ACE OncoCast

Natalia Carballo, MDMD Anderson Cancer Center MadridMadrid, SpainThe therapeutic landscape for urothelial cancer has undergone significant transformation in recent years, with the addition of PD1/PD-L1 targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors and novel targeted therapies and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) adding to the complexity of treatment options available for patients throughout the course of their disease. The optimal sequencing of treatments depends on an understanding of the relevance of different pathological subtypes of the disease and of the latest clinical evidence and guidelines that support the use of different therapies. These considerations were discussed in detail during the recent ‘Urothelial Cancer Preceptorship', in which experts in the field provided a detailed grounding of the disease process and management from diagnosis through to salvage treatments of advanced disease.View the Expert Interview on Specialist Insights in Urothelial Cancer from each faculty member which features specific expert insights on the topics related to the faculty presentations and the key questions discussed during the preceptorship. The enduring materials aimed to enable clinicians to integrate the latest advances and use of novel therapies for advanced urothelial cancer into safe and effective patient care. The presentation slides of the Preceptorship are also available to download.Based on the Expert Interview of Specialist Insights and Preceptorship held on 18 and 19 September 2024.

Félix Guerrero-Ramos, MD, PhD, FEBUHospital Doce de OctubreMadrid, SpainThe therapeutic landscape for urothelial cancer has undergone significant transformation in recent years, with the addition of PD1/PD-L1 targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors and novel targeted therapies and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) adding to the complexity of treatment options available for patients throughout the course of their disease. The optimal sequencing of treatments depends on an understanding of the relevance of different pathological subtypes of the disease and of the latest clinical evidence and guidelines that support the use of different therapies. These considerations were discussed in detail during the recent ‘Urothelial Cancer Preceptorship', in which experts in the field provided a detailed grounding of the disease process and management from diagnosis through to salvage treatments of advanced disease.View the Expert Interview on Specialist Insights in Urothelial Cancer from each faculty member which features specific expert insights on the topics related to the faculty presentations and the key questions discussed during the preceptorship. The enduring materials aimed to enable clinicians to integrate the latest advances and use of novel therapies for advanced urothelial cancer into safe and effective patient care. The presentation slides of the Preceptorship are also available to download.Based on the Expert Interview of Specialist Insights and Preceptorship held on 18 and 19 September 2024.

Francisco X. Real, MD, PhDNational Cancer Research CenterMadrid, SpainThe therapeutic landscape for urothelial cancer has undergone significant transformation in recent years, with the addition of PD1/PD-L1 targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors and novel targeted therapies and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) adding to the complexity of treatment options available for patients throughout the course of their disease. The optimal sequencing of treatments depends on an understanding of the relevance of different pathological subtypes of the disease and of the latest clinical evidence and guidelines that support the use of different therapies. These considerations were discussed in detail during the recent ‘Urothelial Cancer Preceptorship', in which experts in the field provided a detailed grounding of the disease process and management from diagnosis through to salvage treatments of advanced disease.View the Expert Interview on Specialist Insights in Urothelial Cancer from each faculty member which features specific expert insights on the topics related to the faculty presentations and the key questions discussed during the preceptorship. The enduring materials aimed to enable clinicians to integrate the latest advances and use of novel therapies for advanced urothelial cancer into safe and effective patient care. The presentation slides of the Preceptorship are also available to download.Based on the Expert Interview of Specialist Insights and Preceptorship held on 18 and 19 September 2024.

Enrique Grande, MD, MSc, PhDMD Anderson Cancer Center MadridMadrid, SpainThe therapeutic landscape for urothelial cancer has undergone significant transformation in recent years, with the addition of PD1/PD-L1 targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors and novel targeted therapies and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) adding to the complexity of treatment options available for patients throughout the course of their disease. The optimal sequencing of treatments depends on an understanding of the relevance of different pathological subtypes of the disease and of the latest clinical evidence and guidelines that support the use of different therapies. These considerations were discussed in detail during the recent ‘Urothelial Cancer Preceptorship', in which experts in the field provided a detailed grounding of the disease process and management from diagnosis through to salvage treatments of advanced disease.View the Expert Interview on Specialist Insights in Urothelial Cancer from each faculty member which features specific expert insights on the topics related to the faculty presentations and the key questions discussed during the preceptorship. The enduring materials aimed to enable clinicians to integrate the latest advances and use of novel therapies for advanced urothelial cancer into safe and effective patient care. The presentation slides of the Preceptorship are also available to download.Based on the Expert Interview of Specialist Insights and Preceptorship held on 18 and 19 September 2024.

Episode 3:Panel Discussion & Pearls for PracticeAristotelis Bamias, MD, PhD, Philippe Barthélémy, MD, PhD and Kate Smith, MBBS, MRCP, MD, PhDThe increasing availability of treatment options in the first-line (1L) setting after ESMO 2023 has led to a growing complexity in determining sequential treatment strategies for different clinical scenarios following progression of 1L therapies. In this educational program on 'Best Practice Exchange in Clinical Case Scenarios', field experts will discuss the latest evidence supporting the optimal utilization of sequential treatments, including immunotherapy, chemotherapy (CT), antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), and targeted therapies, to prolong continuum of care and maximize survival benefits for patients. A better understanding of how to sequence available options for second-line (2L) and salvage treatments in routine patient care will facilitate optimal management of urothelial cancer patients.

Episode 2: Case 1: Second-line and salvage treatment options after maintenance immunotherapy Case 2: Second-line and salvage treatment options after platinum-based chemotherapyKate Smith, MBBS, MRCP, MD, PhDThe increasing availability of treatment options in the first-line (1L) setting after ESMO 2023 has led to a growing complexity in determining sequential treatment strategies for different clinical scenarios following progression of 1L therapies. In this educational program on 'Best Practice Exchange in Clinical Case Scenarios', field experts will discuss the latest evidence supporting the optimal utilization of sequential treatments, including immunotherapy, chemotherapy (CT), antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), and targeted therapies, to prolong continuum of care and maximize survival benefits for patients. A better understanding of how to sequence available options for second-line (2L) and salvage treatments in routine patient care will facilitate optimal management of urothelial cancer patients.

Episode 1: Opening & Keynote Speech: Second-line and salvage treatment decision-making for unresectable locally advanced or metastatic (LA/m) urothelial cancer (UC)Philippe Barthélémy, MD, PhDThe increasing availability of treatment options in the first-line (1L) setting after ESMO 2023 has led to a growing complexity in determining sequential treatment strategies for different clinical scenarios following progression of 1L therapies. In this educational program on 'Best Practice Exchange in Clinical Case Scenarios', field experts will discuss the latest evidence supporting the optimal utilization of sequential treatments, including immunotherapy, chemotherapy (CT), antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), and targeted therapies, to prolong continuum of care and maximize survival benefits for patients. A better understanding of how to sequence available options for second-line (2L) and salvage treatments in routine patient care will facilitate optimal management of urothelial cancer patients.

Episode 3: Panel Discussion & Pearls for PracticeFernando Maluf, MD, PhD, Enrique Grande, MD, MSc, PhD and Joachim Chan, BSc, MBBS, MRCP, FRCR, MDThe therapeutic landscape of unresectable locally advanced or metastatic (LA/m) urothelial cancer (UC) has undergone a significant transformation in recent years with the addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and novel antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) to the treatment armamentarium. In real-world practice, factors such as drug accessibility, clinical characteristics, adverse events, and patient preferences greatly influence treatment decisions across diverse geographical regions. Therefore, it is crucial to develop an optimal treatment strategy tailored to the individual needs of patients in the first-line (1L) setting. In this educational program on ‘Best Practice Exchange in Clinical Case Scenarios', experts in the field will discuss the latest evidence supporting the use of these therapies in clinical practice, including patient selection criteria for platinum eligibility and ineligibility, optimal 1L treatment strategies and immunotherapy maintenance approaches, considerations for treatment sequencing, and management of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). An improved understanding of the role and application of individual 1L treatment strategies in routine patient care will facilitate optimal management for patients with urothelial cancer.

Episode 2: Case 1: First-line treatment with maintenance immunotherapy for a platinum-eligible patient Case 2: First-line treatment with mono-immunotherapy for a cisplatin-ineligible patientJoachim Chan, BSc, MBBS, MRCP, FRCR, MDThe therapeutic landscape of unresectable locally advanced or metastatic (LA/m) urothelial cancer (UC) has undergone a significant transformation in recent years with the addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and novel antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) to the treatment armamentarium. In real-world practice, factors such as drug accessibility, clinical characteristics, adverse events, and patient preferences greatly influence treatment decisions across diverse geographical regions. Therefore, it is crucial to develop an optimal treatment strategy tailored to the individual needs of patients in the first-line (1L) setting. In this educational program on ‘Best Practice Exchange in Clinical Case Scenarios', experts in the field will discuss the latest evidence supporting the use of these therapies in clinical practice, including patient selection criteria for platinum eligibility and ineligibility, optimal 1L treatment strategies and immunotherapy maintenance approaches, considerations for treatment sequencing, and management of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). An improved understanding of the role and application of individual 1L treatment strategies in routine patient care will facilitate optimal management for patients with urothelial cancer.

Episode 1: Opening & Keynote Speech: First-line treatment decision-making for unresectable locally advanced or metastatic (LA/m) urothelial cancer (UC)Enrique Grande, MD, MSc, PhDThe therapeutic landscape of unresectable locally advanced or metastatic (LA/m) urothelial cancer (UC) has undergone a significant transformation in recent years with the addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and novel antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) to the treatment armamentarium. In real-world practice, factors such as drug accessibility, clinical characteristics, adverse events, and patient preferences greatly influence treatment decisions across diverse geographical regions. Therefore, it is crucial to develop an optimal treatment strategy tailored to the individual needs of patients in the first-line (1L) setting. In this educational program on ‘Best Practice Exchange in Clinical Case Scenarios', experts in the field will discuss the latest evidence supporting the use of these therapies in clinical practice, including patient selection criteria for platinum eligibility and ineligibility, optimal 1L treatment strategies and immunotherapy maintenance approaches, considerations for treatment sequencing, and management of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). An improved understanding of the role and application of individual 1L treatment strategies in routine patient care will facilitate optimal management for patients with urothelial cancer.

The therapeutic landscape of advanced urothelial cancer has undergone a significant transformation in recent years with the addition of PD-1/PD-L1 targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors and novel antibody-drug conjugates to the treatment armamentarium. In this Clinical Insights on the Treatment Algorithm in Unresectable Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Cancer, experts in the field will discuss the latest evidence supporting the use of these therapies in clinical practice, including patient selection for cisplatin/carboplatin eligible and platinum ineligible and optimal treatment strategy in the first-line setting, sequencing of treatments and the management of treatment-related adverse events. An improved understanding of the role and application of immunotherapy, chemotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) and targeted treatments to routine patient care will facilitate optimal management of patients with urothelial cancer.During this Expert Interview, we will be discussing the novel drugs currently in development for LA/m UC, including ongoing trials and challenges. We are joined today by a leading expert in urothelial cancer, Dr Thomas Powles from the St Bartholomew's Cancer Centre, London, UK. 

The therapeutic landscape of advanced urothelial cancer has undergone a significant transformation in recent years with the addition of PD-1/PD-L1 targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors and novel antibody-drug conjugates to the treatment armamentarium. In this Clinical Insights on the Treatment Algorithm in Unresectable Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Cancer, experts in the field will discuss the latest evidence supporting the use of these therapies in clinical practice, including patient selection for cisplatin/carboplatin eligible and platinum ineligible and optimal treatment strategy in the first-line setting, sequencing of treatments and the management of treatment-related adverse events. An improved understanding of the role and application of immunotherapy, chemotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) and targeted treatments to routine patient care will facilitate optimal management of patients with urothelial cancer.During this Expert Interview, we will be discussing the second-line treatment decision-making: How to identify the sequential treatment strategy?  We are joined today by a leading expert in urothelial cancer, Dr Yohann Loriot from the Université Paris-Saclay and Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. 

The therapeutic landscape of advanced urothelial cancer has undergone a significant transformation in recent years with the addition of PD-1/PD-L1 targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors and novel antibody-drug conjugates to the treatment armamentarium. In this Clinical Insights on the Treatment Algorithm in Unresectable Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Cancer, experts in the field will discuss the latest evidence supporting the use of these therapies in clinical practice, including patient selection for cisplatin/carboplatin eligible and platinum ineligible and optimal treatment strategy in the first-line setting, sequencing of treatments and the management of treatment-related adverse events. An improved understanding of the role and application of immunotherapy, chemotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) and targeted treatments to routine patient care will facilitate optimal management of patients with urothelial cancer.During this Expert Interview, we will be discussing the first-line treatment decision-making: How to define the patients of cisplatin eligible, carboplatin eligible and platinum ineligible?  We are joined today by a leading expert in urothelial cancer, Dr Shilpa Gupta from the Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, USA. 

The therapeutic landscape of advanced urothelial cancer has undergone a significant transformation in recent years with the addition of PD-1/PD-L1 targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors and novel antibody-drug conjugates to the treatment armamentarium. In this Clinical Insights on the Treatment Algorithm in Unresectable Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Cancer, experts in the field will discuss the latest evidence supporting the use of these therapies in clinical practice, including patient selection for cisplatin/carboplatin eligible and platinum ineligible and optimal treatment strategy in the first-line setting, sequencing of treatments and the management of treatment-related adverse events. An improved understanding of the role and application of immunotherapy, chemotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) and targeted treatments to routine patient care will facilitate optimal management of patients with urothelial cancer.During this Expert Interview, we will be discussing the first-line immunotherapy maintenance strategy: When and How to conduct the maintenance therapy? We are joined today by a leading expert in urothelial cancer, Dr Enrique Grande from the MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain. 

Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (MIBC) is defined as the tumor has spread through the bladder lining and into the bladder muscle. Optimal treatment strategies for MIBC requires the involvement of a specialist multidisciplinary team (MDT), with collaboration between surgeons, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, pathologists and other specialists.Bladder preservation is an alternative to cystectomy for patients deemed unfit for surgery. The MDT board should develop a treatment strategy tailored to meet the needs of patients seeking bladder preservation. The management of locally advanced operable bladder cancer and the role of pre and postoperative systemic treatments have become increasingly intricate. Neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy has been the standard of care for some years. Adjuvant immunotherapy has now emerged as a new standard of care for postoperative patients with high risks. Nonetheless, there remain gaps that need to be addressed for practicing oncologists to gain an in-depth understanding of individualized treatment strategies for MIBC.Let's watch the recorded video on 'Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) for MIBC' to gain comprehensive insights from leading experts – Dr. Francisco X. Real from National Cancer Research Center of Spain, Dr. Félix Guerrero Ramos from Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre in Madrid, Dr. Natalia Carballo and Dr. Enrique Grande from MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid.

About 70% to 80% of bladder cancers present as non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). The management of NMIBC includes transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT), followed by single-dose intravesical immunotherapy with bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) or intravesical chemotherapy (mitomycin C, epirubicin, or doxorubicin). The decision to instill BCG and/or chemotherapy is based on the risk of cancer progression or recurrence.For practicing oncologists, it is crucial to address Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) regarding NMIBC such as how to define individual risk groups and treatment recommendations for each group, how to identify BCG refractoriness and relapse in clinical practice, and how to manage patients who are BCG refractory. Let's watch the recorded video on 'Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) for NMIBC' to gain comprehensive insights from leading experts – Dr. Francisco X. Real from National Cancer Research Center of Spain and Dr. Félix Guerrero Ramos from Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre in Madrid, Spain.

Platinum-based chemotherapy (CT) has been the preferred treatment for patients with unresectable locally advanced and/or metastatic (LA/m) urothelial cancer (UC) for several decades. With the evolving development of immunotherapy in the first-line (1L) setting, the standard management approach for LA/m UC consisted of cisplatin-based CT in cisplatin eligible patients or carboplatin-based CT in cisplatin ineligible patients followed by maintenance avelumab (an anti-PD-L1 inhibitor) in those who do not have disease progression with 1L platinum-based CT.However, with the release of EV-302 and CheckMate-901 data during ESMO 2023, the landscape of 1L treatment becomes more competitive and complex. How can we access the new data? How can we strike a balance between efficacy and toxicity? How can we optimize decision-making regarding 1L treatment for both cisplatin-eligible and ineligible patients?Let's watch the recorded video on 'Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) for 1L Treatment Decision-making' to gain comprehensive insights from leading expert – Dr. Enrique Grande from MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid.

In the third and final podcast on extensive-stage SCLC, the experts discuss ongoing trials, as well as potential predictive biomarkers of response, and the problem of tumor plasticity. 

In the second podcast on extensive-stage SCLC, the experts examine the biology of SCLC and discuss the molecular subtypes, which have distinct therapeutic vulnerabilities. 

In this first of three podcasts on extensive-stage SCLC, the experts discuss the management of patients with relapsed SCLC based on current evidence and guidelines.

In this final episode of our podcast exploring the role of immunotherapy in advanced urothelial cancer, Dr Tom Powles and Dr Aristotelis Bamias discuss the treatment options for patients after first-line or maintenance immunotherapy, including second-line immunotherapy and salvage treatment options. 

In the first of three podcasts exploring the role of immunotherapy in advanced urothelial cancer, genitourinary cancer experts Dr Tom Powles and Dr Aristotelis Bamias discuss the latest evidence-based treatment strategies for patients with advanced metastatic urothelial cancer. 

In this second podcast, Dr Tom Powles and Dr Aristotelis Bamias discuss the role of immunotherapy in the neoadjuvant or adjuvant setting for patients with locally advanced disease, based on the latest data from clinical trials. 

In this episode, the experts assess the latest data on targeted therapy for KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC, including the first phase III data on targeted therapy. Hear expert opinions of how these results may influence clinical practice.  

Recent advances in genomic profiling technology have led to the identification of several rare actionable alterations in advanced NSCLC; targeted therapies for many of these molecular NSCLC subtypes are now available. In this episode, the experts evaluate the latest updates from clinical trials using these agents and the impact on clinical practice. 

In this episode, the experts discuss the latest insights on osimertinib resistance in EGFR-mutated NSCLC and promising new data on targeting MET amplification, one of the most common acquired resistance mechanisms to first-line osimertinib.

In this episode, lung cancer experts discuss the treatment approach for patients with early-stage, resectable NSCLC who  harbor EGFR sensitizing mutations. Listen to the latest clinical trial data on the use of adjuvant targeted therapy for this patient population.

In this episode, experts explore new data related to EGFR TKI resistance, specifically resistance to osimertinib. Listen to our experts evaluating the real-world data on most common resistance mechanisms to osimertinib and emerging strategies to overcome resistance. 

In this episode, our experts discuss current and new strategies for targeting KRAS G12C mutation. Hear about emerging strategies to enhance activity of current treatment options in this molecular subtype. 

In this episode two experts discuss new data presented at WCLC on targeting MET ex14 skipping mutations. Listen to the latest evidence on managing this rare molecular subtype and how these data may impact clinical practice. 

Novel strategies are needed to improve outcomes for patients with LA SCCHN. Enhancing chemoradiation by targeting Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs) – a class of proteins that regulate apoptosis and modulate immune responses – is currently the most promising strategy, and a phase III clinical trial is underway. Alternative targeted therapies in combination with (chemo)radiation are also being investigated. Dr. Yungan Tao, Dr. Jonathan Schoenfeld, and Dr. Ezra Cohen review the available data for targeting IAPs and consider the future treatment landscape for patients with LA SCCHN. 

Based on improved survival, PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (± chemotherapy) have become the standard of care for patients with recurrent/metastatic SCCHN. However, in patients with locally advanced disease, the results of several clinical trials evaluating the addition of PD-(L)1 inhibitors to conventional chemoradiotherapy have been disappointing. Dr. Ezra Cohen, Dr. Yungan Tao, and Dr. Jonathan Schoenfeld discuss the potential reasons for immunotherapy failure, promising neoadjuvant immunotherapy approaches, and some ongoing, eagerly awaited trials that will hopefully help to define the role of immunotherapy in LA SCCHN.

More than half of patients with head and neck cancer present with locally advanced disease, and high-risk patients continue to have a poor prognosis. The treatment of locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LA SCCHN) is complex and requires a multidisciplinary team approach. Dr. Jonathan Schoenfeld, Dr. Ezra Cohen, and Dr. Yungan Tao discuss the current treatment strategies for these patients and challenges in achieving cure while preserving function and quality of life.

In our final episode of a series of advanced urothelial case discussions, two experts review the case of a patient with immunotherapy-related adverse events. Listen in to hear about the latest guidelines for the management of immune-related adverse events and how our experts would manage this patient.

In this penultimate episode of our podcast exploring treatment options for patients with advanced urothelial cancer, our experts discuss the latest data on immunotherapy options for cisplatin-ineligible patients. Learn when and how immunotherapy may be an appropriate treatment approach for your patients.

In this episode of our clinical case discussion podcast, experts explore second-line and salvage treatment options for patients with advanced urothelial cancer. Gain up-to-date information on novel treatment options for patients who have progressed after first-line therapy 

 In this episode of a series of podcasts exploring treatment options for patients with advanced urothelial cancer, our experts discuss the options for a patient who has previously undergone surgery, and is ineligible for cisplatin-based treatment. Learn about the latest treatment recommendations and the impact on patient outcomes.  

 In this episode of our podcast series exploring the best treatment strategies for patients with advanced urothelial cancer, our two experts discuss the most appropriate treatment for a patient with locally advanced urothelial cancer. Listen in to hear what therapy the experts would recommend for this patient.  

In this first of a series of advanced urothelial cancer clinical case discussions, two experts discuss the first-line treatment strategy for a newly-diagnosed patient who is eligible for cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Listen in to hear evidence-based views on the best treatment approach for this patient. 

Clinicians face challenging decisions on what treatment strategies to use after progression on combination therapy. Also, adverse event management is an important aspect of patient care. Dr. Manuela Schmidinger and Dr. Bernard Escudier discuss the most effective treatment options in this setting and strategies for managing adverse events. 

Combinations of ICIs or ICIs with TKIs are now part of the first-line treatment strategy, based on the results of phase III trials. The burning question in clinical practice is whether one ICI-based combination is superior to other regimens. Dr. Manuela Schmidinger and Dr. Bernard Escudier discuss these combinations and the optimal sequence of drugs. 

The benefit of adjuvant therapy in preventing or delaying recurrence and improving survival for patients with localized or locally advanced RCC remains debatable. Dr. Manuela Schmidinger and Dr. Bernard Escudier discuss this hot topic. 

 With immunotherapy shifting to the frontline setting, clinicians face challenging decisions on how to treat patients after progression. Novel treatments are being developed with promising data. Dr. Tom Powles and Dr. Joaquim Bellmunt discuss the options available and this exciting area of research.

Several clinical trials are underway to evaluate ICIs in the neoadjuvant setting, and recent data indicate that adjuvant therapy may improve survival in patients with advanced urothelial cancer. Dr. Tom Powles and Dr. Joaquim Bellmunt discuss the latest evidence. 

ICIs have been approved as front-line treatment for certain patient populations, and ICI as maintenance therapy has also been approved. Several randomized phase III trials are underway investigating the use of ICIs in the first-line setting. Dr. Tom Powles and Dr. Joaquim Bellmunt discuss the latest data and how this impacts patient care.