Science Club Podcast

It's Mars vs Venus! In this planetary battle, we wonder why there's so much Martian exploration going on, when it's not the closest planet to Earth. Are we neglecting Venus? Tyler gives us the run down.Sci Club Pod is created by Tyler Sudholz, Sabrina Wilson and John Lavery. Audio editing by Tyler Sudholz.Contact us: Twitter, Instagram and TikTok @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.com----------------------------------TYLER'S REFERENCES:Brown, D., Why Is NASA Neglecting Venus?. Accessed from https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2017/01/venus-lost-generation/513479/ on 11/21/21.Dunn, M., Three robotic spacecraft set to arrive at Mars this month. Accessed from https://www.smh.com.au/world/north-america/three-robotic-spacecraft-set-to-arrive-at-mars-this-month-20210208-p570ea.html on 11/02/21.Garvin, J., Venus: Forgotten Sister Planet or Our Next Frontier?. Accessed from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t03o3T9zXQ8 on 11/02/21.Howell, E., Here's every successful Venus mission humanity has ever launched. Accessed from https://www.space.com/venus-mission-success-history on 11/02/21.Lenntech, Chemical elements listed by melting point. Accessed from https://www.lenntech.com/periodic-chart-elements/melting-point.htm on 14/02/21.NASA, Earth Fact Sheet. Accessed from https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html on 13/02/21.NASA, Mars 2020 Fact Sheet. Accessed from https://mars.nasa.gov/files/mars2020/Mars2020_Fact_Sheet.pdf on 11/02/21.NASA, Venus Fact Sheet. Accessed from https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/venusfact.html on 13/02/21.NPR Short Wave, Let’s Go Back to Venus!. Audio and Transcript accessed from https://www.npr.org/transcripts/938471910 on 11/02/21.Redd, N. T., Perseverance: NASA’s Mars 2020 rover. Accessed from https://www.space.com/perseverance-mars-2020-rover.html on 11/02/21.Rehm, J., Hope Mars Mission: Launching the Arab World into the Space Race. Accessed from https://www.space.com/hope-emirates-mars-mission.html on 11/02/21.Ryan, J., NASA's Perseverance, China's Tianwen-1 and UAE's Hope arrive at Mars this month. Accessed from https://www.cnet.com/how-to/nasas-perseverance-chinas-tianwen-1-and-uaes-hope-arrive-at-mars-this-month/ on 11/02/21.Stein, V., Tianwen-1: China's first Mars mission. Accessed from https://www.space.com/tianwen-1.html on 11/02/21.Wall, M., It's the month of Mars! 3 Red Planet missions set to launch in July. Accessed from https://www.space.com/three-mars-missions-launch-july-2020.html on 11/02/21.

Mad cow disease! Cause we're feeling a little cRaZy!!!Join John, Sabrina, Tyler, and the ghost of John's apartment as we discuss prions, Mad Cow Disease, the eighties and Stranger Things! Mad Cow Disease, or vCJD, ravaged the UK in the late 80s/90s. What happened? Where did it go? Is it coming back? Tune in to find out!Sci Club Pod is created by John Lavery, Tyler Sudholz and Sabrina Wilson. This episode's report and audio editing were by John Lavery.Contact us: Twitter, Instagram and TikTok @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.comReferences:Subviral particles: viroids and prions | Cells | MCAT | Khan Academy (YouTube)Stanley Prusiner: 'A Nobel prize doesn't wipe the scepticism away' (The Guardian)Stanley B. Prusiner Facts (The Nobel Prize website)Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) (Betterhealth.vic.gov.au)Fact Sheet - Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) (inspectio.gc.ca)Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Fact Sheet (ninds.nih.gov)BSE Disaster: The History (NewScience)Many more people could still die from mad cow disease in the UK (New Scientist)More information about donating blood if you have lived in the UK (Australian Red Cross Lifeblood)

Sabrina tells us about chess, how maths plays its part in games, and whether there's any way to be able to win at chess every time you play.Sci Club Pod is created by Sabrina Wilson, John Lavery and Tyler Sudholz. Audio editing by Tyler Sudholz.This podcast was recorded on Woiwurrung Country.Contact us: Twitter, Instagram and TikTok @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.com----------------------------------SABRINA'S REFERENCES:Queens Gambit opening: https://www.chess.com/openings/Queens-GambitMandlebrot Set: https://mathworld.wolfram.com/MandelbrotSet.htmlCollatz Conjecture (aka 3n+1 problem)https://mathworld.wolfram.com/CollatzProblem.htmlCreed Bratton chess master (The Office) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K2UEFxMQz-EGame Theory https://www.britannica.com/science/game-theoryHannah Fry on Rock Paper Scissors strategy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rudzYPHuewc&t=272sHannah Fry on the game theory of relationships https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BkOIw7vAZCQNew Scientist Obituary for Checkers https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn12296-checkers-solved-after-years-of-number-crunching/?ignored=irrelevantChinook http://webdocs.cs.ualberta.ca/~chinook/play/HJ Bremmermann on the solution to chesshttps://web.archive.org/web/20010527190358/http://www.aeiveos.com/~bradbury/Authors/Computing/Bremermann-HJ/QNaI.htmlJonathan Schaeffer on the solution to chesshttps://web.archive.org/web/20090325220009/http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/print/5379Martin Gardner, “The Colossal Book of Mathematics: Classic Puzzles, Paradoxes and Problems” (2001)Tic Tac Toe on the sphere and other topology games: http://www.geometrygames.org/

Why do bikes stay up when you're riding them? Tyler shares the answers.Sci Club Pod is created by Tyler Sudholz, Sabrina Wilson and John Lavery. Audio editing by Tyler Sudholz.This podcast was recorded on Woiwurrung Country.Contact us: Twitter, Instagram and TikTok @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.com----------------------------------TYLER'S REFERENCES:Bergland, C., The Wacky Neuroscience of Forgetting How to Ride a Bicycle, 23 May 2015. Accessed from https://www.psychologytoday.com/au/blog/the-athletes-way/201505/the-wacky-neuroscience-forgetting-how-ride-bicycle on 2 January 2021Busca, N., Your bike’s secret to staying upright is actually a mystery, 19 October 2016. Accessed from https://www.bikeradar.com/features/your-bikes-secret-to-staying-upright-is-actually-a-mystery/ on 31 December 2020Hunt, H. Opinion: How does a bike stay upright? Surprisingly, it’s all in the mind, 24 May 2016. Accessed from https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/discussion/opinion-how-does-a-bike-stay-upright-surprisingly-its-all-in-the-mind/ on 31 December 2020Hyperphysics, Bicycle Wheel, Turning a Bicycle, and If you lean left, you turn left. Accessed from http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Mechanics/bicycle.html on 1 January 2021Hyperphysics, Centrifugal Force. Accessed from http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/corf.html#cent on 1 January 2021Hyperphysics, Angular Momentum. Accessed from http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/amom.html on 31 December 2020Kooijman, J. D. G., et al, A Bicycle Can Be Self-Stable Without Gyroscopic or Caster Effects. Science 332, 339 (2011), DOI: 10.1126/science.1201959Schwab, A., Why bicycles do not fall: Arend Schwab at TEDxDelft. Uploaded 12 December 2012. Accessed from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Y4mbT3ozcA on 31 December 2020Sheppard, A., The Physics of the Riderless Bicycle, 22 April 2011. Accessed from https://www.popularmechanics.com/adventure/sports/a6602/physics-of-a-riderless-bike/ on 31 December 2020SmarterEveryDay, The Backwards Brain Bicycle - Smarter Every Day 133, Uploaded 24 April 2015. Accessed from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MFzDaBzBlL0 on 31 December 2020Suchan, B., Why Don’t We Forget How to Ride a Bike?, 15 November 2018. Accessed from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-dont-we-forget-how-to-ride-a-bike/ on 2 January 2021The University of Queensland, Types of memory. Accessed from https://qbi.uq.edu.au/brain-basics/memory/types-memory on 2 January 2021

John tells us about smallpox.Contact us: Instagram, Twitter and TikTok @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.comSci Club Podcast is created by John Lavery, Sabrina Wilson, and Tyler Sudholz. This podcast was recorded on Woiwurrung Country.----------------------------------JOHN'S REFERENCES:History of Vaccines - Killing Smallpox, Extra HistoryHow we conquered the deadly smallpox virus, Simona ZompiHow an African slave in Boston Helped Save Generations from Smallpox, History ChannelWas Sydney’s smallpox outbreak of 1789 an act of biological against Aboriginal tribes?, Chris Warren, ABCSmallpox, WHOShould remaining remaining stockpiles of smallpox virus (variola) be destroyed?, Raymond S WeinsteinDiagnosis and Management of Smallpox, Joel G. Breman and D.A. HendersonSmallpox Disease Stages, Coastal Carolina Research CentreTransmission potential of smallpox in contemporary populations, Raymond Gani and Steve LeacherForgotten vials of smallpox found in cardboard box in Bethesda storage room, Terence Mulcahy and Mike StobbJust 2 labs in the world house smallpox. The one in Russia just had an explosion, Jeanna Bryner

Sabrina brings us a bio of physicist CS Wu, one of the most prominent physicists of the 20th century. We also go into the physics behind why our universe is slightly left handed.Contact us: Twitter and Instagram @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.comSci Club Podcast is created by Sabrina Wilson, Tyler Sudholz and John Lavery. Audio editing also by Tyler Sudholz.----------------------------------SABRINA'S REFERENCES:https://massivesci.com/articles/meet-the-first-lady-of-physics-queen-of-nuclear-research-and-destroyer-of-natural-laws/https://xkcd.com/2364/https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php/2364:_Parity_Conservationhttps://scientificwomen.net/women/wu-chien-shiung-94https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/physics-experiment/app1.htmlhttps://gizmodo.com/madame-wu-and-the-holiday-experiment-that-changed-physi-1749319896https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/channeling-ada-lovelace-chien-shiung-wu-courageous-hero-of-physics/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Chien-Shiung-Wuhttp://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/quantum/parity.htmlhttp://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Forces/funfor.htmlhttp://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Particles/quark.htmlWomen In Science: 50 fearless Pinioneers who changed the world by Rachel Ignotofsky

Tyler takes us to the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico, which this fortnight was announced to be demolished after nearly 60 years of science. Tyler takes us through some of the discoveries that the telescope has made over the years, as well as some facts about the observatory itself.Contact us: Twitter and Instagram @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.comSci Club Podcast is created by Tyler Sudholz, John Lavery and Sabrina Wilson. Audio editing also by Tyler Sudholz.----------------------------------TYLER'S REFERENCES:ABC News, Arecibo Observatory telescope to be closed down after suffering damage from falling support cables. 20 November 2020. Accessed from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-11-20/arecibo-telescope-to-get-dismantled/12903878 on 22 November 2020.Arecibo Observatory, National Science Foundation, LEGACY DISCOVERIES. Accessed from http://www.naic.edu/ao/legacy-discoveries on 22 November 2020.Arecibo Observatory, National Science Foundation, TELESCOPE DESCRIPTION. Accessed from http://www.naic.edu/ao/telescope-description on 22 November 2020.Cornell Chronicle, Some facts (and a little history) about Arecibo. 19 June 1997. Accessed from https://news.cornell.edu/stories/1997/06/some-facts-and-little-history-about-arecibo on 23 November 2020.Drake, N., Iconic radio telescope in Puerto Rico to be demolished. 19 November 2020. Accessed from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/11/historic-radio-telescope-in-puerto-rico-to-be-demolished/ on 22 November 2020.Dyce, B. R., Pettengill, G. H., and Shapiro, I. I., Radar determination of the rotations of Venus and Mercury, The Astronomical Journal, vol. 72, p. 351, 1967. doi:10.1086/110231.Harwood, W., Iconic Arecibo Observatory radio telescope faces demolition after cable failures. 19 November 2020. Accessed from https://www.cbsnews.com/news/arecibo-observatory-puerto-rico-demolition/ on 22 November 2020.Mathews, J. D., A short history of geophysical radar at Arecibo Observatory, Hist. Geo Space. Sci., 4, 19–33, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5194/hgss-4-19-2013.Nobel Media AB 2020, NobelPrize.org, The Nobel Prize in Physics 1993. Accessed from https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1993/summary/ on 23 November 2020.Steele, B., It's the 25th anniversary of Earth's first attempt to phone E.T., Cornell Chronicle. 12 November 1999. Accessed from https://news.cornell.edu/stories/1999/11/25th-anniversary-first-attempt-phone-et-0 on 23 November 2020.Witze, A. Legendary Arecibo telescope will close forever — scientists are reeling. 19 November 2020. Accessed from https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03270-9 on 23 November 2020.

John tells us a bit about diatoms. What are they? Where are they? Why are they?Oh and we also get a little into some topics which aren't diatoms.Contact us: Twitter and Instagram @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.comSci Club Podcast is created by John Lavery, Sabrina Wilson, and Tyler Sudholz. Audio editing by Tyler Sudholz.This episode was recorded on November 15, 2020----------------------------------JOHN'S REFERENCES:Dolan JR. Unmasking “The Eldest Son of The Father of Protozoology”: Charles King. Protist. 2019;170(4):374-84.https://www.britannica.com/science/diatomhttps://websites.rbge.org.uk/algae/diatoms_introduction1.htmlhttps://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/07/200706113941.htmlhttps://www.thecoast.net.nz/news/entertainment/pete-evans-reveals-his-crippling-condition/https://calpoison.org/news/amnesic-shellfish-poisoning#:~:text=Patients%20with%20toxicity%20from%20domoic,over%20the%20next%2048%20hours.http://thedishonscience.stanford.edu/posts/the-birds-revisited/

The Spherical Earth, or how we came to know that the Earth is round.Sabrina has been sleuthing in some flat-Earth groups and is unconvinced, so takes us on a journey back to Ancient Greece to tell us about how it was worked out there that the Earth is a sphere.Contact us: Twitter and Instagram @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.comSci Club Podcast is created by Sabrina Wilson, Tyler Sudholz and John Lavery. Audio editing also by Tyler Sudholz.----------------------------------SABRINA'S REFERENCES:Gracie Cunningham tik tok https://vm.tiktok.com/ZSQPDW78/ & https://vm.tiktok.com/ZSQPk9Vo/Conspiracy Theory Categorisation Pyramid Tik Tok https://vm.tiktok.com/ZSXYRhEq/David K. Lynch, "Visually discerning the curvature of the Earth," Appl. Opt. 47, H39-H43 (2008)Altitude of the ISS: https://www.heavens-above.com/orbit.aspx?satid=25544Barrel Distortion: https://www.edmundoptics.com/knowledge-center/application-notes/imaging/distortion/About Eratosthenes https://www.britannica.com/biography/EratosthenesCarl Sagan on Eratosthenes from Episode 1 of Cosmos: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G8cbIWMv0rIGood article from The Conversation on the topic: https://theconversation.com/you-dont-need-to-build-a-rocket-to-prove-the-earth-isnt-flat-heres-the-simple-science-88106

It's National Bird Week! Tyler tells us about a bird spotting citizen science project that's running this week and shares his experience of a bird survey he did at home.Get involved with the Aussie Backyard Bird Count: https://aussiebirdcount.org.au/Sabrina's bird TikTok: https://vm.tiktok.com/ZS9LVKw1/Contact us: Twitter and Instagram @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.comSci Club Podcast is created by Tyler Sudholz, John Lavery and Sabrina Wilson. Audio editing also by Tyler Sudholz.----------------------------------TYLER'S REFERENCES:Australian Geographic, Annual backyard bird count more important than ever. Retrieved from https://www.australiangeographic.com.au/topics/wildlife/2020/10/annual-backyard-bird-count-more-important-than-ever/ on 10/10/2020BirdLife Australia, 2019 Aussie Backyard Bird Count results. Retrieved from https://aussiebirdcount.org.au/2019-results/ on 09/10/2020BirdLife Australia, Frequently Asked Questions: About the count. Retrieved from https://aussiebirdcount.org.au/faq-about-the-count/ on 09/10/2020BirdLife Australia, House Sparrow. Retrieved from https://birdlife.org.au/bird-profile/House-Sparrow on 09/10/2020BirdLife Australia, Rock Dove. Retrieved from https://www.birdlife.org.au/bird-profile/rock-dove on 10/10/2020Birds in Backyards, Crested Pigeon. Retrieved from https://www.birdsinbackyards.net/species/Ocyphaps-lophotes on 10/10/2020Birds in Backyards, Spotted Dove. Retrieved from https://www.birdsinbackyards.net/species/Streptopelia-chinensis on 10/10/2020eBird, Little Raven. Retrieved from https://ebird.org/species/litrav1 on 09/10/2020O'Rourke, P., Five ways you can celebrate Australia’s bird week. Retrieved from https://www.australiangeographic.com.au/topics/science-environment/2019/10/5-ways-you-can-celebrate-australias-bird-week/ on 10/10/2020QORF, National Bird Week. Retrieved from https://qorf.org.au/whats-on/national-bird-week/ on 10/10/2020

John takes us through the microbiology of rabies, and what happens if you get it. Contact us: Twitter and Instagram @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.comSci Club Podcast is created by John Lavery, Sabrina Wilson, and Tyler Sudholz.----------------------------------JOHN'S REFERENCES:Prescott’s Microbiology, 11th EditionMims’ Medical Microbiology and Immunology, 6th Edition‘Rabies’ World Health OrganisationExperience: I Was Bitten By a Rabid Bat, The GuardianNo Rabies Treatment After All: Failure of the Milwaukee Protocol, The Pandora ReportInformation on Adelchi Negri, Camillo Golgi and Dr Anna Wessels Williams taken from Wikipedia (cause I’m a lil bit naughty like that)

Tyler tells us about a particular black hole merger detected with gravitational waves (event GW190521) and answers some of Sabrina's black hole questions.Contact us: Twitter and Instagram @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.comSci Club Podcast is created by Tyler Sudholz, Sabrina Wilson and John Lavery.REFERENCES (note: first two listed are the papers outlining GW190521)R. Abbott et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration), (2020). GW190521: A Binary Black Hole Merger with a Total Mass of 150 M⊙Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 101102. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.101102R. Abbott et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration), (2020). Properties and Astrophysical Implications of the 150M⊙ Binary Black Hole Merger GW190521The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 900:L13 (27pp). DOI:https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aba493Cain, F., What happens when black holes collide?. Retrieved from https://phys.org/news/2016-10-black-holes-collide.html on 11/09/2020Castelvecchi, D., This Black-Hole Collision Just Made Gravitational Waves Even More Interesting. Retrieved from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/this-black-hole-collision-just-made-gravitational-waves-even-more-interesting/ on 11/09/2020Drake, N., Greshko, M., What Are Gravitational Waves, and Why Do They Matter?. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2017/10/what-are-gravitational-waves-ligo-astronomy-science/ on 11/09/2020LIGO Caltech, Facts. Retrieved from https://www.ligo.caltech.edu/page/facts/ on 12/09/2020Mezcua, M., (2017). Observational evidence for intermediate-mass black holes. International Journal of Modern Physics D. arXiv:1705.09667NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Black Hole Collision May Have Exploded With Light. Retrieved from https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=7688# on 11/09/2020

Sabrina investigates whether indoor plants are actually good for us - or is it one big botanical hoax?Contact us: Twitter and Instagram @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.comSci Club Podcast is created by Sabrina Wilson, John Lavery and Tyler Sudholz.References:Wolverton B, Johnson A, Bounds K. “Interior Landscape Plants for Indoor Air Pollution Abatement” (AKA NASA Clean Air Study). NASA, 15 Sep 1989.Wolverton Environmental Services www.wolvertonenvironmental.com (accessed 28 Aug 2020)Meyer, R. “A Popular Benefit of Houseplants is a Myth”, The Atlantic Magazine, 9 Mar 2019 (https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2019/03/indoor-plants-clean-air-best-none-them/584509/ accessed 28 Aug 2020)Cheng, L. “Sorry, your houseplants aren’t actually purifying your apartment’s air”, Massive Science, 30 Jan 2020 (https://massivesci.com/articles/houseplants-air-pollution-quality-vocs-indoors-nasa-study/ accessed 28 Aug 2020)Cummings B & Waring M. “Potted plants do not improve indoor air quality”. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology 30: 253-261 published 6 Nov 2019 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-019-0175-9

Tyler tells us about bananas, their flavour and their radioactivity. Contact us: Twitter and Instagram @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.com - Science Club Podcast is created by Sabrina Wilson, John Lavery and Tyler Sudholz.

John brings us information about botox. Contact us: Twitter and Instagram @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.com - Science Club Podcast is created by Sabrina Wilson, John Lavery and Tyler Sudholz.

Sabrina discusses antimatter - could it be the next big energy source? Contact us: Twitter and Instagram @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.com - Science Club Podcast is created by Sabrina Wilson, John Lavery and Tyler Sudholz.

John discusses ants, leafcutter ants. Contact us: Twitter and Instagram @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.com - Science Club Podcast is created by Sabrina Wilson, John Lavery and Tyler Sudholz.

Tyler starts off our 'A' topics with one of the science basics: atoms. Contact us: Twitter and Instagram @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.com - Science Club Podcast is created by Sabrina Wilson, John Lavery and Tyler Sudholz.

The Science Club Podcast is almost here. Each week we will be sharing a science topic with each other and with you. Proceeding through the alphabet, three of us will be talking about a topic starting with whatever letter we're up to. Contact us: Twitter and Instagram @SciClubPod or email ScienceClubPod@gmail.com - Science Club Podcast is created by Sabrina Wilson, John Lavery and Tyler Sudholz.