannien, misstänkta för spionage för Kinas räkning. Den ena mannen arbetade som tjänsteman i det brittiska parlamentet och spionmisstankarna har fått stor uppmärksamhet. De åtalade männen nekar till anklagelserna och nyligen kom den oväntade vändningen att hela rättegången ställs in. Åklagaren kan inte driva fallet vidare eftersom den brittiska regeringen inte varit tydlig nog med att Kina utgjort ett hot mot landet. Regeringen Starmer och oppositionen skyller nu på varandra och premiärministern får hård kritik för att inte våga stå upp mot Peking.Varnar för spioncentral – mitt i LondonParallellt med debatten om det kinesiska underrättelsehotet har den brittiska regeringen fått ett högkänsligt bygglovsärende på sitt bord. Mitt i London, nära huvudstadens finansdistrikt, äger Kina en attraktiv tomt med ett stort byggnadskomplex. Peking vill nu bygga om komplexen till en ny jätteambassad. Det skulle kunna bli Kinas största ambassad i Europa och enligt ritningarna har byggnaden stora underjordiska faciliteter. Men kommer den brittiska regeringen ge grönt ljus åt Kinas planer? Kritiker i Storbritannien varnar för att platsen kan bli en bas för kinesiskt spionage i Europa.Medverkande: Hanna Sahlberg, Ekots Kinareporter. Moa Kärnstrand, Kinakorrespondent. Nina Benner, Londonkorrespondent. Programledare: Björn DjurbergProducent: Therese Rosenvinge

Die US-chinesischen Handelsgespräche, die am Wochenende in Malaysia stattfanden, haben überraschend zu einer "vorläufigen Einigung" geführt. So äußerte sich zumindest der chinesische Unterhändler Li Chenggang. Die Erwartungen sind nun deutlich gestiegen, dass Donald Trump und Xi Jinping bei ihrem geplanten Treffen am Donnerstag in Südkorea einen Deal verkünden werden. Europa hingegen schaut derzeit etwas blass aus; insbesondere Deutschland, dessen Außenminister Johann Wadephul am Sonntag eigentlich seine Antrittsreise nach Peking hätte beginnen sollen. Warum ich es dennoch für eine richtige Entscheidung halte, dass er die Dienstreise kurz vor Abflug verschoben hat, erkläre ich dir im aktuellen Update des Beijing Briefing. Viel Spaß beim Hören!Kontakt: BeijingBriefing@gmail.com Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Premier Robert Golob je po nasilju in smrti 48-letnega moškega v Novem mestu sprejel odstopa pravosodne ministrice Andreje Katič in notranjega ministra Boštjana Poklukarja. Ta je ponovil, da je vsakršno nasilje v družbi nesprejemljivo. Po besedah Katičeve morajo svoje delo strokovno opraviti pravosodni organi. Premier Golob je tako državljane kot politike pozval, naj prispevajo k umiritvi razmer. Pristojni medtem že snujejo prve nujne ukrepe. Ostali poudarki oddaje: - Peking in Washington napredovala v trgovinskih pogovorih. - Rusija preizkusila novo visoko zmogljivo jedrsko raketo. - S podelitvijo vesen se bo sklenil Festival slovenskega filma.

Der asiatisch-pazifische Raum ist ein echter Flashpoint der Weltpolitik. Hier ringen die beiden großen Supermächte, China und die USA, um die Vorherrschaft – und zwar immer heftiger. Auch das Verhältnis zwischen Xi Jinping und Donald Trump, den beiden Präsidenten, ist ja gerade nicht das beste. Sollte es zwischen den beiden Ländern also einmal richtig krachen, dann vielleicht genau hier: im Indopazifik. Das Team des Weltspiegel sendet diese Woche aus der Region – aus Taiwan. Das könnt ihr am Sonntag in der ARD Mediathek sehen. Deswegen sprechen auch wir im Weltspiegel Podcast heute darüber: über den Wettstreit der Supermächte USA und China im Indopazifik – einer Region, in der so viele Bodenschätze schlummern, in der es so viel Streit um geostrategische Interessen gibt und in der gerade massiv aufgerüstet wird. Mit dabei in dieser Folge: Gudrun Engel, unsere Korrespondentin in Washington, und Jörg Endriss in Peking. ----- Moderation: Philipp Abresch Redaktion: Philipp Weber, Udo Schmidt Mitarbeit: Emilian Grimm, Wiebke Neelsen, Caroline Mennerich Redaktionsschluss: 24.10.2025 ----- +++ Hinweis zur Transparenz +++ In der Folge am Freitag haben sich zwei Fehler eingeschlichen. Leider wurde unsere aktualisierte Folge nicht auf allen Plattformen übernommen. Folgendes müssen wir korrigieren: 1. Nancy Pelosi, damals Sprecherin des US-Repräsentantenhauses, war nur einmal in Taiwan 2. Xi Jinping hat mehrfach verkündet, dass er eine Vereinigung von Taiwan mit der Volkrepublik China anstrebt. Eine konkrete Jahreszahl hat er nicht genannt. Taiwan unter die Herrschaft der Kommunistischen Führung in Peking zu stellen gehört laut Xi Jinping zum Plan einer so genannten nationalen Wiedergeburt Chinas. Diese soll spätestens 100 Jahre nach Gründung der Volksrepublik bis zum Jahr 2049 umgesetzt werden. +++ ----- Alle Folgen des Weltspiegel Podcasts findet ihr hier: https://www.ardaudiothek.de/sendung/weltspiegel-podcast/61593768/ -----  Live-Podcast zur Hamburger Woche der Pressefreiheit: "Weltspiegel Podcast" und "Amerika, wir müssen reden!". 04.11.25, 19:00-21:00 in der Zentralbibliothek in Hamburg. Weitere Informationen und Tickets findet ihr hier: https://www.buecherhallen.de/zentralbibliothek-termin/hamburger-woche-der-pressefreiheit-amerika-wir-muessen-reden-20226/datum/20251104.html ----- Das Weltspiegel Magazin Live aus Taiwan mit Tessniem Kadiri am 26.10.25 linear im Ersten oder in der ARD-Mediathek. https://www.ardmediathek.de/weltspiegel ----- Feedback, Themenvorschläge & Lob gerne an: weltspiegel.podcast@ard.de

Der asiatisch-pazifische Raum ist ein echter Flashpoint der Weltpolitik. Hier ringen die beiden großen Supermächte, China und die USA, um die Vorherrschaft – und zwar immer heftiger. Auch das Verhältnis zwischen Xi Jinping und Donald Trump, den beiden Präsidenten, ist ja gerade nicht das beste. Sollte es zwischen den beiden Ländern also einmal richtig krachen, dann vielleicht genau hier: im Indopazifik. Das Team des Weltspiegel sendet diese Woche aus der Region – aus Taiwan. Das könnt ihr am Sonntag in der ARD Mediathek sehen. Deswegen sprechen auch wir im Weltspiegel Podcast heute darüber: über den Wettstreit der Supermächte USA und China im Indopazifik – einer Region, in der so viele Bodenschätze schlummern, in der es so viel Streit um geostrategische Interessen gibt und in der gerade massiv aufgerüstet wird. Mit dabei in dieser Folge: Gudrun Engel, unsere Korrespondentin in Washington, und Jörg Endriss in Peking. ----- Moderation: Philipp Abresch Redaktion: Philipp Weber, Udo Schmidt Mitarbeit: Emilian Grimm, Wiebke Neelsen, Caroline Mennerich Redaktionsschluss: 24.10.2025 ----- +++ Hinweis zur Transparenz: Dies ist eine neu hochgeladene Version des Podcasts. In der ersten Version hatten sich zwei Fehler eingeschlichen, die wir nun korrigiert haben. +++ ----- Alle Folgen des Weltspiegel Podcasts findet ihr hier: https://www.ardaudiothek.de/sendung/weltspiegel-podcast/61593768/ -----  Live-Podcast zur Hamburger Woche der Pressefreiheit: "Weltspiegel Podcast" und "Amerika, wir müssen reden!". 04.11.25, 19:00-21:00 in der Zentralbibliothek in Hamburg. Weitere Informationen und Tickets findet ihr hier: https://www.buecherhallen.de/zentralbibliothek-termin/hamburger-woche-der-pressefreiheit-amerika-wir-muessen-reden-20226/datum/20251104.html ----- Das Weltspiegel Magazin Live aus Taiwan mit Tessniem Kadiri am 26.10.25 linear im Ersten oder in der ARD-Mediathek. https://www.ardmediathek.de/weltspiegel ----- Feedback, Themenvorschläge & Lob gerne an: weltspiegel.podcast@ard.de

PLA Dissent Rumors and General Zhang Youxia's Loyalty Strategy. John Batchelor and General Blaine Holt discuss the rumor mill regarding the People's Liberation Army (PLA) and potential dissent against Xi Jinping. Specifically, rumors suggest General Zhang Youxia, a top uniformed PLA leader, is unhappy with changes in the country's direction. Holt notes that this information is currently under the "fog of diplomacy, fog of war." However, based on his research, Zhang Youxia has successfully ensured commanders of elite units, including the 82nd around Beijing, are loyal to the PLA itself, rather than solely the Chinese Communist Party. This strategy has helped stabilize the military situation. Holt suggests that average Chinese soldiers facing economic issues might see a morale boost if they believe their top general could lead efforts to "right the ship." 1906 PEKING

Parlamentarierinnen und Parlamentarier sehen sich regelmässig mit Anfeindungen, Drohungen und Erniedrigungen konfrontiert. Über das ganze Ausmass war bislang aber nur wenig bekannt. Nun zeigt eine Umfrage im Auftrag des Bundes: In Schweizer Parlamenten ist jedes zweite Mitglied betroffen. Weitere Themen: Im Schatten des rasant steigenden Goldkurses rückt mit Silber ein anderes Edelmetall verstärkt in den Fokus. Auch hier haben die Preise Rekordwerte erreicht, wenn auch auf deutlich tieferem Niveau. Doch Analysten sagen: Diese Entwicklung nach oben ist noch nicht vorbei. In Peking wird diese Woche der neueste Fünfjahresplan der Zentralregierung für die Jahre 2026 bis 2030 vorgestellt. Mengenvorgaben enthält der Plan schon lange nicht mehr, trotzdem ist er entscheidend für die Entwicklung der zweitgrössten Volkswirtschaft der Welt.

China hat ein Problem mit einer alternden Bevölkerung. Wir könnten vom chinesischen Umgang damit lernen, sagt unser Gast. Und: Warum wir keine rechtlichen Zugeständnisse machen sollten, um den Ukrainekrieg zu beenden. Außerdem: Ein französischer Häftling. Von WDR 5.

Die Staaten Europas im harten Ringen um Kompromisse, die den Kontinent stabilisieren sollten; Russland als lauernder Beobachter, im Schulterschluss mit China, weitere Bündnisse gen Asien knüpfend – dieses Bild der aktuellen politischen Lage zeichnet der Hamburgische Correspondent in seiner Ausgabe vom 21. Oktober 1925. Der Kontext ist einmal mehr die zurückliegende Konferenz von Locarno, die man im Kreml mit Argusaugen verfolgte, weil man durch sie die nach Rapallo zurückreichenden Spezialbeziehungen der Sowjetmacht mit dem bis dato in Europa isolierten Deutschland tangiert sehen mochte. Warum der Moskauer Korrespondent des Hamburgischen Correspondenten die Nachfolger Lenins dennoch in einer relativ komfortablen strategischen Position glaubte, weiß Frank Riede.

Vad betyder en uppgörelse mellan Xi och Trump om videoappen TikTok för handelskriget mellan världens två största ekonomier. Lyssna på alla avsnitt i Sveriges Radio Play. Ett ramverk för att sälja av kinesiska sociala medieplattformen TikTok i USA finns på plats och kan rädda appen från att stängas ner. Detta efter en uppgörelse i handelssamtalen mellan Kina och USA, där den populära videoappen tycks ha blivit en bricka i spelet mellan stormakterna. Kanske kan en deal om TikTok vara smörjmedlet som öppnar upp för andra överenskommelser i handelskriget, möjligen också ett framtida toppmöte mellan Xi Jinping och Donald Trump. Och med tanke på att Peking länge begränsat tillgången till internet och appar i Kina så frågar vi oss vart USA är på väg när Washington i fallet TikTok hotar med samma sak. Medverkande: Moa Kärnstrand, Kinakorrespondent. Hanna Sahlberg, Kinareporter. Programledare & producent: Björn Djurberg

HEADLINE: China's Economic Slowdown, Deflation, and the Spectre of Japanification GUEST NAME: Andrew Collier SUMMARY: Andrew Collier discusses China's economic woes, characterized by persistent deflation, with the CPI down 0.3% (6 out of 9 months in the red) and the PPI down for 36 straight months. This environment raises concerns about "Japanification"—a multi-decade slowdown after a property crash. Major structural changes to stimulate consumer consumption are unlikely at the upcoming Communist Party plenum, as the system favors state investment. The property market collapse means foreign investment is leaving, and Collier suggests the economy may not bottom until 2027 or 2028. 1890 PEKING

PREVIEW China's Economic Slowdown, Deflation, and the Spectre of Japanification. Guest: Andrew Collier. Andrew Collier discusses China's economic woes, characterized by persistent deflation, with the CPI down 0.3% (6 out of 9 months in the red) and the PPI down for 36 straight months. This environment raises concerns about "Japanification"—a multi-decade slowdown after a property crash. Major structural changes to stimulate consumer consumption are unlikely at the upcoming Communist Party plenum, as the system favors state investment. The property market collapse means foreign investment is leaving, and Collier suggests the economy may not bottom until 2027 or 2028. 1950 PEKING

Kurz vor dem chinesischen Nationalfeiertag beschwert sich ein Influencer über ein Restaurant. Er kritisiert "ekelhaftes" Tiefkühlessen einer großen Restaurantkette und trifft damit einen Nerv: Die Beschwerde weitet sich zu einem nationalen Streit über chinesische Kultur und Lebensmittelqualität aus.Text und Moderation: Caroline AmmeSie haben Fragen? Schreiben Sie eine E-Mail an podcasts@ntv.deSie möchten uns unterstützen? Dann bewerten Sie den Podcast gerne bei Apple Podcasts oder Spotify.Den Podcast als Text? Einfach hier klicken.Alle Rabattcodes und Infos zu unseren Werbepartnern finden Sie hier: https://linktr.ee/wiederwasgelerntUnsere allgemeinen Datenschutzrichtlinien finden Sie unter https://datenschutz.ad-alliance.de/podcast.htmlWir verarbeiten im Zusammenhang mit dem Angebot unserer Podcasts Daten. Wenn Sie der automatischen Übermittlung der Daten widersprechen wollen, klicken Sie hier: https://datenschutz.ad-alliance.de/podcast.html+++ Hinweis zur Werbeplatzierung von Meta: https://backend.ad-alliance.de/fileadmin/Transparency_Notice/Meta_DMAJ_TTPA_Transparency_Notice_-_A… +++Unsere allgemeinen Datenschutzrichtlinien finden Sie unter https://art19.com/privacy. Die Datenschutzrichtlinien für Kalifornien sind unter https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info abrufbar.

PREVIEW HEADLINE: China Implements Rare Earth Export Controls Amid Trade Deal Negotiations GUEST NAME: Elizabeth Peek 50-WORD SUMMARY: John Batchelor speaks with Elizabeth Peek about Beijing's decision to implement export controls, potentially blocking rare earth materials essential for US and European electronics. China leverages its 70% global share, causing supply chain disruptions. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent condemned the "desperate act," claiming China aims to pull down the world economy alongside its sinking one. 1901 PEKING

Nicht nur gegen die USA und Trump, auch gegen Europa hat Peking einen echten Trumpf gespielt: Neue Exportkontrollen auf seltene Erden. Warum Xi Jinping gerade jetzt dazu greift, wo doch Ende Oktober ein Handelsabkommen beider Großmächte geschlossen werden sollte, besprechen wir mit F.A.Z.-Korrespondent Gustav Theile und Ökonom Rudi Bachmann.

Was die Wall Street belastet, sind Zeichen einer Verschärfung der Spannungen zwischen den USA und China. Peking hat fünf US-Töchter von Hanwah Ocean sanktioniert. Das in Südkorea basierende Unternehmen ist ein Riese im Bereich der Schifffahrt. Seit Mitte Oktober haben die USA besonders hohe Abfertigungskosten für chinesische Schiffe verhängt, die in den USA abgefertigt werden. Rudert China nicht zurück, plant Washington weitere Verschärfungen vorzunehmen. Was Quartalszahlen betrifft, fallen die meisten Ergebnisse heute fest aus. Wie dem auch sei, tendieren die Aktien von BlackRock, Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan und Johnson & Johnson trotzdem schwächer. Albertsons, Domino‘s, Wells Fargo und die Aktien der Citigroup tendieren nach den Zahlen freundlich, teils aber mit nur leichten Gewinnen. Die Aktien von AMD profitieren von der Meldung, dass Oracle ab dem zweiten Halbjahr 2026 50.000 AMD-Grafikprozessoren im Programm aufnehmen werden. Abonniere den Podcast, um keine Folge zu verpassen! ____ Folge uns, um auf dem Laufenden zu bleiben: • X: http://fal.cn/SQtwitter • LinkedIn: http://fal.cn/SQlinkedin • Instagram: http://fal.cn/SQInstagram

Was die Wall Street belastet, sind Zeichen einer Verschärfung der Spannungen zwischen den USA und China. Peking hat fünf US-Töchter von Hanwah Ocean sanktioniert. Das in Südkorea basierende Unternehmen ist ein Riese im Bereich der Schifffahrt. Seit Mitte Oktober haben die USA besonders hohe Abfertigungskosten für chinesische Schiffe verhängt, die in den USA abgefertigt werden. Rudert China nicht zurück, plant Washington weitere Verschärfungen vorzunehmen. Was Quartalszahlen betrifft, fallen die meisten Ergebnisse heute fest aus. Wie dem auch sei, tendieren die Aktien von BlackRock, Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan und Johnson & Johnson trotzdem schwächer. Albertsons, Domino‘s, Wells Fargo und die Aktien der Citigroup tendieren nach den Zahlen freundlich, teils aber mit nur leichten Gewinnen. Die Aktien von AMD profitieren von der Meldung, dass Oracle ab dem zweiten Halbjahr 2026 50.000 AMD-Grafikprozessoren im Programm aufnehmen werden. Ein Podcast - featured by Handelsblatt. +++ Alle Rabattcodes und Infos zu unseren Werbepartnern findet ihr hier: https://linktr.ee/wallstreet_podcast +++ Der Podcast wird vermarktet durch die Ad Alliance. Die allgemeinen Datenschutzrichtlinien der Ad Alliance finden Sie unter https://datenschutz.ad-alliance.de/podcast.html Die Ad Alliance verarbeitet im Zusammenhang mit dem Angebot die Podcasts-Daten. Wenn Sie der automatischen Übermittlung der Daten widersprechen wollen, klicken Sie hier: https://datenschutz.ad-alliance.de/podcast.html Impressum: https://www.360wallstreet.de/impressum

Hör om hur Peking använder andra världskrigets historia för att mobilisera Kinas politiska kapital i det globala maktspelet idag. Lyssna på alla avsnitt i Sveriges Radio Play. Historia kan vara ett mäktigt verktyg och Kinas styrande kommunistparti lyfter idag allt oftare fram landets historia under andra världskriget. En historieskrivning uppifrån där en stor del av tyngdpunkten nu läggs på relationerna med Ryssland. Varför pratar Xi Jinping idag om en kinesisk-rysk evig vänskap stöpt i blod och om hur ryssar och kineser slogs sida vid sida och segrade över fascismen? Och hur allvarligt är det att kommunistpartiets språkrör Folkets Dagblad publicerat en artikel där organisationer i Taiwan liknas vid nazister.Medverkande: Moa Kärnstrand, Kinakorrespondent. Hanna Sahlberg, Kinareporter. Programledare & producent: Björn Djurberg

Peking drosselt den Export Seltener Erden – auch deutsche Firmen sind betroffen. Den „Tagesanbruch" gibt es auch zum Nachlesen unter www.t-online.de/tagesanbruch Anmerkungen, Lob und Kritik gern an podcasts@t-online.de Den „Tagesanbruch“-Podcast gibt es immer montags bis samstags gegen 6 Uhr zum Start in den Tag, am Wochenende mit einer tiefgründigeren Diskussion. Verpassen Sie keine Folge und abonnieren Sie uns bei Spotify (https://open.spotify.com/show/3v1HFmv3V3Zvp1R4BT3jlO?si=klrETGehSj2OZQ_dmB5Q9g), Apple Podcasts (https://itunes.apple.com/de/podcast/t-online-tagesanbruch/id1374882499?mt=2), Amazon Music (https://music.amazon.de/podcasts/961bad79-b3ba-4a93-9071-42e0d3cdd87f/tagesanbruch-von-t-online) oder überall sonst, wo es Podcasts gibt. Wenn Ihnen der Podcast gefällt, lassen Sie gern eine Bewertung da.

Peking soll mit Moskau zusammenarbeiten, um strategische Ziele für Angriffe zu identifizieren. Präsident Selenskyj kritisierte zudem, dass russische Drohnen über 100.000 ausländische Komponenten benötigen würden – unter anderem aus den USA, China, Großbritannien, Deutschland und weiteren Ländern.

När USA lämnar Parisavtalet kliver nu Kina fram och vill ta plats som världens klimathjälte. Men hur långt räcker Kinas nya klimatlöften? Lyssna på alla avsnitt i Sveriges Radio Play. Medan Donald Trump tar beslut om att USA ska lämna det globala klimatavtalet och avfärdar klimatförändringarna som en bluff väljer Kina en helt annan väg. När Xi Jinping talade inför FN:s generalförsamling nu i september presenterade han för första gången konkreta kvantitativa mål för att minska Kinas utsläpp. Kina, världens största utsläppare av växthusgaser, ska nu minska sina utsläpp med 7 till 10 procent fram till 2035 utlovar Xi. Men löftet lämnar flera frågetecken hängande i luften. Samtidigt som Kina är den stora globala leverantören av tex batterier och solceller så fortsätter Kina att bygga nya kolkraftverk. Hör om hur klimatfrågan blir en ny arena för Peking där man kan flytta fram sin position på världsscenen och stärka sin makt.Medverkande: Moa Kärnstrand, Kinakorrespondent. Hanna Sahlberg, Ekots Kinareporter.Programledare. Björn DjurbergProducent: Therese Rosenvinge

Im Kurzzeitgedächtnis des Tennispropheten Andreas Du-Rieux wird sind die Frauen in Peking besonders präsent, aber er Producer Jens Huiber erinnert auch gerne an die schon früher gekürten Champions der Männer in Peking und vor allem Tokio.

HEADLINE: US Enforcement of New Rules Targeting Adversarial Supply Chains GUEST NAME: Jack BurnhamSUMMARY: John Batchelor speaks with Jack Burnham of the Foundation for Defense of Democracies about the Trump administration's new Commerce and Treasury rules targeting adversarial weapons supply chains. The rules place critical components on the entity list. Enforcement requires significant allied cooperation, with Burnham recommending parallel policies from the EU, UK, and Japan. 1950 PEKING

Inläst: Silicon Valley drömmer om en allsmäktig AI. Peking svarar med att bygga kontroll. Där USA ser en kapplöpning om framtiden, ser Kina en risk för kaos. ”Kina säger nej tack, vi vill inte ha era problem”, säger analytikern Kendra Schaefer.

Peking, 1937: a city boiling with spies, diplomats, dope peddlers, and ghosts. Into that chaos steps Pamela Werner — young, restless, with a life full of promise, as the whole world readies for war. Then one night she rides her bicycle into the dark and doesn't come back. What's found at the base of the Fox Tower isn't a body so much as a message carved in horror — a slaughter so vicious it shakes the city of Peking, China. Was it lust? Politics? Some private madness hiding in plain sight?  This is a story of fear, conspiracy, and a father turned half-mad detective chasing phantoms through a city about to be devoured by war. Citizens of the Milky Way, prepare yourselves for Pamela Werner: The Fox Tower Murder! Music and Editing by Gage HurleyCheck out VaporVerse: https://www.youtube.com/@vaporversemusic++++Check out our Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/creepstreetpodcastInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/creepstreetpodcastYouTube: https://youtube.com/@creepstreetpodcast5062?feature=sharedTikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@creepstreetpodcast#TrueCrime #UnsolvedMystery #CreepyPodcast #ParanormalPodcast #CreepStreetPodcast #UnsolvedCases #CreepyHistory #Mysterious #CreepyTales #DarkHistory #CrimePodcast #HistoryPodcast #CreepyPodcast #UnsolvedCrime #ColdCaseFiles #DarkMysteries #TrueCrimeCommunity

China hat mit dem „China-Europa-Arktis-Express“ eine neue Handelsroute durch den Arktischen Ozean eröffnet, die Teil der „Polar Silk Road“ und damit der „Belt and Road Initiative“ (Neue Seidenstraße Projekt) ist. Experten sehen darin weniger eine ökonomische Alternative zu bestehenden Routen, sondern vor allem ein geopolitisches Signal, mit dem Peking seinen Einfluss in der Arktis ausbauen will.

O komunistické Číně se mluví jako o globálním tygrovi čisté energetiky. Zároveň ale dál staví uhelné elektrárny a vypouští nejvíc emisí ze všech zemí světa. „Dostat se k uhlíkové neutralitě nebo ke snížení dopadů klimatické změny bez Číny už úplně nejde,“ poukazuje pro Český rozhlas Plus sinoložka a reportérka serveru iROZHLAS Jana Václavíková. „Čína technologicky dominuje,“ doplňuje sinolog analytik Asociace pro mezinárodní otázky Jan Svoboda.

HEADLINE: China's EV Market Faces Global Headwinds and Domestic Overcapacity GUEST NAME: Alan Tonelson SUMMARY: Despite innovation, China's electric vehicle market, led by BYD, is experiencing production drops, price wars, and significant international pushback due to quality, surveillance fears, and predatory trade practices, exposing a broader economic deflation. China's EV market leader BYD saw production drops amidst price wars and over 150 producers. Global markets, including the US, Japan, Germany, and South Korea, resist Chinese EVs due to surveillance concerns and predatory trade practices. Beijing maintains employment through municipal loans, but widespread overcapacity and deflation are significant challenges. 1950 PEKING

Bradley Bowman, Chinese Military Parade and US Security Bradley Bowman discusses a recent massive Chinese military parade, noting the presence of Xi Jinping, Vladimir Putin, and Kim Jong-un, with the president of Iran also in attendance. He views the parade as a demonstration of China's decades-long effort to build a military capable of defeating the US in the Pacific, highlighting the erosion of American security and increased likelihood of a Taiwan Strait conflict. Specific concerns include modernized hypersonic YJ seriesanti-ship missiles challenging US naval interception, the DF61 intercontinental ballistic missile aimed at the US, and a low-observable tailless drone for manned fighters. 11908 PEKING

: John Batchelor 09-03 segment 2.mp3 Guest: Colonel Jeff McCausland, United States Army retired artilleryman, CBS News, Dickinson College visiting professor, and Diamond 6 Leadership and Strategy CEO. Pentagon's Evolving Mission and Global Order Colonel Jeff McCausland discusses the new national military strategy emphasizing homeland defense as the primary mission for the Department of Defense, shifting from an international "cop on the beat" role to a domestic one. This is reflected in increased border forces and Caribbean operations. McCausland also touches on China's ambition to establish a new global order, returning to its perceived historical position as a superpower, utilizing organizations like BRICS and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. 1906 PEKING

John Batchelor 09-03 segment 1.mp3 Guest: Colonel Jeff McCausland, United States Army retired artilleryman, CBS News, Dickinson College visiting professor, and Diamond 6 Leadership and Strategy CEO. Global Geopolitics and Military Displays Colonel Jeff McCausland discusses a Beijing military parade featuring Xi Jinping, Kim Jong-un, and Vladimir Putin, interpreting it as a message of strength and innovation, not peace, while downplaying the US role in WWII. He also covers the static battle lines in Ukraine, European proposals for a military force, and US involvement in Middle East conflicts in Yemen and Gaza, noting a tactical agreement with the Houthis. 1906 PEKING