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Episode 329. Topic: Sequencing DNA. Theme: Genetics. How does classic DNA sequencing work? How is it different today?Twitter: @3minutelessonEmail: 3minutelesson@gmail.comNew episode every week day!
Francis deSouza President and CEO, Illumina “The first genome sequence of the virus that was published on January 12th online was done on Illumina machines, and so we have been working on this outbreak [since] well before it became a pandemic.” Sequencing DNA quickly and cheaply has revolutionized medicine with new cures and therapies that have extended and saved lives. As president and CEO of Illumina, Francis deSouza has been at the forefront of these advances and is leading his company toward new applications that can help fight a pandemic. He and Mike discuss how to get the world back to work, how many genomes may actually be present in our bodies, and a novel way of safeguarding the world's data: “DNA has been optimized by nature to be the best storage medium out there and it's only a matter of time before we use it ourselves for the data that we generate.”
A 6th grade science teacher, a field trip to the Cosmosphere, lots of hard work, several advanced degrees, and a NASA internship has all been a influential part of Dr. Sarah Wallace’s journey. Dr. Sarah Wallace has always been in love with space, and through her work at NASA, she’s found her calling. As a microbiologist, Sarah serves as the principal investigator for the Biomolecule Sequencer, allowing DNA to be sequenced in space on board the International Space Station. Talking to Sarah is like talking to your best friend, if your best friend happens to be a super-smart, yet down-to-Earth NASA microbiologist! Beth and Sarah energetically enjoy discussing: The Kansas Cosmosphere and how it fostered the joy and inspiration for Sarah to understand space How we are all just walking bacteria… What it’s like to see her experiments be flown on the International Space Station, including the first ever DNA sequencer in space! AND, having a space wedding. Not just a space-themed wedding, I mean, a serious space nerd let’s-take-this-all-the-way SPACE wedding. Short of actually having it IN space. About Dr. Sarah: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FaEqVYw7O3g Taken from adafruit.com: Dr. Sarah Wallace is currently is the NASA Microbiologist and Principal Investigator for the Genes in Space-3 Project aboard the International Space Station (ISS). She works at the NASA Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. Dr. Wallace conducts research to understand how the environment in space alters the behavior of microbes and runs her tests aboard the ISS. This will help us to one day identify microbes in-flight. The recent Biomolecule Sequencer (MinION) that Wallace worked on, showed that DNA sequencing in space is possible. BONUS SHOW NOTES & QUOTES: On being a female in microbiology: “I had a pretty even split of females and males in my graduate classes, and at my lab here at NASA, we have TONS of female scientists, and it’s really exciting! I have several female colleagues that started with me right out of their undergrad or Ph. D. programs and have blossomed into become these phenomenal scientists! I feel like things are really opening up for anyone who is qualified and passionate, and it’s no longer a stereotypical ‘man’s world’. I got to meet with some of the women from the Apollo mission, and most of them were assistants. Now, females are running the divisions and the directorates, and females leading as subject matter experts in all disciplines. It’s really great to see how big that change has been since Apollo. Sarah attended Wichita State and loved microbiology, and molecular biology. Determined to find a graduate program that had both, Sarah found the University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston. The NASA connection and fellowships in the life sciences through NASA allowed Sarah to conduct most of her research at the NASA Johnson Space Center for her Ph.D. dissertation. “It’s been a rewarding path, steppingstones often presented themselves to me, AND, I worked REALLY hard to make that happen. I was laser focused to get to NASA.” About Being a Part of the Team to Put the First DNA Sequencer on Station: “If you just stop and think about it, something that’s very complex on Earth, sequencing DNA, has become commonplace in space! We have DNA sequencing in space! We have been sequencing DNA on board ISS since 2016. To date, we’ve done about 30 sequencing runs with about 6 different astronauts. Why that’s important: it’s been not only an incredible achievement, and there are SO many applications… from my area we monitor the station (air and water microbes) and we have no way to do that unless we bring the samples back to Earth, which does not set us up very well as we try to move away from low-Earth orbit and not be dependent on sample return. My team developed a method where we could go all the way from sample to answer not only to fly the sequencer, but we developed all the preparation methods to take a swab of anything really and sequence the microbial DNA from that swab. The things we find are common and they are the same things we find in your room. ISS is incredibly clean. About What’s Next: “I have colleagues who are interested in getting in the human health domain. We know humans are changing in response to spaceflight. The hows and whys and what’s really going on are not widely known, so this technology can be very powerful in helping us understand this better. Based on an astronaut’s genetic makeup, there could be a “eat this, do this kind of exercise” monitoring to understand if they are responding favorably or poorly to the recommendations (based on the sequencing) and really get into a precision medicine type approach. This (sequencing technology) is definitely something that I see moving into a doctor’s office for everyone’s benefit. On DNA and RNA sequencing and epigenetics- “Yes, there’s absolutely ways that we ourselves are regulating what genes are turned on or off through these mechanisms, HOW that’s happening and to what responses are the types of questions that we are looking to answer right now.” On What Happens When Girls Get to Meet Sarah (as a Doctor, as a Scientist, as a NASA researcher for Station): “It’s surreal.” Between all of the amazing opportunities I’ve had since we launched the sequencer in 2016 until now, I’ve had more people ask for my autograph and to take selfies with me.. it’s like, ‘what is happening? I’m just a nerd!’ It’s incredible and it makes me feel so good. NASA has a video series called, “What’s on Board?” and I was fortunate to talk about the DNA sequencer. There was a young girl in the audience interested in science journalism, and she came up to me after the program and said to me, ‘You are NOT what I expected a NASA scientist to be!’ It made me feel really good because obviously I connected with her.” What’s On the Horizon: “I look forward to when we can address those opportunities with cutting edge technologies, making sure we’re making the environment safe for the crew, and then using these technologies to learn more about what happens to life in space. We are at the cusp of this really exciting time where we know things change, but we don’t really understand the hows and the whys and the next decade is really going to start to shine light into these answers, and I’m excited to see NASA using these technologies to understand what’s happening in space with cellular life.” MORE!!!! On International Space Station DNA Sequencing: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/news/dna_sequencing https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/news/biomolecule_sequencer KIDS! Students! Check out Genes in Space- YOUR opportunity to fly an experiment in SPACE: https://www.genesinspace.org/ If you've ever wondered how astronauts might survive a deep-space mission or how we might use biology to transform new worlds, Genes in Space is for you: Propose an experiment that utilizes molecular biology capabilities aboard the ISS, specifically polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Test your hypothesis in the ultimate lab: The International Space Station
Checking in on the 2020 Democrats…Sen. Elizabeth Warren continues to surge and is getting huge crowds at many of her events. While Joe Biden remains the frontrunner, these large crowds are a sign of growing enthusiasm. Ginger Gibson, political reporter for Reuters, joins us for that, a new plan on background checks circulating on Capitol Hill, and how President Trump has changed the White House to fit his style. Next, the movies made it seem so simple, get a strand of hair and you can figure out who it belongs to through DNA. Well that is only true if the hair had a root on it, and in most cases they don't. That has changed now thanks to a scientist who has developed a new technique that makes is possible to recover and sequence DNA from a hair without a root. The scientist behind the technique is now getting packages of hair from all over in hopes that he can identify serial killers and victims. Heather Murphy, reporter for the NY Times, joins us for the latest advancement in DNA. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com
Hello, I’m Thomas Locke and this is Five Minutes, the podcast that brings you closer to the malaria experts. The Mobile Malaria team, led by Dr George Busby from the University of Oxford, are about to set off on a six-thousand-kilometre journey across Africa. They’ll be making the journey in a Land Rover, taking portable DNA sequencing technology on the road. Sequencing DNA is no mean feat, it requires lots of specialist equipment, stuff you’d normally find in a lab. But this project won’t be done in a high-tech laboratory, it’ll be done from the boot of a car. I recently spoke with Dr Busby and began by asking how they’re able to take this highly technical operation on the road.
Happy Wednesday everyone! Don't forget; you can reach me through email, john@thespaceshot.com. Send questions, ideas, or comments to this email, and I will respond to you! Thanks for reaching out :) Thank you for making me part of your daily routine, I appreciate your time and your ears! If you could do me a favor and leave a review for the podcast, I'd appreciate it! If you take a screenshot of your review and send it to @johnmulnix, pretty much anywhere on the Internet, I will send you a Space Shot sticker and a thank you! You can send me questions and connect with me on Facebook, Instagram, or Twitter, by clicking one of the links below. Facebook (https://m.facebook.com/thespaceshot/) Instagram (https://www.instagram.com/johnmulnix/) Twitter (https://twitter.com/johnmulnix) I've also got a call in number that I'm going to be testing here soon, so keep an eye out for that! Thanks to everyone that's subscribed to the podcast. If you could do me a favor and leave a review for the podcast, I'd appreciate it! If you take a screenshot of your review and send it to @johnmulnix, pretty much anywhere on the Internet, I will send you a Space Shot sticker and a thank you! Episode Links: Saturn SA-4 NASA Mission Page (https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/masterCatalog.do?sc=SATURNSA4) NASA Women of STEM (https://www.nasa.gov/education/womenstem) Predicting the Lifespan of Materials in Space (https://www.nasa.gov/feature/predicting-the-lifespan-of-materials-in-space) Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) (https://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/history/ldef01.html) LDEF and a SpaceX Zuma Mission Update- The Space Shot, Episode 240 (https://thespaceshot.fireside.fm/240) Kate Rubins' Space Station Science Scrapbook (https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/rubins_science_scrapbook) Sequencing DNA in the Palm of Your Hand (https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/news/biomolecule_sequencer) Kathleen "Kate" Rubins (PH.D.) NASA Astronaut (https://www.nasa.gov/astronauts/biographies/kathleen-rubins/biography) Five Things to Know About NASA Astronaut Kate Rubins (https://www.nasa.gov/feature/five-things-to-know-about-nasa-astronaut-kate-rubins)
This week, Thomas Williams discusses six things which he thinks should be better known: Health economics: saving lives does not save money in the long run - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_economics The busiest railway stations: almost all of them are in Japan - https://japantoday.com/category/features/travel/the-51-busiest-train-stations-in-the-world-all-but-6-located-in-japan Sequencing DNA: you can do it on your laptop - www.economist.com/news/science-and-technology/21732083-small-portable-devices-plug-laptops-taking-dna-sequencing Prevalence of asthmatics in sport: asthma is no barrier to winning Olympic medals - www.theguardian.com/sport/2016/apr/29/elite-athletes-asthma-simon-yates-team-sky-swimmers Changing perceptions of euthanasia: the public used to be less hostile towards it - www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/divisions-diagnostics-and-procedures/medicine/euthanasia Churchill’s role at Gallipoli: the strategy was correct, after all - www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/gallipoli-was-not-churchills-great-folly-20110413-1ddzb.html This podcast is powered by ZenCast.fm
NASA Astronaut and Former Whitehead Fellow Kathleen “Kate” Rubins sits down with Whitehead’s Director David Page to discuss her journey from studying pox viruses to sequencing DNA in space.
Joseph G. Gleeson, MD, Rady Professor of Neuroscience at UC San Diego, joins William Mobley, MD, PhD, to discuss his work sequencing DNA to find treatments for neurodevelopmental disorders. Learn more about using a genetic framework to tease out the individual contributors to autism, why implementing rapid DNA sequencing for newborns can make huge impacts, and more. Series: "Brain Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 31470]
Joseph G. Gleeson, MD, Rady Professor of Neuroscience at UC San Diego, joins William Mobley, MD, PhD, to discuss his work sequencing DNA to find treatments for neurodevelopmental disorders. Learn more about using a genetic framework to tease out the individual contributors to autism, why implementing rapid DNA sequencing for newborns can make huge impacts, and more. Series: "Brain Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 31470]
The Human Genome Project took 13 years and cost 3 billion dollars. That was for just one human genome. Now the cost of DNA-sequencing has fallen dramatically. You can do human genetic testing for under a thousand dollars a genome today. And now next-gen DNA-sequencing technology has become economical enough to apply in different contexts. Take ClearLabs.com, a Silicon Valley tech company that's built a DNA-sequencing platform for food. It's expensive to mess up food, for a manufacturer. “The average food safety recall averages around ten million an incident, but can climb much higher,” says ClearLabs co-founder Mahni Ghorashi. Besides the cost to business, which totals 55 million a year, there's also the cost to human life, with 3,000 deaths from food-bourne illnesses yearly. With the tech ClearLabs is developing, all this can be prevented. Listen to learn more about ClearLabs, and the application of DNA-sequencing to the food industry. Be sure to subscribe, review, and if you can, consider donating a few BitCoins to the cause.