Podcasts about Resistance

This month, on Laura Flanders & Friends, we turn to the state of journalism—at a moment of deep disruption, consolidation, and consequence.  Across the country and around the world, newsrooms are shrinking, ownership is concentrating, and the very idea of a free and independent press is under pressure. But journalists aren't simply standing by—they're pushing back, reimagining their work, and, in many cases, taking matters into their own hands. This show is made possible by you! To become a sustaining member go to LauraFlanders.org/donate Description: Mainstream media has a lot to account for in 2024, but go back 90 years, and prestigious publications have often failed to see when things were so clearly wrong. In 1930s Germany, many journalists downplayed Adolf Hitler's ascension to power, with the New York Times writing “There is no warrant for immediate alarm…The more violent parts of his alleged program he has himself in recent months been softening down or abandoning.” But one young British journalist who, seeing what was happening, quit his job with The London Times and founded The Week, a newsletter that became famous for its opposition to fascism and the Western powers that were enabling it. His name was Claud Cockburn, and he's the subject of a newly-released biography by his son, Patrick Cockburn, “Believe Nothing Until It Is Officially Denied: Claud Cockburn and the Invention of Guerrilla Journalism,” out now via Verso Books. Patrick is an award-winning journalist himself, with a long expertise in the Middle East. And Patrick is Laura Flanders' uncle; Claud is her grandfather. How did mainstream media miss what Claud knew about the rise of Nazis, and how did his guerilla journalism make an impact? And why is Claud's story so relevant now? All that, plus a commentary from Laura. (anchor episode originally released November 15th, 2024) Guest: Patrick Cockburn, Journalist, and author including “Believe Nothing Until It Is Officially Denied:  Claud Cockburn and the Invention of Guerrilla Journalism”, Verso Books.   Watch the broadcast episode cut for time at our YouTube channel and airing on PBS stations across the country  Note- Full Conversation Release:  While our weekly shows are edited to time for broadcast on Public TV and community radio, we offer to our members and podcast subscribers the full uncut conversation.  The following is from our episode "Patrick & Claud Cockburn: A Legacy of Guerilla Journalism Against Media Complacency."    These audio exclusives are made possible thanks to our member supporters. Become a supporting member at https://LauraFlanders.org/Donate   Related Laura Flanders Show Episodes: •  Stephanie Flanders on A Trump Economy & What to Watch in The Ultimate Election Year, Watch / Podcast: Abridged, Uncut Conversation •  Arundhati Roy: Freedom, Fascism, Fiction and the Pandemic Portal, Watch / Podcast:  Abridged, Uncut Conversation • Laura's Commentary, F-Word:  Bodies, Borders, Resistance, Rebirth:  Arundhati Roy, Podcast •  Patrick Cockburn on Syria, Watch   Related Articles and Resources: • Opinion:  Is Trump a fascist?  Probably - but not like those of the 30s, by Patrick Cockburn, November 9 2024, iNews • Opinion:  Netanyahu knows the US can't restrain him now, by Patrick Cockburn, October 2, 2024, iNews •  Most political disasters are overstated - not this one, by Patrick Cockburn, November 6, 2024, iNews   Full Episode Notes are located HERE. They include related episodes, articles, and more. Laura Flanders and Friends Crew: Laura Flanders-Executive Producer, Writer; Sabrina Artel-Supervising Producer; Jeremiah Cothren-Senior Producer; Veronica Delgado-Video Editor, Janet Hernandez-Communications Director; Jeannie Hopper-Audio Director, Podcast & Radio Producer, Audio Editor, Sound Design, Narrator; Sarah Miller-Development Director, Nat Needham-Editor, Graphic Design emeritus; David Neuman-Senior Video Editor, and Rory O'Conner-Senior Consulting Producer. FOLLOW Laura Flanders and FriendsInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/lauraflandersandfriends/Blueky: https://bsky.app/profile/lfandfriends.bsky.socialFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/LauraFlandersAndFriends/Tiktok: https://www.tiktok.com/@lauraflandersandfriendsYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCFLRxVeYcB1H7DbuYZQG-lgLinkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/company/lauraflandersandfriendsPatreon: https://www.patreon.com/lauraflandersandfriendsACCESSIBILITY - The broadcast edition of this episode is available with closed captioned by clicking here for our YouTube Channel

Dr. Kristen Tegtmeier Oertel's Seeking Freedom in Indian Country: Slavery, Sovereignty, and Resistance within the Five Tribes, 1790–1861 (LSU Press, 2026) is the first comprehensive study of African chattel slavery within the Five Tribes: the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee (Creek), and Seminole Nations. Dr. Oertel examines how chattel slavery functioned among all Five Tribes before and during the removal process, how the tribes reconstituted slavery post-removal in Indian Territory, and how enslaved Black people promoted freedom-seeking strategies at each stage. Furthermore, her work considers how the conflict over slavery in Indian Territory contributed to the larger national debate over slavery's fate on the eve of the Civil War. Historians have examined how the practice of African enslavement emerged within one or two tribes, how forced migration affected slavery within particular nations, and how the debate over slavery divided multiple Indigenous nations. Dr. Oertel, however, is the first to examine Indian Territory as a whole, its significance to the sectional debates, and its role as an incubator of emancipation policies in the United States. Knitting together these individual tribal narratives and supplementing them with extensive primary research on how slavery functioned across Indian Territory, she integrates Indian country into the antebellum march toward the Civil War. Seeking Freedom in Indian Country joins a rising chorus of studies that integrate southern and western history, which, by default, also pulls together the history of the so-called Indian Wars with the Civil War. Dr. Oertel suggests that we cannot fully understand the causes of the Civil War without also considering the changes brought about by the forced removal of Indians. She argues that settler colonialism and the expansion of African chattel slavery together set the stage for sectional conflict to explode in the West. Ironically, both Indigenous resistance to settler colonialism and Black resistance to slavery challenged white supremacy in ways that foretold the end of slavery but also furthered the settler colonial project. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts.  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/african-american-studies

Dr. Kristen Tegtmeier Oertel's Seeking Freedom in Indian Country: Slavery, Sovereignty, and Resistance within the Five Tribes, 1790–1861 (LSU Press, 2026) is the first comprehensive study of African chattel slavery within the Five Tribes: the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee (Creek), and Seminole Nations. Dr. Oertel examines how chattel slavery functioned among all Five Tribes before and during the removal process, how the tribes reconstituted slavery post-removal in Indian Territory, and how enslaved Black people promoted freedom-seeking strategies at each stage. Furthermore, her work considers how the conflict over slavery in Indian Territory contributed to the larger national debate over slavery's fate on the eve of the Civil War. Historians have examined how the practice of African enslavement emerged within one or two tribes, how forced migration affected slavery within particular nations, and how the debate over slavery divided multiple Indigenous nations. Dr. Oertel, however, is the first to examine Indian Territory as a whole, its significance to the sectional debates, and its role as an incubator of emancipation policies in the United States. Knitting together these individual tribal narratives and supplementing them with extensive primary research on how slavery functioned across Indian Territory, she integrates Indian country into the antebellum march toward the Civil War. Seeking Freedom in Indian Country joins a rising chorus of studies that integrate southern and western history, which, by default, also pulls together the history of the so-called Indian Wars with the Civil War. Dr. Oertel suggests that we cannot fully understand the causes of the Civil War without also considering the changes brought about by the forced removal of Indians. She argues that settler colonialism and the expansion of African chattel slavery together set the stage for sectional conflict to explode in the West. Ironically, both Indigenous resistance to settler colonialism and Black resistance to slavery challenged white supremacy in ways that foretold the end of slavery but also furthered the settler colonial project. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts.  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Dr. Kristen Tegtmeier Oertel's Seeking Freedom in Indian Country: Slavery, Sovereignty, and Resistance within the Five Tribes, 1790–1861 (LSU Press, 2026) is the first comprehensive study of African chattel slavery within the Five Tribes: the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee (Creek), and Seminole Nations. Dr. Oertel examines how chattel slavery functioned among all Five Tribes before and during the removal process, how the tribes reconstituted slavery post-removal in Indian Territory, and how enslaved Black people promoted freedom-seeking strategies at each stage. Furthermore, her work considers how the conflict over slavery in Indian Territory contributed to the larger national debate over slavery's fate on the eve of the Civil War. Historians have examined how the practice of African enslavement emerged within one or two tribes, how forced migration affected slavery within particular nations, and how the debate over slavery divided multiple Indigenous nations. Dr. Oertel, however, is the first to examine Indian Territory as a whole, its significance to the sectional debates, and its role as an incubator of emancipation policies in the United States. Knitting together these individual tribal narratives and supplementing them with extensive primary research on how slavery functioned across Indian Territory, she integrates Indian country into the antebellum march toward the Civil War. Seeking Freedom in Indian Country joins a rising chorus of studies that integrate southern and western history, which, by default, also pulls together the history of the so-called Indian Wars with the Civil War. Dr. Oertel suggests that we cannot fully understand the causes of the Civil War without also considering the changes brought about by the forced removal of Indians. She argues that settler colonialism and the expansion of African chattel slavery together set the stage for sectional conflict to explode in the West. Ironically, both Indigenous resistance to settler colonialism and Black resistance to slavery challenged white supremacy in ways that foretold the end of slavery but also furthered the settler colonial project. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts.  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

Dr. Kristen Tegtmeier Oertel's Seeking Freedom in Indian Country: Slavery, Sovereignty, and Resistance within the Five Tribes, 1790–1861 (LSU Press, 2026) is the first comprehensive study of African chattel slavery within the Five Tribes: the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee (Creek), and Seminole Nations. Dr. Oertel examines how chattel slavery functioned among all Five Tribes before and during the removal process, how the tribes reconstituted slavery post-removal in Indian Territory, and how enslaved Black people promoted freedom-seeking strategies at each stage. Furthermore, her work considers how the conflict over slavery in Indian Territory contributed to the larger national debate over slavery's fate on the eve of the Civil War. Historians have examined how the practice of African enslavement emerged within one or two tribes, how forced migration affected slavery within particular nations, and how the debate over slavery divided multiple Indigenous nations. Dr. Oertel, however, is the first to examine Indian Territory as a whole, its significance to the sectional debates, and its role as an incubator of emancipation policies in the United States. Knitting together these individual tribal narratives and supplementing them with extensive primary research on how slavery functioned across Indian Territory, she integrates Indian country into the antebellum march toward the Civil War. Seeking Freedom in Indian Country joins a rising chorus of studies that integrate southern and western history, which, by default, also pulls together the history of the so-called Indian Wars with the Civil War. Dr. Oertel suggests that we cannot fully understand the causes of the Civil War without also considering the changes brought about by the forced removal of Indians. She argues that settler colonialism and the expansion of African chattel slavery together set the stage for sectional conflict to explode in the West. Ironically, both Indigenous resistance to settler colonialism and Black resistance to slavery challenged white supremacy in ways that foretold the end of slavery but also furthered the settler colonial project. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts.  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/native-american-studies

Dr. Kristen Tegtmeier Oertel's Seeking Freedom in Indian Country: Slavery, Sovereignty, and Resistance within the Five Tribes, 1790–1861 (LSU Press, 2026) is the first comprehensive study of African chattel slavery within the Five Tribes: the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee (Creek), and Seminole Nations. Dr. Oertel examines how chattel slavery functioned among all Five Tribes before and during the removal process, how the tribes reconstituted slavery post-removal in Indian Territory, and how enslaved Black people promoted freedom-seeking strategies at each stage. Furthermore, her work considers how the conflict over slavery in Indian Territory contributed to the larger national debate over slavery's fate on the eve of the Civil War. Historians have examined how the practice of African enslavement emerged within one or two tribes, how forced migration affected slavery within particular nations, and how the debate over slavery divided multiple Indigenous nations. Dr. Oertel, however, is the first to examine Indian Territory as a whole, its significance to the sectional debates, and its role as an incubator of emancipation policies in the United States. Knitting together these individual tribal narratives and supplementing them with extensive primary research on how slavery functioned across Indian Territory, she integrates Indian country into the antebellum march toward the Civil War. Seeking Freedom in Indian Country joins a rising chorus of studies that integrate southern and western history, which, by default, also pulls together the history of the so-called Indian Wars with the Civil War. Dr. Oertel suggests that we cannot fully understand the causes of the Civil War without also considering the changes brought about by the forced removal of Indians. She argues that settler colonialism and the expansion of African chattel slavery together set the stage for sectional conflict to explode in the West. Ironically, both Indigenous resistance to settler colonialism and Black resistance to slavery challenged white supremacy in ways that foretold the end of slavery but also furthered the settler colonial project. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts.  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/american-studies

Pastor Andrew Schmidt continues part 2 of our series in the book of Acts called Worth the Resistance. This week, we take look at Acts 28:11-28 He is Worth the Resistance!

In Episode 5, Raph Sweetman, Dr. Teo, and Dr. Grimshaw have to handle an electrical issue at St. Iyengar's. Apparently, something's interfering with the generators and we've been informed: Mr. Shale is doing a ritual?! The Cast: Robbie Landis as Raph Sweetman: https://cloaksandcapesttrpg.com/home Insha Fitzpatrick as Dr. Louie Grimshaw: www.inshafitzpatrick.com Dragons as Dr. Erica Thomas: https://www.twitch.tv/iffounddeadplzrevivify Nandi Kayyy as Dr. Nyhira Jelani: https://linktr.ee/nandikayyy Mia as Dr. Teo: https://eotia.carrd.co/ Kira as Dr. Peter Biddle CONTENT WARNING: Memory loss, blackouts, gossip, cursing, discussion of healthcare/insurance, exes, smoking, and electrocution. Note: 95% of medical maladies featured are fictional and made-up. If we've missed anything, please let us know. Music by Epidemic Sound Use our Link to check out Epidemic Sound for all your music and sound effect needs. Gang, this has changed the game for us!  Epidemic Sound Link And remember to give us 5 Stars ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️ AND a positive review! This helps us so much, so tell your friends!  Subscribe to our YouTube to see the podcast! And other content! --------------------------- And CLICK HERE to find links to our Discord, YouTube, Twitch, TikTok, Instagram, and more! Email us at Soyouwannabeadm@gmail.com WE HAVE MERCH! Click the link above!

Dr. Kristen Tegtmeier Oertel's Seeking Freedom in Indian Country: Slavery, Sovereignty, and Resistance within the Five Tribes, 1790–1861 (LSU Press, 2026) is the first comprehensive study of African chattel slavery within the Five Tribes: the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee (Creek), and Seminole Nations. Dr. Oertel examines how chattel slavery functioned among all Five Tribes before and during the removal process, how the tribes reconstituted slavery post-removal in Indian Territory, and how enslaved Black people promoted freedom-seeking strategies at each stage. Furthermore, her work considers how the conflict over slavery in Indian Territory contributed to the larger national debate over slavery's fate on the eve of the Civil War. Historians have examined how the practice of African enslavement emerged within one or two tribes, how forced migration affected slavery within particular nations, and how the debate over slavery divided multiple Indigenous nations. Dr. Oertel, however, is the first to examine Indian Territory as a whole, its significance to the sectional debates, and its role as an incubator of emancipation policies in the United States. Knitting together these individual tribal narratives and supplementing them with extensive primary research on how slavery functioned across Indian Territory, she integrates Indian country into the antebellum march toward the Civil War. Seeking Freedom in Indian Country joins a rising chorus of studies that integrate southern and western history, which, by default, also pulls together the history of the so-called Indian Wars with the Civil War. Dr. Oertel suggests that we cannot fully understand the causes of the Civil War without also considering the changes brought about by the forced removal of Indians. She argues that settler colonialism and the expansion of African chattel slavery together set the stage for sectional conflict to explode in the West. Ironically, both Indigenous resistance to settler colonialism and Black resistance to slavery challenged white supremacy in ways that foretold the end of slavery but also furthered the settler colonial project. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts.  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/american-south

Pastor JD provides 5-reasons that explain but not excuse why it is that we're met with such increasing combative and argumentative resistance when we dare to speak the truth in love.Social MediaApple App Store: https://subsplash.com/calvarychapelkaneohe/appGoogle Play: https://subsplash.com/calvarychapelkaneohe/appAmazon Appstore: https://subsplash.com/calvarychapelkaneohe/appRoku Channel Store: https://subsplash.com/calvarychapelkaneohe/appProphecy Website: http://jdfarag.orgChurch Website: http://www.calvarychapelkaneohe.com/X: https://x.com/JDFaragFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/JDFarag/Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/JDFarag/

Have you ever felt like God gave you a dream, a calling, or a vision for your life… only to wonder why nothing seems to be happening? God doesn't simply fulfill dreams—He forms people. Before He entrusts us with the calling, He develops our identity and character. Pastor Connor Grim TEXT: Habakkuk 2:3; 1 Samuel 16:11–13, 1 Samuel 17:38–40, 1 Samuel 24:4–6 NOTES: In obscurity, you are not being forgotten—you are being formed. Resistance reveals and develops character. Big Idea- The time between God's promise and God's fulfillment is not wasted. God uses seasons of obscurity and resistance to shape your identity and character so you are prepared for the dream He has placed in your heart. ⸻ Stay Connected: Give: https://theecho.churchcenter.com/giving Online Service: Sundays 9 AM (YouTube & Facebook Live) Connect: https://theecho.churchcenter.com/people/forms/113001 Instagram: @wearetheechochurch #EchoChurch #ChristianSermon #FaithGrowth #BibleTeaching

68 MinutesPG-13Dr. Matthew Raphael Johnson is a researcher, writer, and former professor of history and political science, specializing in Russian history and political ideology.Pete and Dr. Johnson continue a reading and commentary of Ivan Ilyin's 1925 book, "On Resistance to Evil by Force."Tolstoy's "What is a Jew?"The Lies of Leftism: Ivan Ilyin, Atheism and the Death of Reason in the East and West by Dr. Matthew Raphael JohnsonDr Johnson's PatreonDr Johnson's CashApp - $Raphael71RusJournal.orgTHE ORTHODOX NATIONALISTDr. Johnson's Radio Albion PageDr. Johnson's Books on AmazonJohnson's Law in Action: Venezuela and the Foreign Policy of Mass PresumptionDr. Johnson's Pogroms ArticleThe Orthodox Nationalist: Karl Marx “On the Jewish Question” (1844)Article: Karl Marx's Theses on the Jews and the Necessity of Free Trade: Zur Judenfrage (1844) by Matthew Raphael JohnsonPete and Thomas777 'At the Movies'Support Pete on His WebsitePete's PatreonPete's SubstackPete's SubscribestarPete's GUMROADPete's VenmoPete's Buy Me a CoffeePete on FacebookPete on TwitterBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-pete-quinones-show--6071361/support.

Is Fantasticar Already Too Good for Legacy? | Episode 116Legacy has a brand-new engine card—and it's showing up everywhere.In Episode 116 of In Response – A Legacy Podcast, we take a deep dive into Fantasticar, the newest card that's rapidly reshaping the Legacy metagame.Unlike previous format-defining threats, Fantasticar isn't locked into a single archetype. Instead, it's powering multiple combo and tempo strategies, forcing players to rethink both deckbuilding and sideboarding.So the big question is:Is Fantasticar simply powerful... or already too powerful?In this episode we discuss:What Fantasticar actually doesWhy it has become one of the most played cards in LegacyWhich archetypes use it bestDoomsday and FantasticarBlue-Black Fantasticar shellsTES and other Storm strategiesWhich decks are the biggest losersHow to beat FantasticarStifle, Sphere of Resistance and other answersIs Legacy becoming too fast again?Should Wizards consider action?Early Hobbit spoilers, including Bilbo and other cards that could impact LegacyOne of the biggest discussions in Legacy today isn't about a single deck.It's about a single card that suddenly appears across the entire format.Is this healthy diversity—or the beginning of another format-defining engine?Let us know what you think in the comments.

FIFA says it will not proceed with its proposal to sell a piece of its business empire to outside investors after the project was met with fierce resistance from some of its member associations.

Led by Jerry Sargeant Star Magic Healing isn't just energy work - it's a revolution in transformation. Jerry is a world-renowned healer, speaker, and bestselling author. His mission? To awaken your true power and elevate humanity through high-frequency healing. Jerry has helped thousands across 75+ countries achieve rapid shifts in mind, body, and soul. Now, it's your turn. Whether you want to heal yourself, others, or expand your consciousness, Star Magic gives you the tools to unlock limitless potential. Through hands-on and distance healing, DNA activation, and third-eye awakening, Jerry's training programs are designed for those ready to step into their authentic power and make a real impact. Are you ready to rise? The Star Magic Frequency is calling. Your journey starts now. If you're feeling called to ground your awareness, build real discernment, and embody leadership rather than outsource it, these pathways may support you: Facilitator Training Level 1: Learn the most powerful energy healing system on the planet. https://facilitatortrainingone.starmagichealing.org Infinity Membership: Daily practices, meditations, and stabilisation tools designed to bring higher awareness into the body, so you live a life of abundance and peace. https://infinitymembership.starmagichealing.org Remember: Awareness reveals the truth. Embodiment is what allows you to become it.

When no one seems to be listening, how far do you go to be heard? In December 2008, George W. Bush made a surprise visit to Baghdad for a press conference. And at the very end of his remarks, a shoe came flying past his head.  It was “the shoe heard around the world,” and countless jokes and memes ensued.  But in the pandemonium, many missed the story of the man at the center: Muntadhar Al-Zaidi, a weary journalist trying to get the world to see the Iraq War in a different light. Even fewer people know what happened to him after.  Nearly two decades later, Radiolab reporter Sarah Qari tracked Al-Zaidi down to learn the story of his life. What she found was a story about grief, anger, and the line where journalism ends and protest begins. Special thanks to Azmat Khan and Mustafa Salim. EPISODE CREDITS: Reported by - Sarah Qari, with help from Mariam Dwedar Translation by - Mais Al-Bayaa and Mariam Dwedar Produced by - Sarah Qari Sound design contributed by - Sarah Qari  Mixed by - Jeremy Bloom Fact-checking by - Emily Krieger and Heba ElorbanyLATERAL CUTS: If you liked this episode and want to hear more fascinating deep dives we've done on The War on Terror, check out our episode: 60 Words (https://radiolab.org/podcast/60-words), or our series The Other Latif (https://www.wnycstudios.org/podcasts/other-latif) EPISODE CITATIONS:Collaborator's Work -  Mariam Dwedar  Made in Palestine (https://zpr.io/JBAuqi5zyZMT) - a documentary short @mariamdwedar - Instagram handle Mais Al-Bayaa Iraq Uncovered (https://zpr.io/ebuUcjSFcUJp) - documentary Iraq's Secret Sex Trade (https://zpr.io/u9HnCWmnQggG) - documentary Go Back to Where You Came From (https://zpr.io/J8rxafGCCgUA) - documentary @maisalbayaa - Instagram Journal Articles _ The Art of Shoe-Throwing: Shoes as a Symbol of Protest and Popular Imagination (https://zpr.io/6gmuuavLWuHu),  by Yasmin Ibrahim Films -  The President's Cake (https://zpr.io/bjFeNa2qFYvD) - The story of life in Iraq under sanctions during the 1990s. Inspired by the shoe throw -  Photos of shoe protests around the world (https://zpr.io/QsMGyWeK8MRR) This music video (https://zpr.io/Xi5XhHYmWFHv) This Halloween costume (https://zpr.io/fH97iB4fjL9U) This play (https://zpr.io/Naj7vWaYfzpv) If you want more fun facts that didn't make it into the story, follow Sarah at @bysarahqari on Instagram, where she'll be sharing more in the coming weeks. Sign up for our newsletter!! It includes short essays, recommendations, and details about other ways to interact with the show. Signup (https://radiolab.org/newsletter)! Radiolab is supported by listeners like you. Support Radiolab by becoming a member of The Lab (https://members.radiolab.org/) today. Follow our show on Instagram, Twitter and Facebook @radiolab, and share your thoughts with us by emailing radiolab@wnyc.org.Leadership support for Radiolab's science programming is provided by the Simons Foundation and the John Templeton Foundation. Foundational support for Radiolab was provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

The new novel Star Wars: Legacy gives us an idea of what we can expect from Master Rey Skywalker once Daisy Ridley makes her return in upcoming Star Wars movies. Is Rey planning to throw away the strict rules of the old Jedi Order? It seems so! What will that mean for the future of Jedi storytelling? Let the speculation begin! Plus a round of our segment One With the Force, and your live Star Wars questions! If you like having a great time talking Star Wars, you've found your home, because if you're listening or watching this broadcast, you are part of The Resistance! Thank you for supporting our Star Wars podcast!

This is a bonus episode. Back on Juneteenth, we shared Episode 1 of Angela Glover Blackwell's Reimagining Democracy for a Good Life. Last Wednesday, you heard our full conversation with Angela. Today, we're closing that loop with Chapter 6, the final episode of Season 1: Hope Is a Discipline. Angela and choreographer Ana Maria Alvarez explore how art moves a place, and a country, from resistance to creation, with stops along the way for joy, honest pushback on whether LA is really "the model," and a reminder from Mariame Kaba that hope has to be practiced, not just felt. Season 2, focused on Georgia, is out now. Reimagining Democracy for a Good Life is a podcast created by PolicyLink in partnership with Pineapple Street Studios. Chapter Markers 00:00 — Cold open: Charles White's mural and Angela's reflection on Black artists in the fight for democracy 03:32 — Show intro: welcome to Chapter 6, Hope Is a Discipline 07:17 — Ana Maria Alvarez on Contra-Tiempo Activist Dance Theater and art as resistance 09:15 — Intergenerational organizing: Ana Maria's parents and the village that built PolicyLink 10:33 — Resistance as a healthy democratic practice, the salsa metaphor 12:53 — Joy as fuel for the movement, adrienne maree brown and Pleasure Activism 15:25 — Is LA the model? Denise Fairchild's honest pushback 16:31 — Manuel Pastor: "a thing of beauty with our friends" 17:35 — Anthony Thigpen: standing at the brink 18:30 — 2024, the biggest global election year in history 21:00 — Hope is a discipline, the Mariame Kaba idea 22:07 — Justin Jones and Justin Pearson: expelled, reinstated, undeterred 23:17 — Fight for 15, ROC United, and the New Georgia Project with Nse Ufot 25:58 — Closing reflection and Shanaka Hodge's poem 27:22 — Angela's closing charge, credits, and a call to vote Resources & Links Follow Reimagining Democracy for a Good Life: wherever you listen to podcasts! Season 2: Georgia is available now: https://www.policylink.org/resources/podcasts Learn more about PolicyLink: https://www.policylink.org/ Listen to our full interview with Angela Glover Blackwell (Episode 294): https://caremorebebetter.com/reimagining-democracy-with-angela-glover-blackwell/ Revisit our Juneteenth share of Episode 1: Los Angeles: https://caremorebebetter.com/juneteenth-feature-angela-glover-blackwells-reimagining-democracy-for-a-good-life-episode-1-los-angeles/ Questions or reflections? Email hello@caremorebebetter.com Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Wanted war criminal, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, meets Trump at the White House and protest erupts on the streets of DC. And Professor Gerald Horne weighs in on the latest in the unprovoked war on Iran by Isarel and the U.S.  Plus headlines on ICE terror, voting rights, Nolan Wells death, DoorDash boycott in DC, and a labor roundup. The show is made possible only by our volunteer energy, our resolve to keep the people's voices on the air, and by support from our listeners. In this new era of fake corporate news, we have to be and support our own media! Please click here or click on the Support-Donate tab on this website to subscribe for as little as $3 a month. We are so grateful for this small but growing amount of monthly crowdsource funding on Patreon. PATREON NOW HAS A ONE-TIME, ANNUAL DONATION FUNCTION! You can also give a one-time or recurring donation on PayPal. Thank you! On the Ground: Voices of Resistance from the Nation’s Capital gives a voice to the voiceless 99 percent at the heart of American empire. The award-winning, weekly hour, produced and hosted by Esther Iverem, covers social justice activism about local, national and international issues, with a special emphasis on militarization and war, the police state, the corporate state, environmental justice and the left edge of culture and media. The show is heard on three dozen stations across the United States, on podcast, and is archived on the world wide web at https://onthegroundshow.org/ Please support us on Patreon or Paypal. Links for all ways to support are on our website or at Esther Iverem's Linktree: https://linktr.ee/esther_iverem 

Sophia Smith Galer, UK-based journalist and the author of How to Kill a Language: Power, Resistance, and the Race to Save Our Words (Crown, 2026), talks about what's lost when a language dies. Photo: A person leads a finger on the lines in the book, but instead of letters only question marks on the page in the textbook.   Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

You might think the win on a GLP-1 like Ozempic or Mounjaro is the number dropping on your scale, but I need you to ask a better question, not how much you're losing, but what kind. In some studies, 40 to 60% of the weight people lost on these drugs came from lean muscle, not fat, and that's a metabolic loss that costs you your strength and your ability to keep the weight off. These are the most powerful fat-loss tools we've ever had, but a tool without a protocol is just potential. Hit your protein and lift, or you're trading muscle for a number you'll spend years trying to earn back. CLICK HERE TO BECOME GARYS VIP!: https://bit.ly/4ai0Xwg Thank you to our partners A-GAME: “ULTIMATE15” FOR 15% OFF: http://bit.ly/4kek1ij AION: “ULTIMATE10” FOR 10% OFF: https://bit.ly/4h6KHAD AIRES: "ULTIMATE20 " FOR 20% OFF: https://bit.ly/4a3Duze BAJA GOLD: "ULTIMATE10" FOR 10% OFF: https://bit.ly/3WSBqUa BODYHEALTH: “ULTIMATE20” FOR 20% OFF: http://bit.ly/4e5IjsV COLD LIFE: THE ULTIMATE HUMAN PLUNGE: https://bit.ly/4eULUKpCYMBIOTIKA: "BRECKACYM30" FOR 30% OFF: https://bit.ly/4tjyluP GENETIC METHYLATION TEST (UK ONLY): https://bit.ly/48QJJrk GENETIC TEST (USA ONLY): ⁠https://bit.ly/3Yg1Uk9 GOPUFF: GET YOUR FAVORITE SNACK!: https://bit.ly/4obIFDC H2TABS: “ULTIMATE10” FOR 10% OFF: https://bit.ly/4hMNdgg HEALF: 10% OFF YOUR ORDER: https://bit.ly/41HJg6S PEPTUAL: “TUH10” FOR 10% OFF: https://bit.ly/4mKxgcn SNOOZE: LET'S GET TO SLEEP!: https://bit.ly/4pt1T6V WHOOP: JOIN & GET 1 FREE MONTH!: https://bit.ly/3VQ0nzW Watch  the “Ultimate Human Podcast” every Tuesday & Thursday at 9AM EST: YouTube: https://bit.ly/3RPQYX8 Podcasts: https://bit.ly/3RQftU0 Connect with Gary Brecka Instagram: https://bit.ly/3RPpnFs TikTok: https://bit.ly/4coJ8fo X: https://bit.ly/3Opc8tf Facebook: https://bit.ly/464VA1H LinkedIn: https://bit.ly/4hH7Ri2 Website: https://bit.ly/4eLDbdU Merch: https://bit.ly/4aBpOM1 Newsletter: https://bit.ly/47ejrws Ask Gary: https://bit.ly/3PEAJuG Timestamps 00:00 - Intro of Show 00:22 - Weight loss vs fat loss 00:38 - What GLP-1 does in the body 01:02 - Semaglutide: the first generation 01:28 - Tirzepatide and the dual agonist 01:45 - Retatrutide and 24.2% body weight loss 02:20 - Why each added receptor works 02:38 - The hidden cost: protecting lean muscle 03:05 - 60% of weight loss from muscle 03:35 - The two-part fix: protein and training 04:05 - Protein targets and leucine-rich sources 04:30 - Resistance training and compound lifts 05:00 - Use the medication, do the work Disclaimer: This podcast is for informational purposes only and does not provide medical advice. It is not intended for diagnosing or treating any health condition. Always consult a licensed healthcare professional before making health or wellness decisions.  Gary Brecka is the owner of Ultimate Human, LLC which operates The Ultimate Human podcast and promotes certain third-party products used by Gary Brecka in his personal health and wellness protocols and daily life and for which Ultimate Human LLC and / or Gary Brecka directly or indirectly holds an economic interest or receives compensation.  Accordingly, statements made by Gary Brecka and others (including on The Ultimate Human podcast) may be considered promotional in nature. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode, Brooke Thomas shares a deeply personal journey of overcoming fear and intimidation to boldly step into her calling. She unpacks the spiritual warfare that aims to silence female voices, especially those called to make an impact. Through honest stories of public humiliation, vulnerability, and resilience, Brooke emphasizes the importance of speaking truth, trusting God, and pressing forward despite setbacks. Listeners will discover the freedom that comes from embracing imperfections, the power of community, and the confidence found in living out loud for an audience of One. Filled with encouragement and faith-driven wisdom, this episode is a reminder that your voice matters and was created for such a time as this.   Key Moments & Timestamps 00:03 – Facing Intimidation: Brooke discusses fear and the spirit of intimidation that tries to silence our voices. 00:46 – Overcoming Stage Fright: Brooke shares her personal journey of shaking and crying while speaking in public. 01:25 – The Devil's Tactics: Brooke explains how the enemy tries to shut down your voice and calling. 02:27 – Building Confidence: Brooke emphasizes the importance of repetition, speaking truth, worship, and trust in God to grow confident. 05:03 – Embracing Imperfection: Brooke recounts a humorous live TV mishap and the value of laughing at yourself. 07:50 – Encouragement to Speak Boldly: Brooke encourages listeners to speak confidently and trust that people want to hear their story.   Resources: Building at a high level but craving deeper alignment? The Elite Mastermind is a 12-month, faith-fueled business mastermind for high-achieving women who refuse to choose between business excellence and their faith. Join Kingdom-minded leaders for luxury in-person retreats, monthly coaching with Brooke Thomas, and a powerful network that will expand your vision, revenue, and impact. When you lead with God as your CEO, anything is possible.  Apply at https://brookethomas.com/mastermind/    Feel Like Yourself Again, From The Inside Out If you've been navigating low energy, hormone shifts, or feeling off in your body, this is the wellness stack Brooke personally uses and recommends. Designed to support inflammation, hormones, energy, and overall vitality, this is what helped her feel strong, clear, and aligned again. Explore the stack at https://brookethomas.com/stack    Find Your People. Build With Purpose.  Activate Your Impact is where faith-driven women stop building alone and start building together. Access monthly teaching, live coaching, and a network of women who are moving in the same direction you are. This is what keeps you plugged in, growing, and activated between the big moments. Join today at https://brookethomas.com/activate    Activate Your Impact! There's a version of you God is waiting to activate. This book will show you how to step boldly into your calling with unshakable faith and build a life and business that honors Him.  Get your copy and special bonuses at https://brookethomas.com/book 

Hard becomes easy and easy becomes hard.What I mean by this is that by choosing hard projects and hard books to read and hard workouts to do and hard ambitions to pursue, the struggle will make you stronger, braver and better……which eventually makes for a happier, healthier and easier life.And in choosing a life of pleasure, trivial pursuits and lightness in all cases, the pain of your potential unrealized creates deep and lasting hardship.So when faced with a choice, I gently encourage you to always select the path of most resistance. It'll make you great.My latest book “The Wealth Money Can't Buy” is full of fresh ideas and original tools that I'm absolutely certain will cause quantum leaps in your positivity, productivity, wellness, and happiness. You can order it now by clicking here.FOLLOW ROBIN SHARMA:InstagramFacebookYouTube

In this episode, Leonie and I explore: How systems of oppression show up in the everyday spaces we work and live in, and what it takes to name them honestly Identity and the dominant culture — what gets placed on us as Black and Brown people, and the ongoing work of pushing back and reclaiming our own sense of self Psychological safety as a precondition for trust — not a nice-to-have, but the ground everything else is built on Liberation and justice as ongoing practices we return to, rather than destinations we arrive at Trust as something built in relationship, tested in conflict, and repaired through honesty Nonviolent Communication as a path to learning more about the self, not only a communication skill Curiosity and compassion as the roots of meaningful connection — and why that matters more than arriving anywhere Where our two practices — trauma-informed lawyering and NVC — meet, and where they push each other further Leonie Smith is a first-generation Canadian of Jamaican heritage and a certified Nonviolent Communication trainer through the Center for Nonviolent Communication (CNVC). She's the founder of three organizations: The Thoughtful Workplace, a coaching and consultancy practice building people-centred work cultures; People of Colour for Nonviolent Communication (POC4NVC), a network for Black, Indigenous, and People of Colour connected to principles of nonviolence; and Necessary Trouble Collective (NTC), which supports movement and activist communities in finding harmonious, sustainable ways of working toward shared purpose. With over two decades of senior management experience across communications, fundraising, and human resources in the nonprofit sector, Leonie brings a deep, practiced understanding of how systems either support or undermine the people inside them. Connect with Leonie: Website: leoniesmith.ca The Thoughtful Workplace People of Colour for Nonviolent Communication (POC4NVC) Necessary Trouble Collective (NTC) You can also view her talk in our video library from our 2026 JAT Summit titled, Speaking Hope: A NVC Approach: https://myrnamccallum.ca/video-library/  You can learn more about Myrna and her work at: www.myrnamccallum.ca

Roses have a reputation for being high-maintenance, but the best rose breeders are chasing a different future: roses that bloom for months, shrug off disease, and succeed for everyday gardeners. We sit down with Dr. David Zlesak, a master rosarian and rose breeder, to unpack how roses went from ancient treasures traded across regions to the modern plants you see at big box stores and independent nurseries.We dig into the deep history of cultivated roses, including how genetics is rewriting origin stories and how repeat-bloom traits from historic Chinese roses helped shape today's garden varieties. Then we zoom into what buyers want now, from cut-rose goals like longer shelf life, fewer thorns, and more fragrance, to shifting tastes in flower form influenced by everything from rose shows to English-style, old-fashioned blooms.The conversation turns practical and science-forward: black spot disease resistance, why multiple races make durability hard, and how stacking resistance genes and developing useful genetic markers can speed up breeding progress. We also explore environmental stress, including heat tolerance and winter hardiness, and how the American Rose Trials for Sustainability (ARTS) tests roses regionally to identify truly tough, low-input performers. Finally, David shares how the rose business has changed, why Knock Out roses reset the market's expectations, and the career mindset that keeps him moving: ask what if, focus on market-limiting traits, and build a community of collaborators.If you love gardening, plant breeding, or sustainable horticulture, subscribe for more conversations like this, share the episode with a fellow rose grower, and leave a review so more listeners can find Plants, People, Science.Read more from David Zlesak  - Plant Science Students' Thinking Styles and Multiple Intelligences Based on Major, Gender, and CourseThe Effects of Short-term Drying on Seed Germination in RosaNorthern Accents® ‘Lena', ‘Ole', ‘Sigrid', and ‘Sven': Four Cold-hardy Polyantha Rose Cultivars from the University of Minnesota Woody Landscape Plant Breeding ProgramSend us Fan MailLearn more about the American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS) at  https://ashs.org/.HortTechnology, HortScience and the Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science are all open-access and peer-reviewed journals, published by the American Society of Horticultural Science (ASHS). Find them at journals.ashs.org.Consider becoming an ASHS member at https://ashs.org/page/Becomeamember!You can also find the official webpage for Plants, People, Science at ashs.org/plantspeoplesciencepodcast, and we encourage you to send us feedback or suggestions at https://ashs.org/webinarpodcastsuggestion. Podcast transcripts are available at https://plantspeoplescience.buzzsprout.com.On LinkedIn find Sam Humphrey at linkedin.com/in/samson-humphrey. Curt Rom is at https://www.linkedin.com/in/curt-rom-611085134/. Lena Wilson is at https://www.linkedin.com/in/lena-wilson-2531a5141/.Thank you for listening!...

Episode 4.03 ("250, 260—Whatever Works!"). Written by Lori Furth, Lyssa Graham, Dale Leopold, Wren Leopold and Jack Mooney.  (Double published to My Friend Lyssa and BS de Resistance)  To mark the nation's Semi-Quincentennial, we've assembled the mighty Suffolk & Goode Players to serve up a Buc-ees-sized portion of comedy. NPR confronts its toughest challenge—producer Bari Weiss; we learn of a heart-breaking new affliction—Hereditary VO; the plucky Doyle Sisters try to solve a newsworthy crime; and the Broligarchs of AI insinuate themselves into schools, gaming, and meal delivery. And there's a song!    Featuring the vocal talents of the Suffolk & Goode Players:   Rebecca Davis (Herself, Bari Weiss, Annie Doyle, Deepfake Woman 2)  Dustin Ebaugh (Jay, Baby, Dog, Ron DeSantis, Techbro Joe, Elon Musk)  Lori Furth (Herself, Mary Louise Kelly, Mrs. Porter, Deepfake Woman 1)  Lyssa Graham (Herself, VO Mom, Louise, Librarian, Deepfake Woman 3, Bezos Woman)  Dale Leopold (Himself, Announcer, Robert Siegel, VO Dad, Doyle Announcer, Techbro Mike)  Wren Leopold (Themselves, VO Daughter, Patty Doyle)  Chris Mezzolesta (Jethro DotConnector, Parrot, Sgt. McCord, Ellem, Techbro Tony, himself)  Karyn O'Bryant (New Mom, Mrs. Morris)   Jake Reynolds (Himself) and  George Washington III (Dr. Ibrahim X. Kendi, 60 Seconds Announcer, Doctor, Mr. Lansing, Miss Deepfake Announcer, Techbro Rex, Bezos Announcer)    Original Music composed, performed and produced by Chris Mezzolesta. The song, "Repercussions," was written by Lori Furth and Chris Mezzolesta and was arranged and performed by Chris Mezzolesta.  Editing, sound design and audio production by Dale Leopold  Artwork by Richard McMurry 

New project could help identify genetic traits for healthier commercial flocks

Watch the video version on YouTube: https://youtu.be/HHWS6KTKcTU Keith and Jodi interview Meier Galblum Haigh, Executive Director of Disability Culture Lab, about the summer streetwear collection "We're Still Here: Fashion Against Fascism," shaped by conversations with more than 40 disabled people and a North Star visioning process exploring what "winning" and liberation look like. Meier explains Disability Culture Lab's mission to build disabled-led communications infrastructure because "bad stories lead to bad policy," and describes themes behind the collection—interdependence and care, disabled leadership and power, disabled joy, and the harms of oppressive systems—along with tensions around non-disabled parents driving harmful narratives. The Deep Cut segment reviews Netflix's "All the Light We Cannot See" through a disability lens, discussing authentic casting of blind/low-vision actors, shortcomings in character depth and historical context of Nazi violence against disabled people, the value of audio description, and the need for agency, complexity, access, and disabled involvement behind the camera. Disability Culture Lab Website: https://www.disabilityculturelab.org/ Instagram: https://instagram.com/disabilityculturelab BlueSky: https://bsky.app/profile/disabilitylab.bsky.social Store: https://shop.disabilityculturelab.org/

Talking to Historian Sophie Poldermans and members of the Bonner County Human Rights Task Force about an upcoming presentation on women in the dutch resistance during World War Two. The post July 30, 2026: BCHRTF & Historian of Resistance appeared first on KRFY Radio.

66 MinutesPG-13Dr. Matthew Raphael Johnson is a researcher, writer, and former professor of history and political science, specializing in Russian history and political ideology.Pete and Dr. Johnson continue a reading and commentary of Ivan Ilyin's 1925 book, "On Resistance to Evil by Force."Tolstoy's "What is a Jew?"The Lies of Leftism: Ivan Ilyin, Atheism and the Death of Reason in the East and West by Dr. Matthew Raphael JohnsonDr Johnson's PatreonDr Johnson's CashApp - $Raphael71RusJournal.orgTHE ORTHODOX NATIONALISTDr. Johnson's Radio Albion PageDr. Johnson's Books on AmazonJohnson's Law in Action: Venezuela and the Foreign Policy of Mass PresumptionDr. Johnson's Pogroms ArticleThe Orthodox Nationalist: Karl Marx “On the Jewish Question” (1844)Article: Karl Marx's Theses on the Jews and the Necessity of Free Trade: Zur Judenfrage (1844) by Matthew Raphael JohnsonPete and Thomas777 'At the Movies'Support Pete on His WebsitePete's PatreonPete's SubstackPete's SubscribestarPete's GUMROADPete's VenmoPete's Buy Me a CoffeePete on FacebookPete on TwitterBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-pete-quinones-show--6071361/support.

Mark Edge welcomes Light, a Bitcoin veteran since 2011, researcher, co-founder of Bitseed, and current team member at Alpen Labs, for a wide ranging conversation about the history of Bitcoin, where it stands today, and where it might be headed. They cover the block size debate, SegWit, the Lightning Network, self custody, zero knowledge proofs, and why Light believes the onus is on Bitcoin developers to make Bitcoin the best tool for the job rather than shaming people for using alternatives. Mark also shares the story of Free Talk Live being the first media outlet in the world to discuss Bitcoin, his early meeting with Gavin Andresen, and why he remains hopeful about Bitcoin despite its limitations. The conversation also turns to living free in the real world, why New Hampshire consistently ranks number one for freedom in the fifty states, what it actually feels like to move there from California, the Free State Project, and a candid discussion about polyamory. Find Light online at LightCo.in and on X at LightCoin Follow Mark at x.com/MarkEdgeShow This episode is brought to you by SALT Lending, where you can access the value of your cryptocurrency without selling it. For more information email Mark at SALT@MarkEdge.org #MarkEdgeShow #MarkEdge #MarkEdgington #FreeTalkLive #Bitcoin #LightningNetwork #ZeroKnowledge #FreeStateProject #NewHampshire #Crypto #Polyamory

The goals that matter to us most are so often the ones we resist the hardest. Maybe you can relate? You set a goal that genuinely excites you. Then somehow… you struggle to get started. This could be finishing music, reaching out to labels, starting your long overdue social media account… In this episode of the Finish More Music Podcast, we dig into why resistance surfaces, and a powerful shift in strategy and thinking that beats it, every single day. There's a way to set ambitious goals AND enjoy the daily climb toward them. And this is more than a hunch — it's backed by Harvard research. In this episode we explore: Why the goals that matter most trigger the most resistance How "just break it into steps" can set you up to feel worse How to dial down resistance and anxiety to make taking action easy Why this works on a huge life goal and getting through a challenging day alik So it's a choice: keep white-knuckling your way toward goals… Or learn how to enjoy the journey, and watch the results take care of themselves. If that's the way you'd rather be, this episode is for you. I really appreciate you joining me and I hope you're enjoying the topics and taking some real value into your music sessions. If this episode resonated with you and you feel it will have a positive impact on the people you know, please share it by using the social media buttons you see at the bottom of this page. To make sure you are always the first to know when a new episode lands: Subscribe here: https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/the-finish-more-music-podcast/id1461659936  One of the things that help people decide if a podcast is for them, is the review section. If you're enjoying the episodes and feel they will add value for other music producers, please leave a 60 second review and rating. Thank you

You don't need a fancy gym to build stronger bones. Learn how to create a simple home osteoporosis gym with the right equipment, exercises, and strength-training strategies to support balance, posture, and fracture prevention. In this episode, I'm sharing a special interview and exercise demonstration from Joan Pagano, a renowned fitness expert and certified exercise physiologist specializing in women's health and active aging. She is also a best-selling author and has written seven books on the benefits of strength training across the decades.  Joan walks us through setting up your own home osteoporosis gym, including the equipment, exercises, and foundational movements to help strengthen the most vulnerable fracture sites: the hips, spine, and wrists. Building stronger bones doesn't require a complicated routine or an expensive gym membership. With the right exercises, proper alignment, and consistent strength training, you can improve your balance, maintain independence, and give your bones the support they need at any stage of life.   "When you do a strength training exercise for your muscles, you're also doing it for your bones." ~ Joan Pagano   In this episode: - [02:04] - Resistance training and how it helps the bones - [08:05] - At-home vs. gym-based training  - [11:02] - Essential exercises for hip, spine, and wrist strength - [17:56] - Choosing the right weights for bone health - [21:26] - Resistance bands for posture and shoulder strength - [23:04] - Strengthening the back, spine, and upper body - [27:47] - Loop bands for hip stability and balance - [32:39] - Using resistance bands for leg exercises -  [35:50] - Weighted balls and compound exercises - [39:04] - Working safely with trainers and physical therapists   Resources - Get quality supplements from Margie's Fullscript Dispensary - https://tinyurl.com/supplementsforless - Joan's Strength Training for Osteoporosis (Foundational Series): 4-Session On-Demand Class (Replay) - https://happyboneshappylife.com/strength-training-for-osteoporosis-4-week-class-replay - Joan's MORE Strength Training for Osteoporosis (Follow-up Series): 4-Session On-Demand Class (Replay) - https://happyboneshappylife.com/strength-training-for-osteoporosis-new-4-week-class - Joan's Step Training for Agility, Balance, and Bone Strength: On-Demand Class - https://happyboneshappylife.com/step-training-for-agility-balance-and-bone-strength-on-demand - Fabric resistance bands Joan recommends on Amazon -https://amzn.to/3tVuKtZ   More about Margie - Website - https://margiebissinger.com/  - Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/p/Margie-Bissinger-MS-PT-CHC-100063542905332/  - Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/margiebissinger/?hl=en    DISCLAIMER – The information presented on this podcast should not be construed as medical advice. It is not intended to replace consultation with your physician or healthcare provider. The ideas shared on this podcast are the expressed opinions of the guests and do not always reflect those of Margie Bissinger and Happy Bones, Happy Life Podcast. *In compliance with the FTC guidelines, please assume the following about links on this site: Some of the links going to products are affiliate links of which I receive a small commission from sales of certain items, but the price is the same for you (sometimes, I even get to share a unique discount with you). If I post an affiliate link to a product, it is something that I personally use, support, and would recommend. I personally vet each and every product. My first priority is providing valuable information and resources to help you create positive changes in your health and bring more happiness into your life. I will only ever link to products or resources (affiliate or otherwise) that fit within this purpose.

In this episode, I sit down with Michael Lopez, a Fortune 500 transformation consultant and author of “Change,” to break down why stress and resistance can be biological signs that change is working and why leaders often abandon transformation too early. We unpack Michael's national workforce study, Rethinking Change Management, which surveyed 1,000 U.S. employees and found “zero overlap” between the top five change supports companies provide (like emails, newsletters, and training) and the top five things employees say they actually need (time and space to experiment, coaching, permission to fail, and leaders modeling change). We also discuss the AI readiness gap—65% of executives feeling ready versus about 29% of employees—and how “licenses without direction” leads to passive resistance and stalled pilots. Michael shares what real change requires: honest expectations, redesigned incentives, and an 18–24 month adaptation journey.01:12 Stress Means Progress03:29 Diagnosing Change Problems05:22 Nuclear Plant Case Study07:32 Why Playbooks Fail09:58 The Easy Button Trap12:23 Pricing Change Work16:42 Zero Overlap Finding19:37 AI Readiness Gap22:40 Redesigning Change StrategyConnect with Michael: • www.michaeljlopez.coach, IG - @michaeljlopez9, LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-j-lopez9/ , X - @MichaelJLopez9Connect with Raul: • Work with Raul: https://dogoodwork.io/apply • Free Growth Resources: https://dogoodwork.io/free-growth-resources• Connect with Raul on LinkedIn (DMs open): https://www.linkedin.com/in/dogoodwork/ 

The Resistance arrives at Takodana in their X-Wings to battle the First Order and Finn takes up the Skywalker lightsaber in this segment from The Force Awakens.   Dan Zehr, Star Wars author and host of Coffee with Kenobi joins us for this episode.   This episode covers the portion of The Force Awakens that runs from 1:11:06 to 1:22:10.   In this episode of Podcast Stardust, we discuss: Dan's memories seeing The Force Awakens and favorite moments, Rey's flight from the palace, Maz Kanata passing on the Skywalker lightsaber to Finn, Finn's fight with the riot trooper, The arrival of the Resistance to confront the First Order on Takodana, Rey's confrontation with Kylo Ren, Princess Leia's arrival on Takodana and reunion with Han Solo, and The Resistance return to D'Qar. For more discussion of The Force Awakens, check out episode 1046.   Thanks for joining us for another episode and our brand of Star Wars discussion! Subscribe to Podcast Stardust for all your Star Wars news, reviews, and discussion wherever you get your podcasts. And please leave us a five star review on Apple Podcasts.   Find Jay and her cosplay adventures on J.Snips Cosplay on Instagram.   Follow us on social media: Twitter | Facebook | Instagram | Pinterest | YouTube. T-shirts, hoodies, stickers, masks, and posters are available on TeePublic. Find all episodes on RetroZap.com.

When the 7.8 magnitude earthquake tore through southeastern Turkey in 2023, the government posted that it would provide translation support in seven languages: Turkish, Arabic, Persian, English, Russian, German, and Pashto. Kurdish, spoken by fifteen million people in the affected region, was not on the list. Elderly Kurdish speakers cried out for help in their mother tongue and could not be understood. Women were afraid to speak Kurdish for fear of not being rescued. Two days later, the government shut down Twitter entirely. A Kurdish educator named Zara Mohammadi had already been jailed for ten years in Iran for the crime of teaching Kurdish to village children for free. Turkey had banned the letters q, w, and x for eighty-five years because they appeared in the Kurdish alphabet and not in Turkish. Today's guest is Sophia Smith Galer, author of *How to Kill a Language: Power, Resistance, and the Race to Save Our Words*. We discuss how up to half of the world's 7,000 languages will disappear within the next century, and why this isn't natural attrition but the result of ten distinct weapons of linguicide that Smith Galer traces across the globe. We look at how the United States spent $180 million on revitalization since 2005, and how Ladino songs written inside Auschwitz document a language shift happening in real time, and why Smith Galer describes her own journey with her grandmother's dying language from the Italian Apennines as "palliative care."See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Listen to the rest of this premium episode by subscribing at patreon.com/knowyourenemy. Matt and Sam are joined by their great friend Dorothy Fortenberry to discuss the debacle of Graham Platner: the Maine Democratic Senate nominee who was forced to drop out amid allegations of rape. We compare notes about our evolving estimations of Platner, his appeal, and his scandals; uncover the gendered fantasies involved in his rise and fall; and game out what lessons can be learned from this experience — for the left and for the Democratic Party. Dorothy is an essayist, playwright, and TV writer/producer, including four seasons on “The Handmaid's Tale.” In previous appearances, she's discussed #Resistance moms, art and climate change, and Trump's women-hating cabinet. A new show she worked on, “Nocturne,” is coming out on Apple TV in October. This episode was edited and produced by Colin Wambsgans (Jesse is on vacation). Further reading: Jessica Piper & Adam Wren, "Woman who dated Graham Platner says he sexually assaulted her," Politico, July 6, 2026. Katie Gluck & Lisa Lerer, "Several Women Who Dated Graham Platner Recall 'Unsettling' Behavior," NYTimes, June 4, 2026. Lisa Lerer, Katie Gluck, & Michael Kruse, "‘A Slow-Rolling Disaster': Inside the Implosion of the Platner Campaign," NYTimes, Jul 8, 2026. Will Steakin & Chris Sommerfeldt, "‘Professional malpractice': The Platner fallout engulfs the operatives who made him," Politico, July 7, 2026. Dorothy Fortenberry, "Can't Fight This Feeling Anymore," Commonweal, Nov 5, 2020. — "One of Those Serious Women," Commonweal, Apr 29, 2019. Moira Donegan, "Why was the pundit class so quick do defend Graham Platner," The Guardian, Jul 10, 2026. Rebecca Traister, "What Women Saw in Graham Platner," New York Magazine, July 9, 2026.

107 MinutesSafe for WorkGeorge Bagby is a content creator and publisher of long-forgotten books. George joined Pete to give an overview of the conditions of Reconstruction in the South and one group that rose up to fight it.George's Twitter AccountGeorge's Pinned Tweet w/ Links George's YouTube ChannelPete and Thomas777 'At the Movies'Support Pete on His WebsitePete's PatreonPete's SubstackPete's SubscribestarPete's GUMROADPete's VenmoPete's Buy Me a CoffeePete on FacebookPete on TwitterBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-pete-quinones-show--6071361/support.

What if the thing standing between you and the life you were meant to live… isn't your circumstances, your resources, or your talent — but one invisible enemy inside your own mind? My guest today spent thirty years broke, overlooked, and grinding before the world ever heard his name. He drove trucks. He tended bars. He wrote scripts nobody bought. And then he sat down and wrote a book that redefined how artists, athletes, and entrepreneurs think about their own psychology. Steven Pressfield has one name for what's stopping you — and once he tells you what it is, you will never unsee it. Stay with us. This one is going to hit different. Follow Steven Pressfield:  Web / www.stevenpressfield.com IG / @steven_pressfield Facebook / https://www.facebook.com/StevePressfield     Follow Dr. JC Doornick and the Makes Sense Academy:► Makes Sense Substack - https://drjcdoornick.substack.com ► Instagram: / drjcdoornick ► Substack: / drjcdoornick ►Facebook:  / makessensepodcast ►YouTube:  / drjcdoornick     MAKES SENSE PODCAST Welcome to the Makes Sense with Dr. JC Doornick Podcast. This podcast explores topics that expand human consciousness and enhance performance. On the Makes Sense Podcast, we acknowledge that it's who you are that determines how well what you do works, and that perception is subjective and an acquired taste. When you change the way you look at things, the things you look at begin to change. Welcome to the uprising of the sleepwalking masses. Welcome to the Makes Sense with Dr. JC Doornick Podcast.   SUBSCRIBE/RATE/REVIEW & SHARE our new podcast. FOLLOW Podcast: You will find a "Follow" button in the top right. This will enable the podcast software to alert you when a new episode launches each week. Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/ca/podcast/makes-sense-with-dr-jc-doornick/id1730954168 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/1WHfKWDDReMtrGFz4kkZs9?si=003780ca147c4aec   Podcast Affiliates: Kwik Learning: Many people ask me where I get all these topics, which I've been covering for almost 15 years. I have learned to read nearly four times faster and retain information 10 times better with Kwik Learning. Learn how to learn and earn with Jim Kwik. Get his program at a special discount here: https://jimkwik.com/dragon OUR SPONSORS: Operly - Take Back Control of Your Work Day and Get Rid of All Your AI Apps - Welcome to the new world of Time Freedom and Unlimited Scaling and Success with Operly -  https://go.getoperly.ai/video?ref=jean-claude-claude-d-2a95 Blue Blinds Bakery - Handcrafted with all-natural ingredients - www.blueblindsbakery.com     0:00 - Intro: The Invisible Enemy / Resistance 1:40 - Steven Pressfield Today 4:57 - Before Success / Finding His Voice 7:02 - The Breakthrough Moment 9:01 - Calling and the Muse 11:08 - Resistance and the Arena 20:43 - The Wilderness / Hero's Journey 35:40 - Telemon, Arcadian, and the Fiction World 44:21 - What Humans Are Here to Do 47:47 - Legacy and Final Thoughts   Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

‍Welcome back to ADHD-ish! In this episode, host Diann Wingert closes out the five-part solo series, “Reframing ADHD Traits as Business Strategies.” Today's focus: the ADHD challenge of “out of sight, out of mind”—a.k.a. ADHD Object Permanence—and how it quietly drains money from your business. This is one of the most misunderstood ADHD strengths and struggles, and understanding it transforms your revenue.Most people learned about object permanence as a developmental milestone in infants: it's the reason peekaboo is so mind-blowing for toddlers. But for adults with ADHD, it's not about missing a childhood milestone—it's a “functional glitch” that endures throughout adulthood.ADHD Object Permanence challenges aren't about immaturity; they're directly connected to how ADHD working memory functions differently from neurotypical brains.If something isn't visible—literally in your line of sight—your ADHD brain tends to forget it exists. In business, this means things like overdue follow-ups, unrevived client relationships, or forgotten services gather dust. This is one of the core ADHD strengths and struggles that impacts your bottom line.Where Are You Leaking Money? ‍I break it down into three layers:1. Past Clients: Amazing people who loved working with you, would buy again, and just need a nudge. But if they're not in your calendar or inbox—they don't exist to your brain. Your ADHD working memory isn't the problem; your system is.2. Leads in the ‘Dark Pipeline': Warm prospects you were this close to converting…now forgotten until you randomly find that old email weeks later (and then feel the shame spiral). ‍This is ADHD Object Permanence in action—out of sight, completely out of mind.3. Your Own Offers: Courses, workshops, or services you actually could be selling—but forgot you even have. How many revenue streams are invisible because of ADHD Object Permanence?What's the Fix? Structural Visibility ‍Don't go buying a new planner or promising to “try harder.” That's not a strategy—it's just more stress. Instead, build software (aka systems!) around your brain's “hardware” constraints. This is how you turn ADHD strengths and struggles into actionable business strategy.Here's How: ‍● Use a CRM to remember leads for you—don't let your ADHD working memory be your only sales tool! This is structural support for ADHD Object Permanence.● Block off time every week to review offers, check in on clients, and nudge those dark leads back into the light. Regular visibility beats relying on memory.● Pre-schedule re-engagement emails for past clients + warm leads. Automation handles what ADHD Object Permanence makes invisible.Where to start: ‍Don't overhaul everything at once. Pick one area—past clients, dark leads, or forgotten offers—and add a single piece of visibility this week. ‍It could be as simple as pulling your last 20 clients into a spreadsheet or writing a list of every product you currently offer. The important part is making invisible opportunities visible again. This is how you leverage ADHD strengths and struggles for revenue growth.Mentioned in this episode: ‍Laura Schulte - LinkedIn ‍The Pipeline Compounder Kit email marketing platform (affiliate link) ‍ ‍Other episodes in the Reframing ADHD Traits as Business Strategy series: ‍Ep #315: How Successful ADHD Entrepreneurs Trigger Hyperfocus on Demand ‍Ep #317: Time Blindness is a Pricing Problem, Not Just a Productivity Problem ‍Ep #321: The Recurring Revenue Trap: The Hidden Cost of Stable IncomeEp #323: What Procrastination, Resistance & Avoidance are Trying to Tell You About Your Business ‍Your ADHD-ish ™ host, Diann Wingert Diann Wingert is a business strategist, coach, serial entrepreneur, former psychotherapist, and passionate thought leader at the intersection of ADHD and entrepreneurship. In addition to hosting the ADHD-ish ™ podcast, Diann is the creator of The ADHD-ish ™ Method, a practicing Buddhist, dog mom, and relentlessly curious human. ‍Want help to reimagine business with your ADHD traits in mind? Schedule a free consultation to explore 1:1 ADHD entrepreneur coaching with ADHD business strategist and coach, serial business owner, and former licensed psychotherapist, Diann Wingert.For more ADHD-informed business strategies, follow ADHD-ish ™ for the rest of the Reframing Your ADHD Traits as Business Strategies, as well as inspiring guest interviews and real client success stories! Subscribe/Follow ADHD-ish ™ on Apple or Spotify‍ ‍© 2026 ADHD-ish™ Podcast. Intro music by Ishan Dincer / Melody Loops / Outro music by Vladimir / Bobi Music / All rights reserved.

===SNIPPETS FROM THE SUMMIT===We've been talking about how the old school is the new school for quite some time now. But what if this idea goes way beyond meeting women in real life instead of on apps and reclaiming classic virtuous masculinity? The new term is "analog resistance" and it's probably not what you think. This isn't a bunch of old codgers saying, "get off my lawn". As it turns out, younger generations are leading the charge. The problem is, having never lived a life apart from electronic domination, they don't exactly know how. This spells a brilliant opportunity for older men to attract younger women...but only if you're not a "dinosaur" about it. Take the Reality Check Inventory quiz for FREE at: https://mountaintoppodcast.com/realitycheck === HELP US SEND THE MESSAGE TO GREAT MEN EVERYWHERE === Snippets From The Summit are all about completely original ideas for success with women that also happen to be extremely effective...and actionable. It's all built on the "Big Four": Confidence, Masculinity, Liking Women, and Good Character. Better men get better women. If you love what you hear, please rate the show on the service you subscribed to it on (takes one second) and leave a review.

Most coaches assume clients are stuck because they lack awareness, motivation, clarity, or the right strategy. But in many cases, that's not what's actually happening. In this episode, we break down one of the most misunderstood dynamics in coaching and psychology: secondary gains. These are the hidden, unconscious benefits a client receives from staying in a pattern they consciously say they want to change. You'll learn why clients can fully understand their behavior and still not change, and why increasing motivation, accountability, or strategy often fails when a deeper psychological function is being met. We explore how secondary gains show up in coaching containers, including patterns like avoidance, procrastination, emotional withdrawal, perfectionism, and relational resignation as well as why these behaviors persist even when clients are highly self-aware. You'll also learn how to distinguish between true resistance and protective behavioral payoff, and how to shift your coaching from surface-level intervention into deeper behavioral and nervous system–informed change work. This episode covers: What secondary gains are in psychology and behavioral science Why clients stay stuck even when they "know better" How protective payoff systems override motivation The difference between resistance and function Why strategy changes fail when underlying needs are unmet How secondary gains show up in real coaching containers A case example of resignation in dating and relational trauma How to help clients meet underlying needs in healthier ways If you are a coach, therapist, or practitioner who works with clients who "get it but don't do it," this episode will shift how you understand behavior change at a fundamental level.   Apply to The Art and Skill of Coaching: https://calendly.com/jessicademarchis     1-1 Trauma-Informed Coaching: www.chatwithjess.com   Stay in Touch: www.jessicademarchis.com IG @jess_demarchis_coaching  

How does a dissident become a dissident? The Atlantic staff writer Gal Beckerman joins host Alex Lovit to discuss his new book, How to Be a Dissident. It's part instruction manual, part history, and part call to action to resist the oppressive forces of our own times. Gal Beckerman is a writer and editor. His previous books include The Quiet Before: On the Unexpected Origins of Radical Ideas and When They Come for Us, We'll Be Gone: The Epic Struggle to Save Soviet Jewry. https://www.galbeckerman.com/how-to-be-a-dissident https://www.galbeckerman.com/ Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See https://pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

***Note: This is part one of a two-part episode.  Patrons of Red Media can access the entire interview, so join the Patreon today for as little as $2 a month if you haven't already!!*** Red Power Hour is back! Co-hosts Melanie Yazzie and Elena Ortiz interview scholar, writer, and poet Deborah Miranda on her work, including her memoir, Bad Indians: A Tribal Memoir (2014) Watch the video edition on The Red Nation Podcast YouTube channel https://youtu.be/-JbcBOu-H14 Check out some of the articles mentioned in the episode on her Academic.edu page https://wlu.academia.edu/DeborahMiranda Empower our work:  GoFundMe: https://www.gofundme.com/f/empower-red-medias-indigenous-content  Subscribe to The Red Nation Newsletter:  https://www.therednation.org/   Patreon   https://www.patreon.com/redmediapr  

Today, I am delighted to reconnect with Dr. Darren Candow. Dr. Candow is a distinguished professor and an internationally renowned researcher on creatine monohydrate, nutrition, and physical activity who joined me before on Episode 301, where we spoke about creatine.  We are doing an AMA session today, delving into various themes surrounding creatine, from debunking outdated RDA recommendations to exploring the combined effects of strength training and creatine efficacy. We look into the cognitive benefits of creatine, exploring how it interacts with caffeine and its implications for bone health, hydration, anabolic resistance, and metabolic health.  I trust you will find today's AMA session as enlightening and enriching as I did while recording it. IN THIS EPISODE YOU WILL LEARN: The safety and efficacy of creatine as a supplement How creatine increases muscle mass and reduces protein catabolism Benefits of combining creatine with protein  Is it better to take creatine before or after a workout? How creatine supplementation may improve brain performance and mental clarity Why exercise is essential for those who want to experience the benefits of creatine for maintaining their bone health Resistance-band workouts for post-menopausal women Are there any age-related limits for creatine supplementation? Bio: Dr. Darren Candow Dr. Darren Candow, PhD, CSEP-CEP, is Professor and Director of the Aging Muscle and Bone Health Laboratory in the Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies at the University of Regina, Canada. The overall objectives of Dr. Candow's research program are to develop effective lifestyle interventions involving nutrition (primarily creatine monohydrate) and physical activity (resistance training) that are clinically and practically relevant for improving musculoskeletal aging and reducing the risk of falls and fractures. Dr. Candow has published over 120 peer-reviewed journal manuscripts, supervised over 20 MSc and PhD students, and received research funding from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Canada Foundation for Innovation, the Saskatchewan Health Research Foundation, the National Institute of Health, and the Nutricia Research Foundation. In addition, Dr. Candow serves on the editorial review boards for the Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, Nutrients, and Frontiers. Connect with Cynthia Thurlow Follow on X, Instagram & LinkedIn Check out Cynthia's website. Submit your questions to support@cynthiathurlow.com  Join other like-minded women in a supportive, nurturing community: The Midlife Pause/Cynthia Thurlow.  Purchase Cynthia's book, The Menopause Gut. Cynthia's Intermittent Fasting Transformation Book The Midlife Pause Supplement Line Connect with Dr. Darren Candow On⁠ Instagram⁠ X  Previous Episode Mentioned: ⁠Ep. 301 Creatine: The Best Supplement for Better Bones & Brain Health with Darren Candow, PhD, CSEP-CEP⁠

Last time we spoke about the Japanese offensive at Changsha. In late September 1941, fighting in China had become a brutal struggle of endurance. Japanese forces kept pushing forward, but China—though battered by heavy losses—refused to yield. Help from abroad was slowly beginning to matter. American aid reached China through groups like the Red Cross, and volunteers later associated with the Flying Tigers offered crucial support to Chinese operations. Against this backdrop, Changsha in Hunan became the center of a dangerous autumn campaign. Chiang Kai-shek and the Nationalist leadership treated the city as strategically vital, knowing that its fate could influence the wider course of the war. In the end, the resistance at Changsha showed China's key advantage: resilience. The city's defense helped slow the Japanese advance, break up momentum, and create uncertainty as the campaign continued.   #212 The Autumn Battle of Changsha, 1941 Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. In late September 1941, the war in China had already entered its fifth year. By then the conflict had lost whatever remained of novelty and had settled into something harsher and more exhausting: a long war of attrition fought across enormous distances, under conditions of chronic shortage, strategic uncertainty, and repeated local catastrophe. Japan still possessed formidable military strength. Its armies could strike hard, move fast, and exploit superior firepower, air support, and communications in individual campaigns. Yet the larger shape of the war had begun to change. China had not collapsed. The Nationalist government still stood. Chinese armies, however battered, still held the field. The line between survival and defeat remained dangerously thin, but it had not broken. This was the situation in which the autumn campaign in Hunan and Hubei unfolded.   The struggle around Changsha did not occur in isolation. It belonged to a wider military and political moment. In Europe, the war had already expanded into a continent-wide convulsion. Germany and the Soviet Union were locked in a massive struggle after the German invasion in June. Leningrad was under threat, Kiev had become the scene of disaster, and the approach of the battle for Moscow suggested that still greater bloodshed lay ahead. Stalin had pressed Churchill to open a second front in Europe and had been refused. The global balance of war was shifting, but not yet in any way that guaranteed relief to China.   In Asia, Japan continued to press forward. The pressure on China remained immense. Yet by mid-1941 China's position, though still precarious, no longer looked quite as desperate as it had in earlier years. International sympathy had grown. Material aid, however limited, was beginning to take more concrete form. In July, the American Red Cross sent China medical supplies worth millions of dollars. In August, more than a hundred retired American pilots and mechanics came together to aid China against Japan. The air unit they formed, later celebrated as the Flying Tigers, meant more than aircraft and personnel alone. It signaled that China's war was no longer quite so isolated. That change in atmosphere did not produce calm in Chongqing. It sharpened urgency.   For Chiang Kai-shek, the possibility that the international situation might slowly improve for China carried with it a hard implication: China had to endure long enough to benefit from it. That meant surviving not in abstract terms, but in particular places, against particular offensives, at moments when a local defeat might have consequences far beyond the immediate battlefield. In the autumn of 1941, one of those places was Changsha. Changsha had long occupied an outsized place in the military geography of the war. It stood as the capital of Hunan, a hinge between regions, and a vital position in the defense of central China. Its security affected the Xiang River basin, communications across the province, and the broader defensive posture shielding approaches toward the wartime capital. To lose it, even temporarily, would be more than a symbolic blow. It would threaten the larger balance of the front in south-central China and test whether Japanese offensives could still force dramatic strategic results.   At the same time, the battle for Changsha was not a simple contest between one Chinese army and one Japanese army facing each other across a fixed line. It was part of a larger operational struggle linking the Ninth War Zone with supporting actions from the Third, Fifth, and Sixth War Zones. It involved frontal resistance, hurried reinforcement, mobile defense, rear harassment, and the constant effort to turn Japanese momentum into Japanese overextension. Chinese commanders were trying not merely to survive a blow, but to absorb it, stretch it, and eventually strike back against an enemy whose speed could become a liability once supply lines lengthened and formations dispersed. This was the burden resting on the Military Commission in Chongqing.   There, while reports arrived in fragments and maps were revised hour by hour, Chiang Kai-shek spent long stretches in the operations room watching the situation in Hunan and Hubei develop. He had already ordered the various war zones to support the Ninth War Zone's operations, and now he followed the campaign with intense concentration. His attention moved repeatedly toward reports from the Sixth War Zone and Chen Cheng's counteroffensive toward Yichang, for Yichang was tied not only to local fighting in Hubei but also to the defense of the Yangtze approach and therefore to the security of Chongqing itself. In his mind, Hunan and Hubei had become the focal point of China's war effort in that season.   Meanwhile at the front, the situation was deteriorating fast. Japanese forces pressing into northern Hunan had already imposed severe strain on the Chinese defense. Blocking units had been battered back. Communications were uncertain. Some formations fought stubbornly but could not hold; others dissolved more quickly than hoped. The Japanese advance toward Changsha created exactly the kind of crisis Chinese commanders feared most: one in which the enemy moved with enough force and speed to threaten a major city before a coherent defensive response could be reassembled. Chinese units had to be thrown into action as they arrived, often after exhausting marches, often with incomplete knowledge of the situation, and often under immediate pressure from artillery, aircraft, and aggressive infantry assaults. Yet even at this dangerous stage, the campaign contained an opportunity as well as a threat.   The deeper Japanese units pushed into Hunan, the more exposed their rear became. Supply depots, transport lines, and communications stretched farther behind the spearhead. Chinese formations that had been driven aside were not always destroyed; some remained capable of reappearing to strike roads, depots, and isolated detachments. If Changsha represented the visible center of the struggle, the enemy rear represented its hidden vulnerability. The Chinese aim, therefore, was not simply to defend passively around the city. It was to combine stubborn resistance in front with harassment and disruption behind, so that Japanese advance would become increasingly difficult to sustain. The battle that followed unfolded under these pressures: a threatened city, a strained but unbroken defense, commanders forced to improvise under severe danger, and a wider international war that made every local decision feel heavier than the ground on which it was taken.   This subtle improvement in China's larger situation did not mean safety. China was still battered, under-resourced, and vulnerable. Japanese forces still possessed enormous advantages in mobility, firepower, and air power in many sectors. Large parts of the country remained occupied or threatened. Yet by mid-1941 something in the atmosphere had changed. In July, the American Red Cross sent China medical supplies worth millions of dollars. In August, more than a hundred retired American pilots and mechanics came together to aid China in its struggle against Japan. The air unit they formed would become famous under the name by which China knew them: the Flying Tigers. Their significance exceeded their immediate tactical value. They represented a visible sign that China was not entirely abandoned to isolation.   For Claire Chennault, romantic, aggressive, and optimistic by temperament, the new situation encouraged increasingly bold thoughts. For the first time he included in his planning the idea that Japanese home territory might one day be bombed from bases in China. Such schemes were ambitious and perhaps premature, but their very existence reveals an altered horizon of possibility. A country that imagines striking back is already psychologically in a different position from one concerned only with preventing collapse.     Yichang mattered directly to the fighting in Xiangbei, but it also mattered independently. It was tied to the security of the Yangtze approach and therefore to the defense of Chongqing. It belonged not only to the immediate problem of battlefield maneuver but to the larger question of whether China could do more than absorb Japanese offensives. Could Chinese forces exploit enemy overstretch? Could Japanese advances be turned into liabilities? Could local counterattacks and rear harassment generate effects greater than the raw size of the forces involved? By September 1941, these questions were no longer hypothetical. They were urgent. In Chiang's mind, Hunan and Hubei had become the focal point of China's war effort in that season.   The struggle around Changsha was central to that effort. From Chongqing, Chiang telegraphed Commander Xue Yue of the Ninth War Zone with instructions that made both the danger and the opportunity plain. The message emphasized that the enemy in northern Hunan, though still pressing hard, had already been bravely intercepted by Chinese units and was now exhausted, with lines of advance increasingly difficult to sustain. This, Chiang argued, created an excellent opportunity for Chinese forces to strike at the enemy's rear and seek annihilation rather than mere delay. He urged officers and soldiers alike to remain determined to destroy the enemy. Even if Japanese troops advanced to the vicinity of Changsha itself, Chinese forces were to renew their efforts, maintain their confidence in victory, and prevent the enemy from establishing a foothold.   The telegram also pointed to the broader operational picture. Japanese troops drawn from the sectors of the Fifth and Sixth War Zones had been committed to the invasion of northern Hunan, leaving their rear areas dangerously exposed. The Third, Fifth, and Sixth War Zones had launched supporting offensives on the twenty-third. Therefore, the Ninth War Zone had to strike resolutely and fiercely, preventing the Japanese from coordinating their forces and frustrating any attempt to occupy Changsha. The message was at once exhortation and operational logic. It reflected the core Chinese problem in the campaign: the Japanese thrust was dangerous and had to be blocked, but the very speed and depth of that thrust could also expose the attacker. Yet by the time Chiang sent his instructions, the danger around Changsha was already severe. After the 74th Army had been beaten back, there was no major Chinese force north of the city that could confidently block the Japanese advance in a straightforward, stable line. The Japanese 4th Division, together with the Hayabuchi Detachment, had defeated the 95th Division of the Chinese 37th Army and pushed toward Changsha. The prospect that the city might fall, at least temporarily, was no longer remote.   In response, Xia Chuzhong's 79th Army from the Sixth War Zone was ordered to move toward the city. Its vanguard was Wang Jiaben's 98th Division. That movement was a forced march in the literal sense. It was not a flourish of language but an admission of emergency. Troops were pushed beyond ordinary endurance because there was no time to gather strength under favorable conditions. Changsha could not wait for convenience, rest, or ideal concentration. Either reinforcements arrived in time to fight immediately, or they arrived too late to matter. Wang Jiaben was no stranger to battle. A veteran officer from the Yunnan Army, he had fought the Japanese repeatedly—more than twenty times since the outbreak of the War of Resistance. He belonged to that generation of commanders who had been shaped by the fragmented military politics of Republican China but whose careers were now being rewritten by the national emergency of the anti-Japanese war.   During the First Battle of Changsha, he had already distinguished himself. He led troops in a counterattack along the Tongcheng line in southern Hubei and intercepted retreating Japanese forces at Longmenchang and Changshoujie, killing more than a thousand enemy soldiers. He had experience, reputation, and a sense of what it meant to fight in the Changsha theater. This time he marched from Changde, driving his division forward with all possible speed. By noon on September 26 the 98th Division reached a position about two kilometers northeast of Changsha. There was scarcely time to settle the men. No careful preparation was possible. They had arrived because the city was in danger, and battle began almost at once. At dusk the division engaged the Hayabuchi Detachment.   The fighting continued until late in the night without decisive result. That in itself was costly enough. Troops who have just completed a punishing march are already close to the limits of their endurance. To be thrown immediately into combat magnifies every weakness: thirst, fatigue, confusion, and the difficulty of building fieldworks under pressure. What the soldiers of the 98th Division could do that night, they did with their hands and whatever tools they had. They scraped positions out of the earth. They assembled makeshift cover. Officers moved along the line trying to impose order on terrain that had become a battlefield almost as soon as it was occupied. At dawn on September 27 the Japanese intensified the pressure from the air.   More than twenty aircraft bombed the 98th Division's positions, tearing apart the earthworks that officers and soldiers had spent the night constructing. Bombing had a double effect. Physically, it damaged positions, wounded men, and disrupted preparations. Psychologically, it reminded defenders that they were being observed from above and struck by an enemy against whom they could often do little in the sky. Immediately after the bombing came a fierce infantry assault. Wang Jiaben and several other commanders went down to their respective regiments to supervise the fighting personally. This was dangerous, but under such circumstances commanders often believed that presence itself mattered. When fieldworks are collapsing, shell bursts are continuous, and communications are unreliable, authority must sometimes be carried by a body rather than a wire. The defenders held.   Again and again the Japanese attacked. Again and again they were repulsed only to reorganize and come on once more. Every minute the Chinese line remained in place was bought with blood. Fallen and wounded men were carried rearward in what seemed an endless stream. The cost of resistance accumulated visibly before the eyes of those still fighting. By noon even water could no longer be delivered to the front. That detail reveals the intensity of the battle more clearly than many grander statements could. A line that cannot be supplied even with water has reached a condition of severe strain. During brief pauses in the fighting, officers and soldiers pulled out dry rations and chewed them slowly, swallowing with difficulty while they waited for the next attack. Such moments are among the most characteristic in battle: not the long, smooth continuity imagined in peacetime rhetoric, but brief interludes of miserable necessity between explosions. At two in the afternoon the crisis deepened sharply.   A unit of the Japanese 4th Division worked its way behind the 98th Division's position and attacked from the rear. This was the kind of tactical development every defending commander dreads. A force can endure heavy frontal pressure if its line remains coherent and its rear reasonably secure. But when enemy troops appear behind a position, the entire structure of defense begins to dissolve. There, behind the line, were more than a hundred Chinese wounded awaiting evacuation. Japanese soldiers attacked them with bayonets. One of the wounded Chinese soldiers, already beyond ordinary capacity for resistance, rushed forward and detonated a grenade against a Japanese attacker. It was an act of desperation, but also of defiance. The episode captures something essential about the tone of the battle around Changsha. This was not a neat engagement between organized lines alone. It was a desperate collision in which even the badly wounded were drawn into last resistance. For Wang Jiaben, however, the tactical reality was impossible to deny. If he stayed where he was, the division might be annihilated. Personal courage could not alter encirclement. Resentfully, bitterly, and under the kind of pressure that leaves permanent scars on a commander's memory, he ordered retreat. When he led the survivors off the battlefield, fewer than half his men remained.   Reinforcements from another direction now entered the struggle. The Provisional 2nd Army of the Seventh War Zone dispatched the Provisional 8th Division under Zhang Junsong. At seven in the evening on September 27, Zhang's force arrived at Zuojiatang on the eastern outskirts of Changsha. Personnel of the Ninth War Zone waiting there reported grim news: a Japanese detachment had already entered the city that afternoon, and another detachment was only three kilometers away. The situation invited rashness. A commander arriving near a threatened city at dusk, with reports that the enemy is already inside, may feel compelled to hurl troops forward immediately in a gesture of resolution. Yet night fighting in an urban approach without adequate reconnaissance can turn courage into waste. Zhang Junsong considered the matter carefully. He concluded that to rush blindly into the city at night would likely produce confusion and heavy losses. Instead he first sought to strike the enemy outside the city. His troops deployed quietly and crept forward through the darkness, launching a probing attack. But they soon discovered that the Japanese were fully prepared and not vulnerable to easy surprise. The line could not be broken. With no prospect of success, the force withdrew.   The moment is revealing because it shows how narrow the margin had become. Chinese commanders were trying to recover initiative while still groping through uncertainty. Reports were incomplete, Japanese dispositions difficult to fix, and every hour dangerous. On the evening of September 28, the 79th Army's 6th Provisional Division occupied Yuelu Mountain west of Changsha. From that height officers and soldiers looked across the Xiang River toward the city. Changsha, for the first time, was in Japanese hands. The emotional force of that sight can only be imagined. Changsha had lived for years under threat. It had been defended, contested, prepared, and feared. The possibility of its loss had hovered over military planning and public consciousness alike. Now the danger had become fact. A city that had stood as an object of effort and anxiety was visibly occupied by the enemy. No single feeling could have governed the men who saw it. There must have been anger, shame, weariness, and dread—but also stubbornness. For in war a city seen in enemy hands is not always simply lost. Sometimes it is a summons.   Late that night Zhao Jiping, commander of the 6th Provisional Division, received a telegram from Xue Yue. He read it and then stood before the map for a long time. Days of anxiety began to lift. He was not alone in that reaction. Many Chinese generals involved in the campaign had felt that they were fighting a confused and chaotic battle. Japanese movements had been broad, rapid, and difficult to pin down. The Ninth War Zone had thrown numerous units into blocking actions, yet both well-regarded formations and weaker, improvised units had repeatedly failed to hold. After ten days of combat, Chinese losses were heavy. But Japanese forces too had been worn, stretched, and damaged. Only now, as the Japanese reached the apparent culmination of their advance, did the Ninth War Zone begin to recover rhythm. Chaos did not disappear, but it became more legible. The possibility of a more ordered counteroffensive emerged.   In the early hours of September 29, Zhao Jiping issued the order to force a crossing of the Xiang River and attack the enemy in Changsha. The preparations consumed the entire day. River crossings under combat conditions are among the most delicate operations in war. Boats must be assembled or found. Units must be organized into waves. Timing matters. Surprise matters. The location of landing points matters. The men themselves matter most of all, because they must sit exposed in fragile craft knowing that the real test will begin not in the middle of the river but at the far bank. Late that night the division crossed secretly by boat in six groups. The crossing itself went well enough. The river did not betray them. The groups made progress in darkness. Yet everyone involved understood that smooth movement on the water did not guarantee success. The crucial question was what waited at the landing points. It was expected that the troops going ashore at Daximen would be first to meet the Japanese. Once battle began there, the rest of the crossing accelerated.   Chinese soldiers landed, attacked fiercely, and drove the enemy back from the riverbank. The momentum of the assault mattered. In such moments hesitation on shore can doom an entire crossing, but aggression can seize a foothold before the defender fully stabilizes. By the time Chinese forces entered the city, dawn was breaking. Then came street fighting. Changsha had ceased to be an objective on a map. It became again what cities become in war: a place of corners, walls, alleys, debris, smoke, and sudden death. Fighting in a city strips away much of the abstraction through which campaigns are often remembered. Streets channel movement. Buildings become cover, obstacles, or traps. Distances shrink but danger multiplies. A few men behind masonry can delay many more. Noise magnifies confusion. The city itself seems to fragment into a hundred separate battlefields. For Changsha, the long season of anxious anticipation ended in direct flame.   Yet to understand the campaign only through the struggle at Changsha would be incomplete. While the city drew attention as the central prize, another set of operations was unfolding across Hunan and Hubei—less dramatic in appearance perhaps, but strategically significant. These were the actions of the 27th Army Group under Yang Sen. If the fighting around Changsha demonstrated the pressure of frontal battle, Yang Sen's operations illustrated another principle entirely: the stubborn, opportunistic use of weaker forces to harass, sting, and trouble a stronger enemy from behind. The 27th Army Group was composed largely of Sichuan troops. Their presence speaks to one of the larger political transformations of the war. Republican China had long been fractured by regional militarism. Armies had often owed stronger loyalty to commanders, provinces, or local power structures than to any unified national command. Yet the anti-Japanese war compelled a partial reordering of those loyalties. Many warlord forces, however imperfectly integrated, now turned their weapons outward under Nationalist command.   There were exceptions. Some men, like Han Fuqu, had preserved their own strength at the cost of military responsibility and lost both opportunity and honor in doing so. But in the main, especially among middle and lower-ranking officers and ordinary soldiers, the imperative of national survival overrode provincial identity. Men from distant regions marched and fought in terrains not their own because the war no longer permitted a narrow conception of interest. Yang Sen himself was an old warlord soldier, one of those figures formed in the fractured military world of earlier decades. By 1941 he was deputy commander of the Ninth War Zone and commander-in-chief of the 27th Army Group. Along the Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi border he had long been cautious in his operations.   At the beginning of the northern Hunan battle, his troops proved unable to withstand the force of the Japanese offensive and retreated in disorder into mountains and forests. That fact should not be softened. They were pushed back. But retreat did not mean disappearance. This is where Yang Sen's role became important. Once the main Japanese force had advanced far ahead, the troops that had scattered began to reemerge. They knew the terrain. They knew the roads, villages, passes, and wooded approaches. If they could not defeat the Japanese in a grand collision, they could search for openings behind the advancing columns.   On September 20, as the Japanese main force drove into the heart of northern Hunan, Yang Sen led elements of the 4th, 58th, and 20th Armies in pursuit for an entire day. The main body of the 4th Army had already been badly beaten at the Xinqiang River line, and only the 60th Division, recently transferred from the 37th Army, remained relatively intact. That single fact sharply defined the weakness of his means. He was not pursuing with fresh and powerful forces prepared for a decisive encounter. He was pursuing with fragments, survivors, and such units as still retained some offensive potential. But the Japanese, intent on rapid advance southward, paid too little attention to what followed behind them. That was the opening Yang Sen needed.   On the morning of September 21, the 60th Division acted on information supplied by an old beggar. Such details often sound almost literary, but they remind us that war in China was never fought by armies alone. Villagers, refugees, peddlers, guides, boatmen, and the destitute all participated in the circulation of military knowledge. A beggar could see what a reconnaissance officer had missed. On the basis of that tip, the 60th Division launched a surprise attack on the supply depot of the Japanese 40th Division at Zhangjiayuan. Division Commander Dong Yu led the action.   The Chinese quickly overwhelmed the more than three hundred Japanese troops guarding the depot. Once they broke in, they discovered an astonishing quantity of matériel: shell boxes, ammunition, food, medicine, gasoline, explosives, protective clothing, telephone wire, body bags, stretchers, and more, all stacked beneath heavy canvas. For men accustomed to scarcity, it must have seemed almost unreal. Dong Yu, delighted, is remembered as exclaiming to his deputy commander, "It's practically a department store!" The line has a momentary comic brightness in the middle of war, and that is part of why it survives. But its deeper significance lies in what it reveals. A modern army advancing deep into hostile territory is sustained by accumulation—ammunition, fuel, wire, medicines, rations, transport materials. To seize such a depot is not merely to take objects. It is to grasp the hidden skeleton of movement. Dong Yu then issued a one-word order: "Move."   At once the whole division became a swarm of carriers. Officers and soldiers grabbed whatever they could and began hauling the captured supplies away. The scene must have been one of extraordinary improvised energy—riflemen transformed into laborers, war reduced for a moment to the brute physical act of lifting, dragging, and carrying. They moved like ants dismantling a storehouse. But there was too much to remove and too little time. Before even two regiments had completed the work, the Japanese returned in force. Enraged, they sent more than a dozen aircraft to bomb the troops carrying off the captured crates, while over a thousand infantrymen rushed in on the ground. Dong Yu immediately ordered the men to abandon what remained and destroy it. Amid deafening explosions, the 60th Division withdrew from Zhangjiayuan. The Japanese pursued hard, driving them back into the mountains before finally stopping. Measured purely in terms of territorial occupation, the action changed little. The Chinese did not hold the depot. They were forced back again. But judged in operational terms, the raid mattered. Supplies had been captured, destroyed, or disrupted. Japanese rear security had been embarrassed. Time and energy had been consumed in response. In a campaign where the Japanese were racing south and depending increasingly on stretched lines, such harassment was not trivial.   After September 23, Yang Sen expanded these efforts. He sent whole divisions to harass the Japanese rear while also dispatching battalions and companies to ambush supply columns and disrupt transport lines. This was not the kind of warfare that produces neat dramatic maps in conventional military histories. The actions were scattered, local, opportunistic, and often inconclusive. Yet precisely for that reason they can be misunderstood. Not every useful military action ends in the destruction of an enemy division. Sometimes its value lies in forcing a stronger opponent to spend attention where he had hoped to spend only momentum. These operations were costly and uncertain. Small Chinese units striking roads and depots risked encirclement or aerial punishment. Yet they possessed one advantage: they did not need to win a grand battle to matter. They needed only to make movement harder, supply more precarious, and the rear less secure.   On September 25, even after the 26th and 37th Armies had suffered defeat elsewhere, Yang Sen gathered the troops that still retained some offensive capacity and launched another attack. In these actions, the 90th Division captured Wukou; the 59th Division reached the north bank of the Miluo River; the 60th Division advanced to Donggang; and elements of the 58th Army controlled the Yuanba–Zheyangqiao highway line by the twenty-sixth. These gains were not the dramatic centerpiece of the campaign. But they formed part of the cumulative pressure on Japanese operations. Every road contested from the rear, every convoy threatened, every depot exposed, and every forced diversion of troops weakened the enemy's ability to convert tactical advance into stable success.   The battlefield was fluid enough that Yang Sen's headquarters itself had to keep moving—from the Miluo River northward to Pingjiang. Mobile headquarters in such conditions lived under constant uncertainty. Reports arrived late or contradictory. Rumors outran facts. The front could bend in unpredictable ways. A command post that seemed safely behind the line in the morning might by afternoon lie only a few kilometers from enemy forces. Years later Mao Jiuyin, who had then served as an operations staff officer under Yang Sen, recalled the old commander's outward behavior in those dangerous days. Yang Sen, Mao remembered, was always joking with the people around him and could still laugh and talk during battle. On one occasion he even joked with his bodyguard about putting chili oil in his tea. To younger staff officers, such behavior appeared almost absurd.   Yet they knew how dangerous their situation often was. Sometimes they were only a few kilometers from the main Japanese forces. There is more than anecdote in this memory. Old commanders often cultivated a style of ease under danger not because they felt no fear, but because they believed visible calm itself was part of command. Men take emotional bearings from those above them. A commander who panics spreads panic faster than any enemy breakthrough. Yang Sen was sixty years old during the Second Battle of Changsha, and he liked to remark that he was five years older than Chiang Kai-shek. Age had not removed him from the front. His function in the campaign was not to shatter the enemy in one decisive frontal blow. It was to persist, reappear, sting, and remain troublesome. The 27th Army Group followed the Japanese nearly all the way to the outskirts of Changsha.   They did not fight many large set-piece engagements. That was never their main value. But the Japanese could not ignore them. If Japanese units turned and tried to hit them directly, they tended to dissolve into the landscape. If the Japanese pushed on and ignored them, they reappeared to sabotage roads, hit supply lines, and create alarms in the rear. Even Japanese official histories later described them memorably. They called them "like a swarm of annoying flies." The phrase was meant as contempt. But as so often happens in war, an insult became an accurate description of effect. If these Chinese troops could not be tigers in formal battle, they could still become intolerable as flies. And under certain conditions—fatigue, heat, uncertainty, stretched supply, shaken morale—flies can become more oppressive than an enemy would like to admit.   When later generations look back on campaigns, they often search for a single explanatory image. But the fighting of September 1941 resists reduction to one symbol alone. What gives the campaign its force in memory is not one isolated episode, but the convergence of several pressures at once: a city under threat, a command trying to coordinate multiple fronts, exhausted reinforcements thrown directly into battle, Japanese forces advancing quickly but becoming increasingly vulnerable the farther they pushed, and Chinese troops in the rear refusing to disappear after defeat. Seen from Chongqing, the campaign was a matter of telegrams, maps, and the management of strategic risk. Seen from the front, it was a matter of thirst, mud, broken fieldworks, sudden bombing, exhausted marching, and the uncertainty of whether the next order meant reinforcement, retreat, or death. Seen from the Japanese side, it was initially an aggressive advance toward an important objective, but one increasingly troubled by stretched supply, difficult terrain, and the persistent reappearance of Chinese forces behind the line of movement.   At the same time, the campaign reveals a Chinese war effort that had become more resilient than in the earliest years of the conflict. The Japanese advance toward Changsha was dangerous and at moments appeared close to success. Chinese blocking forces suffered severe defeats. Units arrived exhausted and were hurled into action at once. Commanders lost men at devastating rates. Changsha itself briefly fell into enemy hands. And yet the city was not simply surrendered as an accomplished fact. Chinese forces regrouped. Orders were coordinated across war zones. Reinforcements marched at desperate speed. Counterattacks were mounted. Forces west of the Xiang prepared and crossed back into the city. Elsewhere, troops under Yang Sen gnawed at the Japanese rear and made advance more costly than a map of front lines alone might suggest. This combination of desperate frontal resistance and incessant rear harassment was one of the characteristic strengths of China's resistance in this stage of the war. China could not always match Japanese power in one concentrated blow. But it could absorb, delay, fragment, and trouble that power across space and time. That is why the struggle around Changsha in late September 1941 deserves to be remembered not merely as a sequence of engagements, but as a layered event in which tactical battle, morale, logistics, political endurance, and international context all converged.   I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. In late September 1941, Japan pushed deeper into China, but Chinese forces—supported gradually by international help—kept resisting. Changsha in Hunan became the central point of the conflict, seen as vital to strategic control in south-central China. Meanwhile, elsewhere in Hunan and Hubei, Yang Sen's 27th Army Group—often using smaller, opportunistic actions—reappeared behind Japanese lines to disrupt depots and convoys. Even when Chinese gains were temporary, the cumulative pressure delayed Japanese momentum.       

In the early 1970s, Bruce Lee made nunchaku (nunchucks) cool — kids were building their own and buying them in record numbers. But the nunchucks craze coincided with something much bigger: the birth of a radical new Asian American identity. Roman Mars and historian Jeff Chang trace how nunchucks went from ancient weapon to symbol of resistance — not only uniting Asian Americans in the fight for their own rights, but connecting them to every other group pushing back from the margins. A History of the United States in 100 Objects is a production of 99% Invisible and BBC Studios. Subscribe to SiriusXM Podcasts+ to listen to new episodes of 99% Invisible ad-free and a whole week early. Start a free trial now on Apple Podcasts or by visiting siriusxm.com/podcastsplus. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.