Podcasts about neurological disorders

Send us Fan MailThink about the last time your head hurt. Headaches are a common condition and one of the most common causes of pain and a major reason people miss work or school and visit a doctor according to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. There are different reasons we get headaches, different tests to learn more about the headaches and different treatments. Hyun Ah Kim, M.D., is a neurologist with Texas Tech Physicians neurology and an assistant professor in the School of Medicine at TTUHSC. She specializes in treating headaches, migraines, vascular vertigo, and autonomic disorders.

Dr. Troy Rohn has spent two decades in neuroscience research, lived with anxiety his entire life, and co-founded a biotech company trying to treat it in a way no drug has managed before. In this conversation with host KAJ, he makes a quiet but striking case: that anxiety is not a mystery, it is a circuit problem — and gene therapy may finally be precise enough to address it at the source.The conversation covers what anxiety actually is, why current medications fail a third of the people who take them, the difference between RNA and DNA therapies, and what a world looks like where mental health treatment is personalised to your own genetic makeup. Accessible, honest, and quietly hopeful.=========================================KAJ Masterclass LIVEA video-first, live-first global conversation ecosystem — editorially independent, depth-driven, and supporter-sustained. Hosted by independent journalist Khudania Ajay (KAJ), KAJ Masterclass explores leadership, business, AI, careers, health, creativity, ideas, and the evolving human experience through thoughtful, unscripted conversations grounded in lived experience, clarity, and real-world insight.Every conversation is designed to leave you with something meaningful to think about, understand, or apply.

After years of misdiagnoses, medication sensitivities, injuries, and setbacks, a massage therapist is diagnosed with Functional Neurological Disorder (FND), a condition that causes non-typical seizures and intermittent paralysis-like weakness. Despite being unable to work, she continues advocating for the FND community and wants to help educate massage therapists about the benefits of safe, informed touch for people living with the condition. In this episode of IHACW. . ., Ruth explores Sarah's journey, the realities of FND, and the role massage therapy may play in supporting those navigating complex neurological challenges.  Resources: Functional Neurologic Disorder | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (no date a). Available at: https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/functional-neurologic-disorder (Accessed: May 8, 2026). Functional Neurologic Disorder | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (no date b). Available at: https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/functional-neurologic-disorder (Accessed: April 28, 2026). Functional Neurological Disorder (Conversion Disorder) (no date). Available at: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17975-conversion-disorder (Accessed: April 28, 2026). Functional Neurological Disorder, Reframed | Harvard Medicine Magazine (no date). Available at: https://magazine.hms.harvard.edu/articles/functional-neurological-disorder-reframed (Accessed: May 8, 2026). Ranford, J. et al. (2020) "Sensory Processing Difficulties in Functional Neurological Disorder: A Possible Predisposing Vulnerability?," Psychosomatics, 61(4), pp. 343–352. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psym.2020.02.003. "What Is FND" (no date) FND Hope International. Available at: https://fndhope.org/fnd-guide/ (Accessed: April 28, 2026). What Is Functional Neurological Disorder (FND)? (no date) Cleveland Clinic. Available at: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17975-conversion-disorder (Accessed: May 8, 2026).  Host Bio:              Ruth Werner is a former massage therapist, a writer, and an NCBTMB-approved continuing education provider. She wrote A Massage Therapist's Guide to Pathology, now in its seventh edition, which is used in massage schools worldwide. Werner is also a long-time Massage & Bodywork columnist, most notably of the Pathology Perspectives column. Werner is also ABMP's partner on Pocket Pathology, a web-based app and quick reference program that puts key information for nearly 200 common pathologies at your fingertips. Werner's books are available at www.booksofdiscovery.com. And more information about her is available at www.ruthwerner.com.    Sponsors: Anatomy Trains is a global leader in online anatomy education and also provides in-classroom certification programs for structural integration in the US, Canada, Australia, Europe, Japan, and China, as well as fresh-tissue cadaver dissection labs and weekend courses. The work of Anatomy Trains originated with founder Tom Myers, who mapped the human body into 13 myofascial meridians in his original book, currently in its fourth edition and translated into 12 languages. The principles of Anatomy Trains are used by osteopaths, physical therapists, bodyworkers, massage therapists, personal trainers, yoga, Pilates, Gyrotonics, and other body-minded manual therapists and movement professionals. Anatomy Trains inspires these practitioners to work with holistic anatomy in treating system-wide patterns to provide improved client outcomes in terms of structure and function.      Website: anatomytrains.com     Email: info@anatomytrains.com           Facebook: facebook.com/AnatomyTrains  Instagram: www.instagram.com/anatomytrainsofficial YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2g6TOEFrX4b-CigknssKHA    Precision Neuromuscular Therapy seminars (www.pnmt.org) have been teaching high-quality seminars for more than 20 years. Doug Nelson and the PNMT teaching staff help you to practice with the confidence and creativity that comes from deep understanding, rather than the adherence to one treatment approach or technique. Find our seminar schedule at pnmt.org/seminar-schedule with over 60 weekends of seminars across the country. Or meet us online in the PNMT Portal, our online gateway with access to over 500 videos, 37 NCBTMB CEs, our Discovery Series webinars, one-on-one mentoring, and much, much more! All for the low yearly cost of $167.50. Learn more at pnmt.thinkific.com/courses/pnmtportal!  Follow us on social media: @precisionnmt on Instagram or at Precision Neuromuscular Therapy Seminars on Facebook.   At Heights Wellness Retreat, we believe every person is an unstoppable force, whether navigating daily demands, pursuing goals, or striving to be their best. This drives everything we do. We go beyond traditional spa services by creating a purpose-driven environment where wellness professionals are empowered, valued, and positioned to grow. With steady clientele, support, and a wellness-forward culture, Heights Wellness Retreat is where therapists build meaningful, sustainable careers while shaping the future of the wellness industry.  www.massageheightscareers.careerplug.com/jobs  www.heightswellnessretreats.com  https://www.instagram.com/heightswellnessretreat/  https://www.facebook.com/heightswellnessretreat/   

En este episodio de Hemispherics hablamos sobre el daño axonal difuso tras un traumatismo craneoencefálico, una de las formas de lesión cerebral más frecuentes y, al mismo tiempo, más difíciles de comprender desde la clínica y la neuroimagen convencional. A lo largo del episodio revisamos cómo las fuerzas de aceleración y rotación pueden producir una lesión de desconexión en las redes cerebrales, profundizando en conceptos como la axotomía secundaria, la neuroinflamación, la vía del SARM1 o la lesión axonal traumática. También abordamos qué sabemos actualmente sobre resonancia magnética, tensor de difusión y biomarcadores como GFAP, UCH-L1 o neurofilamento ligero. Más allá de la biología, el episodio intenta trasladar todo esto a la realidad clínica y terapéutica. Hablamos de las expresiones cognitivas, conductuales y motoras que pueden aparecer en estos pacientes, de las limitaciones actuales del pronóstico y de cómo entender el daño axonal difuso no como una única lesión focal, sino como una alteración dinámica de redes cerebrales. Referencias del episodio: 1. Adams, J. H., Doyle, D., Ford, I., Gennarelli, T. A., Graham, D. I., & McLellan, D. R. (1989). Diffuse axonal injury in head injury: definition, diagnosis and grading. Histopathology, 15(1), 49–59. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1989.tb03040.x (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2767623/). 2. Bayley, M. T., Janzen, S., Harnett, A., Teasell, R., Patsakos, E., Marshall, S., Bragge, P., Velikonja, D., Kua, A., Douglas, J., Togher, L., Ponsford, J., & McIntyre, A. (2023). INCOG 2.0 Guidelines for Cognitive Rehabilitation Following Traumatic Brain Injury: Methods, Overview, and Principles. The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation, 38(1), 7–23. https://doi.org/10.1097/HTR.0000000000000838 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36594856/). 3. Castaño-Leon, A. M., Sánchez Carabias, C., Hilario, A., Ramos, A., Navarro-Main, B., Paredes, I., Munarriz, P. M., Panero, I., Eiriz Fernández, C., García-Pérez, D., Moreno-Gomez, L. M., Esteban-Sinovas, O., Garcia Posadas, G., Gomez, P. A., & Lagares, A. (2022). Serum assessment of traumatic axonal injury: the correlation of GFAP, t-Tau, UCH-L1, and NfL levels with diffusion tensor imaging metrics and its prognosis utility. Journal of neurosurgery, 138(2), 454–464. https://doi.org/10.3171/2022.5.JNS22638 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35901687/). 4. Frati, A., Cerretani, D., Fiaschi, A. I., Frati, P., Gatto, V., La Russa, R., Pesce, A., Pinchi, E., Santurro, A., Fraschetti, F., & Fineschi, V. (2017). Diffuse Axonal Injury and Oxidative Stress: A Comprehensive Review. International journal of molecular sciences, 18(12), 2600. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18122600 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29207487/). 5. Geiger, P., Gmeiner, R., Schön, V., Petr, O., Thomé, C., & Pinggera, D. (2025). Timing of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in Moderate and Severe TBI: A Systematic Review. Journal of clinical medicine, 14(12), 4078. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14124078 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40565823/). 6. Henninger, N., Bouley, J., Sikoglu, E. M., An, J., Moore, C. M., King, J. A., Bowser, R., Freeman, M. R., & Brown, R. H., Jr (2016). Attenuated traumatic axonal injury and improved functional outcome after traumatic brain injury in mice lacking Sarm1. Brain : a journal of neurology, 139(Pt 4), 1094–1105. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/aww001 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26912636/). 7. Johnson, V. E., Stewart, W., & Smith, D. H. (2013). Axonal pathology in traumatic brain injury. Experimental neurology, 246, 35–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.01.013 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22285252/). 8. Lagares, A., de la Cruz, J., Terrisse, H., Mejan, O., Pavlov, V., Vermorel, C., Payen, J. F., & of the BRAINI participants and investigators (2024). An automated blood test for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) to predict the absence of intracranial lesions on head CT in adult patients with mild traumatic brain injury: BRAINI, a multicentre observational study in Europe. EBioMedicine, 110, 105477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105477 (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11647500/). 9. Mac Donald, C. L., Dikranian, K., Song, S. K., Bayly, P. V., Holtzman, D. M., & Brody, D. L. (2007). Detection of traumatic axonal injury with diffusion tensor imaging in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury. Experimental neurology, 205(1), 116–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.01.035 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17368446/). 10. Mac Donald, C. L., Yuh, E. L., Vande Vyvere, T., Edlow, B. L., Li, L. M., Mayer, A. R., Mukherjee, P., Newcombe, V. F. J., Wilde, E. A., Koerte, I. K., Yurgelun-Todd, D., Wu, Y. C., Duhaime, A. C., Awwad, H. O., Dams-O'Connor, K., Doperalski, A., Maas, A. I. R., McCrea, M. A., Umoh, N., & Manley, G. T. (2025). Neuroimaging Characterization of Acute Traumatic Brain Injury with Focus on Frontline Clinicians: Recommendations from the 2024 National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Traumatic Brain Injury Classification and Nomenclature Initiative Imaging Working Group. Journal of neurotrauma, 42(13-14), 1056–1064. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2025.0079 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40393517/). 11. Muehlschlegel, S., Rajajee, V., Wartenberg, K. E., Alexander, S. A., Busl, K. M., Creutzfeldt, C. J., Fontaine, G. V., Hocker, S. E., Hwang, D. Y., Kim, K. S., Madzar, D., Mahanes, D., Mainali, S., Meixensberger, J., Sakowitz, O. W., Varelas, P. N., Weimar, C., & Westermaier, T. (2024). Guidelines for Neuroprognostication in Critically Ill Adults with Moderate-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. Neurocritical care, 40(2), 448–476. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-023-01902-2 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38366277/). 12. Ponsford, J. L., Downing, M. G., Olver, J., Ponsford, M., Acher, R., Carty, M., & Spitz, G. (2014). Longitudinal follow-up of patients with traumatic brain injury: outcome at two, five, and ten years post-injury. Journal of neurotrauma, 31(1), 64–77. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2013.2997 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23889321/). 13. Sassani, M., Ghafari, T., Arachchige, P. R. W., Idrees, I., Gao, Y., Waitt, A., Weaver, S. R. C., Mazaheri, A., Lyons, H. S., Grech, O., Thaller, M., Witton, C., Bagshaw, A. P., Wilson, M., Park, H., Brookes, M., Novak, J., Mollan, S. P., Hill, L. J., Lucas, S. J. E., … Fernández-Espejo, D. (2025). Current and prospective roles of magnetic resonance imaging in mild traumatic brain injury. Brain communications, 7(2), fcaf120. https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcaf120 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40241788/). 14. Siedler, D. G., Chuah, M. I., Kirkcaldie, M. T., Vickers, J. C., & King, A. E. (2014). Diffuse axonal injury in brain trauma: insights from alterations in neurofilaments. Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 8, 429. https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2014.00429 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25565963/). 15. Smith, D. H., Hicks, R., & Povlishock, J. T. (2013). Therapy development for diffuse axonal injury. Journal of neurotrauma, 30(5), 307–323. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2012.2825 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23252624/). 16. Wofford, K. L., Loane, D. J., & Cullen, D. K. (2019). Acute drivers of neuroinflammation in traumatic brain injury. Neural regeneration research, 14(9), 1481–1489. https://doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.255958 (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6557091/).

Advances in immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis and related disorders have increased the risk of infections and raised important questions about vaccination efficacy. This episode reviews infection risks across treatment classes, emphasizes the importance of monitoring and patient education, and discusses optimal vaccine timing to preserve protective immune responses. In this episode, Aaron L. Berkowitz, MD, PhD, FAAN, speaks with Avindra Nath, MBBS, FAAN, coauthor of the article "Infection Risk and Vaccine Considerations in Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders" in the Continuum® April 2026 Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders issue. Dr. Berkowitz is a Continuum® Audio interviewer and a professor of neurology in the Department of Neurology at the University of California, San Francisco, in San Francisco, California. Dr. Nath is the chief of the Section of Infections of the Nervous System at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, in Bethesda, Maryland Additional Resources Read the article: Infection Risk and Vaccine Considerations in Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Subscribe to Continuum®: shop.lww.com/Continuum Earn CME (available only to AAN members): continpub.com/AudioCME Continuum® Aloud (verbatim audio-book style recordings of articles available only to Continuum® subscribers): continpub.com/Aloud More about the American Academy of Neurology: aan.com Social Media facebook.com/continuumcme @ContinuumAAN Host: @AaronLBerkowitz Full episode transcript available here Dr Berkowitz: Over the last decades, there has been a revolution in the treatment of multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, and other immune-mediated neurologic conditions with countless new, highly effective medications. However, with every new treatment comes new risks; and in the case of immunomodulatory therapy, many of those risks relate to infection. Today, I have the privilege of talking with an expert on this topic, Dr Avindra Nath, about the infectious risks of treatments for multiple sclerosis and other immune-mediated neurologic disorders.  Dr Jones: This is Dr Lyell Jones, Editor-in-Chief of Continuum. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio. Be sure to visit the links in the episode notes for information about earning CME, subscribing to the journal, and exclusive access to interviews not featured on the podcast.  Dr Berkowitz: This is Dr Aaron Berkowitz, and today I'm interviewing Dr Avi Nath about his article on vaccine considerations and infection risk in multiple sclerosis and related disorders, which he coauthored with Dr Amit Bar-Or. This article appears in the April 2026 Continuum issue on multiple sclerosis. Welcome to the podcast, Dr Nath, and could you please introduce yourself to our audience?  Dr Nath: Thanks very much for inviting me to this podcast. I'm absolutely delighted to have the opportunity to discuss our areas of interest and expertise related to infections and vaccinations for MS patients. My area has been studying the infections of the nervous system since the beginning of the AIDS pandemic, and over the years and decades, we've developed expertise related to various types of CNS infections. That includes ones that are developing in individuals who have immune compromise due to a variety of different reasons. Dr Berkowitz: Fantastic. Well, glad to have the opportunity to speak with you today. When I was in medical school---and you were my attending, actually, we were just reminiscing, which we probably think was not that long ago, but is now over twenty years ago---there were just two medications for MS, right? Beta interferon and glatiramer acetate. And now we have over a dozen, and it's amazing to think of all the progress in these last two decades, as well as for related diseases like NMO. I don't think we even had the aquaporin-four biomarker, right, when I was working with you as a med student in the early 2000s. Dr Nath: And that certainly dates me a lot.  Dr Berkowitz: Both of us.  Dr Nath: Yeah.  Dr Berkowitz: Of course, with all these new treatments, these have been amazing advances for our patients, right? But these come with new treatment-related risks to monitor for with the immunomodulatory medications for MS and related disorders. And one of those most important risks is that of infection. So, your article reviews the potential infectious complications of medications used to treat MS, NMO, etc, and also covers considerations related to thinking about vaccines in this patient population. So, as the MS treatment landscape grows, I can say as a general neurologist, keeping up with all these medications and what to screen for and what to worry about and when to vaccinate just becomes more challenging every year. And your article has so many helpful tables, some organized by medicine, some organized by- sorry, medication, some organized by infection, some by vaccines. So, this is gonna be a great resource for our providers to print out and tape up in their clinic rooms. We won't be able to get into all the depth and detail that you have in this article today, but I do want to focus on some of the key points here related to the common medications we use for MS and which infections to think about and which vaccine considerations we might need to keep in mind for these medications. But before we delve into the drugs, I just wanna ask you more broadly, you talk in the article about the challenge of patients with immune-mediated diseases who are on immunomodulatory therapy being at risk for both flares of their disease and for infections; and these infections can present somewhat atypically, right, in immunomodulated hosts, to maybe coin a term you can correct me on, because they can't mount the full inflammatory response. So how do you approach new symptoms in patients on these immunomodulatory medicines as far as distinguishing disease flare from a treatment-related infection?  Dr Nath: So, I have to say that although a lot of new treatments have come along for MS, and they've really, you know, improved the outcome tremendously and there are so many different options, it has also kept people like me relevant because they cause a lot of various types of infections, and so keeps me in business all the same. But just as you mentioned, there's so many of them, even I have difficulty keeping track of what does what. So, you do need to be able to refer back to published literature, and the tables, I hope, will be quite useful in that regard. You're absolutely right, and you can get new infections, you can get reactivation of existing infections, and you can get atypical presentations of various types of infections that you may not normally think of. So that presents multiple challenges to the treating physician. The other interesting thing about MS is, just as you mentioned, that you already have CNS lesions to begin with. Now, on top of it, you have an infection, so now how to sort out what is the existing disease and what is the infection, it can again become challenging. But one thing is for sure: all these infections are caused by an organism. So, what you really need to do is, the underlying diagnostic is to demonstrate the presence of the organism. Whether you demonstrate it depending on the infection in the spinal fluid or in the brain or, you know, some peripheral organ system, that is going to be key to making the diagnosis. So, all your clinical acumen is good, but that alone may not be sufficient. Dr Berkowitz: Very good. So, when you see a, a patient now who has a new neurologic symptom in the context of an immune-mediated disease who's on immunomodulatory therapy, what goes through your mind? Are you thinking this disease and this drug, and sort of what are the infections, and does the syndrome match? Or are you thinking, you know, you can't always rely on the imaging to distinguish between, say, a flare of an MS and PML because white matter lesions could look similar? How do you sort of approach this scenario when it comes up?  Dr Nath: So, you're right. You have to keep an open mind so that even though you know some infections are more likely to occur with certain types of medications, that doesn't mean that others cannot occur. So, I think when you first see the patient, you should not jump to conclusions, but rather have an open mind. But yes, for example, your patient is on natalizumab, the chances of PML are going to be high. It's a very interesting drug. It does not cause immune compromise in the periphery, but what it's doing is preventing these cells from getting into the brain. So, because then it's acting at the blood-brain barrier. So that means that organisms that are already present in the brain have an opportunity to get reactivated. Turns out you don't have a lot of organisms in the brain, except JC virus seems to be one of them that does somehow, in some individuals, manage to reside out there. And so that can get reactivated. It can get reactivated in the periphery and then enter the brain, too. So, where the very specific mutations have to occur in that virus in order to take residence in the brain. That would be a suspicion that you might have, and MRI can be useful in, again, helping you think about that possibility. If you have typical lesions involving the U fibers, they're demyelinating, usually you do not have much edema around them because patient is immune compromised, but certainly within the brain in these individuals. And so, then you need to demonstrate the organism. The demonstration of the organism should be in the spinal fluid and not in the blood because in the virus, it can-- is reservoir in the kidneys and in the lymph nodes, and periodically it'll shed into the blood. Detection of the organism in the blood can be a false positive, but in the spinal fluid, it shouldn't be there unless you have an infection. Or if you cause a traumatic tap, I guess, if a patient is viremic, that's a possibility, but those are extremely rare. So at least for PML, that's the way that you would diagnose it. Now, you can develop, for example, if an individual is on fingolimod, you can get a wide variety of infections. Here it's a totally different type of mechanism of action. Here the cells are trapped within the lymph nodes, so that means now your entire periphery is immune compromised, right?  So here you can get viral infections, bacterial infections, fungal infections. So here, if a patient presents with new neurological symptoms, you have to have a really open mind for all these possibilities. Now, let's say a patient was on dimethyl fumarate, and dimethyl fumarate causes neutropenia early on. So here you have to worry about an individual developing bacterial infections, so latent tuberculosis or bacterial meningitis can occur in these individuals. That's something to keep in mind. It's not that other infections cannot occur with dimethyl fumarate, you can see PML and other things too, but the chances of bacterial infections are greater. So, you got to make sure that you draw all the cultures for that purpose. Similarly, if you're on a complement inhibitor, like a C5 inhibitor or the thing that I could use in NMO, there are the chances of meningococcal meningitis. So, these patients, you need to prevaccinate them before you start these kinds of treatments and look for that possibility. When you suspect bacterial infections, particularly acute bacterial meningitis, there time is of essence. Also, in some of the acute viral infections, for example---herpes encephalitis is another one---you have to be so careful, and if you suspect any of them, even if they're with possibly atypical manifestations, you treat first and then diagnose later, and draw all your cultures, whatever you need to, and just treat them. And these infections can also cause cerebral edema, so one has to be careful about doing spinal taps in these individuals. You want some kind of neuroimaging before you do them. In the days when we didn't have neuroimaging, we used to say, "Okay, if your patient has focal neurological signs or is comatose, you don't do it." But these days, you can get imaging very quickly and very easily. All the-- Because of our stroke management, we've learned how to do them so quickly. So, I think there's little excuse not to do imaging and prevent herniation from occurring.  Dr Berkowitz: That's very helpful. So, using the information we know about the drug, and we're going to rapid-fire review some of that in a bit to know what infections the patient is susceptible to, but acknowledging that any patient can get any infection, right? Whether they're on particular medications or not. And then if you're not sure, based on the neuroimaging, which as you said, is helpful, but not always helpful in distinguishing between infections and flares or, as you said, in the case of meningitis, encephalitis, early on at least, especially in immunocompromised or immunomodulated, quote unquote, patient might not see the typical imaging. So really, when safe, getting CSF or cultures, PCRs, and other infectious studies too is really gonna be the definitive diagnostic maneuver here. Is that fair summary across the board?  Dr Nath: I think you said that absolutely right. And you summarized that correctly. And, you know, thing about infection, a lot of neurological diseases are, you know, diagnosed by clinical acumen, like your Parkinson's and Alzheimer's and others. Think about infections is caused by an organism, demonstrate the organism, right? That should be your goal. It doesn't mean that clinical acumen is not important, but here you have an opportunity to demonstrate the organism, so you should depend upon that.  Dr Berkowitz: Okay. Well, you gave us a nice segue by talking about some of the infections to worry about with some of the medications. So what I'd like to do now for the sort of second half of our interview here is to go through some of the more common medications used for MS, and if we have time, for NMO, and just sort of go kind of rapid fire here, and for each medication, if you can tell us the kind of top infectious concerns and whether when to consider them or what screening needs to take place before or during administration of the medication, and then any vaccine considerations we should be aware of. Some of these will obviously be quite short depending on the medicine. So, going back to the two medications I alluded to earlier that were the only ones in play when you and I last saw each other on the wards when I was a medical student, beta interferon, glatiramer acetate, any infections or vaccine considerations with these medications?  Dr Nath: No, I think they're probably your safest medications now as far as immunomodulatory therapies are concerned. These two, and IVIG, if you ever use them, are probably the safest, do not require any vaccine considerations, per se. Dr Berkowitz: Perfect. Okay. So, moving on to fingolimod and others in the sphingosine-one phosphate receptor modulator family, what are the infectious considerations? Any prescreening or vaccination considerations?  Dr Nath: I think all your patients should be prescreened for antibodies to JC virus, because there is a risk for PML, and those who are positive should be closely monitored. So, it's not an absolute contraindication for using these medications, but they just require closer monitoring. With this class of drugs, PML is of consideration. Also, these varicella-zoster virus infection, yeah, with that you can develop zoster encephalitis or myelitis. It can present with motor symptoms as well, which can be atypical. You don't usually see them otherwise in immune-competent individuals. So, varicella-zoster, sometimes you can develop encephalitis, also vasculitis with varicella-zoster, so one has to be careful. So, getting the shingles vaccine can be actually very helpful to prevent these things. And then some patients can even develop herpes simplex encephalitis also, and that can be extremely atypical. So, they don't- they can involve the basal ganglia, can involve the brain stem and cerebellum. So again, your index of suspicion should be very high. Interestingly, although HSV encephalitis has been associated with NMDA receptor encephalitis, those reports of NMDA receptor encephalitis have not been published yet with NMS patients. Not sure why, maybe they just have been missed. But that doesn't seem to be a major concern. And then there are a whole host of other infections that can occur with this class of drugs, and that can include toxo; fungal infections, particularly crypto. There's a case report of histoplasmosis; hepatitis virus, particularly hepatitis C; and then the poxvirus is a good example. You can get molluscum contagiosum; warts with papillomavirus; you can get atypical mycobacteria; and even Kaposi sarcoma, which is HHV8. So, there's a huge variety of infections with the sphingosine one phosphate receptor modulators.  Dr Berkowitz: And any- aside from screening for JC virus before initiating these, any- and then continuing to monitor for JC antibody index, any other considerations as far as labs to send, monitoring before or on the drug or vaccine considerations for patients on fingolimod and the others in this category, siponimod, etcetera?  Dr Nath: Yeah, there are a lot of things to consider. All the details are really available in the chapter if you look at them. But briefly, all the things that one could potentially vaccinate patients for, all these infections I mentioned, one should do so. The timing is critical so that if you can do it before treatment, I think, before starting treatment, that is absolutely important. And you got to give them at least, you know, two to three weeks for these vaccines to take effect before starting your medication. If your patient already arrives on a medication, then you got to play this game of you know, before the next dose, give them again two to three weeks before the next dose and start vaccinating them and get all the vaccines in. Broadly, about the things to worry about the vaccines are you have live vaccines, and you've got the inactivated vaccines or the subunit vaccines. You have to be careful with live vaccines, because if your patient is immunocompromised, that virus can sometimes itself cause harm. For example, you know, yellow fever is one, and there you can develop encephalitis from it. Measles, mumps, rubella, these are all live vaccines. Now, the good thing is that a lot of us have been immunized very early in childhood, but that may not be the case any longer. And so, these things, one has to be very careful with when you're giving live vaccines, that we want to avoid them as much as possible, and individuals are gonna be immune-compromised. But all the others, meningococcus, for example, you should- the HPV vaccines, the varicella zoster vaccines, all these things, you've got to pre-vaccinate and make sure that they have an antibody response to them before starting immunocompromising therapy. Dr Berkowitz: Perfect. Okay, moving on to some of the other orals. What infectious and/or vaccine considerations do we have with teriflunomide?  Dr Nath: Okay, yeah. Teriflunomide is a very interesting drug. It's relatively safe. There is concern about the possibility of varicella zoster infection, people have reported that, and also tuberculosis. But PML is extremely rare, if not at all, and we haven't seen herpes encephalitis quite yet.  Dr Berkowitz: Got it. How about dimethyl fumarate? Dr Nath: Yeah. So dimethyl fumarate is... as I mentioned earlier, it's interesting because it causes this neutropenia. It's transient, but it occurs early on, and these patients can be at risk of PML, although small. They can develop varicella zoster virus infection, herpes encephalitis, and also fungal infections. For example, cryptococcal infection has been reported with dimethyl fumarate. Dr Berkowitz: Okay. We've spoken a bit about natalizumab and PML, and you have extensive information on this in your article, and I'll defer the reader to that. But for natalizumab, what are the key points every neurologist should know about natalizumab and PML as far as from the practical perspective, screening, frequency of screening, when to worry, when to not use natalizumab at all in the first place based on what you find in your screening for JC virus? What are the key points every neurologist should know?  Dr Nath: Uh, yes. You bring up an important point, and that is all patients should be monitored for JC virus. If they're JC virus-negative, so that's your most ideal patient to go on natalizumab, but that doesn't mean they cannot get infected with the virus. In fact, there's an interesting study claiming that, you know, patients, when they get these infusions, they're all sitting in the same room getting infused. Some have JC virus, some don't have JC virus, and so there's the potential that we may be aiding the transmission here in some way or another. The virus is an interesting one. It comes out in urine, and then it's spread through oral contamination, gets into the tonsils, and then spreads from there to your marrow and resides in the kidney and the marrow, as well as the lymph nodes, forever. So, you, you have to monitor these patients to see that during the course, even if they're negative, they could turn out positive. So, every six months or a year, an antibody test should be done on all patients irrespective. If a patient already has antibodies, that's not an absolute contraindication. It just means you've got to monitor them closely for development of new symptoms, and if, whenever there are new symptoms, don't just assume this is due to MS, but just make sure the MRI is done with and without contrast. The- and if there's still a suspicion, that you do a CSF evaluation for JC virus. Just detecting, looking for JC virus in the blood, a rising titer is another thing that can help you. And so, the titer is also important. And the reason you have rising titers is it means that there's an infection that's already occurred in the brain, and the immune system is reacting to that infection by increasing titers. But that alone is not sufficient to make the diagnosis. You still- that gives you an index of suspicion. You've got to then do the MRI and the spinal tap to, you know, be absolutely certain. So, each patient is a little bit different, so the way you monitor them is going to depend on where they are. You know, if they've had prior immunomodulatory therapy before starting natalizumab, or if they're on natalizumab for more than two years, then the chances of PML are much greater, so you may want to monitor them more closely. Uh, they never had any prior immunomodulatory therapy, you're just starting natalizumab, maybe once a year is sufficient. So, I think you've got to tailor it depending on what your risks are for each patient. Dr Berkowitz: Perfect. That's very helpful. And again, you write extensively about PML and natalizumab and PML considerations in your article. So, for a more detailed and in-depth discussion of what we just discussed, definitely hope readers will take a look at your article. Okay. Last but not least---certainly not least, 'cause we're using these probably, it seems, the most commonly in many places I've worked---rituximab, ocrelizumab are B-cell therapies for MS. What are some of the infectious and vaccine considerations related to these infusion medications?  Dr Nath: So, there's concern for PML with anti-B-cell therapies also, maybe not to the same degree as natalizumab, but the same principles should be applied. A lot of people think that these are relatively safe. I don't think so. I think we see enough number of patients on B-cell therapies with PML. So, I would use the same caution because these infections are... you know, can be fatal. So, one should be very careful, even with anti-B-cell therapies. And just with natalizumab, you also have the risk of VZV infection causing shingles. HSV1 has been reported, but there's another interesting complication that has been reported with anti-B-cell therapies, and that is severe West Nile encephalitis. And as mosquitoes-borne diseases are getting more and more prevalent, and we're seeing West Nile cases erupting every summer, I think one's got to be, you know, very cognizant of the fact that this can occur. These patients should take precautions to prevent mosquito bites from occurring and not expose themselves to areas where they could be at risk for it. Unfortunately, there is no vaccine for it and no specific treatment for West Nile. So, all one can do is use prevention strategies for mosquito bites.  Dr Berkowitz: Yeah, I'm glad you mentioned that. I think the only really truly severe neuroinvasive cases I've seen of West Nile virus have indeed been in patients who were being treated with B-cell therapy. Not, if I'm remembering correctly, for immune-mediated disease, but for a lymphoma, so probably other confounding factors there. But yeah, it's a disease we learn about and think about, but I've only seen the most severe cases in patients who had abnormal immune systems, so I'm glad you flagged that. This has been a very helpful discussion, and I've learned a lot from you. I learned a lot from your article, just as I did when you were my attending some 20-something years ago on the wards when I was a medical student. So, it's good to continue learning from you through your writing and research, and today from getting to talk to you again. I encourage our readers to read your article and to bookmark those tables for when these considerations come up for your patients on these immunomodulatory therapies and you're wondering which infections to worry about and how to manage vaccines in this patient population. So again, today I've been interviewing Dr. Avi Nath about his article on vaccine considerations and infection risk in multiple sclerosis and related disorders, which he wrote with Dr. Amit Bar-Or. This article appears in the April 2026 Continuum issue on multiple sclerosis. Be sure to check out Continuum Audio episodes from this and other issues, and thank you again to our listeners for joining today.  Dr Nath: Thank you so much, Aaron, for that wonderful interview, and I'm extremely proud of all your accomplishments over the last 20 years. You've done an amazing job, and it was such a pleasure to see you and to be able to do this interview with you. Thank you again.  Dr Berkowitz: Thanks. That means a lot. I never would have imagined- we won't say 20, how many, but 20-something years ago as the medical student looking up to you and all your expertise on these infections and all of your research that led to so much of our understanding on these, that I would find myself interviewing you two decades later. So, for all the students listening, you never know where you'll end up, but I appreciate your very kind words.  Dr Nath: That's what we hope for all our students. Thank you so much.  Dr Berkowitz: Thanks again.  Dr Monteith: This is Dr. Teshamae Monteith, Associate Editor of Continuum Audio. If you've enjoyed this episode, you'll love the journal, which is full of in-depth and clinically relevant information important for neurology practitioners. Use the link in the episode notes to learn more and subscribe. AAN members, you can get CME for listening to this interview by completing the evaluation at continpub.com/audioCME. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio.

From rising autism to infertility, Honeycutt ties toxic foods to a national health crisis—and urges regenerative organic solutions. #ChronicDisease #RegenerativeFarming #FoodSystemChange

Between 1918 and 1920, the Spanish Flu killed 50 million people worldwide.  This pandemic, arrived on the heels of WW1, and between the two events, nearly 5% of the world's population was killed.  But there was another pandemic occurring, one that is less well known and less frequently talked about, that remains a mystery to this day.  In the winter of 1916 in Europe, people were seeking medical attention for general malaise.  At first, it looked like a mild case of the flu with fever, headaches, and fatigue.  Many would recover, but some would begin exhibiting tremors and many slowed down mentally and physically, until they were completely immobile despite being conscious and alive.  The symptoms presented on a spectrum, but patients sometimes experienced lethargy or even obtundation, paralysis of eye muscles, rigid muscles, frozen posture, loss of speech, and sudden immobility.  In some cases, the progression was overnight.  In others, it took weeks to months.  Doctors called it Encephalitis Lethargica, but no one really understood it.  Some patients slept for days.  Others stayed awake, trapped inside bodies that no longer moved.  Hundreds of thousands of people lost the ability to walk and talk, and then in 1928 new cases just stopped appearing.  By then, however, there had been more than 1 million cases, and half of those had ended in death.  Those that did survive, often developed a post-encephalitic Parkinsonism leaving them rigid, slow, and unable to move normally for the rest of their lives.And then, just as mysteriously as it appeared… it vanished.  So what was this disease? A viral epidemic? A post-war complication? Something we still don't fully understand?  This week, we're diving into one of the most unsettling medical mysteries in modern history, Encephalitis Lethargica, also known as the Sleeping Sickness.Send us Fan MailSupport the showTheme song by INDA

Send us Fan MailIn this episode meet Luke Spencer and Kat Yee. At age 12, Luke was diagnosed with Fredrich's Ataxia, and in May 2024, after a series of complications at the age of 25, he had a pacemaker put in that both Kat and Luke lovingly refer to C-3PO.This is the story of how Luke wanted to snorkelling in Fiji after his pacemaker was put in at the age of 25, and how Kat supported Luke as an Exercise Physiologist at NeuroMoves Lismore, and then as his support worker and most importantly, his friend when they finally got to snorkelling in Fiji at the end of 2025.We believe that stories lived experience is the best way for people to learn about disability and help take action. Information in this episodeNeuroMoves specialised exercise service https://neuromoves.org.au/Friedreich Ataxia (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/friedreich-ataxiaSupanova Comic Con & Gaming https://www.supanova.com.au/C-3PO (Star Wars) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-3POCreditsThis episode has been written, produced and edited by Susan Wood. Logo art by Cobie Ann Moore.If you would like to email us with a podcast topic request email community@scia.org.au with the subject heading 'Podcast Topic Request'Spinal Cord Injuries Australia is a for-purpose organisation that supports people with a spinal cord injury and other neurological conditions. For more information about our supports and services, visit our Resource Hub at https://scia.org.au/resource-hub/.

Moderator: Kirsten R. Müller-Vahl (Hanover, Germany) Guest: Natalia Szejko (Warsaw, Poland) and Anna Dunalska (Warsaw, Poland) In this episode, Kirsten R. Müller-Vahl speaks with Natalia Szejko and Anna Dunalska about functional neurological disorders and the influence of social media. They discuss common clinical presentations, challenges in diagnosis based on positive signs, and the impact of online information on symptom expression, patient expectations, and clinical management, with implications for contemporary neurological practice.

April 13, 2026 ~ On this episode of HealthWatch, Lloyd Jackson speaks with Dr. Aaron Ellenbogen, a movement disorder specialist at the Michigan Institute for Neurological Disorders and president of the Michigan Parkinson's Foundation, to shed light on the often‑overlooked realities of Parkinson's disease. The conversation explores how early warning signs—ranging from subtle movement changes to sleep disturbances and loss of smell—can appear years before a formal diagnosis, and why recognizing those clues matters. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See https://pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

April 13, 2026 ~ On this episode of HealthWatch, Lloyd Jackson speaks with Dr. Aaron Ellenbogen, a movement disorder specialist at the Michigan Institute for Neurological Disorders and president of the Michigan Parkinson's Foundation, to shed light on the often‑overlooked realities of Parkinson's disease. The conversation explores how early warning signs—ranging from subtle movement changes to sleep disturbances and loss of smell—can appear years before a formal diagnosis, and why recognizing those clues matters. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See https://pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

April 13, 2026 ~ On this episode of HealthWatch, Lloyd Jackson speaks with Dr. Aaron Ellenbogen, a movement disorder specialist at the Michigan Institute for Neurological Disorders and president of the Michigan Parkinson's Foundation, to shed light on the often‑overlooked realities of Parkinson's disease. The conversation explores how early warning signs—ranging from subtle movement changes to sleep disturbances and loss of smell—can appear years before a formal diagnosis, and why recognizing those clues matters. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See https://pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Moderator: Primavera Spagnolo (Boston, MA) Guest: Natalia Szejko (Warsaw, Poland) and Anna Dunalska (Warsaw, Poland) In this episode, Primavera Spagnolo speaks with Natalia Szejko and Anna Dunalska about functional neurological disorders, focusing on the influence of biological sex and gender on their development and clinical presentation. They discuss diagnostic features, epidemiology and female predominance, neurobiological and sociocultural factors, sex-related differences in presentation and comorbidities, and implications for sex- and gender-informed diagnosis and multidisciplinary care in neurological practice.

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New studies are exploring purposes for GLP-1s beyond diabetes and weight loss.

Are you a researcher interested in getting involved in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) clinical trials? The Institute on Methods and Protocols for Advancement of Clinical Trials in ADRD, or IMPACT-AD, program brings investigators from around the world together for a week of professional development and education. IMPACT-AD co-directors Dr. Josh Grill and Dr. Rema Raman, as well as faculty member Dr. Maria Carrillo, join the podcast to explain what the program entails, their mission and more. Guests: Josh Grill, PhD, director, Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, professor, University of California, Irvine (UCI), co-director, IMPACT-AD, Rema Raman, PhD, co-director, IMPACT-AD, director, Biostatistics Section and Recruitment, Engagement, and Retention Section, Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute (ATRI), professor of neurology, University of Southern California (USC), and Maria Carrillo, PhD, chief science officer, medical affairs lead, Alzheimer's Association, co-principal investigator, Alzheimer's Network for Treatment and Diagnostics (ALZ-NET), co-principal investigator, Longitudinal Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS) Show Notes Learn more and apply for the 2026 IMPACT-AD program on their website.  Listen to our previous episode with Rema Raman, “Making an IMPACT: Advancing Alzheimer's Disease Clinical Trials Through Workforce Development and Inclusivity,” on our website, Spotify, Apple Podcasts and wherever you listen. Listen to our previous episodes with Josh Grill, “The Case for Disclosing Biomarker Results to Alzheimer's Research Participants” and “Improving Registries and Representation in Alzheimer's Disease Research” on our website. Read more about Dr. Raman in her USC Keck School of Medicine Profile. Read more about Dr. Grill in his UCI faculty profile. Read more about Dr. Carrillo on the Alzheimer's Association website.  Connect with us Find transcripts and more at our website. Email Dementia Matters: dementiamatters@medicine.wisc.edu Follow us on Facebook and Twitter. Subscribe to the Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center's e-newsletter. Enjoy Dementia Matters? Consider making a gift to the Dementia Matters fund through the UW Initiative to End Alzheimer's. All donations go toward outreach and production. Learn about and pre-order Dr. Chin's book, When Memory Fades: What to Expect at Every Stage, from Early Signs to Full Support for Alzheimer's and Dementia, out June 2, 2026.

Mind, Music, & Movement Foundation for Neurological Disorders & NeuroRhythms 2026See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

A lot of us aren't just tired—we're worn down. In a world that keeps demanding more attention, more productivity, and more endurance, our nervous systems are struggling to keep up. This episode kicks off our season on wellness by starting at the most basic place recovery happens: sleep.You can also watch the very first Brain Blown Podcast episode on video on our YouTube channel!>> Support the Brain Blown on Patreon>> Have questions, stories, or topics you want us to cover? Email us at info@brainblownpodcast.com.>> Learn more at www.brainblownpodcast.comREFERENCES:Falup‑Pecurariu, C., Diaconu, Ș., Țînț, D., & Falup‑Pecurariu, O. — Neurobiology of Sleep (Review)National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeLee, A. E., Ancoli-Israel, S., Eyler, L. T., Tu, X. M., Palmer, B. W., Irwin, M. R., & Jeste, D. V. — Sleep Disturbances and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Schizophrenia: Focus on Sex DifferencesPocivavsek, A., & Rowland, L. M. — Basic Neuroscience Illuminates Causal Relationship Between Sleep and Memory: Translating to SchizophreniaPeever, J., & Fuller, P. M. — Neuroscience: A Distributed Neural Network Controls REM SleepAulsebrook, A. E., Jones, T. M., Rattenborg, N. C., Roth II, T. C., & Lesku, J. A. — Sleep Ecophysiology: Integrating Neuroscience and EcologySimon, K. C., Nadel, L., & Payne, J. D. — The Functions of Sleep: A Cognitive Neuroscience PerspectiveUrry, E., & Landolt, H.-P. — Adenosine, Caffeine, and Performance: From Cognitive Neuroscience of Sleep to Sleep PharmacogeneticsKay, D. B., & Buysse, D. J. — Hyperarousal and Beyond: New Insights into the Pathophysiology of Insomnia Disorder through Functional Neuroimaging StudiesZielinski, M. R., McKenna, J. T., & McCarle, R. W. — Functions and Mechanisms of SleepMarques, D. R., Gomes, A. A., Caetano, G., & Castelo-Branco, M. — Insomnia Disorder and Brain's Default-Mode Network

Good morning from Pharma Daily: the podcast that brings you the most important developments in the pharmaceutical and biotech world. As we delve into the year 2025, it's clear that the pharmaceutical and biotech industries have been navigating a complex landscape filled with both challenges and remarkable advancements. Despite regulatory uncertainties and broader economic fluctuations, the FDA approved 55 new treatments and vaccines this year. Although this figure represents a slight decline from previous years, it underscores the sector's resilience and steadfast commitment to innovation even amid external pressures.One significant development in oncology comes from Incyte, which is advancing its application for FDA approval of a seven-drug Monjuvi regimen as a first-line treatment for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. This move is backed by positive Phase 3 trial results, highlighting Monjuvi's potential to enhance treatment options for this aggressive cancer type. However, Incyte may face hurdles in gaining regulatory approval and achieving commercial success, reflecting the competitive nature of oncology therapeutics.In obesity management, Novo Nordisk introduced its once-daily Wegovy pill in the U.S., marking a milestone in the field. Priced at $149 per month for cash-paying patients with potential discounts for those insured, Wegovy's launch could shift market dynamics significantly by offering a more accessible treatment option. This aligns with the growing global focus on obesity as a critical public health issue.The industry also saw substantial investments to bolster manufacturing capabilities. Daiichi Sankyo announced plans to invest $1.9 billion to expand Enhertu production facilities across countries such as the United States, China, Japan, and Germany. This strategic move aims to strengthen supply chain robustness and meet anticipated demand for Enhertu, a pivotal player in cancer therapeutics. Meanwhile, economic pressures are palpable as drugmakers raised prices on over 350 products at the start of the year, surpassing previous years' increases. This reflects ongoing tensions around drug pricing policies and affordability, posing challenges for industry stakeholders and patients alike.The labor landscape within biopharma has been affected as well, with layoffs increasing by 16% year-over-year in 2025. These reductions highlight ongoing cost-cutting measures amid financial uncertainties and strategic realignments within companies. Yet, strategic partnerships continue to shape research and development efforts, particularly in autoimmune diseases. Sanofi's collaboration with AI biotech Earendil Labs could potentially reach $2.5 billion, emphasizing the increasing role of artificial intelligence in drug discovery and development processes. These collaborations are poised to accelerate advancements in personalized medicine and innovative therapeutic approaches.Regulatory activities have also seen notable developments this year. GSK's Nucala received approval for treating COPD in China, expanding its therapeutic scope beyond asthma. This regulatory progress signifies opportunities for existing drugs to access new markets and indications. However, the National Institutes of Health faced leadership challenges with the departure of its National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke director. This adds to a series of leadership changes across NIH institutes, raising concerns about stability within this pivotal organization responsible for advancing medical research.Turning now to significant scientific advancements and clinical trials, promising results emerged from studies focused on cellular energy boosters aimed at treating Alzheimer's disease. A molecule that restores cellular energy was shown to reverse cognitive decline in mice with advanced Alzheimer's, suggesting a potential new class of therapeutics for this debilitating condition. Support the show

Restless Legs Syndrome is a common condition characterized by an irresistible urge to move the legs. We look at what causes it, the symptoms, as well as diagnosis (criteria) and treatment options. PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/pages/neurologyConsider subscribing (if you found any of the info useful!): https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCRks8wB6vgz0E7buP0L_5RQ?sub_confirmation=1Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/rhesusmedicineBuy Us A Coffee!: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/rhesusmedicineTimestamps:0:00 What is Restless Legs Syndrome? 0:31 Restless Legs Syndrome Symptoms 1:47 Restless Legs Syndrome Causes4:08 Restless Legs Syndrome Risk Factors / Epidemiology4:45 Restless Legs Syndrome Diagnosis (With Criteria) 5:36 Restless Legs Syndrome Treatment  References:StatPearls. (2021). Restless Legs Syndrome. [online] Available at: https://www.statpearls.com/articlelibrary/viewarticle/28429/ NCBIBMJ Best Practice. (2023). Restless legs syndrome – Aetiology. [online] Available at: https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/65/aetiology BMJ Best PracticeNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (2025). Restless Legs Syndrome Fact Sheet. [online] Available at: https://www.ninds.nih.gov/restless-legs-syndrome-fact-sheetInternational Association for the Study of Pain (IASP). (1979). Pain Terminology. [online] Available at: https://www.iasp-pain.org/resources/terminology/ iasp-pain.orgDisclaimer: Please remember this video and all content from Rhesus Medicine is for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not a guide to diagnose or to treat any form of condition. The content is not to be used to guide clinical practice and is not medical advice. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice.

In this episode of the Brain and Life podcast, Dr. Daniel Correa is joined by Dr. John P. Ney, MD, MPH, FAAN, a neurologist and health policy researcher at Yale University. Dr. Ney is one of the authors of a new study that has revealed that one in two people in the United States is affected by a neurological disease or disorder. Drs. Correa and Ney discuss these findings, what they mean for you, and practical steps anyone can take to maximize their brain health.   Articles Mentioned Study Finds More than Half of Americans Live with a Neurological Condition What is Tension-Type Headache? 10 Ways to Protect Your Brain from Air Pollution What is Migraine?   Other Brain & Life Podcast Episodes on These Topics Answering Your Questions for World Brain Day Environmental Factors and Parkinson's Disease with Dr. Michael Okun Recognizing Sleep Awareness Month with Dr. Joanna Fong-Isariyawongse   We want to hear from you! Have a question or want to hear a topic featured on the Brain & Life Podcast? ·       Record a voicemail at 612-928-6206 ·       Email us at BLpodcast@brainandlife.org   Social Media:   Guest: Dr. John P. Ney @yalemedicine Hosts: Dr. Daniel Correa @neurodrcorrea; Dr. Katy Peters @KatyPetersMDPhD

Dr. Rade relays his family member's journey with severe GBS and the protocol they used to facilitate the fullest and fastest healing possible.  While the story is about GBS, many of the treatment thoughts and approaches can apply to other neurological conditions, such as spinal cord issues, peripheral nerve injuries, etc.   To join Dr. Rade's mailing list to get free access to the first two parts of his Overcoming Chronic Illness Course: https://eastcoastnaturopathic.com/dr-bryan-rade-mailing-list If you would like to have Dr. Rade consult on your case, please visit https://eastcoastnaturopathic.com/ Dr. Rade's Instagram page: https://www.instagram.com/dr.bryanrade.nd/ Dr. Rade's YouTube channel: https://youtube.com/@halifaxnaturopathicdoctor6227  

Dr. Joe Tafur and Natasha Pentin spoke with Canadian adult and pediatric neurologist Dr. Evan Cole Lewis to explore how epilepsy, trauma, and brain networks intertwine. We discuss pediatric epilepsy, cannabis for seizures, Functional Neurological Disorders (FND), and emerging psychedelic-assisted therapy treatments. Dr. Lewis talks about the differences between structural brain injury and brain “software” disruption, shining light on the world of trauma-based neurological symptoms. Dr. Lewis holds a clinical appointment as Adjunct Assistant Professor in the Department of Pediatrics at the Hospital for Sick Children and at the University of Toronto. Currently practicing at North Toronto Neurology and Homeward Therapy, Dr. Lewis focuses on epilepsy, brain injury, concussion and post-concussion symptoms, functional neurological disorders, and the therapeutic use of cannabis and psychedelics in these conditions.You can see more of Dr. Lewis's work here:  YouTube Website North Toronto Neurology Psychedelic Therapy (Homeward Therapy - coming soon). Newly published textbook for real-world medical cannabis prescribing, that Dr. Lewis conceived and edited with support of Medical Cannabis Clinicians Society. Designed for physicians, nurse practitioners, and healthcare educators. Case report mentioned (36:28)   For Dr. Joe Tafur's newsletter and Patreon: https://www.modernspirit.org/patreon Timestamps: (00:00) Introduction and Dr. Lewis's Background(01:57) WeCann Conference Meeting(04:16) Cannabis for Pediatric Epilepsy(05:47) Success Stories with Cannabis(9:30) Harm-Reduction Approach & Opening a Clinic(12:40) Medication for Different Types of Seizures (15:33) Psychedelics Treatment & Brain Networks(18:58) Functional Neurological Disorders (FND) & Non-Epileptic Seizures (22:19) The Brain's Structure vs Software (23:44) Diagnosing FND(29:19) Concussion and FND(33:55) Psychedelics and Brain Network Disruption(36:01) FND Also Rooted in Trauma Rather Than Physical Injury(39:44) Bridging Neurology and Psychology(45:08) Challenges and Risks of Psychedelic Treatments(54:54) Importance of Medical Education in Psychedelics(01:01:57) Future Projects and Research Initiatives

Welcome to PsychEd, the psychiatry podcast for medical learners, by medical learners.This episode covers Functional Neurological Disorder with Dr. Patricia Rosebush. Dr. Rosebush is a Professor in the Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences at McMaster University. She is the distinguished author of numerous articles on clinical neuroscience, including considerable work on mitochondrial disorders in mental illness and over 30 papers on catatonia, and practices consultation-liaison psychiatry at St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton.The learning objectives for this episode are as follows:Provide a definition and conceptual approach to FNDIdentify clinical signs and patient histories relevant to a diagnosis of FNDDescribe an approach to the treatment of FNDUnderstand the special challenges of communication and collaboration in this illnessGuest: Dr. Patricia RosebushHosts: Dr. Alastair Morrison, Dr. Kate BraithwaiteAudio editing: Dr. Alastair MorrisonShow notes: Dr. Kate BraithwaiteInterview content:(02:39) Learning objectives(03:09) Conceptualization of FND(08:30) Underlying psychological processes(09:35) Difference between FND and factitious disorder/malingering(14:54) Alexithymia(16:51) Common symptomatic presentations(18:00) Types of underlying stressors(19:17) Other risk factors for FND(22:12) Communicating with patients to address stigma(24:32) Psychotherapy in FND(29:36) Referral pathways for patients with FND(31:15) Prognosis of FND(33:09) Social media and FNDResources:Functional Neurological Disorder Society. Functional Neurological Disorder Society (FNDS). Includes a podcast and courses for physiciansFunctional Neurological Disorder (FND) – A Patient's Guide to FNDReferences:Hull, M., & Parnes, M. (2021). Tics and TikTok: Functional Tics Spread Through Social Media. Movement disorders clinical practice, 8(8), 1248–1252. https://doi.org/10.1002/mdc3.13267National Institute for Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (2024, July.) Functional Neurological Disorder.  U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. Functional Neurologic Disorder | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokePsychDB. (2024, April). Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Disorder. Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Disorder) - PsychDBRosebush, P. I., & Mazurek, M. F. (2011). Treatment of conversion disorder in the 21st century: have we moved beyond the couch?. Current treatment options in neurology, 13(3), 255–266. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11940-011-0124-yScamvougeras, A., & Castle, D. (2024). Functional Neurological Disorders: Challenging the Mainstream Agnostic Causative Position. Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, 69(7), 487–492. https://doi.org/10.1177/07067437241245957For more PsychEd, follow us on Instagram (@psyched.podcast),  Facebook (PsychEd Podcast), X (@psychedpodcast), and Bluesky (@psychedpodcast.bsky.social‬). You can email us at psychedpodcast@gmail.com and visit our website at psychedpodcast.org.

Sign up for updates on webinars, events, and resources for the Parkinson's community—delivered to your inbox. https://dpf.org/newsletter-signup In the final episode of this three-part series, Connie Carpenter Phinney and Dr. Mark Mapstone explore the emotional and cognitive changes that can occur as Parkinson's progresses. They talk openly about issues like apathy, anxiety, executive function decline, and how these changes can affect relationships, communication, safety, and daily life—including decisions around driving and independence. While the conversation acknowledges grief, frustration, and loss, it also offers insight, practical advice, and strategies for living well through change. This episode is for anyone facing or seeking to understand the emotional and cognitive realities of Parkinson's—people diagnosed, care partners, and clinicians alike. Connie Carpenter Phinney is a co-founder of the Davis Phinney Foundation and has been her husband's care partner for over 25 years. Her background in science combined with her lived experience and curiosity helped shape this conversation with neuropsychologist Dr. Mark Mapstone. Connie is the host of the Foundation's Care Partner Meetup, a monthly virtual meetup for Parkinson's care partners held the first Tuesday of each month. To attend the meetup, sign up here: https://davisphinneyfoundation.org/events/parkinsons-care-partner-meetup/ Dr. Mark Mapstone is Professor of Neurology at the University of California, Irvine School of Medicine. He is a member of the UCI Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders and a Fellow of the UCI Center for Neurobiology of Learning and Memory. His research focuses on pre-clinical detection of neurological disease using cognitive tests and biomarkers obtained from blood. He has a special interest in developing strategies to maintain successful cognitive aging. In the clinic, he specializes in cognitive assessment of older adults with suspected brain disease. Dr. Mapstone earned a PhD in Clinical Psychology at Northwestern University and completed fellowship training in Neuropsychology and Experimental Therapeutics at the University of Rochester. He received a Career Development Award from the National Institute on Aging and his research has been funded by the National Institutes of Health, the Michael J. Fox Foundation, and the Department of Defense. This content is possible thanks to the generosity of our listeners. Every day more people are diagnosed with Parkinson's, and this means our work is more important than ever. Please support our work by visiting https://dpf.org/donate. Interested in our Living with Parkinson's Meetup, Care Partner Meetup, or Live Well Today Webinars? Learn how to join. https://dpf.org/webinars

Sign up for updates on webinars, events, and resources for the Parkinson's community—delivered to your inbox. https://dpf.org/newsletter-signup In this episode, Connie and Dr. Mapstone dive into the role of neuropsychology in Parkinson's care. They explain what a neuropsychological evaluation is, what to expect during an office or virtual visit, and how results can help guide treatment, daily planning, and care strategies. This episode also discusses why someone might be referred, how testing works, and what insights it can offer for both individuals and families. **This content is possible thanks to the generosity of our listeners. Every day more people are diagnosed with Parkinson's, and this means our work is more important than ever. Please support our work by visiting https://dpf.org/donate.** Connie Carpenter Phinney Connie Carpenter Phinney is a co-founder of the Davis Phinney Foundation and has been her husband's care partner for over 25 years. Her background in science combined with her lived experience and curiosity helped shape this conversation with neuropsychologist Dr. Mark Mapstone. Connie is the host of the Foundation's Care Partner Meetup, a monthly virtual meetup for Parkinson's care partners held the first Tuesday of each month. To attend the meetup, sign up here: https://davisphinneyfoundation.org/events/parkinsons-care-partner-meetup/ Dr. Mark Mapstone Mark Mapstone is Professor of Neurology at the University of California, Irvine School of Medicine. He is a member of the UCI Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders and a Fellow of the UCI Center for Neurobiology of Learning and Memory. His research focuses on pre-clinical detection of neurological disease using cognitive tests and biomarkers obtained from blood. He has a special interest in developing strategies to maintain successful cognitive aging. In the clinic, he specializes in cognitive assessment of older adults with suspected brain disease. Dr. Mapstone earned a PhD in Clinical Psychology at Northwestern University and completed fellowship training in Neuropsychology and Experimental Therapeutics at the University of Rochester. He received a Career Development Award from the National Institute on Aging and his research has been funded by the National Institutes of Health, the Michael J. Fox Foundation, and the Department of Defense. Interested in our Living with Parkinson's Meetup, Care Partner Meetup, or Live Well Today Webinars? Learn how to join. https://dpf.org/webinars

Sign up for updates on webinars, events, and resources for the Parkinson's community—delivered to your inbox. https://dpf.org/newsletter-signup In the first episode of our three-part series about neuropsychology and Parkinson's, Connie Carpenter Phinney and Dr. Mark Mapstone explore how brain chemistry, especially dopamine, relates to thinking, movement, and mood in Parkinson's. They break down key terms like cognition and executive function and offer insights into how Parkinson's affects brain systems beyond motor symptoms. This episode lays the groundwork for understanding how the brain works—and what happens when it changes. **This content is possible thanks to the generosity of our listeners. Every day more people are diagnosed with Parkinson's, and this means our work is more important than ever. Please support our work by visiting https://dpf.org/donate.** Interested in our Living with Parkinson's Meetup, Care Partner Meetup, or Live Well Today Webinars? Learn how to join. https://dpf.org/webinars Visit https://dpf.org to learn more about the Davis Phinney Foundation for Parkinson's. Speaker Bios: Connie Carpenter Phinney Connie Carpenter Phinney is a co-founder of the Davis Phinney Foundation and has been her husband's care partner for over 25 years. Her background in science combined with her lived experience and curiosity helped shape this conversation with neuropsychologist Dr. Mark Mapstone. Connie is the host of the Foundation's Care Partner Meetup, a monthly virtual meetup for Parkinson's care partners held the first Tuesday of each month. To attend the meetup, sign up here: https://davisphinneyfoundation.org/events/parkinsons-care-partner-meetup/ Dr. Mark Mapstone Mark Mapstone is Professor of Neurology at the University of California, Irvine School of Medicine. He is a member of the UCI Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders and a Fellow of the UCI Center for Neurobiology of Learning and Memory. His research focuses on pre-clinical detection of neurological disease using cognitive tests and biomarkers obtained from blood. He has a special interest in developing strategies to maintain successful cognitive aging. In the clinic, he specializes in cognitive assessment of older adults with suspected brain disease. Dr. Mapstone earned a PhD in Clinical Psychology at Northwestern University and completed fellowship training in Neuropsychology and Experimental Therapeutics at the University of Rochester. He received a Career Development Award from the National Institute on Aging and his research has been funded by the National Institutes of Health, the Michael J. Fox Foundation, and the Department of Defense.

Tune into the latest podcast from the American Neurological Association (ANA), ANA Investigates: 75 Years of NINDS. This year marks the 75th anniversary of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)—an opportunity to reflect on the institute's past achievements and look ahead to the future of neurological research.  This month, ANA Investigates welcomes Dr. Walter Koroshetz, Director of NINDS, in conversation with Dr. Adeline Goss, Neurohospitalist at Highland Hospital. Dr. Koroshetz joined the institute in 2007 as Deputy Director and became Director in 2015. Before joining the NINDS, he served as Vice Chair of Neurology, Director of Stroke and Neurointensive Care Services at Massachusetts General Hospital, and neurologist in the MGH Huntington's Disease Clinic.   Tune in as they discuss highlights from the NINDS's 75-year history and explore what lies ahead for neurological research and innovation. Guest: Walter J. Koroshetz, MD, FANA Director National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Interviewer: Adeline Goss, MD Neurohospitalist Highland Hospital Disclosures: None

August 7, 2025 ~ Dr. Daniel Singer, neurologist with the Michigan Institute for Neurological Disorders and Debi Banooni, Program Director for The Brown Center, join Kevin ahead of the free program they are hosting at the Brown Center in Southfield on August 13 to discuss the latest diagnostic tests and treatments for Alzheimer's Disease which affects so many people in the Detroit community.

SAT's getting shorter to match diminished attention spans of college applicants; Comprehensive review finds most of the studies on which we base our most accepted drugs and medical therapies are flawed; A heart drug approved in 2011 and used by millions comes under renewed scrutiny due to research irregularities; Best supplements for preventing osteoporosis; Tremors after Covid shot; Researchers discover how exercise lowers Alzheimer's risk; Two new studies show exercise curbs cancer recurrence.

June 30, 2025 ~ Discover how the Michigan Institute for Neurological Disorders (MIND) is transforming care for patients with chronic headaches, migraines, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. Through expert insights from board-certified neurologists, you'll learn about cutting-edge treatments, the latest research breakthroughs, and how compassionate, personalized care is improving lives.

June 30, 2025 ~ Discover how the Michigan Institute for Neurological Disorders (MIND) is transforming care for patients with chronic headaches, migraines, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. Through expert insights from board-certified neurologists, you'll learn about cutting-edge treatments, the latest research breakthroughs, and how compassionate, personalized care is improving lives.

June 30, 2025 ~ Discover how the Michigan Institute for Neurological Disorders (MIND) is transforming care for patients with chronic headaches, migraines, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. Through expert insights from board-certified neurologists, you'll learn about cutting-edge treatments, the latest research breakthroughs, and how compassionate, personalized care is improving lives.

Host Jeremy Quinby has a conversation with friend and colleague Dr. Eris Reis about treating and diagnosing neurological disorders like headaches, POTS, peripheral neupathy, and the affects of concussion. Together they explore the landscape of support and who they rely upon for collaboration in the case of complex cases and how we can become better parters in integrative care across health care. https://theneuralconnection.com https://nobodystudios.com

They said she'd never walk again. They were dead wrong.Holly's battle with Guillain-Barré Syndrome left her paralyzed and fighting for her life. Now she's fighting to tell her story—raw, unfiltered, and without permission. This isn't your typical medical recovery podcast. It's a brutal awakening to what happens when your body betrays you and the healthcare system fails you simultaneously.Each week, Holly exposes the harsh realities of GBS recovery that doctors don't warn you about, shares battle-tested strategies that actually work, and interviews survivors who refused to become statistics.Your body may have limitations, but your spirit shouldn't be one of them.Follow Holly's journey: Instagram: @hollyaftergbs Facebook: facebook.com/hollyaftergbs YouTube: youtube.com/hollyaftergbsWelcome to the No BS Wealth Podcast with Stoy Hall, your candid guide to financial clarity. In our third year, we're spicing things up by enhancing community ties and bringing you straight, no-fluff financial insights. Connect with us on NoBSWealthPodcast.com, and follow Stoy on social media for the latest episodes and expert discussions. Tune in, join the conversation, and transform your financial journey with us—no BS!As always we ask you to comment, DM, whatever it takes to have a conversation to help you take the next step in your journey, reach out on any platform!Twitter, FaceBook, Instagram, Tiktok, LinkedinDISCLOSURE: Awards and rankings by third parties are not indicative of future performance or client investment success. Past performance does not guarantee future results. All investment strategies carry profit/loss potential and cannot eliminate investment risks. Information discussed may not reflect current positions/recommendations. While believed accurate, Black Mammoth does not guarantee information accuracy. This broadcast is not a solicitation for securities transactions or personalized investment advice. Tax/estate planning information is general - consult professionals for specific situations. Full disclosures at www.blackmammoth.com.

When someone we know or love starts to develop psychological issues, we don't often associate it with a form of dementia. However, this trait is one of the most common signs of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) — the most common neurodegenerative disease in people under the age of 65. In his new book, Mysteries of the Social Brain: Understanding Human Behavior Through Science, Dr. Bruce Miller highlights his experiences observing people with FTD and what they have taught him about what he calls the "social brain."Dr. Bruce Miller has been observing people with FTD for decades in the Memory and Aging Center at the University of San Francisco, where he is also Professor of Neurology and the Founding Director of the Global Brain Health Institute. He shares key insights on how to keep our "social brain" healthy and how it can even unlock our creative potential.

In this episode of the Heart podcast, Digital Media Editor, Professor James Rudd, is joined by Dr Jan Scheitz from Charité University Hospital in Berlin. They discuss how neurological events such as stroke can lead to cardiovascular events and what we can do about it. If you enjoy the show, please leave us a positive review wherever you get your podcasts. It helps us to reach more people - thanks! Link to published paper: https://heart.bmj.com/content/111/3/99?rss=1

In this short podcast, I highlight 10 major neurological disorders that can afflict pregnant women.

Tonight, we are highlighting the topic of strokes with Dr. Clinton B. Wright, Vascular Neurologist and Associate Director at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke as well as putting the 6th Annual Rebel Jam front & center with my friend, Marvin Leathers, as we work to help two young people, Karston Cook & Oaklee Spiller, as they face major health battles.

A 70-year-old client fills in an online intake form, saying she has myasthenia gravis, hypertension, and hypothyroidism. She only takes Synthroid, and says her hypothyroidism and hypertension are well controlled. She has low back pain and muscle soreness. At first glance, this seems fairly simple. MG does not appear to be a major factor for her, because she is not controlling it with medication. But a closer look reveals some possible tangles between MG, hypothyroidism, and some cautions about hypertension drugs. Join me as I completely overthink this situation, it will be fun!   Resources:   Barnes, S. (2023) Massage is not just a luxury for those of us with myasthenia gravis | Myasthenia Gravis News. Available at: https://myastheniagravisnews.com/columns/massage-is-not-just-luxury-those-us-with-myasthenia-gravis/ (Accessed: 16 April 2025).   Myasthenia Gravis (no date a) Physiopedia. Available at: https://www.physio-pedia.com/Myasthenia_Gravis (Accessed: 16 April 2025).   Myasthenia Gravis (no date b). National Library of Medicine. Available at: https://medlineplus.gov/myastheniagravis.html (Accessed: 16 April 2025).   Myasthenia Gravis | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (no date). Available at: https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/myasthenia-gravis (Accessed: 16 April 2025).   Myasthenia gravis - causes, symptoms, treatment, pathology (2016). Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bYGxGdu9MsQ (Accessed: 16 April 2025).   ‘Myasthenia Gravis: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy' (2024). Available at: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1171206-overview (Accessed: 16 April 2025).   Myasthenia Gravis: What Is It? (no date) Cleveland Clinic. Available at: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17252-myasthenia-gravis-mg (Accessed: 16 April 2025).   Sheikh, S. et al. (2021) ‘Drugs That Induce or Cause Deterioration of Myasthenia Gravis: An Update', Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(7), p. 1537. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10071537.     Host Bio:                    Ruth Werner is a former massage therapist, a writer, and an NCBTMB-approved continuing education provider. She wrote A Massage Therapist's Guide to Pathology, now in its seventh edition, which is used in massage schools worldwide. Werner is also a long-time Massage & Bodywork columnist, most notably of the Pathology Perspectives column. Werner is also ABMP's partner on Pocket Pathology, a web-based app and quick reference program that puts key information for nearly 200 common pathologies at your fingertips. Werner's books are available at www.booksofdiscovery.com. And more information about her is available at www.ruthwerner.com.      About our Sponsors:   Anatomy Trains: www.anatomytrains.com    American Massage Conference: www.massagetherapymedia/conferences   Earthlite: www.earthlite.com   Anatomy Trains is a global leader in online anatomy education and also provides in-classroom certification programs for structural integration in the US, Canada, Australia, Europe, Japan, and China, as well as fresh-tissue cadaver dissection labs and weekend courses. The work of Anatomy Trains originated with founder Tom Myers, who mapped the human body into 13 myofascial meridians in his original book, currently in its fourth edition and translated into 12 languages. The principles of Anatomy Trains are used by osteopaths, physical therapists, bodyworkers, massage therapists, personal trainers, yoga, Pilates, Gyrotonics, and other body-minded manual therapists and movement professionals. Anatomy Trains inspires these practitioners to work with holistic anatomy in treating system-wide patterns to provide improved client outcomes in terms of structure and function.                      Website: anatomytrains.com                        Email: info@anatomytrains.com             Facebook: facebook.com/AnatomyTrains                       Instagram: www.instagram.com/anatomytrainsofficial   YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2g6TOEFrX4b-CigknssKHA      American Massage Conference Get ready to immerse yourself in the excitement as the American Massage Conference (AMC) arrives to Disney Springs near Orlando, Florida (May 16th-18th, 2025)! With a legacy of 17 successful years in Ontario, Canada, this premier event, proudly hosted by ONE Concept Conferences and expertly produced by Massage Therapy Media (MTM), boasts a lineup of presenters from across the nation and around the globe. The American Massage Conference began in Atlanta in 2011 and has been hosted through the years in San Diego, Chicago, and Virginia Beach. The conference provides educational opportunities with engaging one-, two-, three- and four-hour class formats, networking opportunities, masterminds, MTM Talks, demonstrations, and an extensive exhibitor tradeshow.   Mark your calendars for an unforgettable experience filled with education, networking, and the celebration of massage therapy excellence! ABMP members receive a special discount to attend this in-person conference—log in to your ABMP account to access the discount code and register today. Website: https://www.massagetherapymedia.com/conferences   Earthlite Unlock an exclusive 20 percent discount on all Earthlite products, from portable tables and chairs to professional sheets and oils. Visit earthlite.com, create an account, and enter your ABMP member ID during registration. Plus, enjoy free ground shipping on orders over $75 and a flat rate of $395 for stationary or electric lift tables. (Prices subject to change at any time.) Significant savings on everything you need to enhance your practice. We are proud to assist you as the “World's No. 1 Brand in Massage!”   Sign-up page: https://www.earthlite.com/customer/account/login/referer/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZWFydGhsaXRlLmNvbS8~/  

In this episode we speak with Dr. Robert Melillo about childhood neurological diseases through the lens of epigenetics and integrative medicine. Dr. Robert Melillo is a world-renowned expert in brain health, specializing in childhood and adult neurological disorders. A clinician, professor, brain researcher, and bestselling author of "Disconnected Kids," he focuses on ADHD, autism, OCD, tics, anxiety, and other developmental issues. Dr. Melillo is dedicated to bridging brain function, behavior, and physical health. His innovative multimodal approach, The Melillo Method, has transformed thousands of lives. Join us as we explore his groundbreaking work and unique insights into the brain. Learning Points: 1. Are the foundational problems in ADHD, autism, and other neurological issues in the gut or the brain? 2. Why do parents need to be cognisant of childhood milestones to identify key stages of brain development? 3. Why is it important to incorporate an integrative plan to address neurological issues? Social Media: Website: https://www.drrobertmelillo.com/ LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/robert-melillo-a287b618b/ Twitter/X: https://twitter.com/DrRobMelillo Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DrRobertMelillo/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/DrRobertMelillo YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@drrobertmelillo

This episode covers:In this episode, we discuss the connection between digestive issues and brain development in children, how technology overstimulates children's brains and what to do about it, how environmental and lifestyle factors significantly influence neurodevelopmental disorders, and so much more.One of the most respected specialists in childhood neurological disorders in America, Dr. Robert Melillo has been helping children overcome learning disabilities for over 30 years. His areas of expertise include: autism spectrum disorders, PDD/NOS, ADD/ADHD, OCD, dyslexia, Asperger's, Tourette's, bipolar disorder, and other mental, attention, behavioral and learning disorders. He is also an expert in diet, nutrition and neuroimmune disorders in children and adults.As a clinician for 30 years, a university professor, brain researcher, best selling author, radio and TV host, his cutting-edge research and success with over a thousand children in his private program are what led to the creation of Brain Balance Achievement Centers. Dr. Melillo has a private practice now that helps adults and children with various learning disabilities. He is focused on addressing the primary issue in most learning disabilities and behavioral disorders which is known as a functional disconnection. Since he introduced this concept, functional disconnection has become one of the leading theories in the world related to Autism, ADHD, Dyslexia and more. This work is leading the way toward understanding the underlying nature of these disorders and their causes.Links mentioned during this episode:Dr. Melillo's Website: https://www.drrobertmelillo.com/Dr. Melillo's Book Disconnected Kids: https://amzn.to/4gWSr7GDr. Melillo's Podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/melillo-method-podcast-everything-brain/id1739403876Dr. Melillo's Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/DrRobertMelilloFree Initial Consultation with Dr. Megan: https://p.bttr.to/3a9lfYkLyons' Share Instagram: www.instagram.com/thelyonsshareJoin Megan's Newsletter: www.thelyonsshare.org/newsletter

Just a couple of weeks ago, 1,800 scientists, clinicians, postdoctoral fellows, and medical residents gathered in West Palm Beach, Florida, for the Americas Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis annual meeting, better known as the ACTRIMS Forum. Dr. Daniel Reich is a neurologist and neuroradiologist. He is the Director of the Translational Neuroradiology Section at the NIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. In his clinical practice, Dr. Reich cares for people living with MS and other neurological diseases, and he leads several clinical trials focused on multiple sclerosis. At the ACTRIMS Forum, we talked with Dr. Reich about myelin repair, how improvements in imaging have impacted diagnosing and treating MS, and what he sees in MS research today that has him excited. We have a lot to talk about! Are you ready for RealTalk MS??! SHARE THIS EPISODE OF REALTALK MS Just copy this link & paste it into your text or email: https://realtalkms.com/actrims05 ADD YOUR VOICE TO THE CONVERSATION I've always thought about the RealTalk MS podcast as a conversation. And this is your opportunity to join the conversation by sharing your feedback, questions, and suggestions for topics that we can discuss in future podcast episodes. Please shoot me an email or call the RealTalk MS Listener Hotline and share your thoughts! Email: jon@realtalkms.com Phone: (310) 526-2283 And don't forget to join us in the RealTalk MS Facebook group! LINKS If your podcast app doesn't allow you to click on these links, you'll find them in the show notes in the RealTalk MS app or at www.RealTalkMS.com RealTalk MS on YouTube https://www.youtube.com/@RealTalkMS Join the RealTalk MS Facebook Group https://facebook.com/groups/realtalkms Download the RealTalk MS App for iOS Devices https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/realtalk-ms/id1436917200 Download the RealTalk MS App for Android Deviceshttps://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=tv.wizzard.android.realtalk Give RealTalk MS a rating and review http://www.realtalkms.com/review Follow RealTalk MS on Twitter, @RealTalkMS_jon, and subscribe to our newsletter at our website, RealTalkMS.com. RealTalk MS Bonus Episode Guest: Dr. Daniel Reich Privacy Policy

In this enlightening episode, I sit down with Gary Binkow, an award-winning film and TV producer turned wellness entrepreneur. As the co-founder of Studio71 and a driving force behind health brands like The Swell Score, AHHA!, ProLon, and FastBar, Gary shares his unique journey from the entertainment industry to health advocacy. We delve into the hidden dangers of counterfeit supplements, the deceptive practice of "Fairy Dusting," and how consumers can make informed choices. Gary also sheds light on Environmentally Acquired Illnesses, offering practical tips to detoxify your home and improve well-being. Additionally, we explore the link between environmental factors and neurological disorders, including "Type 3 Alzheimer's". Tune in to discover how to navigate the overwhelming health information landscape and become an empowered consumer. Want to become a Certified Healthy Home Inspector?! This groundbreaking course, led by a world-renowned doctor and building biologist with over 25 years of experience, is designed to empower passionate individuals—especially moms—to become Certified Healthy Home Inspectors. Learn to identify and mitigate household health hazards, and help create safer living spaces in your community. Resources: Become a member of The Swell Score to find and save on safe, 3rd-party tested supplements, ultra-clean, low-tox bath and beauty, and much more. Get 20% off with code: CLAUDIA20 Follow The Swell Score on Instagram Become a Certified Healthy Home Inspector  Follow the host, Claudia, on Instagram and check out her website Shop Puori grass-fed protein powder + supplements (Clean Label Certified and third-party tested!!!) discount code: HEALINGTHESOURCE

In the fifth Season of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke's Building Up the Nerve podcast, we help you strengthen your science communication skills with tools and advice to use throughout your career. We know that navigating your career can be daunting, but we're here to help—it's our job!In the eighth episode of the season, we talk about Establishing Your Professional Identity, focusing on tips for defining who you are in your career, and developing skills and strategies to create and communicate who you are, or what your “brand” is, in your field and in the public.Featuring Thiago Arzua, PhD, Postdoctoral Fellow at Columbia University's Zuckerman Institute; Carmen Maldonado-Vlaar, PhD, Professor at University of Puerto Rico-Río Piedras Campus; and Erich Jarvis, PhD, Professor at Rockefeller University and Investigator at Howard Hughes Medical Institute.ResourcesPicture a Scientist: https://www.pictureascientist.com/ Black in Neuro: https://blackinneuro.com/ Ciencia Puerto Rico: https://www.cienciapr.org/ NIH Blueprint and BRAIN Initiative® ENDURE R25 Program: https://neuroscienceblueprint.nih.gov/training/endure-undergraduate-education NEURO-ID Program: https://neuroid.uprrp.edu/NeuroBoricuas at UPR Cayey: https://neuroboricuasuprcayey.wordpress.com/ Transcript available at http://ninds.buzzsprout.com/.

In the fifth Season of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke's Building Up the Nerve podcast, we help you strengthen your science communication skills with tools and advice to use throughout your career. We know that navigating your career can be daunting, but we're here to help—it's our job!In the seventh episode of the season, we talk about Engaging with Non-Scientists focusing on interactive strategies to promote public awareness of and participation in science, and spoke to the importance of being able to effectively communicate your work to multiple audiences.Featuring Jennifer Buckley, PhD, Professor in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Delaware and Co-Founder & President of The Perry Initiative; Sadhana Jackson, MD, Investigator in the Surgical Neurology Branch in the NIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; and Michael Wells, PhD, Assistant Professor of Human Genetics at the University of California, Los Angeles.ResourcesWatch Dr. Sadhana Jackson on Karen Hunter Show: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2AAo6zxKRxo The Perry Initiative: https://perryinitiative.org/ Society for Neuroscience Advocacy Network: https://www.sfn.org/advocacy/advocacy-network MIT Science Policy Initiative: https://mitspi.squarespace.com/ Transcript available at http://ninds.buzzsprout.com/.

Imagine unlocking a healthier, more vibrant life by simply adjusting the way you sit, stand, and breathe. Our guest today, Dr. Krista Burns shares her powerful journey from Olympic dreams cut short by a spinal injury to becoming a leading expert in posture correction. Through small but transformative adjustments to our posture, she shows how we can alleviate pain, sharpen our minds, and reclaim our confidence. Her story is a testament to the resilience of the human spirit and the profound impact of mindful movement in a world increasingly shaped by sedentary habits. It's time to sit tall, breathe deep, and live with intention—because even the smallest changes can ignite big shifts in your health and well-being. Key Takeaways: Learn how to recognize and correct common posture issues, like tech neck, to feel more energized and reduce daily discomfort. Discover practical techniques like neck retractions and posture breaks that can be easily integrated into your routine for long-term benefits. Understand the connection between posture and mental clarity, and how simple adjustments can boost confidence and positivity. Gain insights into creating an ergonomic workspace to support better alignment and overall health. Explore the profound impact of movement and alignment on your nervous system, empowering you to take control of your well-being.   About the Guest:  Dr. Krista Burns is the founder of the American Posture Institute, author of the textbook The Posture Principles, and TEDx Speaker. Dr. Krista is a dual doctorate as a Doctor of Chiropractic and a Doctor of Health Administration, and she is a Functional Neurology Diplomate by the American Chiropractic Neurology Board. Dr. Krista is an instructor of clinical sciences for doctoral students at National University of Health Sciences and is an adjunct professor at Everglades University teaching public health to masters students. She has been featured on media including ABC, CBS, NBC, Fox News Radio, and Global Woman Magazine, and prestigious stages including the World Congress of Neurology and Neurological Disorders and the World Congress of Falls and Postural Stability. She was recognized as a Top 100 Doctor by the Global Summits Institute and is the host of the International Posture Symposium. https://americanpostureinstitute.com/ https://drkrista.kartra.com/page/the-7-day-posture-reset-register   Connect with Dr. Michelle and Bayleigh at: https://smallchangesbigshifts.com hello@smallchangesbigshifts.com https://www.linkedin.com/company/smallchangesbigshifts https://www.facebook.com/SmallChangesBigShifts https://www.instagram.com/smallchangesbigshiftsco   Thanks for listening! Thanks so much for listening to our podcast! If you enjoyed this episode and think that others could benefit from listening, please share it using the social media buttons on this page. Do you have some feedback or questions about this episode? Leave a comment in the section below! Subscribe to the podcast If you would like to get automatic updates of new podcast episodes, you can subscribe to the podcast on Apple Podcasts or Stitcher. You can also subscribe in your favorite podcast app. Leave us an Apple Podcasts review Ratings and reviews from our listeners are extremely valuable to us and greatly appreciated. They help our podcast rank higher on Apple Podcasts, which exposes our show to more awesome listeners like you. If you have a minute, please leave an honest review on Apple Podcasts.

Is Your Microbiome Sabotaging Your Health? I am joined by Kiran Krishnan as we delve into the fascinating world of gut health and probiotics! Kiran explains the crucial roles of different types of bacteria in maintaining gut health, the pitfalls of common probiotic supplements, and introduces us to spore-based probiotics and psychobiotics. He offers actionable insights into improving gut health through diet, exercise, and the right supplements.  Kiran Krishnan is renowned research microbiologist and an expert in the human microbiome. With over two decades of experience in the field and has been at the forefront of groundbreaking research, focusing on the critical role our gut microbiome plays in overall health. Visit https://justthrivehealth.com and use code NAT20 for a discount. What We Discuss Understanding Gut Health and the Human Microbiome 00:27 The Role of Microbes in Digestive Health 01:11 Microbiome Diversity and Its Impact on Health 03:34 Challenges with Gut Testing Kits 04:23 Functional Redundancy in the Microbiome 05:29 Balancing Microbial Populations for Optimal Health 08:40 The Importance of Microbiome Diversity 10:10 Misconceptions About Pathogens in the Gut 11:23  The Impact of Modern Lifestyle on Gut Health 19:26 The Gut-Brain Connection 27:04 Inflammation and the HPA Axis 32:06 Neurodegeneration and Protein Misfolding 32:55 Impact of Endotoxins on Neurotransmitters 34:27 Gut-Brain-Liver Axis and Energy Balance 35:33 The Role of Sleep and BDNF in Brain Repair 40:44 Rising Prevalence of Neurological Disorders 41:51 Probiotics and Gut Health Solutions 43:57 The Importance of Fiber 54:04 Conclusion and Product Recommendations 01:00:48   Thank you to our sponsors for making this episode possible: Zona Health: Visit https://www.zona.com/ and use code NAT24 to save $100 on the purchase of a Zona Plus device Element Health Supply: Use code Lonevity when shopping at https://elementhealthsupply.com/discount/Longevity to save on your orders.    SiPhox: Visit http://SiPhoxhealth.com/nat and save on your test.    Find more from Kiran Krishnan & Just Thrive: Website: https://justthrivehealth.com  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/justthrivehealth/    Find more from Nathalie: YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmholC48MqRC50UffIZOMOQ  Join Nat's Membership Community: https://www.natniddam.com/bsp-community  Sign up for Nats Newsletter: https://landing.mailerlite.com/webforms/landing/i7d5m0  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nathalieniddam/  Website: www.NatNiddam.com    Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/biohackingsuperhumanperformance    Key Take Aways: Gut health significantly impacts overall well-being, including mental health, cognitive function, and systemic health. Maintaining a balance of gut bacteria, which in turn supports metabolic, immune, and neurological health. Consuming a diverse diet rich in fibers helps promote this diversity. Consistent dietary and lifestyle changes are important for maintaining a healthy gut. Prebiotics are as important as probiotics feed beneficial bacteria and support a healthy microbiome.

Harnessing Yoga's Potential in Neuro Rehabilitation and the Gut-Brain Connection: Nutritionist Leyla Muedin discusses a pilot study from Germany highlighting the benefits of integrating yoga into inpatient neuro rehabilitation for conditions like multiple sclerosis and stroke. The study shows significant improvements in pain, spasticity, anxiety, and overall quality of life. Additionally, Leyla explores the expanding research on the gut-brain axis, revealing how a healthy gut microbiome influences mental resilience and stress response. She emphasizes the importance of addressing both physiological and psychological factors to manage anxiety and improve mental health.