Younger brother and close companion of the Hindu god Rama
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Disconsolate at the death of Prahasta, Ravana himself appears on the battlefield for an encounter. After a tough fight with Sugriva, Lakshmana, Hanuman and Nila, Ravana meets Sri Rama and, sustaining an ignominious defeat at the latter's hands and escaping with his life, withdraws to Lanka.Recitation: 00:00 - 27:33Translation: 27:36 - 01:05:56
During the nocturnal engagement the monkeys too dauntlessly offer a stiff fight to the ogres even though they were fighting against heavy odds inasmuch as the strength of ogres gets doubled at night, and felt highly rejoiced to find Indrajit vanquished by Angada. Sri Rama and Lakshmana too put to flight numberless foes with their shower of arrows. Eventually, however, they are both bound by Indrajit in a noose of serpents.Recitation: 00:00 - 06:38Translation: 06:40 - 16:32
Though itching to kill the enemy on beholding Sri Rama and Lakshmana enmeshed in a network of snakes, the monkeys, who were unable to perceive him, felt frustrated. Vibhishana exhorts Sugriva, who was seized with fear on finding Indrajit hidden under the cloak of witchcraft, to take heart and not to give way to fear. Concluding the two brothers to be dead, Indrajit, for his part, triumphantly enters Lanka and is welcomed by his father.Recitation: 00:00 - 08:10Translation: 08:15 - 19:12
Indrajit having re-entered Lanka, Hanuman and other monkeys encompass Sri Rama and Lakshmana and guard their bodies. Having dismissed Indrajit, Ravana commands the ogresses guarding Sita to take her to the field of battle and show her the plight of Sri Rama and Lakshmana. The ogresses, headed by Trijata, accordingly take her in the aerial car, known by the name of Pushpaka, and show her the two princes lying unconscious and motionless on the ground. Sita bursts into a piteous wail on seeing her husband and brother-in-law in that plight.Recitation: 00:00 - 04:20Translation: 04:24 - 09:55
"Those well-versed in physiognomy and palmistry prophesied that I would never be widowed and would bear sons. How could their predictions prove untrue?" While Sita was absorbed in these thoughts on beholding Sri Rama and Lakshmana, Trijata reassures her on the strength of good omens and, cheering her soul, takes her back to the Ashoka grove.Recitation: 00;00 - 06:20Translation: 06:24 - 16:00
Returning to consciousness Sri Rama wails over the lot of Lakshmana and the monkeys too fall a prey to extreme despondency on seeing Sri Rama wailing as aforesaid. Seeing Vibhishana approach Sri Rama in the meantime, they all take to their heels, mistaking him for Indrajit.Recitation: 00:00 - 05:36Translation: 05:40 - 13:10
Beholding Vibhishana, Sugriva asks Jambavan to restore the fleeing monkeys to confidence and himself reassures Vibhishana. In the meantime, Garuda, the king of birds, makes his appearance on the scene and liberates Sri Rama and Lakshmana from their bondage.Recitation: 00:00 - 10:50Translation: 10:55 - 26:00
Climbing up the Suvela mountain in consultation with and in the company of Lakshmana and Vibhishana as well as of Sugriva and others, Sri Rama surveys the city from that vantage-ground. The eminent heroes among the monkeys too, who were eager to fight, roar at the top of their voice and spend the night on the mountain itself with Sri Rama.Recitation: 00:00 - 03:30Translation: 03:32 - 08:25
Approaching Ravana, the ogres break to him the news about Lanka having been laid siege to by the monkeys led by Sri Rama. Ascending the roof of his palace and taxing his brain about the means of putting an end to the monkeys, he casts a look at Sri Rama and the monkeys. Pained at the thought that Sita was being bullied by Ravana on his account, and commanding the monkeys to besiege all the four gates of Lanka and to destroy the ogres, Sri Rama, on the other side, takes up his position along with Lakshmana near the northern gate. Apprised of these developments, Ravana mobilises his army and, encouraged by him, the ogres beat their drums and emit a terrible roar.Recitation: 00:00 - 08:05Translation: 08:08 - 18:59
“Even a guru becomes worthy of punishment if he becomes arrogant, cannot discern between what is to be done and what is not to be done, and goes astray from the path of righteousness.” (Lakshmana speaking to Lord Rama, Valmiki Ramayana, Ayodhya Kand, 21.13)
Sri Rama speaks of evil portents to Lakshmana.Recitation: 00:00 - 02:53Translation: 02:55 - 06:38
While talking with Lakshmana, Sri Rama is reminded of Sita and, smitten with pangs of love, gives way to grief and lamentation.Recitation: 00:00 - 04:10Translation: 04:12 - 09:40
“Those men who will again see Rama along with Sita, accompanied by the mighty-armed Lakshmana, returning home will be successful.” (Valmiki Ramayana, Ayodhya Kand, 72.38)
“O Rama, for as long as You shall stand before me, even if it be for one hundred years, I will always remain Your servant. Therefore You should be the one to choose a beautiful and appropriate place for the cottage. After You have selected a spot, please then command me to start building.” (Lakshmana speaking to Lord Rama, Valmiki Ramayana, Aranya Kand, 15.7)
“Rama, Bharata, Lakshmana and Shatrughna, of such beautiful and auspicious names – remembering those four sons of King Dasharatha and worshiping them fulfills all the desires of the mind.” (Dohavali, 121)
“O Rama, You should know that just as fish cannot survive when taken out of water, neither Sita nor I can live without You for even a moment.” (Lakshmana speaking to Lord Rama, Valmiki Ramayana, Ayodhya Kand, 53.31)
Ramayana is trending again — Ayodhya's Ram Mandir is complete, and India is watching.But beyond the politics, what ancient truths still matter today?Gaurav Arora sits down with Srini Katta to explore what the epic really means in 2025.In this special conversation, Gaurav Arora meets Srini Katta — AI innovator, yoga teacher, and author of Brothers in Arms: The Ramayana Retold — to unpack the Ramayana's untold leadership lessons.From Hanuman's loyalty to Rama's dharma, and from Ayodhya's temple to your inner life, this is the Ramayana like you've never heard it before.
“Meditating on Shri Rama, who has Janaki to His left and Lakshmana to His right, brings all auspiciousness and is your wish-fulfilling tree, O Tulsi.” (Dohavali, 1)
In this episode of The Infinite Spark of Being, Keith explores The Ramayana through the lens of Bhakti Yoga — the yoga of love and devotion. Discover how Rama, Sita, Hanuman, Lakshmana, and even Ravana each represent aspects of consciousness, devotion, and the path to spiritual alignment. This is not just mythology — it's a living story of courage, surrender, and divine relationship that can transform the way you move through your life.Through storytelling, reflection, and practical insights, Keith reveals how you can turn every act — from breath to service — into devotion itself.
“That best among men would not go to sleep without Him, nor would he eat without Him, even if the food brought was very palatable.” (Valmiki Ramayana, Bala Kand, 18.30)
pWotD Episode 3093: Diwali Welcome to popular Wiki of the Day, spotlighting Wikipedia's most visited pages, giving you a peek into what the world is curious about today.With 407,031 views on Monday, 20 October 2025 our article of the day is Diwali.Dipavali (IAST: Dīpāvalī), commonly known as Diwali (English: ), is the Hindu festival of lights, with variations celebrated in other Indian religions such as Jainism and Sikhism. It symbolises the spiritual victory of Dharma over Adharma, light over darkness, good over evil, and knowledge over ignorance. Diwali is celebrated during the Hindu lunisolar months of Ashvin (according to the amanta tradition) and Kārtika – between around mid-September and mid-November. The celebrations generally last five or six days.Diwali is connected to various religious events, deities and personalities, such as being the day Rama returned to his kingdom in Ayodhya with his wife Sita and his brother Lakshmana after defeating the demon king Ravana. It is also widely associated with Lakshmi, the goddess of prosperity, and Ganesha, the god of wisdom and the remover of obstacles. Other regional traditions connect the holiday to Vishnu, Krishna, Durga, Shiva, Kali, Hanuman, Kubera, Yama, Yami, Dhanvantari, or Vishvakarman.Primarily a Hindu festival, variations of Diwali are also celebrated by adherents of other faiths. The Jains observe their own Diwali which marks the final liberation of Mahavira. The Sikhs celebrate Bandi Chhor Divas to mark the release of Guru Hargobind from a Mughal prison. Newar Buddhists, unlike other Buddhists, celebrate Diwali by worshipping Lakshmi, while the Hindus of Eastern India and Bangladesh generally, celebrate Diwali by worshipping the goddess Kali.During the festival, the celebrants illuminate their homes, temples and workspaces with diyas (oil lamps), candles and lanterns. Hindus, in particular, have a ritual oil bath at dawn on each day of the festival. Diwali is also marked with fireworks as well as the decoration of floors with rangoli designs and other parts of the house with jhalars. Food is a major focus with families partaking in feasts and sharing mithai. The festival is an annual homecoming and bonding period not only for families, but also for communities and associations, particularly those in urban areas, which will organise activities, events, and gatherings. Many towns organise community parades and fairs with parades or music and dance performances in parks. Some Hindus, Jains, and Sikhs will send Diwali greeting cards to family near and far during the festive season, occasionally with boxes of Indian confectionery. Another aspect of the festival is remembering the ancestors.Diwali is also a major cultural event for the Hindu, Sikh, and Jain diaspora. The main day of the festival of Diwali (the day of Lakshmi Puja) is an official holiday in Fiji, Guyana, India, Malaysia, Mauritius, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago, and is symbolically recognized by some US state governments.This recording reflects the Wikipedia text as of 03:24 UTC on Tuesday, 21 October 2025.For the full current version of the article, see Diwali on Wikipedia.This podcast uses content from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Visit our archives at wikioftheday.com and subscribe to stay updated on new episodes.Follow us on Bluesky at @wikioftheday.com.Also check out Curmudgeon's Corner, a current events podcast.Until next time, I'm neural Brian.
“Those men who will again see Rama along with Sita, accompanied by the mighty-armed Lakshmana, returning home will be successful.” (Valmiki Ramayana, Ayodhya Kand, 72.38)
“O Rama, for as long as You shall stand before me, even if it be for one hundred years, I will always remain Your servant. Therefore You should be the one to choose a beautiful and appropriate place for the cottage. After You have selected a spot, please then command me to start building.” (Lakshmana speaking to Lord Rama, Valmiki Ramayana, Aranya Kand, 15.7)
In this episode, we explore The Ramayana as more than a sacred story — it's a living spiritual map that shows how love, devotion, and discipline transform the human heart.Through the lives of Rama, Sita, Lakshmana, and Hanuman, we see what it means to live in alignment with dharma, to love with courage, and to serve with humility. This episode moves beyond myth and into practice — showing how Bhakti Yoga, the yoga of devotion, can become a living part of your daily life.You'll hear how the Ramayana mirrors your own inner journey — from the exile of the heart to the return of divine love — and how every act of kindness, honesty, and surrender builds your own bridge to the sacred.My New Book and Journal Now Available on Amazon:
66_O Pedido de Lakshmana by Gloria Arieira
“When I have spoken to you thus, why are you not responding to me? A pious soul named Sugriva, who is a warrior and a hero among Vanaras, being expelled by his brother, wanders the earth with a distressed mind.” (Hanuman speaking to Rama and Lakshmana, Valmiki Ramayana, Kishkindha Kand, 3.19-20)
“O Lakshmana, do you rule this earth with Me. You are like My second self, so this glorious opportunity has been presented to you as well. O Saumitra, do you enjoy all the pleasures you desire and the fruits of the regal life. My life and this kingdom I covet for your sake alone.” (Lord Rama speaking to Lakshmana, Valmiki Ramayana, Ayodhya Kand, 4.43-44)
“Those men who will again see Rama along with Sita, accompanied by the mighty-armed Lakshmana, returning home will be successful.” (Valmiki Ramayana, Ayodhya Kand, 72.38)
“In the middle of the day, it is exceedingly pleasant to go about and it is delightful to the touch. In the daytime the sun is pleasing, while the shade and water are not pleasing.” (Lakshmana speaking to Lord Rama, Valmiki Ramayana, Aranya Kand, 16.10)
Asked by Hanuman for a token, Sita narrates the episode of a crow, which occurred on the Chitrakuta mountain, and asks Hanuman to repeat the story to Sri Rama by way of a token. She further sends her greetings to both Sri Rama and Lakshmana, conveys her enquiry after their welfare and communicates to them her resolve to survive only for a month after the expiry of the time-limit prescribed by Ravana; and last of all, she hands over to him, her jewel for the head as a token.Recitation: 00:00 - 11:50Translation: 11:53 - 29:56
Sita asks Hanuman, when the latter is about to depart with the jewel for her head, to apprise Sri rama and Lakshmana of her own welfare and urge them to rescue her. When Sita expresses her misgivings about the capacity of the heroes on Sri Rama's side to cross the sea. Hanuman expatiates on the might of the monkey heroes and assures her of their abilit yto cross it, and in the end consoles her by promising to bring Sri rama and Lakshmana on his back across the sea in any case.Recitation: 00:00 - 09:03Translation:09:06 - 20:54
Questioned by Sita, who was anxious to ascertain the bonafides of the monkey, Hanuman, after cataloguing the marks on the person of Sri Rama and Lakshmana, narrates his own life-story from his birth onwards including his role as a minister of Sugriva, and ending with his seeing of Sita.Recitation: 00:00 - 15:12Translation: 15:17 - 36:55
His eyes filled with joy on beholding Sita surrounded by hideous and deformed faces while the moon was at the meridian, Hanuman mentally bows to Sri Rama and Lakshmana and remains hidden behind the boughs of the Shimshapa tree.Recitation: 00:00 - 05:49Translation: 05:55 - 14:02
Flobo talks with subject matter Raghavan Lakshmana about a litany of topics ranging from artificial intelligence, data privacy, and productivity. Learn more about Raghavan here: https://devden.raghavan.studio/
Embracing Sugriva, who came all the way on a palanquin with Lakshmana, and bowed down at Sri Rama's feet, and offering him a seat, the latter instructs him in a nutshell in statecraft and reminds him of his business. Expressing his indebtedness to Sri Rama for the unique favour done to him and giving to him an account of the efforts made by him, Sugriva in his turn gratifies him by apprising him of the arrival of countless monkeys from all parts of the globe.Recitation: 00:00 - 05:48Translation: 05:52 - 13:45
When Lakshmana gets pacified by the conciliatory words of Tara, Sugriva glorifies Sri Rama and requests Lakshmana to forgive his delinquency. Regaining his normal self, Lakshmana too craves the forgiveness of Sugriva for the harsh language employed by him in a fit of anger and asks him to approach Sri Rama and beg his pardon.Recitation: 00: 00 - 03:28Translation: 03:24 - 08:30
Ushered into Kishkindha by Angada and others, Lakshmana beholds stately mansions and other curios on both sides of the main road and, hearing the sound of vocal music accompanied by the sound of various musical instruments as well as the sweet jingling of anklets etc., coming from the palace of Sugriva, twangs his bowstring. Hearing the twang of his bow, Sugriva dispatches Tara to him and the latter tries to pacify Lakshmana by apprising him of Sugriva having already sent his generalissimo Nila to collect all the money forces scattered here and there. His anger having been appeased to some extent by the news, he is led by Tara to the gyneceum and sees Sugriva.Recitation: 00: 00 - 11:25Translation : 11:30 - 29:29
Consoling Lakshmana, who was wroth against Sugriva, by showing reasons for the delay, Tara requests the former to compose himself, assuring him that everything will be accomplished.Recitation: 00:00 - 04:12Transition: 04:15 - 10:23
Seeing Sugriva dismayed to hear of Lakshmana's wrath from the mouth of Angada, Hanuman tells Sugriva that the delay in honouring the understanding arrived at with Sri Rama was at the root of the latter's displeasure, and advises Sugriva to pacify Lakshmana and initiate the search for Sita.Recitation: 00:00 - 03:44Translation: 03:50 - 09:23
Lakshmana warns Sugriva to rectify his mistake in neglecting his duty of conducting a search for Sita, which amounted to ingratitude on his part, and not to follow the path of his elder brother, Vali.Recitation: 00:00 - 03:30Translation: 03:35 - 09:14
Concluding from the angry words of Sri Rama that he was wroth against Sugriva, Lakshmana gets ready to kill the latter. Pacifying Lakshmana, Sri Rama, however sends him to Sugriva with instructions to adopt a conciliatory attitude towards him. Reaching Kishkindha with a bow and arrow in hand and assuming an angry demeanour, Lakshmana asks Angada to announce his arrival to Sugriva. Even when apprised of Lakshmana's arrival by Angada, Sugriva, who was drunk with wine, is unable to follow Angada and comes to realise the gravity of the situation only on hearing the clamour of the alarmed monkeys and on being awakened to the reality by two of his foremost ministers and implored by them to pacify Lakshmana.Recitation: 00:00 - 08:43Translation: 08:48 - 22:40
Even though unable to bear the cool weather during the monsoon, emaciated as he was due to the agony of his separation from Sita, and chatting with Lakshmana on the unbearability of his said separation from Sita, Sri Rama describes the rainy season.Recitation: 00: 00 - 13:04Translation: 13:09 - 31:45
Glorifying Sri Rama as a hero, Lakshmana comforts his brother who was wailing in many ways at the thought of Sita, his agony of separation from her having been accentuated by the sight of the autumnal full moon and the water-lilies opening their petals during the night. His heart being captured by the wealth of beauties of autumn, Sri Rama extols the autumnal season and seeing Sugriva inactive even during this season, sends Lakshmana to whip the latter into activity.Recitation: 00:00 - 15:38Translation: 15:40 - 38:22
Arrived at a cave of Mount Prasravana and seeing the place suitable for his residence, Sri Rama takes up his abode there. One day when he is seized with anguish caused by his separation from Sita, Lakshmana comforts him.Recitation: 00:00 - 07:47Translation: 07:53 - 18:32
Sri Rama consoles Sugriva and others. Entrusting Sugriva with the work of getting firewood for the cremation of Vali, Lakshmana asks Tara to arrange for a palanquin to carry Vali in state to the crematory.bPlacing the dead body of Vali as commanded by Sri Rama on the palanquin brought by Tara, Sugriva and others carry the palanquin to the riverside and, taking it down on a sandy bank, prepare a pyre. Vanara women comfort Tara mourning the death of Vali with his head placed in her lap. Placing the dead body of Vali on the pyre, Angada sets fire to it. At the end of the cremation they all offer water to the spirit of the deceased and return to Sri Rama's presence.Recitation 00:00 - 08:58Translation: 09:03 - 21: 52
Amazed to behold Sri Rama's arrow re-enter his quiver after piercing all the seven sal tress and penetrating the bowels of the earth, and applauding Sri Rama, Sugriva implores him to make short work of Vali. Sending Sugriva to challenge Vali to a combat, Sri Rama sits in hiding behind a tree. When a passage at arms commenced with Vali who would not brook a challenge, Sri Rama did not hit Vali with an arrow because the two brothers so closely resembled each other that it was difficult for him to distinguish one from the other. The result was that Sugriva lost heart and ultimately taking to his heels, returned to Rshyamuka. Explaining to Sugriva the reason of his failure to hit Vali, Sri Rama reassures Sugriva and encourages him to seek an encounter with Vali again. Urged by Sri Rama, Lakshmana uproots a blossomed Gajapushpi creeper and ties it about the neck of Sugriva for identification.Recitation: 00:00 - 06:54Translation: 07:00 - 17:22
Hanuman inquires of Sri Rama the purpose of his visit to Pampa. Having narrated to Hanuman his life story, as urged by Sri Rama, Lakshmana tells him that cultivation of friendship with Sugriva, in pursuance of the advice of Kabandha, was the purpose of their visit to the Pampa. Observing that Sugriva was in a predicament similar to the one in which Sri Rama found himself placed and as such stood in need of Sri Rama's sympathy and goodwill, Hanuman resumes his real form and, placing Sri Rama and Lakshmana on his shoulders, reaches Rshyamuka. Recitation: 00:00 - 06:02 Translation: 06:05 - 15:54
Approaching in the guise of a mendicant Sri Rama and Lakshmana and bowing low to them, Hanuman enquired of them as to who they were and, having narrated to them the story of Sugriva, apprised them of the latter's anxiety to enlist their goodwill. Pleased with the cleverness of Hanuman, Sri Rama compliments the former on his knowledge of the Veda and grammar. With the approval of Sri Rama, Lakshmana gives utterance to the former's desire to secure Sugriva's alliance. Recitation: 00:00 - 06:35 Translation: 06:42 - 16:17
Sri Rama and Lakshmana visit the hermitage of Sabari on the bank of the Pampa in the forest named Matangavana, receive her hospitality and go round the the forest with her. Casting her body into the sacred fire, Sabari ascends to the heavenly world. Recitation: 00:00 - 06:03 Translation: 06:07 - 15:20
Sri Rama and Lakshmana seek the brink of Pampa Lake conversing together. Recitation: 00:00 - 05:23 Translation: 05:29 - 13:03