Podcasts about functions

Welcome to another episode of BREAKING Protocol, our ongoing mini-series where we break down key updates and design questions straight from the development of SHADE Protocol. Today's topic isn't a weapon, an enemy, or even a location. It's something much bigger. It's the backbone of how the world works, how Replicas think, and how you, as the player, will shape Zura into your own version of a hero. Today, we're talking about Protocols!https://linktr.ee/LittleLegendaryGames?utm_source=linktree_profile_share⁠⁠⁠⁠ Host: Jared Gonzalez. Executive Producer: Kendall Quinoñes. Cohost: Chaz Hawkins, Mauro Piquera. Master Chief Engineer: Jared Gonzalez. Editor: Jared Gonzalez. Graphics Editor: Jared Gonzalez. Digital Media Editor: Jared Gonzalez. Producer: Jared Gonzalez. ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://linktr.ee/razzledazzleshowpodcast⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠#razzledazzle #razzledazzleshow #indiegames #indiegamedev #indiedev #shadeprotocol #metroidvania

In this encore episode, we detail the structure of the intestinal mucosal barrier alongside central roles that zinc plays in supporting various aspects of mucosal barrier integrity. We discuss key anatomical features, including the mucus layer, epithelial cells, and tight junctions, as well as detail zinc's physiological roles, its relationship with copper, and factors that can affect zinc levels. The discussion further details zinc levels, zinc absorption, and specialized forms of zinc, such as zinc carnosine.Topics:1. Introduction - Overview of intestinal barrier anatomy- Highlighting the role of zinc 2. Intestinal Barrier Anatomy - Four major layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa- Mucosa subdivisions; focus on epithelium  3. The Mucus Layer  - Location over the epithelial surface- Composition: mucin-rich, secreted by goblet cells- Goblet cell mucin storage and expansion upon hydration- Functions: trapping pathogens, lubricating epithelium, housing molecules including secretory IgA- Small intestine mucus - Large intestine mucus 4. The Intestinal Epithelium - Monolayer of epithelial cells: enterocytes, goblet cells, and more- Tight junctions, paracellular transport - Continuous epithelial renewal 5. Introduction to Zinc - Zinc as a trace mineral required in minute quantities for numerous physiological processes - Second most abundant trace mineral after iron; majority stored in muscle and bone- Maintaining plasma and intracellular zinc concentrations within narrow range- Both deficiency and excess can disrupt biochemical processes 6. Zinc and Copper  - Zinc and copper as closely interconnected minerals- Zinc, copper, and metallothionein binding in enterocytes- Both high and low zinc can disrupt zinc-copper balance- Metallothionein as a cysteine-rich metal-binding protein  7. Factors Affecting Zinc Levels  - Multifactorial- Possible signs of low zinc status 8. Zinc Absorption  - Dietary sources- Primary absorption in small intestine - In the stomach: HCl and pepsin denature proteins and cleave peptide bonds, releasing zinc from protein complexes- Dietary zinc often bound within tertiary protein structure- Specialized transporters  9. Zinc's Role in the Intestinal Barrier  - Zinc and tight junction proteins- Zinc and Intestinal Epithelial Cells - Zinc and the mucus layer 10. Broader Context of Zinc in Physiology   11. Zinc Carnosine  - Molecular complex of zinc and carnosine- L-carnosine composed of beta-alanine and L-histidine- Gastrointestinal context 12. Conclusion - Multifactorial and multi-system.Thank you to our episode sponsor: 1. Shop Luxxe Red Light™ ⁠⁠here⁠⁠ and receive 10% off.* Luxxe Red Light™ panels are for general wellness and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. *This podcast is for general informational and educational purposes only and should not be used as medical advice. Thanks for tuning in!"⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠75 Gut-Healing Strategies & Biohacks⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠" Follow Chloe on Instagram ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@synthesisofwellness⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠synthesisofwellness.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

Preparing the Bride - A five fold gift is not about a title, it's about a function. Sunday sermon from 3.8.26

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There is a storm coming with the challenges of navigating the TRUSTEE CRISIS. It is one of the biggest blind spots in the “GREAT WEALTH TRANSFER” and will be the source of mountains of litigation for the unwary, https://youtu.be/hwQev88A03M Summary In this conversation, Frazer Rice and Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey discuss the current crisis in trusteeship, highlighting the shortage of qualified trustees amidst a significant wealth transfer. They explore the importance of modern trust planning, the challenges faced by individual trustees, and the need for better education and training in the field. The discussion also covers the emotional and interpersonal aspects of trusteeship, the functions and responsibilities of trustees, and the necessity of managing risk effectively. They emphasize the importance of building a pipeline for future trustees and improving the perception of the profession, while also identifying opportunities within the trust industry. https://open.spotify.com/episode/4qpkrVdaUa2AfDxgl7j3yN?si=XVgG3jE_Qpqq2JTqi8XLXQ Editing and post-production work for this episode was provided by The Podcast Consultant (⁠https://thepodcastconsultant.com⁠) Takeaways The coming crisis in trusteeship is already here. There is a significant shortage of qualified trustees. Trusteeship requires strong interpersonal skills and emotional intelligence. Managing risk is a fundamental aspect of trusteeship. Trustees critically need education and training. The role of a trustee is evolving with increasing complexity. Beneficiaries need to understand their rights and the trustee’s role. Custodial responsibilities are essential for asset protection. There are many opportunities for growth in the trust industry. Trust law and investment management are distinct fields. This Episode is for . . . Anyone that has an estate plan with a trust in it and doesn't know what a trustee does Any advisor who works w/ multi-generational situations (that’s everybody in wealth management) Any RIA looking to sell Financial types worried about compliance world Fiduciary litigators Chapters of “THE TRUSTEE CRISIS: Navigating the Challenges” 00:00 The Coming Crisis in Trusteeship 02:06 Importance of Modern Trust Planning 04:11 Challenges with Individual Trustees 08:03 The Dwindling Pool of Qualified Trustees 10:06 Functions and Responsibilities of a Trustee 12:20 The Emotional and Interpersonal Aspects of Trusteeship 16:05 Managing Risk in Trusteeship 19:07 Building a Pipeline for Future Trustees 22:10 The Role of Education in Trusteeship 25:07 Improving the Perception of Trusteeship 28:19 The Need for Better Trust Education 30:39 Bifurcation of Trustee Functions 33:26 Distribution Functions and Beneficiary Relations 36:52 Custodial Responsibilities in Trusteeship 40:19 Consequences of Poor Asset Management 46:41 Curriculum for Trustee Education 52:13 Opportunities in the Trust Industry Transcript of “THE TRUSTEE CRISIS: Navigating the Challenges” Frazer Rice (00:01.068)Welcome aboard, Jennifer. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (00:02.723)Thanks Frazer, how are you today? Frazer Rice (00:04.782)I am doing great. We’re going to dive into a topic that is near and dear to both of our hearts. And that is what I’m describing as the coming crisis in trusteeship, but I think it’s already here. Which is the concept of qualified trustees being in short supply, right in the face of a gigantic wealth transfer. And first of all, before we get into that, just describe what you do on a day to day basis first. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (00:33.445)Sure, I actually wear a bunch of hats. Day to day, right now, I’m a full-time practicing trust and estate attorney. I’m also an individual trustee for a variety of trusts that need either somebody here physically located in Delaware for a short period of time or even a successor trustee. But I’ve also spent many, many years building programs in trust management and trust administration. Because there is this crisis of human capital that just does not exist. I built multiple programs. They’re housed out of the University of Delaware. So I act as a trust and estate attorney, do planning, administration, I teach in the area, I build programs in the area, and I serve as a trustee. PEAK TRUST MANAGEMENT CERTIFICATE Frazer Rice (01:23.182)A full plate to be sure. To me, I came out of Wilmington Trust and another trust company served an individual trustee too. I’ve seen all these different flavors of trusteeship. My general sort of bon mot around that is that the individual trustees. I’d say 95 % or higher don’t really have an appreciation of the risk and responsibility that they’re taking on. And then the corporates have their own issues, which we’ll get into in a little bit. If we pull back even further, modern trust planning in wealth management, why is this so important? Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (02:06.275)That’s massively important. It’s not just for the mass affluent or the ultra high net worth. It’s for everybody. We have all of these assets that we have this hyperfocus on building and increasing our wealth. Making sure that we have the ability to sustain ourselves throughout our entire lives. But if we don’t do this type of planning, if we don’t have structures and implementation for when we die, then our assets that we’ve planned so diligently for will fall off of a cliff. We lose the ability to control ultimately what happens to those assets. Layered on top of that, of course, is the tax component for ultra high net worth folks who are trying to really focus and direct their assets to make and create generational wealth transfers. Without this type of functionality and wealth planning and estate planning long-term, people lose control of what they’ve spent so much time building. Frazer Rice (03:13.338)One of the things I tell people as far as trusts are concerned is that, you know, we’re putting these structures together. They’re durable enough to withstand taxation or creditors or other asset protection features, create some guidelines around distributing the assets to the next generation or other constituencies. But also have some flexibility to be able to deal with the things we can’t look into the crystal ball and figure out over time. And that those three things just putting a document together that tries to do all that is hard enough, but then to put it in the hands of somebody or something to administer and to exercise discretion around it. That’s where the real art and science kind of stitched together and create this issue. You know, as we think about that too, the idea, the history of these types of scenarios kind of goes back to, you know, you’d put a structure in place and then you’d go hire a bank and they’d take care of everything. How do you look at that and say, all right, we’ve gone well past banks to individuals and then to dedicated institutions. What is the problem there? Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (04:22.956)Now the problem, there’s two problems. In my opinion, what I see is that, you know, your individual trustee by and large is Uncle Joe, right? He’s the guy that everybody goes to in the family. The responsible one. He’s the smart one. The wealthy one who, great, doesn’t know what the fiduciary duties are. He doesn’t know that he has a duty of impartiality. He doesn’t know that… Frazer Rice (04:32.419)Right. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (04:48.475)He can’t self deal unless the instrument says so. Doesn’t understand how the instrument works. He doesn’t understand the nuance and the legalese written into the instrument. But he’s flying by the seat of his pants and everybody looks to him as the respected one in the family. No one knows that they have the ability to challenge him. So with your individual run of the mill trustee named in the instrument, they just don’t have the expertise, they don’t have the technical knowledge. Don’t know what they don’t know. They can get into trouble in that way. The other problem that you have with professional individual trustees oftentimes is that they are not formally trained. They may be an attorney who is working in that area, who’s doing plans for people who may or may not know what the full scope of being a trustee is. They may not realize, I have to get a special insurance policy because my malpractice insurance policy doesn’t actually cover this type of fiduciary engagement. There’s a lot of landmines that individuals can run into when they’re doing this type of work. On the corporate side, the problems that we run into is that there’s just a complete and utter lack. Frazer Rice (05:50.061)Hmm. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (06:12.059)Of available educational programs to teach people the proper way to be able to understand trusteeship. It has always been, and it just has developed over time through, you know, oh, we’ll give it to the bank, the bank will do it. This apprenticeship model, and that just does not scale well because if you learn improperly at the edge of a desk from somebody that learned improperly at the edge of the desk. Then the person that you’re teaching now at the edge of the desk is learning what you learned improperly. So anecdotally, I did karate for a long, long time. And the man who taught me karate, I’m almost a secondary black belt to like, was serious in karate. And the man who taught me karate said, you practice, it makes permanent. Don’t practice wrong. Because when you’re practicing wrong, you’re making permanent wrong things. And that’s what the apprenticeship model has the risk of lending itself to. It’s not that every trustee that learns at the edge of the desk learns wrong, but the risk is too high because the fiduciary responsibilities and the duties are too high to run that risk. The other problem is that we have a dwindling pool of really qualified senior trust officers because of just the nature of the job. You’re a human being, you’re an individual, you age, you retire. And it’s not something that people go to school and say, when I grow up, I want to be a trustee. They fall into it sideways. And unless there are academic programs that are out there that people are aware of and that they can get some formal training, some formal education to enter into the field. Frazer Rice (07:49.742)Yeah Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (08:03.82)Separate and distinct from, I’m in the field and now I want to get a CTFA. I want to earn my certification to really show that I have the chops in this area. We have this shrinking pool of expertise. We have a lack of knowledge, a lack of formal education, and an apprenticeship model that doesn’t scale. On top of, with the individual side and the corporate side, this massive wealth transfer and an explosion of trust complexity that’s all taking place at the same time. Frazer Rice (08:31.918)One of the issues at the corporate level too is that as you say that the impregnance model is not necessarily the best way to do it. They’re cutting back on training programs. The business model around being a trustee or even a specific trustee does not make the big money. And so the ability for those types of institutions to develop the people.who ultimately are now in a very sort of pro-employee environment where there’s such a demand for trustees that they can kind of switch around and get a 10 or 20 % bump each time they go because people are desperate to have them. There’s a real cavern there to try to create the permanence that you’re looking for in a structure that really rewards consistency over time, especially as it relates to discretion and process of decision-making. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (09:23.15)Yeah, that’s exactly right. And that leads to this revolving door in the industry, because people are just trying to make more money and they’re going and bouncing to different trust companies. And there isn’t that backfill. Just because it’s a trust company and there’s policies and procedures, trusteeship is about relationships that you make with your beneficiaries, the relationships that you develop with multiple generations in a family. And when you have somebody that’s acting and serving in that and they move, they leave, they’re no longer acting and serving in that capacity, a new personality comes into the mix and it can really be disruptive. So having that consistency and minimizing the attrition is so valuable. Frazer Rice (10:06.766)The other thing I try to bring up, especially to individual trustees, is that the thing that you’re signing up for is probably going to look a lot different in five or 10 or 15 years when people are aged on, they remarry, they have kids, etc. That the conditions are a lot different than what they were before. And it’s going to be difficult to take on a structure that has eight people when before there were two. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (10:37.517)Yes, and that’s that complexity, that increased sophistication and complexity of trust structures that are available now to people. With the increase in the exemption, these trust structures, they’re not necessarily changed. For example, qualified personal residence trust, if people really need that anymore, but there’s a ton of them sitting around there. Are trustees properly administering it? Did you actually transfer the real estate into the trust at the time? So there’s all kinds of sophisticated structures that the trustees may or may not have the right skills. But they’re saddled with having to do it. Frazer Rice (11:19.47)Let’s take a step back and just talk about the functions of a trustee for a second. I break them down basically into three. Which is the first one. You have to administer the trust, meaning you have to dot the I’s, cross the T’s, make sure things get executed, tax returns are filed, statements get sent out to the extent that that happens, and that the administration of a structure like that occurs. Then I talk about the concept that the investments have to be made monitored moved around decided and that they’re appropriate for all classes of beneficiary that are in there and then the distribution function which is The assets have to be distributed according to the law. First the trust then maybe the intent or the law if everything is silent and that those three things are very different components and that it’s tough to find somebody who’s great at all three housed within one brain. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (12:20.217)Yeah, I agree with that 100%. It is a three legged stool. It’s the investments, the administration and the distributions. And in that administration umbrella in and of itself, there’s a tremendous amount of work that sort of goes unsung. know, it’s not the sexy stuff where you’re investing and making a bunch of money for your income beneficiaries and managing to preserve the corpus for your principal or your remainder beneficiaries. And it’s certainly not the personal interaction that you’re doing with your beneficiary day to day. Making distributions, helping them, seeing the product of that help. It’s the making sure you file ax returns are properly. Understanding how to read that tax return. Even if you’re not preparing it, making a proper selection on the accountant that you’re using to prepare those tax returns if you’re not preparing it. Make sure to set up statements properly, make sure that in this world of silent trust documents that you’re not sending a statement to somebody who’s not supposed to have it. Communicating with beneficiaries on an even keel. Making sure that you’re not inadvertently violating your duty of impartiality because it’s more than just a substantive duty, there’s a procedural duty as well. That’s really, really challenging to find within one human being, let alone add on top of it somebody who’s financially savvy enough to understand investments and all of the different complex investment tools that are out there, as well as having the personality and the interpersonal skills to keep beneficiaries engaged and happy. Frazer Rice (13:56.426)Just on top of that, the EQ, the bedside manner, and the ability to simplify the complex, et cetera. At the same time, that dedicated note taker that is able to document everything that happens within a decision. Whether distribution or investment or otherwise, that it’s just two different people most times. I find that something falls apart as time goes on. Ultimately if things aren’t laid out correctly, that’s when conflict starts to simmer. Then you know if there is something that’s wrong. That’s allowed to compound that’s where you get into a huge problem later on. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (14:36.922)It’s all that feeling. People are behaving in ways that they may or may not be able to articulate their emotional proximity to. When you’re talking with beneficiaries. There’s something simmering under the surface that you inherited because you’re a trustee. You may not even be aware of it because the beneficiaries may not even be able to articulate it. You have to have a certain sense. A gut check of feelings of rntuitively being able to read what’s going on under the surface. To pull it out of people in a very balanced and even keel way. It’s not an easy job by any stretch of the imagination. On top of financial literacy and personal liability and executive functioning skills, being detail oriented, making sure your documentation is not overly explicit. isn’t, you know, scarce. You’re now wondering how and why did you make those decisions? People don’t think about the decisions that they make on a day to day basis. We don’t think in a way to articulate why I made this decision. Why I exercised this type of judgment. And that’s what we’re being asked to do as trustees is to document what is my decision making process? Why am I making the decision? What are my factors involved in making that decision in a way that’s defensible. If we ever need to defend it. Frazer Rice (16:05.292)Well, in favoring one class of people over another is usually where the rubber hits the road on this. People who are used to seeing the income from a trust and don’t want that touched come hell or high water. Then future beneficiaries who’d like to see the trust go from X to 2X to 5X. So that they have something larger to enjoy. You have a natural tension that you have to manage. It’s just not easy. If you don’t document the hows and whys of what you’re doing, you set yourself up for a problem. From one class or another looking at you saying, you you should have done it differently. To go back to that liability component. You’re the only one who sits in the chair of having made that decision. You’re the one with the bullseye on your back when it’s called to account. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (16:53.093)That’s right, that is exactly right. And now add on top of it, you’re just named because you’re Uncle Joe and everybody goes to Uncle Joe. You have no technical background and you just don’t know the landmines that are there. You don’t know what you don’t know. Wouldn’t it be wonderful if we were able to create a pipeline of really sophisticated entry level employees or folks that are, you know sophisticated in financial literacy that now want to take the job to become trustees, that we were able to give them this technical roadmap for what the job actually is and then have them get the ability to apprentice on all of those policies and procedures. What does this corporation do? How do we document things? When you’re trying to learn it all at one time, it’s like drinking from a fire hose. Let’s give people the ability to really have a chance at doing it successfully. Frazer Rice (17:53.048)So let’s dive into that pipeline issue for a second. We already diagnosed that the, let’s call it the trust companies or the banks are, they’re just not resourced enough. They can’t run people through an internal school to do it quote unquote correctly. The apprentice model really kicks in. Which means you’re at the sort of mercy of what people are good at, not good at, et cetera. People turn over quickly so that apprenticeship doesn’t even work anymore. The RIAs I think are the worst place to learn about this type of thing. They have a completely different modus operandi as far as keeping clients happy. The word fiduciary means something so different to them than it does to an actual trustee. I wouldn’t feel good about the training on that front to sort of create trustees And then so law schools. They’re they’re just trying to create people the trust in the states vertical as a general matter. Let alone trying to delineate into a trustee situation. You’re putting the pipeline together and you put these programs together. How do you stitch together the needs and what does that manifest itself into? Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (19:07.642)So that’s a really, really good question. I think that the very first place that we start with answering that question is advising on a trust as an attorney. It’s different from the administration of a trust and the skills that you need for that. So when you create a program like this where you’re trying to teach about trust management. You have to start with the technical skill. The legal side of what is it that we’re even doing? What is a trust? What are the fiduciary duties? Where do they come from? Then we have to, after we teach or create a structure or foundation on what the legality is. Now we go into how does this translate into administration? So when I created the programs, I looked at what’s the law they need to know? What is the level of sophistication of the student? And what do I need to, from a foundational perspective, teach first? What are the building blocks? And then how do I translate that into administration? The one thing that I have found is trust law does not equal investment management. So if people are coming along… Frazer Rice (20:26.254)No question. I’m nodding audibly at that comment. I like that. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (20:31.226)Your fiduciary duties as a trustee are fundamentally different than those of an RIA, where some RIAs are not even fiduciaries by law. They’re not. So being able to delineate and explain where that line is, what makes you a fiduciary, what are those duties, after you know the legal basics. And taught to you at a level that you can understand. I don’t expect everybody to be a lawyer. And people have asked me time and time again, do I need to be a lawyer to know this? No, you don’t need to be a lawyer because you’re not advising on the law. You’re advising on the administration of a legal structure and how that administration affects the fiduciary duties that are inherent in the relationship. Then how those fiduciary duties are translated out to the beneficiary. That’s the way that I’ve always built these programs. Where do I start? Start with the law. Where do I go from there? Start with how the administration translates the law. And then how does that administration get heard by the beneficiary? Where does the RIA come into the mix? The RIA should not be dabbling in advising on trusts. They should know that they need to bring in somebody who has this particular skill. And if they’re not doing that, they’re doing the client a disservice by trying to give one-stop shop advice. Frazer Rice (22:06.85)Yep, no question about it. One of the things that…we delve into the world of trusts and their function, et cetera, is that you’re dealing with an ecosystem from client to outside advisor, whether RIA or even accountant, et cetera, that they’re looking for certainty and airtight. quality to these structures that you put them in place and then everything runs like a clock going forward. When in actuality, I think there is a bandwidth of risk around everything. And so it’s the poor trust officer or individual trustee who sometimes has to be the bearer of bad news to say, yeah, you know, I think this is going to work 98 % of the time, but there’s a 2 % problem here or we’ve got this to fix or something like that and everybody else sort of sighs with disappointment and gets mad at the administrative function when in actuality they’re really doing their job and trying to, you know, keep a lot of things that are spinning out of control kind of within view. How do you get a trust officer or that administrative function or even the full trustee function to be comfortable with that risk and everything that’s involved with that? Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (23:20.504)You have to start with explaining that there is risk and we’re not our job is not as a trustee to eliminate risk. Our job is to manage and identify risk. It is inherent in the job. There is going to be risk. No matter what you do, you cannot divorce risk from trusteeship. It’s a matter of identifying perceived risk and actual risk. And if you can teach that, if you can teach These are the things that are going to trigger a likely outcome. They’re gonna trigger a likely risk. Then you can essentially, you can’t foresee everything. I mean, there are things that are just gonna happen. But in a trust instrument, you’ve got contingency plan upon contingency plan upon contingency plan. That’s what the flexibility of those structures are building. We need to, as trustees, be able to recognize What is the risk with contingency plan A? The risk with B? What is the risk with C? How can we minimize the risk? And how can we make sure that we’re managing perception of risk versus actual risk? Frazer Rice (24:29.31)as someone who’s been in trust companies, advised trust companies, advised trustees, and advised clients, the lack of appreciation for the management of that risk and that that as the intersection of the business model of trusteeship and risk management and use of discretion and making hard decisions and even kind of an insurance quality around these structures, how do you fix that, where people place a level of respect on the job that I think is completely lacking in the wealth management ecosystem? Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (25:09.089)Absolutely. It’s a tough one to answer. How do you fix it? First and foremost, I think that it’s a top-down fix, especially at a corporate trust company, a bank, and even an independent trust company that’s not affiliated with a bank. The management has to… really understand the function of the trust company. For so long, it’s been just an extra service that we provide and and we’ll do this, the back office trust company. It’s really, really important that the management recognizes what the functionality of the trust company is and stops treating it as sort of a back office stepchild. From the corporate level, I think that’s the very first place we start. Frazer Rice (25:38.478)Mm-hmm. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (25:57.818)The second place we start is investing in our trust officers, investing in the team, giving them the education that they need, continuing to give them education, providing training programs, whether they be in-house, external, bring in trainers. None of this is set it and forget it. At the individual level, I think it’s really, really important to have functions like the Individual Trustee Alliance, groups like that, where you have an ability to talk to other professionals that are doing what you’re doing. That’s another way to impress upon people that we have to manage the risk and we can’t do it all alone. Nobody knows everything. You really have to, you have to talk to other people. You have to engage. have to, what is it called when we were practicing law and we’re a little bit outside of our comfort zone, we have to consult with other people who know more than we do. It’s our obligation as lawyers. It’s the same thing with a trust company, with a trustee, whether you’re an individual or you’re not. Widen that circle. Frazer Rice (27:08.474)I think this is my idea for the day that there’s got to be a bit of a public relations campaign sort of describing what’s going on here because I think especially when we go into the family members that sort of occupy these roles, they have no earthly idea what they’re doing. They’re usually doing it for free. Everything’s hunky dory up until a point and everyone hopes that everyone is not going to sue each other if something goes wrong. But the level of wealth that’s being transferred now is now so significant that everyone sort of talks about, AI is going to get rid of lawyers. Nope, not in fiduciary litigation. I think that’s a medium term growth industry, especially around insurance, around ILITs, around revocable trusts, around elder care. But this is my advertisement for people who are in law school looking for a productive way to go. I think that one is going to be, I think that one’s recession proof, at least for a while until I retire anyway. So my thought is that awareness over these things, and it’s probably going to take a very difficult case or a class action suit, something like that, where somebody really gets hurt in order for that awareness to come up. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (28:24.922)Yeah, I would agree. think that some of the solutions would include better trust education, you know, whether it be for RIAs, lawyers. Trust in the states is a throwaway class in law school. And there are so many law schools that are essentially rolling it back because bar exams aren’t testing it anymore in a variety of states. And ACTEC is definitely working with the law schools to try and increase trust in the states being taught and certainly being tested. So education for lawyers coming out of law school, education for RIAs that are advising on trusts, education for trust officers, for trust administrators, trust professionals in general, clear role delineation. What is the role of the RIA? The role of the trust officer? What is the role of the trustee if they’re an individual trustee? And then creating a culture of collaboration on what we’re doing as a team for the beneficiary, not substitution, but collaboration with the advisors and the trustees. Frazer Rice (29:32.59)Let’s go into the role delineation for a second. About 20 or 30 years ago, the concept of bifurcating or sort of cordoning off the different functions I described before the investment, the administration and the distribution has come into vogue. I think that came out of frustration with bank trust companies where you got one set of advice for every trust that they had as far as investments and distributions and administration and a lot of modern larger families wanted something a little bit more specific to their needs. And that’s really turned, it’s exploded as an industry for increasing sophistication and size of wealth. Along those different functions, where maybe the administration goes to a professional trust company or a trust officer in the state that you want, Then there’s some intersection maybe in the distribution committee. And then the investment side of it is a bit of a free for all, think, depending on what you’re, dealing with. How do you educate the, that continued the delineation, but the coordination within those types of structures. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (30:41.275)Yeah, I think it’s really important. And I’m a Delaware lawyer. I’m licensed in multiple states, but Delaware is my home. It’s where I learned how to be a lawyer. It’s where I grew up as a lawyer. So this directed trust model that you’re describing, where you’re bifurcating, truly bifurcating these particular functionalities of a trustee, it originated in Delaware. sort of, we didn’t, I mean, we invented it, right? We codified it. It was being done, but we codified it. The idea of making sure that everybody understands what their function is and knowing that there’s a limit of liability that’s built into the instrument and communicating what that means to the RIA that is named in the document. I can’t tell you how many times I have heard companies, heard trust companies say, we’re advisor friendly. And I’m like, not unless you’re directed, you’re not. Frazer Rice (31:37.528) “THE TRUSTEE CRISIS: Navigating the Challenges”Yeah. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (31:40.439)If you are directed, you are 100 % advisor friendly because there’s no chance that that trustee is going to try and take the investment management. They’re not a portfolio manager. Not a clerical administrator. They’re not a passive rule follower. We need to identify what does that trustee actually do when they are an administrative or directed trustee. Clarify that role so that people who are engaged in this bifurcation, this structure where we’ve got a distribution committee, maybe it’s individuals who are close to the family, close to the beneficiaries, where you don’t have somebody who’s objectively uninvolved with the family members making decisions as to whether or not there’s a distribution that should be made. But also advising those rolls those advisors that your administrative trustee is not just a pencil put a paper pusher. Not just checking boxes. They really do add value to the role that they provide and making sure that everybody understands what each other are doing, having regular meetings amongst the team instead of operating in a vacuum or operating in a silo. And taking the approach of it’s not my job, misunderstanding trustee powers and the advisor’s authority. So when that’s delineated, when that’s really understood, not just by the advisors, but also by the beneficiaries, there are so many beneficiaries out there, Frazer, that have absolutely no idea that they actually hold all the cards. They don’t know. Frazer Rice (33:25.87)Along that line, so in the administrative, we just walked through pretty nicely. The distribution function is one that, let’s talk a little bit for a second about what it means to ask a trustee for a distribution and maybe the difference between income and principal and why having a steady hand at the wheel within that function, whether it’s a corporate trust company of qualified individual or family input in that function, why real good thought needs to go into how that’s staffed. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (34:04.73)Yeah, absolutely. 100%. In a corporate trustee ship or a corporate trust company structure, there’s always going to be distribution committees, right? So if you are the trustee, you’re going to have to go through a committee that’s looking at what your reasoning is for making that distribution. They’re asking questions about what have been the prior distributions? Have they come from principal? Have they come from income? What is the spend rate on that trust? How is this going to affect long-term spend rate? Is this an aberration? Is this something that’s gonna become a habit? Really understanding what the distribution, the guidelines are in the trust. What is the distribution standard? Making that decision? What are our factors? And how many people are at the table? Who’s communicating that to the beneficiary? Does the beneficiary know that the trust officer alone does not have the ability to say yes or no? That when they’re in this ecosystem of a corporate trust company, they have their checks and balances to make sure that that risk is being managed. So when you’re looking at corporate trust companies, are a lot of layers behind understanding what the distribution standard is, whether it’s hems or if it’s purely discretionary. The other thing that you need to look at when it’s not a corporate trustee and it’s an individual trustee is, how is that individual trustee making that decision? Are they doing it in a vacuum? Alone? Are they favoring one beneficiary over another because they like them more, you need to have some communication to the beneficiaries so that they understand what they are, what their interest is, what they are entitled to, if anything, and why the trustee stands in that position as the gatekeeper. And I really think in my heart of hearts, we need to make a shift from a gatekeeper trustee Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (36:16.708)to a beneficiary enhancement trustee, where the beneficiary is really taking on the understanding that the trustee is there to facilitate enhancing the beneficiary’s life. That even though the trust may have started at the outset as a tax strategy or something that the grantor decided they needed to do with the advice of counsel. At the end of the day, you wouldn’t have been named as the beneficiary if there wasn’t some sense of love or obligation even, that it’s for your benefit. It’s in the name. Beneficiary. Trustees need to understand that and beneficiaries need to be taught. Frazer Rice (36:54.958)Right. Frazer Rice (37:00.646)And it goes to the circle back to the notion of making sure that you write down the whys of the decision because ultimately if the concepts of favoritism or you didn’t communicate this or anything, the idea of having the beneficiary submit a budget but having them understand why they are submitting a budget and then if there is some discretion that’s happening around that decision that the data points that are informing that discretion, that’s gonna keep everybody safe a lot later on. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (37:32.666)Absolutely. I break it down into a couple of different factors. It’s fiduciary decision making. How is that fiduciary making the decisions they’re making? Why are they making those decisions? And who is being affected by the decisions? Document interpretation. Do you understand the document that you’re administering? If you don’t understand the document you’re administering, hopefully best case scenario, you know what you don’t know and you ask. But if you don’t understand the document and you don’t even have the wherewithal to say, hey, I need help to understand the document, it’s really problematic. The third part, balancing beneficiary interests. Really taking on board this idea of the principal income problem that all the assets in the trust are not the same. That some of it doesn’t at all in any way affect a certain class of beneficiaries. And at the same time, it’s inextricably intertwined in the way that it affects another class of beneficiaries. And then risk management and governance. How is this being governed? How are we managing perceived and actual risk as a trustee? Frazer Rice (38:40.13)The investment function, which I alluded to before, I see storm clouds on that horizon, not really at the RIA level, because I think there’s sort of a default mode that investment policy statements are in place. Diversification is a true commodity at this point. And I never really worry about an RIA sort of understanding how to invest to get to a certain expected return and deal with the risks and drawdown and all that stuff. The storm cloud I see is when individuals sit in that role and they are being tasked with, let’s call it quote unquote, overseeing concentration, meaning that trust is holding a building, farmland, a nuclear reactor, crypto, all of these different things that sometimes can be, A, they have their own different maintenance responsibilities that are not just looking at a fidelity statement, but that they also have their own volatility And, you know, in the case of a building, you got to make sure it’s managed correctly. are they going to get sued or the windows kept up, all of that stuff, and that there’s a whole different component there. And I’m waiting for the shoe to drop on some fact pattern there where somebody is sitting in the role of an investment advisor. It doesn’t say trustee in the document, so they don’t really think that they have trustee liability. But. they sit in that role and all of a sudden somebody finds 10 55 gallon drums of green fluid in the basement of a building and all of a sudden the trust has a big set of red brackets that say minus $100 million that you owe to the federal government and the EPA. How do you think about that? Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (40:21.454)Hmm. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (40:25.242)That’s a heavy question. so the Delaware stock answer, obviously, direct it, right? It’s just to get the trust, cut off the liability. At the first, at the inception of your hypothetical is bad drafting, right? So if there’s no statement as to whether or not your investment advisor is acting as a fiduciary or not, Frazer Rice (40:35.042)Right. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (40:52.836)What does your statute say? Does your statute impose that they are as a default a fiduciary or not? So that’s the very first step. That’s bad drafting. We need to know. But if it’s silent, let’s say it’s just a lousy document, there’s, God knows. Anybody who’s seen trust documents knows that, you’ve seen them all, right? And everything in between. Some are good, some are bad. If this is a bad one. Frazer Rice (41:13.08)Seen good and you’ve seen bad. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (41:20.079)Then we need to document the statute. If we can correct it, modify the document, let’s modify it. But if all of that can’t happen, then I would say the best way to handle it, make sure you have adequate insurance. mean, over-insure that, over-insure it. Make sure that there’s regular checks on the actual… Assets that are in the trust, if you have a concentration and that concentration is real estate, get the advice of counsel, put that bad boy into an LLC, get yourself some distance from the actual asset itself being held in the trust, hold an interest, hold a financial interest, push it down to the corporate level. But if you can’t do all of that and you’ve got those 500 gallon drums of green fluid and now you’re… Frazer Rice (42:14.286)You Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (42:15.371)You you’ve got a super fun site. What do you do? You don’t shy away from it. Have to address it head on. You got to take the accountability. You got to communicate and document, communicate and document some more. Talk to your beneficiaries. Make sure that they’re aware of where it went wrong, why it went wrong. Because I have found in my exposure in the industry over time and in reading case law, it’s when you’re trying to cover stuff up. Frazer Rice (42:43.913)Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (42:44.027)You’re just making more problems. Bad news doesn’t age well. It doesn’t get better over time. You have to approach it head on and make sure that there’s communication and documentation. Meet with your beneficiaries. If there’s a trusteeship where you are appointed as a trustee individually and you’re not having at least quarterly meetings with your beneficiaries, If you’re not going out and seeing the asset, if you’re not going out and making sure that the asset is properly custodyed, you’re not, you’re violating your fiduciary duty. You are not doing what you’re supposed to do. Frazer Rice (43:21.804)You brought up an interesting word there, custody, which is the administrative function, whether held corporately or individually, one of the major things you have to do is to safeguard the assets. And that’s a big two syllable word that carries a lot of weight with it. That custodial function, how do you teach the trust officers or the individual trustees where that starts and stops? Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (43:48.579)Yeah, mean, custody is super, it’s a really touchy, touchy subject, especially with the dynamic way that trusts have developed in the current climate from tangibles. You know, I’ve got artwork and my beneficiary wants to hang the artwork in their house. Well, do you have custody? Has it been assigned to the trustee and how do you maintain that asset? Make sure nothing’s happening to it. Do make an appointment, go over to the, visit your artwork? What if it’s prize horses, you know? What if it’s, you know, a stud that, you know, we’re gonna need to breed and it’s gonna be the next Triple Crown winner? How do you make sure that the barn is properly safeguarded? It’s a really touchy subject, especially with things like tangibles and things like assets held away when you technically custody the asset, but you don’t have control over the asset. I think in the education part for custodying, what I do in my programs and when I teach this is I make sure that we talk about different types of asset classes. And what the risks, again, what are the risks that you run with these asset classes? How can we manage the actual and the perceived risk of holding that asset? Even if you have custody and name only, but you don’t have physical custody, how do you maintain your control over that asset? Because it’s really the C’s, right? The custody and control. Just because you don’t have custody doesn’t mean you don’t have control. So we have to make sure that there’s an education that’s provided about the different asset classes, whether it’s tangibles, intangibles, assets held away, if it’s a concentration of stock, if it’s crypto, and most trust companies are not taking crypto. I think that there’s like a circuitous way that they’re getting in right now, but it all boils down to education, isolating what the issue is and educating people on it. Frazer Rice (45:59.586)I’ll give you a third C, it’s consequences, which is what happens when you don’t understand these functions. on the crypto side of things, Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (46:01.786)Uhhh Frazer Rice (46:11.544)Holds the key to get to the crypto. What happens if that trust officer quits and walks away with the key and they’re like, well, multi-sigil figure this out. I’m like, okay, that’s not that. That doesn’t make me feel great at the moment. And now there have been some advances, which is good, but traps for the unwary to be sure. the good news too for crypto is for people who want exposure, the spot ETFs take away 90 % of the problems with that. But as we start to think about winding down here, because I have a feeling we could probably talk for four or five hours on this subject, when putting your programs together, what does a curriculum look like? And we don’t have to go through it bit by bit, but how does that work when someone comes to your program? How much time does it take? What’s the commitment? Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (46:47.172)Yeah, I think so. Frazer Rice (46:54.851)Mm-hmm. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (47:06.33)So the program that I created that’s really available anywhere across the country is called the Peak Trust Management Certificate Program. Peak Trust Company, may be familiar with it. They have name rights because they gave the donation to the University of Delaware for me to build the program. So it’s housed at the Lerner College at the University of Delaware, but bears the name of Peak Trust Company. I look at five different things. The first thing is trust law and administration. So like I said previously when we were talking, you lay that foundation of what is the legal component of this? What is the baseline that people have to know? And then what is the administration? The second component is, and it’s inextricably intertwined as taxation. What is the income tax? What are the deductions? And now let’s take all of that income tax knowledge, individual income tax knowledge, and build on it with fiduciary income tax. What is DNI? What is FAI? How does it go out to the beneficiary? What’s the character of the distribution? How do we manage that? What are we deducting in the trust? So teaching taxation and not because trustees necessarily are tax preparers, but because the trustees obligation is to be able to understand and read that tax return, they need to know how to spot problems. So from my perspective, teaching fiduciary income tax is a critical component. It also helps. Yeah. Frazer Rice (48:38.828)No, no, I was gonna say no question about that. And there are elections to make, just because it doesn’t just go on autopilot, there are choices to be made so that if you’re the trustee, you may not have to prepare the tax return, but you may have to make a choice on the tax return and you’ve got to be informed because that can be an issue. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (48:58.651)65 day elections, perfect example, right? You just, you need to understand what your role is and how it overlaps with that of the CPA. The third part, of course, investments. Investments are inextricably intertwined, whether you’re doing it yourself as the trustee or you’re directed or even delegated, which is like the hairy scaries of every trusteeship known to man, because you’re not actually in control, but you’re responsible. So it’s the gray. When I build a program, because of the, you know, the directed trusteeship being so popular in today’s day and age, we have to talk about not just investments of, you know, marketable securities, not just the custody of tangibles, but also subscription documents, because so many alternatives are held in trust right now. unique assets, need to know how the trustee is actually carrying out their fiduciary duty when it comes to engaging in an investment that is an alternative investment. The fourth component is of course compliance. We cannot ever get away from compliance and I think we could do a whole nother podcast on compliance in trusteeship but. You know, it’s a regulated entity. And even if you’re an individual trustee and you’re not using what those compliance frameworks are, what the guidelines are by OCC, Reg 9, FDIC, if you’re not looking at that and using that as a guideline, don’t do the job. understanding KYC, BSA, AML, all of those compliance components that have tentacles. That’s the fourth part. And then for the fifth part of this program, because it’s specifically geared toward trustee education in trust companies, although it can be applicable, very applicable to individuals, is operations. I was very fortunate that I was able to partner with SCI on building the operations component. So we license their platform called Plato. It’s essentially their training platform. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (51:12.888)so that trustees can see how fees are set up, fees, that’s a whole other podcast, fees, statements, distributions, how are we doing this? How are we documenting everything? What are the logistics of the day-to-day operations? So that’s how I built the program and it’s available anywhere in the country. It’s 10 weeks, how long does it take? I would say from three to five hours a week of an investment that you’re making at a bare minimum. Obviously there’s a whole lot more of depth that you can go into. The resources are built in. But I would say 10 weeks, about 50 hours of time where you’re actually engaging with the material. And then I bring in guest lecturers on each different area of expertise for lack of a better description. And they get a certificate at the end, they get a digital badge, and now they really have something where they can add value day one in a trust company or as a trustee. Frazer Rice (52:17.902)With Delaware being, you one of the real gold standards as far as trust jurisdiction, I assume that everything that comes out of this program is pretty transportable to the other useful jurisdictions, let’s call it, within the country. know, the Tennessee’s, the South Dakota’s, the Nevada’s, the Alaska’s, Wyoming’s, New Hampshire’s, et cetera. Obviously, there are hairs to split with different foibles in their law, but everything that you’re describing sounds like works everywhere else. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (52:47.928)And I’ve always taken the approach, you’re 100 % correct, I’ve always taken the approach of UTC. I base everything off of UTC and if there’s something different or unique based upon the jurisdiction that you’re in, I always encourage people you have to look at your statute, you have to look at the jurisdiction that you’re actually practicing this in and administering in. I use Delaware, South Dakota, Alaska as examples quite often when we’re talking about the directed stuff, but By and large, it’s UTC. Frazer Rice (53:20.966)It just a weird subset. So special needs trusts and islets, which are two types of trusts, very specific. One holds life insurance. The other is designed to really take care of people who can’t take care of themselves. And they are types of trusts that a lot of trust companies don’t like to take on because the liability is harder or the profit margin is less. For those individuals who get the opportunity to participate in those and I put that in air quotes. How would you advise people to get ready for those types of situations? Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (53:58.308)People who are in need of those types of trusts. Frazer Rice (54:02.122)Well, maybe both. The people who need those trusts, you know, they’re going to, they, you know, it’s almost like they get set up and then the staffing gets kind of figured out later, barely. And then, you know, the, for the people who end up taking on that role, they really have no idea of what they’re in for in a sense. Is there sort of like a mini, I’m not going to say a full course like you’re describing, but a crash course in, in what’s going on here and what can I do to keep myself safe? Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (54:30.271)Unfortunately, no, I don’t know of one. and there isn’t much built in. there’s, we talk about a little bit in the program that I built, but, those are specialized and eyelets we talk about a little bit more there, you eyelets had their day and sort of they has done ish. but special needs trust. It’s a whole other ball game because It really incorporates state law and social security and Medicaid, all of those government benefits that I think you would need something more specialized than my program that I developed. And I don’t have a great answer for that, I’m sorry. Frazer Rice (55:12.482)No, there’s not a great answer for it because it’s tough. it’s a, all of which is to say for someone who’s involved with those things and feels confused by what’s going on, that’s one where it’s worth it to spend the money to lean on a dedicated Medicaid elder care, special needs type of lawyer on that front because there are traps for the unwary. Okay, now we’re starting to butt up against an hour here of. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (55:29.764)Yes . . . Frazer Rice (55:38.827)Four hours. No, I’m kidding listeners. We’re not going to talk for four hours, but How do people find your program and and then I’ll ask a bonus question at the end Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (55:49.339)So the program is on the University of Delaware’s website. You just type in peak trust management certificate and it’ll pop up. My name will be there. I think my picture might be there. It’s all over my LinkedIn. So if you look me up, you’re going to see the peak trust management certificate program. You can always email me, jennifer at zeldenlaw.com. Happy to push people into it. start, I’m in the new cohort right now. We’re two weeks into a 10 week program. But we have a new cohort starting in May. I think it’s May 4th. So may the fourth be with you. Frazer Rice (56:24.622)Terrific. So the final question here is really more of a crystal ball question. In this trust industry, trustee industry, what are the real, I’m going to say opportunities out there, and we’ve sort of painted a picture of doom and gloom and its low profit margin and things like that. Where can someone who is thinking from a business perspective about this find something? Once they’re properly educated about it and being able to participate in it. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (56:57.582)There are so many opportunities. There is an absolute need for good trustees everywhere. Trust companies from coast to coast, individual trustee alliance. People really, really need trustees. There’s tremendous opportunity with Heritage Institute, not the Heritage Foundation, but the Heritage Institute. There’s opportunities with…various family offices and various trust companies for education, for beneficiary education. So many opportunities out there. Trust companies are just clamoring for people. So if people are interested in becoming a trustee, getting that education, you will not have a hard time finding a job. Like you said, it’s basically recession proof. This wealth is going to transfer. We need sophisticated, knowledgeable trustees. on the receiving end of that transfer so that it happens correctly. Frazer Rice (57:56.578)I’d go so far as to say financial advisors. I just gotta say, a CFP is useful, CFA is on your investment side, but something like this, you know so much more about how intergenerational wealth works than what’s happening in those particular situations that I think it helps people stand out when I see something like that on a resume. Jennifer Zelvin McCloskey (58:00.302) “THE TRUSTEE CRISIS: Navigating the Challenges”That’s all the podcast. I hear you. I hear you. Frazer Rice (58:24.386) “THE TRUSTEE CRISIS: Navigating the Challenges”All right, with that, Jennifer, it’s great to catch up and I will have all of your information on the show notes and I will either see you at the ITA conference in Dallas or what I’m down in Delaware next. More Around “THE TRUSTEE CRISIS: Navigating the Challenges” BUILDING A TRUST COMPANY TENNESSEE AS A JURISDICTION DIRECTED TRUSTEES DELAWARE WELL BEING TRUST THE TRUSTEE CRISIS: Navigating the Challenges https://www.amazon.com/Wealth-Actually-Intelligent-Decision-Making-1-ebook/dp/B07FPQJJQT/ Keywords for THE TRUSTEE CRISIS: Navigating the Challenges trusteeship, wealth transfer, trust management, fiduciary duties, trust education, estate planning, risk management, trust administration, individual trustees, trust companies, the trustee crisis, navigating the challenges, the great wealth transfer,

William's Permaculture Design Course -  https://patreon.com/ThePermacultureConsultant?utm_medium=unknown&utm_source=join_link&utm_campaign=creatorshare_fan&utm_content=copyLinkWilliam's Channel - www.youtube.com/@ThePermacultureConsultantWilliam's Linktree - https://linktr.ee/ThePermacultureConsultant?utm_source=linktree_profile_share<sid=13182d07-8cfe-4e2f-9b52-aa564df0fcf6Eric Seider's Youtube Channel - http://www.youtube.com/@EricSeiderEric Seider's Tshirts - https://www.ericseider.com/pimpgearSovereign Health Summit with Barbara O'Neill, October 27-31, 2026 - https://www.sovereignhealthsummit.com/?ref=permaPromo Code - perma - 5% OffAzure Standard - https://www.azurestandard.com/?a_aid=dd1f60ff5dPromo Code - FOODFORHEALTH1515% Off for New Customers Minimum Order $100Bon Charge Blue Light Blocking Glasses - https://boncharge.com/?rfsn=8947983.d7b6efPromo Code: Perma - 15% OffSoil Savior Products - https://www.soilsaviors.org/order?aff=654693f413fad4692e058e9eb0779d3667638550392d22d979d6d2d4daf720b3Cell Saviors - https://www.cellsaviors.org/fulvicPromo Code: detox - Get 10% OffMicronic Silver - https://www.micronicsilver.com/?ref=PERMAPASTURESFARMPromo Code - perma 10% offEMF Rocks - https://emfrocks.com/PERMAPASTURESFARMPromo Code - perma - 5% OffAir Water Healing Triad Air Filter - https://airwaterhealing.com/Promo Code: perma - Get 10% OffLiving Soil Foundation GiveSendGo - https://givesendgo.com/GE2E8?utm_source=sharelink&utm_medium=copy_link&utm_campaign=GE2E8If you would prefer to send a check:Living Soil FoundationPO Box 2098Mars Hill, NC 28754https://linktr.ee/permapasturesfarmWAVwatch - $100 Off - https://buy.wavwatch.com/?ref=billy100Promo Code: BILLY100Redmond Products - 15% Off - https://glnk.io/oq72y/permapasturesfarmPromo Code: permaGet $50 Off EMP Shield: https://www.empshield.com Promo Code: permaAbove Phone - https://abovephone.com/?above=160Promo Code - PERMA $50 OffHarvest Right Freeze Dryer: https://affiliates.harvestright.com/1247.htmlPromo Code - PERMAPASTURES100 - Extra $100 off the Sale PriceOnline Pig Processing: https://sowtheland.com/online-workshops-1Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/user

The hypothalamus, as its name suggests, lies in the brain inferior and anterior to the thalamus. It is a central structure in modulating many autonomic functions and homeostasis. What does that mean, and what does it do?

Julio Cesar is back for part 2, sharing how his journey of getting into dental hygiene school is going so far. He is being deliberate in his application process by pacing hsi science courses, choosing grades over speed, dropping a class when needed, and building strong relationships with professors. This episode normalizes taking the long route while staying accountable and intentional, especially for first-generation and nontraditional dental hygiene students.Struggling on your dental hygiene school journey? Download our free guide to help you overcome your dental hygiene hurdles HERE!

Capability Unboxed Mini Series (powered by CIAB+) #4Strategy isn't usually the problem. Execution is. And more often than not, the real issue isn't poor intent — it's fragmented capability.In this third episode of our Capability Unboxed mini-series, Fatimah Abbouchi explores why well-written strategies still falter once they hit operational reality. From digital transformation to customer-first initiatives, organisations often slice work into functions — leaving projects to stitch together what should already exist as stable, cross-cutting capabilities.She reframes the conversation through a capability lens:Core and enabling capabilities must cut across departments Fragmented people, process, and tools quietly drain value Projects shouldn't just deliver outputs — they should strengthen the operating systemFrom green dashboards masking red adoption to rushed year-end spending and repeated rework, this episode dives into the structural reasons benefits leak long after strategy decks are approved.You'll learn:Why capability fragmentation creates integration tax and hidden rework How to baseline maturity and map cross-functional value streams What funding and governance look like when tied to capability health — not just project milestonesWhether you're leading transformation, running a PMO, or trying to make strategy stick, this episode challenges you to stop treating delivery as temporary effort — and start treating capability as infrastructure.

Today, we're joined by Pete Hunt, CEO at Dagster Labs, building out Dagster, the data orchestration platform built for productivity. We talk about:Challenges of determining software pricing with AI workers using appsHow barriers to AI adoption are similar to what we've known in SaaS for a million yearsAI-driven shifts in the workplace [Many disciplines will look a lot more like engineering]How outside sales is among the most durable job functions in the AI eraAdvice for new college grads

Preparing the Bride - The five fold ministry gifts are given to prepare the Bride of Christ. Sunday service from March 1st.

Dr. Debi Silber sits down with brain fitness expert Dr. Patrick Porter to explore how betrayal hijacks the nervous system and what we can do to rewire our brains for healing and optimal performance.  Key Topics Discussed  The Brain-Betrayal Connection  How betrayal dysregulates the nervous system and puts us into sympathetic dominance (fight or flight)  Why traditional healing tools often fail when the nervous system is hijacked  The critical role of brain-heart harmony in healing  Dr. Porter's Journey  Overcoming early struggles in school through visualization and relaxation techniques  Introduction to the Silva Method and its impact on his family  30+ years of research in light, sound, and vibration therapy  Recent breakthrough study showing brain training outperformed opioids for pain management  Understanding Brain Waves  Five Primary Brain Wave States:  Beta (35-40%): Reactionary mind for daily tasks, but high beta creates stress and mistakes  Alpha: Controls creativity and cognitive ability; atrophies with age  Theta: The master meditator state; key for neuroplasticity and gut-brain communication  Delta: Deep restorative sleep essential for clearing toxins and cognitive health  Gamma (40+ Hz): Releases GABA and accesses the body's natural pharmacy  The Sleep-Brain Connection  You do more neurological work sleeping than when awake  Need minimum one hour of level 4 sleep to prevent cognitive decline  Brain shrinks three-quarters of an inch nightly to wash away toxins through cerebrospinal fluid  Discovered in 2015: The lymphatic system operates in the brain during deep sleep  Practical Strategies for Brain Fitness  Morning Routine:  Drink two glasses of water with Celtic salt upon waking  Wait two hours before drinking coffee to preserve cortisol curve  Practice psychological sighing breath (in bathroom for privacy)  Get sunlight exposure and connect with nature  Midday Reset:  Take a 20-minute brain break around 2pm when body temperature drops  Google/Microsoft study showed 26% productivity increase with proper breaks  Use box breathing: breathe in 4 counts, hold 4, out 4, hold 4  Evening Wind-Down:  4-7-8 breathing technique: breathe in for 4, hold for 7, breathe out for 8  Get to bed by 10pm to maximize melatonin production (10-11pm window)  Liver only cleanses between 11pm-12am  Use deep delta training to reach first sleep cycle faster  The Pineal Gland  Functions like an eyeball with ocular nerves  Enlarged pineal glands associated with intuitive gifts  Can become calcified by water, air, and food toxins  Keep healthy through proper breathing and spinal fluid circulation  Generational Memory  MIT research shows we're influenced by 54 generations of ancestors  Genetic memory passed at conception affects our responses  We can recognize and change inherited patterns through daily rituals  The BrainTap Solution  72 published studies supporting the technology  Outperforms neurofeedback in 15 sessions vs. 40  Uses light, sound, and vibration for brainwave entrainment  Three daily protocols: Morning SMR training (10 min), afternoon theta reboot (20 min), evening delta training  Key Takeaways  97% of thoughts today are the same as six months ago  Thoughts arise in our brain but don't originate there  You can't solve a problem at the level it was created (Einstein)  "You can't have a pill without a skill" - sustainable healing requires inner work  Breathing is the key: you can't stay angry, anxious, or depressed while breathing properly  Resources Mentioned  BrainTap: 14-day free trial at braintap.com  Dr. Porter's website: DrPatrickPorter.com  Book: The Brain Fitness Blueprint (Hay House)  The Silva Method: Ultra relaxation technique  Connect with Dr. Patrick Porter  Visit DrPatrickPorter.com or BrainTap.com for more information and to start your brain fitness journey.  Note: Always consult with a healthcare practitioner before starting any new supplement or health regimen. 

ՀՌՀ գործառույթները, մեղադրանքները, ռուսական ալիքները — Տիգրան Հակոբյան — ԼուրջCastԱյս թողարկման հյուրը Հեռուստատեսության և ռադիոյի հանձնաժողովի նախագահ Տիգրան Հակոբյանն է։Քննարկեցինք Հեռուստատեսության և ռադիոյի հանձնաժողովի հասցեին հնչող մեղադրանքները, դրա լիազորություններն ու ազդեցությունը մեր առօրյա տեղեկատվական միջավայրի վրա։Խոսեցինք նաև համացանցում հայհոյանքների և դեգրադացնող բովանդակության տարածման մասին, որտե՞ղ են կարգավորման սահմանները և որտե՞ղ է սկսվում խոսքի ազատությունը։ArmComedy թիմը ներկայացնում է ԼուրջCast

Italian‑born, Canadian‑based writer known for experimental, “free‑flow” prose and poetry. Tony Nesca,https://screamingskullpress.net/https://youtu.be/O2ETEeOijmwTONY NESCA- Blends streetwise grit with musical rhythm and raw emotion. - Rejects mainstream literary polish in favor of instinct and spontaneity—what he calls *“word music.”*Background and Life- Born in Torino, Italy (1965); moved to Canada around age three. - Grew up in Winnipeg, with frequent returns to Italy—developed a bicultural identity that shaped his artistic voice. - Former musician in an original rock band before shifting to writing for a more personal outlet. - Musicianship still informs his writing's rhythm, flow, and improvisational energy.Founding of Screamin' Skull Press- Created in 1994 out of frustration with mainstream publishing rejections. - Run with his wife, writer **Nicole I. Nesca**, as a completely DIY literary team. - Functions like an “indie band” for literature—writing, editing, designing, and distributing everything themselves. - Early days included selling chapbooks from a backpack at local venues. - Has published over a dozen books: novels, short stories, prose‑poetry hybrids.Writing Style and Themes- “Free‑flow” composition—minimally planned, lightly edited, emotionally charged. - Long, musical sentences; spontaneous energy reminiscent of jazz improvisation. - Mixes street‑level realism with dreamlike or surreal elements. - Known for gut emotion, rhythm, and the *sound* of language itself. - Moves between Italian and Canadian settings, working‑class characters, and inner life. - “Junkyard Lucy” exemplifies shifts between gritty realism and lyrical experiment.Influences- Draws inspiration from the **Lost Generation, Beat poets, and rebel songwriters** of the '60s–'70s. - Aligns himself with anti‑formula, emotionally authentic, and risk‑taking artists. - Sees artistic rebellion as central to genuine expression.### Philosophy and Advice to Writers- Rejects trends and market‑chasing; believes art should come from instinct and lived experience. - Encourages writers to “look out your window” instead of chasing genres or approval. - Views editing as potentially destructive to the life within raw, emotional writing. - Writes for truth and rhythm, not for saleability.

This episode explores the fascinating world of loose parts in outdoor play, focusing on natural resources like trees, seeds, and bark. Discover criteria for selecting the best loose parts, the importance of seasonality, and creative ideas for outdoor activities.loose parts, outdoor play, natural resources, forest school, foraging, play ideas, nature-based learning key topicsCriteria for selecting loose partsSeasonality and availability of resourcesCreative uses of natural materials in play Guide to Loose Parts in Outdoor PlayHow to Choose the Best Natural Loose Parts for PlayChapters00:00 Echidna's Unique Anatomy03:36 Exploring Loose Parts Play06:35 Criteria for Loose Parts09:32 The Role of Volume and Rarity12:41 Malleability and Versatility in Loose Parts15:35 Sensory Experiences with Loose Parts18:36 Accessibility and Processing of Loose Parts21:33 The Value of Foraging for Loose Parts25:00 The Value of Foraging in Outdoor Play27:38 Functions of Loose Parts in Play30:17 Exploring the Best Loose Parts for Play33:13 The Debate on Non-Native Loose Parts37:14 The Role of Bark and Heavy Loose Parts40:37 Choosing the Right Materials for Den Building42:34 Dreaming Up the Perfect Mud Kitchen48:27 The Ecological Impact of Using Loose Parts51:41 Pod Sheep.mp4 resourcesNo Such Thing As A Fish Podcast - https://www.nosuchthingasafish.com/Scientists unravel the mystery of echidna's bizarre four-headed penis - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-00145-4Forest School Resources - https://www.forestschool.co.uk/Gum Trees and Bark Resources - https://www.britannica.com/plant/gum-treeConker Game and History - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conkers

Julio Cesar, future RDH and current expanded-function dental assistant, is sharing his path to dental hygiene school after thirteen years of experience in dentistry as an assistant! He's always had a passion for dentistry and shares how excited he is to be able to merge his skills as an expanded-function assistant and dental hygienist to provide comprehensive care to his patients in the future. Dana and Julio also talked about possible changes to the profession of dental hygienists as dental assistants continue to expand their scopes of practice. Stay tuned for part 2 of their conversation! Struggling on your dental hygiene school journey? Download our free guide to help you overcome your dental hygiene hurdles HERE!

The Divas interview 3 RDAEFs who are specially trained to perform advanced restorative and clinical procedures. These Power House Women are Dental Professionals who are Calif  highest level Dental Assistant. Guests: Samantha Belloso, Magdalene (Maggie) Rodriguez and Leana Miller Resources: Dental Board of CA, Table of Dental Auxiliary Duties Delegable by Supervising Dentist, effective Jan. 1, 2025  https://www.dbc.ca.gov/formspubs/pub_permitted_duties.pdf https://www.thecompliancedivas.com

Capability Unboxed Mini Series (powered by CIAB+) #3Ever heard someone say, “We don't have the capability,” when what they really meant was, “We don't have the person”?In this episode of Capability Unboxed, Fatimah Abbouchi tackles one of the most persistent structural mistakes in organisations: equating capability with headcount. It sounds harmless — but it quietly fractures delivery, inflates estimates, and creates governance bloat.She resets the foundations by clearly separating capability from function, role, and capacity. Capability is the enduring what of the business. Functions are groupings. Roles carry accountability. Capacity is available effort. When those concepts blur, execution suffers.From restructures and portfolio planning to regulatory programs and new product development, this episode explores what really happens when capability is reduced to a person or team label. Delivery fragments at handoffs. Estimates inflate inside silos. Steering committees default to “who owns it?” instead of “what system enables it?” Governance grows heavier, not clearer.Fatimah shares a practical cross-functional model for anchoring capability properly — mapping it across outcomes, processes, tools, and data; assigning ownership for decisions; and planning capacity against capabilities rather than departments. The result is a more resilient system that holds steady even when leadership, teams, or priorities shift.If you're leading transformation, managing a portfolio, or trying to reduce rework and single points of failure, this episode gives you the language and structural clarity to re-anchor execution.

The Department of the Navy is using AI across a range of mission areas. In the intelligence domain, the service is moving AI beyond experimental phases and integrating trustworthy AI into all warfighting functions, Christopher Page, deputy director of OPNAV's Intelligence Division, said on AI GovCast. Page said data quality depends on agreed-upon terms for modeling adversary and friendly forces. For AI implementation to be effective, he said, the Navy must adhere to a common taxonomy and lexicon, noting that "a cruiser needs to be a cruiser, a rowboat needs to be a rowboat." He added that the ultimate goal of the Navy's digital transformation is a hybrid fleet. The future force will feature expanded AI use across the department, autonomous systems that require less bandwidth, and integrated operations between manned and unmanned platforms.

Explore Your Personality: https://PersonalityHacker.com    In this episode, Joel and Antonia answer listener questions, using them to clarify common misunderstandings about cognitive functions, especially why Sensation (Extraverted Sensing) can look action-oriented and how it differs from (Effectiveness) Extraverted Thinking. They also dig into bigger themes like what wisdom really is, how certainty and uncertainty show up across shadow functions, and what happens when your upbringing suppresses a core preference like Exploration (Extraverted Intuition). Along the way, they respond to a few memorable comments, reflect on how their content and delivery have evolved over the years, and share why they are leaning more into writing and experiential learning.

Coffee chat catch-up vibes! When to bring your bf to family functions, my recent vegetable obsessions, and HEATED RIVALRY!!! LINKS:⁠⁠⁠➡️ @withjessicajane :)⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠➡️ Subscribe to my newsletter HERE!⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠➡️ Othership Classes⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Code: "JESSICAJANEMCDONALD")⁠⁠⁠⁠Produced by Jessica Jane⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Audio Post-Production by Ben Rowland

Oxytocin has become known for having anti-anxiety and affiliative behavioral effects. That's why clinicians and researchers are excited about using oxytocin as a potential therapeutic. Brian Trainor is a professor at UC Davis, and his lab has been studying this complexity for the past decade. For an animal model, they work with a territorial, aggressive, monogamous rodent species called California mice. If the male is removed and the female is forced to defend their nest, she will experience what's known as social defeat, and she will exhibit what's called inhibited affiliative behavior, the type that can be affected by oxytocin — and this effect can be studied in a mouse's brain.Read the full study here: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41386-026-02352-y Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

  Gregory Copley notes that despite scandals surrounding Prince Andrew, the Royal Family remains essential glue holding the UK and Commonwealth together, with the King and working royals performing vital diplomatic functions while spares struggle without defined roles.1900 BRUSSELS

Judgments media made reporting the recent court hearing featuring mass-murderer Brenton Tarrant. Also: how two private functions at one private club ended up being very public - and AI accusations on ice at the Winter Olympics. Go to this episode on rnz.co.nz for more details

In this episode of the Care Ministry Podcast, host Laura Howe is joined by Rebecca Bailey for a rich conversation on how spiritual formation functions as preventative care within church care ministries. Together, they explore why care and formation cannot be separated, how spiritual formation shows up across Hope Made Strong's five-part Model of Care (self, community, peer, pastoral, and professional), and why care is less about fixing problems and more about being present and becoming formed alongside one another. This episode invites leaders to move beyond reactive care toward cultivating cultures that sustain people before crisis hits. Quotes “If in our care ministries we're focused on the doing and the fixing, then we will miss the being and the becoming.” –Rebecca Bailey “Spiritual formation is happening on the inside and the outside—it's circular. What happens between us forms us.” –Rebecca Bailey “Care has historically been reactive in the church. Spiritual formation helps us think about care as preventative.” –Laura Howe “Spiritual formation isn't about adding more programs. It's about becoming more intentional with what's already happening.” –Rebecca Bailey “Good spiritual formation in care ministries keeps teams from absorbing what they were never meant to carry.” –Rebecca Bailey Resources Hope Made Strong Book Club HMS Amazong store

Ever asked yourself "what if what I like doesn't actually look good on me?"   If you're an ENFP, INFP, ENTP, or INTP, this question probably feels familiar. Your cognitive functions are creating doubt, but here's what you need to know: your genuine aesthetic preferences and what actually works for you align more than you think.   Understanding your cognitive functions helps you see why you doubt yourself and why that doubt might be misplaced.   Check out the FREE video masterclass: The Myers-Briggs Key to Signature Style. To schedule The Aesthetic Mirror & Palette Party email hello@signaturestylesystems.com   Let's connect! Want to learn more about how to discover your Style DNA? Start with The Congruence Code! To suggest a podcast topic, send email to hello@signaturestylesystems.com.

Welcome to another episode of BREAKING Protocol, our ongoing mini-series where we break down key updates and design questions straight from the development of SHADE Protocol. Today's topic isn't a weapon, an enemy, or even a location. It's something much bigger. It's the backbone of how the world works, how Replicas think, and how you, as the player, will shape Zura into your own version of a hero. Today, we're talking about Protocols!https://linktr.ee/LittleLegendaryGames?utm_source=linktree_profile_share⁠⁠⁠⁠ Host: Jared Gonzalez. Executive Producer: Kendall Quinoñes. Cohost: Chaz Hawkins, Mauro Piquera. Master Chief Engineer: Jared Gonzalez. Editor: Jared Gonzalez. Graphics Editor: Jared Gonzalez. Digital Media Editor: Jared Gonzalez. Producer: Jared Gonzalez. ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://linktr.ee/razzledazzleshowpodcast⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠#razzledazzle #razzledazzleshow #indiegames #indiegamedev #indiedev #shadeprotocol #metroidvania

AWS Lambda is fantastic for small, stateless code on demand. But when your “function” starts looking like a workflow (retries, backoff, long waits, human approvals, callbacks), classic Lambda patterns can feel like a fight: 15-minute max runtime, no built-in state, and orchestration glue everywhere (Step Functions, queues, schedules, and state you did not want to own). In this episode of AWS Bites, Eoin and Luciano explore AWS Lambda Durable Functions, announced at re:Invent 2025. It's still Lambda (same runtimes and scaling), but with durable execution superpowers: named steps, automatic checkpointing, and the ability to suspend and resume from a safe point without redoing completed work. We unpack the replay/resume model under the hood, when this approach shines, and the gotchas (determinism, idempotency, replay-aware logging, debugging resumed runs). To make it real, we share how we rebuilt PodWhisperer v2 using Durable Functions to orchestrate a GPU-powered WhisperX pipeline, LLM refinement, speaker naming, and caption generation.In this episode, we mentioned the following resources: AWS announcement blog post: https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/aws/build-multi-step-applications-and-ai-workflows-with-aws-lambda-durable-functions/ Durable Functions best practices: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/latest/dg/durable-best-practices.html The replay model deep dive (Dev.to): https://dev.to/aws/the-replay-model-how-aws-lambda-durable-functions-actually-work-2a79 Build workflows that last (Dev.to): https://dev.to/aws/aws-lambda-durable-functions-build-workflows-that-last-3ac7 Testing Durable Functions in TypeScript (Dev.to): https://dev.to/aws/testing-aws-lambda-durable-functions-in-typescript-5bj2 Developing Durable Functions with AWS SAM (Dev.to): https://dev.to/aws/developing-aws-lambda-durable-functions-with-aws-sam-ga9 Hands-on notes: https://www.andmore.dev/blog/lambda_durable_functions/ PodWhisperer (open source): https://github.com/fourTheorem/podwhisperer/ WhisperX: https://github.com/m-bain/whisperX Do you have any AWS questions you would like us to address?Leave a comment here or connect with us on X/Twitter, BlueSky or LinkedIn:- https://twitter.com/eoins | https://bsky.app/profile/eoin.sh | https://www.linkedin.com/in/eoins/- https://twitter.com/loige | https://bsky.app/profile/loige.co | https://www.linkedin.com/in/lucianomammino/

You're invited to Empowered Seat, my membership designed to help you grow, lead, and rise alongside other powerhouse assistants. Join Here → https://www.wholeassistant.com/empoweredseat ---------------------------------------------- Have you ever found yourself suddenly responsible for HR tasks and wondering if you're crossing a line, but not sure where that line is? This episode is all about shining a light on the blurred boundaries that come with executive assistants taking on HR functions, especially in startup environments where official HR support might be thin (or even nonexistent!). In this episode, you will discover: Why documentation and handling sensitive information demands strict awareness of compliance and personal liability. Real-life stories from my own assistant journey that highlight the importance of protecting yourself. Plus a resource that will be helpful for you in navigating HR functions within the context of your role. ----------------------------------------------Have burning questions you've been dying to ask? Submit your question to Ask Annie Anything by clicking here. ----------------------------------------------Enjoy what you're hearing on the podcast? Please rate and review wherever you're listening. Stay Connected: Snag your free strategic planning session guide. Visit the website. Follow me on LinkedIn. Send me an email: annie@wholeassistant.com

The Price of Money by Rob Dix is a fascinating, bracing ride through the unexpectedly wild world of money. We all depend on money every day. But almost none of us understand it. Have you ever wondered why your shopping bill keeps getting more expensive? Or how the government can produce billions out of thin air while your savings are shrinking? Or where you should put your money in an age of economic turmoil? Learn how to make better financial decisions by understanding how the world of money really works. How to Prosper in a Financial World That's Rigged Against You00:00 Intro00:52 WELCOME, my name is...02:36 "Understanding Money"04:47 3 Functions of Money06:46 Can anything be used as "money"09:01 Most important factor when choosing "money"11:14 The BUYING power of money - Inflation13:22 GOLDEN RULE14:53 Currency and Bank Notes Act of 1914 15:55 United States, the dollar and the GOLD 17:46 August 15th 1971, Nixon and a "temporary suspension" 18:55 What happens during tough times and war to the "golden standard"?20:11 HOW DO Central Banks collaborate with Commercial Banks to solve the money creation problem?22:35 REASONS for "rich" and "poor" and "government" to borrow money24:08 QE - Quantitative Easing and its effects27:52 View of the medium-term future & What do you do about it?29:19 What comes next?31:14 Think REAL not NOMINAL32:32 Understand that no one understands 33:25 Understand your value!35:11 AND..."The Price of Money" by Rob Dix - Book PReviewBook of the Week - BOTW - Season 9 Book 5Buy the book on Amazon https://amzn.to/45R8LEuGET IT. READ :)#financialliteracy #financialindependence #truthaboutmoney FIND OUT which HUMAN NEED is driving all of your behaviorhttp://6-human-needs.sfwalker.com/Human Needs Psychology + Emotional Intelligence + Universal Laws of Nature = MASTER OF LIFE AWARENESShttps://www.sfwalker.com/master-life-awareness

A lot of us aren't just tired—we're worn down. In a world that keeps demanding more attention, more productivity, and more endurance, our nervous systems are struggling to keep up. This episode kicks off our season on wellness by starting at the most basic place recovery happens: sleep.You can also watch the very first Brain Blown Podcast episode on video on our YouTube channel!>> Support the Brain Blown on Patreon>> Have questions, stories, or topics you want us to cover? Email us at info@brainblownpodcast.com.>> Learn more at www.brainblownpodcast.comREFERENCES:Falup‑Pecurariu, C., Diaconu, Ș., Țînț, D., & Falup‑Pecurariu, O. — Neurobiology of Sleep (Review)National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeLee, A. E., Ancoli-Israel, S., Eyler, L. T., Tu, X. M., Palmer, B. W., Irwin, M. R., & Jeste, D. V. — Sleep Disturbances and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Schizophrenia: Focus on Sex DifferencesPocivavsek, A., & Rowland, L. M. — Basic Neuroscience Illuminates Causal Relationship Between Sleep and Memory: Translating to SchizophreniaPeever, J., & Fuller, P. M. — Neuroscience: A Distributed Neural Network Controls REM SleepAulsebrook, A. E., Jones, T. M., Rattenborg, N. C., Roth II, T. C., & Lesku, J. A. — Sleep Ecophysiology: Integrating Neuroscience and EcologySimon, K. C., Nadel, L., & Payne, J. D. — The Functions of Sleep: A Cognitive Neuroscience PerspectiveUrry, E., & Landolt, H.-P. — Adenosine, Caffeine, and Performance: From Cognitive Neuroscience of Sleep to Sleep PharmacogeneticsKay, D. B., & Buysse, D. J. — Hyperarousal and Beyond: New Insights into the Pathophysiology of Insomnia Disorder through Functional Neuroimaging StudiesZielinski, M. R., McKenna, J. T., & McCarle, R. W. — Functions and Mechanisms of SleepMarques, D. R., Gomes, A. A., Caetano, G., & Castelo-Branco, M. — Insomnia Disorder and Brain's Default-Mode Network

Welcome back to the RPGBOT.Podcast, where today we're talking about Plane of Elysium—the one afterlife that sounds so good the Dungeon Master has to invent mechanics to stop you from moving there permanently. It's paradise. Your needs are met. You're at peace. You're happy. Too happy. In fact, if you stay too long, you might fail a Wisdom save and decide adventuring, heroism, and saving the multiverse are overrated compared to eternal riverfront property and a Mai Tai. And if that sounds suspiciously like quitting D&D to live in a gated community called "Ecstasy," don't worry—we'll explain why enforced happiness, dragon shift-work, and a giant bone spine gate mean Elysium is still absolutely unhinged. Show Notes What Is Elysium? Elysium is the Neutral Good Outer Plane, positioned between the Beastlands and Arborea. It represents true contentment, rest, and fulfillment, rather than law, chaos, or moral absolutism. Souls here aren't punished, tested, or judged—they're finally allowed to relax. The Core Vibe No labor, no scarcity, no stress. Everything you need is provided. Happiness is genuine—unless you're in the gate town, where it absolutely is not. The Four Layers of Elysium Amoria Gentle meadows, forests, and idyllic towns along the River Oceanus. Every settlement somehow has riverfront property. Biomes get weirder the farther you travel from the river (plains, badlands, deserts… for reasons). Eronia Craggy mountains, harsh winters, rugged terrain. Heaven for dwarves, mountain folk, and anyone who thinks Colorado weather is "nice actually." Belierin (Bellerin) The prison layer of heaven, which is a sentence that should worry you. Holds legendary threats that couldn't be killed: hydras, ancient evils, fallen dukes of Hell. Access is restricted—mostly via the River Oceanus. Perfect setup for a level 20 "heaven jailbreak" campaign. Thalassia Endless ocean dotted with heroic islands. Where the best souls go—or where deities personally abduct you before you die because you're just that good. Eternal tropical vacation, sailing, fishing, and zero capitalism. The River Oceanus A holy river that flows through Elysium and beyond. Functions as a major planar highway connecting multiple Upper Planes. Also conveniently Hydra-proof. Who Lives Here? Guardinals (celestial animal-folk with extreme "Narnia energy") Moon Dogs (the best boys; CR 12; hunt evil; deserve all the treats) Phoenixes, because nobody here is trying to harvest them for profit Numerous deities, including Pelor, Lathander, and Shantaea Pathfinder vs. D&D Pathfinder does have an Elysium—but it's functionally closer to D&D's Arborea. Same name, wildly different vibes. The Gate Town: Ecstasy Located in the Outlands, connected to Elysium. Appears joyful, welcoming, and celebratory… because happiness is magically enforced. Suppressed emotions inevitably explode into violence. Ruled by twin dragons: The Lightcaller (gold dragon, daytime ruler) The Night Whisperer (silver dragon, nighttime ruler) Never seen together. Definitely suspicious. Key Locations in Ecstasy Philosopher's Court – a "safe" place to vent grievances that now regularly turns into Fight Club. Revelhome Inn – run by a Lawful Neutral medusa who turns problem guests into garden statues. The Bone Plinth – a giant spine you climb to reach the gate to Elysium, because nothing says "upper plane" like skeletal horror décor. Planar Mechanics Overwhelming Joy (Optional Rule): Fail repeated Wisdom saves and you refuse to leave Elysium. If forcibly removed, you'll do everything possible to return. Fear effects are weakened. Violence is rare—unless you're in Ecstasy, where it's scheduled. Key Takeaways Elysium is D&D's most tempting afterlife—and the one most likely to derail your campaign. It offers true happiness, not moral judgment or endless labor. The layered structure lets every character imagine their perfect heaven. Belierin quietly turns heaven into an endgame boss rush. Ecstasy proves that enforced happiness is way scarier than honest suffering. Overwhelming Joy is a brilliant narrative mechanic for testing player priorities. If your party reaches Elysium and leaves voluntarily, they are either heroes… or liars. Welcome to the RPGBOT Podcast. If you love Dungeons & Dragons, Pathfinder, and tabletop RPGs, this is the podcast for you. Support the show for free: Rate and review us on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or any podcast app. It helps new listeners find the best RPG podcast for D&D and Pathfinder players. Level up your experience: Join us on Patreon to unlock ad-free access to RPGBOT.net and the RPGBOT Podcast, chat with us and the community on the RPGBOT Discord, and jump into live-streamed RPG podcast recordings. Support while you shop: Use our Amazon affiliate link at https://amzn.to/3NwElxQ and help us keep building tools and guides for the RPG community. Meet the Hosts Tyler Kamstra – Master of mechanics, seeing the Pathfinder action economy like Neo in the Matrix. Randall James – Lore buff and technologist, always ready to debate which Lord of the Rings edition reigns supreme. Ash Ely – Resident cynic, chaos agent, and AI's worst nightmare, bringing pure table-flipping RPG podcast energy. Join the RPGBOT team where fantasy roleplaying meets real strategy, sarcasm, and community chaos. How to Find Us: In-depth articles, guides, handbooks, reviews, news on Tabletop Role Playing at RPGBOT.net Tyler Kamstra BlueSky: @rpgbot.net TikTok: @RPGBOTDOTNET Ash Ely Professional Game Master on StartPlaying.Games BlueSky: @GravenAshes YouTube: @ashravenmedia Randall James BlueSky: @GrimoireRPG Amateurjack.com Read Melancon: A Grimoire Tale (affiliate link) Producer Dan @Lzr_illuminati

Welcome back to the RPGBOT.Podcast, where today we're talking about Plane of Elysium—the one afterlife that sounds so good the Dungeon Master has to invent mechanics to stop you from moving there permanently. It's paradise. Your needs are met. You're at peace. You're happy. Too happy. In fact, if you stay too long, you might fail a Wisdom save and decide adventuring, heroism, and saving the multiverse are overrated compared to eternal riverfront property and a Mai Tai. And if that sounds suspiciously like quitting D&D to live in a gated community called "Ecstasy," don't worry—we'll explain why enforced happiness, dragon shift-work, and a giant bone spine gate mean Elysium is still absolutely unhinged. Show Notes What Is Elysium? Elysium is the Neutral Good Outer Plane, positioned between the Beastlands and Arborea. It represents true contentment, rest, and fulfillment, rather than law, chaos, or moral absolutism. Souls here aren't punished, tested, or judged—they're finally allowed to relax. The Core Vibe No labor, no scarcity, no stress. Everything you need is provided. Happiness is genuine—unless you're in the gate town, where it absolutely is not. The Four Layers of Elysium Amoria Gentle meadows, forests, and idyllic towns along the River Oceanus. Every settlement somehow has riverfront property. Biomes get weirder the farther you travel from the river (plains, badlands, deserts… for reasons). Eronia Craggy mountains, harsh winters, rugged terrain. Heaven for dwarves, mountain folk, and anyone who thinks Colorado weather is "nice actually." Belierin (Bellerin) The prison layer of heaven, which is a sentence that should worry you. Holds legendary threats that couldn't be killed: hydras, ancient evils, fallen dukes of Hell. Access is restricted—mostly via the River Oceanus. Perfect setup for a level 20 "heaven jailbreak" campaign. Thalassia Endless ocean dotted with heroic islands. Where the best souls go—or where deities personally abduct you before you die because you're just that good. Eternal tropical vacation, sailing, fishing, and zero capitalism. The River Oceanus A holy river that flows through Elysium and beyond. Functions as a major planar highway connecting multiple Upper Planes. Also conveniently Hydra-proof. Who Lives Here? Guardinals (celestial animal-folk with extreme "Narnia energy") Moon Dogs (the best boys; CR 12; hunt evil; deserve all the treats) Phoenixes, because nobody here is trying to harvest them for profit Numerous deities, including Pelor, Lathander, and Shantaea Pathfinder vs. D&D Pathfinder does have an Elysium—but it's functionally closer to D&D's Arborea. Same name, wildly different vibes. The Gate Town: Ecstasy Located in the Outlands, connected to Elysium. Appears joyful, welcoming, and celebratory… because happiness is magically enforced. Suppressed emotions inevitably explode into violence. Ruled by twin dragons: The Lightcaller (gold dragon, daytime ruler) The Night Whisperer (silver dragon, nighttime ruler) Never seen together. Definitely suspicious. Key Locations in Ecstasy Philosopher's Court – a "safe" place to vent grievances that now regularly turns into Fight Club. Revelhome Inn – run by a Lawful Neutral medusa who turns problem guests into garden statues. The Bone Plinth – a giant spine you climb to reach the gate to Elysium, because nothing says "upper plane" like skeletal horror décor. Planar Mechanics Overwhelming Joy (Optional Rule): Fail repeated Wisdom saves and you refuse to leave Elysium. If forcibly removed, you'll do everything possible to return. Fear effects are weakened. Violence is rare—unless you're in Ecstasy, where it's scheduled. Key Takeaways Elysium is D&D's most tempting afterlife—and the one most likely to derail your campaign. It offers true happiness, not moral judgment or endless labor. The layered structure lets every character imagine their perfect heaven. Belierin quietly turns heaven into an endgame boss rush. Ecstasy proves that enforced happiness is way scarier than honest suffering. Overwhelming Joy is a brilliant narrative mechanic for testing player priorities. If your party reaches Elysium and leaves voluntarily, they are either heroes… or liars. Welcome to the RPGBOT Podcast. If you love Dungeons & Dragons, Pathfinder, and tabletop RPGs, this is the podcast for you. Support the show for free: Rate and review us on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or any podcast app. It helps new listeners find the best RPG podcast for D&D and Pathfinder players. Level up your experience: Join us on Patreon to unlock ad-free access to RPGBOT.net and the RPGBOT Podcast, chat with us and the community on the RPGBOT Discord, and jump into live-streamed RPG podcast recordings. Support while you shop: Use our Amazon affiliate link at https://amzn.to/3NwElxQ and help us keep building tools and guides for the RPG community. Meet the Hosts Tyler Kamstra – Master of mechanics, seeing the Pathfinder action economy like Neo in the Matrix. Randall James – Lore buff and technologist, always ready to debate which Lord of the Rings edition reigns supreme. Ash Ely – Resident cynic, chaos agent, and AI's worst nightmare, bringing pure table-flipping RPG podcast energy. Join the RPGBOT team where fantasy roleplaying meets real strategy, sarcasm, and community chaos. How to Find Us: In-depth articles, guides, handbooks, reviews, news on Tabletop Role Playing at RPGBOT.net Tyler Kamstra BlueSky: @rpgbot.net TikTok: @RPGBOTDOTNET Ash Ely Professional Game Master on StartPlaying.Games BlueSky: @GravenAshes YouTube: @ashravenmedia Randall James BlueSky: @GrimoireRPG Amateurjack.com Read Melancon: A Grimoire Tale (affiliate link) Producer Dan @Lzr_illuminati

reference: Sri Aurobindo, Bases of Yoga, Chapter 5, Physical Consciousness — Subconscient — Sleep and Dream — Illness, pg. 83This episode is also available as a blog post at https://sriaurobindostudies.wordpress.com/2026/01/23/the-physical-consciousness-and-its-functions/Video presentations, interviews and podcast episodes are allavailable on the YouTube Channel https://www.youtube.com/@santoshkrinsky871More information about Sri Aurobindo can be found at www.aurobindo.net  The US editions and links to e-book editions of SriAurobindo's writings can be found at Lotus Press www.lotuspress.com#Sri Aurobindo #yoga #integral yoga #spirituality #physical consciousness

Would you like to stay healthy until you're 100? For most of us, the answer is, of course, yes. But why do some people live longer, and is it achievable? In this episode, best-selling author and longevity expert Dan Buettner, explores what decades of studying the people who live the longest reveal about health and lifespan. Instead of chasing hacks, the science suggests that a longer life is shaped by everyday food, social habits, and the places people live. We'll look at practical habits seen across the world's blue zones, rare global hotspots where celebrating your 100th birthday is common. Rather than relying on willpower, Dan explains why changing your routine and environment may be easier and more effective. By the end of the episode, you'll have some simple tips to help you start your day like you live in a Blue Zone - and increase your chances of living healthily to 100. Unwrap the truth about your food

What the medulla oblongata actually does on the MCAT (besides sounding fancy)? In this Jack Westin MCAT Podcast episode, Mike and Molly kick off a new MCAT brain anatomy series by starting with the structures that literally keep you alive: the brainstem and vital functions.Instead of drowning you in neuroanatomy, they connect what you see in MCAT passages to how the brain actually works in real life.You'll learn:

For the latest our work and technology correspondent, Brian O'Donovan.

David Shedd explains how China's Ministry of State Security operates as a massive intelligence entity combining the functions of the CIA, FBI, and NSA. He traces this economic espionage to Deng Xiaoping's 1984 strategy, noting that Chinese officers view theft as repayment for past Western oppression. 1906 PEKING NORTHSIDE

I share the story behind getting our first dedicated Podsqueeze office in Portugal. I talk about the challenges of moving from a co-working space, hunting for a budget-friendly place, and doing DIY renovations with my co-founder. I explain how we furnished the space cheaply, set up a gym and podcast studio, and optimized for productivity. I cover office design debates, internet installation struggles, and plans for future meetups and collaborations. If you want a tour or have ideas, let me know!My twitter: https://x.com/wbetiagoMy Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tiago-ferreira-48562095/Timestamps by PodSqueezeIntroduction and Episode Context (00:00:05)  Why Leave Home and Move to a Co-working Space (00:01:28)  Choosing the Right Co-working Space (00:02:39)  Benefits and Challenges of Co-working (00:03:53)  Deciding to Get Their Own Office (00:04:54)  Finding and Securing the New Office (00:05:56)  Planning the Office Layout and Functions (00:07:07)  Solving the Echo Problem and DIY Acoustic Panels (00:08:22)  Designing and Furnishing the Office (00:09:25)  Buying Second-hand Furniture and Equipment (00:11:54)  Setting Up the Gym and Office Desks (00:12:54)  Decorating and Balancing Design vs. Function (00:15:08)  Setting Up Utilities: Internet, Water, Electricity (00:16:11)  Internet Installation Issues and Going Viral (00:17:32)  Settling In and Realizing Office Needs (00:19:28)  Future Plans for the Office Space (00:20:30)  Community, Meetups, and Inauguration Plans (00:21:27)  Reflections on Bootstrapping and SaaS Benefits (00:23:39)  Conclusion and Call for Feedback (00:24:30)

On this episode of "The Bruce Exclusive", Bruce talks about the Buffalo Bills' thrilling victory over the Cincinnati Bengals, and what it may mean for the team predictively while revisiting some previous points and takes with new information and context. Topics include Sean McDermott, Brandon Beane, Josh Allen, Aaron Kromer, Joe Brady, Keon Coleman, Khalil Shakir, Gabe Davis, Buffalo Bills free agents, Buffalo Bills draft picks, Buffalo Bills free agents, and more! "The Bruce Exclusive" is part of the Rumblings Cast Network! The Rumblings Cast Network family of shows includes Billieve, The Bruce Exclusive, Jamie D & Big Newt, Leading the Charge, and Unplugged. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Ever feel like decisions in your nonprofit take forever… or worse, no one knows who's actually supposed to make them? In this episode, I break down why unclear decision-making slows your organization to a crawl, how to fix confusion between staff and the board, and the simple tools that help teams move faster without chaos. If delays are costing you time, money, and client well-being, this one will bring some welcome clarity. Episode Highlights 00:00 Introduction and Funny Story 01:51 Today's Topic: Decision Making in Organizations 04:43 Clarifying Board Decision Making 07:53 Guiding Principles for Decision Making 11:23 Functions and Outcomes in Nonprofits 13:16 Heads and Hands Roles in Teams 16:30 Conclusion and Further Resources Resource The Board Clarity Club A monthly membership for boards that provides training and live expert support to help your board have total clarity on how to be the best board possible. Learn More >> About Your Host Have you seen Casino Royale? That moment when Vespa slides in elegantly, opposite James, all charming smile, razor-sharp wit and mighty brainpower, and says, "I'm the money"? Well, your host, Sarah Olivieri has been likened to Vespa by one of her clients – not just because she's charming, beautiful and brainy– but because that bold statement "I'm the money" was, as it turned out, right ON the money. Sarah helps nonprofits transform their organizations from failing to thriving. And she's very, very good at it. She's brought nonprofits back from the brink of insolvency. She's averted major cash-flow crises, solved funding droughts, board conflicts and everything in between… and so she has literally become "the money" for many of the organizations she works with. As the former director of 3 nonprofits and founder of 5 for-profit businesses, she understands, deeply, the challenges and complexities facing organizations and she's created a framework, called The Impact Method®️, which can help you simplify operations, build aligned teams and make a bigger impact without getting overwhelmed or burning out – and Every. Single. One. Of her clients that have implemented her methodologies have achieved the most incredible results. Sarah is also a #1 international bestselling author, holds a BA from the University of Chicago with a focus on globalization and its effect on marginalized cultures, and a master's degree in Humanistic and Multicultural Education from SUNY New Paltz. Access additional training at www.pivotground.com/funding-secrets or apply for the THRiVE Program for personalized support at www.pivotground.com/application Be sure to subscribe to Inspired Nonprofit Leadership so that you don't miss a single episode, and while you're at it, won't you take a moment to write a short review and rate our show? It would be greatly appreciated! Let us know the topics or questions you would like to hear about in a future episode. You can do that and follow us on LinkedIn.

Today, I have the pleasure of speaking with Brian Weiner and Lisa Castro of Family Office Growth Partners. Brian is the firm's Founder & CEO, and for nearly 25 years, he has served as a trusted advisor to successful entrepreneurs and family enterprises in the areas of investment, tax, governance, and philanthropy. Brian began his career in 1996 as the Deputy Trade Commissioner for the Government of Israel, where he facilitated joint ventures/strategic partnerships on behalf of U.S. and Israeli companies. Brian is a serial entrepreneur and a trailblazer in the family office space, with diverse experience at firms including Smith Barney, Allied Advisors, BNY Mellon. Lisa is President of Family Office Services at Family Office Growth Partners. She brings over 30 years of experience serving high-net-worth families, C-suite executives, and influential leaders. Throughout her career, she has had the privilege of working with distinguished families to establish independent family offices, supporting CEOs and former government officials in her role as a proactive Chief of Staff. Lisa played a key role in the founding and conceptual development of The Paulson Institute, established by former U.S. Treasury Secretary, Hank Paulson. Brian and Lisa, and their firm Family Office Resource Group, are Advisor members of FOX and we are privileged to have their expertise within our membership community. Outsourcing is a big, and increasingly relevant, topic in our space. Brian and Lisa share their perspectives on outsourcing by families and family offices and highlight some of the prevailing practices in the sector. One of the most common and evergreen questions in this realm is what to outsource and what to build and operate in house. Brian and Lisa shine a light on this question and describe some of the frameworks and criteria family offices and their principles should apply when trying to make this crucial decision. Once the decision to outsource has been made, the key challenge is to figure out how to vet and select the providers who will take over the critical functions for the family office. Brian and Lisa offer practical tips for family office leaders and wealth owners who are in this important early stage of their outsourcing journey. They also provide suggestions for family offices on the ongoing management of their outsourcing relationships, explaining how they should optimally oversee, coordinate, evaluate, and renegotiate these vendor relationships to achieve the best results for the family and the family office operation. Don't miss this highly insightful conversation with two of the most experienced, recognized, and well-connected thought leaders and practitioners in the family office outsourcing space.

Explore Your Personality: https://PersonalityHacker.com    Joel and Antonia explore how our cognitive "lenses" shape what we perceive and how those lenses can become distorted. Using the metaphor of smudged glasses, they dive into each of the four Jungian perceiving functions, examining how past trauma, addiction, projection, and overstimulation can cloud perception and disconnect us from reality.

In this encore episode, we highlight key roles that zinc plays in supporting various aspects of mucosal barrier integrity, while detailing the structure of the intestinal mucosal barrier. We detail key anatomical features, including the mucus layer, epithelial cells, and tight junctions, before discussing zinc's physiological roles, its relationship with copper, and factors that can affect zinc levels. The discussion further details mechanistic features of zinc absorption as well as specialized forms such as zinc carnosine.Topics:1. Introduction - Overview of intestinal hyperpermeability and intestinal barrier function- Highlighting the role of zinc 2. Intestinal Barrier Anatomy - Four major layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa- Mucosa subdivisions; focus on epithelium  3. The Mucus Layer  - Location over the epithelial surface- Composition: mucin-rich, secreted by goblet cells- Goblet cell mucin storage and expansion upon hydration- Functions: trapping pathogens, lubricating epithelium, housing molecules including secretory IgA- Small intestine mucus - Large intestine mucus 4. The Intestinal Epithelium - Monolayer of epithelial cells: enterocytes, goblet cells, and more- Tight junctions, paracellular transport - Continuous epithelial renewal 5. Introduction to Zinc - Zinc as a trace mineral required in minute quantities for numerous physiological processes - Second most abundant trace mineral after iron; majority stored in muscle and bone- Maintaining plasma and intracellular zinc concentrations within narrow range- Both deficiency and excess can disrupt biochemical processes 6. Zinc and Copper  - Zinc and copper as closely interconnected minerals- Zinc, copper, and metallothionein binding in enterocytes- Both high and low zinc can disrupt zinc-copper balance- Metallothionein as a cysteine-rich metal-binding protein  7. Factors Affecting Zinc Levels  - Multifactorial- Possible signs of low zinc status 8. Zinc Absorption  - Dietary sources- Primary absorption in small intestine - In the stomach: HCl and pepsin denature proteins and cleave peptide bonds, releasing zinc from protein complexes- Dietary zinc often bound within tertiary protein structure- Specialized transporters  9. Zinc's Role in the Intestinal Barrier  - Zinc and tight junction proteins- Zinc and Intestinal Epithelial Cells - Zinc and the mucus layer 10. Broader Context of Zinc in Physiology   11. Zinc Carnosine  - Molecular complex of zinc and carnosine- L-carnosine composed of beta-alanine and L-histidine- Gastrointestinal context 12. Conclusion - Multifactorial and multi-system.Thank you to our episode sponsor: 1. Shop ⁠O-Liv High Phenolic Extra Virgin Olive Oil⁠ and O-Liv's ⁠Olive Oil Supplement⁠. *These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.Thanks for tuning in!"⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠75 Gut-Healing Strategies & Biohacks⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠" Follow Chloe on Instagram ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@synthesisofwellness⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠synthesisofwellness.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

What is the unpardonable sin? In episode two of "The Holy Spirit," Duane Sheriff teaches the three major functions Jesus promised the Holy Spirit would fulfill when He came. According to John 16, the Holy Spirit is our helper sent to convict the world of sin, righteousness, and judgment. This conviction of sin isn't about individual transgressions, but rather the sin of unbelief in Christ. The Holy Spirit reveals our righteousness through faith in Jesus' resurrection, freeing us from the burden of earning our salvation. Finally, the Holy Spirit convicts of judgment, revealing that the devil has been defeated and judged.Click for FREE offer ➡️https://pastorduane.com/landing/the-holy-spirit/

A past blog post about nuchal cords (when the umbilical cord wraps around baby's neck) sparked a lot of fear and confusion, especially around the idea that this could “strangle” baby. In this episode, we take a deeper look at what's really happening. In this episode of Yoga | Birth | Babies, I speak with Dr. Jessica Vernon. Dr. Jessica is is a mom of two and a board-certified OBGYN for over a decade. She is an Associate Medical Director as well as the Director of Mental Health at Oula, a midwifery-led women's health startup in NYC.  Understanding how brilliantly the body functions during pregnancy can bring so much reassurance. We hope this episode helps you feel informed, grounded, and confident! Get the most out of each episode by checking out the show notes with links, resources and other related podcasts at: prenatalyogacenter.com Don't forget to grab your FREE guide, 5 Simple Solutions to the Most Common Pregnancy Pains HERE  If you love what you've been listening to, please leave a rating and review! Yoga| Birth|Babies (Apple) or on Spotify! To connect with Deb and the PYC Community:  Instagram & Facebook: @prenatalyogacenter Youtube: Prenatal Yoga Center Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

CC444: Lindsie and Kail unpack the trauma of cheap candles that don't quite have a scent, the mental gymnastics of avoiding delivery fees, and struggle of getting their sports kid to care about their grades. Plus, Lindsie reports on some very local news, and Kail can't wrap her head around the story of a parent picking one child's big day over the other. Today's Foul Play brings back a good ol' queef.Thank you to our sponsors!Booking.com: Head over to Booking.com and start your listing today.Creatone: Use code COFFEECONVOS to save 20% at ToneToday.com.Jones Road Beauty: Use code Coffee at jonesroadbeauty.com to get a Free Cool Gloss with your first purchase!Rainbeau Curves: Visit rainbeaucurves.com to purchase.Revolve: Shop at REVOLVE.com/COFFEE and use code COFFEE for 15% off your first order.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

In this Huberman Lab Essentials episode, my guest is Dr. David Berson, PhD, a professor of neuroscience at Brown University and an expert on the visual system and circadian biology. We explore how the brain processes visual information, from photons entering the eye to conscious perception in the cortex. We discuss color vision, the discovery of melanopsin and intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, and how light regulates our circadian clock and melatonin release. We also examine the vestibular system's role in balance and motion detection, the cerebellum's function in motor coordination, and the midbrain's integration of multiple sensory inputs. Finally, we discuss the basal ganglia's role in decision-making and an extraordinary case of neuroplasticity in visual cortex. Read the episode show notes at hubermanlab.com. More Huberman Lab Essentials: https://hubermanlab.com/essentials Thank you to our sponsors AGZ: https://drinkagz.com/huberman Function: https://functionhealth.com/huberman LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/huberman Timestamps (00:00:00) Dr. David Berson (00:00:30) Visual Perception, Photons & Retinal Processing, Ganglion Cells (00:02:12) Color Vision, Wavelengths & Photoreceptors; Cones & Rods (00:05:56) Sponsor: AGZ by AG1 (00:07:24) Melanopsin, Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells & Brightness Detection (00:08:31) Circadian Clock & Synchronization, Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN); Master Clock Function (00:11:16) Hypothalamus, Autonomic Nervous System & Hormonal Systems (00:13:01) Tool: Light Exposure & Melatonin Regulation, Pineal Function (00:14:35) Vestibular System, Balance & Motion Detection; Semicircular Canals (00:16:44) Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex, Image Stabilization & Head Rotation (00:18:51) Sponsor: Function (00:20:45) Motion Sickness, Visual-Vestibular Conflict; Tool: Avoiding Nausea (00:22:24) Cerebellum, Motor Coordination & Learning (00:23:17) Cerebellar Function, Precision & Timing of Movement; Cerebellar Ataxia (00:24:54) Flocculus & Visual-Vestibular Integration (00:25:56) Midbrain, Brainstem & Reflexive Behavior; Superior Colliculus (00:28:26) Spatial Orientation & Multisensory Integration; Rattlesnake Heat Detection (00:30:13) Sensory Integration & Corroboration (00:31:13) Sponsor: LMNT (00:32:45) Basal Ganglia, Go vs No-Go Behavior & Decision Making (00:33:56) Tool: Impulse Control & Delayed Gratification, Marshmallow Test (00:34:51) Individual Differences, Genetics & Experience (00:35:37) Visual Cortex, Neural Processing & Brain Plasticity (00:36:26) Cortical Reorganization, Braille Reading & Stroke Recovery (00:39:15) David Berson's Work; Acknowledgements Disclaimer & Disclosures Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices