Podcast appearances and mentions of James J Heckman

Justin Holz talks about peer effects in police use of force. “Peer Effects in Police Use of Force” by Justin E. Holz, Roman G. Rivera, and Bocar A. Ba. *** Probable Causation is part of Doleac Initiatives, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. If you enjoy the show, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution. Thank you for supporting our work! *** OTHER RESEARCH WE DISCUSS IN THIS EPISODE: “The Effect of Field Training Officers on Police Use of Force” by Chandon Adger, Mathew Ross, and CarlyWill Sloan. Probable Causation Episode 90: Matthew Ross. “Does Race Matter for Police Use of Force? Evidence from 911 Calls” by Mark Hoekstra and CarlyWill Sloan. Probable Causation Episode 38: CarlyWill Sloan. “An Empirical Analysis of Racial Differences in Police Use of Force” by Roland G. Fryer Jr. “An Empirical Analysis of Racial Differences in Police Use of Force: A Comment” by Steven N. Durlauf and James J. Heckman. “Wearing Body Cameras Increases Assaults Against Officers and Does Not Reduce Police Use of Force: Results from a Global Multi-site Experiment” By Barak Ariel, Alex Sutherland, Darren Penstock, Josh Young, Paul Drove, Jayne Sykes, Simon Megicks, and Ryan Henderson. “The “Less-Than-Lethal Weapons Effect”- Introducing TASERs to Routine Operations in England and Wales: A Randomized Controlled Trial” by Barak Ariel, David Lawes, Cristobal Weinborn, Ron Henry, Kevin Chen, and Hagit Brants Sabo. “American Policing and the Danger Imperative” by Michael Sierra-Arevalo. “Racial Profiling and Use of Force in Police Stops: How Local Events Trigger Periods of Increased Discrimination” by Joscha Legewie. “Violence and Risk Preference: Experimental Evidence from Afghanistan” by Michael Callen, Mohammad Isaqzadeh, James D. Long, and Charles Sprenger. “Exposure to Violence Predicts Impulsivity in Time Preferences: Evidence from The Democratic Republic of Congo” by Alex Imas, Michael Kuhn, and Vera Mironova. [Working Paper]. “Violence, Psychological Trauma, and Risk Attitudes: Evidence from Victims of Violence in Colombia” by Andrés Moya. “Impact of Violent Crime on Risk Aversion: Evidence from the Mexican Drug War” by Ryan Brown, Verónica Montalva, Duncan Thomas, and Andrea Velásquez. Probable Causation Episode 42: Andrea Velásquez. “Family Violence and Football: The Effect of Unexpected Emotional Cues on Violence Behavior” by David Card and Gordon B. Dahl. “Frustration, Euphoria, and Violent Crime” by Ignacio Munyo and Martin A. Rossi. “Emotional Judges and Unlucky Juveniles” by Ozkan Eren and Naci Mocan. “Nonfatal Injuries to Law Enforcement Officers: A Rise in Assaults” by Hope M. Tiesman, Melody Gwilliam, Srinivas Konda, Jeff Rojek, and Suzanne Marsh. “Emotional Reactivity and Police Expertise in Use-of-Force Decision-Making” by Vivian Ta, Brian Lande, and Joel Suss. “Do Police Make Too Many Arrests?: The Effect of Enforcement Pullbacks on Crime” by Sungwoo Cho, Felipe Conclaves, and Emily Weisburst. “The Effect of Minority Peers on Future Arrests Quantity and Quality” by Roman Rivera. “Police Officer Assignment and Neighborhood Crime” by Bocar Ba, Patrick Bayer, Nayoung Rim, Roman Rivera, and Modibo Sidibé. “Strengthening Police Oversight: Impacts of Misconduct Investigators on Police Officer Behavior” by Andrew Jordan and Taeho Kim. “Does Black and Blue Matter? An Experimental Investigation of Race and Perceptions of Police, and Legal Compliance” by Mackenzie Alston and Emily Owens. “High-Frequency Location Data Shows that Race Affects the Likelihood of Being Stopped and Fined for Speeding” by Pradhi Aggarwal, Alec Brandon, Ariel Goldszmidt, Justin Holz, John A. List, Ian Muir, Greg Sun, and Thomas Yu.

Andrew Barr talks about how access to nutritional assistance in early childhood affects later criminal behavior. “Fighting Crime in the Cradle: The Effects of Early Childhood Access to Nutritional Assistance” by Andrew Barr and Alexander A. Smith *** Probable Causation is part of Doleac Initiatives, a 501(c)(3) corporation. If you enjoy the show, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution. Thank you for supporting our work! *** OTHER RESEARCH WE DISCUSS IN THIS EPISODE: Episode 1 of Probable Causation: Chloe Gibbs. “Inside the War on Poverty: The Impact of Food Stamps on Birth Outcomes” by Douglas Almond, Hilary W. Hoynes, and Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach. “Consumption Responses to In-Kind Transfers: Evidence from the Introduction of the Food Stamp Program” by Hilary W. Hoynes and Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach. “Long-run Impacts of Childhood Access to the Safety Net” by Hilary Hoynes, Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach, and Douglas Almond. “Work Incentives and the Food Stamp Program” by Hilary Williamson Hoynes and Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach. “The Rate of Return to the HighScope Perry Preschool Program” by James J. Heckman, Seong Hyeok Moon, Rodrigo Pinto, Peter A. Savelyev, and Adam Yavitz. “Adult Outcomes as a Function of an Early Childhood Educational Program: An Abecedarian Project Follow-up” by Frances A Campbell, Elizabeth P Pungello, Margaret Burchinal, Kirsten Kainz, Yi Pan, Barbara H Wasik, Oscar A Barbarin, Joseph J Sparling, and Craig T Ramey. “Breaking the Cycle? Intergenerational Effects of an Anti-Poverty Program in Early Childhood” by Andrew C. Barr and Chloe Gibbs. “Long-term Effects of Nurse Home Visitation on Children's Criminal and Antisocial Behavior: 15-Year Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial” by David Olds, Charles R. Henderson Jr, and Robert Cole. “Longer-Term Effects of Head Start” by Eliana Garces, Duncan Thomas, and Janet Currie. “Early Childhood Intervention and Life-Cycle Skill Development: Evidence from Head Start” by David Deming. “The Effect of Early Childhood Education on Adult Criminality: Evidence from the 1960s through 1990s” by John Anders, Andrew C. Barr, and Alexander A. Smith. “Life after Lead: Effects of Early Interventions for Children Exposed to Lead” by Stephen B. Billings and Kevin T. Schnepel. Episode 16 of Probable Causation: Steve Billings. “The Impact of Youth Medicaid Eligibility on Adult Incarceration” by Samuel Arenberg, Seth Neller, and Sam Stripling.

It's been on the City's priority list for years, and in January, an innovative, first-of-its-kind coordinated group of support systems that will seek to improve outcomes for young children and their families in Spartanburg will become a reality as the City and its partners launch the Hello Family program. Designed to significantly improve child wellbeing, boost future prosperity, and provide quantifiable financial benefits to our community well in excess of its cost, Hello Family will provide, at a full citywide scale, free universal nurse home visiting, free evidence-based parent education and support tools, and significantly enhanced early learning opportunities.   Based on the work of James J. Heckman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist who found that investing in programs targeted at the earliest years of life yield the most lasting and cost-effective results, Hello Family seeks to improve birth outcomes, reduce child abuse and neglect, and improve kindergarten readiness throughout the City. Today on the podcast, we're talking with Bryan Boroughs Vice President and General Counsel with the and Keisha Gray Program Director of Early Childhood Development with about how Hello Family will work and when you can expect to see this transformative program launch in Spartanburg.

Nobel Prize–winning University of Chicago economist James J. Heckman is internationally recognized for his groundbreaking research on early childhood, which is frequently highlighted in support of expanding early care and education programs to improve children's outcomes. His well-known “https://heckmanequation.org/resource/the-heckman-curve/ (Heckman Curve)” is widely cited as showing a high return on public investment in those programs. What is Dr. Heckman's assessment of current proposals for providing publicly funded childcare and pre-K to all children from birth to kindergarten entry? And how does he view the role of families in children's development? Do they, too, fit into the Heckman Curve? If so, how? Watch the full event https://www.aei.org/events/the-role-of-families-in-human-flourishing-a-conversation-with-james-heckman/ (here).

每日英語跟讀 Ep.K034: How Good Child Care Helps Mothers, and the Men They Raise As many American parents know, hiring care for young children during the workday is punishingly expensive, costing the typical family about a third of its income. Helping parents pay for that care would be expensive for society, too. Yet recent studies show that of any policy aimed to help struggling families, aid for high-quality care has the biggest economic payoff for parents and their children — and even their grandchildren. It has the biggest positive effect on women's employment and pay. It's especially helpful for low-income families, because it can propel generations of children toward increased earnings, better jobs, improved health, more education and decreased criminal activity as adults. 許多美國父母都知道，在上班日請人照顧幼兒的費用高得要命，得花掉一般家庭三分之一的收入。 幫助父母支付托兒費也需花費很高的社會成本。不過，最近的一些研究顯示，在幫助經濟困難家庭的所有政策中，資助高品質托兒照顧，對父母和他們的子女，甚至孫子輩，都能獲得最大的經濟回報。對婦女就業和受薪有最大的正面效益。這對低薪家庭幫助尤其大，因為可以促使世世代代的兒童成年後邁向更高的薪水、更好的工作、更健康的身體、更高的教育程度和較少的犯罪活動。 Affordable care for children under 5, long a goal of Democrats, is now being championed by Ivanka Trump. The Department of Health and Human Services says child care should cost 7 percent of a family's income at most — but 42 percent of families who buy care for young children spend considerably more than that, according to census data analyzed by Beth Mattingly at the University of New Hampshire. A report by New America and Care.com put the average cost of child care in the United States at $16,514 a year. 5歲以下兒童的可負擔托兒照顧，是民主黨長期以來的目標，現在由伊凡卡．川普領軍推動。 美國衛生暨人類服務部表示，托兒照顧頂多只應花掉一個家庭收入的7%，但根據新罕布夏大學的貝絲．麥亭利對人口普查資料的分析，花錢請人照顧幼兒的家庭有42%花費遠高過這個比率。「新美國與照顧網站」的一份報告估計，在美國請人照顧兒童的平均花費為每年1萬6514美元。 It's children with parents who can least afford high-quality care who benefit most from it, research has found. That is because affluent children have better alternatives. For well-off children, some studies have linked day care, especially low-quality care early in life, to achievement and behavior problems. A powerful new study — which demonstrated long-term results by following children from birth until age 35 — found that high-quality care during the earliest years can influence whether both mothers and children born into disadvantage lead more successful lives. The study was led by James J. Heckman, a Nobel laureate economist at the University of Chicago. 研究發現，父母最無力負擔高品質托兒照顧的孩子受益最大。這是因為富裕家庭的兒童有更好的其他選擇。針對富家子弟，一些研究認為托兒照顧，特別是年幼時的低品質照顧，與長大後的成就和行為問題有關聯。 有項強有力的新研究藉由追蹤兒童出生到35歲的過程以展現長期結果，發現最年幼幾年的高品質照顧，對母親與生在弱勢家庭的孩子能否邁向成功人生，有一定影響力。這項研究由芝加哥大學獲諾貝爾獎的經濟學家詹姆士．赫克曼帶領。 “They're engaged more in the workforce, they're now active participants of society, they're more educated, they have higher skills,” Heckman said. “So what we've done is promoted mobility across generations.” The study analyzed two well-known experimental programs in North Carolina, which offered free, full-time care to low-income children age 8 weeks to 5 years, most of whom were black and lived with a single mother. The children in the control group were at home or in lower-quality programs. The mothers of those in the experimental program earned more when the children were in preschool, and the difference was still there two decades later. 赫克曼說：「他們更投入勞動，他們現在是活躍的社會參與者，他們的教育程度更高，他們有更好的技能。因此，我們所做的是促進跨世代的流動性。」 這項研究分析北卡羅來納州兩項著名的實驗計畫，此二計畫對8周到5歲的低收入家庭兒童提供免費、全天照顧，主要是與單親媽媽同住的黑人小孩。對照組的兒童在家或接受較低品質的托兒計畫。 實驗計畫兒童的母親在孩子上幼稚園時已能賺得更多收入，20年後這差距依然存在。 Source article: https://paper.udn.com/udnpaper/POH0067/314555/web/ 每日英語跟讀Podcast，就在http://www.15mins.today/daily-shadowing 每週Vocab精選詞彙Podcast，就在https://www.15mins.today/vocab 每週In-TENSE文法練習Podcast，就在https://www.15mins.today/in-tense     用email訂閱就可以收到通勤學英語節目更新通知。

At a recent City Council meeting, City Manager, Chris Story gave an overview of , a proposed collection of support systems that would seek to improve outcomes for young children and their families by providing a continuum of evidence-based services for all children born in the City of Spartanburg from prenatal care through age five. Designed to significantly improve child wellbeing, boost future prosperity, and provide quantifiable financial benefits to our community well in excess of its cost, Hello Family would bring a number of existing services in the city under one umbrella in order to link their efforts and produce verifiable results by focusing on early intervention strategies. Based on the work of James J. Heckman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist who found that investing in programs targeted at the earliest years of life yield the most lasting and cost-effective results, Hello Family seeks to improve birth outcomes, reduce child abuse and neglect, and improve kindergarten readiness throughout the City of Spartanburg. Today on the podcast, we sit down for a conversation with Story to get an overview of the challenges the program would seek to address and the strategy it would employ to do so. Listen below for more.    

If you experience any technical difficulties with this video or would like to make an accessibility-related request, please send a message to digicomm@uchicago.edu. This panel of University of Chicago Nobel laureates features Lars Peter Hansen, the David Rockefeller Distinguished Service Professor in Economics, James J. Heckman, the Henry Schultz Distinguished Service Professor in Economics, and Robert E. Lucas Jr., AB’59, PhD’64, the John Dewey Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus in Economics, pioneers in the world of economics. John A. List, the Homer J. Livingston Professor in and Chair of the Department of Economics, asks questions topical to their research, specifically their significant contributions to the world of economics. The Nobelists share their inspirational stories and insights, and offer a closer look inside the current landscape of economics.

Dr. James J. Heckman is the USC Presidential Scholar-in-Residence at the Leonard D. Schaeffer Center for Health Policy & Economics. Dr. Heckman is also the Henry Schultz Distinguished Service Professor of Economics at the University of Chicago, where he has served since 1973. In 2000, Professor Heckman won the Nobel Prize in Economics for contributions to the field of policy analysis (the study of selection bias and for the evaluation of social programs). He directs the Center for the Economics of Human Development, the Economics Research Center, the Center for Social Program Evaluation at the Harris School for Public Policy, and the Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Global Working Group at the University of Chicago. Professor Heckman also is a Senior Research Fellow at the American Bar Foundation. He has a long history of interdisciplinary research pursuing a new synthesis of human development over the life course by broadening the boundaries of economic analysis to incorporate perspectives and methodologies from psychology, primatology, child development, and statisticians to create new tools to measure capabilities and outcomes. His recent work investigates the role of early life environments on success later in life.

If you experience any technical difficulties with this video or would like to make an accessibility-related request, please send a message to digicomm@uchicago.edu. What is the rate of return to schooling? This question—so central to Gary Becker's pioneering work on human capital— motivated the paper that James J. Heckman presented at the conference honoring his late colleague. In it, Heckman attempts to quantify the causal effects of education on a variety of socioeconomic outcomes, like wage earnings, smoking, depression, incarceration, divorce, and voting.

If you experience any technical difficulties with this video or would like to make an accessibility-related request, please send a message to digicomm@uchicago.edu. What is the rate of return to schooling? This question—so central to Gary Becker's pioneering work on human capital— motivated the paper that James J. Heckman presented at the conference honoring his late colleague. In it, Heckman attempts to quantify the causal effects of education on a variety of socioeconomic outcomes, like wage earnings, smoking, depression, incarceration, divorce, and voting.

If you experience any technical difficulties with this video or would like to make an accessibility-related request, please send a message to digicomm@uchicago.edu. James J. Heckman, the Henry Schultz Distinguished Service Professor in Economics, is known for both his theoretical work and empirical research. In this Friedman Forum, he discusses an economist’s tools and approach, and shows how they can be applied to address serious policy issues.

If you experience any technical difficulties with this video or would like to make an accessibility-related request, please send a message to digicomm@uchicago.edu. James J. Heckman, the Henry Schultz Distinguished Service Professor in Economics, is known for both his theoretical work and empirical research. In this Friedman Forum, he discusses an economist’s tools and approach, and shows how they can be applied to address serious policy issues.