Podcasts about austrian succession

Power Politics, Premonitions & Heartbreak. In this week's episode Neil takes us to a place soaked in blood, the bleak landscape of Drumossie Moor. Bonnie Prince Charlie, the Jacobite Rising & the devastating European conflict known as the ‘War of the Austrian Succession', all meet here in 1746 at the Battle of Culloden. To help support this channel & get exclusive videos every week sign up to Neil Oliver on Patreon.comhttps://www.patreon.com/neiloliver Rumble site – Neil Oliver Officialhttps://rumble.com/c/c-6293844 Website:https://www.neiloliver.com Shop - check out my t-shirts, mugs & other channel merchandise:https://neil-oliver.creator-spring.com Instagram - NeilOliverLoveLetter:https://www.instagram.com/neiloliverloveletter Podcasts:Season 1: Neil Oliver's Love Letter To The British IslesSeason 2: Neil Oliver's Love Letter To The WorldAvailable on all the usual providershttps://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/neil-olivers-love-letter-to-the-british-isles #NeilOliver #BonniePrinceCharlie #BattleofCulloden #Jocobite #ghost #spirits #Scotland #England #Britishisles #ghosts #hauntings #history #neiloliverGBNews #travel #culture #ancient #historyfact #explore Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

At long last, I am back! Today's episode is a summary of the War of Austrian Succession. The main focus is on the fronts in what is today Belgium and Italy. However, we will touch up on the fighting that took place around the globe. My Links: Amazon Wishlist for Books: https://www.amazon.com/hz/wishlist/ls/UZK1RES5MF5F?ref_=wl_sharePatreon: https://www.patreon.com/frederick_the_great_podcastEmail for questions: aavdakov01@gmail.comInstagram:https://www.instagram.com/frederick_the_great_podcast/Twitter: https://twitter.com/fredthegpodcast Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Welcome to our first episode of 2024. Today we're talking the OG Girl Boss, Maria Theresa, Holy Roman Empress. In this episode we discuss the decline of the Habspurg dynasty and why Maria had a such a struggle to get on the throne (because uterus). We also get into her love life, the drama and Maria Theresa's determination in the face of adversity during the Austrian War of Succession.  Cheers! Times stamps: 01:42 Cocktail Recipe: Maria Margarita 05:45 The Habsburgs and Salic Law 12:32 Maria Theresa's Childhood and Education 22:55 Maria Theresa's Engagement and Marriage 30:40 The Death of Maria's Father and Her Ascension 34:33 The Austrian War of Succession Begins 41:18 Maria's Coronation and the Birth of Her Son 56:16 Francis Stephen Becomes Holy Roman Emperor 59:13 The End of the War and Maria's Reign Some sources: Animated History: War of Austrian Succession https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uzfATRcjFXs PDF about dad's gay relationships https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c9f4/74f9334480942557805b04ebe7ad1952b176.pdf Habsburger.net: https://www.habsburger.net/en/chapter/maria-theresa-heiress Biographics: https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=biographics+maria+theresa The People Profiles: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3fwubghHzVM Wikipedia (because duh) Timetoast https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/maria-theresa1717-1780 ------------------------ Thank you Hello Fresh so much for your support. And if our listeners want to give it a try Go to HelloFresh.com/50baddest and use code 50baddest for 50% off plus 15% off your next 2 months! Queens podcast is part of Airwave Media podcast network. Please contact advertising@airwavemedia.com if you would like to advertise on our podcast. Want more Queens? Head to our Patreon, check out our merch store and follow us on Instagram! Our awesome new intro music is thanks to @1touchproduction ! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode we take a step back from the goings on at the Russian court and the war of the Austrian Succession and instead take a peek at the overall state of the Russian Empire and the overall state of Eliazabeth's mind.Click on one of the links below to join the Boyar Duma where for a small monthly subscription you'll receive the following -Exclusive membership of the Boyar Duma and a shout out on the PodcastAd-free podcasts - (ads may come in on the free feed at some point in the future but never for subscription members)At least one members only episode per monthGeneral release episodes at least 1 week earlier than normal Transcripts for each episode (Patreon Only) Via PatreonGo to the podcast website https://www.historyofrussia.net/and visit the Membership Page or the Patreon Logo on the home pageOr go to https://www.patreon.com/historyofrussia_boyarduma Via Apple Podcastssearch in apple podcasts for ‘Boyar Duma' or the ‘History of Russia podcast-members only' and hit subscribe.https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-history-of-russia-members-only/id1696439936 Via Spotify Search in spotify for 'Russia members only'https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/damon-boar/subscribe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

This week Beau and Carl chat about the European wide conflict that was sparked by the death of a Holy Roman Emperor who left no male heirs; The War of the Austrian Succession. From Frederick the Great in Silesia, to the field of Culloden in Scotland, the balance of power in Europe was reworked yet again.

This weeks episode is centered around the eponymous Lopukhina Conspiracy but who is doing the conspiring and who is being conspired against?Plus events in Sweden are brought to a head, George II, the King of England gets involved in the war of the Austrian Succession, things take a downward turn for the Brunswicks and the Empress Elizabeth goes ballistic when she sees someone wearing pink!Click on one of the links below to join the Boyar Duma where for a small monthly subscription you'll receive the following -Exclusive membership of the Boyar Duma and a shout out on the PodcastAd-free podcasts - (ads may come in on the free feed at some point in the future but never for subscription members)At least one members only episode per monthGeneral release episodes at least 1 week earlier than normal Transcripts for each episode (Patreon Only) Via PatreonGo to the podcast website https://www.historyofrussia.net/and visit the Membership Page or the Patreon Logo on the home pageOr go to https://www.patreon.com/historyofrussia_boyarduma Via Apple Podcastssearch in apple podcasts for ‘Boyar Duma' or the ‘History of Russia podcast-members only' and hit subscribe.https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-history-of-russia-members-only/id1696439936 Via Spotify Search in spotify for 'Russia members only'https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/damon-boar/subscribe Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Elizabeth Petrovna is the new empress of Russia. However, she's busy getting her house in order and there is a coronation to plan. So whilst she's off doing that, we'll undertake a quick retrospective of Anna Ivanovna's reign and then we'll take a look at the causes, and the initial events, of the War of the Austrian Succession.     Click on one of the links or logos below to join the Boyar Duma where for a small monthly subscription you'll receive the following - Exclusive membership of the Boyar Duma  and a shout out on the Podcast Ad-free podcasts - (ads may come in on the free feed at some point in the future but never for subscription members) At least one members only episode per month General release episodes at least 1 week earlier than normal   Transcripts for each episode (Patreon Only)   Via Patreon Go to the podcast website https://www.historyofrussia.net/ and visit the Membership Page or the Patreon Logo on the home page   Or go to  https://www.patreon.com/historyofrussia_boyarduma   Via Apple Podcasts search in apple podcasts for ‘Boyar Duma' or the ‘History of Russia podcast-members only' and hit subscribe. https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-history-of-russia-members-only/id1696439936   Via Spotify  Search in spotify for 'Russia members only' https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/damon-boar/subscribe  

What do you do when your wargame cupboard is full? In this episode of the Wargames, Soldiers and Strategy podcast, the boys discuss having a clearout and give you some ideas on how to create more space. Guy also brings us the latest hobby news. Links: 7TV Dracula, Crooked Dice Refighting History, Vol 2: The War of the Austrian Succession, Charles Grant The Damned, Wargames Atlantic American War of Independence, Brigade Games First to Fight: USMC 1942-1945 Vol 1 Guadalcanal Campaign The Roaring Lions, Bavaria Miniatures Just Lasered  

Welcome back to the first regular narrative episode in a long time! Today, we focus on the British involvement in the War of Austrian Succession. In particular, we focus on the growth of the Pragmatic Army and the Battle of Dettingen. This episode ties in why I talked about the British so much over the last few episodes.My Links: Amazon Wishlist for Books: https://www.amazon.com/hz/wishlist/ls/UZK1RES5MF5F?ref_=wl_shareAd-free Episodes on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/frederick_the_great_podcastEmail for questions: aavdakov01@gmail.comInstagram:https://www.instagram.com/frederick_the_great_podcast/Twitter: https://twitter.com/fredthegpodcast Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Canaletto rose to fame painting remarkable views of Venice. He became especially popular with wealthy tourists, who commissioned his paintings as souvenirs of their travels. Research: Constable, William G.. "Canaletto". Encyclopedia Britannica, 14 Oct. 2022, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Canaletto Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "War of the Austrian Succession". Encyclopedia Britannica, 3 Mar. 2023, https://www.britannica.com/event/War-of-the-Austrian-Succession Binion, A., & Barton, L.  Canaletto. Grove Art Online.Retrieved 17 Apr. 2023, from https://www.oxfordartonline.com/groveart/view/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.001.0001/oao-9781884446054-e-7000013627 “The Stonemason's Yard.” The National Gallery. https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/canaletto-the-stonemasons-yard “London: Interior of the Rotunda at Ranelagh.” The National Gallery. https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/canaletto-london-interior-of-the-rotunda-at-ranelagh “Canaletto's Drawings.” Royal Collection Trust. https://www.rct.uk/collection/themes/exhibitions/canaletto-in-venice/the-queens-gallery-palace-of-holyroodhouse/canalettos-drawings Baetjer, Katherine and J.G. Links. “Canaletto.” Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Harry N. Abrams, Inc. 1989. Accessed through The Met: Watson Library Digital Collections. https://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p15324coll10/id/49280 “Imaginary View of Venice.” The Met. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/335287#:~:text=It%20was%20in%20these%20years,representing%20actual%20sites%2C%20others%20imaginary. Erkelens, C. J. (2020). Perspective on Canaletto's Paintings of Piazza San Marco in Venice, Art & Perception, 8(1), 49-67. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/22134913-20191131 “Canaletto.” The Art Story. https://www.theartstory.org/artist/canaletto/ “Canaletto.” National Gallery of Art. https://www.nga.gov/collection/artist-info.1080.html?artistId=1080&pageNumber=1 “Piazzo San Marco.” The Met. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/435839 “Architectural Capriccio.” https://www.themorgan.org/collection/drawings/141078 “Owen McSwiney.” The Fitzwilliam Museum. https://fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/objects-and-artworks/highlights/context/patrons-donors-collectors/owen-mcswiny  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Hello Great Minds!From Virginia to Georgia to Florida and beyond, this week we cover the War of Jenkins' Ear, what better topic for the Chaser to Bonnie Prince Charlie than the War I literally mentioned for one second of the main episode! Key Topics: War of Jenkins' Ear, Admiral Edward Vernon, War of Austrian Succession, Cryogenics, Mount Vernon For more DGMH just head on over to Patreon Land to get access to soooooooo much more Great content here: patreon.com/dgmhhistoryBe sure to follow me on Facebook at "Drinks with Great Minds in History" & Follow the show on Instagram and Twitter @dgmhhistoryCheers!Music:Hall of the Mountain King by Kevin MacLeodLink: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/3845-hall-of-the-mountain-kingLicense: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Artwork by @Tali Rose... Check it out!Support the show

In The Wandering Army: The Campaigns that Transformed the British Way of War (Yale University Press, 2022), Dr. Huw J. Davies presents a compelling history of the British Army in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries—showing how the military gathered knowledge from campaigns across the globe. At the outbreak of the War of Austrian Succession in 1742, the British Army's military tactics were tired and outdated, stultified after three decades of peace. The army's leadership was conservative, resistant to change, and unable to match new military techniques developing on the continent. Losses were cataclysmic and the force was in dire need of modernization—both in terms of strategy and in leadership and technology. In this wide-ranging and highly original account, Dr. Davies traces the British Army's accumulation of military knowledge across the following century. An essentially global force, British armies and soldiers continually gleaned and synthesized strategy from warzones the world over: from Europe to the Americas, Africa, and Asia. Dr. Davies records how the army and its officers put this globally acquired knowledge to use, exchanging information and developing into a remarkable vehicle of innovation—leading to the pinnacle of its military prowess in the nineteenth century. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose doctoral work focused on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

In The Wandering Army: The Campaigns that Transformed the British Way of War (Yale University Press, 2022), Dr. Huw J. Davies presents a compelling history of the British Army in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries—showing how the military gathered knowledge from campaigns across the globe. At the outbreak of the War of Austrian Succession in 1742, the British Army's military tactics were tired and outdated, stultified after three decades of peace. The army's leadership was conservative, resistant to change, and unable to match new military techniques developing on the continent. Losses were cataclysmic and the force was in dire need of modernization—both in terms of strategy and in leadership and technology. In this wide-ranging and highly original account, Dr. Davies traces the British Army's accumulation of military knowledge across the following century. An essentially global force, British armies and soldiers continually gleaned and synthesized strategy from warzones the world over: from Europe to the Americas, Africa, and Asia. Dr. Davies records how the army and its officers put this globally acquired knowledge to use, exchanging information and developing into a remarkable vehicle of innovation—leading to the pinnacle of its military prowess in the nineteenth century. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose doctoral work focused on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

In The Wandering Army: The Campaigns that Transformed the British Way of War (Yale University Press, 2022), Dr. Huw J. Davies presents a compelling history of the British Army in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries—showing how the military gathered knowledge from campaigns across the globe. At the outbreak of the War of Austrian Succession in 1742, the British Army's military tactics were tired and outdated, stultified after three decades of peace. The army's leadership was conservative, resistant to change, and unable to match new military techniques developing on the continent. Losses were cataclysmic and the force was in dire need of modernization—both in terms of strategy and in leadership and technology. In this wide-ranging and highly original account, Dr. Davies traces the British Army's accumulation of military knowledge across the following century. An essentially global force, British armies and soldiers continually gleaned and synthesized strategy from warzones the world over: from Europe to the Americas, Africa, and Asia. Dr. Davies records how the army and its officers put this globally acquired knowledge to use, exchanging information and developing into a remarkable vehicle of innovation—leading to the pinnacle of its military prowess in the nineteenth century. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose doctoral work focused on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/military-history

In The Wandering Army: The Campaigns that Transformed the British Way of War (Yale University Press, 2022), Dr. Huw J. Davies presents a compelling history of the British Army in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries—showing how the military gathered knowledge from campaigns across the globe. At the outbreak of the War of Austrian Succession in 1742, the British Army's military tactics were tired and outdated, stultified after three decades of peace. The army's leadership was conservative, resistant to change, and unable to match new military techniques developing on the continent. Losses were cataclysmic and the force was in dire need of modernization—both in terms of strategy and in leadership and technology. In this wide-ranging and highly original account, Dr. Davies traces the British Army's accumulation of military knowledge across the following century. An essentially global force, British armies and soldiers continually gleaned and synthesized strategy from warzones the world over: from Europe to the Americas, Africa, and Asia. Dr. Davies records how the army and its officers put this globally acquired knowledge to use, exchanging information and developing into a remarkable vehicle of innovation—leading to the pinnacle of its military prowess in the nineteenth century. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose doctoral work focused on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/intellectual-history

In The Wandering Army: The Campaigns that Transformed the British Way of War (Yale University Press, 2022), Dr. Huw J. Davies presents a compelling history of the British Army in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries—showing how the military gathered knowledge from campaigns across the globe. At the outbreak of the War of Austrian Succession in 1742, the British Army's military tactics were tired and outdated, stultified after three decades of peace. The army's leadership was conservative, resistant to change, and unable to match new military techniques developing on the continent. Losses were cataclysmic and the force was in dire need of modernization—both in terms of strategy and in leadership and technology. In this wide-ranging and highly original account, Dr. Davies traces the British Army's accumulation of military knowledge across the following century. An essentially global force, British armies and soldiers continually gleaned and synthesized strategy from warzones the world over: from Europe to the Americas, Africa, and Asia. Dr. Davies records how the army and its officers put this globally acquired knowledge to use, exchanging information and developing into a remarkable vehicle of innovation—leading to the pinnacle of its military prowess in the nineteenth century. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose doctoral work focused on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In The Wandering Army: The Campaigns that Transformed the British Way of War (Yale University Press, 2022), Dr. Huw J. Davies presents a compelling history of the British Army in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries—showing how the military gathered knowledge from campaigns across the globe. At the outbreak of the War of Austrian Succession in 1742, the British Army's military tactics were tired and outdated, stultified after three decades of peace. The army's leadership was conservative, resistant to change, and unable to match new military techniques developing on the continent. Losses were cataclysmic and the force was in dire need of modernization—both in terms of strategy and in leadership and technology. In this wide-ranging and highly original account, Dr. Davies traces the British Army's accumulation of military knowledge across the following century. An essentially global force, British armies and soldiers continually gleaned and synthesized strategy from warzones the world over: from Europe to the Americas, Africa, and Asia. Dr. Davies records how the army and its officers put this globally acquired knowledge to use, exchanging information and developing into a remarkable vehicle of innovation—leading to the pinnacle of its military prowess in the nineteenth century. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose doctoral work focused on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/european-studies

In The Wandering Army: The Campaigns that Transformed the British Way of War (Yale University Press, 2022), Dr. Huw J. Davies presents a compelling history of the British Army in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries—showing how the military gathered knowledge from campaigns across the globe. At the outbreak of the War of Austrian Succession in 1742, the British Army's military tactics were tired and outdated, stultified after three decades of peace. The army's leadership was conservative, resistant to change, and unable to match new military techniques developing on the continent. Losses were cataclysmic and the force was in dire need of modernization—both in terms of strategy and in leadership and technology. In this wide-ranging and highly original account, Dr. Davies traces the British Army's accumulation of military knowledge across the following century. An essentially global force, British armies and soldiers continually gleaned and synthesized strategy from warzones the world over: from Europe to the Americas, Africa, and Asia. Dr. Davies records how the army and its officers put this globally acquired knowledge to use, exchanging information and developing into a remarkable vehicle of innovation—leading to the pinnacle of its military prowess in the nineteenth century. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose doctoral work focused on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/science-technology-and-society

In The Wandering Army: The Campaigns that Transformed the British Way of War (Yale University Press, 2022), Dr. Huw J. Davies presents a compelling history of the British Army in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries—showing how the military gathered knowledge from campaigns across the globe. At the outbreak of the War of Austrian Succession in 1742, the British Army's military tactics were tired and outdated, stultified after three decades of peace. The army's leadership was conservative, resistant to change, and unable to match new military techniques developing on the continent. Losses were cataclysmic and the force was in dire need of modernization—both in terms of strategy and in leadership and technology. In this wide-ranging and highly original account, Dr. Davies traces the British Army's accumulation of military knowledge across the following century. An essentially global force, British armies and soldiers continually gleaned and synthesized strategy from warzones the world over: from Europe to the Americas, Africa, and Asia. Dr. Davies records how the army and its officers put this globally acquired knowledge to use, exchanging information and developing into a remarkable vehicle of innovation—leading to the pinnacle of its military prowess in the nineteenth century. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose doctoral work focused on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/british-studies

Say goodbye to peace.We cover the War of Jenkins Ear.  The excitement of the capture of Portobello, Rule Brittania is written in celebration.This little war merges into the War of the Austrian Succession.  We see the rise of Prussia and the beginning of the Frederick the Great legend in his struggle against the hero Queen Maria Theresa.  We cover the war at sea, with a fairly decisive British victory.  We cover the war from the French perspective which is dominated by the victories in Flanders in the minds of the French because of the personal presence of Louis XV.  But France is in fact defeated by the cost of the expensive fighting in Italy and the loss of trade.  And of course, France tries to invade England, and a massive storm instantly sinks 10 transports and damages the rest practically the instant they leave the harbor, we discuss possible reasons for the fact that this is the universal result of invasion attempts of specifically England from 1590-1744.  What could possibly account for this?

With the War of the Austrian Succession slowed to a crawl in Europe, the conflict spreads around the globe. In North America, French and British colonists fight in battles from Nova Scotia to Upstate New York. In the plains of east India, the French and British East India Companies wage a proxy war, aided by their nations' warships. Back in Europe, peace breaks out in 1748. But after eight years of war, politics, and intrigue, there's just as much bad blood between allies as there is between former enemies. The next few years would give rise to a realignment called the Diplomatic Revolution, which would lay the groundwork for more conflict. SUBSCRIBE TO RELEVANT HISTORY, AND NEVER MISS AN EPISODE! Relevant History Patreon: https://bit.ly/3vLeSpF Subscribe on Spotify: https://spoti.fi/38bzOvo Subscribe on Apple Music (iTunes): https://apple.co/2SQnw4q Subscribe on Google Music: https://bit.ly/30hUTRD RSS feed: https://bit.ly/2R0Iosz Relevant History on Twitter: https://bit.ly/3eRhdtk Relevant History on Facebook: https://bit.ly/2Qk05mm Relevant History SubscribeStar: https://www.subscribestar.com/relevant-history Official website: https://bit.ly/3btvha4 Episode transcript (90% accurate): https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTjito9Cf2Fhm4gRuJE_3pYDC9blnCJrEh6PmhB0SBKZF1s8FXrlUwK2B2KbgrZqfZGWOZfg99BrVk-/pub Music credit: Sergey Cheremisinov - Black Swan

This week is a mini-biography of Maria Theresa, the woman who inherited the Habsburg lands. This episode is crucial to gain a different perspective than the Prussian view of the beginning of the War of Austrian Succession. Email for questions: aavdakov01@gmail.com For Ad-Free episode on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/frederick_the_great_podcast Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/frederick_the_great_podcast/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/fredthegpodcast --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

At the end of 1743, Europe is divided in two. On the one side, Austrian Archduchess Maria Theresa struggles to hold on to her ancestral lands, supported by her allies in Britain, the Netherlands, and Piedmont-Sardinia. On the other side, France and Spain are trying to conquer the old Habsburg lands, while Frederick the Great in Prussia continues to pose a real threat. Meanwhile, the French and Spanish are also trying to start a rebellion in Great Britain. The War of the Austrian Succession is among the most chaotic in history. In this episode, Dan untangles the various threads of the war, and how it would change geopolitics forever. SUBSCRIBE TO RELEVANT HISTORY, AND NEVER MISS AN EPISODE! Relevant History Patreon: https://bit.ly/3vLeSpF Subscribe on Spotify: https://spoti.fi/38bzOvo Subscribe on Apple Music (iTunes): https://apple.co/2SQnw4q Subscribe on Google Music: https://bit.ly/30hUTRD RSS feed: https://bit.ly/2R0Iosz Relevant History on Twitter: https://bit.ly/3eRhdtk Relevant History on Facebook: https://bit.ly/2Qk05mm Relevant History SubscribeStar: https://www.subscribestar.com/relevant-history Official website: https://bit.ly/3btvha4 Episode transcript (90% accurate): https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTz5W4ah3YlDIvs5z4jPoTZYqGpXeiyJdpDjBrdSJ1RMYoF0jDZAVOqgL68r7WJSkOr_7lVJMfeNUt2/pub Music credit: Sergey Cheremisinov - Black Swan

The War of the Austrian Succession marks the beginning of the transition from dynastic politics to a more modern sense of nationalism. At the time, though, it merely seems like a calamity. What begins as a personal land grab by the young Prussian King Frederick the Great turns into a general European war, as multiple powers try to grab land from the vulnerable Austrian Archduchess Maria Theresa.   This war won't remain confined to Europe. Thanks to the involvement of colonial powers, the war spreads throughout the globe. In the Caribbean, a British fleet under Edward Vernon terrorizes the Spanish Main in the War of Jenkins' Ear. From the coast of South America to the mountains of central Europe, Prussian aggression shakes up the world's geopolitical order.   SUBSCRIBE TO RELEVANT HISTORY, AND NEVER MISS AN EPISODE!   Relevant History Patreon: https://bit.ly/3vLeSpF Subscribe on Spotify: https://spoti.fi/38bzOvo Subscribe on Apple Music (iTunes): https://apple.co/2SQnw4q Subscribe on Google Music: https://bit.ly/30hUTRD RSS feed: https://bit.ly/2R0Iosz Relevant History on Twitter: https://bit.ly/3eRhdtk Relevant History on Facebook: https://bit.ly/2Qk05mm Relevant History SubscribeStar: https://www.subscribestar.com/relevant-history Official website: https://bit.ly/3btvha4   Episode transcript (90% accurate): https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vT7oCdxuhqpBvWyMai_TOOihUSLqOTXbtd_Ft-jb5vYEKQVVHQJM5CcbOQYdmZIrb5Rf0Osl5zw75XK/pub   Music credit: Sergey Cheremisinov - Black Swan

This episode we are back to the usual interview format and my guest is Iain McDonald who runs the company Flags of War. Just like it says on the tin Iain supplies a huge range of 28mm flags from right across the span of history to wargamers throughout the world. If that wasn't enough on top of a full time job and a family Iain has branched out into producing 28mm figures. Starting with figures covering the Gangs of New York inspired by the Warriors movie. He has moved on to cover the Jacobite Rebellions and has one of the most complete ranges available for that period.  Iain produces figures for periods he loves himself and that clearly shows, he has ranges of War of the Austrian Succession and The Border Reivers in the pipeline. But as with all my guests we don't just talk shop, we cover Iains wargames history, cover the Venn Diagram of Wargaming and of course have a bit of Big Game Chat. The Quiz breaks down into a discussion about Fish and Chips whilst we get another successful entry into Wargames Room 101. Iain was a great guest and its always great to hear from enthusiastic people who run smaller companies for the love of the hobby.  Flags of War can be found at, Flags of War Thanks for listening and if you haven't already please subscribe to the Podcast (it's free) it helps to increase the profile of the show to a wider audience. I hope to be speaking with my old friend, Historian, Author, Battlefield Guide and Wargamer Stephen Barker in the next Episode. Until then, Sithee Regards Ken The Yarkshire Gamer

The colonists indulge in their favorite pastime. It is time to invade Canada.   Join us on social media!   Twitter: https://twitter.com/ushistpodcast Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/USPoliticalpodcast/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/uspoliticalpodcast/ Website: http://www.uspoliticalpodcast.com Bibliography: http://www.uspoliticalpodcast.com/bibliography/

Maria Theresa inherited the Austrian throne, prompting the War of the Austrian ...

War of Austrian Succession ConcludesPictured - Battle of Fontenoywww.historyeurope.netMusic - Winter by Antonio Vivaldi, courtesy of musopen.org See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Prussian Invasion of Habsburg Silesia by Frederick the GreatPictured - Maria Theresa - ruler of the Habsburg dominionswww.historyeurope.netMusic composed by Domenico Scarlatti, courtesy of musopen.org See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Background to the War of Austrian Succession 1740-48War of Polish Succession 1733–35, Russo-Turkish War 1735–1739, War of Jenkins Ear 1739-1748Pictured - Augustus II the Strong, Elector of Saxony and King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania until his death in 1733, which triggered the War of Polish SuccessionMusic composed by Antonio Vivaldi - Concerto for Bassoon in A minor, Concerto 11 in c minor, courtesy of musopen.org www.historyeurope.net See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Introduction to the War of Austrian Succession 1740-1748; the rise of Prussia and beginning of the European Enlightenment. Pictured - Frederick William I, the king in Prussia and elector of Brandenburg (reigned 1713-40), known as the "Soldier King" for building up the military of his state.Music composed by Georg Philipp Telemann, courtesy of musopen.orgwww.historyeurope.net See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In the uneasy peace between the War of Austrian Succession and the Seven Years' War, Britain set about securing its growing imperial power. Central to it was its position in North America, as many visionaries saw, not least the then committed supporter of the Empire, Benjamin Franklin, in Pennsylvania. But that meant dealing with the French stranglehold around the British Colonies in what is now the United States. Three attempts, first manned and led by Americans (George Washington's first and defeated command), and then directed by Brits (to no better success), all failed spectacularly, demonstrating nothing so much as the incompetence of the British military whether colonial or from the mother country. On the other hand, British force did well in another appalling and shameful act of ethnic cleansing, very much in the spirit of the Duke of Cumberland's actions towards the Scottish Highlanders, up in Nova Scotia, present-day Canada. Illustration: At one time a visionary for the British Empire: Benjamin Franklin by Benjamin Wilson, in 1759. Public Domain via Wikimedia Commons Music: Bach Partita #2c by J Bu licensed under an Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivatives (aka Music Sharing) 3.0 International License

There was no real problem with a woman inheriting the Austrian throne. But it could be a useful pretext for war by nations keen on advancing their own interests militarily. Frederick II of Prussia was quick to go to war - the Philosopher Prince became a Military King when he had the power to - and he seized the rich Austrian province of Silesia (which is actually Polish, but neither the Austrians nor the Prussians cared about that). Britain kept fighting the War of Jenkins' Ear against the Spanish, but then it got subsumed into the War of Austrian Succession, which it joined on the Austrian side as it had in the War of Spanish Succession. It did badly in the land war, under George II who, at Dettingen, became the last British sovereign to appear on a battlefield, and his younger son, the Duke of Cumberland, who proved pretty hopeless. They fought the French in America, chiefly through the Massachusetts colonists, and in India, through the East India Company. Most gains were handed back at the end of the fighting, except that Prussia hung on to Silesia. With British backing. Which annoyed Austria a lot, and that had consequences for the next war. A war that was bound to come, since this one had sorted out very little, apart from allowing Maria Theresa to mount the Austrian throne after all. Illustration: Empress Maria Theresa, portrait by Martin van Meytens, 1759. Public domain (published anywhere (or registered with the U.S. Copyright Office) before 1926 and public domain in the U.S.) Music: Bach Partita #2c by J Bu licensed under an Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivatives (aka Music Sharing) 3.0 International License

Synopsis Few of us today really know–or care–very much about the War of Austrian Succession, a conflict that troubled Europe in the 18th century. For music lovers, it’s enough to know that to celebrate the end of that war, George Frideric Handel was commissioned to compose music for a fireworks concert in London’s Green Park, an event that took place on today’s date in the year 1749. Back then there were no such things as microphones and loudspeakers, so Handel’s score called for a huge military band of 24 oboes, 9 horns, 9 trumpets, 3 sets of timpani, 12 bassoons, 2 contrabassoons—and strings. When King George II was told about it, he balked a little at the expense: “Well, at least I hope there won’t be any fiddles,” he commented, and so Handel was informed the strings were definitely off. A public rehearsal was held at the Vauxhall Gardens and a London newspaper reported that 100 musicians performed for an audience of more than 12,000, causing a 3-hour traffic jam of carriages and pedestrians on London Bridge. The official event with fireworks went off with a bang–as well as a few fires breaking out. Music Played in Today's Program George Frederic Handel (1685 - 1759) — Music for the Royal Fireworks (Academy of St Martin in the Fields; Neville Marriner, cond.) Argo 414596 On This Day Births 1812 - German opera composer Friedrich von Flotow, in Toitendorf (Teutendorf) estate, near Neu-Sanitz, Mecklenburg-Schwerin; 1894 - Russian-born America composer and famous musical lexicographer Nicolas Slonimsky, in St. Petersburg (Julian date: April 15); Deaths 1871 - German composer and piano virtuoso Sigismond Thalberg, age 59, in Posillipo, Italy; 1915 - Russian composer and pianist Alexander Scriabin, age 43, in Moscow (Julian date: April 14); 1992 - French composer, organist and teacher Olivier Messiaen, age 83, in Paris; Premieres 1720 - Handel: opera "Radamisto" (1st version), in London at the King's Theater in the Haymarket, during the first season of operas presented by the Royal Academy of Music (Gregorian date: May 8); The performance is attended by King George I and the Prince of Wales (Handel dedicates the score to the King); The singer Margherita Dursastanti appears in a Handel work for the first time in London; 1735 - Handel: opera "Alcina" (Julian date: April 16); 1736 - Handel: anthem "Sing unto God," in London at the German Chapel of St. James's Palace, during the wedding of Frederick, Prince of Wales, and Augusta, Princess of Saxe-Gotha (Gregorian date: May 8); 1749 - Handel: "Music for the Royal Fireworks" performed during fireworks display in London (Gregorian date: May 8); 1867 - Gounod: opera "Romeo and Juliet," in Paris at the Théatre-Lyrique; 1877 - Massenet: opera "Le Roi de Lahore" (The King of Lahore"), in Paris; 1893 - Rachmaninoff: opera "Aleko," in Moscow (Gregorian date: May 9); 1907 - Stravinsky: Symphony in Eb, at a private performance in St. Petersburg (Gregorian date: May 10); The first public performance took place in St. Petersburg on January 23, 1908, conducted by F. Blumenfield (Gregorian date: Feb 5); 1927 - Weinberger: opera "Schwanda the Bagpiper," in Prague at the National Theater; 1928 - Stravinsky: ballet, "Apollon musagète," in Washington, D.C., choreographed by Adolf Bohm; The European premiere of this ballet occurred on June 12 in Paris, choreographed by Georges Balanchine; 1937 - Stravinsky: ballet, "Jeu de cartes" (Card Game), by the American Ballet at the Metropolitan Opera in New York, with the composer conducting; This work was part of a Stravinsky-Balanchine matinée consisting of "Apollon musagète," "Le Baiser de la fée," and the premiere of "Jeu de cartes"; 1987 - Daniel Pinkham: Sonata No. 3 for Organ and Strings, at St. Peter's Church in Osterville, Mass., by organist Richard Benefield, with a string quartet conducted by the composer; 1992 - George Tsontakis: "Perpertual Angelus" (No. 2 of "Four Symphonic Quartets" after poems by T.S. Eliot), by the Tuscaloosa Symphony, Ransom Wilson conducting;

Synopsis Few of us today really know–or care–very much about the War of Austrian Succession, a conflict that troubled Europe in the 18th century. For music lovers, it’s enough to know that to celebrate the end of that war, George Frideric Handel was commissioned to compose music for a fireworks concert in London’s Green Park, an event that took place on today’s date in the year 1749. Back then there were no such things as microphones and loudspeakers, so Handel’s score called for a huge military band of 24 oboes, 9 horns, 9 trumpets, 3 sets of timpani, 12 bassoons, 2 contrabassoons—and strings. When King George II was told about it, he balked a little at the expense: “Well, at least I hope there won’t be any fiddles,” he commented, and so Handel was informed the strings were definitely off. A public rehearsal was held at the Vauxhall Gardens and a London newspaper reported that 100 musicians performed for an audience of more than 12,000, causing a 3-hour traffic jam of carriages and pedestrians on London Bridge. The official event with fireworks went off with a bang–as well as a few fires breaking out. Music Played in Today's Program George Frederic Handel (1685 - 1759) — Music for the Royal Fireworks (Academy of St Martin in the Fields; Neville Marriner, cond.) Argo 414596 On This Day Deaths 1951 - American composer John Alden Carpenter, age 75, in Chicago; 1991 - French-born American composer and arranger Leo (Noël) Arnaud, age 86, in Los Angeles; His tune "Bugler's Dream" (written for a Felix Slatkin LP) became used as a familiar theme for the Olympic Games; Premieres 1738 - Handel: opera "Serse," (Julian date: April 15); 1899 - first version of Sibelius: Symphony No. 1, by the Helsinki Philharmonic, with the composer conducting; A revised, final version of this symphony was performed by the same orchestra on tour in Stockholm on July 4, 1900, conducted by Robert Kajanus; 1915 - Hindemith: String Quartet No. 1 in C, Op. 2, at Dr. Hoch's Conservatory in Frankfurt; 1959 - John Cage: "Fontana Mix," in New York City; 1965 - Ives: Symphony No. 4, at Carnegie Hall by the American Symphony Orchestra, with Leopold Stokowski (assisted by David Katz and José Serebrier); 1970 - Broadway premiere of Sondheim: musical 'Company"; A trial-run in Boston preceded the Broadway premiere; 1990 - John Harbison: Concerto for Double Brass Choir and Orchestra, in Los Angeles, with the Los Angeles Philharmonic, André Previn conducting; 2002 - Michael Hersch: Symphony No. 2, by the Pittsburgh Symphony, Mariss Jansons conducting; Others 1891 - Tchaikovsky arrives in New York to take part in the May 5, 1891, opening concert at New York's newly-constructed "Music Hall"(later known as "Carnegie Hall”). 1926 - American premiere of Monteverdi's 1642 opera "L'Incoronazione di Poppea" (The Coronation of Poppea), at Smith College in Northampton, Mass.

The Swedish Empire was a European power in the Baltic region during 17th and early 18th centuries. Historians believe that the Swedish Empire started when Gustavus Adolphus took the throne. The Swedish Empire ended when Sweden lost the Great Northern War. However, what if Sweden instead won this war? What would happen? How would this affect Europe during the War of the Austrian Succession and going all the way to the Napoleonic Wars? Twitter: https://bit.ly/39ts3CG Website: https://bit.ly/3cw7Qg6 Email: back2thepastpodcast@gmail.com Wikipedia Page on the Great Northern War: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Northern_War --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/rohan-parikh7/message

The Wars of Kings and Queens: The Fox, An Alliance, Jenkins' Ear and GeorgeI continue the Wars of Kings and Queens in this episode, covering a number of conflicts large and small including the Fox Wars, the War of Jenkins' Ear, the War of the Austrian Succession and King George's War, as well as a brief period of Franco-British friendship. Opening Theme: "Another Place" by Score Squad Outro: From "Oh Canaduh" by Nomeansno, covering the Subhumans You can reach me at: Email: counterfactualcanuck@gmail.com Twitter: @CounterfactualC Wikipedia should not be used as a source:War of the Austrian SuccessionKing George's WarMeskwaki Fox Wars Anglo-French Alliance (1716–1731) War of Jenkins' EarTreaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748)University of Google:The Imperial Wars The Arrival of the Europeans: 17th Century WarsPrinted Material:M.S. Anderson - The War of the Austrian Succession, 1740-1748

Sophie (age 7) and Ellie (age 5) tell the story of the Battle of the Boyne in Ireland in 1690, and how it helped secure the Glorious Revolution for William, Prince of Orange. ----more---- James II is King of England, Scotland and Ireland. But he is also a Catholic. Many people – especially in England and Scotland are very worried about that. So William of Orange is invited over with his wife Mary to become King of England, Scotland and Ireland. James flees to France rather than fight. William and the English Parliament agree a new constitutional settlement. A Protestant supremacy is secured and also the rights of Parliament are guaranteed. Meanwhile an ambitious King Louis XIV sees his plans for European domination damaged. So he helps James II to try to retake his throne. This time though Louis is up against not just the Protestant countries but the Pope and his allies too. Everyone is scared of Louis’ ambition. James’ army find the gates of Londonderry / Derry shut to them by the Ulster Protestants. This gives time for William to come to Ireland with his well trained but pan European army. He defeats the James II at the Battle of the Boyne. James flees to France again. William and Mary now rule England, Scotland and Ireland. The Glorious Revolution is secure. We cover how much of the war was really about geo-politics and a family feud and rather than just religion. And we talk about the irony that a battle which is seen as symbolic of the wars between Protestants and Catholics actually had the Pope on the so called Protestant side. Having had help from the excellent Museum of the Battle of the Boyne we also talk about how some of the weaponry of the period actually worked. Explore Protestant and Catholic Europe Learn how James II loses the confidence of his nobles We learn of the secret communications between William and the English nobility We follow William’s invasion We see how James II fled rather than fight for his throne We understand the settlement that William came to which led to the Bill of Rights and the Act of Settlement. We put these in their historical context. We follow the machinations of King Louis XIV, determined to rebuild his alliances. We follow James’ army as it marches to Londonderry / Derry. We hear the closing of the gates by the Apprentice Boys of Derry. Finally we re-live the excitement of the Battle of the Boyne. William’s outflanking manouvre fails. But his Dutch Guards storm across the River Boyne Held up by Jacobite cavalry charges, the battle is won when William gets his Ulster cavalry across the river. James then flees to France again. The Glorious Revolution is secure We finally discuss how some people celebrate the battle today on Orange marches in Northern Ireland. If you are interested in more on this period you might like our Great Fire of London Episode Apple: https://link.historystorytime.com/Apple-Great-Fire-London Other: https://link.historystorytime.com/Great-Fire-London Or you might like our War of Austrian Succession and Jacobite Rebellion episode in which James’ Grandson, Bonnie Prince Charlie, tried to avenge the Battle of the Boyne with the Highlanders at Culloden. Apple: https://link.historystorytime.com/Apple-Austrian-Succession Other: https://link.historystorytime.com/Austrian-Succession      

Sir John Pringle was born in 1707. He studied medicine at the universities of Edinburgh and Leiden. During the War of the Austrian Succession, Pringle was made Physician General to the British Army and was appalled to see the huge number of deaths resulting not from casualties of battle but from diseases such as typhus and dysentery. He introduced a wide range of improvements which helped to reduce the appalling number of deaths from disease. His book Observations on the Diseases of Army, brought him fame across Europe. He was made physician to King George III and was elected President of the Royal Society in London. Pringle left 10 volumes of medical annotations to the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. He tells us in Volume 1 that his intention with these annotations is to preserve what he has found most useful in his practice. Speaker: Dr Stephen Craig (Assistant Professor, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, USA)

Sir John Pringle was born in 1707. He studied medicine at the universities of Edinburgh and Leiden. During the War of the Austrian Succession, Pringle was made Physician General to the British Army and was appalled to see the huge number of deaths resulting not from casualties of battle but from diseases such as typhus and dysentery. He introduced a wide range of improvements which helped to reduce the appalling number of deaths from disease. His book Observations on the Diseases of Army, brought him fame across Europe. He was made physician to King George III and was elected President of the Royal Society in London. Pringle left 10 volumes of medical annotations to the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. He tells us in Volume 1 that his intention with these annotations is to preserve what he has found most useful in his practice. Speaker: Dr Stephen Craig (Assistant Professor, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, USA)

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Speaker: Dr Stephen Craig (Assistant Professor, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, USA) Sir John Pringle was born in 1707. He studied medicine at the universities of Edinburgh and Leiden. During the War of the Austrian Succession, Pringle was made Physician General to the British Army and was appalled to see the huge number of deaths resulting not from casualties of battle but from diseases such as typhus and dysentery. He introduced a wide range of improvements which helped to reduce the appalling number of deaths from disease. His book Observations on the Diseases of Army, brought him fame across Europe. He was made physician to King George III and was elected President of the Royal Society in London. Pringle left 10 volumes of medical annotations to the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. He tells us in Volume 1 that his intention with these annotations is to preserve what he has found most useful in his practice.

Sophie finds out how Prussia's Frederick the Great gets Germany started on the path of world conquest. Meanwhile the British find out that the polite warfare of Europe doesn't work against the fury of a Highland charge of the Jacobite Rebellion. The Highland dream is then crushed at Culloden and Sophie brings the romance of Bonnie Prince Charlie to life with the Skye Boat Song. 

1750 - 1900 Revolution and Enlightenment American Revolution:   Skylar - The war that has a bunch of names is commonly known as the Seven Years war. This was is also known as the French and Indian war, the war of the Conquest, the Pomeranian war, the Third Silesian war, and the Third Carnatic war. The Seven Years war actually lasted longer than seven years, it actually lasted nine, from 1754 to 1763. The reason that this war is known as a bunch of different names is because it was fought in a bunch of different places, since it was the first  global war after all. Ella - At the time England, France, and Spain were claiming land but each country was looking for different things. England was looking for territory especially on the east coast where they were going to send people and be able to expand. The french were wanting to be able to trade with Native Americans for things like fur and Spain wanted access to their sugar islands and metals. (The heck?)   Audrey - With the dates it started and ended the seven years war did last nine years but the reason it’s called the seven years war instead of the nine years war is the english actually didn’t declare war on the French until 1756. Ethan - This revolution was started because the 13 colonies wanted to be independent from British rule. One of the reasons behind seceding from British control was because Britain was becoming more and more nosy in America’s affairs. This was exemplified with “salutary neglect” which was where the internal affairs of America were fine with Britain unless they became unruly.   Emma - One of the largest aspects of the Seven Years war was the power struggle between the French and English Kingdoms. Politics and governmental trends were beginning to change around the world, showing signs of systems we are +   now familiar with. However, the idea of strong monarchs still held influence over many systems. This war determined which line of monarchs would hold world dominance to this day. 6.Hunter- So today looks like I’m the strategy guy. For a bit of the eighteenth century the French kept sort of the same strategy by letting the colonies fend for themselves or giving minimal help(like sending little amounts of troops or inexperienced ones) Now for the British strategy. The British tried to use as little troops as possible(by inclination and practical reasons) they looked to offset the disadvantage of this by of this in Europe by allying themselves with other continental powers who had similar goals to theirs. Now for the Russians and Austrians strategy. The Russians and Austrians were determined to take back land and power from a German state called Prussia (in which at the time was a new threat to them) Austria needed to regain Silesia which was lost to Prussia in the War of The Austrian Succession. Ben - The seven year war end with the signing of the treaty of paris and the treaty of hubertusberg. England ends up in debt because of how much money they poured into the war, as everyone trades land around to eventually find a compromise. Gabe - im going to add on to what ethan said the american revolution were becoming the 13 colonies and this is when the declaration of independence and articles of confederation the us constitution so these very important documents were being written   French Revolution:              Ella - In 1789 before the French Revolution France was poor. If you were to meet some of the families living in France at the time you wouldn't believe they were poor because of the nice clothing they wore and luxurious lifestyles they lived but there government itself was very in debt.   Audrey - With the financial state France was in at that time most people were starving because they couldn’t produce enough grain and what little money they had they had to use to pay taxes. On the other hand royalty got to live in a palace wear fancy clothes and eat whatever they wanted and so did the nobility which were these people with a fancy title who inherited money and land they lived in pretty much a small version of the palace and they didn’t have to pay any taxes. Ethan - Many things happened during the French Revolution including the Thermidorian Reaction. This was when the French people started thinking that Maximilien Robespierre was dubbed a tyrant for which he was outcast. This made an entirely new party, the Directory, show up and ‘fix’ things. In this process they removed any elections and made the financial state even worse that what it was before.   Skylar - When the french revolution started in 1789 the king of France Louis XVI and his wife, Marie Antoinette lived a very lavish lifestyle. They lived in the palace of Versailles. France was in debt because of the two major battles they just fought in, one was the american revolution and the other was the seven years war.   5.Hunter- In the Brunswick Manifesto the Imperial and Prussian armies threatened retaliation on the French if it were to continue to resist  their advance or the reinstatement of the monarchy. This along with other reasons made it look like Louis was conspiring with them. Emma - During the French Revolution, in October of 1789, a group of peasant women led a March to the estate of King Louis XVI. They had heard all the rumors about the King and his wife hoarding grain while they starved. They demanded that the monarchs move from their current residence to Paris so that their actions would be visible to all the citizens. This demand was filled. Ben - The French revolution ended in 1799. During this time the “Reign of Terror” happened also. Fifteen-thousand people including the previous king of France, King Louis XVI, were executed for treason as the French revolution started to end. Then Napoleon became the leader, turning France into a more military country then it was before. Gabe - in 1795 the french revolution was ending and french now had peace with spain and prussia and there constitution was ratified making this a victory for france   Napoleon Bonaparte: 1. Ella - In 1799 Napoleon took power of France and in 1800 he decides to try to take back Italy from the Austrians. He does defeats Austria and makes a treaty with Lunaville marking the end of the second Coalition. Ethan - Bonaparte was an extremely important part of the French congress and revolution. He led many of the successful campaigns. In the end, he was emperor of France for a decade and slight amount more during the Hundred Days. The Hundred Days was just the marking of when Bonaparte returned from Elba during exile. Skylar - Napoleon Bonaparte was born on August 15th, 1769 in Ajaccio, france. Napoleon was a french statesman as well as a military leader. He lead the french to many successful battles during the french revolution. He was also the emperor of france from 1804 to 1814, and then again in 1815 during the “Hundred Days”. He died May 5th, 1821. 4.Hunter- Napoleon served as an artillery officer in the French army around the time that the French Revolution started happening in 1789. He quickly rose in the ranks of the military taking what chances he had during the Revolution and was a general at the age of 24. Emma - Napoleon took power in the year 1799 under the title of Consul. He rose to power with two other Consuls, forming a three pronged leadership system, similar to the triumvirates of Ancient Rome. However, after rising to power, he very quickly declared himself the First Consul, which put him above the other two in authority and power. Audrey - Napoleon had lost a lot of soldiers after trying to retreat Russia where he had 450,000 soldiers he was down to about 10,000. Then great britain was already against him but Russia and Prussia joined forces and he knew they had the advantage so as persuasive as he seemed to be he managed to get about 130,000 troops and even later he made it up to 400,000 again. Ben - Napoleon died after being exiled in 1851 to Saint Helena, an island near the coast of Africa. Most historians believe his cause of death was stomach cancer. Gabe - Napoleon was sent to Saint Helena by the English who he surrendered himself to because he didn’t want the prussians to get him and kill him or torchure him   France's many revoluts and republics: Ethan - France has had 5 republics and 4 revolutions, making this time in history very interesting. I’ll just talk about the first republic. It was founded on the 21st of September in 1792. This was 3 years after the French Revolution. This republic was founded over the Ancien Regime getting overthrown, thus began the first republic.   Ella - In 1799 Napoleon Bonaparte came to power. He ended the First Republic in 1804 when he declared himself emperor. In 1815 Napoleon was faced with a waterloo.  He got banished off to Elba but was able to comeback. After that he spent 111 days in power again and then was SOMEONE DELETED MY STUF Skylar - After that Louis the 18th dies, without children in the year 1824, so his younger brother charles the 10th comes to power. In 1830 there is the July revolution but it is not successful. After that Charles the 10th cousin comes in who is the Duke of Orleans, Louis Philippe the first.   4.Hunter- The February Revolution in 1848 was only one of a wave of revolutions in 1848. In France the revolutionary events ended the Orleans monarchy and led to the French Second Republic. Following the overthrow of Louis Philippe in February 1848, the elected government of the Second Republic ruled France for a period of time. Audrey - When Louis the 16th dies his younger brother came to power and he was called Louis the 18th. There was no Louis the 17th because he was louis 16th son who died in prison when he was ten. Ben - The most influential individual in the government during that time was named Jean Maximillion Lamarque, he was one of the very few people in the French government that cared about the common folk. Once he died, his funeral urged on a revolt from the people, but the revolution was unsuccessful. Emma - The event known as the June Rebellion of 1832 was another attempted revolt of the people against the current monarch. However it was an unsuccessful rebellion, or attempt at a revolution. This event was actually witnessed by Victor Hugo which served as inspiration for his story. Haitian Revolution: Ethan - This revolution took place in 1791-1804 when the Haitian slaves revolted against the colonists. The Haitians found freedom from their French slaveholders. The startup of this revolution was because of racist societies along with the French Revolution happening at the time since the would have trouble with sending reinforcements.   Ella -  Vincent Oge was a very wealthy, mixed race businessman. He was one-fourth African American and three-fourths French. He was in Paris during the French revolution for business purposes. This man owned many slaves and lots of land in what is now Haiti but he didn't have the same rights and as some of the other men around him because of his race so when he heard they were gonna rewrite the constitution he started lobbying for equal rights and was successful in gaining the right to vote   3.Hunter- This revolution was a successful anti-slavery and anti-colonial rebellion by self-liberated slaves against French colonial rule in Saint-Domingue, now the sovereign nation Haiti. It involved blacks, mulattoes, French, Spanish, and British people--- with ex-slave Toussaint L’Ouverture rising as Haiti’s most appealing hero.    Audrey - Saint-Domingue now known as Haiti is a French colony in the caribbean. It’s the western half of an island and that island was the island that Columbus first found when he discovered the new world. Ben - In order to try and get everyone on their side after seeing the Haiti revolts, France signed a document in April 1792 that gave free people of color full citizenship. Some people think this was stirred on by Vincent Oge. Skylar - The Haitian revolution started on August 21st, 1791 and lasted almost twelve & a half years. The Haitians won but it resulted in the Massacre of the French. Gabe - when the french went to put slavery this dude named Leclerc came with 40,000 To fight the haitians and the yellow fever and 32,000 people were lost leaving only 8,000 people in lectercs army who also died so its now rochambeau who liked to bury slaves with insects and boil them in molasses so this was not a good dude and napoleon kind of just leaves them because he's got bigger problems in france and so dessieres is able to defeat rochambeau declaring  Saint Dominigue independance. Even after the slaves were already declared free in Haiti (though without their knowledge) a plan was made to actually remove the freedoms they had been given and to reinstate slavery once the time was right. Latin American independence: Ethan - After much time(300 years) of colonial rule, many Spanish colonies gained independence. This included Cuba and Puerto Rico, which were originally Iberian countries/states(I’m bad at Geography). This happened during 1808-1826. This happened so quickly it triggered a lot of things like government reforms. Ella - Around 1750 while America was divided between european countries Spain controlled most of the Americas all the way down south to where chile is now and all the way North to modern day Texas and California. The Portuguese also owned a great majority of the land in South America around modern day brazil. 3.Hunter- After the Royal court returned to Lisbon, the Prince Regent, Pedro, stayed in Brazil and successfully declared himself Emperor of newly independent Brazil. However Cuban independence was fought against spain in two years (Ten years and barely any war). But Cuba and Puerto Rico remained under Spanish Rule until the Spanish-American War in 1898.     Audrey - Many revolutions in Latin-America were led by Simon Bolivar who was a creole and the word creole has had many meanings but this time it meant a person who descended mostly from spain but was born in the new world. Ben -  A very important document, well, series of documents, relating to the enlightenment was made in France during this time period. It was called “The Encyclopedia” and it documented all French political science and climate. A popular quote from this document is “The goal of an encyclopedia is to assemble all the knowledge scattered on the surface of the earth, to demonstrate the general system to the people with whom we live, & to transmit it to the people who will come after us, so that the works of centuries past is not useless to the centuries which follow, that our descendants, by becoming more learned, may become more virtuous & happier, & that we do not die without having merited being part of the human race.” ( May or may not read the quote depending on how much time is needed to fill. ) Skylar - Toussaint Louverture was able to set up his own nation basically because all the other countries were too busy fighting against each other. This is the only time something like this has ever happened from a slave revolt. Gabe - Simón Bolívar helped Mexico Venezuela Peru Colombia Ecuador Bolivia which was named for him Paraguay Uruguay Brazil Argentina gain independence from spain Emma - The Independence movements of Latin America were influenced by two main factors. Like many others at the time, they were inspired by the enlightenment, but the fact that France was undergoing its own revolution also served as an influence. Imperialism Ethan - Imperialism is basically the process of gaining land through demonstrating economic or political power. Normally it uses military force to prove this. They also distribute propaganda to get people to see it their way. They also down on their opponents teachings or laws to make it seem better. 2.Hunter- However Imperialism is different from New Imperialism, because the term Imperialism is usually used to the colonisation of the Americas between the 15th and 19th centuries, as against to the expansion of Western Powers and Japan during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.    Audrey - A very important part of imperialism is industrialization. Industrialization is the use of technology to be more productive and efficient. An example would be the steam engine which allowed us to use energy we made to run machines and it made factories significantly more productive. Ben -  There are a few reasons that countries were so motivated to industrialize. One of the most obvious ones is money, being an advanced country attracts people that you can tax and factories help make things faster and cheaper. Another reason is land, the more land you have the more powerful you are. Skylar -The definition of imperialism is a policy of extending a country’s power and influence through diplomacy or military force. The british and the europeans wanted what the chinese had, which was porcelain and silk, but the chinese weren’t interested in trading, finally the europeans find something that the chinese want and that was Opium, opium is the thing that gets you addicted to Heroin and Morphine. Ella - The first Opium war took place in 1839 to 1842 and from 1856 to 1860 the second Opium war went on. During this time the very addictive drug Opium became legal. Because of this the Qing dynasty lost confidence and Opium in general was very destructive to this society. Gabe - this is also around the time the japanese opened trade with america because commodore came with some pretty big ships and then came again with more to ask to open trade and the japanese were like don't want to have a war like the chinese did with the british so they opened trade to americans 8. Emma - All throughout history we cases of nations switching to imperialism from their current political system. This often leads to conflict due to the strong, controlling government powers, which can result in civil war and revolutions.

1750 - 1900 Revolution and Enlightenment American Revolution:   Skylar - The war that has a bunch of names is commonly known as the Seven Years war. This was is also known as the French and Indian war, the war of the Conquest, the Pomeranian war, the Third Silesian war, and the Third Carnatic war. The Seven Years war actually lasted longer than seven years, it actually lasted nine, from 1754 to 1763. The reason that this war is known as a bunch of different names is because it was fought in a bunch of different places, since it was the first  global war after all. Ella - At the time England, France, and Spain were claiming land but each country was looking for different things. England was looking for territory especially on the east coast where they were going to send people and be able to expand. The french were wanting to be able to trade with Native Americans for things like fur and Spain wanted access to their sugar islands and metals. (The heck?)   Audrey - With the dates it started and ended the seven years war did last nine years but the reason it’s called the seven years war instead of the nine years war is the english actually didn’t declare war on the French until 1756. Ethan - This revolution was started because the 13 colonies wanted to be independent from British rule. One of the reasons behind seceding from British control was because Britain was becoming more and more nosy in America’s affairs. This was exemplified with “salutary neglect” which was where the internal affairs of America were fine with Britain unless they became unruly.   Emma - One of the largest aspects of the Seven Years war was the power struggle between the French and English Kingdoms. Politics and governmental trends were beginning to change around the world, showing signs of systems we are +   now familiar with. However, the idea of strong monarchs still held influence over many systems. This war determined which line of monarchs would hold world dominance to this day. 6.Hunter- So today looks like I’m the strategy guy. For a bit of the eighteenth century the French kept sort of the same strategy by letting the colonies fend for themselves or giving minimal help(like sending little amounts of troops or inexperienced ones) Now for the British strategy. The British tried to use as little troops as possible(by inclination and practical reasons) they looked to offset the disadvantage of this by of this in Europe by allying themselves with other continental powers who had similar goals to theirs. Now for the Russians and Austrians strategy. The Russians and Austrians were determined to take back land and power from a German state called Prussia (in which at the time was a new threat to them) Austria needed to regain Silesia which was lost to Prussia in the War of The Austrian Succession. Ben - The seven year war end with the signing of the treaty of paris and the treaty of hubertusberg. England ends up in debt because of how much money they poured into the war, as everyone trades land around to eventually find a compromise. Gabe - im going to add on to what ethan said the american revolution were becoming the 13 colonies and this is when the declaration of independence and articles of confederation the us constitution so these very important documents were being written   French Revolution:              Ella - In 1789 before the French Revolution France was poor. If you were to meet some of the families living in France at the time you wouldn't believe they were poor because of the nice clothing they wore and luxurious lifestyles they lived but there government itself was very in debt.   Audrey - With the financial state France was in at that time most people were starving because they couldn’t produce enough grain and what little money they had they had to use to pay taxes. On the other hand royalty got to live in a palace wear fancy clothes and eat whatever they wanted and so did the nobility which were these people with a fancy title who inherited money and land they lived in pretty much a small version of the palace and they didn’t have to pay any taxes. Ethan - Many things happened during the French Revolution including the Thermidorian Reaction. This was when the French people started thinking that Maximilien Robespierre was dubbed a tyrant for which he was outcast. This made an entirely new party, the Directory, show up and ‘fix’ things. In this process they removed any elections and made the financial state even worse that what it was before.   Skylar - When the french revolution started in 1789 the king of France Louis XVI and his wife, Marie Antoinette lived a very lavish lifestyle. They lived in the palace of Versailles. France was in debt because of the two major battles they just fought in, one was the american revolution and the other was the seven years war.   5.Hunter- In the Brunswick Manifesto the Imperial and Prussian armies threatened retaliation on the French if it were to continue to resist  their advance or the reinstatement of the monarchy. This along with other reasons made it look like Louis was conspiring with them. Emma - During the French Revolution, in October of 1789, a group of peasant women led a March to the estate of King Louis XVI. They had heard all the rumors about the King and his wife hoarding grain while they starved. They demanded that the monarchs move from their current residence to Paris so that their actions would be visible to all the citizens. This demand was filled. Ben - The French revolution ended in 1799. During this time the “Reign of Terror” happened also. Fifteen-thousand people including the previous king of France, King Louis XVI, were executed for treason as the French revolution started to end. Then Napoleon became the leader, turning France into a more military country then it was before. Gabe - in 1795 the french revolution was ending and french now had peace with spain and prussia and there constitution was ratified making this a victory for france   Napoleon Bonaparte: 1. Ella - In 1799 Napoleon took power of France and in 1800 he decides to try to take back Italy from the Austrians. He does defeats Austria and makes a treaty with Lunaville marking the end of the second Coalition. Ethan - Bonaparte was an extremely important part of the French congress and revolution. He led many of the successful campaigns. In the end, he was emperor of France for a decade and slight amount more during the Hundred Days. The Hundred Days was just the marking of when Bonaparte returned from Elba during exile. Skylar - Napoleon Bonaparte was born on August 15th, 1769 in Ajaccio, france. Napoleon was a french statesman as well as a military leader. He lead the french to many successful battles during the french revolution. He was also the emperor of france from 1804 to 1814, and then again in 1815 during the “Hundred Days”. He died May 5th, 1821. 4.Hunter- Napoleon served as an artillery officer in the French army around the time that the French Revolution started happening in 1789. He quickly rose in the ranks of the military taking what chances he had during the Revolution and was a general at the age of 24. Emma - Napoleon took power in the year 1799 under the title of Consul. He rose to power with two other Consuls, forming a three pronged leadership system, similar to the triumvirates of Ancient Rome. However, after rising to power, he very quickly declared himself the First Consul, which put him above the other two in authority and power. Audrey - Napoleon had lost a lot of soldiers after trying to retreat Russia where he had 450,000 soldiers he was down to about 10,000. Then great britain was already against him but Russia and Prussia joined forces and he knew they had the advantage so as persuasive as he seemed to be he managed to get about 130,000 troops and even later he made it up to 400,000 again. Ben - Napoleon died after being exiled in 1851 to Saint Helena, an island near the coast of Africa. Most historians believe his cause of death was stomach cancer. Gabe - Napoleon was sent to Saint Helena by the English who he surrendered himself to because he didn’t want the prussians to get him and kill him or torchure him   France's many revoluts and republics: Ethan - France has had 5 republics and 4 revolutions, making this time in history very interesting. I’ll just talk about the first republic. It was founded on the 21st of September in 1792. This was 3 years after the French Revolution. This republic was founded over the Ancien Regime getting overthrown, thus began the first republic.   Ella - In 1799 Napoleon Bonaparte came to power. He ended the First Republic in 1804 when he declared himself emperor. In 1815 Napoleon was faced with a waterloo.  He got banished off to Elba but was able to comeback. After that he spent 111 days in power again and then was SOMEONE DELETED MY STUF Skylar - After that Louis the 18th dies, without children in the year 1824, so his younger brother charles the 10th comes to power. In 1830 there is the July revolution but it is not successful. After that Charles the 10th cousin comes in who is the Duke of Orleans, Louis Philippe the first.   4.Hunter- The February Revolution in 1848 was only one of a wave of revolutions in 1848. In France the revolutionary events ended the Orleans monarchy and led to the French Second Republic. Following the overthrow of Louis Philippe in February 1848, the elected government of the Second Republic ruled France for a period of time. Audrey - When Louis the 16th dies his younger brother came to power and he was called Louis the 18th. There was no Louis the 17th because he was louis 16th son who died in prison when he was ten. Ben - The most influential individual in the government during that time was named Jean Maximillion Lamarque, he was one of the very few people in the French government that cared about the common folk. Once he died, his funeral urged on a revolt from the people, but the revolution was unsuccessful. Emma - The event known as the June Rebellion of 1832 was another attempted revolt of the people against the current monarch. However it was an unsuccessful rebellion, or attempt at a revolution. This event was actually witnessed by Victor Hugo which served as inspiration for his story. Haitian Revolution: Ethan - This revolution took place in 1791-1804 when the Haitian slaves revolted against the colonists. The Haitians found freedom from their French slaveholders. The startup of this revolution was because of racist societies along with the French Revolution happening at the time since the would have trouble with sending reinforcements.   Ella -  Vincent Oge was a very wealthy, mixed race businessman. He was one-fourth African American and three-fourths French. He was in Paris during the French revolution for business purposes. This man owned many slaves and lots of land in what is now Haiti but he didn't have the same rights and as some of the other men around him because of his race so when he heard they were gonna rewrite the constitution he started lobbying for equal rights and was successful in gaining the right to vote   3.Hunter- This revolution was a successful anti-slavery and anti-colonial rebellion by self-liberated slaves against French colonial rule in Saint-Domingue, now the sovereign nation Haiti. It involved blacks, mulattoes, French, Spanish, and British people--- with ex-slave Toussaint L’Ouverture rising as Haiti’s most appealing hero.    Audrey - Saint-Domingue now known as Haiti is a French colony in the caribbean. It’s the western half of an island and that island was the island that Columbus first found when he discovered the new world. Ben - In order to try and get everyone on their side after seeing the Haiti revolts, France signed a document in April 1792 that gave free people of color full citizenship. Some people think this was stirred on by Vincent Oge. Skylar - The Haitian revolution started on August 21st, 1791 and lasted almost twelve & a half years. The Haitians won but it resulted in the Massacre of the French. Gabe - when the french went to put slavery this dude named Leclerc came with 40,000 To fight the haitians and the yellow fever and 32,000 people were lost leaving only 8,000 people in lectercs army who also died so its now rochambeau who liked to bury slaves with insects and boil them in molasses so this was not a good dude and napoleon kind of just leaves them because he's got bigger problems in france and so dessieres is able to defeat rochambeau declaring  Saint Dominigue independance. Even after the slaves were already declared free in Haiti (though without their knowledge) a plan was made to actually remove the freedoms they had been given and to reinstate slavery once the time was right. Latin American independence: Ethan - After much time(300 years) of colonial rule, many Spanish colonies gained independence. This included Cuba and Puerto Rico, which were originally Iberian countries/states(I’m bad at Geography). This happened during 1808-1826. This happened so quickly it triggered a lot of things like government reforms. Ella - Around 1750 while America was divided between european countries Spain controlled most of the Americas all the way down south to where chile is now and all the way North to modern day Texas and California. The Portuguese also owned a great majority of the land in South America around modern day brazil. 3.Hunter- After the Royal court returned to Lisbon, the Prince Regent, Pedro, stayed in Brazil and successfully declared himself Emperor of newly independent Brazil. However Cuban independence was fought against spain in two years (Ten years and barely any war). But Cuba and Puerto Rico remained under Spanish Rule until the Spanish-American War in 1898.     Audrey - Many revolutions in Latin-America were led by Simon Bolivar who was a creole and the word creole has had many meanings but this time it meant a person who descended mostly from spain but was born in the new world. Ben -  A very important document, well, series of documents, relating to the enlightenment was made in France during this time period. It was called “The Encyclopedia” and it documented all French political science and climate. A popular quote from this document is “The goal of an encyclopedia is to assemble all the knowledge scattered on the surface of the earth, to demonstrate the general system to the people with whom we live, & to transmit it to the people who will come after us, so that the works of centuries past is not useless to the centuries which follow, that our descendants, by becoming more learned, may become more virtuous & happier, & that we do not die without having merited being part of the human race.” ( May or may not read the quote depending on how much time is needed to fill. ) Skylar - Toussaint Louverture was able to set up his own nation basically because all the other countries were too busy fighting against each other. This is the only time something like this has ever happened from a slave revolt. Gabe - Simón Bolívar helped Mexico Venezuela Peru Colombia Ecuador Bolivia which was named for him Paraguay Uruguay Brazil Argentina gain independence from spain Emma - The Independence movements of Latin America were influenced by two main factors. Like many others at the time, they were inspired by the enlightenment, but the fact that France was undergoing its own revolution also served as an influence. Imperialism Ethan - Imperialism is basically the process of gaining land through demonstrating economic or political power. Normally it uses military force to prove this. They also distribute propaganda to get people to see it their way. They also down on their opponents teachings or laws to make it seem better. 2.Hunter- However Imperialism is different from New Imperialism, because the term Imperialism is usually used to the colonisation of the Americas between the 15th and 19th centuries, as against to the expansion of Western Powers and Japan during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.    Audrey - A very important part of imperialism is industrialization. Industrialization is the use of technology to be more productive and efficient. An example would be the steam engine which allowed us to use energy we made to run machines and it made factories significantly more productive. Ben -  There are a few reasons that countries were so motivated to industrialize. One of the most obvious ones is money, being an advanced country attracts people that you can tax and factories help make things faster and cheaper. Another reason is land, the more land you have the more powerful you are. Skylar -The definition of imperialism is a policy of extending a country’s power and influence through diplomacy or military force. The british and the europeans wanted what the chinese had, which was porcelain and silk, but the chinese weren’t interested in trading, finally the europeans find something that the chinese want and that was Opium, opium is the thing that gets you addicted to Heroin and Morphine. Ella - The first Opium war took place in 1839 to 1842 and from 1856 to 1860 the second Opium war went on. During this time the very addictive drug Opium became legal. Because of this the Qing dynasty lost confidence and Opium in general was very destructive to this society. Gabe - this is also around the time the japanese opened trade with america because commodore came with some pretty big ships and then came again with more to ask to open trade and the japanese were like don't want to have a war like the chinese did with the british so they opened trade to americans 8. Emma - All throughout history we cases of nations switching to imperialism from their current political system. This often leads to conflict due to the strong, controlling government powers, which can result in civil war and revolutions.

Amby fucked up. This was recorded over a month ago but with too much real life shit it's only going up now. Consider it a point in time episode as half the games discussed finished. But we guess its better to get it out anyway and try to get better. Good philosophy for Dip anyway! Apologies on the general drunkedness. Intro After a post-production issue the guys open at the Brewski, just down the road in Caxton St. The guys give their diplomacy drinks analysis  (0 mins 45 secs) They move onto discussing all the new variants on vDip (although by the time this comes out, they'll probably be only new-ish). First up is the War of the Austrian Succession which Amby play listed at the Russian Diplolab (5 mins 30 secs) Kaner points out Amby has a fellow history buff in gopher, a vDip mod and player who has some ahistorical concerns with the variant and map (7 mins 15 secs) Amby gives a Diplomacy player update about the Klemens von Metternich book he's reading. Kaner discusses the book he's started reading History of Eastern Europe by Vegas Gabriel Liulevicious (10 mins 15 secs) Variant chat Amby then discusses a podcast series he's just started: The History of England  by David Crowther and its connection with the Diplomacy variant Heptarchy (12 mins 20 secs) Kaner moves onto another book recommendation, Bernard Cornwell's The King Arthur Trilogy. The guys talk archery briefly (15 mins 30 secs) Amby asks Kaner what happened to him creating variants before being distracted by a pigeon. Then Kaner gives his new variant idea set in post-apocalyptic New York. Amby gets further distracted in a post-apocalyptic zombie style discussion about his workplace , before Kaner gets back on track with his idea (18 mins) Amby discusses his variant Ice Age that never got finished, but discusses how close it may in fact be.  (22 mins 20 secs) Kaner talks about the new Dev Tools on vDip which explains how Enriador has pumped out so many new variants (24 mins) Then its back onto discussing the new recent variants including Machiavelli (25 mins 45 secs) The guys go onto discuss recent games they've played (27 mins 45 secs) Next up is a discussion on the new map Edwardian, interesting starting positions and cool little rules (29 mins 15 secs) Belated around the grounds The guys talk about their Divided States anon gunboat game - without giving away exactly who they are playing as. Amby discusses how open Technostar's board is, which makes it so hard to defend yourself effectively in without opening yourself up to a stab (35 mins 30 secs) They look at a number of Divided States games and note how in almost all games New Mexico is doing very well and question whether that part of the map favors New Mexico too much (42 mins 20 secs) The guys start getting their 4th drink and Kaner gives a blow by blow update on his phoenix progress as Japan in the ongoing WWIV “World Amazing” game (46 mins 30 secs) Amby builds on Kaner’s approach about sending out love and it working, but when Amby does it he keeps getting stabbed (51 mins) Amby tries a joke on Kaner, before they exchange barbs and jokes further - with the odd screw up on delivery due to drunkedness (57 mins 45 secs) Back to Dip, Kaner talks about a CD position he took over for a game (1 hr 4 mins 40 secs) Amby talks about the United States of Insanity II game he's in (1 hr 6 mins) Amby asks Kaner about his new pussy cat (1 hr 9 mins) They digress further onto other wildlife in Australia including wombats, tree kangaroos, drop bears, cane toads and spiders. They then discuss snakes, geckos and air conditioning (1 hr 12 mins 45 secs) Back to Amby's Divided States game where he's playing in West Virginia, talk about excessive drinking (1 hr 17 mins 15 secs) Amby discusses the Tournament of Time at PlayDip and his more limited than expected involvement in the 1812 Overture game before the drinking monster causes them to digress again. Amby thanks team mate BigJoe for stepping in due to poor internet and doing much better than he was doing  (1 hr 25 mins 30 secs) Amby disparages the millennials behind them who are glued to their devices. Amby would post the photo except of an issue he'll mention next episode (1 hr 35 mins) They very briefly talk about Amby's win in a Dutch Revolt game. They discuss how the borders and connections between territories aren't always clear (1 hr 36 mins 45 secs) Venue: The Brewski, Brisbane. Drinks of choice: Kaner - Dainton Red IPA from Victoria, Australia Amby - Atze's corner shiraz from the Barossa Valley, South Australia. Just a reminder you can support the show by giving it 5 stars on iTunes or Stitcher. Or if you want to help improve the audio equipment - after listening to this episode's audio quality we're sure you'll agree you can donate at Patreon. Lastly, don't forget to subscribe so you get the latest Diplomacy Games episodes straight to your phone!  

So many variants, so many games and too little time. Intro The guys planned to keep the “Shit Cake” theme going from last episode by going to a cake shop bar called “Cakes and Shit”, but it wasn’t that good. Instead they’re recording from the APO (1 min) They discuss their drinks and announce the Diplomacy Games podcast, playDip, vDip and webDip have been featured in an article by Jason4747 in the Diplomacy World quarterly magazine (1 min 30 secs) They digress a little and talk about playing Diplomacy by snail mail (7 mins 30 secs) Kaner has decided he’s no longer playing games with phase periods of 24 hours and less and explains why (9 mins) Around the grounds The guys slowly and informally segue into Around the grounds with Kaner discussing his Western Known World game. In addition to the problems with 24 hour phases he felt a little screwed on not being able to transform units, which Amby agrees particularly with Denmark’s opening position (10 mins 45 secs) They move onto discussing the new variants rapidly popped out by Enriador at vDiplomacy including Canton Diplomacy, 1913 and Renaissance 1453. They talk a little about these new variants and their thoughts on them (14 mins 10 secs) Then it’s onto the next variant Enriador is working on - Machiavelli (22 mins 20 secs) Amby then starts lamenting about how he’s involved in too many games (23 mins 30 secs) He discusses the War of Austrian Succession game he’s currently in that looks like its wrapping up.  This variant has been developed by Safari (25 mins 45 secs) Amby then goes onto lament his terrible opening in the 1812 Overture play-by-forum game at PlayDip, which is part of NoPunin10did’s team based Tournament of Time (28 mins 30 secs) He goes on to discuss the communication impact of being away camping and trying to keep up with 1812 discussions while away and how Slack is used to manage conversations (33 mins 30 secs) Kaner discusses the sunset from where they are, before Amby shows some of the sunset photos he took while away camping, including a special guest appearing (37 mins 40 secs)      Original photo the guys discuss: sunset at Lake Moogerah  After Kaner's comment, Amby shows him this pic from the Moogerah Passion Play The guys get back to Around the Grounds and discuss what happened with the cancelled Divided States game “United States of Insanity” (40 mins 15 secs) They discuss the retry of the game, although Kaner has been smarter by not overcommitting himself. Kaner then goes onto show he is crap at American geography pretty much east of the Rockies (44 mins 20 secs) Kaner discovers the player with Michigan has even less American geographic knowledge than him. Amby discusses a similar problem (51 mins 45 secs) Next it’s onto Kaner’s Divided States of ‘Murica game and how he’s going (52 mins 45 secs) Then its the guys’ gunboat Divided States game, Kaner complains everyone is ganging up on him and Amby talks about his new strategy that so far is working well (54 mins 30 secs) Amby gives an update as games master for the 1066 Tournament and a couple of complications he’s noticed (58 mins 30 secs) The guys move onto The Bowery and grab some new drinks - Kaner’s got a Bulimba Gold Top from Brisbane, Amby gives a couple of Australian beer stories and tries his Paxton MV organic shiraz rom the McLaren Vale, South Australia (1 hour 5 mins) Amby gives Kaner further US geography lessons before a Sesame Street throw back (1 hour 9 mins) Next up its Bourse time! (1 hour 11 mins) Kaner gives the analogy that organising Dip players to agree on how the Bourse will be run is like herding cats. Amby shares a video about herding cats before Kaner tells a cat story about Mrs Kaner (1 hr 13 mins) Amby thinks Kaner’s cat comments are part of a joke and starts delivering his own back log of jokes (1 hr 17 mins 45 secs) Back to Bourse for a bit (1 hr 19 mins 30 secs) Amby’s new variant ideas Kaner drives Amby up the wall before they go around in circles before grabbing another drink (1 hr 28 mins 45 secs) They sort themselves out before Amby starts discussing his new variant ideas (1 hr 31 mins 30 secs) He starts by introducing how Mike Duncan’s Revolutions podcast series about the 1848 revolutions inspired him to consider an Italian variant based on Risorgimento (Italian unification) and how a well balanced variant could be created using the Renascimento map (1 hr 32 mins) Next up is Amby’s thoughts based on the Inward Empire podcast on a 1 vs 1 variant based on a slightly changed Divided States map based on the 1877 Great Strikes with a capital/establishment player vs a labor/working man’s player and how railways could criss cross continent. Kaner likes this variant idea and makes a good suggestion on the rail network (1 hr 35 mins 45 secs) Then its a 1 vs 1 “Operation Sealion” variant with Nazi Germany against the UK battling it out over Great Britain and the coastline around the North Sea and English Channel. They briefly discuss the concept of three unit types: armies, navies and airforce, before doing a bit of a prick tease about their upcoming interview (1 hr 41 mins 30 secs) Amby mentions all his other variant ideas backing up: Roman Crisis of the Third Century, Napoleon 1 vs 1 (France vs the Sixth Coalition), Ninjas vs Samurai, Ice Age, Global Warming and Two Tribes (1984 1 vs 1 Cold War) and introduces the idea of taking a step back from actually doing all the code. Kaner talks about his five player Solar System variant while making amusing gestures to describe how it’d work (1 hr 45 mins) Amby goes further into his plan to be more a creative ideas director and let other variant creators massage it a bit and bring it to life (1 hr 46 mins 15 secs) Now the scene is set… Amby looks at what types of games players are in, and reflects maybe the guys should be spending more time on Classic Diplomacy games and strategy (1 hr 49 mins) They then suggest we go out to the Dip community on what works well for each of the seven countries during the opening, mid-game and end-game. Kaner argues with Amby about the Tyrolean/Alpine Chicken, before suggesting they go alphabetically and kick things off with Austria (1 hr 51 mins) Kaner gives a brief film review of “Ready Player One”. Kaner gives a shout out about Honest Trailers on Youtube (1 hr 55 mins) Amby discusses CaptainMeme’s Youtube video about the longest game of Diplomacy ever on his DiploStrat channel. It starts with a 9 minute video about this Pacifist Diplomacy themed game (1 hr 58 mins) Patreon shoutouts! Both jason4747 and nopunin10did have both generously donated to the show using our Patreon account to help get better audio equipment you can donate too at Patreon and choose to donate for better audio gear or buying drinks! (1 hr 59 mins 30 secs) The last couple of things Kaner brings along a recent copy of Foreign Affairs magazine where the editorial references the game of Diplomacy with a comparison between a player CD’ing and current US foreign policy (2 hrs 3 mins 45 secs) Amby discusses a book by Desmond Seward called Metternich: the First European and raves about Chapter 7 which sounds like the way a Diplomacy player approaches the board (2 hrs 7 mins) Venue: The APO and then the Bowery, Brisbane. Drinks of choice: Kaner - Peroni lager from Italy and Little Creature's Roger's amber ale from Western Australia and Bulimba Gold Top ale from Brisbane Amby - The APO Shiraz from McLaren Vale in South Australia and Paxton MV organic shiraz from the McLaren Vale also Thanks as always to Rock'n Dr Dan for the intro music!

The guys keep the drinking going and Diplomacy chats rolling on Bourse, variant testing and a Conspiracy app update. Plus the odd history lesson from Amby and discussion on shit cake. Intro Kaner discusses how CaptainMeme and a few webDip folks recently hosted a live vidcast of an online Dip game (0 mins 30 secs) They get around to introducing the Euro restaurant and their drinks. Amby gets a bit carried away with his wine and shares a story about his brother-in-law's bad drinking habits and how Mrs Amby's sister put in place a system to stop him drinking the expensive stuff (5 mins) Diplomacy Chat They start discussing the upcoming Bourse game. Amby gives his thoughts on Sealanes games and why he's shit at them (13 mins) Amby shares another story, this time about shit cake (18 mins 45 secs) Then its back to Kaner's learnings from the last Bourse and how he's going to correct that for the new Bourse game (20 mins 45 secs) Amby discusses YCHTT's suggestion of a proper market driven by supply and demand for the Bourse and why he loves the idea (26 mins) The guys pop upstairs to the Laneway Bar to find no-one there. Instead they've walked a block further to the Port Office Hotel (33 mins 30 secs) Amby describes how on the way to the Port Office Hotel, he managed to give Kaner a history lesson about the former Queensland colonial naval dockyards (see photo.) Amby explains why he knows a heap of irrelevant shit due to an attempt to write an alternative history novel, and how the never completed novel was the inspiration for the Mate Against Mate variant (34 mins) A small impromptu "this week in Australian politics" segment (39 mins) The guys give a drinks update (41 mins 20 secs) Kaner asks about Amby's involvement in some test games at the Diplomail Lab including another Austrian Succession game. Amby describes how he adopted a different strategy which is working well (42 mins) Then its onto the test game of the Mongolian Empire variant - created by Kaner but being advanced by other developers now. They discuss the impact of the bubonic plague on the game where a rapid die-off of units happens at the end of the first game year's build phase. They talk about other historical aspects of the variant and really interesting elements of the game including city states, rivers/bridges, trade winds and silk roads, Himalayan passes and the Great Wall of China (49 mins 30 secs) After Kaner gets a tech support call from Mrs Kaner, the guys return to the Conspiracy app. Kaner talks about his first full press game ending up in a 4 way draw as Austria. He talks about side chat rooms and how they operate really easily. That said communicating can take a while with the amount of texting required. They discuss again getting the French app developers on the show (1 hr 2 mins) The guys start wrapping things up. They discuss whether people interested in donating to the show with Patreon would prefer better audio or more drunkedness (1 hr 8 mins 45 secs) Venue: Euro Restaurant and then the Port Office Hotel, Brisbane. Drinks of choice:Kaner - Estrella lager from Barcelona, Spain and Little Creature's Roger's amber ale from Western AustraliaAmby - Marcelo Pelleriti Sol fa Soul malbec from Mendoza, Argentina and SC Parnell tempranillo from the Adelaide Hills And thanks as always to Dan Philip for his rockin' intro to the Diplomacy Games podcast. Don't forget you can now donate to the show (for better audio or drunker episodes) by going to our Patreon page.

The guys discuss the cool Android app "Conspiracy",  recent Diplomacy variants being tested and talk shop. Intro The guys introduce the NEXT Hotel Pool Terrace and Bar, discuss the weather, Kaner's take on the book about the Trump administration in "Fire and Fury" and move onto their drinks (0 mins 10 secs) Amby talks about his first ever time as tournament director for the 1066 tournament at vDip. He then goes onto discuss how the tournament is being organized and his thoughts on having access to the Mods area  (5 mins 45 secs) Around the Grounds and general Dip chat Kaner talks about how he's going in his WWIV Sea Lanes game (13 mins) They think the background noises might be too loud and decide to go to another bar - that being said when Amby edited the podcast... it sounded perfectly fine! They then address Dr Recommended latest recommendation for them to sing more often (15 mins 30 secs) The guys move to Ryan's on the Park as the Irish Murphy's Bar had really bad acoustics. Amby talks semantics about what a "hotel" is in Australia (17 mins 50 secs)  The guys talk about their second lot of drinks and chat about their Christmas day (21 mins) Amby opens his Around the Grounds on his Pirates game. A player is dangerously close to soloing in this winner take all game. He discusses how the game is going  (24 mins) Next up is the Tournament of Time over at PlayDip. Amby goes onto discuss how this tournament is working and the current Ambition and Empire game and its use of the collaboration platform Slack to manage messaging. Amby's team member (Big Joe) is playing for the team as Denmark-Norway (29 mins) Kaner then discusses the free Android app "Conspiracy" which is pretty much Diplomacy for your smart phone. The guys give it a big wrap but also talk about how it could be improved particularly around the issues of community and people NMRing and CDing. Here's some screen shots from Kaner's game interface (32 mins)                     The guys talk about whether they should run some donation option for the podcast before some more drinks and belated tasting notes (52 mins) Amby discusses his now completed test game of "Punic Wars" at the Diplomail Lab playing as the Greeks. He discusses while he won, it was an incredibly challenging map and reflects on the knife-fighting game play of the Russian players (55 mins) Then he goes into discuss his role in the War of Austrian Succession play test also at the Diplomail Lab. Amby is playing as Piedmont-Sardinia and is also enjoying this map and variant. It follows pretty much standard Dip rules but in the first year players are limited in the number of armies they have even though they have more SCs that can support more units. That said if they retain their starting SCs they can build in the second year. Its got some wacky borders too. Amby discusses the "Borders" book Kaner gave him at Christmas (59 mins) Next its onto the Western World 901 variant being tested in the Diplomail Lab. Its based on the map by David E Cohen but is focused around Europe, north Africa and the north west bits of the Middle East. None of the guys are in this test game but they talk about the variant anyway before a second hat tip to Dr Recommended's singing suggestion, before a tangent about the new Star Wars movie before degenerating into an argument about Leia (1 hour 8 mins) Kaner asks Amby about how his variant development plan are going (1 hour 17 mins) Kaner gets very excited at the prospect of "Divided States" being released (1 hour 20 mins) After a brain lapse from Kaner he discusses the prospect of an American Civil War/Mexico variant on the Conspiracy app. Amby suggests perhaps it will be the Fall of the American Empire variant (1 hr 28 mins) The guys give a shout out to cjuric for his awesome review of the podcast at iTunes. They strongly encourage you to pop over to iTunes and give it 5 stars (1 hr 30 mins)   Venue: NEXT Hotel Pool Terrace and Bar, Brisbane followed by Ryan's on the Park Drinks of choice: Kaner - Mountain Goat Ale from Richmond, Victoria and the Little Creatures "Roger's" Pale Ale from Western Australia Amby - Cape Mentelle Marmaduke shiraz  from the Margaret River, Western Australia and the Shottesbrooke grenache, shiraz and mourvedre (GSM) from McLaren Vale in South Australia And thanks as always to Dan Philip for his rockin' intro to the Diplomacy Games podcast.

We look at the administration of Gooch, and the War of the Austrian Succession.

The guys live stream with Periscope and hit many Diplomacy topics: when your employer blocks Dip, the new Lab & variants being tested and interview with Flame. Plus we talk Dip etiquette on readying up orders, Victory Points farming in Bourse and how they're going in their games. Around the grounds Amby describes for new listeners/viewers on Periscope what the podcast is about (1 min) Both of the guys say they're in way too many games. Amby says his problem is he's often having to go to 4 different Diplomacy platforms (2 mins 10 secs) Amby describes briefly Cisco Spark, one of these Dip platforms that we will highlight in a future episode (2 mins 30 secs) Kaner asks Amby how he's going in the Online Diplomacy Championship over at PlayDip (3 mins) Amby also goes to on to briefly discuss the group messaging system at PlayDip and his initial thoughts on it, before talking php and their WebDip games (4 mins) The guys stuff around with the live Periscope feed (6 mins 45 secs) Kaner talks about how he's been going in his Sengoku tournament games (7 mins 45 secs) Amby digresses onto the Known World tournament, before briefly touching on his First Crusade game, with that variant being highlighted in more detail in a future episode (8 mins 45 secs) Amby tries setting Periscope viewers expectations straight about the podcast being about the game Diplomacy, rather than real life international foreign affairs (9 mins 30 secs) The guys talk about how a number of players in games they're in are criticising other players for taking too long to ready their orders (14 mins 15 secs) Amby explains why he's occasionally been guilty of this of late (16 mins 45 secs) Diplomacy Dilemmas Kaner raises a Diplomacy Dilemmas question he received: "Is there any time in a game where you can legitimately NMR in a game?"  (18 mins 50 secs) Amby gives his take, indicating he might have done this once in the past (20 mins) Kaner describes how he's done this once before too (22 mins 15 secs) Amby discusses how a player contacted him about Victory Points farming in the Bourse Known World 901 game, trying to get Amby to see the light (25 mins 15 secs) Kaner gives his independent non-player perspective on this issue (28 mins) Amby flags how he's looking forward to when the game finishes up to have a wide ranging end-of-game interview in the podcast from other key players (29 mins 30 secs) What the Doctor Recommended Amby discusses how he received a PM from Murcanic who made it into the vDip top 100, and wanted to be included in an updated pronunciation effort from the guys (30 mins) Kaner and Amby then go on to start a What the Dr Recommended attempt at pronouncing the names of the top 20 players at webDip (31 mins 10 secs) When the boss bans Dip The guys discuss how Amby's employer blocks pretty much all Dip sites, while Kaner's gives him access, but blocks Diplomail, possibly because its a Russian site (34 mins) Amby gives Kaner some bullshit excuses on how to convince your employer to lift their block on Dip sites. Kaner adds to the possible arguments depending on your line of work (35 mins) The guys then go onto explain how you can try getting around this by not using the boss' network (eg using an iPad, phone etc) (37 mins 15 secs) Amby explains how the only Dip site he can reach at work is Cisco Spark's Diplomacy area. Amby goes on to talk briefly about Cisco Spark and North American face-to-face champ Chris Martin. We'll cover this in a future podcast when Amby has more time to familiarise himself with how it works  (40 mins 20 secs) The new Lab The guys discuss the new Lab and its 4 variants being currently play tested: Napoleonic, War of the Austrian Succession, Mongolian Empire and Lepanto x6 (42 mins 45 secs) Kaner is playing in all 4 games, Amby just in Napoleonic. As a result Amby asks Kaner to explain his thoughts and experience first up on Lepanto x6. It follows a lot of the same principles and gameplay as Lepanto which is a 1 vs 1 game, but turns it on its head (44 mins 15 secs) Kaner talks about how Flame (Admin at Diplomail and the new Lab) has received some of the files for the new Lab (45 mins 15 secs) As Guroz created the game but has since dropped off the scene, it may be a little harder for this game to make it live. So far it is the only variant that failed technical play testing by crashing - as a result we have no link for you (46 mins 15 secs) Amby starts describing how Lepanto x6 is played out on a hexagonal board set in space. Kaner gives the details for how armies, space ships, planets (SC's), warp points and space stations work in the game (46 mins 45 secs) Kaner explains in light of all these little twists the board is a bit visually overwhelming for his liking and gives it a thumbs down. Amby explains he likes the space based concept but maybe not this map (50 mins) The guys move onto the next game Kaner is playing in the Lab, the War of the Austrian Succession. Kaner likes this one, he played as Prussia and felt he was thrown straight into the diplomatic arena of negotiation straight away while still having opportunities to expand. Amby explains how he likes the visual nature and historical accuracy of the variant (51 mins 45 secs) Amby asks Kaner what the dark black lines on the map are, but doesn't get a very convincing answer from Kaner. The guys also discuss some of the border connections on the board shown with red lines. Overall they both give this two thumbs up (53 mins 45 secs) Finally the guys turn to the new Napoleonic variant in the Lab, discussing the test game they're both in. They both really love how the map looks and works, even down to the way territory names are displayed on the map. What makes this variant particularly challenging is the absence of neutrals. For this reason Kaner doesn't like this aspect of the map, making diplomatic negotiations even more important. Amby doesn't mind this but acknowledges it makes the game a lot harder (56 mins 45 secs) They discuss how they're going in this particular game, with Kaner as Italy and Amby as the Ottomans. As its a test game, the usual confidentiality and speaking about a game they're both in isn't as critical as normal. Amby goes on to discuss how he likes the little postcard sized territories. Players on the board have different number of units with most on 3, some 4 and France on 5 SCs  (1 hour 00 mins 30 secs) After Amby stuffs around with the pause button as they get drinks, Kaner explains the decor in the hallway to the gents toilets. In wrapping up the Lab games, Kaner explains he wants to discuss the Mongolian Empire variant a little later in a future episode, so we'll wait 'til then  (1 hour 05 mins 30 secs) Interview with Flame, creator of the new Lab and admin at Diplomail Amby gives a quick back story on how Diplomacy labs work in creating php games. He explains vDip while having a Lab, its become inactive with Oli busy with other priorities (1 hour 07 mins 15 secs) As the php web Diplomacy code is open source, it can be picked up and installed anywhere. Kaner explains why some Dip sites have been reluctant to install extra variants because of the risk of code incompatibility and crashing. Basically you need a good php coder to manage the risk of this. The Diplomail community was created using this open source, primarily for the Russian community. However, Flame has made the Lab more open to English speaking players (1 hour 09 mins 15 secs) Due to the fact that English isn't Flame's first language, he preferred to do a text based interview which we were cool with. Kaner is going to ask the questions, and Amby answers on behalf of Flame (1 hour 11 mins 45 secs) We start exploring why Flame created the Lab, what level of technical skills are needed to add variants to the Lab and whether there's a guide on what to do to create variants (1 hour 12 mins 30 secs) Next we look at Flame's role at Diplomail and his role in personally creating the variants Classic Cataclysm - the standard map but units can move seamlessly between land and sea territories regardless of how they start. Flame says the next variant he'd like to see is the Western 901 variant. The Known World 901 variant was originally envisioned by David Cohen as two maps, a western and eastern version but it was subsequently sewn together. Flame would like just the western iteration to come to life on the site  (1 hour 15 mins) We ask Flame about in his opinion what makes a great variant. He says he likes good balance and based on history, for this reason he really likes the Napoleonic variant (1 hour 19 mins) Amby asks about the flexibility of the Lab and its game engine eg he'd like to change the way retreating clippers operate in Pirates, as their current behavior is generally hated by anyone playing the variant. Flame goes onto explain what new game functionality will be available from the Lab (1 hour 20 mins 45 secs) Amby goes on to say that if there's a chance the double space retreat movement of clippers can be reduced to one, he'd like to check with the Dip community if there are any other fixes so they can all be done at once in the Lab. Amby goes onto say some players bitch about how privateers are tied to their host nation eg Captain Henry Morgan (one player) and England (another players) cannot attack each other. Amby goes on to explain that he doesn't want to change that as the coding would be too difficult to swap privateers into pirates, and potentially pirate to privateers (1 hour 24 mins 15 secs) We explore with Flame whether he can personally help if a variant creator doesn't have strong php technical skills (1 hour 27 mins 30 secs) Next we tackle the question of plans for once games are successfully play tested in the Lab and then moved to Diplomail, what chances are there that the variant will also be moved to vDip (1 hour 28 mins 30 secs) We ask about Diplomail and its community and culture compared to other Dip sites, and support for Diplomail (1 hour 32 mins) We discover that Flame isn't actually Russian, how he got into Dip and shares some of his political views about Putin. Flame goes on to discuss the breakdown of Russian players at Diplomail compared to players from other parts of the ex-Soviet Union (1 hour 35 mins 15 secs) Amby goes off on a tangent with a culturally insensitive joke (1 hour 38 mins 45 secs) Flame explains in Classic what countries he likes and dislikes playing, then he discusses what variants are his favorite and what he thinks about getting more people playing Diplomacy (1 hour 41 mins 30 secs) Lastly we ask Flame about the quality of Amby's Russian pronunciations from our last episode before wrapping things up (1 hour 44 mins 15 secs) Venue: Embassy Hotel, Brisbane Drinks of choice: Kaner - Drought Relief lager by Newstead Brewery from Queensland, Australia Amby - Cake shiraz from McLaren Vale, South Australia Don't forget if you're enjoying the podcast please hop onto iTunes and give us a rating and a review so we can get the Diplomacy message out. If you have any suggestions on what you'd like to see covered in an upcoming podcast, or something you'd like to see regularly covered, please contact us or leave your thoughts in the comments below. Thanks to Dan Philip for his rockin' intro to the Diplomacy Games podcast.

Tabetha Ewing‘s Rumor, Diplomacy and War in Enlightenment Paris (Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment, 2014) is all about the on dit, the word on the street that everyday Parisians might have picked up, and/or spread around town in the 1740s. Focused on rumor during the War of Austrian Succession that lasted from 1740-1748, Ewing's is a book that examines a range of urban voices and opinions across a pivotal decade of the Enlightenment. Taking very seriously the landscapes of gossip and fantasy, Rumor, Diplomacy, and War is intriguing in its subject matter and its methodology. Interested in the circulation of speech and ideas, Ewing tracks a variety of bruits–open and clandestine media, royal efforts to release and police information about matters of state and military conflict, and oral and written forms of communication. All this, with the aim of exploring a distinctively early-modern brand of political participation, and an “inchoate citizenship” that existed in the decades before the French Revolution. Questions of national identity, loyalty to the regime (or not), and political expression/representation were in the air during these years of war and Enlightenment. Ewing's is a book that shows us how much historians can hear if we listen carefully. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Tabetha Ewing‘s Rumor, Diplomacy and War in Enlightenment Paris (Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment, 2014) is all about the on dit, the word on the street that everyday Parisians might have picked up, and/or spread around town in the 1740s. Focused on rumor during the War of Austrian Succession that lasted from 1740-1748, Ewing's is a book that examines a range of urban voices and opinions across a pivotal decade of the Enlightenment. Taking very seriously the landscapes of gossip and fantasy, Rumor, Diplomacy, and War is intriguing in its subject matter and its methodology. Interested in the circulation of speech and ideas, Ewing tracks a variety of bruits–open and clandestine media, royal efforts to release and police information about matters of state and military conflict, and oral and written forms of communication. All this, with the aim of exploring a distinctively early-modern brand of political participation, and an “inchoate citizenship” that existed in the decades before the French Revolution. Questions of national identity, loyalty to the regime (or not), and political expression/representation were in the air during these years of war and Enlightenment. Ewing's is a book that shows us how much historians can hear if we listen carefully. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Tabetha Ewing‘s Rumor, Diplomacy and War in Enlightenment Paris (Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment, 2014) is all about the on dit, the word on the street that everyday Parisians might have picked up, and/or spread around town in the 1740s. Focused on rumor during the War of Austrian Succession that lasted from 1740-1748, Ewing’s is a book that examines a range of urban voices and opinions across a pivotal decade of the Enlightenment. Taking very seriously the landscapes of gossip and fantasy, Rumor, Diplomacy, and War is intriguing in its subject matter and its methodology. Interested in the circulation of speech and ideas, Ewing tracks a variety of bruits–open and clandestine media, royal efforts to release and police information about matters of state and military conflict, and oral and written forms of communication. All this, with the aim of exploring a distinctively early-modern brand of political participation, and an “inchoate citizenship” that existed in the decades before the French Revolution. Questions of national identity, loyalty to the regime (or not), and political expression/representation were in the air during these years of war and Enlightenment. Ewing’s is a book that shows us how much historians can hear if we listen carefully. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Tabetha Ewing‘s Rumor, Diplomacy and War in Enlightenment Paris (Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment, 2014) is all about the on dit, the word on the street that everyday Parisians might have picked up, and/or spread around town in the 1740s. Focused on rumor during the War of Austrian Succession that lasted from 1740-1748, Ewing’s is a book that examines a range of urban voices and opinions across a pivotal decade of the Enlightenment. Taking very seriously the landscapes of gossip and fantasy, Rumor, Diplomacy, and War is intriguing in its subject matter and its methodology. Interested in the circulation of speech and ideas, Ewing tracks a variety of bruits–open and clandestine media, royal efforts to release and police information about matters of state and military conflict, and oral and written forms of communication. All this, with the aim of exploring a distinctively early-modern brand of political participation, and an “inchoate citizenship” that existed in the decades before the French Revolution. Questions of national identity, loyalty to the regime (or not), and political expression/representation were in the air during these years of war and Enlightenment. Ewing’s is a book that shows us how much historians can hear if we listen carefully. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Tabetha Ewing‘s Rumor, Diplomacy and War in Enlightenment Paris (Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment, 2014) is all about the on dit, the word on the street that everyday Parisians might have picked up, and/or spread around town in the 1740s. Focused on rumor during the War of Austrian Succession that lasted from 1740-1748, Ewing’s is a book that examines a range of urban voices and opinions across a pivotal decade of the Enlightenment. Taking very seriously the landscapes of gossip and fantasy, Rumor, Diplomacy, and War is intriguing in its subject matter and its methodology. Interested in the circulation of speech and ideas, Ewing tracks a variety of bruits–open and clandestine media, royal efforts to release and police information about matters of state and military conflict, and oral and written forms of communication. All this, with the aim of exploring a distinctively early-modern brand of political participation, and an “inchoate citizenship” that existed in the decades before the French Revolution. Questions of national identity, loyalty to the regime (or not), and political expression/representation were in the air during these years of war and Enlightenment. Ewing’s is a book that shows us how much historians can hear if we listen carefully. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Tabetha Ewing‘s Rumor, Diplomacy and War in Enlightenment Paris (Oxford University Studies in the Enlightenment, 2014) is all about the on dit, the word on the street that everyday Parisians might have picked up, and/or spread around town in the 1740s. Focused on rumor during the War of Austrian Succession that lasted from 1740-1748, Ewing’s is a book that examines a range of urban voices and opinions across a pivotal decade of the Enlightenment. Taking very seriously the landscapes of gossip and fantasy, Rumor, Diplomacy, and War is intriguing in its subject matter and its methodology. Interested in the circulation of speech and ideas, Ewing tracks a variety of bruits–open and clandestine media, royal efforts to release and police information about matters of state and military conflict, and oral and written forms of communication. All this, with the aim of exploring a distinctively early-modern brand of political participation, and an “inchoate citizenship” that existed in the decades before the French Revolution. Questions of national identity, loyalty to the regime (or not), and political expression/representation were in the air during these years of war and Enlightenment. Ewing’s is a book that shows us how much historians can hear if we listen carefully. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

DonaldFDraper drops in to give a broad overview of how European politics and military tactics changed in the extended century running from the end of the 30 Years War up into the ascent Napoleon. Starting with Gustavus Adolphus, the development of line infantry, and the resuscitation of cavalry tactics, the episode progresses there into the War of Spanish Succession and the dynastic gamesmanship that dictated the pace of war and peace. The episode proceeds from there into the War of Austrian Succession, the rise of Prussia, the Diplomatic Revolution, the Seven Years War, new artillery tactics, and the relative merits of muskets vs. rifles.  

Elizabeth I, Empress of Russia, had Russia embroiled in 2 world wars up until her death.

Like the two following rooms, this room is named after Joseph Rosa, the painter of the landscapes that hang here. The first painting to the left of the door you have just come through depicts the Habichtsburg in Aargau in Switzerland, which is the ancestral seat of the Habsburg dynasty. Here you can see the portrait of Maria Theresa by the court painter Martin van Meytens. Maria Theresa was an unusually energetic woman; after the death of her father, she succeeded in defending her Habsburg inheritance against half of Europe in the War of the Austrian Succession. She ruled over the Habsburg Hereditary Lands, while her consort, Franz Stephan of Lorraine, was Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. Franz Stephan devoted himself to his private interests, which included natural sciences and economy, leaving political affairs to his wife. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

The Carousel Room owes its name to the large oil painting hanging on the left. It depicts the Ladies‘ Carousel held by Maria Theresa in the Winter Riding School of the Hofburg in 1743 to mark the recapturing of Prague in the War of the Austrian Succession. This Winter Riding School, today known as the Spanish Riding School, is still the setting for performances by the famous Lipizzan stallions. Here Maria Theresa rides on a Lipizzaner at the centre of the picture, followed by her ladies-in-waiting. To the left is a portrait of Maria Theresa’s father, Emperor Charles VI, wearing a sumptuous Spanish coat-dress. www.schoenbrunn.at | Download Tour-Guide (PDF)© by Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur- und Betriebsges.m.b.H.

This episode is title “Pressed.”In our last episode, we took a look at the French church of the 17th C and considered the contest between the Catholic Jansenists and Jesuits.It's interesting realizing the Jansenists began as a theological movement that looks quite similar to Calvinism. Their theology eventually spilled over into the political realm and undercut the Divine Right of Kings, a European political system that had held sway in for centuries, and reached its apex in France under Louis XIV, granting him the august title of The Sun KingIn this episode, we'll take a look at what happened to the French Protestants, the Huguenots.By the mid 16th century, Huguenots were 10% of the French population. They hoped all France would one day adopt the Reformed Faith. But their hopes were shattered by defeat in nine political and religious wars.You may remember from an earlier episode that Henry IV, a convert to Catholicism from Protestantism, that conversion being a purely pragmatic and political maneuver, granted the Huguenots limited rights in the Edict of Nantes in 1598. Thirty years later, those rights were revoked by the Peace of Alais. Then the fortified Protestant city of La Rochelle surrendered in 1628, ending any hope of France's conversion to Protestantism.For twenty-four years, Louis XIV waged a devastating anti-Protestant campaign. Nearly 700 Reformed churches were closed or torn down. And in 1685, Louis replaced the Edict of Nantes with the Edict of Fontainebleau.He ordered uniformed troops called dragoons to move into the Huguenot homes in Protestant centers. These troops were allowed by the king's decree to use whatever means they wanted, short of murder and rape, to intimidate Huguenots into converting to Catholicism.Some 200,000 Huguenots fled France. They took refuge in Geneva, Prussia, England, and North America. Those refugees were often people of great learning and skill who enriched the intellectual and economic life of their adopted realms.But thousands of Huguenots stayed in France. Many made a show-conversion to Catholicism, while secretly remaining Protestants. They formed an underground church known as the “Church of the Desert.”  From 1684 to 98, twenty Huguenot pastors were hunted and killed.Louis XIV feared the Huguenots because he equated them with the Puritan rebels who'd executed Charles I in England in 1649. Louis was also in competition with the Holy Roman Emperor, Leopold I, for hegemony in Europe. Allowing a large and politically powerful Protestant base in his realm didn't commend Louis as a strong Catholic leader. He already faced criticism for not sending troops to defend Vienna from invading Turks while Leopold had. It was Louis's plan to attack the Turks AFTER they'd taken Vienna! His plan fell apart when the Europeans managed to defeat the enemy before Vienna's walls.Louis' suspicion of the Huguenots seemed justified by the Camisard War of 1702 to 4. They called for “freedom of conscience” and “no taxes.” Protestant prophets predicted a liberation from their oppressors. But the prophets were proven to be of the false variety when the revolt was put down.In 1726, an underground seminary for young men was established in Lausanne, Switzerland. It received financial support from Protestants in Switzerland, England, and the Netherlands. Studies lasted from six months to three years. After that, graduates returned to minister to outlawed churches in France. If captured, they were executed.During the Seven Years War, known in the US as the French and Indian War, French Protestants became the beneficiaries of unofficial toleration. While no friend to Christianity, Voltaire assisted Huguenots by writing a book defending toleration. Finally, in the Edict of Toleration of 1787, Louis XVI gave Huguenots the right to worship.But in the three years BEFORE that, 7000 Huguenots were executed, another 2000 forced to serve in the French Navy, a kind of living death if you know anything about the life of a lowly sailor at that time.After 1760, some Reformed pastors, influenced by Voltaire, moved toward theological liberalism.From the late 17th to late 18th century, what we know as Germany today was a patchwork quilt of over 300 mostly autonomous principalities, kingdoms, electorates, duchies, bishoprics, and other political enclaves. Rarely used, the term “Germany” meant a nebulous region that included many of these regions, much like the term “Europe” refers to a continent with many nations. Germany was just one part of a larger entity known as the Holy Roman Empire. That realm included 1,800 territories. Places like Poland, the Hapsburg Empire, Bohemia, Moravia, Austria, Hungary, Serbia, Transylvania, and Italy.A Council of Electors, ranging from seven to nine, picked the Holy Roman Emperor.The Emperor's ability to raise armies, collect taxes, and make laws was often hampered by the many groups in the empire that enjoyed a measure of their own sovereignty. The fiction known as the Holy Roman Empire ended under Napoleon.In the 1740s, Frederick the Great, King of Brandenburg-Prussia from the Hohenzollern family and Calvinists since 1613, challenged the Hapsburg's power. At the outset of the War of the Austrian Succession, Frederick's troops seized Silesia and Prussians became THE military power in Europe.In Germany, the leading kingdoms were Brandenburg-Prussia, Saxony, the Rhineland Palatinate, Hanover, and Bavaria. Following the principle established by the Peace of Westphalia, the religion of these kingdoms was that of their prince.While Bavaria was staunchly Catholic, Brandenburg-Prussia was Calvinist with strong pietistic leanings. The rest of Germany was Lutheran of the pietist mold. A unified Germany nation would not emerge until the days of the “Iron Chancellor” Otto von Bismarck in the second half of the 19th century.The emergence of Prussia as a great military power in the 18th century impressed their European neighbors. The kingdom's army of some 83,000 ranked fourth in size among the European powers, though its landmass was a tenth of the area and only thirteenth in population. Its rulers promoted a disciplined lifestyle like that of the Pietists as a model for Prussian bureaucrats, military, and nobles (called Junkers). The highly militaristic Frederick III ruled Brandenburg from 1688 to 1713. Being reformed in theology, he encouraged French Huguenots who'd fled France to settle in his kingdom. In 1694, he founded the University of Halle as a Lutheran university. He welcomed Pietists like Jakob Spener and Hermann Francke. In 1698, Francke began teaching theology there. Frederick III made the University of Konigsberg another Pietist center.In his work Pious Desires, published in 1675, Spener, who you'll remember was the founder of Pietism, centered his call for reform of the Church in the faithful teaching and application of Scripture. He called for daily private Bible reading and meditation and the reading of Scripture in small groups.Spener urged that pastoral training schools should not be places for theological wrangling, but as “workshops of the Holy Spirit.” Nor should seminary professors seek glory by authoring lofty tomes filled with showy erudition. They ought instead to be examples of humble service. Spener emphasized the priesthood of ALL believers. Ministers should seek help from laypeople to assist in the task of tending to the needs of a congregation instead of assuming they had to do everything themselves. Spener took this idea from what the Apostle Paul had written in Ephesians 4. As described there, pastors were to equip believers so they could do ministry.At the University of Halle, Hermann Francke insisted that those training for pastoral ministry ought to study Scripture in its original languages of Hebrew and Greek. Francke wrote: “The exegetical reading of Holy Scripture is that which concerns finding and explaining the literal sense intended by the Holy Spirit Himself.”In 1702, Francke founded the Collegium Orientale Theologicum. Advanced students could learn Aramaic, Arabic, Ethiopian, Chaldean, Syriac, and Hebrew.Francke established an orphanage in Halle in 1695. He created schools and businesses including a printing house where orphans could learn a trade. By 1700, Francke's various institutions gained the support of Emperor Frederick III, who valued their contribution in fostering Christian discipline among his students, the Prussian populace, and his soldiers. Francke wanted to make Halle a center for Christian reform and world missions. In anticipation of what George Mueller would later give testimony to, Franke wrote of examples of how he prayed for specific needs and provision came to feed the poor and keep the schools open, sometimes arriving at the last moment. He wrote: “These instances I was willing here to set down so that I might give the reader some idea both of the pressing trials and happy deliverances we have met with; though I am sufficiently convinced that narratives of this kind will seem over-simple and fanciful to the great minds of our age.”On one occasion, Frederick IV, King of Denmark, gave a direct order to his chaplain: “Find me missionaries.” That chaplain asked Francke for help. Francke proposed two students from the University of Halle. The Danish-Halle Mission was launched. On Nov. 29, 1705, Bartholomew Ziegenbalg and Heinrich Plütschau set sail for India. Eight months later they arrived. They were dismayed to discover the horrid immorality of the Europeans there. Claiming to be Christians, the Indians assumed all believers in Christ were immoral. There was great resistance to the Gospel at first, but the missionaries' faithfulness eventually softened the hearts of the Hindus. Ziegenbalg translated the Bible into Tamil and set up a school and a missionary college before he died at the age of 36.Christian Schwartz also served as a missionary in India. Johann Steinmetz ministered in Teschen, Silesia, Moravia, and Bohemia. Others took the gospel to Russia during the reign of Peter the Great. Halle missionaries met the physical and spiritual needs of captured Swedish troops who, when they returned to Sweden, spread Pietism in their homeland. Sixty students went forth from the University of Halle as missionaries.The press of the Bible Institute in Halle produced more than 80,000 copies of complete Bibles and another 100,000 copies of the New Testament.In 1713, the Pietitst Frederick William I became king. He not only built up the military, he funded the production of thousands of Bibles so that all his subjects could read it for themselves. When he died in 1727, some 2000 students attended the school in Halle. His orphanage served as a model for George Whitefield's in Savannah, Georgia.We need to do a bit of summarizing now so we can avoid that thing we've talked about before – the reporting of history as a bunch of dates and names. I'll do so by simply saying the Enlightenment that swept France and England, also impacted Germany. The original faculty of the University at Halle would have been shocked to see the way later professors turned away from what they considered orthodoxy.We'll jump ahead to a bit later in the 18th century and the work of Johann Semler considered the Founder of German Higher Criticism.Semler began teaching at Halle in 1751. He'd been a student of professors who merged Enlightenment philosophy with the Faith. For twenty-two years, from 1757 till ‘79, Semler was the most influential of the German theologians. He called for a more liberal investigation of the Bible, one not tethered to long-held orthodox assumptions about the canon of Scripture or its infallibility.Semler held forth that religion and theology ought not be linked. He also set a divide between what he called the “Word of God” and “Scripture.” He maintained that not all the books or passages of the Bible were in truth God's Word and that God's Word wasn't limited to the Bible.He taught that the authors of scripture accommodated their writings to the errant ideas of their times, especially the Jews. Sifting out the authentic Word of God from the mythological, local, fallible, and non-inspired dross in Scripture, by which he meant a belief in the supernatural, was the task of the wise Bible student. Then, once the authentic canon within the Bible was identified, real doctrines would need to be parsed.Astonishingly, Semler claimed his ideas were faithful to the work of Martin Luther, which they most certainly were NOT!The reaction to Semler was mixed. Some scholars supported him because his work opened a lot of wiggle-room that allowed them to accommodate the growing popularity of Enlightenment skepticism. But his critics pounced, accusing him of abandoning the inspiration and inerrancy of the Bible.When Frederick the Great died in 1786, his nephew Frederick William II became King of Prussia. He attempted to rein in the growing volume of literature now exposing the German populace to heterodoxy; that is, ideas outside the pale of orthodoxy, by passing an edict calling for censorship of any work about God and morality. Any such work was to be submitted to a government commission of censors for approval.  Several Lutheran pastors resigned in protest, and the main publisher of such works moved his operations out of Berlin. The government feared radical expressions of the German Enlightenment would subvert the faith of the people and their loyalty to the State.In March 1758, Johann Hamann was converted to Christ and became a brilliant counter to the Enlightenment. He pointed out the errors in Kant's philosophy and said the light of the so-called “Enlightenment” was cold, more like the moon, compared to that which comes from the Sun of Christian revelation in Scripture and nature.