Podcasts about Genome

Geneticist Adrian Woolfson shares his insights on designing life with artificial biological intelligence, the possibility of creating new species, and the responsibility that comes with rewriting the rules of evolution. Adrian Woolfson is the co-founder of Genyro, a California-based biotechnology company specialising in synthetic genome design and construction. Born in London, he studied medicine at Balliol College, Oxford, and was formerly the Charles and Katherine Darwin Research Fellow at Darwin College, Cambridge, working at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology. He is the author of the critically acclaimed Life Without Genes: The History and Future of Genomes and An Intelligent Person's Guide to Genetics. He has authored over 160 scientific papers, book chapters, reviews, and patents, and is a regular contributor to the Wall Street Journal and Science magazine. Bonus episode recorded live from the World Governments Summit 2026 at the House of Impact on 03 February 2026. Full-Video Version: https://youtu.be/ejHgoD1Wt5I  ABOUT THE HOST Luke Robert Mason is a British-born futures theorist who is passionate about engaging the public with emerging scientific theories and technological developments. He hosts documentaries for Futurism, and has contributed to BBC Radio, BBC One, The Guardian, Discovery Channel, VICE Motherboard and Wired Magazine. CREDITS In Partnership with the Dubai Future Foundation Producer & Host: Luke Robert Mason Join the conversation on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter at @FUTURESPodcast Follow Luke Robert Mason on Twitter at @LukeRobertMason Subscribe & Support the Podcast at http://futurespodcast.net

In this episode of the Epigenetics Podcast, we talked with Srinjan Basu from Imperial College London to talk about his work on how chromatin architecture and epigenetic mechanisms orchestrate developmental gene expression programs. We begin by exploring Dr. Basu's early work at Harvard which involved pioneering Raman-based label-free imaging, allowing the study of chromatin dynamics in live tissue. Here, he tackles technical challenges faced in visualizing DNA interactions, emphasizing the shift from 2D to 3D analysis and the importance of real-time observation of chromatin behavior under various conditions. This segues into his groundbreaking research on single transcription factors interacting with chromatin, revealing subtle but significant changes in the dynamics of gene regulation. We transition into the complexities of chromatin architecture as Dr. Basu recounts his efforts in mapping the entire mouse genome in single pluripotent cells, unearthing unexpected heterogeneity among cells. This heterogeneity raises intriguing questions about its impact on cellular function, prompting ongoing investigations into chromatin dynamics and the role of remodeling complexes like NuRD in cell fate transitions. Dr. Basu elucidates how recent studies have begun to bridge the gaps in understanding how transcription factors and chromatin dynamics interact during cellular decisions, particularly emphasizing the influence of mechanical signals and the intrinsic properties of cells. His research underscores the idea that stem cells undergo a preparatory phase for differentiation, highlighting the critical balance of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that govern genetic expression and cellular outcomes. We also talk about Dr. Basu's current research trajectory, focusing on enhancing imaging techniques to study gene dynamics in tissue contexts relevant to developmental biology and disease states. He illustrates a vision for future projects that integrate advanced imaging tools to investigate transcription factor dynamics and chromatin interactions in live cells and embryos, furthering the understanding of decision-making processes in cellular contexts. References Stevens TJ, Lando D, Basu S, et al. 3D structures of individual mammalian genomes studied by single-cell Hi-C. Nature. 2017 Apr;544(7648):59-64. DOI: 10.1038/nature21429. PMID: 28289288; PMCID: PMC5385134. Basu S, Needham LM, Lando D, et al. FRET-enhanced photostability allows improved single-molecule tracking of proteins and protein complexes in live mammalian cells. Nature Communications. 2018 Jun;9(1):2520. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04486-0. PMID: 29955052; PMCID: PMC6023872. Related Episodes Advanced Optical Imaging in 3D Nuclear Organisation (Lothar Schermelleh) Analysis of 3D Chromatin Structure Using Super-Resolution Imaging (Alistair Boettiger) Single-Molecule Imaging of the Epigenome (Efrat Shema) Contact Epigenetics Podcast on Mastodon Epigenetics Podcast on Bluesky Dr. Stefan Dillinger on LinkedIn Active Motif on LinkedIn Active Motif on Bluesky Email: podcast@activemotif.com

Exposing Radical Candidates, Malpractice Verdicts, and Failing Electric BusesWelcome to another episode of the Last Gay Conservative podcast with your host, Chad Law! In this episode, Chad dives into a variety of pressing topics, from the failure of Vermont's electric bus fleet in cold weather to the rise of unelectable, dangerously radical candidates in early primaries. He also covers a landmark medical malpractice verdict in New York related to transgender surgery on a minor, highlighting how it's forcing changes in medical practices nationwide. Additionally, Chad discusses the backlash against 'white savior' activists in anti-ICE protests and the nonsense around climate alarmism impacting public policies. Tune in for Chad's satirical takes, along with serious discussions on how conservative values can still shape effective policies. Don't forget to text or call 866-LAST-GAY to share your thoughts after the show!00:00 Introduction and Show Overview00:33 Vermont's Electric Buses Fail in Winter00:46 Rise of Radical Candidates in Early Primaries01:01 Transgender Medical Malpractice Case01:49 Satirical Science Segment: mRNA Vaccine and Furry Gene03:02 Impact of mRNA Vaccine on Behavior06:40 Self-Test for mRNA Vaccine Side Effects08:25 Serious Discussion on Early Voting and Radical Candidates09:05 GOP's Struggle in State Primaries19:36 Malpractice Verdict in Transgender Surgery Case23:40 Medical Ethics and the Dangers of Rushed Decisions24:20 The Reality of Waiting and Psychological Support26:16 Legal and Ethical Implications of Medical Practices29:37 The Failure of Vermont's Electric Bus Fleet30:58 Historical Lessons on Energy Policy and Innovation39:41 The Pitfalls of Performance Activism44:59 Concluding Thoughts on Conservatism and Individual Freedom

How to Fix Boring Brand Podcasts If we're going to be perfectly honest, many branded podcasts are either boring or they sound just like a recycled commercial. To win the hearts and minds of your B2B target audience, you must move beyond generic corporate messaging and create high-quality content that addresses your listeners' needs. So how can brands produce engaging content that will resonate with their audiences, and what strategic role does B2B storytelling play?That's why we're talking to Jen Moss (Co-Founder and Chief Creative Officer, JAR Podcast Solutions), who shared her expertise and strategic insights on how to fix boring brand podcasts. During our conversation, Jen discussed the importance of creating engaging brand podcasts that build trust and loyalty. She explained why B2B podcasts should go beyond product promotion and focus on deeper stories and societal issues. Jen also highlighted the need for creative courage, proper planning, rigorous pre-production, and engagement with the audience. She advised against rushing into production without proper ideation and marketing budget. Jen also underscored the power of authentic B2B storytelling and cautioned against relying too heavily on AI for content creation. https://youtu.be/sVlsvotzFEE Topics discussed in episode: [02:22] The definition of a successful brand podcast: It shouldn’t just be a CEO talking about products, but rather a way to facilitate deeper conversations on industry issues.  [05:12] Why brands need “creative courage” to stand out in a saturated market, including experimenting with fiction or narrative formats.  [08:32] How to tell a good B2B story by focusing on “beats,” high stakes, and the transparent struggle rather than just the solution.  [17:28] The top pitfalls in podcasting: Failing to budget for marketing, ignoring audience analytics, and drop-off rates.  [29:25] A real-world example of how Genome BC used human storytelling to make complex scientific topics accessible and engaging.  [37:40] Why using AI purely for speed and volume is a mistake, and why the mission of podcasting should be connection, not efficiency. Companies and links mentioned: Jen Moss on LinkedIn  JAR Podcast Solution  Genome BC Bumper Ira Glass Cory Doctorow Nice Genes! Podcast Another Round Podcast Hot Ones Podcast Transcript Christian Klepp, Jen Moss Jen Moss  00:00 Podcasting, especially audio podcasting, I will say, is a sacred space between the ears. You are literally whispering in people’s ears if they don’t like what they’re hearing, if they start to feel like you’re shilling to them, they will yank out the earbuds and it’s game over for you. Christian Klepp  00:17 If we’re going to be perfectly honest, many brand podcasts are either boring or they just sound like a commercial. To win the hearts and minds of your target audience, you need to create content that serves your listeners and is something they actually want to hear. So how can you achieve that? And what role does B2B Marketing play in producing successful brand podcasts? Welcome to this episode of the B2B Marketers in the Mission podcast, and I’m your host, Christian Klepp, today I’ll be talking to Jen Moss, who will be answering that question. She is the Co-Founder and Chief Creative Officer of JAR Podcast Solutions, which helps create quality podcasts that earn trust. Tune in to find out more about what this B2B Marketers Mission is, okay, and I’m gonna say, Jen Moss, welcome to the show. Jen Moss  01:05 Thank you so much for having me. Christian Klepp  01:07 Great to have you on. We’ve had such a fantastic conversation before. I hit record. I probably should have recorded this earlier, but in any case, Jen Moss  01:14 Yes, if anyone needs any parenting tips, we got your back. Christian Klepp  01:18 Absolutely, absolutely that that book is coming out soon on Amazon. I’m just kidding, But Jen, really looking forward to this conversation, because, man, we are going to cover a topic which, you know, might rock the boat a little bit, but it’s all, you know, constructive, and you know, it’s all for the sake of growing in a positive way, right? Jen Moss  01:35 I think so, Christian Klepp  01:36 At least I like to think so. Jen Moss  01:38 That is the goal. Christian Klepp  01:39 Absolutely, absolutely, all right, so here it comes. So Jen, you’re on a mission to help brands craft story first, podcasts that earn trust, build loyalty and connect deeply with the audiences that matter most. So for today’s conversation, I’d like to zero in on the following topic. Here comes how to fix boring brand podcasts. I know we’ve got a ton to talk about, but let’s kick off this conversation with two questions, and I’m happy to repeat them. So what is it about brand podcasting that you wish more people understood? And number two is, where do most brand podcasts go wrong. Jen Moss  02:22 Okay, so those are both great questions, so that what is a branded podcast is probably a good place to start. A lot of people might think that it’s, you know, the CEO of a company talking about their products and services ad nauseam. And if you happen to want to buy those products and services, maybe you would listen to it, because you could get more information, like, kind of an informational, almost transactional thing. I think that’s what a lot of people imagine when they hear the words branded podcast. However, that there’s a lot more to branded podcasting than that, and a lot of the smarter sort of, I would say, savvy brands, the ones with kind of sophisticated marketing campaigns that are multifaceted, are looking at podcasting as a way to tell deeper stories, engage with conversations that are ongoing in society that really matter so, sort of a chance for the brand to show its stripes a little bit, and an opportunity to offer something to a target audience that is sort of like a kind of a gift. You know, like we’re going to give you something of value that you actually will benefit from or enjoy, learn something from, be emotionally moved by, you know, hear a good story, and it’ll be in an area that the brand cares about, that that kind of ticks the boxes in terms of, like, what are the brand’s values, but is not specifically, and this is very important, is not specifically related to the brand’s products and services, per se. So it’s more like, okay, the brand maybe exists in a certain wider industry, and there’s an issue in that industry that keeps coming up, or a new technology that’s affecting everything, something like that, something that needs to be talked about. And so they’ll, they’ll set out to kind of facilitate those kinds of conversations through their podcasts. And a branded podcast doesn’t need to be just a one on one interview. It could be, it could be a fiction podcast if you were feeling extra frisky and creative that day, you know, if you wanted to do something fun, like I had a conversation with a solar company not that long ago, and we actually pitched them a fiction podcast about a world powered by sun. And because we thought the opportunity for a solar panel company to sponsor a fiction podcast about a world powered by sun like sci-fi would be, would be exciting and different. Christian Klepp  05:11 How did that go? Jen Moss  05:12 Yeah, well, we didn’t end up getting that job because they didn’t have the creative courage to do it. And so this is, this is the kind of conversation that I’m always on with brands is like, have the creative courage to do something that’s a little out of the ordinary because there’s 500 million podcasts or whatever, so you’ve got to stand out. And so you’ve got to think about how to stand out, and one of the best ways to do that is to do something different that hasn’t been done before. For example, there is a great branded fiction podcast called Murder in HR, and it’s by an online HR platform company. And, you know, like, it’s just a scripted fiction true, true crime. It’s not really true because it’s scripted fiction podcast. But, you know, it’s kind of different and fun. So, so there’s stuff like that. There’s, you know what we would call narrative podcasting, which is a mixture of script and clip, where you’re kind of combining on scene recordings with interview tape, with narration, and kind of thoughtfully braiding all those things together, like an NPR (National Public Radio) storytelling experience or a CBC (Canadian Broadcasting Corporation) storytelling experience. So there’s all of that that can be part of branded podcasting, and so I just frankly think it’s kind of lazy when brands just decide that they’re going to talk about themselves indefinitely in a podcast. If I want to learn about a brand, I and buy something from them, I’ll go to their website. But if the brand wants to win hearts and minds and raise awareness and build trust and kind of operate on that deeper level to widen their impact. That’s where a podcast, and sponsoring a podcast, or getting behind the production of a podcast can really help. So that’s, I mean, I guess that kind of answers your second question, where do brands go wrong? And it’s usually with just doing the obvious, doing the thing that they think is the most direct route to a customer. And with podcasting, I try to remind people there is a difference between a customer and an audience. A customer is someone who already, at least wants to know more about your product and is thinking of buying maybe they’ve bought from you before. An audience may include those customers, but it may include other people as well who have a wider array of interests and are not yet, do not yet know that they need to buy a new pair of running shoes, but then the next time they need a new pair of running shoes, they may think of you because of that excellent podcast they listen to where you had all those celebrities on talking about the things that motivate them to push harder and go faster, right? So it’s just sort of, it’s a little bit of a roundabout way of winning customers by winning hearts and minds is how I would describe it. Christian Klepp  08:03 Yeah, winning hearts and minds. I like that. Now. That was a great way to open up this conversation. And thanks for sharing that I had two follow up questions for you. So let’s start with, you know, people loving to hear a good story, so let’s, let’s, let’s take a step back, because remember, the audience of this podcast. They’re mostly B2B Marketers. So from a B2B context, what would you how would you define what a good story is? Jen Moss  08:32 Yeah, that’s a great question. So I mean, a good story is told beat by beat, this happened, and then this happened, and then this happened. And here’s the lesson we took from it. Is one of the ways that it has been boiled down, I believe, by Ira Glass, you know, icon of podcasting. So I think you know thinking about even with B2B storytelling, if you’re telling a story that’s based in your industry, and you’re trying to position yourselves as thought leaders in that space. And let’s say you’re interviewing someone who is another company that sells a particular product, and you’re talking to them about a case study, instead of saying, like, what is the product and how does it work, try saying, tell us a story about a problem that someone was having. Start with the stakes, like, what would have happened if they didn’t solve that problem, what was at stake, then build to like how that problem got solved, and perhaps the product or service was involved, right, right? But build to how the problem was solved, so that there’s a bit of an arc from A to B to C to D, so that you start with a problem, work towards a solution. And and make sure to take the time to identify the stakes, like, what would have happened if it didn’t work. Where did it go wrong along the way? Where were the points where you thought, this is not going to work worse? We’re we’re hooped, you know, make sure that when you are telling stories, you’re actually telling the whole story, not just the win, not like we solved it this way, this way and this way. And aren’t we great? Nobody cares. That’s just bragging, and it comes across very badly in podcasting, podcasting, especially audio podcasting, I will say, is a sacred space between the ears. You are literally whispering in people’s ears. If they don’t like what they’re hearing, if they start to feel like you’re shilling to them, they will yank out the earbuds and it’s game over for you, right? They’ll go look at something else or go walk their dog, right? So you really have to just really focus in on the beat by beat. How are you going to hold attention throughout? You can also use sound design to support the tension arc of the story. And don’t be afraid to show the tough stuff, the hard stuff, the stuff that didn’t work, the stuff that even makes you look a bit foolish. We tried this as a brand. It didn’t work. We failed, but what we learned from that was this, right, if you can be a little bit transparent and a little bit more real, you will win hearts and minds, like I said, and if you want, if you can’t do that, people have a nose for BS, and they will smell it, and they will not take you as seriously. So it’s like a sacred duty to tell the truth, which is, which is challenging in a branded space where it’s all about spin and messaging and stuff like that. But the more you can do that, the more credible your content will be. Christian Klepp  11:56 Absolutely, absolutely. Yeah, on that topic, the ones I love the most, of the guys that say, like, you know, I, um, I lost my job and I moved to my parents basement, and now I’m making multiple six figures, all within the span of 12 months. Jen Moss  12:10 I mean, amazing, amazing. Not true, but also, at least they understand the tension arc. Christian Klepp  12:17 Yes, that’s certainly one way of looking at it, yeah, second follow up question. And I love this, like, creative courage, right? Jen Moss  12:28 Yeah. Christian Klepp  12:29 Not many people have it, if we’re going to be perfectly honest, right? Jen Moss  12:32 Yeah, I’m realizing that. I’m realizing that the older I get, the more I realize how rare it actually is creative courage. Yeah. Christian Klepp  12:40 Here’s the thing, like, Why do you think that that’s so prevalent, even in in the podcast space? Is it because it’s it because it’s it’s the unknown that people are worried about, like, what if it doesn’t work? Jen Moss  12:50 Yeah, if you think about podcasting, especially in a branded space, but really in any space, yeah, it’s a vulnerable act. You’re putting yourself out there, you’re putting your brand out there, you’re putting your stories out there, you’re putting your company out there. You’re putting, in some cases, your job on the line, right, by spending budget on this thing, right? So the so the stakes are real for the people involved, and it’s tricky, because striving for perfection right out of the gate is possibly a mistake. I think that podcasting has always been kind of an organic form where it evolves over time. You’ve got to study the audience data and see whether what you’re doing is actually resonating with your audience, and if it’s not, you’ve got to be prepared to pivot and change and adapt the storytelling, the timing, the pacing, the music, all of those things have to be a little bit up for grabs if the audience isn’t resonating. So I do think, I do think there’s that to consider, yeah. Christian Klepp  13:53 And I suppose people’s tastes very right, like, what people find is creative is very can be very subjective. Jen Moss  14:01 The creative bravery thing is tricky because of all the reasons I listed, but also because you’re right. It means different things to different people, like for a bank or some sort of finance institution or a pharma company in a very heavily regulated industry, to be like creatively brave in their storytelling is pretty difficult. It’s been, it’s been compared to putting up a tent in the rain, right? Trying to be creative in a corporate environment, putting up a tent in the rain with your spouse is one way to think about Christian Klepp  14:34 Putting up a tent in the rain with your spouse. And there’s a T-Rex sitting… Jen Moss  14:38 Graded by a bunch of Russian judges, yeah. Christian Klepp  14:42 Absolutely. Jen Moss  14:43 Yeah. It’s tricky, and so to maintain the principles of creativity within that environment is hard. So the principles of creativity include brainstorming, ideation, adaptation, experimentation, so trial and trial and error a little bit, and eventually, you through that process, that iterative process, you arrive at a really great finished work of art, hopefully. But those people who have not been through the creative process and trusted a bunch of you know flaky writers with their with their goals before, and I say that as a flaky writer, it’s it can be hard to trust the creative process if you’re not used to going through it. So if you are working in an industry where everything is about quarterly planning, everything is planned down to the minutia. List, list, list, bullet point, bullet point, bullet point, check, check, check, box. And then somebody’s coming in and saying, Well, what about if we explored this? And let’s discuss, Let’s hypothetically explore this topic. You know, there are personality types out there, and a lot of them are working in corporate jobs who are just like, No, I don’t know how to do that. I don’t trust it, and it totally freaks me out. So that kind of I would call it, like floating the creative balloon and batting it around for a while before you make a decision. Trying to create room for that process to happen before you launch your podcast is quite important, and giving proper space and time to that creative process is something that I think the more corporate and kind of button down podcasting becomes, the more I’m seeing that we have to fight that, because we have to be accountable with our timelines. We have to be accountable with our messaging. We have to be accountable with all this stuff. So that’s all very important. Brand safety matters. But if you don’t allow space for that creative ideation phase, and I would, I would argue, frankly, ongoing space within your process, then you will not rise the balloon as high as you could. You could probably still do something that is regularly released and has decent sound quality. So check, check, but is it going to win hearts and minds of audiences? Is it going to stand out 500 million other podcasts? No, it is not. Yeah. So that’s why it matters. Christian Klepp  17:17 Absolutely, absolutely. Moving on to key pitfalls to avoid. What are they and what should folks be doing instead? Jen Moss  17:28 I mean, there’s so there’s so many pitfalls. I don’t know where to start … Christian Klepp  17:32 Try to condense them into like, maybe, like the five, the top five that you’ve seen. Jen Moss  17:36 Well, let’s look at maybe, let’s look at the phases of doing a podcast, pre-production, production and post-production. So in pre-production, I think the big pitfalls are failing to allow time and space for creative ideation, rushing into it without proper consideration. I think failing to set aside budget to market your podcast can be a mistake, and I think budget for marketing is quite important because, well, we’ll get into that in post production, but one of the important ways for people to find podcasts is through ads on other podcasts, and that costs money. So there’s a little aspect of a pay to play nature that kind of creeps into podcasting. I think it’s important to be realistic about that. It’s not the only way to promote a podcast. There’s many good, organic ways, but if you can reserve some budget for marketing, I think it’s a good idea to do so. And yeah, I would say in pre-production, failure to think big and kind of have embraced blue sky thinking early on, what could this podcast be? Who is it for? Right? Those are very important questions. So at JAR, we have a system. We call the JAR system. It’s job, audience, result, and in pre production, that’s where we really focus on job and audience. What is the job of the podcast? Why are you doing it? Who is the audience? Who is it for? What do they need? Where do they hang out? Are they on audio platforms? Are they on video platforms? Are they YouTubers? Like, what you know? Who are you talking to, and why? Is very important. So job and audience, and then with production, once you get into that big phase. That’s where I think, I sort of say it’s like, point your skis and go, but also bend your knees, because things are going to come up and so, for example, I always recommend having three or four possible guests lined up to service an episode. Because if the first one that you’re going after falls through due to timing and unavailability in your production timeline, an amateur podcaster would just be like, well, that’s okay. I’ll wait till October, when you’re free, whereas I’m saying, no, no. So if you want to do a podcast on this topic, and it’s important to do it now because timeliness matters, then you need to have a couple of other options that are backup options for that guest if they’re unavailable, so things like that. So prepping backups to your backups for your guests is a really good idea so that you can keep your production moving forward and stay focused on the ideas that you’re you’ve determined to explore. So making a plan and then doing your best to stick to it, I think, but keeping your knees bent critically within that plan. Some people have said, Well, is it kind of like you write like a podcast Bible? And I’m like, No, it’s more of a pirate code, but you do need to have a code like there needs to be a plan going forward, but it can change. And then post production, I think the biggest thing is people fail to study their analytics, or fail to understand and interpret their analytics. So if you’re not looking at your audience data, then you’re not getting the most out of that those analytics platforms. So you should be looking at your Spotify data. You should be looking at your apple, podcast data, your YouTube data, the data from your hosting platform. At JAR, we use a company called Bumper. They’re a Canadian company that does a really nice job of pulling together a dashboard which shares a lot of valuable information about about how your podcast is performing. So you can actually see things like, Oh, I made a 30 minute podcast, but everyone’s dropping off at 21 minutes. I wonder why. So either make it really much more interesting at the 21 minute mark, or make a shorter podcast. That’s what the audience data is telling you, right? So being receptive and flexible, keeping your knees bent throughout is very important, and then using that data to feed back into the creative cycle, so that it becomes this circular process of testing and learning, studying the results, making changes, and you’re gradually honing your podcast into something that your audience really, really responds to. So that’s those are the pitfalls that we try to steer people through and around. Christian Klepp  22:08 That is a great list. And you probably, for those that are listening to the audio version of this, I was, I was nodding the whole time, but, um, one of the things that I would add in there, which I’ve seen happen, and it’s happened to me, and I’m not gonna say who it is, but like, you know, one of the things that they immediately did after having me as a guest on is they pushed me into a follow up call, which big surprise was a was a sales pitch. It’s like, Thank you for being on our show. By the way. Would you like to buy some advertising space in our magazine? Would you like to exhibit in our, you know, upcoming event. You know, for small business, you know, we only charge $10,000 you know, it’s not that much. It’s like, Jen Moss  22:47 For a lot of small businesses, that is a lot, right? Christian Klepp  22:50 Exactly. Jen Moss  22:50 It’s kind of like, to me, if you think of it like dating, you want to play a little bit cool, like, it’s great. You can think of a podcast as a networking tool, absolutely, but it’s you have to just not be like Johnny obvious about it, like, maybe, maybe wait a few months and then reach out and say, Hey, we’re having a special promotion, and we’re you people who have been on our show get a reduced rate or something like that. Sure. Christian Klepp  23:19 Yeah, exactly. Jen Moss  23:20 Or just trust the universe. You could also try that, which would be, I had a great you like you and I had a great connection on this podcast. We chat very well. We even talked before the recording about parenting. So, like, we kind of click. So like, if there were ever anything that we could help each other with, I’m sure we would at least be somewhat amenable to it, and maybe that’s enough. Maybe that’s enough, right? Christian Klepp  23:45 Yeah, probably, probably. Jen Moss  23:46 Yeah. So I think yes, it’s an opportunity to network, but it is also in the same way that yeah, between people’s ears is a sacred space. Also when someone comes on your show as an unpaid guest, which most podcasts? I think it’s worth pointing out that most podcast guests are unpaid, so they’re doing that out of the sort of the free desire of exchange of ideas, right? And so respecting that in and of itself is very important. And this is why podcasting has risen to such heights is because it is really grounded in that kind of authentic communication, where people are really trying to figure stuff out together, that’s it, and it’s wonderful, and it’s amazing. And so you got to respect that. You got to let that be enough sometimes Christian Klepp  24:36 Absolutely, absolutely, wow. So you’ve kind of touched on this already, but in our previous conversation, you mentioned that in podcasting, and this does this is not unique to just the B2B space alone, but like in podcasting in general, the story comes first, not the product or the promo. So please elaborate on that. Jen Moss  24:58 No one is going to listen a 30 minute ad, right? It’s just not gonna happen. As soon as they detect the fact that you’re selling, they’re gone. If you want to have some follow up product information in your show notes, or, you know, I wouldn’t necessarily recommend that, but you could, I suppose, or on your website, great. But the purpose of a podcast is not necessarily that sort of bottom of funnel sales. The purpose of a podcast is, is, it’s a top of funnel engagement opportunity, right? So you’re really, you’re you can build trust, you can build awareness, you can reach new people, and the way you do that is by being relevant and authentic and telling good stories in a way that holds attention. So my own background is from, you know, years of working in radio, documentary storytelling and things like that, I really learned how every, every piece of the story matters. You really have to break down the story arc. Like I said. You got to examine the stakes. You got to think about pacing. All of these things are critical and a funny thing too that I’ve learned I also teach creative writing, and one of the things that one of the lessons that I share with my students, is that the more specific you are in your storytelling, the more it will resonate universally. So through the specific example comes the universal ‘aha' moment. Whereas if you go in with a bunch of like, I’m like, I’m doing right now, if you go in with a bunch of principles, like, here’s what you got to do, and here’s, here’s the rules, and you should follow these rules, 10 Steps to heaven. Kind of, kind of formulas that might work in a, in a sort of, like a bullet point list on the internet, but in podcasting, that doesn’t really work. It’s, it’s more of a, it’s more of a like, I mean, they say the devil is in the details, but I actually think so are the angels like you really like, if I were to tell you a story about a time I worked with a client, let me think of a real example, Like, okay, Genome, BC (Bristish Columbia) is a client of ours. They are a non-profit here in British Columbia in Canada, and they are dedicated to promoting Genomic Science, and specifically they’re promoting the ability of Genomic Science to solve big problems that the world is facing, okay, like global warming type level problems, right? So that’s great. So how do we tell that story? How do we tell that specifically, we could have a bunch of egg heads on to talk about their research, and we do, we have, it’s a science podcast. We have lots of eggheads, and they’re great, you know, but we have to balance that with like people who are impacted by the issues that the science is trying to address. So we did a piece recently about an episode about genetic testing for, you know, heart problems and things like that, and how we with the study of the human genome, we know with the study of the human genome, we now know so much more about about how to spot those problems almost before they happen, because of your genetic predisposition to certain problems. So we told that story by finding a high schooler who had had a heart attack because of a genetic problem that he didn’t know about. And we told that story beat by beat. I was on the field. This happened. My parents got a call. We talked to his parents, we interviewed everybody. They all told the story about the time the son had the heart attack. They all told it separately in their own way, and we intercut it into this really tense, like, you know, exciting, really piece of storytelling. Then we brought on the scientists to talk about the power of genomic testing and genetic testing and genetic awareness around these health issues, but we first establish why it matters, and it matters because it affects people’s lives. So if you’re doing storytelling and you can connect your ideas to something that’s real, then you’re going to you kind of, you win, you win the storytelling day. Christian Klepp  29:27 Oh, that’s an that’s an excellent example. And, and I hear you, the easier path would have been to just invite the scientists on, or whoever it was, and they go on and talk about all of their research, and Jen Moss  29:39 Which is amazing stuff. But I don’t know if you’ve interviewed any scientists. Lately. They can be a little dry, they can be a little dense and hard to listen to. Christian Klepp  29:47 I’ve interviewed I’m associate professors. Does that count? Jen Moss  29:52 Yeah, it does. Yeah. People get very granular, right when they’re studying a very specific interest, like that, and that’s what makes them so incredible at their jobs, and I have huge respect for these scientists and and for our host, who is a scientist, credibility also matters with with your core target audience. So it’s not like we de emphasize the science, we just frame the science with important storytelling that helps the wider audience understand why this matters. So if you think about your core target audience, and then you think about people who are just adjacent to that, what would it take those people, the ones who are kind of peering over the fence at your brand, you know, or at your topic? So we say that that particular show for Genome BC, it’s for scientists and for the science curious sort of thing. And so we try to remember the science curious folk when we’re doing our storytelling. It doesn’t mean that we dumb it down. It means that we open our arms and we try to write it in a way that’s inclusive to a slightly wider audience, while still delivering excellent, groundbreaking, scientific insight that is timely and relevant. It’s a hard line to walk. Actually. Christian Klepp  31:07 It is. Jen Moss  31:07 It takes a lot of skill and it takes a lot of attention, but if you get it right, you know that show, that show, is winning every award we enter. Christian Klepp  31:17 Wow, yeah, remind me what the name of the show was again. Jen Moss  31:20 Oh, it’s called Nice Genes, like G-E-N-E-S yes, yeah. And then they have a short form one called Genes Shorts. Christian Klepp  31:27 Genes shorts, okay? Because why not? All right, Jen Moss  31:30 Because why not. Trying to have a little fun. So what’s gonna stand out? Right? We thought, you know, Nice Genes!, exclamation mark. That’ll stand out. Christian Klepp  31:38 Yeah, absolutely, absolutely, Jen, you’ve given us plenty of insights already and some actionable tips, but just imagine that there’s somebody out there that’s listening to the show and they’re like, gosh, you know what we are exactly in this situation right now. What advice would you give them? Like, maybe, like, three to five things they can take action on right now that they can help launch a podcast that is not boring and that doesn’t sound like PR (Public Relations). Jen Moss  32:06 So probably the best thing you could do is do a little bit of like light competitive research. So have a look at what other podcasts are in your space, in your topic area, right? And check out this. This is going to sound mean, but check out what’s wrong with them. Like, actually go and listen to as many of them as you can. Maybe give yourself a week to do that and make make a point of listening to five a day for a week. And then you’ll start to see, okay, the vast majority of these, they don’t have good sound quality, like the host doesn’t have a proper microphone. Or the vast majority of these, the lighting is terrible, or the vast majority of these, they’re asking the same questions over and over again, and, oh, I saw that guest on three different podcasts, right? So if that’s happening, then ask yourself the next logical question, which is, how can we be different? How can we find our own kind of quadrant to step into? How can we rewrite the book here and do something unexpected that still meets our values, that still targets the right audience, but does it in a way that is going to just shake things up a little bit and challenge people’s expectations of us and and our own expectations of ourselves. So don’t take the lowest hanging fruit, at least until you’ve considered some of the other options. And it may be that you’re like, No, I actually really want to do a straight interview podcast, because I really want to have deep conversations with people like this, like this podcast does, and that’s great, but then you know, like you’ve chosen that for a reason, like you’ve you’ve given it due consideration. And then within that, even within a if you’re planning to do a straight ahead interview podcast, is there’s no shame in that. But even thinking about, like, what would make your interview podcast different? So it’s the it. Could you describe it at a cocktail party as, like, it’s the one where they blank, blank, blank, right? Could you describe it in one sentence, and is it going to be memorable that sentence? There was a show I used to watch years ago and listen to where, what was it called? It was called Another Round, and it was one of the first shows where they would drink and podcast, but they would do a ton of Political Research, these two journalists, and then they would interview someone, while getting increasingly sloshed, the guest and the two hosts, and they would get increasingly sloshed, and the questions would become more and more but, I mean, they were very successful. They had, they were on WNYC. They had Hillary Clinton on when she was running for president. So, like, it this, this is the kind of thing I’m saying. Like, I’m not saying everyone should drink in podcasts. Us. No, let’s be clear. That’s not my message. Yeah, my message is, what makes your podcast, what makes you distinct in the way you’re delivering your podcast? What is your framing device? What is the lens that you’re bringing to it? Christian Klepp  35:12 Yeah, right, yeah. No, no, I hear you. I hear you. Jen Moss  35:15 Yeah. So I think those would be my biggest pieces of advice. Is just to spend the time trying to, trying to position yourself differently. Christian Klepp  35:25 No, fantastic, fantastic. It reminds me of, I think the show was called in the Hot Seat, and it was by a cyber security firm, and they were, they were bringing in somebody that was, and I didn’t actually realize there was such a role, but this is the person that’s actually responsible for negotiating with cyber criminals. Jen Moss  35:45 Whoa, that’s I’m immediately interested. Christian Klepp  35:48 That’s a pretty intense job, right? So, yeah, when they have all that ransomware and what have you right? So this is the guy that negotiates like, release all our release all our data, right? So anyways, the host asks him the questions, and with every question, they’re basically eating chicken wings with a different type of hot sauce. Jen Moss  36:10 Oh, yeah, yeah. Christian Klepp  36:11 And the more intense question, yeah, Jen Moss  36:14 Hot ones, yeah, yeah, yeah. Christian Klepp  36:15 The more intense the question gets, the hotter the sauce becomes. Jen Moss  36:19 Yes. That’s a great show. It’s they have all kinds of interesting people on it, and it’s interesting to watch people’s reactions shift as they get more and more overwhelmed by heat. Yeah. So that’s another super example of a framing device. I mean, arguably, that one’s a bit of a gimmick. Christian Klepp  36:36 Sure. Jen Moss  36:37 You don’t necessarily need to do something that obvious. It might be something like, on this show, we always ask a certain question, or we’re always trying to get at sort of, I would call it like, the the underlying idea of this show is we’re always trying to expose this concept, like, maybe you’re trying to prove that work life balance is important, and that’s your overarching goal, and that’s the lens that you bring to your to your all of your conversations that you have. So every time you’re able to, you bring up that theme in some way and explore it with a new guest. So just whatever it is, whatever the lens is, or the device that you’re framing with, it’s just important to be intentional about that? Christian Klepp  37:21 Yeah, absolutely, absolutely. All right, Jen, I have a feeling that you’ve been on your soapbox this whole time, but please just stay up there a while longer, while I ask you this question. All right, and a status quo in your area of expertise that you passionately disagree with and why? Jen Moss  37:40 Okay, well, right now there’s, am I allowed to mention the AI (Artificial Intelligence) please? Christian Klepp  37:49 Absolutely. Jen Moss  37:49 Okay. Well, right now there’s a lot of discussion around AI driven content, and one of the ways that it’s being sort of sold to people in the industry is that it will allow you to put out more content quicker. And I can see lots of advantages to AI in the production pipeline. For example, it can be helpful with research if you’re as long as you double fact check it. It can be helpful with correcting certain things in editing. You know, if a host mispronounces a word, or you need to do like, you need to remove some background noise. AI tools can be really, really helpful. So I’m not knocking ai i i teach it. For example, I teach creative writing for new media, and I’m very interested. I’m currently building an AI VR (Virtual Reality) poetry machine with some students. So, you know, I spent a lot of time thinking about AI, and I like it and hate it. It’s a double edged sword. But what I don’t agree with is that we should be measuring the efficacy of a tool based on how fast and how often it allows us to put out content. I just don’t think that an onslaught of mediocre content is what people want. I think it’s killing the internet. Corey Doctorow would say he would call it the in shittification of the internet. And it is already, it is already happening, right? He got check it out. He’s got a book out. Christian Klepp  39:22 Okay. Jen Moss  39:22 And so that’s, you know, that’s what I worry about, is that it’s becoming like a big content hose. And so then I actually believe that the way forward, in order to actually have your message heard and received by your intended audience is to really hold on to that authenticity piece. I would rather see people do things less often, but do them better and remember that quality matters. And if we can’t remember that, then the internet is just going to be a bunch of bots talking to each other, and it’s just stupid. I just think it’s stupid. So that’s the that’s, that’s, if you know, not to put too fine a point on it, podcasting is, is not about efficiency. It’s about communication. It’s about connection. It’s about contact. It’s about humans talking to humans. And if it’s, if you fail to recognize that it’s sort of at your peril, you know, Christian Klepp  40:23 Absolutely, absolutely. And I mean, it goes back to the point you were making at the beginning of this conversation. I mean, if you want to create a show that stands out and that’s different, right, then you probably shouldn’t be churning out vanilla content, right? Using AI. Jen Moss  40:39 Doesn’t work. Christian Klepp  40:39 That’s not the way to do it, right? Jen Moss  40:41 Go ahead, but no one will listen to it. So you’ll be able to be like, Look, I I tick, tick, tick. I put out this many episodes, or this many social media clips, or whatever it is. But what’s what are your consumption rates like? Are the right? Are the right people finding your content? Are they engaging with you? Is it moving the needle for you in terms of your goals, the job of the podcast? Like these are all the things that people really need to consider before they sort of hop on the AI bus, I think. And again, I’m not a Luddite, yeah. I use AI daily despite its rather terrifying environmental impact, yeah, yeah, but it’s become almost a ubiquitous tool that’s difficult to avoid in our line of work. But I do think that some people are really taking it too far, and it’s because they’re misunderstood. They’re misunderstanding the mission. The mission is not volume and efficiency. The mission is connection. Christian Klepp  41:41 Absolutely, absolutely Jen, wow. What a conversation. Well, at the very least this episode is not boring, right? Jen Moss  41:50 Like, I mean, I don’t know, ask my ask my 20 something daughter. Christian Klepp  41:58 Different strokes are different folks, I’m gonna say, but thank thank you so much for coming on and for sharing your expertise and experience with the listeners. So please, a quick introduction to yourself and how folks out there can get in touch. Jen Moss  42:09 with you. Oh, so the best way to get in touch with me would probably be through the JAR podcasts website, jarpodcasts.com and I’m also just Jen@jarpodcasts.com. Christian Klepp  42:22 Fantastic, fantastic. Once again. Jen Moss, thank you for your time. Take care, stay safe and talk to you soon. Jen Moss  42:29 Awesome. Thank you. Okay. Christian Klepp  42:30 Bye, for now. Jen Moss  42:31 Bye.

This week we're looking at government plans to start sequencing the DNA of every newborn baby in England within the next decade. Each newborn would undergo whole genome sequencing to assess their risk of hundreds of diseases, under NHS plans.It promises a revolution in spotting disease early - but are there also risks?And use of nicotine pouches is rising, especially among young men. But these little sachets that fit under the top lip aren't yet regulated – so what do we know about the potential harms? Finally, as the cold weather continues, James gets a lesson in walking like a penguin to see if it helps avoid trips, slips and falls… Presenter: James Gallagher Producers: Tom Bonnett, Alice-Lipscombe-Southwell and Thomas Hunt Production coordinator: Stuart Laws Content editor: Ilan Goodman

Alberto Ciccia, Professor of Genetics and Development at Columbia University, joins us to discuss how cells protect their genomes and how these pathways intersect with cancer and immunity. He explains how his lab uses CRISPR-based genome-editing tools to map the DNA damage response and uncover new therapeutic targets. We also talk about his recent Cell study showing how the DNA damage response factor SMARCAL1 shapes immune signaling and tumor immune evasion. Throughout the conversation, Professor Ciccia reflects on mentorship, scientific creativity, and how advances in DNA repair research could translate into better diagnostics and treatments for patients.Hosted by Sophia Deng.

Dramatic advances in ancient DNA technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the human past. As part of the CARTA symposium on Ancient DNA, the panelists answer questions about the diverse applications of archaeogenomics in shaping not only a new vision of the human past, but also in creating a greater understanding of the present and our shared human future. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41202]

Dramatic advances in ancient DNA technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the human past. As part of the CARTA symposium on Ancient DNA, the panelists answer questions about the diverse applications of archaeogenomics in shaping not only a new vision of the human past, but also in creating a greater understanding of the present and our shared human future. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41202]

Dramatic advances in ancient DNA technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the human past. As part of the CARTA symposium on Ancient DNA, the panelists answer questions about the diverse applications of archaeogenomics in shaping not only a new vision of the human past, but also in creating a greater understanding of the present and our shared human future. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41202]

Dramatic advances in ancient DNA technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the human past. As part of the CARTA symposium on Ancient DNA, the panelists answer questions about the diverse applications of archaeogenomics in shaping not only a new vision of the human past, but also in creating a greater understanding of the present and our shared human future. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41202]

Dramatic advances in ancient DNA technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the human past. As part of the CARTA symposium on Ancient DNA, the panelists answer questions about the diverse applications of archaeogenomics in shaping not only a new vision of the human past, but also in creating a greater understanding of the present and our shared human future. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41202]

In this episode of the Epigenetics Podcast, we talked with Peggy Farnham from the Keck School of Medicine at USC about her work on establishing the ChIP Method in mammalian cells. In this episode, we dive into the relationship between transcription factors, chromatin dynamics, and gene expression with Professor Peggy Farnham from the Keck School of Medicine at USC. Professor Farnham shares her profound insights into how her groundbreaking research has reshaped our understanding of gene regulation and its implications in cancer. We explore how she has been a pioneer in mapping the genome-wide landscape of regulatory proteins, illuminating the molecular logic behind transcriptional control and its disruption in cancer biology. The interview starts with her instrumental role in adapting chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) technology from yeast to human cells. Professor Farnham reflects on the technical challenges she faced during this transition, such as the quest for visibility of signals in mammalian systems. Her ability to innovate and troubleshoot challenges led to significant advancements in techniques that allow for the rapid identification of transcription factor binding sites, fundamentally changing the landscape of epigenetic research. As the discussion progresses, we learn about Professor Farnham's active involvement in the ENCODE project, where she contributed to high-resolution mapping of transcription factors and regulatory elements in human cells. She articulates her appreciation for collaborative efforts in science, highlighting how working within a consortium harnesses the collective expertise of diverse research groups. This collaboration not only bolstered the credibility of the data produced but also propelled the field forward in understanding the complexity of gene regulation. Through her participation in various projects, such as the Psyc-ENCODE consortium and the Roadmap Epigenome Mapping Consortium, Professor Farnham shares insights into her investigation of epigenetic variations, particularly in relation to complex disorders like schizophrenia. Her findings underscore the nuances of enhancer variability among individuals and the implications for understanding disease mechanisms, thereby advancing our knowledge of genetic regulation and its contributions to diverse biological outcomes. Moreover, the episode highlights Professor Farnham's reflective understanding of emerging technologies in the field. She discusses the evolution of methods that allow researchers to investigate gene regulation at single-cell resolution, recognizing the significant implications these innovations have for our comprehension of cellular differentiation and the transcriptional landscape. References Weinmann AS, Bartley SM, Zhang T, Zhang MQ, Farnham PJ. Use of chromatin immunoprecipitation to clone novel E2F target promoters. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 2001 Oct;21(20):6820-6832. DOI: 10.1128/mcb.21.20.6820-6832.2001. PMID: 11564866; PMCID: PMC99859. Wells J, Farnham PJ. Characterizing transcription factor binding sites using formaldehyde crosslinking and immunoprecipitation. Methods (San Diego, Calif.). 2002 Jan;26(1):48-56. DOI: 10.1016/s1046-2023(02)00007-5. PMID: 12054904. Rhie SK, Schreiner S, Witt H, et al. Using 3D epigenomic maps of primary olfactory neuronal cells from living individuals to understand gene regulation. Science Advances. 2018 Dec;4(12):eaav8550. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav8550. PMID: 30555922; PMCID: PMC6292713. Tak YG, Hung Y, Yao L, et al. Effects on the transcriptome upon deletion of a distal element cannot be predicted by the size of the H3K27Ac peak in human cells. Nucleic Acids Research. 2016 May;44(9):4123-4133. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv1530. PMID: 26743005; PMCID: PMC4872074. Related Episodes The Effect of lncRNAs on Chromatin and Gene Regulation (John Rinn) CpG Islands, DNA Methylation, and Disease (Sir Adrian Bird) The Future of Protein–DNA Mapping (Mitch Guttman) MLL Proteins in Mixed-Lineage Leukemia (Yali Dou) Contact Epigenetics Podcast on Mastodon Epigenetics Podcast on Bluesky Dr. Stefan Dillinger on LinkedIn Active Motif on LinkedIn Active Motif on Bluesky Email: podcast@activemotif.com

In this special episode, recorded live at the 2025 Genomics England Research Summit, host Adam Clatworthy is joined by parents, clinicians and researchers to explore the long, uncertain and often emotional journey to a genetic diagnosis. Together, they go behind the science to share what it means to live with uncertainty, how results like variants of uncertain significance (VUS) are experienced by families, and why communication and support matter just as much as genomic testing and research. The panel discuss the challenges families face when a diagnosis remains out of reach, the role of research in refining and revisiting results over time, and how collaboration between researchers, clinicians and participants could help shorten diagnostic journeys in the future. Joining Adam Clatworthy, Vice-Chair for the Participant Panel, on this episode are: Emma Baple – Clinical geneticist and Medical Director, South West Genomic Laboratory Hub  Jamie Ellingford – Lead genomic data scientist, Genomics England  Jo Wright – Member of the Participant Panel and Parent Representative for SWAN UK  Lisa Beaton - Member of the Participant Panel and Parent Representative for SWAN UK  Linked below are the episodes mentioned in the episode:  What is the diagnostic odyssey?  What is a Variant of Uncertain Significance?  Visit the Genomics England Research Summit website, to get your ticket to this years event. You can download the transcript, or read it below. Sharon: Hello, and welcome to Behind the Genes. My name is Sharon Jones and today we're bringing you a special episode recorded live from our Research Summit held in June this year. The episode features a panel conversation hosted by Adam Clatworthy, Vice-Chair of the Participant Panel. Our guests explore navigating the diagnostic odyssey, the often-complex journey to reaching a genetic diagnosis. If you'd like to know more about what the diagnostic odyssey is, check our bitesize explainer episode, ‘What is the Diagnostic Odyssey?' linked in the episode description. In today's episode you may hear our guests refer to ‘VUS' which stands for a variant of uncertain significance. This is when a genetic variant is identified, but its precise impact is not yet known. You can learn more about these in another one of our explainer episodes, “What is a Variant of Uncertain Significance?” And now over to Adam. -- Adam: Welcome, everyone, thanks for joining this session. I'm always really humbled by the lived experiences and the journeys behind the stories that we talk about at these conferences, so I'm really delighted to be hosting this panel session. It's taking us behind the science, it's really focusing on the people behind the data and the lived experiences of all the individuals and the families who are really navigating this system, trying to find answers and really aiming to get a diagnosis – that has to be the end goal. We know it's not the silver bullet, but it has to be the goal so that everyone can get that diagnosis and get that clarity and what this means for their medical care moving forwards.    So, today we're really going to aim to demystify what this diagnostic odyssey is, challenging the way researchers and clinicians often discuss long diagnostic journeys, and we'll really talk about the vital importance of research in improving diagnoses, discussing the challenges that limit the impact of emerging research for families on this odyssey and the opportunities for progress. So, we've got an amazing panel here. Rather than me trying to introduce you, I think it's great if you could just introduce yourselves, and Lisa, I'll start with you. Lisa: Hi, I'm Lisa Beaton and I am the parent of a child with an unknown, thought to be neuromuscular, disease. I joined the patient Participant Panel 2 years ago now and I'm also a Parent Representative for SWAN UK, which stands of Syndromes Without A Name. I have 4 children who have all come with unique and wonderful bits and pieces, but it's our daughter who's the most complicated. Adam:  Thank you. Over to you, Jo. Jo:  Hi, I'm Jo Wright, I am the parent of a child with an undiagnosed genetic condition.  So I've got an 11-year-old daughter. 100,000 Genomes gave us a VUS, which we're still trying to find the research for and sort of what I'll talk about in a bit.  And I've also got a younger daughter. I joined the Participant Panel just back in December. I'm also a Parent Rep for SWAN UK, so Lisa and I have known each other for quite a while through that. Adam:  Thank you, Jo.  And, Jamie, you're going to be covering both the research and the clinician side and you kind of wear 2 hats, so, yeah, over to you. Jamie:  Hi, everyone, so I'm Jamie Ellingford and, as Adam alluded to, I'm fortunate and I get to wear 2 hats. So, one of those hats is that I'm Lead Genomic Data Scientist for Rare Disease at Genomics England and so work as part of a really talented team of scientists and engineers to help develop our bioinformatic pipelines, so computational processes. I work as part of a team of scientists and software engineers to develop the computation pipelines that we apply at Genomics England as part of the National Health Service, so the Genomic Medicine Service that families get referred to and recruited to, and we try to develop and improve those. So that's one of my hats. And the second of those is I am a researcher, I'm an academic at the University of Manchester, and there I work really closely with some of the clinical teams in the North West to try and understand a little bit more about the functional impact of genomic variants on kind of how things happen in a cell. So, we can explore a little bit more about that but essentially, it's to provide a little bit more colour as to the impact that that genomic variant is having. Adam: Great, thank you, Jamie. Over to you, Emma. Emma: My name's Emma Baple, I'm an academic clinical geneticist in Exeter but I'm also the Medical Director of the South West genomic laboratory hub, so that's the Exeter and Bristol Genomics Laboratory. And I wear several other hats, including helping NHS England as the National Specialty Advisor for Genomics. Adam: Thank you all for being here. I think it's really important before we get into the questions just to ground ourselves in like those lived experiences that yourself and Jo and going through. So, Lisa, I'm going to start with you. The term ‘diagnostic odyssey' gets bandied around a lot, we hear about it so many times, but how does that reflect your experience that you've been through and what would you like researchers and clinicians to understand about this journey that you're on, essentially? Lisa: So I think ours is less an odyssey and more of a roller-coaster, and I say that because we sort of first started on a genetic journey, as it were, when my daughter was 9 weeks of age and she's now 16½ – the half's very important – and we still have no answers. And we've sort of come a bit backwards to this because when she was 6 months old Great Ormond Street Hospital felt very strongly that they knew exactly what was wrong with her and it was just a case of kind of confirmation by genetics. And then they sent off for a lot of different myasthenia panel genes, all of which came back negative, and so having been told, “Yes, it's definitely a myasthenia, we just need to know which one it is,” at 4 years of age that was removed and it was all of a sudden like, “Yeah, thanks, sorry.” And that was really hard actually because we felt we'd had somewhere to hang our hat and a cohort of people with very similar issues with their children, and then all of a sudden we were told, “No, no, that's not where you belong” and that was a really isolating experience. I can remember sort of saying to the neuromuscular team, “Well is it still neuromuscular in that case?” and there was a lot of shrugging of shoulders, and it just…  We felt like not only had we only just got on board the life raft, then we'd been chucked out, and we didn't even have a floaty. And in many ways I think I have made peace with the fact that we don't have a genetic diagnosis for our daughter but it doesn't get easier in that she has her own questions and my older children – one getting married in August who's already sort of said to me, you know, “Does this have implications for when we have children?”  And those are all questions I can't answer so that's really hard. Adam:  Thank you, Lisa. Yourself, Jo, how would you describe the odyssey that you're currently experiencing? Jo: So my daughter was about one when I started really noticing that she was having regressions. They were kind of there beforehand but, I really noticed them when she was one, and that's when I went to the GP and then got referred to the paediatrician. So initially we had genetic tests for things like Rett syndrome and Angelman syndrome, which they were all negative, and then we got referred on to the tertiary hospital and then went into 100,000 Genomes. So we enrolled in 100,000 Genomes at the beginning of 2017, and we got our results in April of 2020, so obviously that was quite a fraught time. Getting our results was probably not as you would want to do it because it was kind of over the phone and then a random letter. So, what I was told in that letter was that a variant of uncertain significance had been identified and they wanted to do further research to see if it might be more significant. So we were to be enrolled into another research project called Splicing and Disease, which wasn't active at the time because everything had been put on hold for COVID, but eventually we went into that. So, I didn't know what the gene was at that point, when I eventually got the form for going to get her bloods done…  So that went off and then that came back and the geneticist said, “That gives us some indication that it is significant.” So, since that point it's been trying to find more information and research to be able to make it a diagnosis. There have been 2 sort of key things that have happened towards that but we're still not there. So one of the things is that a research paper came out earlier this year so that's kind of a little bit more evidence, it's not going to give us a diagnosis but it kind of, you know, sits there. And the other thing is that my geneticist said, “Actually, yeah, it looks like it's an important change.”  That's as far as we've got. So we've still got work to do to make it a diagnosis or not.  Obviously if it is a diagnosis, it is still a one-of-a-kind diagnosis, so it doesn't give me a group to join or that kind of thing. But now I've got that research paper that I've read and read, and asked ChatGPT to verify that I've understood it right in some places, you know, with the faith that we put into ChatGPT (laughs), I've got a better understanding and I've got something now that I can look back on, the things that happened when my daughter was one, 2, 3, 4 and her development was all over the place and people thought that I was slightly crazy for the things I was saying, that “Actually, no, I can see what's happening.” So, it's like the picture's starting to come into focus but there's work to do. I haven't got a timeframe on that, I don't know when it's going to come together. And I always say that I'm a prolific stalker of the postman; ever since our first genetic tests you're just constantly waiting for the letters to drop through the door. So a diagnostic odyssey to me is just waiting for random events. Adam: I think what you've both kind of really clearly elaborated on is how you're the ones that are having to navigate this journey, you're the ones that are trying to piece this puzzle together, and the amount of time you're investing, all whilst navigating and looking after your child and trying to cope with the daily lived experience as well. And something you've both touched on that I'd love to draw out more is about how exactly was the information shared with you about the lack of diagnosis or the VUS or what's going on, because in our case you get this bit of paper through the post that has all these numbers and it's written in clinical speak and we had no conversation with the geneticist or the doctors. You see this bit of paper and you're reading it, scared for what the future will hold for your child, but I'd love to know like how were you communicated whilst all this is going on, how did you actually find out the next steps or any kind of future guidance. Lisa: So I think in our case we kept sort of going onto neuromuscular appointments, and I think for probably the first 5 years of my daughter's life I kind of had this very naïve thought that every time we turned up to an appointment it would be ‘the one' and then…   I think it would've been really helpful actually in those initial stages if they had said to us, “Actually, we don't know when this is going to happen, if it's even going to happen, you need to kind of prepare yourself for that.” It sounds fairly obvious to say but you don't know what you don't know. And in some ways we were getting genetic test results back for some really quite horrible things and they would tell us, “Oh it's good news, this mitochondrial disorder hasn't come up,” and so part of you is like, “Yay!” but then another part of you is thinking, “Well if it's not that what is it?” And we've very much kind of danced around and still don't really have an answer to whether it's life-limiting. We know it's potentially life-threatening and we have certain protocols, but even that is tricky. We live in North Yorkshire, and our local hospital are amazing. Every time we go in, if it's anything gastro-related, they say to me, “What's the protocol from Great Ormond Street?” and I say, “We don't have one” (laughs) and that always causes some fun. We try to stay out of hospitals as much as we absolutely can and do what we can at home but, equally, there's a point where, you know, we have to be guided by where we're going with her, with the path, and lots of phone calls backwards and forwards, and then is it going to be a transfer down to Great Ormond Street to manage it. And actually the way I found out that nothing had been found from 100,000 Genomes was in a passing conversation when we had been transferred down to Great Ormond Street and we'd been an inpatient for about 6 weeks and the geneticist said to me, “So obviously with you not having a diagnosis from the 100,000 Genomes…” and I said, “Sorry?  Sorry, what was that?  You've had the information back?”  And she said, “Well, yes, did nobody write to you?” and I said, “No, and clearly by my shock and surprise.” And she was a bit taken aback by that, but it happened yet again 2 years later (laughs) when she said, “Well you know everything's been reanalysed” and I said, “No.”  (Laughs)  And, so that's very much, it still feels an awful lot like I'm doing the heavy lifting because we're under lots of different teams and even when they're working at the same hospital they don't talk to each other. And I do understand that they're specialists within their own right, but nobody is really looking at my daughter holistically, and there are things that kind of interrelate across.    And at one of the talks I attended this morning they were talking about the importance of quality of life, and I think that is something that has to be so much more focused on because it's hard enough living without a diagnosis, but when you're living with a bunch of symptoms that, I think the best way I can describe it is at the moment we've got the spokes of the umbrella but we don't have the wrapper, and we don't know where we're going with it. We can't answer her questions, we can't even necessarily know that we're using the most effective treatments and therapies for her, and she's frustrated by that now, being 16, in her own right, as well as we are. And I'm panicking about the navigation towards Adult Services as well because at the minute at least we have a clinical lead in our amazing local paediatrician but of course once we hit and move into that we won't even have him and that's a really scary place to be, I think. Adam: Jo, is there anything you wanted to add on that in terms of how you've been communicated to whilst all this is going on? Jo: Yeah, so I think part of what makes it difficult is if you're across different hospitals because they're not necessarily going to see the same information. So obviously it was a bit of a different time when I got our results, but I got our results on a virtual appointment with a neurologist in one hospital, in the tertiary hospital, and because he could see the screen because it was the same hospital as genetics, and he said, “Oh you've got this” and then the letter came through later. When I had my next appointment with the neurologist in our primary hospital, or secondary care, whatever it's called, in that hospital, he hadn't seen that, so I'm telling him the results, which isn't ideal, but it happens quite a lot. What I think is quite significant to me is the reaction to that VUS.  I have to give it, the doctors that look after my daughter are brilliant, and I'm not criticising them in any way but their reaction to a VUS is “I'm so grateful for the persistence to get to a diagnosis.” Neurologists are a bit more like “Oh it's a VUS so it might be significant, it might be nothing.” Actually, as a patient, as in a parent, you actually want to know is it significant or not, “Do I look at it or not?” And, I mean, like I said, there were no research papers to look at before anyway until a few months ago so I didn't have anything to look at, but I didn't want to look at it either because you don't want to send yourself off down a path. But I think that collective sort of idea that once someone gets a VUS we need a pathway for it, “What do we do with it, what expectation do we set the patients up with and what is the pathway for actually researching further?” because this is where we really need the research. Adam:  Thank you, Jo. So, Emma, over to you in terms of how best do you think clinicians can actually support patients at navigating this odyssey and what's the difference between an initial diagnosis and a final diagnosis and how do you then communicate that effectively to the patients and their family?   Emma: So I think a key thing for me, and it's come up just now again, is that you need to remember as a doctor that the things you say at critical times in a patient's or parent's journeys they will remember – they'll remember it word for word even though you won't – and thinking about how to do that in the most sensitive, empathetic, calm, not rushed way is absolutely key.   And there are some difficulties with that when you're in a very high-pressure environment but it is absolutely crucial, that when you are communicating information about test results, when you're talking about doing the test in the first place, you're consenting the family, you're explaining what you're trying to do and those conditions, you balance how much information you give people.    So, you were talking earlier about “So you haven't got this diagnosis, you haven't got that diagnosis,” I often think it's…  We're often testing for numerous different conditions at the same time, I couldn't even list them all to the parents of the children or the patient that I'm testing. It's key to try and provide enough information without overwhelming people with so much information and information on specific conditions you are just thinking about as a potential.  Sometimes very low down your list actually but you can test for them.    Because people go home and they use the internet and they look things up and they get very, very worried about things. So, for me it's trying to provide bite-sized amounts of information, give it the time it deserves, and support people through that journey, tell them honestly what you think the chance of finding a diagnosis is. If you think it's unlikely or you think you know, sharing that information with family is helpful.   Around uncertainty, I find that a particular challenge. So, I think we've moved from a time when we used to, in this country, declare every variant we identified with an uncertain significance. Now, if we remember that we've all got 5 million variants in our genome, we've all got hundreds and hundreds… thousands and thousands, in fact, of variants of uncertain significance in our genetic code. And actually, unless you think a variant of uncertain significance genuinely does have a probability of being the cause of a child's or a patient's condition, sharing that information can be quite harmful to people.    We did a really interesting survey once when we were writing the guidelines for reporting variants of uncertain significance a few years ago. We asked the laboratories about their view of variants of uncertain significance and we asked the clinicians, and the scientists said, “We report variants of uncertain significance because the clinicians want them” and the clinicians said, “If the labs put the variant of uncertain significance on the report it must be important.” And of course, if you're a parent, if the doctor's told you the variant is a variant of uncertain significance of course you think it's important.    So, we should only be sharing that information, in my opinion, if it genuinely does have a high likelihood of being important and there are things that we can do. And taking people through that journey with you, with the degree of likelihood, the additional tests you need to do and explaining to them whether or not you think you will ever clarify that, is really, really key because it's very often that they become the diagnosis for the family.  Did I cover everything you think's important, both of you?  Lisa: I think the one thing I would say is that when you are patient- or parent-facing, the first time that you deliver that news to the parent… you may have delivered that piece of news multiple times and none of us sit there expecting you to kind of be overcome with emotion or anything like that but, in the same way that perhaps you would've had some nerves when, particularly if it was a diagnosis of something that was unpleasant, you know, to hold onto that kind of humanity and humility. Because for those patients and parents hearing that news, that is the only time they're ever hearing that, and the impact of that, and also, they're going on about with their day, you don't know what else they're doing, what they're juggling.    We're not asking you all to be responsible for kind of, you know, parcelling us up and whatnot but the way information is imparted to us is literally that thing we are all hanging our hats on, and when we're in this kind of uncertainty, from my personal experience I'm uncomfortable, I like to be able to plan, I'm a planner, I'm a researcher, I like to sort of look it up to the nth degree and that, and sitting in a place without any of that is, it's quite a difficult place to be. And it's not necessarily good news for those parents when a test comes back negative, because if it's not that then what is it, and that also leaves you feeling floundering and very isolated at times.  Adam: Yeah, and you touched upon the danger of like giving too much information or pushing families down a particular route, and then you have to pull them out of it when it's not that.   You talked about the experience you had, you felt like you'd found your home and then it's like, “Well, no, no, sorry, actually we don't think it's that.” And you've invested all of your time and your emotion into being part of that group and then you're kind of taken away again. So it's to the point where you have to be really sure before you then communicate to the families, and obviously in the meantime the families are like, “We just need to know something, we need to know,” and it's that real fine line, isn't it?    But, Jamie, over to you. Just thinking about the evolving nature of genomic diagnosis, what role does research play in refining or confirming a diagnosis over time?  Jamie: So it's really, really difficult actually to be able to kind of pinpoint one or 2 things that we could do as a community of researchers to help that journey, but perhaps I could reflect on a couple of things that I've seen happen over time which we think will improve things. And one of that's going back to the discussion that we've just had about how we classify genetic variants. And so, behind that kind of variant of uncertain significance there is a huge amount of effort and emotion from a scientist's side as well because I think many of the scientists, if not all, realise what impact that's going to have on the families.   And what we've tried to do as a community is to make sure that we are reproducible, and if you were to have your data analysed in the North West of England versus the South West that actually you'd come out with the same answer. And in order to do that we need guidance, we need recommendations, we need things that assist the scientists to actually classify those variants.  And so, what we have at the moment is a 5 point scale which ranges from benign to likely benign, variant of uncertain significance, unlikely pathogenic variant and pathogenic variant. It's objective as to how we classify a variant into one of those groups and so it's not just a gut feeling from a scientist, it's kind of recordable measurable evidence that they can provide to assist that classification.   So in many instances what that does is provide some uncertainty, as we've just heard, because it falls into that zone of variant of uncertain significance but what that also does is provide a framework in which we can generate more evidence to be able to classify it in one direction or another to become likely pathogenic or to become likely benign. And as a research community we're equipped with that understanding –– and not always with the tools but that's a developing area – to be able to do more about it.   What that doesn't mean is that if we generate that evidence that it can translate back into the clinic, and actually that's perhaps an area that we should discuss more. But kind of just generating that evidence isn't always enough and being able to have those routes to be able to translate back that into the hands of the clinicians, the clinical scientists, etc, is another challenge. Adam:  And how do you think we can drive progress in research to deliver these answers faster, to really try and shorten those diagnostic journeys, like what are the recommendations that you would say there? Jamie:  So being able to use the Genomics England data that's in the National Genomic Reference Library, as well as kind of other resources, has really transformed what we can do as researchers because it enables teams across the UK, across the world to work with data that otherwise they wouldn't be able to work with.   Behind that there's an infrastructure where if researchers find something which they think is of interest that can be reported back, it can be curated and analysed by teams at Genomics England and, where appropriate, kind of transferred to the clinical teams that have referred that family. And so having that pathway is great but there's still more that we can do about this. You know, it's reliant on things going through a very kind of fixed system and making sure that clinicians don't lose contact with families – you know, people move, they move locations, etc. And so, I think a lot of it is logistical and making sure that the right information can get to the right people, but it all falls under this kind of umbrella of being able to translate those research findings, where appropriate, into clinical reporting.   Adam:  Thank you. And, Emma, is there anything you would add in terms of like any key challenges that you think need to be overcome just to try and shorten the journeys as much as possible and find the answers to get a diagnosis?  Emma: I think trying to bridge that gap between some of the new technologies and new approaches that we've got that we can access in a research context and bringing those into diagnostics is a key area to try to reduce that diagnostic odyssey, so I really want to see the NHS continuing to support those sorts of initiatives.   We're very lucky, as Jamie said, the National Genomic Research Library has been fundamental for being able to reduce the diagnostic odyssey for large numbers of patients, not just in this country but around the world, and so trying to kind of look at how we might add additional data into the NGRL, use other research opportunities that we have in a more synergistic way with diagnostics I think is probably key to being able to do that.    We are very lucky in this country with the infrastructure that we've got and the fact that everything is so joined up. We're able to provide different opportunities in genomics for patients with rare conditions that aren't so available elsewhere in the world.  Adam: Great, thank you. I think we're it for time, so thank you very much to the panel. And I'd just say that if you do have any further questions for ourselves as participants then we're only too happy to pick those up. Thank you for lasting with us ‘til the end of the day and hope to see you soon.  -- Sharon: A huge thank you to our panel, Adam Clatworthy, Emma Baple, Jo Wright, Lisa Beaton and Jamie Ellingford, for sharing their insights and experiences. Each year at the summit, the Behind the Genes stage hosts podcast style conversations, bringing together researchers, clinicians and participants to discuss key topics in genomics.  If you're interested in attending a future Genomics England Research Summit, keep an eye out on our socials. If you'd like to hear more conversations like this, please like and subscribe to Behind the Genes on your favourite podcast app. Thank you for listening.    I've been your host, Sharon Jones. The podcast was edited by Bill Griffin at Ventoux Digital and produced by Deanna Barac.

Africa is often described as a continent of extremes. Vast deserts give way to lush rainforests; humid coastlines sit beside high, cool plateaus; ancient savannas stretch for thousands of kilometers. Life in Africa has always existed at the edge of change, shaped by heat and drought, abundance and scarcity. Survival here has never been guaranteed, it has had to be earned, generation by generation, through adaptation. Nowhere is this long story of adjustment and resilience written more clearly than in DNA.

Has Modern Technology Killed Evolution?  Modern advancements allow us to live in extreme environments and survive conditions that would've once  been fatal. Do these technological leaps mean our species has finally bypassed the ancient laws of biological evolution? Our expert explains how our unique development might actually be working in harmony with these environmental pressures rather than against them.Guest: Steve Reilly, PhD, assistant professor of genetics, Yale School of Medicine The Schizophrenia Spectrum: Early Warning Signs And Vague Symptoms  While Hollywood often portrays schizophrenia in its most extreme form, the actual progression of the disorder is much different than what we see on screen. This week, our expert explains why these symptoms are frequently misdiagnosed, how they can affect anyone under the right neurological conditions, and why identifying early warning signs is the most effective way to change the long-term outlook for patients.Guest: Dr. Christopher Correll, professor of psychiatry, Zucker School of Medicine, chief medical officer, MedLin Medical Notes: How Cancer Hijacks Our Internal Clock, The Dangers Of Dirt, And Is Alcohol Ever Good For You?  How cancer hijacks our internal clock. Why we should be wary of dirt. Science may have found a cure for nightmares. Is alcohol ever good for you? Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Has Modern Technology Killed Evolution?  Modern advancements allow us to live in extreme environments and survive conditions that would've once  been fatal. Do these technological leaps mean our species has finally bypassed the ancient laws of biological evolution? Our expert explains how our unique development might actually be working in harmony with these environmental pressures rather than against them.Guests: Steve Reilly, PhD, assistant professor of genetics, Yale School of MedicineHost: Elizabeth WestfieldProducer: Kristen Farrah Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

The human genetic history of South Asia has been shaped by its pivotal location at the crossroads of East and West Eurasia, dramatic landscapes such as the Himalayas, and longstanding socio-cultural practices like endogamy. A consequence is the diversity of East and West Eurasian genetic ancestral lineages found in South Asians today. Maanasa Raghavan, professor at the University of Chicago, explains that the increasing genome-wide data from ancient and present-day humans are providing emerging insights into the demographic processes that underlie present-day genetic diversity of South Asians and how they interface with evidence from archaeology, anthropology, linguistics, and oral histories. Human history in South Asia is also closely intertwined with the animals that humans domesticated, traded, and moved with them, offering yet another window into the dynamics of human mobility and connectivity in the past. Raghavanon's talk focuses on ancient and modern DNA insights into the origins of present-day human genetic diversity in South Asia, evolutionary history of domesticates, and broader implications for our understanding of human movements and interactions across Eurasia. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41200]

The human genetic history of South Asia has been shaped by its pivotal location at the crossroads of East and West Eurasia, dramatic landscapes such as the Himalayas, and longstanding socio-cultural practices like endogamy. A consequence is the diversity of East and West Eurasian genetic ancestral lineages found in South Asians today. Maanasa Raghavan, professor at the University of Chicago, explains that the increasing genome-wide data from ancient and present-day humans are providing emerging insights into the demographic processes that underlie present-day genetic diversity of South Asians and how they interface with evidence from archaeology, anthropology, linguistics, and oral histories. Human history in South Asia is also closely intertwined with the animals that humans domesticated, traded, and moved with them, offering yet another window into the dynamics of human mobility and connectivity in the past. Raghavanon's talk focuses on ancient and modern DNA insights into the origins of present-day human genetic diversity in South Asia, evolutionary history of domesticates, and broader implications for our understanding of human movements and interactions across Eurasia. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41200]

The human genetic history of South Asia has been shaped by its pivotal location at the crossroads of East and West Eurasia, dramatic landscapes such as the Himalayas, and longstanding socio-cultural practices like endogamy. A consequence is the diversity of East and West Eurasian genetic ancestral lineages found in South Asians today. Maanasa Raghavan, professor at the University of Chicago, explains that the increasing genome-wide data from ancient and present-day humans are providing emerging insights into the demographic processes that underlie present-day genetic diversity of South Asians and how they interface with evidence from archaeology, anthropology, linguistics, and oral histories. Human history in South Asia is also closely intertwined with the animals that humans domesticated, traded, and moved with them, offering yet another window into the dynamics of human mobility and connectivity in the past. Raghavanon's talk focuses on ancient and modern DNA insights into the origins of present-day human genetic diversity in South Asia, evolutionary history of domesticates, and broader implications for our understanding of human movements and interactions across Eurasia. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41200]

The human genetic history of South Asia has been shaped by its pivotal location at the crossroads of East and West Eurasia, dramatic landscapes such as the Himalayas, and longstanding socio-cultural practices like endogamy. A consequence is the diversity of East and West Eurasian genetic ancestral lineages found in South Asians today. Maanasa Raghavan, professor at the University of Chicago, explains that the increasing genome-wide data from ancient and present-day humans are providing emerging insights into the demographic processes that underlie present-day genetic diversity of South Asians and how they interface with evidence from archaeology, anthropology, linguistics, and oral histories. Human history in South Asia is also closely intertwined with the animals that humans domesticated, traded, and moved with them, offering yet another window into the dynamics of human mobility and connectivity in the past. Raghavanon's talk focuses on ancient and modern DNA insights into the origins of present-day human genetic diversity in South Asia, evolutionary history of domesticates, and broader implications for our understanding of human movements and interactions across Eurasia. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41200]

The human genetic history of South Asia has been shaped by its pivotal location at the crossroads of East and West Eurasia, dramatic landscapes such as the Himalayas, and longstanding socio-cultural practices like endogamy. A consequence is the diversity of East and West Eurasian genetic ancestral lineages found in South Asians today. Maanasa Raghavan, professor at the University of Chicago, explains that the increasing genome-wide data from ancient and present-day humans are providing emerging insights into the demographic processes that underlie present-day genetic diversity of South Asians and how they interface with evidence from archaeology, anthropology, linguistics, and oral histories. Human history in South Asia is also closely intertwined with the animals that humans domesticated, traded, and moved with them, offering yet another window into the dynamics of human mobility and connectivity in the past. Raghavanon's talk focuses on ancient and modern DNA insights into the origins of present-day human genetic diversity in South Asia, evolutionary history of domesticates, and broader implications for our understanding of human movements and interactions across Eurasia. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41200]

Ancient DNA has revolutionized the study of the human past, providing unprecedented insights into ancient migrations and interactions among populations. Central Asia, due to its geographic location between Europe and Asia, has seen experienced diverse human and hominin migrations, which have been a focus of genetic, archaeological, linguistic, and historical research. Ainash Childebayeva, professor at the University of Texas at Austin, discusses recent advances in population genetics which have revealed the complex ancestry of Central Asian groups, both modern and ancient. Significant progress has also been made in understanding the role of natural selection in shaping genetic variation across the region. Childebayeva presents recent developments in our knowledge of Central Asia's genetic history, integrating findings from both modern and ancient genomic studies. Additionally, she highlights the selective pressures that have influenced the genomes of Central Asians through time, shedding light on the dynamic interplay between admixture, adaptation, and cultural change. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41199]

Ancient DNA has revolutionized the study of the human past, providing unprecedented insights into ancient migrations and interactions among populations. Central Asia, due to its geographic location between Europe and Asia, has seen experienced diverse human and hominin migrations, which have been a focus of genetic, archaeological, linguistic, and historical research. Ainash Childebayeva, professor at the University of Texas at Austin, discusses recent advances in population genetics which have revealed the complex ancestry of Central Asian groups, both modern and ancient. Significant progress has also been made in understanding the role of natural selection in shaping genetic variation across the region. Childebayeva presents recent developments in our knowledge of Central Asia's genetic history, integrating findings from both modern and ancient genomic studies. Additionally, she highlights the selective pressures that have influenced the genomes of Central Asians through time, shedding light on the dynamic interplay between admixture, adaptation, and cultural change. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41199]

Ancient DNA has revolutionized the study of the human past, providing unprecedented insights into ancient migrations and interactions among populations. Central Asia, due to its geographic location between Europe and Asia, has seen experienced diverse human and hominin migrations, which have been a focus of genetic, archaeological, linguistic, and historical research. Ainash Childebayeva, professor at the University of Texas at Austin, discusses recent advances in population genetics which have revealed the complex ancestry of Central Asian groups, both modern and ancient. Significant progress has also been made in understanding the role of natural selection in shaping genetic variation across the region. Childebayeva presents recent developments in our knowledge of Central Asia's genetic history, integrating findings from both modern and ancient genomic studies. Additionally, she highlights the selective pressures that have influenced the genomes of Central Asians through time, shedding light on the dynamic interplay between admixture, adaptation, and cultural change. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41199]

Ancient DNA has revolutionized the study of the human past, providing unprecedented insights into ancient migrations and interactions among populations. Central Asia, due to its geographic location between Europe and Asia, has seen experienced diverse human and hominin migrations, which have been a focus of genetic, archaeological, linguistic, and historical research. Ainash Childebayeva, professor at the University of Texas at Austin, discusses recent advances in population genetics which have revealed the complex ancestry of Central Asian groups, both modern and ancient. Significant progress has also been made in understanding the role of natural selection in shaping genetic variation across the region. Childebayeva presents recent developments in our knowledge of Central Asia's genetic history, integrating findings from both modern and ancient genomic studies. Additionally, she highlights the selective pressures that have influenced the genomes of Central Asians through time, shedding light on the dynamic interplay between admixture, adaptation, and cultural change. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41199]

Ancient DNA has revolutionized the study of the human past, providing unprecedented insights into ancient migrations and interactions among populations. Central Asia, due to its geographic location between Europe and Asia, has seen experienced diverse human and hominin migrations, which have been a focus of genetic, archaeological, linguistic, and historical research. Ainash Childebayeva, professor at the University of Texas at Austin, discusses recent advances in population genetics which have revealed the complex ancestry of Central Asian groups, both modern and ancient. Significant progress has also been made in understanding the role of natural selection in shaping genetic variation across the region. Childebayeva presents recent developments in our knowledge of Central Asia's genetic history, integrating findings from both modern and ancient genomic studies. Additionally, she highlights the selective pressures that have influenced the genomes of Central Asians through time, shedding light on the dynamic interplay between admixture, adaptation, and cultural change. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41199]

Over the past decade, archaeogenetics has analyzed more than 15,000 ancient genomes spanning 45,000 years of western Eurasian prehistory, uncovering dozens of migrations that reshaped Europe. Johannes Krause, Max Planck Institute, traces the earliest, unsuccessful attempts of modern humans to settle Europe after leaving Africa around 50,000 years ago, when they also interbred with Neandertals. Krause examines two major genetic turnovers of the Neolithic: the spread of early farmers from Anatolia about 8,000 years ago, who brought agriculture and domesticated animals and later mixed with indigenous hunter-gatherers; and the arrival of mobile herders from the Pontic steppe around 5,000 years ago, who introduced pastoralism and possibly Indo-European languages. Finally, he considers migrations triggered by the collapse of the Roman Empire, showing how large-scale mobility created the multiple ancestral strands found in modern Europeans. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41198]

Over the past decade, archaeogenetics has analyzed more than 15,000 ancient genomes spanning 45,000 years of western Eurasian prehistory, uncovering dozens of migrations that reshaped Europe. Johannes Krause, Max Planck Institute, traces the earliest, unsuccessful attempts of modern humans to settle Europe after leaving Africa around 50,000 years ago, when they also interbred with Neandertals. Krause examines two major genetic turnovers of the Neolithic: the spread of early farmers from Anatolia about 8,000 years ago, who brought agriculture and domesticated animals and later mixed with indigenous hunter-gatherers; and the arrival of mobile herders from the Pontic steppe around 5,000 years ago, who introduced pastoralism and possibly Indo-European languages. Finally, he considers migrations triggered by the collapse of the Roman Empire, showing how large-scale mobility created the multiple ancestral strands found in modern Europeans. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41198]

Over the past decade, archaeogenetics has analyzed more than 15,000 ancient genomes spanning 45,000 years of western Eurasian prehistory, uncovering dozens of migrations that reshaped Europe. Johannes Krause, Max Planck Institute, traces the earliest, unsuccessful attempts of modern humans to settle Europe after leaving Africa around 50,000 years ago, when they also interbred with Neandertals. Krause examines two major genetic turnovers of the Neolithic: the spread of early farmers from Anatolia about 8,000 years ago, who brought agriculture and domesticated animals and later mixed with indigenous hunter-gatherers; and the arrival of mobile herders from the Pontic steppe around 5,000 years ago, who introduced pastoralism and possibly Indo-European languages. Finally, he considers migrations triggered by the collapse of the Roman Empire, showing how large-scale mobility created the multiple ancestral strands found in modern Europeans. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41198]

Over the past decade, archaeogenetics has analyzed more than 15,000 ancient genomes spanning 45,000 years of western Eurasian prehistory, uncovering dozens of migrations that reshaped Europe. Johannes Krause, Max Planck Institute, traces the earliest, unsuccessful attempts of modern humans to settle Europe after leaving Africa around 50,000 years ago, when they also interbred with Neandertals. Krause examines two major genetic turnovers of the Neolithic: the spread of early farmers from Anatolia about 8,000 years ago, who brought agriculture and domesticated animals and later mixed with indigenous hunter-gatherers; and the arrival of mobile herders from the Pontic steppe around 5,000 years ago, who introduced pastoralism and possibly Indo-European languages. Finally, he considers migrations triggered by the collapse of the Roman Empire, showing how large-scale mobility created the multiple ancestral strands found in modern Europeans. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41198]

Over the past decade, archaeogenetics has analyzed more than 15,000 ancient genomes spanning 45,000 years of western Eurasian prehistory, uncovering dozens of migrations that reshaped Europe. Johannes Krause, Max Planck Institute, traces the earliest, unsuccessful attempts of modern humans to settle Europe after leaving Africa around 50,000 years ago, when they also interbred with Neandertals. Krause examines two major genetic turnovers of the Neolithic: the spread of early farmers from Anatolia about 8,000 years ago, who brought agriculture and domesticated animals and later mixed with indigenous hunter-gatherers; and the arrival of mobile herders from the Pontic steppe around 5,000 years ago, who introduced pastoralism and possibly Indo-European languages. Finally, he considers migrations triggered by the collapse of the Roman Empire, showing how large-scale mobility created the multiple ancestral strands found in modern Europeans. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41198]

Dramatic advances in ancient DNA technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the human past. Since the publication of the first ancient human genomes in 2010, the field of archaeogenomics has grown at an astonishing pace, and today the genomes of more than 10,000 ancient humans have been sequenced. Kicking off this symposium are CARTA Co-Director and Salk Institute President Jerry Joyce and event co-chair Johannes Krause. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41194]

Dramatic advances in ancient DNA technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the human past. Since the publication of the first ancient human genomes in 2010, the field of archaeogenomics has grown at an astonishing pace, and today the genomes of more than 10,000 ancient humans have been sequenced. Kicking off this symposium are CARTA Co-Director and Salk Institute President Jerry Joyce and event co-chair Johannes Krause. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41194]

Dramatic advances in ancient DNA technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the human past. Since the publication of the first ancient human genomes in 2010, the field of archaeogenomics has grown at an astonishing pace, and today the genomes of more than 10,000 ancient humans have been sequenced. Kicking off this symposium are CARTA Co-Director and Salk Institute President Jerry Joyce and event co-chair Johannes Krause. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41194]

Dramatic advances in ancient DNA technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the human past. Since the publication of the first ancient human genomes in 2010, the field of archaeogenomics has grown at an astonishing pace, and today the genomes of more than 10,000 ancient humans have been sequenced. Kicking off this symposium are CARTA Co-Director and Salk Institute President Jerry Joyce and event co-chair Johannes Krause. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41194]

In this episode of Longevity by Design, host Dr. Gil Blander sits down with Dr. Wei-Wu, Executive Chairman at Human Longevity, Inc. Together, they explore how advances in genome sequencing, AI, and multi-layered diagnostics are changing the fight against age-related diseases. Wei-Wu shares why understanding your own genetic risks and combining them with other health data leads to better prevention and a longer healthspan.Wei-Wu explains the value of integrating genome sequencing, advanced imaging, and liquid biopsy to catch diseases like cancer early, before symptoms appear. He draws on real-world examples, including how combining different tests can spot cancers that single methods might miss. The conversation highlights how technology brings down costs, making once-rare insights widely available, and how each person stands to benefit from personalized risk profiles.The episode closes with practical advice: use today's tools to become the CEO of your own health. Wei-Wu urges listeners to embrace data-driven, individualized care and stresses that no single tool or habit holds all the answers. Instead, true longevity comes from a holistic, ongoing approach, one that uses all available knowledge to prevent disease and extend both life and health.Guest-at-a-Glance

Attorney Leah Willson and Dr. Nick Wilson join the program to expose how the modern medical system is failing patients. They explain how today's healthcare model prioritizes procedures and protocols over true understanding, individualized care and clinical judgment—resulting in measurable and alarming declines in patient health. We also discuss their landmark case against the CDC, which pushes for true patient consent and brings critical abuses to light. Instead of being trained to think independently, physicians are increasingly conditioned to follow standardized processes designed for efficiency and profit. It's the definition of a broken system—one that must be rebuilt from the ground up.See exclusives and more at https://SarahWestall.Substack.comFind the book at https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/reclaim-vitality-nick-wilson-dc/1148684990*

Warum sind die Organismen so unterschiedlich? Charles Darwin konnte nicht alles beantworten. Doch dank biologischer Grundlagenforschung und den Möglichkeiten, komplette Genome zu sequenzieren kommen inzwischen immer neue Erkenntnisse ans Licht.

John Maytham is joined by Prof Carina Schlebusch, Professor at Uppsala Universitet’s Department of Organismal Biology and a world-leading expert in human evolution and ancient DNA. Her research reveals that the earliest population split in human history occurred right here — between the ancestors of today’s San peoples and all other human populations. Even more remarkably, up to 80% of the genetic material found in these ancient individuals is still present in modern San communities today, Presenter John Maytham is an actor and author-turned-talk radio veteran and seasoned journalist. His show serves a round-up of local and international news coupled with the latest in business, sport, traffic and weather. The host’s eclectic interests mean the program often surprises the audience with intriguing book reviews and inspiring interviews profiling artists. A daily highlight is Rapid Fire, just after 5:30pm. CapeTalk fans call in, to stump the presenter with their general knowledge questions. Another firm favourite is the humorous Thursday crossing with award-winning journalist Rebecca Davis, called “Plan B”. Thank you for listening to a podcast from Afternoon Drive with John Maytham Listen live on Primedia+ weekdays from 15:00 and 18:00 (SA Time) to Afternoon Drive with John Maytham broadcast on CapeTalk https://buff.ly/NnFM3Nk For more from the show go to https://buff.ly/BSFy4Cn or find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/n8nWt4x Subscribe to the CapeTalk Daily and Weekly Newsletters https://buff.ly/sbvVZD5 Follow us on social media: CapeTalk on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@capetalk CapeTalk on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ CapeTalk on X: https://x.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@CapeTalk567 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

FOLLOW RICHARD Website: https://www.strangeplanet.ca YouTube: @strangeplanetradio Instagram: @richardsyrettstrangeplanet TikTok: @therealstrangeplanet EP. #1289 THE GENOME GRAB: How Government, Big Tech & Big Medicine Are Claiming Your Child's DNA Tonight on Strange Planet, we expose a quiet revolution unfolding in American medicine — one that could redefine parenthood, privacy, and human identity itself. The U.S. government, backed by Big Medicine, Big Tech, and Big Data, is laying the groundwork for mass newborn genome sequencing: decoding nearly every letter of a child's DNA at birth and storing it indefinitely. Attorney and child-welfare advocate Leah Wilson joins me to reveal how this program works, who profits, and why parents may soon lose control over their children's biological destiny. This isn't science fiction. It's happening now — and the stakes couldn't be higher. GUEST: Leah Wilson, JD, is an attorney, child-welfare advocate, and co-founder of Stand for Health Freedom, the organization currently suing the CDC in a landmark challenge to federal vaccination policy. She is one of America's most fearless voices exposing how genomic data is harvested, stored, and weaponized under the banners of “precision medicine” and “public health.” Wilson is also co-author of Reclaim Vitality, written with her husband, Dr. Nick Wilson, revealing how families can exit the machinery of conventional medicine. Her work uncovers a chilling reality: a global genetic arms race is already underway — and our children are on the front lines. WEBSITE: https://askdrwilson.libsyn.com BOOK: Reclaim Vitality: A Guide to Exit Conventional Medicine and Live Naturally SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS!!! FOUND – Smarter banking for your business Take back control of your business today. Open a Found account for FREE at Found dot com. That's F-O-U-N-D dot com. Found is a financial technology company, not a bank. Banking services are provided by Lead Bank, Member FDIC. Join the hundreds of thousands who've already streamlined their finances with Found. HIMS - Making Healthy and Happy Easy to Achieve Sexual Health, Hair Loss, Mental Health, Weight Management START YOUR FREE ONLINE VISIT TODAY - ⁠HIMS dot com slash STRANGE⁠ ⁠https://www.HIMS.com/strange⁠ MINT MOBILE Premium Wireless - $15 per month. No Stores. No Salespeople. JUST SAVINGS Ready to say yes to saying no? Make the switch at MINT MOBILE dot com slash STRANGEPLANET. That's MINT MOBILE dot com slash STRANGEPLANET BECOME A PREMIUM SUBSCRIBER!!!⁠ ⁠https://strangeplanet.supportingcast.fm⁠ Three monthly subscriptions to choose from. Commercial Free Listening, Bonus Episodes and a Subscription to my monthly newsletter, InnerSanctum. Visit ⁠https://strangeplanet.supportingcast.fm⁠ Use the discount code "Planet" to receive $5 OFF off any subscription. We and our partners use cookies to personalize your experience, to show you ads based on your interests, and for measurement and analytics purposes. By using our website and services, you agree to our use of cookies as described in our Cookie Policy. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit ⁠megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://strangeplanet.supportingcast.fm/

Osteosarcoma Webinar Series: Isidro Cortés-Ciriano will discuss his work studying how ongoing chromothripsis underpins osteosarcoma genome complexity and clonal evolution.

The sequencing of genomes from archaic humans, such as Neanderthals and Denisovans, has transformed our understanding of human evolutionary history. These ancient genomes reveal that modern humans did not evolve in isolation but interbred with now-extinct groups, leaving lasting genetic legacies. To date, genomic sequences from 31 archaic human individuals, including four sequenced to high coverage, have provided unprecedented insights into the population structure, social organization, and adaptation of this now-extinct lineages, allowing us to reconstruct our own evolutionary history and the mechanisms that led to modern human success. Diyendo Massilani of Yale University School of Medicine reviews nearly three decades of research on archaic human DNA and what we have learned about how these groups lived, as well as how admixture between different lineages may have contributed both to the extinction of archaic humans and the thriving of modern humans. Ultimately, ancient genomes show that the success of our species was not predetermined but forged through encounters, exchanges, and adaptations, and that the legacies of archaic humans live on in our biology today, continuing to influence what it means to be human. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41193]

The sequencing of genomes from archaic humans, such as Neanderthals and Denisovans, has transformed our understanding of human evolutionary history. These ancient genomes reveal that modern humans did not evolve in isolation but interbred with now-extinct groups, leaving lasting genetic legacies. To date, genomic sequences from 31 archaic human individuals, including four sequenced to high coverage, have provided unprecedented insights into the population structure, social organization, and adaptation of this now-extinct lineages, allowing us to reconstruct our own evolutionary history and the mechanisms that led to modern human success. Diyendo Massilani of Yale University School of Medicine reviews nearly three decades of research on archaic human DNA and what we have learned about how these groups lived, as well as how admixture between different lineages may have contributed both to the extinction of archaic humans and the thriving of modern humans. Ultimately, ancient genomes show that the success of our species was not predetermined but forged through encounters, exchanges, and adaptations, and that the legacies of archaic humans live on in our biology today, continuing to influence what it means to be human. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41193]

The sequencing of genomes from archaic humans, such as Neanderthals and Denisovans, has transformed our understanding of human evolutionary history. These ancient genomes reveal that modern humans did not evolve in isolation but interbred with now-extinct groups, leaving lasting genetic legacies. To date, genomic sequences from 31 archaic human individuals, including four sequenced to high coverage, have provided unprecedented insights into the population structure, social organization, and adaptation of this now-extinct lineages, allowing us to reconstruct our own evolutionary history and the mechanisms that led to modern human success. Diyendo Massilani of Yale University School of Medicine reviews nearly three decades of research on archaic human DNA and what we have learned about how these groups lived, as well as how admixture between different lineages may have contributed both to the extinction of archaic humans and the thriving of modern humans. Ultimately, ancient genomes show that the success of our species was not predetermined but forged through encounters, exchanges, and adaptations, and that the legacies of archaic humans live on in our biology today, continuing to influence what it means to be human. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41193]

Dr. Jason Vassy, is a primary care physician at the VA Boston Healthcare System. He leads the Genomes to Veterans Research Program, which focuses on bringing genomic tools into everyday Veteran care. His goal is help VA use genetic information in order to improve Veterans health, he emphasizes, “How can we use a Veteran's genetic makeup to help improve their healthcare?” he clarifies that while not all conditions require genetic testing, “in the areas where we know doctors should be using genetic testing… how do we make it easier for them?” This work shows how VA is staying ahead when it comes to health and technology.In Dr. Vassy's VA study on pharmacogenetics for depression, he found that Veterans who received DNA-guided medication choices fared better, stating, “Patients that got that kind of testing were more likely to have a medication that was a better match for their DNA and had lower rates of depressive symptoms.” His team also used data from the Million Veteran Program (MVP) to identify Veterans with a genetic form of extremely high cholesterol, noting, “We reached back out… and got them connected to clinical genetic testing, increased surveillance, and treatment.” These actions helped Veterans and their families reduce their risk of early heart disease.In addition, Vassy leads the nationwide PROGRESS Study, which uses genetic risk to guide prostate cancer screening for men ages 55 to 70. Vetertans can enroll online and submit a saliva kit from home. “Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men,” Vassy said, and genetic guidance may allow VA to detect dangerous cancers earlier while reducing harm from over-screening. He also stresses that VA protects genetic information with the strictest safeguards: “These data are password-protected, encrypted… only people with a right to access it can do so.”Looking ahead, Vassy believes genomic medicine will increasingly shape preventive care as technology advances and costs fall. He encourages Veterans to start by knowing their family history and talking with their providers about potential genetic risks, noting, “Genetics is just another tool in the toolbox for how to manage a concern you bring to your provider.” Veterans can explore opportunities to participate in ongoing research and learn more about genomic testing throughout VA's national programs.Resourceshttps://www.genomes2people.org/research/genomes2veterans/https://www.research.va.gov/mvp/https://www.progress-study.org/https://www.va.gov/washington-dc-health-care/programs/pharmacogenomics/https://www.va.gov/southern-nevada-health-care/stories/pharmacogenomics-and-how-the-va-is-improving-the-efficacy-of-medicine-through-dna/ https://www.research.va.gov/services/amp/precision_oncology.cfm 

Pat talks with philosopher Dr. Tim Pawl, author of Jesus and the Genome, about the theological and philosophical challenges raised by evolutionary biology and how Christians can think clearly about them. Jesus and the Genome: https://amzn.to/4il5Ys8 Tim on Substack: https://pawlineepistles.substack.com/  Pat on Substack: https://journalofabsolutetruth.substack.com/ 

The genome sequences of Neandertals and Denisovans have provided a wealth of new information about the origins, migrations, and interactions of ancient humans. These genomes have revealed that mixture between hominin groups was common: all modern humans outside Africa carry around 2% Neandertal DNA from a single major episode of Neandertal gene flow, while the ancestors of present-day Asians and Oceanians also met and mixed with multiple, genetically distinct Denisovan populations. Archaeological evidence suggests multiple dispersals of modern humans out of Africa, with early fossils identified in East and Southeast Asia over 50 thousand years ago. In contrast, genomic studies indicate that all present-day non-African populations descend primarily from a single dispersal after ~50 ka, though the migration routes of ancestral populations across Eurasia and Oceania remain unclear. Janet Kelso, professor at Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, shows how using the distribution of Neandertal and Denisovan ancestry in ancient and present-day modern humans can determine when, where and how often modern and archaic humans met and mixed. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41192]

In his latest thriller LABYRINTH, author A.G. Riddle explores the impact of AI-generated virtual reality on future generations. Listeners will also find out why The Quill & The Quantum's new tagline brought tears to Gerry's eyes! Author info available at www.agriddle.com. A.G. Riddle spent ten years starting internet companies before retiring to pursue his true passion: writing fiction. His debut novel, The Atlantis Gene, is the first book in a trilogy (The Origin Mystery) that has sold over three million copies worldwide, has been translated into twenty-four languages, and is in development to be a major motion picture. His fourth novel, Departure, follows the survivors of a flight that takes off in 2015 and crash-lands in a changed world. HarperCollins published the novel in hardcover in the fall of 2015, and 20th Century Fox is developing it for a feature film. Released in 2017, his fifth novel, Pandemic, focuses on a team of researchers investigating an outbreak that could alter the human race. The sequel, Genome, concludes the two-book series. Released in 2019, his seventh novel, Winter World, depicts a group of scientists racing to stop a global ice age. It is the first book in The Long Winter Trilogy, which is now complete. Riddle grew up in Boiling Springs, North Carolina and graduated from UNC-Chapel Hill. During his sophomore year in college, he started his first company with a childhood friend. He currently lives in Raleigh, North Carolina with his wife, daughter, and an eccentric dog. No matter where he is, or what's going on, he tries his best to set aside time every day to answer emails and messages from readers. You can reach him at: ag@agriddle.com

In this episode of the Epigenetics Podcast, we talked with Anders Sejr Hansen from MIT about his work on the impact of 3D genome structures on gene expression, the roles of proteins like CTCF and cohesin, and advanced techniques like Region Capture Micro-C for mapping genome organisation. Dr. Sejr Hansen introduces his research focusing on the relationship between three-dimensional genome structure and function, specifically how these structures can influence gene expression. He elaborates on the importance of transcription factors and the role of looping structures in gene regulation, emphasizing the implications of his work for understanding gene functionality in the context of both development and disease. The conversation then shifts to discussing loop extrusion and the factors affecting loop stability, primarily CTCF and cohesin. Dr. Sejr Hansen highlights the dynamics of these proteins' binding interactions and how their speeds challenge the notion of stable looping structures in the genome. With a keen interest in CTCF's role, he explains how the protein interacts with DNA and the mechanistic aspects of transcription factor movement, alluding to research findings that reveal that CTCF and cohesin tend to form clusters which may play vital roles in establishing chromatin structure. As the interview progresses, Dr. Sejr Hansen details his transition to leading his own lab at MIT, emphasizing the continuation of his earlier work while expanding into new methodologies for studying chromatin. He underscores the importance of understanding not just the static structures of DNA interactions, but the dynamic nature of these relationships and how they influence gene expression. His lab's recent focus has included using advanced imaging techniques to assess the dynamics of chromatin interactions more precisely. The discussion then touches on specific findings from Dr. Sejr Hansen's lab regarding the relationship between genome organization and double-strand break repair mechanisms. He emphasizes how the repair machinery can affect chromatin structure and underscores the essential role of cohesin in facilitating effective double-strand break repair by keeping broken DNA ends in proximity. He suggests that loop extrusion might help prevent genetic material from diffusing too far apart and improve the efficiency of repair. Dr. Sejr Hansen also discusses innovations in genome mapping techniques, particularly the development of Region Capture Micro-C, which facilitates deeper insights into the three-dimensional organization of the genome. This method allows researchers to achieve significantly higher resolution in their analyses compared to traditional 3D genomics techniques like Hi-C. He outlines the technical process and the implications of their findings, especially regarding enhancer-promoter interactions and the surprisingly promiscuous nature of these relationships. References Anders S Hansen, Iryna Pustova, Claudia Cattoglio, Robert Tjian, Xavier Darzacq (2017) CTCF and cohesin regulate chromatin loop stability with distinct dynamics eLife 6:e25776 https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.25776 Claudia Cattoglio, Iryna Pustova, Nike Walther, Jaclyn J Ho, Merle Hantsche-Grininger, Carla J Inouye, M Julius Hossain, Gina M Dailey, Jan Ellenberg, Xavier Darzacq, Robert Tjian, Anders S Hansen (2019) Determining cellular CTCF and cohesin abundances to constrain 3D genome models eLife 8:e40164 https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.40164 Goel, V.Y., Huseyin, M.K. & Hansen, A.S. Region Capture Micro-C reveals coalescence of enhancers and promoters into nested microcompartments. Nat Genet 55, 1048–1056 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-023-01391-1 Related Episodes Biophysical Modeling of 3-D Genome Organization (Leonid Mirny) Unraveling Mechanisms of Chromosome Formation (Job Dekker) Contact Epigenetics Podcast on Mastodon Epigenetics Podcast on Bluesky Dr. Stefan Dillinger on LinkedIn Active Motif on LinkedIn Active Motif on Bluesky Email: podcast@activemotif.com

My guest is Michael Snyder, PhD, professor of genetics at Stanford and an expert in understanding why people respond differently to various foods, supplements, behavioral and prescription interventions. We discuss how to optimize your health and lifespan according to what type of glucose responder you are, which genes you express, your lifestyle and other factors. Dr. Snyder also explains the key ages when you need to be particularly mindful about following certain health practices. We also discuss how people respond in opposite ways to different fiber types. This episode ought to be of interest and use to anyone seeking to understand their unique biological needs and how to go about meeting those needs. Sponsors AGZ by AG1: https://drinkag1.com/huberman Wealthfront*: https://wealthfront.com/huberman David: https://davidprotein.com/huberman Eight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/huberman Function: https://functionhealth.com/huberman *This experience may not be representative of the experience of other clients of Wealthfront, and there is no guarantee that all clients will have similar experiences. Cash Account is offered by Wealthfront Brokerage LLC, Member FINRA/SIPC. The Annual Percentage Yield (“APY”) on cash deposits as of December 27,‬ 2024, is representative, subject to change, and requires no minimum. Funds in the Cash Account are swept to partner banks where they earn the variable‭ APY. Promo terms and FDIC coverage conditions apply. Same-day withdrawal or instant payment transfers may be limited by destination institutions, daily transaction caps, and by participating entities such as Wells Fargo, the RTP® Network, and FedNow® Service. New Cash Account deposits are subject to a 2-4 day holding period before becoming available for transfer. Timestamps 00:00 Michael Snyder 03:33 Healthy Glucose Range, Continuous Glucose Monitors CGM, Hemoglobin A1c 09:02 Individual Variability & Food Choice, Glucose Spikes & Sleepiness 12:18 Sponsors: AGZ by AG1 & Wealthfront 15:16 Glucose Spikes, Tools: Post-Meal Brisk Walk; Soleus “Push-Ups”; Exercise Snacks 21:06 Glucose Dysregulation, Diabetes & Sub-Phenotypes, Tool: Larger Morning Meal 28:34 Exercise Timing, Muscle Insulin Resistance 30:49 Diabetes Subtyping, Weight, Glucose Control; Incretins 35:41 GLP-1 Agonists, Diabetes, Tool: Muscle Maintenance & Resistance Training 38:40 Metformin, Berberine, Headaches 41:01 GLP-1 Agonists, Cognition, Longevity, Tool: Habits Support Medication; Cycling 47:41 Subcutaneous vs Visceral Fat, Organ Stress 49:10 Sponsors: David & Eight Sleep 51:58 Meal Timing & Sleep, Tools: Post-Dinner Walk, Routines, Bedtime Consistency 57:16 Microbiome, Immune System & Gut; Diet & Individual Variability 1:02:52 Fiber Types, Cholesterol & Glucose, Polyphenols 1:09:50 Food As Medicine; Fiber, Microbiome & Individual Variability; Probiotics 1:18:48 Sponsor: Function 1:20:35 Profiling Healthy Individuals, Genomes, Wearables 1:26:31 Whole-Body MRIs, Nodules, Healthy Baseline, Early Diagnosis 1:34:07 Sensors, CGM, Sleep, Heart Rate Variability HRV, Tools: Mindset Effects, Increase REM 1:39:30 HRV, Sleep, Exercise, Tool: Long Exhales; Next-Day Excitement & Sleep 1:42:48 Organ Aging, “Ageotypes”; Biological Age vs Chronological Age 1:49:41 Longevity, Health Span, Genetics, Blue Zones 1:52:19 Epigenetics, Viral Infection & Disease 1:58:54 ALS, Heritability; Neuroprotection, Nicotine 2:03:47 Air Quality, Allergies, DEET & Pesticides, Inflammation, Mold; Microplastics 2:15:02 Single-Drop Blood Test & Biomarkers, Wearables, Observational Trials 2:20:33 Acupuncture, Blood Pressure 2:26:40 Immersive Events & Mental Health Benefits 2:34:59 Data, Nutrition & Lifestyle; Siloed Health Care vs Personalized Medicine 2:43:06 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Follow & Reviews, Sponsors, YouTube Feedback, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices