Hidden History

In July 1933, two mysterious men approached one of the most decorated soldiers in American history with what initially appeared to be a simple proposal. He didn't know it at the time, but Major General Smedley Butler, whose prominent career mirrored the rise of the American Empire, was being recruited into a sordid plan to overthrow President Franklin Roosevelt, and bring fascism to the United States. In this episode, take a deep look at the rise and expansion of Imperial America, and the time we came within a hair's breadth of losing democracy.Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkShirts and more: LinkSources and Further ReadingBooksThe Plot to Seize the White House, by Jules Archer: LinkGangsters of Capitalism: Smedley Butler, the Marines, and the Making and Breaking of America's Empire, by Jonathan Katz: LinkMaverick Marine: General Smedley D. Butler and the Contradictions of American Military History: LinkWebsitesMcKinley and the Spanish-American War: LinkThe Signaling at Cuzco Well: LinkMarine Lieutenant Colonel Robert W. Huntington to Marine Colonel Charles Heywood, 6/17/1898: LinkBattle of Manila Bay, 1 May 1898: LinkTheodore Roosevelt, “The Strenuous Life” (10 April 1899): LinkTheodore Roosevelt: Confident Imperialist: LinkReview: Not so Benevolent Assimilation: The Philippine-American War: LinkMcKinley's Benevolent Assimilation Proclamation: LinkThe Insular Cases: A Comparative Historical Study of Puerto Rico, Hawai‘i, and the Philippines: LinkASKS GEN. BUTLER TO EXPLAIN SPEECH; Secretary Adams Calls for a Full Report on His References to Nicaraguan Policy. NAVY OFFICIALS SILENT Stimson Also Refuses Comment on the General's Reputed Remarks at Pittsburgh Dec. 5.: LinkMark Twain, To the Person Sitting in Darkness: LinkGunboat USS Petrel: LinkGunboat Callao: LinkThe Opium Wars in China: LinkYellow River Floods, Los Angeles Herald, Volume 26, Number 48, 17 November 1898: LinkGreat Flood of the Huang-Ho River: LinkWilhelm II: "Hun Speech" (1900): LinkMahan, a “Place in the Sun,” and Germany's Quest for Sea Power: LinkThe Liscum Bowl: LinkGeneral Jacob H. Smith & the Philippine War's Samar Campaign: LinkThe Water Cure: LinkThe Lobby- The Creation of the Panama Canal, 1870-1914: LinkHepburn Suspects a Plot to Delay Building Canal: LinkBunau-Varilla, Russia, and the Panama Canal: LinkThe Strange Affair of the Taking of the Panama Canal Zone: LinkUSS Nashville (PG 7) and the Building of the Panama Canal: LinkA Roundtable on John M. Thompson, Great Power Rising: Theodore Roosevelt and the Politics of U.S. Foreign Policy: LinkThe New Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation: LinkGentlemen's Agreement of 1907-1908: LinkHemispheric Orientalism and the 1907 Pacific Coast Race Riots: LinkMuseum of the City of San Francisco, Japanese and Korean Exclusion League- 1906: LinkMerchants, Mining, and Concessions on Nicaragua's Mosquito Coast: Reassessing the American Presence, 1893-1912: LinkAmerican Policy in Nicaragua- Dawson Agreements—Brown Brothers Loan: LinkA Note on the Bryan-Chamorro Treaty and German Interest in a Nicaraguan Canal, 1914: LinkRiot at Cocoa Grove, Panama City, July 4, 1912: LinkThe Wilson Administration and Panama, 1913-1921: LinkThe Minister of the Netherlands to the Secretary of State- Determining Indemnities Owed to the United States by Panama: LinkCANAL IS OPENED BY WILSON'S FINGER; Gamboa Dike Blown Away as President in Washington Presses Button.: LinkU.S. ambassador plots against Mexican president, Feb. 16, 1913: LinkHenry Lane Wilson and the Overthrow of Madero: LinkEl Porfiriato (1877-1911): LinkThe structural evolution of the Golden Lane, Tampico embayment, Mexico: LinkOil and Revolution in Mexico- Chapter 2: The Great Mexican Oil Boom: LinkMr. De In Mexico: LinkAddress to a Joint Session of Congress on the Tampico Incident: LinkApril 20, 1914: Message Regarding Tampico Incident: LinkTWE Remembers: The Tampico Incident: LinkThe Banana Wars: United States Intervention in the Caribbean, 1898–1934: Link'Take Veracruz at Once'- USNI: LinkThe Battle of Veracruz and the Medal of Honor: LinkHow the U.S. Came to Dominate Haiti: Seizing the Gold: LinkInvade Haiti, Wall Street Urged. The U.S. Obliged.: Link'The Greatest Heist In History': How Haiti Was Forced To Pay Reparations For Freedom: LinkHow the U.S. Came to Dominate Haiti: Military Occupation: LinkHAITI, SMEDLEY BUTLER, AND THE RISE OF AMERICAN EMPIRE: LinkFreedom and Sovereignty: Notes on 1826 Haitian Rural Code: LinkThe U.S. Occupation of Haiti, 1915-1934: LinkAmericans and Chinese Communists, 1927–1945: A Persuading Encounter: Link1927: 'China Marines' in Shanghai (photo): LinkSmedley D. Butler and Prohibition Enforcement in Philadelphia, 1924-1925: LinkThe Machine, the Mayor, and the Marine:The Battle over Prohibition in Philadelphia, 1924–1925: LinkGeneral Butler Cleans Up: LinkBUTLER NEAR BLOWS WITH A MAGISTRATE; Former Wants Philadelphia Ritz-Carlten Patrons to Tell About Liquor Seizure.: LinkAn Alternative to Kuomintang—Communist Collaboration: Sun Yat-sen and Hong Kong, January–June 1923: LinkThe Nationalist Party in Power: Unification of China Under Kuomintang Programs: LinkThe Birth of Communist Party and Soviet Constitution between China and Hungary: LinkSoviet Diplomacy and the First United Front in China: LinkBefore and After the May Fourth Movement: LinkPrinciples and Profits: Standard Oil Responds to Chinese Nationalism, 1925-1927: LinkSS PRESIDENT MCKINLEY Painting: LinkDecember 7, 1929, Buffalo Courier-Express, Author Asks for Senate Quiz of Butler's Speech; Sinclair Lewis says general confirmed charges against marines in Haiti, Nicaragua: LinkA Mussolini Alfa Romeo Mystery: LinkInterview with E.Z. Dimitman, June 23, 1982: LinkBonus Army- Oregon Encyclopedia: LinkWalter W. Waters, Commander of the Bonus Expeditionary Force: LinkFox Movietone News Collection- Butler addresses demonstration--outtakes: LinkSmedley Butler's fiery speech to World War I veterans is still relevant today: LinkBonus Expeditionary Forces March on Washington- National Park Service: LinkZangara's Attempted Assassination of Franklin D. Roosevelt: LinkRoosevelt's Gold Program: LinkWar Is A Racket (1935) Full Text: LinkThe American Legion 15th National Convention: official program, 1933: LinkHe Put the Funds in Our Foundation: How Robert Sterling Clark Got His Money: Link“Every Citizen a Sentinel! Every Home a Sentry Box!” The Sentinels of the Republic and the Gendered Origins of Free-Market Conservatism: LinkGerald L. K. Smith: Minister of Hate: LinkThe National Committee to Uphold Constitutional Government, 1937-1941: LinkThe Nye Revelations: LinkFDR and the Nye Committee: A Reassessment: LinkFrantz Fanon, Concerning Violence: Link

On April 5, 1976, the richest man in the world died of medical neglect on board a jet bound for Houston. At the time of his death, Howard Hughes had not been seen in public for nearly twenty years. With a massive fortune that enabled his worsening mental disorders, Hughes, once famous the world over, receded from the public eye, and for the last decades of his life, ruled a vast and often unsuccessful business empire confined entirely to his bed. In time the expansive and opaque system that Hughes engineered to ensure his own isolation grew out of his own control, and as he sat in his penthouse, seeing only seven people in fifteen years, an army of self serving executives made decisions on his affairs entirely without his knowledge. While Hughes seemed to lose money on every transaction, he made a lot of his employees and their friends very wealthy. This story is a tragedy- the tale of a man who was both created and destroyed thanks to his proximity to great wealth, culminating in his own death in conditions so deplorable his corpse had to be identified via fingerprint by the FBI. In his 70 years, Howard Hughes can certainly be said to have left a colorful mark on American history. This is that story.Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkShirts and more: LinkSources and Further ReadingBooksHoward Hughes: His Life and Madness: LinkHoward, the Amazing Mr. Hughes: LinkHughes: The Private Diaries, Memos and Letters: LinkHoward Hughes: Power, Paranoia, and Palace Intrigue, Revised and Expanded: LinkWebsitesHoward Hughes Lives: LinkA Peek Into the Mind of Howard Hughes: LinkThis Day in Aviation History, April 17, 1944: LinkHoward Hughes Memo Disclosed In Controversy Over Gift to Nixon: LinkThe Secret Memos of Howard Hughes: LinkThomas Quits Post As Chief of T.W.A.; Charles S. Thomas Resigns Post As Trans-World Airlines Chief: LinkHughes' Neighbor Fed Up, Leaves Hotel in London: LinkHughes and 4 Associates Indicted in Air West Case: LinkHughes Estate Agrees to Pay Airline's Stockholders $30 Million: LinkPrize-Winning 'Muckraker' Jack Anderson Dies: LinkSUSPECT GIVES UP IN HUGHES THEFT: LinkHoward Hughes at the End: Contradictions in Accounts: LinkJury Divvies Howard Hughes' Fortune After an Heir Raid in Texas Court: LinkMusicHoward Hughes' Blues, performed by John Hartford: Link

On June 5, 1968, Robert Kennedy was gunned down in the back room of a hotel kitchen just minutes after it seemed he had secured the 1968 Democratic nomination for President. The man changed with, and sentenced to death for, Kennedy's murder was a 24 year old Palestinian American named Sirhan Sirhan. From the very beginning, it was clear that something was wrong with official story. In this episode, we dive deep and reexamine the evidence of the case to determine who really killed Robert Kennedy.Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkShirts and more: LinkSources and Further ReadingWho Killed Robert Kennedy? | Al Jazeera World: LinkThe Second Gun: LinkJune 5, 1968: Robert F. Kennedy's last speech: LinkThe Bobby Kennedy assassination tape: Were 13 shots fired or only 8?: LinkPease, Lisa. A Lie Too Big to Fail: The Real History of the Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy. United States: Feral House, (n.d.).Did L.A. police and prosecutors bungle the Bobby Kennedy assassination?: LinkNew Evidence Implicates CIA, LAPD, FBI and Mafia as Plotters in Elaborate “Hit” Plan to Prevent RFK From Ever Reaching White House: LinkNew evidence challenges official picture of Kennedy shooting: LinkRFK Assassination Witness Denies Recanting ‘Polka Dot Dress' Story: LinkMan gets 8-year sentence on weapons charge: LinkThe Robert Kennedy Assassination: Link

How did a shootout between two undercover cops on an LA freeway in 1997 lead to the discovery, and subsequent coverup, of one of the largest and most sinister networks of police crime and corruption in modern American History? Learn about Kevin Gaines, Suge Knight, Versace shirts, bank robberies, drug dealer cops, the Rampart Scandal, and more in this episode of Hidden History.Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkShirts and more: LinkSources and Further ReadingPBS, Rampart Scandal Timeline: LinkPBS, The Outcome Of Rampart Scandal Investigations: LinkThe Murder of the Notorious B.I.G.: LinkCop Shoot Cop: Link4 Officers Back Tales of Parties After Shootings: LinkRafael Perez's Statement to the court: LinkMugshots: Rafael Perez - LAPD's Notorius Cop: LinkLAPD Detective Frank Lyga on Killing Police Officer Kevin Gaines: LinkEx-LAPD Officer Sentenced in Bank of America Robbery - Los Angeles Times: LinkEx-LAPD Officer Is Stabbed in Prison - Los Angeles Times: Link2nd-Oldest Barracks in U.S. Closes : Marines Won't Be Defending Maine Anymore - Los Angeles Times: LinkA Brief History of the Consent Decree: Link

What happens when your home is built on top of 20,000 tons of toxic chemical and radioactive waste? What about the park? The playground? Your child's school? These questions were all too real for the residents of one sleepy Niagara Falls suburb, little they know they were in the fight of their lives. Learn more about the Love Canal disaster in this week's episode.Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkShirts and more: LinkSources and Further ReadingMaking Love Canal: LinkLove Canal & Lois Gibbs 35 Years Later: LinkABC News Close-Up: The Killing Ground (1979): LinkResidents say Love Canal chemicals continue to make them sick: LinkA history of the Love Canal disaster, 1893 to 1998: LinkThere's No Love Lost for Entrepreneur Who Envisioned Model City: LinkThe International Boundary Water Treaty: LinkLove Canal - Public Health Time Bomb: LinkLove Canal: A Special Report to the Governor & Legislature: April 1981: LinkLawsuits: Love Canal still oozes 35 years later: Link

On February 29, 2004, American troops landed in Haiti to depose the country's first democratically elected president. Who was Jean-Bertrand Aristide, why was he overthrown by two (2) US-backed coups, and what role does it play in the context of greater US-Haiti relations?Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkShirts and more: LinkSources and Further ReadingLest we forget the Ottawa Initiative on Haiti: LinkNew documents detail how Canada helped plan 2004 coup d'état in Haiti: LinkThe other regime change: LinkA Haitian Leader of Paramilitaries Was Paid by C.I.A.: LinkReparation day: LinkAn Interview with Jean-Bertrand Aristide: LinkU.S. is Still Undermining Haiti: LinkBush's man for Cuba author of the Haitian disaster: LinkHaiti Human Rights Investigation: November 11-21, 2004: LinkThe 2004 coup d'état in Haiti: Canada's legacy: LinkAristide says U.S. deposed him in 'coup d'etat': LinkAristide accuses U.S. of forcing his ouster: LinkIn Haiti: LinkAn Interview with Robert Fatton: Link25 Years After 'Operation Uphold Democracy,' Experts Say the Oft-Forgotten U.S. Military Intervention Still Shapes Life in Haiti: Link

You've seen it- a black flag bearing the silhouette of a forlorn prisoner, emblazoned with the letters POW MIA. The enduring myth of the missing Vietnam POWs, symbolized by this flag, is a conspiracy theory that has persisted into the current day, but its roots can be traced back to the political schemes of Richard Nixon. What's the story behind the POW MIA flag and the right wing mass movement that inspired it? Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkShirts and more: LinkSources and Further ReadingThe Enduring Cult of the Vietnam ‘Missing in Action': LinkThe Story Behind the POW/MIA Flag: LinkThe Myth of the Lost POWs: LinkPrisoners of hope : exploiting the POW/MIA myth in America: LinkThe Vietnam myth that gave us all those ‘Rambo' movies: LinkDefense POW/MIA Accounting Agency: LinkReview: Nixon as Madman: LinkVIETNAM: The Other Prisoners: LinkAmericans Missing In Southeast Asia, Final Report: LinkColonel Gritz's Dubious Mission: Link

On July 16, 1976, the worst nuclear accident in American history- the second worst in the world- took place at a uranium mill in Navajo Nation. 94,000,000 gallons of nuclear sludge, and over 1000 tons of uranium tailings rushed into the Puerco River when an dam failed at the United Nuclear Corporation's Church Rock Mine. Though the disaster poisoned thousands of Navajo people in the surrounding areas, contaminating hundreds of square miles with cancer causing radioactive waste, the victims were given $2000 each and left to die. UNC would go on to clean up just 1% of the spill, and to this day 85% of the radiation remains. What was the Church Rock Mill disaster, and why have you probably never heard of it?Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkShirts and more: LinkSources and Further ReadingNavajos Battle for Environmental Justice, Church Rock Spill: LinkForgotten nuclear accident in Church Rock: LinkRemembering the largest radioactive spill in U.S. history: LinkChurch Rock, America's Forgotten Nuclear Disaster, Is Still Poisoning Navajo Lands 40 Years Later: LinkOn Poisoned Ground: LinkNavajo Nation: Cleaning Up Abandoned Uranium Mines: LinkUranium Processing: LinkA Brief History of: The Church Rock Uranium Mill Disaster (Short Documentary): LinkHow the US poisoned Navajo Nation: LinkUNC Resources At Odds With New Mexico Over Uranium: LinkNortheast Church Rock Mine: Link

On November 10, 1995, the government of Nigeria, at the urging of Royal Dutch Shell, executed nine environmental and indigenous rights activists known as the Ogoni 9. They had fought nonviolently to protect their ancestral home: a 400 square mile area of the Niger River Delta known as Ogoniland, which had been turned into hell on earth by decades of oil extraction. Who were the Ogoni 9, how did they fight back, and has there been any justice for these terrible crimes?Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkShirts and more: LinkNigeria: Ogoni 9 activists remembered 25 years on: LinkRemembering Nigeria's Ogoni 9, Murdered for Their Organizing Against Shell: LinkNigeria: Shell complicit in the arbitrary executions of Ogoni Nine as writ served in Dutch court: LinkDutch court will hear widows' case against Shell over deaths of Ogoni Nine: LinkThe Case Against Shell: The Hanging of Ken Saro-Wiwa: LinkThe final Trial of Ken Saro-Wiwa: LinkFaces Of Africa Ken Saro-Wiwa: All For My People: LinkLong-term effects of oil spills in Bodo, Nigeria: LinkKen Saro-Wiwa / Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People: LinkCleaning up Nigerian oil pollution could take 30 years, cost billions – UN: LinkOgoni Bill of Rights: LinkKen Saro-Wiwa trial proceedings to resume without adequate legal defense: LinkTHE KEN SARO-WIWA TRIAL: A JUDICIAL TRAVESTY THAT MADE NIGERIA A COMMONWEALTH PARIAH: LinkIt took five tries to hang Saro-Wiwa: LinkKen-Saro Wiwa Killer Judge Becomes Acting Chief Judge Of Nigeria: Link

In August 1996, investigative reporter Gary Webb published a series of three articles that shined light on a vast network of international cocaine smuggling that had both caused to crack epidemic, and was sanctioned by the CIA. Though his reporting was meticulous and factual, major newspapers engaged in a massive campaign to discredit him and his work, culminating in Webb's blacklisting from journalism followed by a tragic end. How was the CIA involved in the crack trade, what was Dark Alliance, and why was it suppressed? Find out in this episode.Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkShirts and more: LinkSources and Further ReadingSay Hello to Rick Ross: LinkDark Alliance, Part I, America's 'crack' plague has roots in Nicaragua war: LinkDark Alliance, Part II, Shadowy origins of 'crack' epidemic: LinkDark Alliance, Part III, War on drugs has unequal impact on black Americans: LinkHow the CIA Watched Over the Destruction of Gary Webb: LinkCIA-Contra Crack Cocaine Controversy, Chapter 2, Part I: LinkCIA Reading Room, Managing a Nightmare: CIA Public Affairs and the Drug Conspiracy Story: LinkGary Webb: In His Own Words (2002) | CIA Cocaine Dark Alliance: LinkFreeway Rick Ross Interview About CIA Involvement: LinkWritten in Pain: Link

Episode 121: From 1945 to 1959, the United States brought 1600 Nazi scientists to America in order to leverage their knowledge against the Soviets. Many were unrepentant war criminals who had played active roles in the slave trade and the Holocaust almost all were given American citizenship and died peacefully as free men. How did this secret Nazi rescue program impact our modern world? How did the American government whitewash its role? (Hint: it's anti-Communism)Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkShirts and more: LinkSources and Further ReadingAnnie Jacobsen, "Operation Paperclip": LinkSecret Agenda: The United States Government, Nazi Scientists, and Project Paperclip, 1945 to 1990: LinkU.S. coverup of Nazi scientists: LinkAlsos, Samuel A. Goudsmit: LinkFighting Justice at Dachau: U.S. War Crimes Trial Policies and Cold War Politics in the Concentration Camp Trial of 'Nordhausen-Dora', 1947: LinkUnited States Army Investigation and Trial Records of War Criminals United Stales of America r. Kurt Andrae et al. (and Related Cases) April 27, 1945-June 11, 1958: LinkRemembering the Space Age, Chapter 5: Creating a Memory of the German Rocket Program for the Cold War: LinkDr. Theodor H. Benzinger, 94, Inventor of the Ear Thermometer: LinkA Scientist's Nazi-Era Past Haunts Prestigious Space Prize: LinkHow 2 Pro-Nazi Nobelists Attacked Einstein's "Jewish Science" [Excerpt]: LinkCombined Intelligence Objectives Sub-Committee (CIOS) Reports, 1944 - 1945: LinkWernher von Braun, the SS, and Concentration Camp Labor: Questions of Moral, Political, and Criminal Responsibility: LinkThalidomide's Secret Past: The Link with Nazi Germany: Link

Episode 120: Part 2 of 2. Throughout the Cold War, the CIA maintained a vast web of secret publications that it used to influence public thought and perceptions of the United States. Meanwhile back home, it funded successful attempts to remove politics and philosophy from American creative writing. Find out how the CIA manipulated writing and literature to its own anticommunist aims in this episode.Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkShirts and more: LinkSources and Further ReadingHow Iowa Flattened Literature: LinkHow the CIA Helped Shape the Creative Writing Scene in America: LinklSaunders, Frances Stonor. The cultural cold war: The CIA and the world of arts and letters. New Press, The, 2013.The CIA and the Cultural Cold War Revisited: LinkPablo Neruda: the hidden story behind winning the Nobel: LinkThe Paris Review: Boris Pasternak, The Art of Fiction No. 25: LinkWhitney, Joel. Finks: How the CIA Tricked the World's Best Writers. OR Books, 2017.‘Workshops of Empire,' by Eric Bennett: LinkBennett, Eric. Workshops of Empire: Stegner, Engle, and American Creative Writing during the Cold War. University of Iowa Press, 2015.

Episode 119: Part 1 of 2. Throughout the 1950s, the CIA, through a number of secret fronts, provided funding and publicity for abstract modern art in the United States. Jackson Pollock and Mark Rothko became arrows in the Cold War quiver, as the Agency turned them, and scores of other modern artists into unwitting agents of American propaganda. How and why did the CIA accomplish this, and what does it mean for the relationship between modernism and politics?Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkShirts and more: LinkSources and Further ReadingHow MoMA and the CIA Conspired to Use Unwitting Artists to Promote American Propaganda During the Cold War: LinkArt For Art's Sake: LinkModern art was CIA 'weapon': LinkHow the CIA Secretly Used Jackson Pollock to Fight the Cold War: LinkThe New American Painting, 1959: LinkThe new American painting, as shown in eight European countries, 1958-1959: LinkAn Era-Defining 1930s Mural of American Excess and Industry Is Revived: LinkDickstein, Morris. Dancing in the dark: A cultural history of the Great Depression. WW Norton & Company, 2009.Alfred Barr, ‘Introduction', in The New American Painting, 1959: LinkThe CIA and the Cultural Cold War Revisited: Link

Episode 118: Part 2 of 2. The American War in Afghanistan was defined by its cruelty, inhumanity, and futility. This episode takes a look at the history of Afghanistan in the 21st century, consumed by the shadow of America's longest war.Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkShirts and more: LinkSources and Further ReadingThe Other Afghan Women: LinkThe Kill Team Photos: LinkThe CIA's Afghan Death Squads: LinkUS Marine sniper unit photographed with 'Nazi SS' flag: LinkThe Taliban Peace Deal Might Have Been Had Many Years and Thousands of Lives Ago: LinkBush rejects Taliban offer to hand Bin Laden over: LinkObama's Pentagon Covered Up War Crimes in Afghanistan, Says Amnesty International: LinkUS threatens to arrest ICC judges if they pursue Americans for Afghan war crimes: LinkYears later, a flattened Afghan village reflects on U.S. bombardment: LinkSpy in Disguise: LinkThe Informants: LinkFACTSHEET: THE NYPD MUSLIM SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM: LinkTHE NOT-ABOUT-IRAQI-OIL IRAQI OIL MAP: LinkThe U.S. War in Afghanistan: LinkAgreement for Bringing Peace to Afghanistan: LinkTraining Quick and Staffing Unfinished, Army Units Brace for Surging Taliban: LinkIn Reversal, Obama Says U.S. Soldiers Will Stay in Afghanistan to 2017: LinkUS soldiers 'killed Afghan civilians for sport and collected fingers as trophies': LinkU.S. Soldiers Told to Ignore Sexual Abuse of Boys by Afghan Allies: LinkTimes Investigation: In U.S. Drone Strike, Evidence Suggests No ISIS Bomb: Link

Episode 117: It's known as “The Graveyard of Empires,” and its history certainly lives up to the nickname— as news about Afghanistan is plastered across television screens throughout America, let's take a look at the history of the country so many know so little about. Part 1 of 2.Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkShirts and more: LinkSources and Further ReadingThe Other Afghan Women: LinkThe Kill Team Photos: LinkThe CIA's Afghan Death Squads: LinkUS Marine sniper unit photographed with 'Nazi SS' flag: LinkThe Taliban Peace Deal Might Have Been Had Many Years and Thousands of Lives Ago: LinkRemembering the Saur Revolution: LinkThe Taliban indoctrinates kids with jihadist textbooks paid for by the U.S.: LinkBush rejects Taliban offer to hand Bin Laden over: LinkGeopolitics, profit, and poppies: how the CIA turned Afghanistan into a failed narco-state: LinkLife of the Amir Dost Mohammad Khan of Kabul: Link“If She Escapes She Will Publish Everything”: Lady Sale and the Media Frenzy of the First Anglo-Afghan War (1839–1842): LinkThe Saur Revolution and After: LinkThe Causes of the Second Anglo-Afghan War, a Probe into the Reality of the International Relations in Central Asia in the Second Half of the 19th Century: LinkGovernment and Society in Afghanistan: The Reign of Amir ‘Abd Al-Rahman Khan: LinkStorm-333: KGB and Spetsnaz seize Kabul, Soviet-Afghan War 1979: Link

Episode 116: On July 3, 1988, the USS Vincennes, an American cruiser, sailed into Iranian waters and launched a surface to air missile at Iran Air Flight 655, which it supposedly mistook for a fighter jet. Out of the 290 on board non survived. What were the events that led up to July 3rd, and how did the American government respond?Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkShirts and more: LinkSources and Further ReadingThe 8th Minute: The 'Forgotten' US Shootdown of Iranian Airliner Flight 655: LinkJuly 4, 1988 CBS News - Downing of Iran Air Flight 655 & Reagan & Ayatollah's Responses: LinkREAGAN APOLOGIZED TO IRAN FOR DOWNING OF JETLINER: LinkIran Air Flight 655 and Beyond: Free Passage, Mistaken Self-Defense, and State Responsibility (Paywall): LinkThe Downing of Iran Air Flight 655: Highlighting the Need for International Adjudication of Damages (Paywall): LinkStorm Center: The U.S.S. Vincennes and Iran Air Flight 655: LinkIran remembers 290 passengers of Iran Air flight 655: Link

Episode 115: Throughout the Cold War, the United States, through the CIA, funded, supplied, and protected a vast continental network of right-wing death squads that spanned South America. This genocidal collaboration between the CIA and six US-backed dictatorships was known as Operation Condor. In its wake, it left 80,000 dead, and 400,000 more disappeared into secret prisons. Learn about the life and legacy of Operation Condor in this week's episode.Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkShirts and more: LinkSources and Further ReadingReviewed Work: State Violence and Genocide in Latin America: The Cold War Years (Paywall): LinkArgentina and “Los Desaparecidos”: LinkKissinger backed dirty war against left in Argentina: LinkThe Chicago Boys in Chile: Economic Freedom's Awful Toll: LinkMy Case Against Pinochet: LinkTerror on Embassy Row, Revisited: Link‘This was not an accident. This was a bomb.': LinkThe Regime of Alfredo Stroessner (Paywall): LinkHow Paraguay's 'Archive of Terror' put Operation Condor in focus: Link

Episode 114: On November 14, 1974, a labor activist and chemical worker named Karen Silkwood left a union meeting and set out to blow the whistle to a reporter from the New York Times. She was never seen alive again. Who killed Karen Silkwood?Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkShirts and more: LinkSources and Further ReadingMuseum remembers Karen Silkwood: LinkThe Killing of Karen Silkwood: The Story Behind The Kerr-McGee Plutonium Case, Second Edition: LinkPublic Health and the Law, the Case of Karen Silkwood: LinkLamar University, notable alumni: LinkForty years later, Silkwood's children reflect: LinkNuclear Fuel Plant Mystery- Nature Magazine, 1975: LinkKaren Silkwood: Disillusioned: LinkKaren Silkwood Was Right in Plutonium Scandal- Rolling Stone, 1977: LinkMalignant Giant: The Nuclear Industry's Terrible Power and How It Silenced Karen Silkwood: LinkThe Life and Accidental (?) Death of Karen Silkwood: Link

Episode 113: Throughout the Cold War the CIA organized, funded, and supplied a network of secret armies across Europe. Recruited from fascist anti-Communist circles, these groups wove a vast web domestic terrorism— carrying out bombing campaigns, massacres, military coups, and more, all in the name of freedom, democracy, and keeping the Left out of office. Learn more about the infamous and insidious Operation Gladio in this week's episode.Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkSources and Further ReadingEvolution in Europe; Italy Discloses Its Web Of Cold War Guerrillas: LinkThree jailed for 1969 Milan bomb: LinkTerrorists 'helped by CIA' to stop rise of left in Italy: LinkThe Explosion of Italian Terrorism and the Piazza Fontana Massacre as Seen by the United States: Link50 years since the Piazza Fontana bombing and Italy is still facing-up to its ‘years of lead: LinkItalian Neofascism: The Strategy of Tension and the Politics of Nonreconciliation: LinkWestern State-Sponsored Terrorism and the Strategy of Tension: LinkCIA Organized Secret Army in Western Europe: LinkGreece: Answering to History: LinkWilliam Blum, Killing Hope: U.S. Military and CIA Interventions Since World War IIUnited States and NATO inspired 'psychological warfare operations' against the 'Kurdish communist threat' in Turkey: LinkTurkey's "Deep-State" and the Ergenekon Conundrum: Link

Episode 111: On May 31, 1889, a 60 foot wall of water tore through the city of Johnstown, destroying everything in its path. In the end, over 2,000 lay dead, and all so some rich guys could catch a couple fish.Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkSources and Further Reading

Episode 111: Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkSources and Further ReadingDan White's audio confession after killing Harvey Milk & George Moscone: LinkOfficial biography of Harvey Milk: LinkForty years after his death, Harvey Milk's legacy still lives on: LinkThe Last Words of Harvey Milk [Full Audio Clip]: LinkThe Mayor of Castro Street: The Life and Times of Harvey Milk: LinkSan Francisco Voters Information Pamphlet, General Election, 1976: LinkHow The 1975 Community Congress Reshaped San Francisco Politics: Link40 years ago, San Francisco adopted historic gay rights law: LinkDaniel James White Trial: 1979: LinkThe Legacy of Dan White: LinkHarvey Milk, Hero and Martyr: LinkThe Times of Harvey Milk: Link

Episode 110: It’s been 36 years since the Philadelphia Police Department dropped two bombs on the roof of a house in West Philadelphia, killing 11 people, including five children, in an attempt to destroy the environmentalist Black liberation group MOVE. What were the events of that led up to the MOVE Bombing, and has anyone ever faced any consequences for this act of state terror?Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkSources and Further ReadingOn a Move- website of the MOVE Organization: LinkThe day Philadelphia bombed its own people: LinkI'm From Philly. 30 Years Later, I'm Still Trying To Make Sense Of The MOVE Bombing: LinkPHILADELPHIAS CHIEF SAYS HE WANTED FIRE TO BURN: LinkThe day police bombed a city street: can scars of 1985 Move atrocity be healed?: LinkMOVE Bombing at 30: "Barbaric" 1985 Philadelphia Police Attack Killed 11 & Burned a Neighborhood: LinkLET THE FIRE BURN: Link'This is huge': black liberationist speaks out after her 40 years in prison: LinkMOVE Documentary 1978 Confrontation Video - Shootout: LinkThirty Years Later, MOVE Still Hurts: LinkWilliam Richmond, fire commissioner: LinkPhiladelphia discovers the cremated remains of MOVE bombing victims after a city health official's resignation: LinkRemains of children killed in MOVE bombing sat in a box at Penn Museum for decades: Link

Episode 109: On Easter Sunday, 1873, a band of Klansmen and Confederate veterans committed one of the most sickening acts of violence of the Reconstruction era. In the Colfax Massacre white supremacists murdered mover 100 people in an attempt to overturn to Louisiana gubernatorial election of 1872, and cement the grip of white supremacy over the SouthTwitter: Link Patreon: LinkSources and Further ReadingThe 1873 Colfax Massacre Crippled the Reconstruction Era: LinkThe Colfax Massacre (1873): LinkThe failure of Reconstruction was a ruthless act of sabotage: LinkWhat If Reconstruction Hadn’t Failed?: LinkDemocracy and the Origins of the American Regulatory State, Chapter 5. The Election of 1868: LinkEnforcing the Fifteenth Amendment, 1870-1877: LinkEnforcing the Enforcement Acts: The Department of Justice in Northern Mississippi, 1870-1890: LinkThe Day Freedom Died: The Colfax Massacre, the Supreme Court, and the Betrayal of Reconstruction: LinkThe Colfax Massacre: The Untold Story of Black Power, White Terror, and the Death of Reconstruction: LinkThe Colfax Massacre a Forgotten Chapter of Violence: LinkFind a Grave, Colfax Riot Memorial: Link“The Liberty of the Nation is in Jeopardy”: Views on the Battle of Liberty Place F ty Place From Beyond Dixie: Link

Episode 108: In the 1850s and 1860s, the young city of Chicago was blighted by disease, its growth hampered by its lack of a sewer system. In order to solve the city’s constant public health crises, a group of engineers concocted a plan that would be unthinkable today: physically lifting an entire city out of the muck.Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkSources and Further ReadingChicago’s ‘sunken’ homes are remnants of a bold effort to raise the city out of the mud: LinkIt Happened in Chicago: LinkRaising and Watering a City: Ellis Sylvester Chesbrough and Chicago's First Sanitation System: LinkBoom, Bust, and Recovery in Early Chicago, 1835–1850: LinkChicago's waste lands: refuse disposal and urban growth, 1840-1990: Link

Episode 107: Let’s take a ride through history while examining the state of American transit infrastructure, the lost streetcars of the past, and the 1940s corporate conspiracy that may have stripped transit from your city. Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkSources and Further ReadingReport Card on America’s Infrastructure: LinkRailroads in the Late 19th Century: LinkThe world’s first electric streetcar: LinkImpact on Transit Patronage of Cessation or Inauguration of Rail Service: LinkPeter Yorke and the 1907 San Francisco Carmen's Strike: LinkThe PHILADELPHIA TRACTION MONOPOLY AND THE PENNSYLVANIA CONSTITUTION OF 1874: THE PROSTITUTION OF AN IDEAL: LinkMoving the Masses: Urban Public Transit in New York, Boston, and Philadelphia, 1880-1912: LinkBloody Tuesday: LinkStreetcars, A History: LinkEngineering Invention: Frank J. Sprague and the U.S. Electrical Industry: LinkUnited States v. National City Lines(1948): LinkUnited States v. National City Lines, Inc.(1949): LinkUnited States v. National City Lines, Inc.(1951): Link

Episode 106: At 2:25 AM on November 28, 1953, a CIA bacteriologist and chemical warfare specialist named Frank Olson got up, and ran across a dark room in his underwear, dodging two beds, to hurdle through a closed window with the blinds closed and the curtains drawn, falling 10 stories to his death. At least…that’s the official story. Frank Olson was an unwitting participant in a covert operation called MKULTRA, a two decade long crusade to develop mind control through non-consensual human experimentation. Increasingly disillusioned with his work at the CIA, and intimately knowledgeable of both MKULTRA and American use of biological weapons, Frank Olson was the man who knew too much. Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkSources and Further ReadingThe Montreal Experiments: brainwashing and the ethics of psychiatric experimentation: LinkThe past Porton Down can't hide: LinkKinzer, Stephen. Poisoner in chief: Sidney Gottlieb and the CIA search for mind control. Henry Holt, 2019.The CIA's Secret Quest For Mind Control: Torture, LSD And A 'Poisoner In Chief': LinkHooper, Troy. "Operation Midnight Climax: How the CIA Dosed SF Citizens with LSD." SF Weekly (2012).Criminal Poisoning: Clinical and Forensic Perspectives: LinkWolves, Jackals, and Foxes: The Assassins Who Changed History: LinkCodename Artichoke, The CIA's Secret Experiments on Humans: LinkSix decades later, sons seek answers on death of Detrick scientist: Link

Episode 105: Unfortunately, America has a long history of unethical medical experimentation, a tradition that’s caused mass suffering around the globe, and served to massively decrease trust in medicine. This episode covers the CIA’s fake Pakistani vaccination program, the Guatemalan Syphilis Experiments, and the Cincinnati Radiation Experiments.Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkSources and Further ReadingCoronavirus Attitude Tracker Survey Pakistan: LinkHow Drone Strikes and a Fake Vaccination Program Have Inhibited Polio Eradication in Pakistan: An Analysis of National Level Data: LinkCIA organised fake vaccination drive to get Osama bin Laden's family DNA: LinkIn Pakistan, Legacy of Fake CIA Vaccination Programs Leads to Vaccine Hesitancy: LinkExperimentation on Prisoners: Persistent Dilemmas in Rights and Regulations: LinkThe Army tested 'germ warfare' on the NYC subway by smashing lightbulbs full of bacteria: LinkIn the Name of Science: A History of Secret Programs, Medical Research, and Human Experimentation: LinkAcres of Skin: Human Experiments at Holmesburg Prison: LinkThe Treatment: The Story of Those Who Died in the Cincinnati Radiation Tests: LinkA little too much of the buchenwald touch? Military radiation research at the university of Cincinnati, 1960–1972: LinkWorse Than Tuskegee: LinkJudge dismisses $1 billion Guatemalan syphilis experiment case against Hopkins, others: LinkBlack Americans Are Getting COVID Vaccines at Lower Rates Than White Americans: Link

Episode 104: Some call it "The Forgotten War," and they definitely have a point- the Korean War has not been memorialized in the American memory, it had neither the scale of World War II, nor the cultural impact of Vietnam. Make no mistake: brutal, horrifying, and influential, the Korean War is more important than you know. This episode takes a look at the history of the Korean Conflict, and how America's heinous war crimes helped shape a century of foreign policy.Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkSources and Further ReadingLand Reform, Collectivisation and the Peasants in North Korea: LinkTehran 1943: military strategy and military policy: LinkRace and Migration in Imperial Japan: LinkImperial Japan at Its Zenith: LinkImperial Japan and National Identities in Asia, 1895-1945: LinkThe Impact of the Korean War on the Cold War: LinkThe Origins of the Korean War: Second Edition: LinkNO GUN RI: Official Narrative and Inconvenient Truths: LinkThe Bridge at No Gun Ri: A Hidden Nightmare from the Korean War: LinkThe United States' Role in the Korea Jeju April 3rd Tragedy and its Responsibility for 'Social Healing Through Justice': LinkThe United States and Biological Warfare: Secrets from the Early Cold War and Korea: LinkWilliams, Peter, and David Wallace. Unit 731: Japan's secret biological warfare in World War II. New York: Free Press, 1989. HarvardLetter on Korean War Massacre Reveals Plan to Shoot Refugees Historian Discovers U.S. Envoy's Writings Relating to No Gun Ri: LinkPentagon withheld document from report on Korean War killings: Link

Episode 103: During the Great Depression, as millions of Americans went hungry, and 2/3rds of families were in poverty, famers across the country destroyed their crops- burning wheat, cracking eggs, and pouring out milk. This episode explores the history of the Agricultural Adjustment Act, and asks: what kind of society would burn food while its people starve?Twitter: Link Patreon: LinkSources and Further ReadingPortland police officers ‘guarding’ Fred Meyer dumpsters as residents seek discarded food: LinkAGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT (1933, REAUTHORIZED 1938): LinkNew Deal, Third: LinkStatistical Abstract of the United States: 1935: LinkFrom the Great Depression to Today, a Long History of Food Destruction in the Face of Hunger: LinkHUNGER IN AMERICA: The Definitions, Scope, Causes, History and Status of the Problem of Hunger in the United States: LinkHunger in America: LinkWhat Causes Capitalist Crises: Under-Consumption or Overproduction?: Link

Episode 102: From 1943 to 1944, as a result of decades of exploitative colonial policy, and intentional neglect from the British government, a terrible famine gripped the colonial Indian province of Bengal. Estimates bring the death toll in Bengal alone to three million people. This episode covers the history of colonial rule in India, and the intentional engineering of the genocidal Bengal Famine, the brutality of which has been compared to the Holocaust.Hidden History Patreon: LinkSources and Further ReadingThe Great Bengal Famine: Link Honourable Company: A History of the English East India Company: LinkThe East India Company 1784 - 1834: LinkThe Illustrated History of the British Empire in India and the East: LinkColonial Frontiers of the Georgian State: East India Company's Rule in India: LinkThe Lion and the Tiger: The Rise and Fall of the British Raj, 1600-1947: LinkThe Passing of Empire: The Mughal Case: LinkGovernment by Committee: An Essay on the British Constitution: LinkHungry Bengal: War, Famine and the End of Empire: LinkImperial Airs: Leo Amery, Air Power and Empire, 1873–1945: Link

Episode 101: From 1950 to 1954, as a part of his rabid anti-Communist crusade, a notorious liar and habitually drunk Senator from Wisconsin, Joseph McCarthy, led a crusade against homosexuals in the American government that would influence anti-gay policy all the way up until the 1990s. What was the Lavender Scare, why did it happen, and what does it say about the nature of propaganda?Hidden History Patreon: LinkSources and Further ReadingU.S. Sen. Joseph R. McCarthy Speaks in Wheeling: LinkThe Reagan administration's unbelievable response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic: LinkThe Lavender Scare: The Cold War Persecution of Gays and Lesbians in the Federal Government: LinkAmerica’s Cold War Empire: Exporting the Lavender Scare: LinkCommunist and Homosexual: The FBI, Harry Hay, and the Secret Side of the Lavender Scare, 1943–1961: LinkJoe McCarthy and the Press: LinkFifties Feds, Fags, and Femmes: LinkPERVERTS CALLED GOVERNMENT PERIL; Gabrielson, G.O.P. Chief, Says They Are as Dangerous as Reds--Truman's Trip Hit Gabrielson Warns Industry: Link

Episode 100: On February 20th, 1939, twenty thousand American Nazis held a rally in Madison Square Garden, declaring George Washington as the “first fascist.” How did Nazi movements come to thrive in the United States, and what were the social and historical conditions that paved the way for their success?Hidden History Patreon: LinkSources and Further ReadingHitler's American Model: The United States and the Making of Nazi Race Law: LinkNazi action T4 euthanasia programme: historical research, individual life stories and the culture of remembrance: LinkThe Nazi Connection: Eugenics, American Racism, and German National Socialism: LinkThe Horrifying American Roots of Nazi Eugenics: LinkLegalizing Hate: The Significance of the Nuremburg Laws and the post-War Nuremburg Trials: LinkHenry Ford and "The International Jew": LinkHenry Ford and the Jews : The Mass Production of Hate: LinkAnti-Semitism and American History: LinkCannistraro, Philip V. Blackshirts in Little Italy: Italian Americans and Fascism, 1921-1929. Vol. 17. Bordighera Incorporated, 1999.Wolf, Cameron. "Fritz Kuhn's Nazi America: Kuhn's Growth and Destruction of the German American Bund in the 1930s." PhD diss., Department of History, University of Kansas, 2019.Post-War Further ReadingVeil of Protection: Operation Paperclip and the Contrasting Fates of Wernher von Braun and Arthur Rudolph: LinkAmerican Fuehrer: George Lincoln Rockwell and the American Nazi Party: LinkThe dialectics of historical fantasy: The ideology of George Lincoln Rockwell: LinkDr. Space: The Life of Wernher von Braun: LinkBecoming a Racist: Women in Contemporary Ku Klux Klan and Neo-Nazi Groups: LinkThe Beast Reawakens: Fascism's Resurgence from Hitler's Spymasters to Today’s Neo-Nazi Groups and Right Wing Extremists: LinkReichsrock: The International Web of White-Power and Neo-Nazi Hate Music: Link

Episode 99: This week’s episode is about COINTELPRO, the secret, illegal spying and assassination program orchestrated by the FBI from 1956 to (technically) 1971, and the 1999 trail that established that the United States Government was likely part of a conspiracy to assassinate Martin Luther King, Jr.Hidden History Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/hiddenhistorypodSourcesComplete Transcript of the Martin Luther King, Jr. Assassination Conspiracy Trial, November 15 to December 8, 1999: https://bit.ly/3qpAhleCOINTELPRO: The Untold American Story: https://bit.ly/3szRgmADomestic terrorism: Notes on the state system of oppression: https://bit.ly/2N39wVcPeter Bohmer, Faculty at Evergreen State College: https://bit.ly/3nQB9xIThe COINTELPRO Papers: https://bit.ly/3sqBkmG“Character Assassins”: How the FBI Used the Issue of Homosexuality against the Black Freedom Struggle: https://bit.ly/35MVi1bBerlet, Chip. "Re–framing dissent as criminal subversion." CovertAction Quarterly 41 (1992): 35-41.Novick, Michael. Blue by Day, White by Night: Organized White Supremacist Groups in Law Enforcement Agencies. PART, 1991.The King Trial: https://bit.ly/2XKugTZ

Episode 96: This week’s episode talks about the history of American empire and international intervention, the creation of the “Banana Republic,” the Spanish American War, and the aggressive imperial policy of 1900s America.Hidden History Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/hiddenhistorypodSourcesEmpire, Public Goods, and the Roosevelt Corollary: https://bit.ly/3ouMt3rThe Roosevelt Corollary: https://bit.ly/3boQ0NhBevins, Vincent. The Jakarta Method: Washington's Anticommunist Crusade and the Mass Murder Program that Shaped Our World. Hachette UK, 2020.The Banana Wars: United States Intervention in the Caribbean, 1898–1934: https://bit.ly/3q9lJ91The Making of the Monroe Doctrine: https://bit.ly/38rVEfsThe Monroe Doctrine: Meanings and Implications: https://bit.ly/2LE25D7Banana Wars: Power, Production, and History in the Americas: https://bit.ly/35qTFpVBanana Wars: The Price of Free Trade: A Caribbean Perspective: https://bit.ly/2XnHF4dAmerican Business and the Spanish-American War: https://bit.ly/2K4eJLwAn Army for Empire: The United States Army in the Spanish-American War: https://bit.ly/35qkU3W

Episode 96:This week’s episode is a decidedly less-gruesome tale about a big catalogue, a little book, and a red-nosed reindeer.Hidden History Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/hiddenhistorypodSourcesRobert L. May: https://rb.gy/2qwdgw1944: The Removal of Sewell Avery: https://rb.gy/kprjpcMontgomery Ward & Co. Catalogue and Buyers' Guide 1895: https://rb.gy/37bf8oThe House that Came in the Mail: https://rb.gy/cmkena

Episode 96:This week’s episode is about Walter J. Freeman. Jr., the surgeon without surgical training who pioneered a brutal procedure that was used to punish the women of the 1950s for stepping out of line. Let’s talk about the gruesome and brutal history of lobotomy.Hidden History Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/hiddenhistorypodSourcesPsychosurgery, ethics, and media: a history of Walter Freeman and the lobotomy: shorturl.at/ejDV2'My Lobotomy': Howard Dully's Journey: shorturl.at/uEKPYHe was bad, so they put an ice pick in his brain...: shorturl.at/inrH2The First Lobotomy in the US Happened at George Washington University: shorturl.at/etFQYMost lobotomies were done on women: shorturl.at/avL69Diagnosing Womanhood: Lessons Learned from Gender Bias in 20th Century Psychiatry: shorturl.at/emyVW(F)ailing women in psychiatry: lessons from a painful past: shorturl.at/iyK68Race and Gender in the Selection of Patients for Lobotomy: shorturl.at/jpqCKMadwives: Schizophrenic Women in the 1950s: shorturl.at/atKS050 Years Ago, Doctors Called Domestic Violence 'Therapy': shorturl.at/qGOX3Napa State Hospital to get a history of its very own: shorturl.at/ghqEJBlack Women, Mental Hospitals, and Public Housing — A California Carceral Story: shorturl.at/dirvUWomen Who Defied Gender Roles Were Once Imprisoned In Asylums: shorturl.at/mFHY71950 Census of Institutional Population: shorturl.at/jky26Walter Freeman and James Watts collection: shorturl.at/hHPWX

Episode 94: This week’s episode is about the unrelenting agony of the American experience. Happy stuff.Hidden History Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/hiddenhistorypodSourcesThousands in Texas line up in cars to receive food before Thanksgiving: https://rb.gy/f2bxhuA 2-mile line in Arizona. A four-hour wait in Ohio. Millions seek help to avoid going hungry on Thanksgiving.: https://rb.gy/axwydvMillions of Americans Expect to Lose Their Homes as Covid Rages: https://rb.gy/lt2o0kAverage monthly apartment rent in the United States from September 2016 to February 2020: https://rb.gy/xtj8vrJeff Bezos, Elon Musk among US billionaires getting richer during coronavirus pandemic: https://rb.gy/q7clnmNever mind the 1 percent, let's talk about the 0.01 percent: https://rb.gy/dov4tiYelp data shows 60% of business closures due to the coronavirus pandemic are now permanent: https://rb.gy/hs1aztUp to 90% of minority and women owners shut out of Paycheck Protection Program, experts fear: https://rb.gy/44cei2Pelosi: ‘We Have Time’ For Stimulus, $908 Billion Framework ‘Just A Start’ And Government Will Not Shut Down: https://rb.gy/h3zvvkPotbelly, Shake Shack, Axios: Here Are All The Companies Returning PPP Money After Public Backlash: https://rb.gy/wrn2lxBillionaire Kanye West's Yeezy Received A Multimillion-Dollar PPP Loan: https://rb.gy/rhwrwpHow the COVID-19 Bailout Gave Wall Street a No-Lose Casino: https://rb.gy/pydlyd'It was not a mistake': Nancy Pelosi defends her rejection of the Trump administration's $1.8 trillion stimulus offer after throwing support behind a relief package half its size: https://rb.gy/nlznslDemocratic Socialists of America: https://rb.gy/giagaq

Episode 94: This episode talks about the beginnings of the First World War, Serbian conspiracies, the doomed campaign in Gallipoli, and a fate worse than death.Hidden History Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/hiddenhistorypodSourcesGallipoli: https://rb.gy/wcjiyuSearching for Gavrilo Princip: https://rb.gy/2lam6jThe Russian Secret Service and King Alexander Obrenović of Serbia (1900-1903): https://rb.gy/8ljzx5Serbia and the Serbs: https://rb.gy/uilegwCrime, Suicide, and the Anti‐Hero: “Waltzing Matilda” in Australia: https://rb.gy/wh5jztScottish Transnational Discourse of the Great War: A Genealogy of Eric Bogle’s “And the Band Played Waltzing Matilda” and Hugh MacDiarmid’s “At the Cenotaph”: https://rb.gy/4bqdul

Episode 93: In a world where the vast majority of corporate maneuvering is invisible to the average person, how have the actions of one specific sector, the chemical industry, unknowingly impacted each of our lives? What current problems can we trace back the actions of the chemical companies of the past? How do companies that poison the public get away with it? Is there any hope that in the near future, such companies will be held responsible and made to pay for their crimes? Hidden History Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/hiddenhistorypodSourcesThe Secret History of Lead: https://rb.gy/vgsejgDuPont’s Museum of Disastrous Chemistry Continues to Spread Its Poison: https://rb.gy/5fe3ikDuPont Made Billions Polluting Tap Water With PFAS; Will Now Make More Cleaning It Up: https://rb.gy/mpxiprHow DuPont may avoid paying to clean up a toxic 'forever chemical': https://rb.gy/zfxfjuCompanies deny responsibility for toxic ‘forever chemicals’ contamination: https://rb.gy/nmwlpgLibby asbestos case goes to Supreme Court: https://rb.gy/zrx6dzLibby, Asbestos.com : https://rb.gy/fq8hg9Md. Firm Accused Of Asbestos Coverup: https://rb.gy/6gfwveBiden EPA Transition Team Member Helped DuPont Dodge Responsibility for POFA: https://rb.gy/wmk6dr

Episode 92: Let’s talk about centrism, the election, the records of Joe Biden and Kamala Harris, anti-activism within the democratic party, and the future of politics.Hidden History Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/hiddenhistorypodSourcesS.256 - Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005: https://rb.gy/8d8li4The Crime-Bill Debate Shows How Short Americans’ Memories Are: https://rb.gy/ezxnay‘Lock the S.O.B.s Up’: Joe Biden and the Era of Mass Incarceration: https://rb.gy/rolfalKamala Harris laughed about jailing parents over truancy. But it's not funny: https://rb.gy/ddljovThe Story Behind Kamala Harris' Truancy Program: https://rb.gy/rfobwoKamala Harris Is Being Ripped for Past Stand Against the Trans Community: https://rb.gy/ttqpwsHow Kamala Harris' death penalty decisions broke hearts on both sides: https://rb.gy/32klfsFive times prosecutor Kamala Harris got the wrong guy: https://rb.gy/tyzkjaKamala Harris’ A.G. Office Tried to Keep Inmates Locked Up for Cheap Labor: https://rb.gy/urzzkmJoe Biden: America Needs the Republican Party: https://rb.gy/rudvdySen. Mitt Romney (R) Utah won't say whether he voted for Joe Biden: "That's in the rearview mirror: https://rb.gy/29d3juSpanberger criticizes Democrats' strategy in caucus call: https://rb.gy/g84nhg

Episode 91: In this episode, let’s talk about the worst industrial accident in American history, and the worst industrial accident in human history, both caused by the endless greed of the same company: Union Carbide.Hidden History Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/hiddenhistorypodSourcesMore Chemical Leaks at W.Va. Plant Disclosed by Union Carbide Corp.: https://rb.gy/wkumnzUnion Carbide Buys Back Troubled West Virginia Plant: https://rb.gy/a1undlToxic Cloud Leaks at Carbide Plant in West Virginia: https://rb.gy/6f51qiBefore Black Lung, The Hawks Nest Tunnel Disaster Killed Hundreds: https://rb.gy/p3b4pbThe Bhopal Disaster of 1984: https://rb.gy/r5iqvnUnion Carbide Corp. reports earnings for Qtr to Dec 31: https://rb.gy/k4gtjb

Episode 90: It’s time to talk about the right to, and commodification of, water, Daniel Day Lewis, and why you should hate Nestle for what they’ve done to our world.The music featured in this episode is This is the Day, by The TheHidden History Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/hiddenhistorypodSourcesCorporate Human Rights Benchmark, 2019 Findings: https://rb.gy/skm0p1Nestle USA, Inc v. John Doe: https://rb.gy/ixegfoClass action lawsuit filed against Nestle for child slavery on cocoa harvest in West African farms: https://rb.gy/ol6bidNestlé admits to forced labour in its seafood supply chain in Thailand: https://rb.gy/htwefxNestle, Infant Formula, and Excuses: The Regulation of Commercial Advertising in Developing Nations: https://rb.gy/2mvdbrNestle to respond to baby milk criticism in coming days: https://rb.gy/0tcccrNestle suspended from sustainable palm oil group following conduct breaches: https://rb.gy/kwrgk2Nestle and Unilever ‘linked to Indonesian forest fires engulfing southeast Asia in noxious haze’: https://rb.gy/vpi6bwPepsico, Unilever and Nestlé accused of complicity in illegal rainforest destruction: https://rb.gy/z0yovoNestle, Ethiopia Reach Deal Ending Embarrassing Fight: https://rb.gy/micghiNestle demanding $6 million from Ethiopia: https://rb.gy/swn04dThe right to water versus the CEO of Nestle: https://rb.gy/okann2Nestlé Chairman Peter Brabeck Says We Don’t Have a Right to Water, Believes We Do Have a Right to Water and Everyone’s Confused: https://rb.gy/gkecncUnited Nations, Water for Life Decade: https://rb.gy/rj5y2fNestlé pays $200 a year to bottle water near Flint – where water is undrinkable: https://rb.gy/fkfphuYour bottled water may be stolen from a national forest: https://rb.gy/njvruqNestle has been bottling and selling water it has no right to in drought-stricken California, state says: https://rb.gy/mr3x1xNestle bottled water operations spark protests amid California drought: https://rb.gy/uahb3v

Episode 89: This episode takes on the many different forms of housing discrimination, the systems that encourage it, and how we can put an end to it.The music featured in this episode is Comin’ Home Baby, by Mel TorméHidden History Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/hiddenhistorypodSourcesExploiting Race and Space: Subprime Lending as Housing Discrimination: https://rb.gy/xz7uvzRedlining and the Home Owners' Loan Corporation: https://rb.gy/zqiawaExamining the Black-White Wealth Gap: https://rb.gy/hghk0oImpact of the US Housing Crisis on the Racial Wealth Gap Across Generations: https://rb.gy/vaado3The relationship between LGBT inclusion and economic development: https://rb.gy/i8r96wOpening Doors: An Investigation into Barriers to Senior Housing for Same-Sex Couples: https://rb.gy/ywfa1pLending Practices to Same-Sex Borrowers: https://rb.gy/lwoujsDon’t Make Housing for the Poor too Cozy, Carson Warns: https://rb.gy/nqimd8I Won the Housing Lottery & Got a Poor Door: https://rb.gy/0udiceFinancialization of Housing: https://rb.gy/ufibp5

Episode 88: Will we ever reach a time in humanity’s existence where our ideological evolution just…stops? Is it possible to settle on one set of rules until the end of time? Are we living through the “End of History?”The music featured in this episode is Gassenhauer, by Carl OrffThe End of History?: https://www.embl.de/aboutus/science_society/discussion/discussion_2006/ref1-22june06.pdfhttps://www.patreon.com/hiddenhistorypod

Episode 87: The grand lesson of this episode is: it’s ok to laugh about Trump getting Covid.https://www.patreon.com/hiddenhistorypod

Episode 86: Let’s talk about Ruth Bader Ginsburg, the legacy of the Supreme Court, involuntary sterilization, and a chilling court case from 1927.https://www.patreon.com/hiddenhistorypod

Episode 85: In this episode, it’s time to talk about the overwhelming bleakness that comes with being a young person today, the knowing destruction of our world by fossil fuel companies, useless politicians full of empty platitudes, and why meaningful social progress is impossible under capitalism.https://www.patreon.com/hiddenhistorypod

Episode 84: On July 12th, 1979, disco died in a stadium in Chicago. Let’s talk about the social history of disco music, and the nature of reactionary movements.https://www.patreon.com/hiddenhistorypod

Episode 83: It’s time to reevaluate the presidency of Barack Obama and discuss the dangers of a “return to normalcy.”https://www.patreon.com/hiddenhistorypod

Episode 82: This episode takes a look at the American surveillance state's ultimate goal of crushing political movements, the Disposition Matrix, and the drone war.https://www.patreon.com/hiddenhistorypod

Episode 81: This episode examines an infamous ride in an almost 20 year old video game, and explores how it can be an allegory for the cruelty inherent within social systems.