Podcasts about prussian

This week on "50 Weeks That Shaped America," we're headed to the winter of 1777-1778 and the strategic retreat by the Continental Army to Valley Forge, PA. Over the course of that winter, George Washington worked to turn the army from a group of ragtag militias into a unified force -- all with the help of a mysterious Prussian general. Jody, Niki, and Kellie discuss how Valley Forge was effectively a pop-up city, and how it reflected what would come in an independent United States.Join our America250 newsletter community! Subscribe for free to get the latest news and analysis of how America250 is playing out. Paying subscribers get access to early, ad-free versions of the show. Plus bonus features throughout the year. To support our work and get access to everything, subscribe now.This Day is a proud member of Radiotopia from PRX.Your support helps foster independent, artist-owned podcasts and award-winning stories.If you want to support the show directly, you can do so on our website: ThisDayPod.comGet in touch if you have any ideas for future topics, or just want to say hello. Follow us on social @thisdaypodOur team: Jacob Feldman, Researcher/Producer; Khawla Nakua, Transcripts; music by Teen Daze and Blue Dot Sessions; Audrey Mardavich is our Executive Producer at Radiotopia. Learn about your ad choices: dovetail.prx.org/ad-choices

Welcome to Heart of the Matter Radio/Podcast. This week we remember a Lioness, Paula Bonhoeffer. She loved her children well and educated them at home rather than entrust them to the Prussian government schools. She gave Dietrich the grit to stand up to a dictator. This week, I sat down with a modern-day Paula, Mavian Arocha-Rowe, who also homeschools. We are bridging the gap between Paula's 1917 kitchen and our living rooms today. How do we raise kids who aren't afraid to stand alone? Listen in for a conversation on faith, homeshool, and grit.

This episode from the Pacific War Channel podcast, hosted by Craig with co-host Gaurav and guest Simone, dives into the European theater of the Seven Years War (1758-1760), focusing on Frederick the Great's struggles against overwhelming Austrian, Russian, and French coalitions. It covers key battles and strategies, starting with the disastrous Prussian siege of Olmütz, thwarted by Austrian ambushes at Domstad, leading to heavy supply losses. The narrative shifts to the Hanoverian front, where Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick's allied forces repel French advances at Crefeld. The brutal Battle of Zorndorf sees Prussians clash with Russians in a bloody stalemate, highlighting Russian ferocity. Frederick suffers a major setback at Hochkirch due to Austrian surprise attacks under Field Marshal Daun, losing commanders like Keith. The episode escalates with Kunersdorf, a Pyrrhic Prussian victory against Russo-Austrian forces, costing Frederick dearly in men and morale. It also touches on failed French invasion plans against Britain, naval defeats at Lagos and Quiberon Bay, and smaller clashes like Liegnitz and Torgau, where Prussian resilience shines despite attrition. The discussion emphasizes Frederick's tactical genius amid resource strain, coalition disunity, and the war's grinding toll, with vivid maps and bios of figures like Daun and Seydlitz enhancing the storytelling. Overall, it portrays a war of attrition testing Prussia's limits.   Check out the Video format at: https://youtu.be/5Quhfgs90OY

This week on Mel & Floyd: Investing in Prussian war bonds; Remembering The Addams Family & other vintage TV shows; Voter fraud uncovered! [the Melania movie might actually be even worse];  trump posts racist meme [in other news, water is wet]; Melania jokes on theater marquees;  And other random topics; Notice something missing?  For the complete Mel and Floyd Experience, buy the CD “The Very Best of James Brown” and play it on your Hi-Fi while listening to this podcast!  Or listen live at 89.9 FM or wortfm.org/listen-live/ every Friday from 1 to 2 PM Central Time. Photo courtesy Robert Sciberras on Unsplash Did you enjoy this story? Your funding makes great, local journalism like this possible. Donate hereThe post Time to Yank the Rug Out appeared first on WORT-FM 89.9.

fWotD Episode 3196: Friedrich Wilhelm von Seydlitz Welcome to featured Wiki of the Day, your daily dose of knowledge from Wikipedia's finest articles.The featured article for Tuesday, 3 February 2026, is Friedrich Wilhelm von Seydlitz.Friedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von Seydlitz (3 February 1721 – 8 November 1773) was a Prussian officer, lieutenant general, and among the most renowned of the Prussian cavalry generals. He commanded one of the first Hussar squadrons of Frederick the Great's army and is credited with the development of the Prussian cavalry to its efficient level of performance in the Seven Years' War. His cavalryman father retired and then died while Seydlitz was still young. Subsequently, he was mentored by Frederick William, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt. Seydlitz's superb horsemanship and his recklessness combined to make him a stand-out subaltern, and he emerged as a redoubtable Rittmeister (cavalry captain) in the War of Austrian Succession (1740–1748) during the First and Second Silesian Wars.Seydlitz became legendary throughout the Prussian Army both for his leadership and for his reckless courage. During the Seven Years' War, he came into his own as a cavalry general, known for his coup d'œil, his ability to assess at a glance the entire battlefield situation and to understand intuitively what needed to be done: he excelled at converting the king's directives into flexible tactics. At the Battle of Rossbach, his cavalry was instrumental in routing the French and Imperial armies. His cavalry subsequently played an important role in crushing the Habsburg and Imperial left flank at the Battle of Leuthen. Seydlitz was wounded in battle several times. After the Battle of Kunersdorf in August 1759, he semi-retired to recover from his wounds, charged with the protection of the city of Berlin. He was not healthy enough to campaign again until 1761.Frederick rewarded him with Order of the Black Eagle on the field after the Battle of Rossbach; he had already received the Pour le Mérite for his action at the Battle of Kolin. Although estranged from Frederick for several years, the two were reconciled during Seydlitz's final illness. Seydlitz died in 1773, and Frederick's heirs included his name on the equestrian statue of Frederick the Great in Berlin, in a place of honor.This recording reflects the Wikipedia text as of 00:09 UTC on Tuesday, 3 February 2026.For the full current version of the article, see Friedrich Wilhelm von Seydlitz on Wikipedia.This podcast uses content from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Visit our archives at wikioftheday.com and subscribe to stay updated on new episodes.Follow us on Bluesky at @wikioftheday.com.Also check out Curmudgeon's Corner, a current events podcast.Until next time, I'm standard Russell.

#757 Are you learning the right way? In Module 1: Lesson 3 of the Build My Money Machine program, host Justin Williams pulls back the curtain on the origins of our modern education system — and how it was never designed to produce entrepreneurs! From Prussian classrooms to Rockefeller's vision for obedient workers, Justin traces how we've been trained to follow rules instead of chase dreams. More importantly, he shows how breaking free from this conditioning and learning through action is the key to building real wealth today. If you're tired of waiting for permission to pursue your goals, this is your wake-up call! (Check out ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Lesson 1⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ and ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Lesson 2⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠!) (Original Air Date - 5/30/25) What Justin discusses on today's episode: + Origins of the Prussian school system + Why formal education trains workers + Rockefeller's role in shaping U.S. schooling + The cost vs. value of college + Learning by doing vs. passive learning + Reframing business as a fun game + Breaking generational conditioning + Why most people aren't taught to build wealth + Embracing failure as essential learning + Taking ownership of your own success Watch the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠video podcast⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ of this episode! Did you love this series? Listen to the ⁠⁠10 Secrets of the Millionaire Mind⁠⁠ next! Ready to create a 7-figure business of your own? Go to ⁠⁠⁠BuildMyMoneyMachine.com⁠⁠⁠ to get started today! To get access to our FREE Business Training course go to ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠MillionaireUniversity.com/training⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠.⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ To get exclusive offers mentioned in this episode and to support the show, visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠millionaireuniversity.com/sponsors⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this engaging podcast from the Pacific War Channel, hosts Craig and Gaurav, joined by guest Simon, dive into the European theater of the Seven Years War (1756-1763). They explore the diplomatic revolution that reshaped alliances: Prussia aligns with Britain against Austria, France, Russia, and Sweden. Frederick the Great's aggressive invasion of Saxony sparks the conflict, driven by his seizure of Silesia and fears of encirclement. The discussion covers the evolution of 18th-century warfare, from pike-and-musket formations to disciplined line infantry, flintlock muskets, and improved artillery, emphasizing mobility over sieges. Key battles are analyzed: Lobositz (1756), a tactical draw highlighting Austrian artillery; Prague (1757), a costly Prussian victory leading to a siege; Kolin (1757), a disastrous defeat for Frederick, shattering his aura of invincibility; Rossbach (1757), a brilliant rout of French-Imperial forces restoring Prussian morale; and Leuthen (1757), Frederick's masterpiece of maneuver, defeating a larger Austrian army through oblique order and flanking. The hosts highlight Frederick's resilience amid suicidal despair, his innovative tactics, and the war's attrition. Russian invasions of East Prussia and French advances on Hanover add pressure, but Prussian discipline prevails. The episode underscores the war's global scale, with morale swings and strategic blunders shaping outcomes, setting up colonial theaters in future parts.

You can send a text, include contact info to get a response. There is a commonplace, dismissive, reductive argument you will hear all the time.  That napoleon stood no chance.  Even if he had triumphed on the field at Waterloo, as in some ways he really could have.  The forces arrayed against him were so massive he had really no hope.  A huge Austrian and German army was coming in from the Rhine, in addition to the British army with its line of communications through Brussels and the Prussians with their line of communications further east.  And a truly massive Russian force was gathering at Wurzberg.Napoleon was strategically outnumbered 5:1.  He could triumph for a day, for a battle, for a campaign perhaps.  But the advantages of the French army, high quality leadership, the elan of its men, were just not so marked as they had been in the past.  His own genius and energy was more fitful now that he was older.  There was really no hope of French military triumph.So that's the common historical analysis you will see everywhere, in everything 21st century, and it is not wrong.  But step in a little closer and there are a number of fascinating elements.  Like, who is really the Legitimate ruler in France?  

Professor Michael Epkenhans describes how Otto von Bismarck's adroit use of war, realpolitik and the harnessing all levers of state power unified the German nation. Otto von Bismarck, Prussian Chancellor and – after 1871 – the leading political figure of the Second German Empire after the Kaiser, hated to be bullied but managed to manipulate and bully all around him into following his complex strategic plan. This involved not only keeping German democrats at bay but also Denmark, Austria, and France. Tricking Denmark and France into breaking conventions and declaring war on Prussia and its allies respectively, he got the other German states to close ranks and back the Prussian claim for leadership in a newly united German State. By putting Prussia on the defensive, the other European great powers – the United Kingdom and Russia – did not intervene, even though the emergent German superstate changed the balance of powers in Europe. Stopping short of aiming for overseas territories, taking on the role of the honest broker of the quarrels among others, Bismarck avoided pushing Britain and Russia over the brink into coalescing against Germany – which his immoderate successors did not. We are joined by Michael Epkenhans, Beatrice Heuser's successor as Director of Research at the Bundeswehr's Military History Research Office, and specialist on 19th century German and Prussian history.

In this episode of the Crazy Wisdom Podcast, host Stewart Alsop interviews Aurelio Gialluca, an economist and full stack data professional who works across finance, retail, and AI as both a data engineer and machine learning developer, while also exploring human consciousness and psychology. Their wide-ranging conversation covers the intersection of science and psychology, the unique cultural characteristics that make Argentina a haven for eccentrics (drawing parallels to the United States), and how Argentine culture has produced globally influential figures from Borges to Maradona to Che Guevara. They explore the current AI landscape as a "centralizing force" creating cultural homogenization (particularly evident in LinkedIn's cookie-cutter content), discuss the potential futures of AI development from dystopian surveillance states to anarchic chaos, and examine how Argentina's emotionally mature, non-linear communication style might offer insights for navigating technological change. The conversation concludes with Gialluca describing his ambitious project to build a custom water-cooled workstation with industrial-grade processors for his quantitative hedge fund, highlighting the practical challenges of heat management and the recent tripling of RAM prices due to market consolidation.Timestams00:00 Exploring the Intersection of Psychology and Science02:55 Cultural Eccentricity: Argentina vs. the United States05:36 The Influence of Religion on National Identity08:50 The Unique Argentine Cultural Landscape11:49 Soft Power and Cultural Influence14:48 Political Figures and Their Cultural Impact17:50 The Role of Sports in Shaping National Identity20:49 The Evolution of Argentine Music and Subcultures23:41 AI and the Future of Cultural Dynamics26:47 Navigating the Chaos of AI in Culture33:50 Equilibrating Society for a Sustainable Future35:10 The Patchwork Age: Decentralization and Society35:56 The Impact of AI on Human Connection38:06 Individualism vs. Collective Rules in Society39:26 The Future of AI and Global Regulations40:16 Biotechnology: The Next Frontier42:19 Building a Personal AI Lab45:51 Tiers of AI Labs: From Personal to Industrial48:35 Mathematics and AI: The Foundation of Innovation52:12 Stochastic Models and Predictive Analytics55:47 Building a Supercomputer: Hardware InsightsKey Insights1. Argentina's Cultural Exceptionalism and Emotional Maturity: Argentina stands out globally for allowing eccentrics to flourish and having a non-linear communication style that Gialluca describes as "non-monotonous systems." Argentines can joke profoundly and be eccentric while simultaneously being completely organized and straightforward, demonstrating high emotional intelligence and maturity that comes from their unique cultural blend of European romanticism and Latino lightheartedness.2. Argentina as an Underrecognized Cultural Superpower: Despite being introverted about their achievements, Argentina produces an enormous amount of global culture through music, literature, and iconic figures like Borges, Maradona, Messi, and Che Guevara. These cultural exports have shaped entire generations worldwide, with Argentina "stealing the thunder" from other nations and creating lasting soft power influence that people don't fully recognize as Argentine.3. AI's Cultural Impact Follows Oscillating Patterns: Culture operates as a dynamic system that oscillates between centralization and decentralization like a sine wave. AI currently represents a massive centralizing force, as seen in LinkedIn's homogenized content, but this will inevitably trigger a decentralization phase. The speed of this cultural transformation has accelerated dramatically, with changes that once took generations now happening in years.4. The Coming Bifurcation of AI Futures: Gialluca identifies two extreme possible endpoints for AI development: complete centralized control (the "Mordor" scenario with total surveillance) or complete chaos where everyone has access to dangerous capabilities like creating weapons or viruses. Finding a middle path between these extremes is essential for society's survival, requiring careful equilibrium between accessibility and safety.5. Individual AI Labs Are Becoming Democratically Accessible: Gialluca outlines a tier system for AI capabilities, where individuals can now build "tier one" labs capable of fine-tuning models and processing massive datasets for tens of thousands of dollars. This democratization means that capabilities once requiring teams of PhD scientists can now be achieved by dedicated individuals, fundamentally changing the landscape of AI development and access.6. Hardware Constraints Are the New Limiting Factor: While AI capabilities are rapidly advancing, practical implementation is increasingly constrained by hardware availability and cost. RAM prices have tripled in recent months, and the challenge of managing enormous heat output from powerful processors requires sophisticated cooling systems. These physical limitations are becoming the primary bottleneck for individual AI development.7. Data Quality Over Quantity Is the Critical Challenge: The main bottleneck for AI advancement is no longer energy or GPUs, but high-quality data for training. Early data labeling efforts produced poor results because labelers lacked domain expertise. The future lies in reinforcement learning (RL) environments where AI systems can generate their own high-quality training data, representing a fundamental shift in how AI systems learn and develop.

fWotD Episode 3162: Tarrare Welcome to featured Wiki of the Day, your daily dose of knowledge from Wikipedia's finest articles.The featured article for Wednesday, 31 December 2025, is Tarrare.Tarrare (French: [taʁaʁ]; c. 1772 – 1798), sometimes spelt Tarar, was a French showman, soldier, and spy noted for his unusual appetite and eating habits. Able to eat vast amounts of meat, he was constantly hungry; his parents could not provide for him and he was turned out of the family home as a teenager. He travelled around France in the company of a band of prostitutes and thieves before becoming the warm-up act for a travelling charlatan. In this act, he swallowed corks, stones, live animals, and a whole basketful of apples. He then took this act to Paris where he worked as a street performer.At the start of the War of the First Coalition, Tarrare joined the French Revolutionary Army, where even quadrupling the standard military ration was unable to satisfy his large appetite. He ate any available food from gutters and rubbish heaps but his condition still deteriorated through hunger. He was hospitalised due to exhaustion and became the subject of a series of medical experiments to test his eating capacity, in which, among other things, he ate a meal intended for 15 people in a single sitting, ate live cats, snakes, lizards, and puppies, and swallowed eels whole without chewing. Despite his unusual diet, he was underweight and, except for his eating habits, showed no signs of mental illness other than what was described as an apathetic temperament.General Alexandre de Beauharnais decided to put Tarrare's abilities to military use, and employed him as a courier for the French army, with the intention that he would swallow documents, pass through enemy lines, and recover them from his stool once safely at his destination. On his first mission, he was captured by Prussian forces, severely beaten, and subjected to a mock execution before being returned to French lines.Chastened by this experience, he agreed to submit to any procedure that might cure his appetite. The procedures failed, and doctors could not keep him on a controlled diet; he snuck out of the hospital to scavenge for offal in gutters, rubbish heaps and outside butchers' shops, and attempted to drink the blood of other patients in the hospital while they were bloodletting and to eat the corpses in the hospital's morgue. After being suspected of eating a one-year-old toddler, he was ejected from the hospital. He re-appeared four years later in Versailles with a case of severe tuberculosis and died shortly afterwards, following a lengthy bout of exudative diarrhoea.This recording reflects the Wikipedia text as of 00:31 UTC on Wednesday, 31 December 2025.For the full current version of the article, see Tarrare on Wikipedia.This podcast uses content from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Visit our archives at wikioftheday.com and subscribe to stay updated on new episodes.Follow us on Mastodon at @wikioftheday@masto.ai.Also check out Curmudgeon's Corner, a current events podcast.Until next time, I'm generative Kajal.

TIANANMEN SQUARE AND THE UNMASKING OF THE COMMUNIST PROJECT Colleague Professor Sean McMeekin. The conversation begins with the 1989 Tiananmen Square massacre, framed not as an anomaly but as the definitive "unmasking" of the communist regime. While the protests initially gathered to mourn reformer Hu Yaobangand coincided with Gorbachev's visit, the subsequent violence revealed that political brutality, rather than popular sovereignty, is the essence of the communist project. Professor McMeekin argues that Tiananmen stripped away the pretense of the "consent of the governed," proving the regime relied entirely on raw force. The discussion traces the origins of this ideology to Karl Marx, a Prussian philosopher influenced by Hegel. McMeekin posits that Marx was primarily a "wordsmith" who viewed history as an abstract binary struggle between oppressors and the oppressed, treating communism as a philosophical "word game" rather than serious economic theory. NUMBER 1 1945 MOSCOW

POLITICS, WAR, AND THE REPUBLICAN SPIRIT OF THE IMPRESSIONISTS Colleague Sebastian Smee. Édouard Manet was a passionate Republican who loathed the authoritarian rule of Napoleon III, a sentiment rooted in his witnessing the 1848 uprising and his travels to Rio where he saw the horrors of slavery. His political activism influenced the Impressionist circle, who were all Republicans. Manet frequented cafés to discuss politics with figures like Léon Gambetta, a moderate Republican leader navigating the tensions between monarchists and radicals. The group's optimism was tested by the Franco-Prussian War of 1870; following the Emperor's defeat at Sedan, a Republic was declared, but Paris was soon besieged by Prussian troops. The war touched the artists directly: the painter Bazille died in combat, and Alfred Sisley painted landscapes on the banks of the Seine that had recently been bloody battlefields, creating art that contemporaries recognized as scenes of trauma. NUMBER 3

THE RISE OF THE PARIS COMMUNE FOLLOWING THE SIEGE Colleague Sebastian Smee. By March 1871, following a winter of starvation where Parisians ate rats and zoo animals, the city's radical Republicans revolted against the provisional government. The radicals, frustrated by the government's failure to break the Prussian siege and the subsequent humiliating surrender terms, seized cannons and established the Commune. This new government aimed for localized, democratic control but was viewed by the national government, now retreated to Versailles under Adolphe Thiers, as an insurrection. The Commune was libertarian and progressive but faced immediate isolation. Having survived the Prussian siege, the Communards now found themselves besieged by French government forces, setting the stage for a brutal civil conflict where the "brother fought brother" narrative of the 19th century would reach a violent climax. NUMBER 4 1890

Immanuel Kant is undoubtedly the most important philosopher of the modern era. His Critique of Pure Reason, “categorical imperative,” and conception of perpetual peace in the global order decisively influenced both intellectual history and twentieth-century politics, shaping everything from the German Constitution to the United Nations Charter. Renowned philosopher Marcus Willaschek explains why, three centuries after Kant's birth, his reflections on democracy, beauty, nature, morality, and the limits of human knowledge remain so profoundly relevant. Weaving biographical and historical context together with exposition of key ideas, Willaschek emphasizes three central features of Kant's theory and method. First, Kant combines seemingly incompatible positions to show how their insights can be reconciled. Second, he demonstrates that it is not only human thinking that must adjust to the realities of the world; the world must also be fitted to the structures of our thinking. Finally, he overcomes the traditional opposition between thought and action by putting theory at the service of practice. In Kant: A Revolution in Thinking (Harvard UP, 2025), even readers having no prior acquaintance with Kant's ideas or with philosophy generally will find an adroit introduction to the Prussian polymath's oeuvre, beginning with his political arguments, expanding to his moral theory, and finally moving to his more abstract considerations of natural science, epistemology, and metaphysics. Along the way, Kant himself emerges from beneath his famed works, revealing a magnetic personality, a clever ironist, and a man deeply engaged with his contemporary world. Marcus Willaschek is Professor of Philosophy at Goethe University, Frankfurt, and a member of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Science, where he is responsible for the German standard edition of Kant's works. The author of four books, he is also coeditor of the three-volume Kant-Lexikon. Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/a48266/videos Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Immanuel Kant is undoubtedly the most important philosopher of the modern era. His Critique of Pure Reason, “categorical imperative,” and conception of perpetual peace in the global order decisively influenced both intellectual history and twentieth-century politics, shaping everything from the German Constitution to the United Nations Charter. Renowned philosopher Marcus Willaschek explains why, three centuries after Kant's birth, his reflections on democracy, beauty, nature, morality, and the limits of human knowledge remain so profoundly relevant. Weaving biographical and historical context together with exposition of key ideas, Willaschek emphasizes three central features of Kant's theory and method. First, Kant combines seemingly incompatible positions to show how their insights can be reconciled. Second, he demonstrates that it is not only human thinking that must adjust to the realities of the world; the world must also be fitted to the structures of our thinking. Finally, he overcomes the traditional opposition between thought and action by putting theory at the service of practice. In Kant: A Revolution in Thinking (Harvard UP, 2025), even readers having no prior acquaintance with Kant's ideas or with philosophy generally will find an adroit introduction to the Prussian polymath's oeuvre, beginning with his political arguments, expanding to his moral theory, and finally moving to his more abstract considerations of natural science, epistemology, and metaphysics. Along the way, Kant himself emerges from beneath his famed works, revealing a magnetic personality, a clever ironist, and a man deeply engaged with his contemporary world. Marcus Willaschek is Professor of Philosophy at Goethe University, Frankfurt, and a member of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Science, where he is responsible for the German standard edition of Kant's works. The author of four books, he is also coeditor of the three-volume Kant-Lexikon. Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/a48266/videos Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/critical-theory

Immanuel Kant is undoubtedly the most important philosopher of the modern era. His Critique of Pure Reason, “categorical imperative,” and conception of perpetual peace in the global order decisively influenced both intellectual history and twentieth-century politics, shaping everything from the German Constitution to the United Nations Charter. Renowned philosopher Marcus Willaschek explains why, three centuries after Kant's birth, his reflections on democracy, beauty, nature, morality, and the limits of human knowledge remain so profoundly relevant. Weaving biographical and historical context together with exposition of key ideas, Willaschek emphasizes three central features of Kant's theory and method. First, Kant combines seemingly incompatible positions to show how their insights can be reconciled. Second, he demonstrates that it is not only human thinking that must adjust to the realities of the world; the world must also be fitted to the structures of our thinking. Finally, he overcomes the traditional opposition between thought and action by putting theory at the service of practice. In Kant: A Revolution in Thinking (Harvard UP, 2025), even readers having no prior acquaintance with Kant's ideas or with philosophy generally will find an adroit introduction to the Prussian polymath's oeuvre, beginning with his political arguments, expanding to his moral theory, and finally moving to his more abstract considerations of natural science, epistemology, and metaphysics. Along the way, Kant himself emerges from beneath his famed works, revealing a magnetic personality, a clever ironist, and a man deeply engaged with his contemporary world. Marcus Willaschek is Professor of Philosophy at Goethe University, Frankfurt, and a member of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Science, where he is responsible for the German standard edition of Kant's works. The author of four books, he is also coeditor of the three-volume Kant-Lexikon. Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/a48266/videos Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/biography

Immanuel Kant is undoubtedly the most important philosopher of the modern era. His Critique of Pure Reason, “categorical imperative,” and conception of perpetual peace in the global order decisively influenced both intellectual history and twentieth-century politics, shaping everything from the German Constitution to the United Nations Charter. Renowned philosopher Marcus Willaschek explains why, three centuries after Kant's birth, his reflections on democracy, beauty, nature, morality, and the limits of human knowledge remain so profoundly relevant. Weaving biographical and historical context together with exposition of key ideas, Willaschek emphasizes three central features of Kant's theory and method. First, Kant combines seemingly incompatible positions to show how their insights can be reconciled. Second, he demonstrates that it is not only human thinking that must adjust to the realities of the world; the world must also be fitted to the structures of our thinking. Finally, he overcomes the traditional opposition between thought and action by putting theory at the service of practice. In Kant: A Revolution in Thinking (Harvard UP, 2025), even readers having no prior acquaintance with Kant's ideas or with philosophy generally will find an adroit introduction to the Prussian polymath's oeuvre, beginning with his political arguments, expanding to his moral theory, and finally moving to his more abstract considerations of natural science, epistemology, and metaphysics. Along the way, Kant himself emerges from beneath his famed works, revealing a magnetic personality, a clever ironist, and a man deeply engaged with his contemporary world. Marcus Willaschek is Professor of Philosophy at Goethe University, Frankfurt, and a member of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Science, where he is responsible for the German standard edition of Kant's works. The author of four books, he is also coeditor of the three-volume Kant-Lexikon. Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/a48266/videos Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/intellectual-history

Immanuel Kant is undoubtedly the most important philosopher of the modern era. His Critique of Pure Reason, “categorical imperative,” and conception of perpetual peace in the global order decisively influenced both intellectual history and twentieth-century politics, shaping everything from the German Constitution to the United Nations Charter. Renowned philosopher Marcus Willaschek explains why, three centuries after Kant's birth, his reflections on democracy, beauty, nature, morality, and the limits of human knowledge remain so profoundly relevant. Weaving biographical and historical context together with exposition of key ideas, Willaschek emphasizes three central features of Kant's theory and method. First, Kant combines seemingly incompatible positions to show how their insights can be reconciled. Second, he demonstrates that it is not only human thinking that must adjust to the realities of the world; the world must also be fitted to the structures of our thinking. Finally, he overcomes the traditional opposition between thought and action by putting theory at the service of practice. In Kant: A Revolution in Thinking (Harvard UP, 2025), even readers having no prior acquaintance with Kant's ideas or with philosophy generally will find an adroit introduction to the Prussian polymath's oeuvre, beginning with his political arguments, expanding to his moral theory, and finally moving to his more abstract considerations of natural science, epistemology, and metaphysics. Along the way, Kant himself emerges from beneath his famed works, revealing a magnetic personality, a clever ironist, and a man deeply engaged with his contemporary world. Marcus Willaschek is Professor of Philosophy at Goethe University, Frankfurt, and a member of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Science, where he is responsible for the German standard edition of Kant's works. The author of four books, he is also coeditor of the three-volume Kant-Lexikon. Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/a48266/videos Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/book-of-the-day

SHOW 12-22-25 THE SHOW BEGINS WITH DOUBTS ABOUT FUTURE NAVY. 1941 HICKAM FIELD 1. Restoring Naval Autonomy: Arguments for Separating the Navy from DoD. Tom Modly argues the Navy is an "underperforming asset" within the Defense Department's corporate structure, similar to how Fiat Chrysler successfully spun off Ferrari. He suggests the Navy needs independence to address critical shipbuilding deficits and better protect global commerce and vulnerable undersea cables from adversaries. 2. Future Fleets: Decentralizing Firepower to Counter Chinese Growth. Tom Modly warns that China's shipbuilding capacity vastly outpaces the US, requiring a shift toward distributed forces rather than expensive, concentrated platforms. He advocates for a reinvigorated, independent Department of the Navy to foster the creativity needed to address asymmetric threats like Houthi attacks on high-value assets. 3. British Weakness: The Failure to Challenge Beijing Over Jimmy Lai. Mark Simon predicts Prime Minister Starmer will fail to secure Jimmy Lai's release because the UK mistakenly views China as an economic savior. He notes the UK's diminished military and economic leverage leads to a submissive diplomatic stance, despite China'sdeclining ability to offer investment. 4. Enforcing Sanctions: Interdicting the Shadow Fleet to Squeeze China. Victoria Coates details the Trump administration's enforcement of a "Monroe Doctrine" corollary, using naval power to seize tankers carrying Venezuelan oil to China. This strategy exposes China's lack of maritime projection and energy vulnerability, as Beijingcannot legally contest the seizures of illicit shadow fleet vessels. 5. Symbolic Strikes: US and Jordan Target Resurgent ISIS in Syria. Following an attack on US personnel, the US and Jordan conducted airstrikes against ISIS strongholds, likely with Syrian regime consultation. Ahmed Sharawi questions the efficacy of striking desert warehouses when ISIS cells have moved into urban areas, suggesting the strikes were primarily symbolic domestic messaging. 6. Failure to Disarm: Hezbollah's Persistence and UNIFIL's Inefficacy. David Daoud reports that the Lebanesegovernment is failing to disarm Hezbollah south of the Litani River, merely evicting them from abandoned sites. He argues UNIFIL is an ineffective tripwire, as Hezbollah continues to rebuild infrastructure and receive funding right under international observers' noses. 7. Global Jihad: The Distinct Threats of the Brotherhood and ISIS. Edmund Fitton-Brown contrasts the Muslim Brotherhood's long-term infiltration of Western institutions with ISIS's violent, reckless approach. He warns that ISISremains viable, with recent facilitated attacks in Australia indicating a resurgence in capability beyond simple "inspired" violence. 8. The Forever War: Jihadist Patience vs. American Cycles. Bill Roggio argues the US has failed to defeat jihadist ideology or funding, allowing groups like Al-Qaeda to persist in Afghanistan and Africa. He warns that adversaries view American withdrawals as proof of untrustworthiness, exploiting the US tendency to fight short-term wars against enemies planning for decades. 9. The Professional: Von Steuben's Transformation of the Continental Army. Richard Bell introduces Baron von Steuben as a desperate, unemployed Prussian officer who professionalized the ragtag Continental Army at Valley Forge. Washington's hiring of foreign experts like Steuben demonstrated a strategic willingness to utilize global talent to ensure the revolution's survival. 10. Privateers and Prison Ships: The Unsung Cost of Maritime Independence. Richard Bell highlights the crucial role of privateers like William Russell, who raided British shipping when the Continental Navy was weak. Captured privateers faced horrific conditions in British "black hole" facilities like Mill Prison and the deadly prison ship Jersey in New York Harbor, where mortality rates reached 50%. 11. Caught in the Crossfire: Indigenous Struggles in the Revolutionary War. Molly Brant, a Mohawk leader, allied with the British to stop settler encroachment but became a refugee when the British failed to protect Indigenous lands. Post-war, white Americans constructed myths portraying themselves as blameless victims while ignoring their own Indigenous allies and British betrayals regarding land rights. 12. The Irish Dimension: Revolutionary Hopes and Brutal Repression. The Irish viewed the American Revolutionas a signal that the British Empire was vulnerable, sparking the failed 1798 Irish rebellion. While the British suppressed Irish independence brutally under Cornwallis, Irish immigrants and Scots-Irish settlers like Andrew Jackson fervently supported the Continental Army against the Crown. 13. Assessing Battlefield Realities: Russian Deceit and Ukrainian Counterattacks. John Hardie analyzes the "culture of deceit" within the Russian military, exemplified by false claims of capturing Kupyansk while Ukraine actually counterattacked. This systemic lying leads to overconfidence in Putin's strategy, though Ukraine also faces challenges with commanders hesitating to report lost positions to avoid forced counterattacks. 14. Shifts in Latin America: Brazilian Elections and Venezuelan Hope. Ernesto Araujo and Alejandro Peña Esclusapredict a 2026 battle between socialist accommodation and freedom-oriented transformation in Brazil, highlighted by Flavio Bolsonaro's candidacy against Lula. Meanwhile, Peña Esclusa anticipates Venezuela's liberation and a broader regional shift toward the right following leftist defeats in Ecuador, Argentina, and Chile. 15. Trump's Security Strategy: Homeland Defense Lacks Global Clarity. John Yoo praises the strategy's focus on homeland defense and the Western Hemisphere, reviving a corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. However, he criticizes the failure to explicitly name China as an adversary or define clear goals for defending allies in Asia and Europe against great power rivals. 16. Alienating Allies: The Strategic Cost of Attacking European Partners. John Yoo argues that imposing tariffs and attacking democratic European allies undermines the coalition needed to counter China and Russia. He asserts that democracies are the most reliable partners for protecting American security and values, making cooperation essential despite resource constraints and political disagreements.

9. The Professional: Von Steuben's Transformation of the Continental Army. Richard Bell introduces Baron von Steuben as a desperate, unemployed Prussian officer who professionalized the ragtag Continental Army at Valley Forge. Washington's hiring of foreign experts like Steuben demonstrated a strategic willingness to utilize global talent to ensure the revolution's survival. 1921 WASHNGTON HQ VALLEY FORGE

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Host Professor Robert Allison welcomes historian Paul D. Lockhart to discuss Lockhart's acclaimed book The Drillmaster of Valley Forge: The Baron de Steuben and the Making of the American Army. Together they explore the remarkable life and career of Baron de Steuben, the Prussian-born officer whose training, discipline, and organizational genius helped transform Washington's ragged Continental Army into a professional fighting force.Lockhart places Steuben in a broader European military and intellectual context, untangling the myths about his noble status and supposed “magnificent fraud,” and showing instead a serious soldier of the Enlightenment—well-read, imaginative, and deeply committed to his adopted country. The conversation ranges from Valley Forge and the famous “Blue Book” drill manual to Steuben's volatile temper, gift for friendship, chronic money troubles, complicated relationships with Washington, Congress, Lafayette, and Jefferson, and his lonely final years in upstate New York. Along the way, Allison and Lockhart reveal how Steuben's real legacy lies not just in drill on the parade ground, but in the systems, standards, and expectations that helped shape the American army for generations to come.Tell us what you think! Send us a text message!

fWotD Episode 3133: SMS Pommern Welcome to featured Wiki of the Day, your daily dose of knowledge from Wikipedia's finest articles.The featured article for Tuesday, 2 December 2025, is SMS Pommern.SMS Pommern was one of five Deutschland-class pre-dreadnought battleships built for the Kaiserliche Marine between 1904 and 1906. Named after the Prussian province of Pomerania, she was built at the AG Vulcan yard at Stettin, Germany (now Szczecin, Poland), where she was laid down on 22 March 1904 and launched on 2 December 1905. She was commissioned into the navy on 6 August 1907. The ship was armed with a battery of four 28 cm (11 in) guns and had a top speed of 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph). The ships of her class were already outdated by the time they entered the service, being inferior in size, armor, firepower, and speed to the revolutionary new battleship HMS Dreadnought.After commissioning, Pommern was assigned to II Battle Squadron of the High Seas Fleet, where she served throughout her peacetime career and the first two years of World War I. Before the war, the fleet was primarily occupied with cruises and extensive training exercises, developing strategic concepts for use in a future conflict. At the start of the war, Pommern and the rest of II Battle Squadron were tasked with supporting the defenses of the German Bight, and were stationed at the mouth of the Elbe. They also participated in several fruitless sorties into the North Sea in attempts to lure out and destroy a portion of the British Grand Fleet.These offensive operations culminated in the Battle of Jutland on 31 May – 1 June 1916. She and her sisters briefly engaged the British battlecruisers commanded by David Beatty late on the first day, and Pommern was hit once by a 12 in (30.5 cm) shell from the battlecruiser HMS Indomitable. During the confused night actions in the early hours of 1 June, she was hit by one, or possibly two, torpedoes from the British destroyer HMS Onslaught, which detonated one of Pommern's 17-centimeter (6.7 in) gun magazines. The resulting explosion broke the ship in half and killed the entire crew. Pommern was the only battleship of either side sunk during the battle.This recording reflects the Wikipedia text as of 01:13 UTC on Tuesday, 2 December 2025.For the full current version of the article, see SMS Pommern on Wikipedia.This podcast uses content from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Visit our archives at wikioftheday.com and subscribe to stay updated on new episodes.Follow us on Bluesky at @wikioftheday.com.Also check out Curmudgeon's Corner, a current events podcast.Until next time, I'm long-form Patrick.

Professor Lloyd Clark's book, The Commanders, contrasts the styles of Patton, Montgomery, and Rommel. Patton, born into privilege, struggled at West Point, finding it difficult to form meaningful relationships and compensating by pulling rank. Montgomery, raised by religious and disciplinarian parents, was not the brightest student and was sent to Sandhurst. Rommel, from the southern state of Württemberg, was an initial outsider in the Prussian-dominated German army.

Rommel developed a love-hate relationship with Adolf Hitler, often venerating him but glossing over his political and anti-Semitic excesses. Rommel's falling out with Hitler was usually due to distrust or Hitler letting the army down, not politics. Rommel, a Suabian outsider, connected with Hitler partly because both were fighting the "pernicious influence" of the Prussian military aristocracy. Though he disliked the SS, he endured them as part of the system. His book, Infantry Attacks (1937), made him a national personality.

Come with us on a deep dive into the world of trucking, the psychological operation that is the Prussian model school system, and how the fight against social darwinism is killing common sense. #commonsense #socialdarwinism #schoolsystem #broken #trucking #OTR Looking to sponsor or grab ad space? CONTACT US: theguys@youmeafp.com. Or how about starting your peptide journey with Platinum Peptides Code: ATFP15. You can also support our channel by heading over to Patreon and signing up! As always, you can check us out on these platforms! Apple Podcasts, Firearms Radio Network, Spotify, YouTube , Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, Berserker Tactics, Berserker Tactics IG, Berserker Tactics FB, Our Website Book With Berserker!

1. Hitler's Refusal of a Coalition Role. Timothy Ryback details the pivotal meeting on August 13, 1932, between President Paul von Hindenburg and Adolf Hitler. Following the Nazi party's strong electoral performance (37%), Hitler expected the Chancellorship. Hindenburg, however, only offered him a role "participating in the government." Hitler immediately refused, stating "no," because he was an "all or nothing man" who demanded the key role. Hindenburg, a Prussian aristocrat, despised Hitler, referring to him as "that Bohemian corporal" due to his origins and divisive politics. Hitler later justified his rejection by saying he would "rather besiege a fortress than be a prisoner in one." 1933

At the darkest hour of the American Revolution, the Continental Army was freezing, starving, and on the verge of collapse, until a Prussian officer named Baron von Steuben arrived at Valley Forge. Armed with discipline, grit, and a belief in liberty, von Steuben transformed a ragtag band of soldiers into a professional fighting force. In this episode of America's Founding Series, part of The P.A.S. Report Podcast, Professor Nick Giordano tells the riveting story of how one foreigner's dedication to standards and sacrifice helped forge the spirit of American resilience that still defines the nation today. Episode Highlights Discover how Baron von Steuben's military discipline saved the Revolution and reshaped the Continental Army. Explore the power of grit and perseverance that built America—and why those values matter now more than ever. Learn how von Steuben's Blue Book and leadership forged a legacy of excellence that endures in today's U.S. military.

The Republican Fire: Manet, Gambetta, and the War That Declared a French Republic. Sebastian Smee discusses how Édouard Manet's family wanted him to pursue law or the Navy, but he became a passionate, anti-autocratic Republican inspired by the 1848 uprisings. Manet established himself as an activist painter, creating works protesting Napoleon III's policies. Léon Gambetta became Manet's friend and the leading moderate Republican lawyer. The Franco-Prussian War of 1870 began under Napoleon III, but the French were crushed. When Napoleon III surrendered and went into exile, a Republic was declared in Paris. The victory was bittersweet: Paris was immediately surrounded by Prussian troops, and the entire male population joined the National Guard. However, France was defeated, leading to a humiliating surrender in January 1871. The trauma was reflected subtly in the Impressionists' art.

The Siege, Starvation, and the Start of the Communard Revolt. Sebastian Smee discusses how during the Prussian siege of Paris, Parisians suffered terribly in the coldest winter on record. Radical Republicans grew furious at the moderate government's failure to defeat the Prussians. When the government surrendered and accepted severe conditions, the radicals decided to revolt. The revolutionaries, gathering in March 1871, seized cannons and established the Commune. The Communards were more libertarian than communist, aiming to democratize society. They were violent immediately, and the government forces retreated to Versailles. Paris found itself besieged again by French government forces directed by Adolphe Thiers.

One of the final events at the Hannah Arendt Center's 17th annual fall conference later at 6 PM will be a Staged Reading of “Mrs. Stern Wanders the Prussian State Library.”

Send us a textWelcome to Guilders-Ford Radio, a Necromunda podcast broadcasting from the East Gate Docks of Hive Primus (via Guildford Games Club, Surrey, UK).This episode of Guilders-Ford Radio lands hot on the heels of Rosco and Leigh's recent trip to Broxbourne Wargames Club's ‘Scratcher's Spill' narrative weekender.Joined by Broxbourne co-founder and returning guest of the show Adam Smith, the boys give a blow-by-blow account of the weekend's misdeeds, while Adam shares the challenges and triumphs of running your own Necromunda event.This month has seen Necromunda's hives reinforced with brand new Palanite Enforcer minatures and a fantastic new book, Bastions of Law. With precious little time with the tome ahead of recording, what do the GFR gang make of the post-Book of Judgement changes?As ever, we round up the episode with an update on our recent hobby - with Dixie literally surrounded by Prussians, and Leigh completely obsessed with the new AK-Interactive paint pens.We'd like to take the opportunity to thank all our listeners who have chosen to support us on Patreon & Buzzsprout - your contributions help us make a better show!• Flow • Denny Wright • Stefan Sahlin  • Matt Miler  • Matti Puh  • Nick McVett  •Warhammer in the Dark  •From_Somewhere • Alfonso  • The Traitor • Johnny DeVille • Stephan B • Jeff Nelson • Lankydiceroller • Morskul • Beau  • Justin Clark • Dr.Toe • Mikael Livas • Josh Reynolds • StandStab • ChestDrain • Scott Spieker • Tucker Steel • Shaughn • Stewart Young • Goatincoat  • Jason • Joseph Serrani • Billy  • Phil • Stephen Griffiths  • Søren D • Spruewhisperer • Kevin Fowler • Scott Spieker • Andy Tabor  • TheMichaelNimmo • Tucker Steel  • Dave Shearman  • Shaughn  • Stewart Young •Damien Davis • Wayne Jeffrey   •  Frawgenstein • Matthey Mulcahy   • William Payne •Thomas Laycock • Stephen Livingston • Tyler Anderson • McGobbo • Jed Tearle • Gene Archibald • James Marsden • John Haynes • Ryan Taylor • Yuki van Elzelingen  • Dick Linehan • Rhinoxrifter • Shawn Hall  • Eric McKenzie  • Paul Shaw  • Jenifer • Drew Williams  • Greg Miller • Andy Farrell  • Nate Combrink •  Don Johnson • Michael Yule • Joe Roberts • TheRedWolf • Lukasz Jainski • Aaron Vissers • One Punch Orlock (Tom) • Matt Price • ShnubutsSupport the showHelp us make better content, and download free community resources!www.patreon.com/guildersfordradioAny comments, questions or corrections? We'd love to hear from you! Join the Guilders-Ford Radio community oveSupport the showHelp us make better content, and download free community resources!www.patreon.com/guildersfordradioAny comments, questions or corrections? We'd love to hear from you! Join the Guilders-Ford Radio community over at;https://linktr.ee/guildersfordradiowww.instagram.com/guildersfordradiowww.facebook.com/guildersfordradioGuildersFordRadio@Gmail.com ** Musical Attribution - Socket Rocker by (Freesound - BaDoink) **

In the early 1860s, with Prussia facing a crisis over King Wilhelm I's attempts to expand and modernize the Prussian army, he appointed Otto von Bismarck as Minister-President in an attempt to break a budgetary ...

Iserbyt's whistleblowing on education (Prussian model, common core), Theosophical roots (Bailey, Lucifer Trust), Cumbi's new age insights, and technocracy's legacy. During our podcast break, enjoy this replay of Courtenay's appearance on William Ramsey Investigates from June 2025. Key topics: Charlotte Iserbyt's whistleblowing: "The Deliberate Dumbing Down of America," exposing Prussian education, common core, and planned economy agendas. Education's evolution: From critical thinking to compliance, tied to Tavistock, Frankfurt School, and technocratic control (e.g., Deli method, sensitivity training). Theosophical roots: Alice Bailey, Lucifer Trust, UN's one-world religion, and spiritual eugenics influencing education and governance. Constance Cumbi's parallel work: Uncovering new age deception, rainbow symbolism, and transhuman agendas. Technocracy's legacy: Historical ties to Rockefeller, Carnegie, and modern movements like Game B/Dark Enlightenment pushing singularity. ➤ Read Charlotte Iserbyt's book:  "The deliberate dumbing down of America" Get Constance Cumbey's book: "The Hidden Dangers of the Rainbow: The New Age Movement and Our Coming Age of Barbarism" 

In today's episode, Ben and Pat dive into the outrageous, swashbuckling life of Baron Frederick von der Trenck -- a Prussian nobleman, cavalry officer, prison escape artist, sword-fighting heartthrob, and the original “most interesting man in the world.” Born into military aristocracy, Trenck risked it all for love, dueled his way across Europe, got imprisoned (twice) by a furious Frederick the Great, and escaped in ways that feel ripped straight from a Dumas novel. From secret affairs with royalty to hand-digging escape tunnels with broken shackles, this is the true story of a man too bold to break—and too badass to disappear quietly.

(Host: Samantha)  Games are amazing. They teach us how to engage with the world through play. They've also been used to train some of the greatest military minds. Chess is notoriously the game of the aristocracy, used to teach strategy and forward thinking. In the 19th century, a Prussian father and son, George Leopold von Reisswitz and Georg Heinrich Rudolf Johann von Reisswitz, brought strategic gaming to a whole new level with profound results.   For further reading suggestions and more, please visit: https://www.footnotinghistory.com    

Easter Bible/traditions, technocracy/global control, carbon taxes/propaganda, school choice traps, EMF in schools, natural assets/tokenization, media propaganda, and resistance hope. During our podcast break, enjoy this replay of Courtenay's appearance on Knights Of The Storm from April 2025. Key topics: Bible verse discussion on Easter (Matthew and John on Jesus' death and resurrection) and traditions like eggs, Santa, Halloween – pagan roots vs. family fun with the real message. Technocracy and global governance: Carbon taxes on shipping as control, propaganda (Club of Rome's climate narrative), and resistance strategies. School choice as a trap: Vouchers with strings, public-private partnerships, global citizens, Prussian model for compliance, and health impacts like EMF in schools, loss of books. Natural asset companies (NACs), monetizing public lands, tokenization, fractal ownership, and Game B as left-leaning technocracy pushing collective intelligence/singularity. Propaganda in media/alt media: Influencers as controlled opposition, dialectical warfare, and hope in resistance (not opting in, diversifying from all-in-one apps). Courtenay's book on Hegel's dialectic as a gnostic Jacob's Ladder for control. Read Courtenay's Article: ⁠Hegel's Dialectic, a Gnostic Jacob's Ladder & the Machinery of Control⁠ Follow and Connect with Knights Of The Storm:

On this episode of Crazy Wisdom, Stewart Alsop sits down with Brad Costanzo, founder and CEO of Accelerated Intelligence, for a wide-ranging conversation that stretches from personal development and the idea that “my mess is my message” to the risks of AI psychosis, the importance of cognitive armor, and Brad's sovereign mind framework. They talk about education through the lens of the Trivium, the natural pull of elites and hierarchies, and how Bitcoin and stablecoins tie into the future of money, inflation, and technological deflation. Brad also shares his perspective on the synergy between AI and Bitcoin, the dangers of too-big-to-fail banks, and why decentralized banking may be the missing piece. To learn more about Brad's work, visit acceleratedintelligence.ai or reach out directly at brad@acceleratedintelligence.ai.Check out this GPT we trained on the conversationTimestamps00:00 Brad Costanzo joins Stewart Alsop, opening with “my mess is my message” and Accelerated Intelligence as a way to frame AI as accelerated, not artificial.05:00 They explore AI as a tool for personal development, therapy versus coaching, and AI's potential for self-insight and pattern recognition.10:00 The conversation shifts to AI psychosis, hype cycles, gullibility, and the need for cognitive armor, leading into Brad's sovereign mind framework of define, collaborate, and refine.15:00 They discuss education through the Trivium—grammar, logic, rhetoric—contrasted with the Prussian mass education model designed for factory workers.20:00 The theme turns to elites, natural hierarchies, and the Robbers Cave experiment showing how quickly humans split into tribes.25:00 Bitcoin enters as a silent, nonviolent revolution against centralized money, with Hayek's quote on sound money and the Trojan horse of Wall Street adoption.30:00 Stablecoins, treasuries, and the Treasury vs Fed dynamic highlight how monetary demand is being engineered through crypto markets.35:00 Inflation, disinflation, and deflation surface, tied to real estate costs, millennials vs boomers, Austrian economics, and Jeff Booth's “Price of Tomorrow.”40:00 They connect Bitcoin and AI as deflationary forces, population decline, productivity gains, and the idea of a personal Bitcoin denominator.45:00 The talk expands into Bitcoin mining, AI data centers, difficulty adjustments, and Richard Werner's insights on quantitative easing, commercial banks, and speculative vs productive loans.50:00 Wrapping themes center on decentralized banking, the dangers of too-big-to-fail, assets as protection, Bitcoin's volatility, and why it remains the strongest play for long-term purchasing power.Key InsightsOne of the strongest insights Brad shares is the shift from artificial intelligence to accelerated intelligence. Instead of framing AI as something fake or external, he sees it as a leverage tool to amplify human intelligence—whether emotional, social, spiritual, or business-related. This reframing positions AI less as a threat to authenticity and more as a partner in unlocking dormant creativity.Personal development surfaces through the mantra “my mess is my message.” Brad emphasizes that the struggles, mistakes, and rock-bottom moments in life can become the foundation for helping others. AI plays into this by offering low-cost access to self-insight, giving people the equivalent of a reflective mirror that can help them see patterns in their own thinking without immediately needing therapy.The episode highlights the emerging problem of AI psychosis. People overly immersed in AI conversations, chatbots, or hype cycles can lose perspective. Brad and Stewart argue that cognitive armor—what Brad calls the “sovereign mind” framework of define, collaborate, and refine—is essential to avoid outsourcing one's thinking entirely to machines.Education is another theme, with Brad pointing to the classical Trivium—grammar, logic, and rhetoric—as the foundation of real learning. Instead of mass education modeled on the Prussian system for producing factory workers, he argues for rhetoric, debate, and critical thinking as the ultimate tests of knowledge, even in an AI-driven world.When the discussion turns to elites, Brad acknowledges that hierarchies are natural and unavoidable, citing experiments like Robbers Cave. The real danger lies not in elitism itself, but in concentrated control—particularly financial elites who maintain power through the monetary system.Bitcoin is framed as a “silent, nonviolent revolution.” Brad describes it as a Trojan horse—appearing as a speculative asset while quietly undermining government monopoly on money. Stablecoins, treasuries, and the Treasury vs Fed conflict further reveal how crypto is becoming a new driver of monetary demand.Finally, the synergy between AI and Bitcoin offers a hopeful counterbalance to deflation fears and demographic decline. AI boosts productivity while Bitcoin enforces financial discipline. Together, they could stabilize a future where fewer people are needed for the same output, costs of living decrease, and savings in hard money protect purchasing power—even against the inertia of too-big-to-fail banks.

Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss Napoleon Bonaparte's temporary return to power in France in 1815, following his escape from exile on Elba . He arrived with fewer than a thousand men, yet three weeks later he had displaced Louis XVIII and taken charge of an army as large as any that the Allied Powers could muster individually. He saw that his best chance was to pick the Allies off one by one, starting with the Prussian and then the British/Allied armies in what is now Belgium. He appeared to be on the point of victory at Waterloo yet somehow it eluded him, and his plans were soon in tatters. His escape to America thwarted, he surrendered on 15th July and was exiled again but this time to Saint Helena. There he wrote his memoirs to help shape his legacy, while back in Europe there were still fears of his return. With Michael Rowe Reader in European History at Kings College London Katherine Astbury Professor of French Studies at the University of Warwick And Zack White Leverhulme Early Career Research Fellow at the University of Portsmouth Producer: Simon Tillotson In Our Time is a BBC Studios Audio production. Reading list: Katherine Astbury and Mark Philp (ed.), Napoleon's Hundred Days and the Politics of Legitimacy (Palgrave, 2018) Jeremy Black, The Battle of Waterloo: A New History (Icon Books, 2010) Michael Broers, Napoleon: The Decline and Fall of an Empire: 1811-1821 (Pegasus Books, 2022) Philip Dwyer, Citizen Emperor: Napoleon in power 1799-1815 (Bloomsbury, 2014) Charles J. Esdaile, Napoleon, France and Waterloo: The Eagle Rejected (Pen & Sword Military, 2016) Gareth Glover, Waterloo: Myth and Reality (Pen & Sword Military, 2014) Sudhir Hazareesingh, The Legend of Napoleon (Granta, 2014) John Hussey, Waterloo: The Campaign of 1815, Volume 1, From Elba to Ligny and Quatre Bras (Greenhill Books, 2017) Andrew Roberts, Napoleon the Great (Penguin Books, 2015) Brian Vick, The Congress of Vienna: Power and Politics after Napoleon (Harvard University Press, 2014) Zack White (ed.), The Sword and the Spirit: Proceedings of the first ‘War & Peace in the Age of Napoleon' Conference (Helion and Company, 2021) Spanning history, religion, culture, science and philosophy, In Our Time from BBC Radio 4 is essential listening for the intellectually curious. In each episode, host Melvyn Bragg and expert guests explore the characters, events and discoveries that have shaped our world.

What can the Roman legions of Constantine, the Ottoman forces of Mehmet the Conqueror, and the US Army of World War II teach us about modern military power?In this timely episode of the Explaining History Podcast, I speak with former senior British officer and acclaimed military historian Barney White-Spunner about his forthcoming book Nation In Arms (out 14 August). Drawing from five pivotal armies that helped shape the European continent—the Roman, Ottoman, New Model, Prussian, and American—White-Spunner explores what today's governments must relearn about the organisation, loyalty, and very soul of military power.We unpack why European governments have lost focus on defence since 1989, why the peace dividend is over, and what history urgently demands we remember in an era of renewed conflict. This is a deep and necessary conversation about the nature of armies, the responsibilities of the state, and the timeless lessons of military history.History of European Armies, Barney White-Spunner interview, Nation In Arms book, Military history podcast, Contemporary military threats, Lessons from Roman army, Cromwell's New Model Army, Ottoman Empire military, Prussian military reform, WWII US Army history, European defense policy, Future of armed forces, Explaining History podcast, Modern warfare and strategy, Decline of European militaries, History podcast, Military history, Geopolitics, European history, Modern warfare, Author interviews, Strategic studies, Defence and security, British military.Newsflash: You can find everything Explaining History on Substack, join free hereHelp the podcast to continue bringing you history each weekIf you enjoy the Explaining History podcast and its many years of content and would like to help the show continue, please consider supporting it in the following ways:If you want to go ad-free, you can take out a membership hereOrYou can support the podcast via Patreon hereOr you can just say some nice things about it here Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Most of us grew up believing school was our golden ticket — a noble path to knowledge, success, and the elusive American Dream. Turns out, that dream was engineered to keep you obedient, predictable, and poor. In this episode, Chris, Saied, and Rajeel peel back the curtain on the greatest con ever run on the masses: the education system. With wit, fire, and a touch of irreverence, they trace the origins of modern schooling to the Prussian model — a system deliberately designed to churn out soldiers, compliant workers, and docile consumers for industrialists like Rockefeller and Carnegie. It's not a bug. It's the feature.➡️ We break down how the very structure of school — from its bells and rows to its obsession with grades — trains you to tolerate boredom, obey authority, and measure your worth by someone else's approval. If you've ever wondered why entrepreneurship feels foreign, risk feels scary, and freedom feels unattainable, this is your wake-up call. The machine that conditioned you doesn't even exist anymore, yet it's still teaching you to fit in and punishing you if you don't. Tune in as we expose the scam, laugh through the pain, and (most importantly) show you how to unlearn the lies — for yourself and your kids.

What if the Nazi Bell wasn't reverse-engineered alien technology — but the result of a covert, 19th-century human aerospace program? In this eye-opening episode, we sit down with Walter Bosley — former counterintelligence specialist, author, and independent investigator — to explore the hidden history behind the so-called “mystery airships” of the 1850s and their connection to NYMZA, a secretive Prussian-backed organization. Bosley walks us through the lineage of propulsion technology that may have started with engineer William Rankine in 1849 and continued through a group of German immigrants in California — decades before the U.S. Civil War. Their alleged airship designs bear striking similarities to the mechanisms seen during the Great Airship Mystery of the 1890s... and even to schematics of the Nazi Bell. We dig deep into Dellschau's drawings, the classified airship projects that may have begun after the Civil War, and the theory that the Bell was inspired not by extraterrestrial tech, but by ancient Vedic science — supercharged by human innovation. Bosley also busts myths about the so-called “Haunebu” saucers, revealing them as postwar propaganda, not historical fact. This is a journey through suppressed history, alternative aerospace origins, and the hidden skies of America's past. Please subscribe to the new Tin Foil Hat youtube channel:  https://www.youtube.com/@TinFoilHatYoutube Check out Sam Tripoli new crowd work special "Black Crack Robots" now for free. https://youtu.be/_FKugOeYaLc Check out Sam Tripoli's 2nd New Crowd Work Special “Potty Mouth” on YouTube for free. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=22j3Ds5ArjM Grab your copy of the 2nd issue of the Chaos Twins now and join the Army Of Chaos: https://bit.ly/415fDfY Check out Sam "DoomScrollin with Sam Tripoli and Midnight Mike" Every Tuesday At 4pm pst on Youtube, X Twitter, Rumble and Rokfin! Join the WolfPack at Wise Wolf Gold and Silver and start hedging your financial position by investing in precious metals now!  Go to samtripoli.gold and use the promo code "TinFoil" and we thank Tony for supporting our show. LiveLongerFormula.com: Check out LiveLongerFormula.com/sam — Christian is a longevity author and functional health expert who helps you fix your gut, detox, boost testosterone, and sleep better so you can thrive, not just survive. Watch his free masterclass on the 7 Deadly Health Fads, and if it clicks, book a free Metabolic Function Assessment to get to the root of your health issues. CopyMyCrypto.com: The ‘Copy my Crypto' membership site shows you the coins that the youtuber ‘James McMahon' personally holds - and allows you to copy him. So if you'd like to join the 1300 members who copy James, then stop what you're doing and head over to: CopyMyCrypto.com/TFH You'll not only find proof of everything I've said - but my listeners get full access for just $1  Want to see Sam Tripoli live?  Get tickets at SamTripoli.com: San Diego:  Sam Tripoli and Tin Foil Hat Comedy Live July 17th-19th https://americancomedyco.com/collections/sam-tripoli-live-july-17-19   Boston, MA:  Tin Foil Hat Comedy Night Headlines Nick's Comedy Stop  August 1st https://www.nickscomedystop.com/event-details/special-event-tin-foil-hat-comedy-with-sam-tripoli-and-eddie-bravo-live   Broadbrook Ct: Tin Foil Hat Comedy and Swarm Tank at 8pm on August 2nd https://broadbrookoperahouse.thundertix.com/events/246069   Please check out Walter Bosley's Internet: website: https://walterbosley.com   Please check out Sam Tripoli's internet: Linktree: https://linktr.ee/samtripoli Please Follow Sam Tripoli's Stand Up Youtube Page: https://www.youtube.com/@SamTripoliComedy Please Follow Sam Tripoli's Comedy Instagram:  https://www.instagram.com/samtripolicomedy/ Please Follow Sam Tripoli's Podcast Clip Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/samtripolispodcastclips/   Thank you to our sponsors:  Hydro: Hydrow's kind of my secret weapon for a full-body workout. It hits like 86% of your muscles-arms, legs, core, all of it-and I can knock it out in 20 minutes. Super efficient, and it actually works. Skip the gym, not the workout-stay on track with Hydrow! For a limited time go to Hydrow dot com and use code TINFOILHAT to save up to $475 off your Hydrow Pro Rower during Hydrow's Memorial Day Sale! That's H-Y-D-R-OW dot com code TINFOILHAT to save up to $475. Hydrow dot com code TINFOILHAT. True Werk: TRUEWERK is hell-bent on creating the most technical, high-performance workwear in the world. The TRUEWERK story begins in the Colorado mountains where a trade worker knew there had to be a better solution than the wet, heavy gear that was weighing him down.  Check out the full lineup and get 15 percent off your first order at TRUEWERK.com/tinfoil.    

Brennenburg Castle (Amnesia: Dark Descent) stands as an imposing monument to darkness in the remote Prussian forests, its ancient stones harboring restless spirits and vengeful ghosts from centuries of tragedy and murder, where the living are tormented by the dead who refuse to rest in peace. Discover more TERRIFYING podcasts at http://eeriecast.com/ Follow Carman Carrion!  https://www.instagram.com/carmancarrion/?hl=en https://twitter.com/CarmanCarrion Subscribe to Spotify! https://open.spotify.com/show/0uiX155WEJnN7QVRfo3aQY Please Review Us on iTunes! https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/freaky-folklore/id1550361184 Music and sound effects used in the Destination Terror Podcast have or may have been provided/created by:  CO.AG: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCcavSftXHgxLBWwLDm_bNvA Myuu: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiSKnkKCKAQVxMUWpZQobuQ Jinglepunks: https://jinglepunks.com/ Epidemic Sound: https://www.epidemicsound.com/ Kevin MacLeod: http://incompetech.com/ Dark Music: https://soundcloud.com/darknessprevailspodcast Soundstripe: http Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

April 2, 1800. Prussian composer Ludwig van Beethoven leads the premiere of his First Symphony in Vienna, Austria. This episode originally aired in 2024.Support the show! Join Into History for ad-free listening and more.History Daily is a co-production of Airship and Noiser.Go to HistoryDaily.com for more history, daily.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

In this episode of The Box of Oddities, Kat, and Jethro unbox a double dose of historical weirdness and cultural curiosity. First, meet Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher—Prussian war hero, chaos gremlin, and the kind of guy who believed he was pregnant with an elephant. (Spoiler: He wasn't.) His wild behavior helped defeat Napoleon but also raised a few powdered eyebrows. Then, we head to the island of Pere in Papua New Guinea, where death isn't just a biological inconvenience—it's a suspicious social faux pas. In these ancient belief systems, people don't just die… someone causes it. Naturally. Because obviously. Ghosts, generals, and a little gastrointestinal confusion—what more could you want?

“From this place and from this day forth commences a new era in the world's history, and you can all say you were present at its birth!” By September 1792, the Prussians, under the leadership of the formidable Duke of Brunswick, were closing in on revolutionary Paris. There, the streets roiled with the clanging of church bells, thousands of volunteers, patriotic songs and slogans, and of course; the dead bodies of all those killed during the September Massacres. It was against this feverish backdrop that on the 20th, the new National Convention - the most democratic of the assemblies yet, with unlimited powers to remake the nation - met at the famous Riding School. And though it was riven by internal rivalries under the contentious three headed triumvirate of Danton, Marat and Robespierre, remake the nation it did. Voting to abolish the monarchy once and for all, the Convention declared the institution of a new world and a new beginning for France, with all state documents from that day forth bearing the immortal words, ‘Year One'. But, with their Prussian enemies baying at the gates, would revolutionary France survive to see more than one year? A great military reckoning was approaching, which would decide the fate of the new Republic and perhaps, universal liberty. As the armies of France and Prussia met for what would prove to be one of the most ideologically significant battles of all time, political tensions were mounting in Paris… Join Dominic and Tom for this crucial, tremulous episode of the French Revolution. With Prussia closing in, bodies littering the streets, and the revolutionary leaders hungry for each other's blood, would the Revolution survive? EXCLUSIVE NordVPN Deal ➼ https://nordvpn.com/restishistory Try it risk-free now with a 30-day money-back guarantee! _______ Twitter: @TheRestHistory @holland_tom @dcsandbrook Producer: Theo Young-Smith Assistant Producer: Tabby Syrett + Aaliyah Akude Executive Producers: Jack Davenport + Tony Pastor Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In the summer and Autumn of 1792 - with the Prussians bearing down on Paris, the streets thronged with the stirring swell of the Marseillaise, but also the rotting bodies of those brutally killed during the September Massacres - the French Revolution bore a new symbol of optimism and hope: Liberty. Embodied by a female figure, later known as Marianne, and famously enshrined in Eugène Delacroix's iconic painting, she was an important reminder that the revolution was about more than just violence, but also the dream of a brighter future, in which all the people of France would have a steak. Marianne was the new Republic personified, and manifested all those virtues most desired by the new order; freedom, equality and reason. But, did this new symbol have any resonance for the actual women of the revolution? Certainly, they had played a major role in bringing the King and Queen back to Paris from Versailles in 1789, helping patriots who stormed Tuileries in 1792, and were keen spectators to the febrile politics of the revolution. For this, women were enshrined as ‘mothers of the nation', a vital mass of humanity thought to be inspired by an animating emotional power. And yet, unlike their male counterparts, few women save Marie Antoinette, at whom sexualised misogyny was constantly hurled, have stood the test of time. So who were the women at the very heart of the French Revolution? And what did they do to change the course of history? Join Tom and Dominic as they discuss the evolving ideology of the French Revolution - one of the most decisive moments of world history - and some of the women at the centre of it all from the very start. EXCLUSIVE NordVPN Deal ➼ https://nordvpn.com/restishistory Try it risk-free now with a 30-day money-back guarantee! _______ Twitter: @TheRestHistory @holland_tom @dcsandbrook Producer: Theo Young-Smith Assistant Producer: Tabby Syrett + Aaliyah Akude Executive Producers: Jack Davenport + Tony Pastor Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

‘Still more traitors, still more treason…" It is 1792 and France has been at war since April; it is not going well. In Paris, the Tuileries Palace has been stormed, and the royal family imprisoned. Meanwhile, tensions are rising between the main political factions of the Revolution, the Girondins and the Montagnard, led by the icy Maximilien Robespierre. The streets of Paris teem with armed young men - the Federes and the Sans-Culottes - responsible for the brutal slaughtering of the Swiss Guard earlier that year. They have arrested and imprisoned thousands of people. It is into this progressively febrile atmosphere of paranoia and fear that terrible news arrives: the Prussians, hungry for vengeance, have taken the fortress of Verdin. Rumours swirl of treason and betrayal from deep within Paris itself, and a new, chilling idea is raised to wash the city of counter revolutionaries once and for all: cleanse the prisons. So it is that on the 2nd of September, a group of Prisoners being escorted from one prison to another is stopped, and methodically hacked to death. The survivors face an impromptu tribunal before receiving the same treatment. Over the next few days, all prisoners across Paris are likewise judged, and many similarly damned and mutilated. A tide of bloodshed is rising, which will soon flood the streets of Paris, taking thousands of lives with it. Who will survive the massacre? Join Dominic and Tom for the next series of the French Revolution, as they pick up this epic story - one of the most resounding and complex historical events of all time - with arguably the most horrific episode of the whole revolution: the September massacres… EXCLUSIVE NordVPN Deal ➼ https://nordvpn.com/restishistory Try it risk-free now with a 30-day money-back guarantee! _______ Twitter: @TheRestHistory @holland_tom @dcsandbrook Producer: Theo Young-Smith Assistant Producer: Tabby Syrett + Aaliyah Akude Executive Producers: Jack Davenport + Tony Pastor Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices