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Emma and Gil welcome Dr. Mary Flanagan, designer of Monarch, Visitor in Blackwood Grove, Buffalo, Awkward Moment, and plethora of other games in a myriad of styles and platforms, from party to strategy on digital in tabletop. Dr. Flanagan is also an artist, having exhibited works (many game-related) all around the world, and teaches game design at Dartmouth, who also hosts her game design and research lab, Tiltfactor. We discuss designing games from the perspectives of fun and meaningful change. How does one make a transformative game that players actually enjoy, but that is still effective at building empathy and fighting prejudice? CONTENT WARNING: There is a brief mention of racial prejudice, and sexual assault in literary works towards the end of the episode. SHOW NOTES 0m21s: "Buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo" is a grammatically correct sentence. This video explains it, and other lexically ambiguous sentences. 1m21s: Tiltfactor, Dr. Flanagan's game design and research lab at Dartmouth 1m57s: If you're reading this, congratulations, you're reading the show notes! 3m58s: Professor Scott Rogers covered The Game of The Goose in Biography of a Board Game 221.5. 4m27s: For more information on these French Revolution-themed versions of Game of the Goose (Jeu de la Revolution Francaise), check out page 17 of this PDF. It's also interesting to note that Robespierre attempted to install a new state religion for France during the Revolution, the Cult of the Supreme Being (Culte de l'Être suprême); it's entirely possible that its dogma was reinforced through things like board games. Perhaps it also helped with the bizarre decimal-time-based calendar that Robespierre couldn't get to stick, but that still frustrates historians to this day. 5m30s: More information about Dr. Flanagan's book, Critical Play. 6m39s: The Landlord's Game by Lizzie Magie is the game that Monopoly was based on. 7m51s: September 12: A Toy World is a game where a player is trying to kill terrorists by firing missiles at a village. But every terrorist you kill creates more terrorists, as the locals get angrier at your actions. Soon, the village is gone and you are surrounded by terrorists. There is no way to win the game through shooting. 7m56s: Paolo Pedercini also makes commentary games. (Note that this link contains adult content.) Jump to the McDonald's Videogame here. 8m13s: More info on Profit Seed. 8m33s: More info on Layoff. 9m40s: More info on Pox: Save the Puppies. 10m32s: "Designing Games to Foster Empathy," the paper Dr. Flanagan wrote with Jonathan Belman. 15m04s: More info about psychological distance. 16m16s: Gil is referring to Ludology 213.5 - The Incan Gold Experiment, run by Dr. Stephen Blessing and research assistant Elena Sakosky. (Gil refers to the game from the original European release's name, Diamant, but it was released in English as Incan Gold.) 19m51s: For a longer discussion on what "fun" means in a game, and on a deeper level, how games create meaning, check out Ludology 201 - Are We Having Fun Yet? 21m20s: More info on the party game Buffalo. 24m14s: More info on social identity complexity 26m13s: More info on the party game Awkward Moment. 31m10s: For more discussion on board games and colonialism, check out Ludology Episode 197 - Empires Up in Arms. For more information about the effects of "terra nullius" in board games, check out this article from Nancy Foasberg. 32m26s: "Failed Games: Lessons Learned from Promising but Problematic Game Prototypes in Designing for Diversity," by Dr. Flanagan, Max Seidman, and Geoff Kaufman. 34m15s: Dr. Lawrence Summers, president of Harvard University, has suggested that biological differences could explain why there were fewer women in science. 36m18s: More info about Blokus. 39m39s: More info on the strategy game Monarch. 40m04s: Dr. Flanagan's book (with co-author Helen Nissenbaum) Values at Play. 40m18s: Here are some articles on Will Wright and Chris Trottier. 45m12s: More info on This War of Mine: The Board Game and Freedom: The Underground Railroad. 49m05s: More info on Dr. Flanagan's art, including giantJoystick. 50m40s: Gabriel Orozco's Horses Running Endlessly. 51m48s: Dr. Flanagan's paper, with Sukdith Punjasthitkul and Geoff Kaufman, on "Social Loafing." 54m53s: The article in question is "The Mechanical Muse," published in The New Yorker on January 7, 2020. 56m28s: Here's an article in Wired on the paper in question, in which large collections of photos used to train image-recognition software - including one used by Google and Microsoft - were found to amplify exisiting biases. 57m15s: In 2015, Google apologized for their facial recognition software mislabeling Black people as "gorillas." 57m42s: More info about Reload: Rethinking Women and Cyberculture. 58m49s: The story here is "No Woman Born," by C.L. Moore. 1h03m31s: The show will be called "Gameplay: Video Game Culture," at the CCCB in Barcelona, Spain. 1h04m07s: "Max" is Max Seidman, game designer at Resonym and frequent collaborator with Dr. Flanagan. 1h05m41s: We've covered the lightweight interactive fiction platform Twine before on the show, most notably on Ludology 217 - What IF?
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Emma and Gil welcome accomplished designer Cole Wehrle, designer of Root, Oath, and Pax Pamir (Second Edition), back to the show (Cole previously appeared on Ludology 163 - A Pain in the Asymmetry). We discuss fairness in games. Has it been around for as long as we think it has? What can an "unfair" game do that other games can't? Cole is a staff designer at Leder Games, and co-founded Wehrlegig Games with his brother Drew. SHOW NOTES 2m18s: You can watch Cole's GDC talk here. 12m02s: Learn more about Twilight Imperium (this is the most recent version, but there were previous versions with slightly different rulesets) 13m52s: Learn more about Memoir '44. 14m25s: Learn more about Scythe. 16m04s: Learn more about Blood Rage and Sushi Go! 19m30s: Gil remembers a bunch of Viking games in the mid-aughts. One of the biggest was Michael Kiesling's Vikings, whose gameplay, while clever, did little to evoke actual Vikings. 22m41s: The book Strike Four was recommended to me by Dennis Goodman, who is himself a baseball historian and rules expert, and has written a streamlined rulebook for the sport. 24m16s: The book Cole refers to is The Games Ethic and Imperialism (Sport in the Global Society) by J. A. Mangan. 25m14s: I'm referring to the book The Ball is Round: A Global History of Soccer/Football, by David Goldblatt. The exact title depends on if you buy the US or UK version; this link is to the US version. 27m07s: Cole refers to the book Making England Western, by Saree Makdisi. 27m33s: Thomas Arnold was headmaster of Rugby School from 1828, and was influential in reforming the British public school system. Tom Brown's School Days was written by Thomas Hughes and published in 1857, and popularized British public schools as a literary setting. 28m11s: If you're curious, here is the official 2019 NFL rulebook. If your eyes aren't crossed yet, here is the official 2019 MLB rulebook (though note Dennis Goodman's streamlined take on the rules of baseball, mentioned above). And to finish you off, here is the official ICC web page on all the Playing Conditions of every form of cricket (although to be fair, they have to handle all three major forms of the game - imagine if the NFL rulebook had to account for Canadian and Arena Football as well!) Side note: I also checked out the official Laws of World Rugby Union, and I was stunned to see how clearly-written they were! They are made to be read by a layperson, not a lawyer, and come with many video examples of rule violations. 30m42s: This is a good time to remind you to check out Scott Rogers' Biography of a Board Game last week for The Game of the Goose. It's not technically a Victorian board game - no one knows how old it is - but it's the template for many Victorian parlor games. (I wish we could say we planned these episodes to run consecutively, but it was just a happy coincidence!) 32m08s: We're discussing The Landlord's Game, by Elizabeth Magie (interestingly, Hasbro still does not officially acknowledge Magie's role in the creation of Monopoly, perhaps for legal reasons) 32m56s: More like 150-175 years old, really. Most sports rules began getting formally codified in the mid-19th century (though cricket had already started getting codified in the 18th century). 33m14s: The Eton Wall Game is still played today. And yes, there's video of it! Note that Eton has a second code of football, the Eton Field Game, which is closer to soccer, but still contains many elements found in rugby. There's a video of the Eton Field Game here. 36m34s: Cole is referring to Bernie De Koven and his book The Well-Played Game. He also refers to the games Acquire and Caylus. 37m23s: To Emma's point, Prussian college professor Johann Christian Ludwig Hellwig invented the first wargame in 1780, but it was Kriegsspiel, designed by Prussian nobleman George Leopold von Reisswitz in 1812 and refined by his soldier son Georg Heinrich Rudolf Johann von Reisswitz in 1824, that introduced realism and verisimilitude into the form. Note that these wargames were designed more for military training than recreation. 37m43s: H.G. Wells, who wrote many seminal science-fiction novels like The Time Machine, The Island of Doctor Moreau, The Invisible Man, and The War of the Worlds, was also a game designer. In his books Floor Games and Little Wars, he establishes rules for the first recreational wargames. (Also, the idea of games solving world problems is still alive, most notably by Jane McGonigal in her book Reality is Broken.) 38m53s: Alexander Pope's classic (albeit somewhat overly-dramatically-named) poem The Rape of the Lock. Read it here. 39m58s: Roger Caillois' Man, Play and Games, written in 1961, probably deserves its own episode. 42m00s: Hare and Tortoise is, of course, the first Spiel des Jahres winner. (On a related note, Scott's Biography of a Board Game about Eurogames is a really good listen on this subject.) Cole then mentions Die Macher and Catan. 46m20s: I did not come up with this "roll a die at the end of a game of Chess to see who wins" thought experiment, but I can't remember where I read it! Maybe Characteristics of Games? 47m29s: Relevant quote from Mike Selinker from Ludology 189 - Missing Selinker: "Frustration is a valuable, positive thing up to a point. You’ve just got to know where the table flip is." 48m08s: Cole is kind enough to mention Gil's forthcoming game High Rise after playing it at GDC 2019. Cole gave his talk on defending kingmaking; Gil gave his talk on how indirect interaction in games can be good. 52m21s: More info about Descent, Dark Venture, and Tomb. 59m30s: More info about Byzantine themes. 1h04m44s: More info about Liberté. 1h06m36s: More info about The History of Rome podcast. 1h08m58s: The political compass of Root, as suggested by Reddit user u/orionsbelt05.
It's annoying, but it's real. Sometimes ladies get the shaft. Amy discusses Lizzie Magie and her economic board game The Landlord's Game. Shelby covers Margaret Keane and her Big Eyes paintings. Sit back and try not to break a pencil in half.
Episode 42: In this week’s episode, learn about Georgism, LVTs, the Law of Rent, the spread of ideas, and how the idea for the world’s most popular (and most hated) board game was stolen from a Midwestern Quaker woman.
Comedians Dave Anthony and Gareth Reynolds examine, Elizabeth Magie, the woman who invented The Landlord's Game and what became of it. antimonopoly.comSOURCESTOUR DATESREDBUBBLE MERCH
Which city of Alabama was one of the properties on the 1910 version of the board game The Landlord's Game, a precursor of Monopoly? It is the city of Fairhope, originally a single tax town and home of the Jubilee. Be a part of our community - be a patron Alabama Pioneers comments - info@alabamapioneers.com
What kind of capitalist are you? Did you play Monopoly for hours with your family in hopes of owning all the land and hoarding all the money? Guess what? That's not how the game was originally meant to be played. And remember the sweet story of the inventor of Monopoly, Charles Darrow, a poor man, destitute and desperate to support his wife and children on a lowly electrician's salary-only to come to amazing riches once he invented and sold the exciting game of Monopoly to the Parker Brothers monopoly? That's not how the game was originally invented either. It was all the works of the brilliant Lizzie Magie, who owned the patent for the Landlord's Game-the original monopoly game, which by the way included the anti-monopoly version. Join us for the tale of Lizzie, a woman who is very likely related to Beth, and a woman who said one of our most favorite quotes ever, "I'm glad I was taught how to think, not what to think." Enjoy our 22nd episode and we'll take Atlantic Avenue, with a couple of little green houses. Theme music: Resting Place by A Cast of Thousands Cite Your Sources Man... Anspach, Mark. Anti-Monoploy Inc. Anti-Monopoly Inc. 2015-2016. Dodson, Edward J. "The True History of the Monopoly Game" Henrygeorge.org. Henry George Institute. 2017 Pilon, Mary. The monopolists: obsession, fury, and the scandal behind the worlds favorite board game. Bloomsbury, 2016. Pilon, Mary. "Monopoly's Inventor: The Progressive Who Did Not Pass Go." The New York Times. Feb. 13, 2015. https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/15/business/behind-monopoly-an-inventor-who-didnt-pass-go.html?rref=collection%2Fbyline%2Fmary-pilon&action=click&contentCollection=undefined®ion=stream&module=stream_unit&version=latest&contentPlacement=4&pgtype=collection
What do game design and education design have to say to each other? How about larp and VR? Larpwright and academic Evan Torner joins us to talk uncertainty, ideology, transparency, and other fun things hiding in your games. Evan's website Evan on twitter Evan's talk on Teaching German Literature Through Larp Eirik Fatland What's a "nanogame?" Goethe's "The Sorrows of Young Werther" Larps from the Factory The #Feminism Nanogames Anthology The Golden Cobra Challenge What's "Jeepform?" DiGRA Ernest Hemmingway's "The Old Man and the Sea" Dante's Inferno, from The Divine Comedy Dante's Inferno, the video game Robin D. Laws' "Hamet's Hit Points" Mary Flanagan Ian Bogost Lizzie Magie's "The Landlord's Game" The Wyrd Con Companion Books Greg Costikyan's "Uncertainty in Games" Inside Hamlet Treasure Trapped Darkon Uber Goober Delirium College of Wizardry EVE Online Undertale Slayer Cake (and many more!) Analog Game Studies Gone Home
Monopoly, arguably the most-famous board game, was invented by Charles Darrow. But many attribute the original idea to Lizzie Magie, a Quaker and the creator of the Landlord's Game, which bears... The latest in science, culture, and history from Smithsonian Channel.