Those Who Came Before Us

Bugweri is one of the chiefdoms that make up the current kingdom of Busoga.It is ruled by the AbaiseMenha clan. Imbued with the authority of Mukama from Bunyoro kingdom in the 18th century, their founder Kakaire established himself in the southern part of Bugweri where he took power from the AbaiseMusuubo clan. Their rulers are given the title of Menha.This is their pre-colonial history.Follow me on instagram @twcbupodYoutube, Tiktok and twitter @ThoseWhoCameBeforeUsSourcesDavid William Cohen, “The Historical Tradition of Busoga; Mukama and Kintu” ( London: Clarendon Press, 1972)Federick Peter Batala-Nayenga, “An Economic History of the Lacustrine States of Busoga, Uganda: 1750-1939” ( University of Michigan, 1976)Minah Nabirye and Gilles-Maurice De Schryver, “Enkaana” (Kampala, Menha Publishers, 2022)Below are the specific stories from Enkaana that were used. Benyamenyi Menha, mwiseMenha, recorded at his home at Namakunhu, Bugweri, 22 September 1966. Text 331Miss Kitimbo Lukiya Kitimbo, mwiseMenha, recorded at her home at Busesa, Bugweri. Text 330Kibedi Y.M. Zirabamuzale, mwiseMenha, recorded at his home at Bugembe, Butembe-Bunya, 21 September 1966. Text 333Y.K. Lubogo ESQ, “History of Busoga”(Kisubi,Uganda: Marianum Press Ltd, 2020)(Translated and reprint from original written in Luganda)Follow Music UsedNtajermwaOkwidhibanaEndhala Yomusana

This is a morbid cautionary tale from Busoga in Uganda. It was told by Christopher Baseuse from the AbaiseKiranda clan. It was recorded by historian David Cohen at Baseuse's home on 7 October 1966.Follow me onInstagram at twcbupodTiktok at ThoseWhoCameBeforeUsTwitter at ThoseWhoCameBeforeUsWatch the Youtube version at the link below.https://youtu.be/TKlc2SDHiRw

The AbaiseNgobi are the clan from which the Kyabazinga(king) of Busoga will be picked.They are the royals of the kingdom. There were many states which were under their leadership.Today I discuss the pre-colonial history of the AbaiseNgobi of Kigulu chiefdom.FYI, I happen to be a prince from there. ;)Follow me on Instagram: TWCBUpodTiktok: Those Who Came Before UsYoutube: Those Who Came Before UsReferencesDavid William Cohen, “The Historical Tradition of Busoga; Mukama and Kintu” ( London: Clarendon Press, 1972)David William Cohen, “The Political Transformation of Northern Busoga:Cahiers d'Études Africaines, Vol. 22, Cahier 87/88, Systèmes étatiques africains (1982),pp. 465-488David William Cohen, “Emergence and Crisis: The States of Northern Busoga in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries” , in D. DENOON, ed., History of Uganda, vol. II (Nairobi: East African Publishing House). Federick Peter Batala-Nayenga, “An Economic History of the Lacustrine States of Busoga, Uganda: 1750-1939” ( University of Michigan, 1976)Renee Tantala, “The Consolidation of AbaiseNgobi Rule in Southern Kigulu” ( Madison: University of Wisconsin, B. A. thesis), IV-77 P. mimeo, 1973)Y.K. Lubogo ESQ, “History of Busoga”(Kisubi,Uganda: Marianum Press Ltd, 2020)(Translated and reprint from original written in Luganda)Music UsedOmukazi Omugamba Lubala, Sound of Africa Series.Obuwala Bwe Nawandende, ‘'  ‘'

This story is based on the folklore called "The famine" which was collected by Mrs George Baskerville. I think the name change is more fitting. lol.The name of the book it was published in is called "The Flame Tree and other folklore."Like and Subcribe.Check out my instagram page @twcbupod and Youtube channel for the video version.https://youtu.be/S64Z0Dfmj3II am working on the next historical podcast and video on busoga. It's coming. In the meantime, I'll be posting folklore.Stay tuned. :)

The Busoga kingdom is located in Eastern Uganda. It's one of the 5 monarchies of Uganda.Today I talk about the pre-colonial beginnings of Busoga. Kintu and Mukama  are two men mentioned as being the fathers of the people who founded the many states that comprised this kingdom. Enjoy. :)There is a youtube version of today's episode if you would like to check that out. There are slight variations in presentation between the two but the information is the same.  Please follow link below. Subscribe and follow.https://youtu.be/2MGe3WVXKh8ReferencesDavid William Cohen, “The Historical Tradition of Busoga; Mukama and Kintu” ( London: Clarendon Press, 1972)Y.K. Lubogo ESQ, “History of Busoga”(Kisubi,Uganda: Marianum Press Ltd, 2020)(Translated and reprinted from original written in Luganda)B.A Ogot, "The Great Lakes Region" , "UNESCO General History of Africa IV, Africa from the Twelfth to the Sixteenth Century" (Heinemann Educational Books, 1981)The Eclipse Of Biharwe 1520 AD, Biharwe Hill Mbarara (https://www.travel256.com/safari-news/2017/11/the-eclipse-of-biharwe-1520-ad-biharwe-hill-mbarara/) (Nov/2/2017)Music UsedInfados" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Ominous" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Musirankondo by Kuruseni and Soga Men (Busoga)Odhiambo Odet by  Ogalo Mirasi (Western Kenya)Ntajemerwa by The Ntajemerwa Royal Drummers (Bunyoro)Recorded by Hugh Tracey in the 1950s.Nva Jinja  by Laty Wizy ft Busoga Stars. Nva Jinja means "I am from Jinja"

In today's episode, we talk about the military of  the pre-colonial African kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara. For most of its history, Bunyoro did not have a standing army. Instead, they relied on the common man to take up arms when called upon by his chiefs. These armies were called Obwesengeze.That was until the 1870s when Kabaleega created the Abarusura army, a force dedicated to the protection of the state. The army was led by several commanders such as Rwabudongo, Ireeta, Kikukule, Nyakamatura and Byabachwezi.Enjoy the episode!!SourcesYolamu Ndoleriire Nsamba, Mystique In Sovereigns' Headgear (Wandsbeck: Reach Publishers, 2016), p208 - 210G.N. Uzoigwe, Revolution and Revolt in Bunyoro- Kitara (Kampala, Longman Uganda, 1970) Shane Doyle, Crisis & Decline in Bunyoro; Population & Environment in Western Uganda 1860 - 1955, (Kampala: Fountain Publishers, 2006) p 42 - 61J.W. Nyakatura, Anatomy of an African Kingdom (New York: Nok Publishers, 1973) p 138 -153Edward I. Steinhart, Conflict and Collaboration, The Kingdoms of Western Uganda 1890-1907(New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1977)Albert Bushnell Lloyd, Uganda to Khartoum: Life and Adventure on the Upper Nile (T. Fisher Unwin, 1906) pg 33Sir Samuel Baker, Ismailïa: A Narrative of the Expedition to Central Africa for the suppression of Slave Trade (London: Macmillian and CO, 1879) pg 377Sir Samuel Baker, The Albert-nyanza, Great Basin Of The Nile And Explorations Of The Nile Sources (Outlook Verlag, 2019 ) pg 229 (Reproduction)Chris Peers, East Africa: Tribal and Imperial Armies in Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania and Zanzibar, 1800 to 1900: East Africa - Tribal and Imperial Armies in Uganda, Kenya, ... to 1900 (Armies of the Nineteenth Century), ( Foundry, 2004) pg 40-51.Sound usedPyscho dog man news videoBurundi war drumsNsiriba ya Munange Katego (Sound of Africa series)GTA Type beat (prod XNOVA)

Before the arrival of Christianity and Islam, the religion of Kubandwa was an East African spirit possession faith practiced by many groups in the great lakes region. It is still practiced today to a much smaller degree and has a terrible/unfair reputation of witchcraft like other indigenous african religions. In this episode, I discuss what the religion must've looked like in Pre-colonial Bunyoro. We will talk about what it actually is, what it meant to people and how followers became mediums.ReferencesJohn H. Beattie, Initiation into the Cwezi Spirit possession cult in Bunyoro (African Studies, Vol 16, Issue 3, 1957)John H. Beattie, John Middleton, "Spirit Mediumship and Society in Africa "( London: Routledge Library Editions, 1969)Yk Bamunoba, "Diviners for the Abagabe", (Uganda Journal Vol 29, Issue 1, 1965)Shane Doyle, "Cwezi Kubandwa Debate: Gender, Hegemony and Pre-Colonial Religion in Bunyoro, Western Uganda", Journal of the International African Institute, Vol. 77, No. 4 (Cambridge University Press Africa: 2007)Yolamu Ndoleriire Nsamba, "Mystique In Sovereigns' Headgear "(Wandsbeck: Reach Publishers, 2016)Cecilia Pennacini, "Religious mobility and body language in Kubandwa possession cults", (Journal of Eastern African Studies Vol 3 No 2 , 2009)Paul Van Thiel, "Some Preliminary Notes On The Music Of The Cwezi Cult In Ankole" (Western Uganda) (African Music, Vol. 5, No. 3 (1973/1974))MusicAnkole, West UgandaEkitaaguriro - IruReeba, mandwa - Hima    Ebizooba - HimaSound of Africa SeriesOkuturukya OmukamaNtajamerwa

This episode is an attempt to reconstruct the pre-colonial society of Bunyoro.  I discuss their clans, livelihoods, marriage and justice etc. Please note that the information presented was collected during the colonial period in Uganda. Therefore it is impossible to say with absolute certainty that everything was exactly the same as in pre-colonial times. Enjoy.PS: Banyoro, please excuse my butchery of your language. :)                                                                                                                                                             SourcesJohn Beattie, Bunyoro; An African Kingdom (New York: Holt Rinehart and Winston Inc, 1960) John Roscoe: The Bakitara (London: Cambridge University Press, 1923) G.N. Uziogwe: Precolonial Markets in Bunyoro-kitara( University of Michigan: Cambridge University Press 1972) Yolamu Ndoleriire Nsamba, Mystique In Sovereign Headgear (Wandsbeck: Reach Publishers, 2016), Shane Doyle, Crisis & Decline in Bunyoro; Population & Environment in Western Uganda 1860 - 1955, (Kampala: Fountain Publishers, 2006) J.K Babiiha, The Uganda Journal; The Journal of Uganda Society Vol 22 No.2 “The Bayaga of Western Uganda” (The Uganda Society Kampala, Sept 1958) p123Sir James George Frazier, Marriage and Worship in the Early Societies A Treatise on Totemism and Exogamy (New Delhi: Mittal Publications, Jan 1986) p497Isaabaruuli Isaabarongo Mwogezi Butamanya, “The History of Baruuli/Banyala” (Kampala: Earnest Publishers, 2004)Background Music SourcesTruth in the Stones Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/“Obugambo bunsemerire ngalyara” recorded by Hugh Tracey.“Kawamyita wagenda baligira nkaituoha” recorded by Hugh Tracey. It's a wedding song.

The following episode is an examination of the kingship and authority in the pre-colonial Bunyoro state. 

Great Britain succeeded in forcing the submission of Bunyoro after the 1890's war of conquest.In their wake was left an utterly dejected people who struggled more than their regional counterparts to adapt to the new status quo.Their undeserved bad reputation plus their resistance of almost a decade, was reason enough to punish them for a war that had cost the invaders a lot of money.This is an account of the Bunyoro peoples lives during the colonial period from 1900-1962. SourcesYolamu Ndoleriire Nsamba, Mystique In Sovereigns’ Headgear (Wandsbeck: Reach Publishers, 2016)G.N. Uzoigwe, Revolution and Revolt in Bunyoro- Kitara (Kampala, Longman Uganda, 1970) Shane Doyle, Crisis & Decline in Bunyoro; Population & Environment in Western Uganda 1860 - 1955, (Kampala: Fountain Publishers, 2006) Shane Doyle, Population Decline and Delayed Recovery in Bunyoro, 1860-1960; The Journal of African History, Vol. 41, No. 3 (London: Cambridge University Press, 2000)Shane Doyle, “From Kitara to the Lost Counties: Genealogy, Land and Legitimacy in the Kingdom of Bunyoro, Western Uganda” Social Identities Vol. 12, No. 4 (London: Routledge Taylor & Francis, 2006) Yolamu Ndoleriire Nsamba, Breaking Chains of Poverty, Bunyoro - Kitara Kingdom Advocacy Publication (Hoima; Bunyoro-Kitara Kingdom, Royal Palace Karuziika) Music Transition SourcesInfados Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/Energizing Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

The death of Omukama(King) Kamurasi in 1869 triggered the customary succession war between 2 of his sons Kabigumire and Kabaleega. The latter won the duel and went on to be Bunyoro’s greatest king. He initiated new political and military reforms unlike anything the kingdom had seen before.Under him, Bunyoro began to regain the strength that it had been losing over the past century. Increased trade with the Arabs enriched and allowed him to modernize the state. He handled multiple crises back to back and sometimes at the same time. These included his country’s age-old rivals the Baganda, the Arab slavers, and the Egyptian Equatoria empire. But by far it is his 6 year war of resistance against Great Britain that makes him popular.Tune in and learn about the man whose defiance caused the biggest military deployment of troops in East Africa during the colonial conquest era of the late 1800s.Transcript is available at https://www.buzzsprout.com/1180802 if you would like to read along. SourcesYolamu Ndoleriire Nsamba, Mystique In Sovereigns’ Headgear (Wandsbeck: Reach Publishers, 2016), p208 - 210G.N. Uzoigwe, Revolution and Revolt in Bunyoro- Kitara (Kampala, Longman Uganda, 1970) p 8Shane Doyle, Crisis & Decline in Bunyoro; Population & Environment in Western Uganda 1860 - 1955, (Kampala: Fountain Publishers, 2006) p 42 - 61J.W. Nyakatura, Anatomy of an African Kingdom (New York: Nok Publishers, 1973) p 138 -153G.N. Uzoigwe, Succession and Civil War in Bunyoro - Kitara, The International Journal of African Historical Studies ( Boston University African Studies Center, 1973) p66John Beattie, Bunyoro; An African Kingdom (New York: Holt Rinehart and Winston Inc, 1960) p 18-20Kihumuro Apuuli, 1000 Years of Bunyoro- Kitara Kingdom - The People and the Rulers (Kampala; Fountain Publishers, 1994) Music Isolated Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

After the collapse of the Bachwezi empire, the Babiito took over as Bunyoro’s 3rd dynasty in the 16th Century. The precise year this happened is hard to pin down. However, the Babiito began their kingship differently from their predecessors. While the Bachwezi and Batembuzi were both healers and politicians, the Babiito stayed away from the ritual side of things. Their rule extended into the 19th century when the kingdom was experiencing long term decline due to various circumstances. Bunyoro was no longer the number 1 regional power. That spot went to their neighbour and age old rivals… Buganda. SourcesYolamu Ndoleriire Nsamba, Mystique In Sovereigns’ Headgear (Wandsbeck: Reach Publishers, 2016), p174, 186, 192, 193, David Schoenbrun, A Mask of Calm: Emotion and Founding the Kingdom of Bunyoro in the 16th Century, Comparative Studies in Society and History (Northwestern University, 2013) p 634, G.N. Uzoigwe, Revolution and Revolt in Bunyoro- Kitara (Kampala, Longman Uganda, 1970) p 9Shane Doyle, Crisis & Decline in Bunyoro; Population & Environment in Western Uganda 1860 - 1955, (Kampala: Fountain Publishers, 2006) p14, 43Ruth Fischer, Twilight Tales of the Black Baganda( London: Marshall Brothers, 1938), p120, 159J.W. Nyakatura, Anatomy of an African Kingdom (New York: Nok Publishers, 1973) p 41, 57, 84 -95G.N. Uzoigwe, Succession and Civil War in Bunyoro - Kitara, The International Journal of African Historical Studies ( Boston University African Studies Center, 1973) p66John Beattie, Bunyoro; An African Kingdom (New York: Holt Rinehart and Winston Inc, 1960) p 18-20 Music TransitionEnergizing Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

In this episode, we discuss police brutality in Africa. A slight detour from the Kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara series. #BLACKLIVESMATTER SourcesGlasman,Joel. 2017. What is the Concept of Professionalization Good For? An Argument From Late Colonialism. Police in Africa:The Street Level View, NY, USA: Oxford University Press Steinberg, Jonny. 2017. Policing During and After Apartheid: A New Perspective on Continuity and Change. Police in Africa: The Street Level View, NY, USA: Oxford University PressFaull, Andrew. 2017. Fighting for Respect: Violence, Masculinity and Legitmacy in the South African Police Service. Police in Africa: The Street Level View, NY, USA: Oxford University Press.Kyed, Helene Maria. 2017. Inside the Police Stations in Maputo City: Between Legality and Legitimacy. Police in Africa: The Street Level View, NY, USA: Oxford University Press.Lar, Jimam. 2017. Historicizing Vigilante Policing in Plateau State,Nigeria. Police in Africa: The Street Level View, NY, USA: Oxford University Press.Thurmann, Laura. 2017. Somewhere between Green and Blue: A Special Police Unit in DR Congo. Police in Africa: The Street Level View, NY, USA: Oxford University Press.International Crisis Group. 2017. “Double Edged Sword: Vigilantes in African Counter Insurgencies” Accessed August 13. https://www.crisisgroup.org/africa/west-africa/sierra-leone/251-double-edged-sword-vigilantes-african-counter-insurgenciesThe Conversation. 2017. “Vigilantism is Flourishing in Nigeria- with Official Support” Accessed August 13 https://theconversation.com/vigilantism-is-flourishing-in-nigeria-with-official-support-86867Livingstone, Steven. 2013. Africa’s Information Revolution: Implications for Crime, Policing, and Citizen Security, Washington DC, USA: African Center For Strategic Studies.Forrest, Kally. 2015. Bold Recommendations Embedded in Timidity: International Union Rights, Vol. 22, No. 3 (2015), pp. 6-7: International Centre for Trade Union RightsDe Mesquita, Bruce Bueno. 2007. Leopold II and the Selectorate: An Account in Contrast to a Racial Explanation, Historical Social Research / Historische Sozialforschung, Vol. 32, No. 4 (122), Neue Politische Ökonomie in der Geschichte / New Political Economy in History, pp. 203-221. Gesis - Leibniz - Institute for the Social Sciences, Center for Historical Social Research.NTV Fourth Estate.2020. “How the Media Covered Emmanuel Tegu’s Death” Accessed August 10 Music TransitionDigya Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/Energizing Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

The Bachwezi attract a lot of attention because of their grandiose claim of an empire.Many theories abound of their supposed identity. Were they Banyoro? Were they Portuguese? Egyptian? Greeks? Or simply a figment of a society’s imagination.The answer is of course much closer to home. Join me in this episode as I talk about the real history behind the Bachwezi.Kitara map linkhttps://drive.google.com/file/d/19odGsKU1EsxbXoXE9q37M_zRKoGavLot/view?usp=sharingBachwezi Lineage Tree Linkhttps://drive.google.com/file/d/1wfkxR3Trcl0knlwhXKUWfqs3phU5fK4b/view?usp=sharingNight Runners (Night Dancers) Linkhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wCfTAa-w4Y&t=118s Roc(Middle Eastern Mythical Bird)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roc_(mythology) Sources Yolamu Ndoleriire Nsamba, "Mystique In Sovereigns’ Headgear "(Wandsbeck: Reach Publishers, 2016), p 52, 80-83,131, 146-147, 155, 163-167, 175Christopher Wrigley, “Some Thoughts on the Bacwezi” The Uganda Journal, The Journal of the Uganda Society Vol 22 No. 1”( London: Headley Brothers Ltd, 1958) p 14E.C. Lanning, “The Identity of the Bachwezi” The Uganda Journal, The Journal of Uganda Society Vol 22 No.2” ( London: Headley Brothers Ltd, 1958) p 188Ruth Fischer, Twilight Tales of the Black Baganda( London: Marshall Brothers, 1938), p97, 103Edith Sanders, “The Hamitic Hypothesis; It’s Origin and Functions in the Time Perspective” The Journal of African History, Vol. 10, No. 4 ( London: Cambridge University Press,1969), p 521B.A Ogot, “The Great Lakes Region” General History of Africa volume 4: Africa from the 12th to the 16th Century (Berkley : University of California Press, 1984) p500,502Shane Doyle, “From Kitara to the Lost Counties: Genealogy, Land and Legitimacy in the Kingdom of Bunyoro,Western Uganda” Social Identities Vol. 12, No. 4 (London: Routledge Taylor & Francis, 2006) p 459 Music Transition SourcesGregorian Chant Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/Infados Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

The Bachwezi are the second dynasty in Bunyoro-Kitara's history. This family is the most revered due to the fact that they are credited with the creation of the legendary empire of Kitara.In this episode, we'll talk about the Bachwezi as told by Bunyoro oral tradition.Their stories have it all,1, Family drama -check2, Forbidden love - check3, Prophecies - check check checkSourcesYolamu Ndoleriire Nsamba, Mystique In Sovereigns’ Headgear (Wandsbeck: Reach Publishers, 2016), p 65J.W. Nyakatura, Anatomy of an African Kingdom (New York: Nok Publishers, 1973) p 21 - 44John Beattie, Bunyoro; An African Kingdom (New York: Holt Rinehart and Winston Inc, 1960) p 15-16Lukyn Williams, Ankore Folktales, Journal of the International African Institute Vol. 21 No.1 ( London: Cambridge University Press, 1951) p 40Christopher Wrigley, “Some Thoughts on the Bacwezi” The Uganda Journal, The Journal of the Uganda Society Vol 22 No. 1"( London: Headley Brothers Ltd, 1958) p 14Ruth Fischer, Twilight Tales of the Black Baganda( London: Marshall Brothers, 1938), p86Background Music SourcesConstance Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/Teddy Bear Waltz Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/Rising Game Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/Firebrand Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/Mystery Bazaar Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Welcome to the second episode of the show "Those Who Came Before Us".We continue the history of this ancient kingdom with the story of Isaza, the last king of the Batembuzi. It's a popular tale about the importance of respect for the elders. In this episode, I not only tell you Isaza's story but also reveal the real history behind this folklore. Enjoy!! Hosted by David Ibanda.SourcesJohn Beattie, Bunyoro; An African Kingdom (New York: Holt Rinehart and Winston Inc, 1960) p13 & p26J.W. Nyakatura, Anatomy of an African Kingdom (New York: Nok Publishers, 1973) p9-11Yolamu Ndoleriire Nsamba, Mystique In Sovereigns' Headgear (Wandsbeck: Reach Publishers, 2016), p 93,105,118,119,122Ruth Fischer, Twilight Tales of the Black Baganda( London: Marshall Brothers, 1938), p80-83David Schoenbrun, “Pythons Worked: Constellating Communities of Practice with Conceptual Metaphor in Northern Victoria Nyanza, ca. 800-1200 CE,” in Andrew Roddick and Ann Brower Stahl (eds.) Knowledge in Motion: Constellations of Learning Across Time and Space (Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2016), p218&219.Background Music SourcesKumasi Groove Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/Slow Heat Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/Truth in the Stones Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Bunyoro-Kitara is a prestigious kingdom in Uganda. One that is said to be the heir to the legendary empire of Kitara. Join me, as I go through the birth of this esteemed kingdom that is known as the father of all kings in the African great lakes region.