Podcasts about mokyr

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In the sixth episode of the Mundus series, Estudos Medievais welcomes Cormac Ó Gráda, professor emeritus of University College Dublin, to talk about his speciality: famines throughout history. Throughout the episode, Prof Ó Gráda talks about how we can define and quantify the famines of the past, what people died of during these periods, their demographic and social impact, as well as some of the main explanations for their occurrence. Participants ⁠Cormac Ó Gráda⁠ José Francisco Sanches Fonseca Staff members Carolina⁠ Santos (edition) Cecília Silva (edition) Diego Pereira (writer)⁠⁠ Eric Cyon (edition) ⁠⁠Gabriel Cordeiro (illustrator) ⁠⁠Isabela Silva (writer)⁠ ⁠José Fonseca (writer)⁠⁠ Marina Sanchez (writer) ⁠⁠Rafael Bosch (writer) ⁠⁠Sara Oderdenge (writer) Bibliographic recommendations ALFANI, Guido; Ó GRÁDA, Cormac (Org.). Famine in European History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017. DE ZWARTE, Ingrid. The Hunger Winter. Fighting Famine in the Occupied Netherlands, 1944-1945. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,2020. DYSON, Tim; Ó GRÁDA, Cormac (Org.). Famine Demography: Perspectives from the Past and Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. MOKYR, Joel; Ó GRÁDA, Cormac. What do people die of during famines? The Great Irish Famine in comparative perspective. European Review of Economic History, Vol. 6, Nº 3. p. 339-364, 2002. NEWBY, Andrew. Finland's Great Famine, 1856-68. Londres: Palgrave Macmillan, 2023. Ó GRÁDA, Cormac. Eating people is wrong, and other essays on famine, its past, and its future. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2015. Ó GRÁDA, Cormac. Famine: a short history. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009.

We take a closer look at Britain in 1700.  Both for the purpose of setting the stage for the rest of the Enlightenment arc,  but also to examine McCloskey's framing of the Big Question, Little Problem of the Industrial Revolution.Big Question boils down to Why was western Europe able to accomplish an economic lift off in the 19th century?  specifically and only western Europe ever achieved this in all of human history.Little Problem, Why did Britain lead western Europe in such an obvious way.  And to what extent did Britain drag Europe kicking and screaming forward vs did Britain just lead a movement in Europe that was moving this way already?The structure of this season's approach to history is to say the Little Problem is the Big Problem of all history, but the above is Diedre McCloskey's framing and the exploration happens via Mokyr's The Enlightened Economy.

------------------Support the channel------------ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/thedissenter PayPal: paypal.me/thedissenter PayPal Subscription 3 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/ybn6bg9l PayPal Subscription 5 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/ycmr9gpz PayPal Subscription 10 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/y9r3fc9m PayPal Subscription 20 Dollars: https://tinyurl.com/y95uvkao This show is sponsored by Enlites, Learning & Development done differently. Check the website here: http://enlites.com/ Dr. Tibor Rutar is Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of Maribor, Slovenia, Researcher at the Center for the Study of Post-Socialist Societies in Maribor, and Researcher at the Research Center for Strategy and Governance at the University of Ljubljana. His scholarly work is currently focused on political, economic and historical sociology, particularly longstanding social issues related to democracy and capitalism. His latest book is Capitalism for Realists: Virtues and Vices of the Modern Economy. In this episode, we focus on Capitalism for Realists. We start by defining capitalism, and talk about people's current views on capitalism and socialism. We discuss what Marx got wrong about capitalism, and Dr. Rutar's approach. We talk about different explanations for the origins of capitalism, from Weber, Henrich, and Mokyr; and an alternative explanation for its development in 15th and 16th-century England. We get into topics like market exploitation and the minimum wage; the relationship between capitalism and poverty; economic inequality; the term “neoliberalism”; and claims about the morality of markets. Finally, we talk about climate change. -- A HUGE THANK YOU TO MY PATRONS/SUPPORTERS: PER HELGE LARSEN, JERRY MULLER, HANS FREDRIK SUNDE, BERNARDO SEIXAS, OLAF ALEX, JONATHAN VISSER, ADAM KESSEL, MATTHEW WHITINGBIRD, ARNAUD WOLFF, TIM HOLLOSY, HENRIK AHLENIUS, JOHN CONNORS, FILIP FORS CONNOLLY, DAN DEMETRIOU, ROBERT WINDHAGER, RUI INACIO, ZOOP, MARCO NEVES, COLIN HOLBROOK, SIMON COLUMBUS, PHIL KAVANAGH, JORGE ESPINHA, MIKKEL STORMYR, SAMUEL ANDREEFF, FRANCIS FORDE, TIAGO NUNES, ALEXANDER DANNBAUER, FERGAL CUSSEN, HAL HERZOG, NUNO MACHADO, JONATHAN LEIBRANT, JOÃO LINHARES, STANTON T, SAMUEL CORREA, ERIK HAINES, MARK SMITH, JOÃO EIRA, TOM HUMMEL, SARDUS FRANCE, DAVID SLOAN WILSON, YACILA DEZA-ARAUJO, ROMAIN ROCH, DIEGO LONDOÑO CORREA, YANICK PUNTER, ADANER USMANI, CHARLOTTE BLEASE, NICOLE BARBARO, ADAM HUNT, PAWEL OSTASZEWSKI, NELLEKE BAK, GUY MADISON, GARY G HELLMANN, SAIMA AFZAL, ADRIAN JAEGGI, NICK GOLDEN, PAULO TOLENTINO, JOÃO BARBOSA, JULIAN PRICE, EDWARD HALL, HEDIN BRØNNER, DOUGLAS FRY, FRANCA BORTOLOTTI, GABRIEL PONS CORTÈS, URSULA LITZCKE, SCOTT, ZACHARY FISH, TIM DUFFY, SUNNY SMITH, JON WISMAN, MORTEN EIKELAND, DR BYRD, DANIEL FRIEDMAN, WILLIAM BUCKNER, MAU MARIA, PAUL-GEORGE ARNAUD, LUKE GLOWACKI, GEORGIOS THEOPHANOUS, CHRIS WILLIAMSON, PETER WOLOSZYN, DAVID WILLIAMS, ROOFTOWEL, DIOGO COSTA, ANTON ERIKSSON, CHARLES MOREY, ALEX CHAU, AMAURI MARTÍNEZ, CORALIE CHEVALLIER, PEDRO BONILLA, ZIEGLER, JOÃO BARBOSA, BANGALORE ATHEISTS, LARRY D. LEE JR., OLD HERRINGBONE, STARRY, MICHAEL BAILEY, DAN SPERBER, ROBERT GRESSIS, TOM ROTH, THERPMD, IGOR N, JEFF MCMAHAN, JAKE ZUEHL, BARNABAS RADICS, AND MARK CAMPBELL! A SPECIAL THANKS TO MY PRODUCERS, YZAR WEHBE, JIM FRANK, ŁUKASZ STAFINIAK, TOM VANEGDOM, BERNARD HUGUENEY, CURTIS DIXON, BENEDIKT MUELLER, VEGA GIDEY, THOMAS TRUMBLE, KATHRINE AND PATRICK TOBIN, JONCARLO MONTENEGRO, ROBERT LEWIS, AND AL NICK ORTIZ! AND TO MY EXECUTIVE PRODUCERS, MATTHEW LAVENDER, SERGIU CODREANU, AND BOGDAN KANIVETS!

On the inaugural episode of Risk Talking, Joel Mokyr, the pathbreaking economic historian, joins Allison Schrager to discuss the past, present, and future of innovation and the modern economy. What sparked the industrial revolution? What are the intellectual underpinnings of economic growth? What is the future of work in an increasingly technologized world? And does today's stifling political environment threaten our prosperity? Mokyr and Schrager take up these questions—and much more.

Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: Potatoes: A Critical Review, published by Pablo Villalobos on May 10, 2022 on The Effective Altruism Forum. Executive summary Nunn and Qian study the effect of the introduction of potatoes in the Old World on population growth between 1700 and 1900. We think the paper credibly establishes that between one-sixth and one-quarter of the growth is a consequence of the introduction of potatoes. The main reason for doubt is the possibility of spurious correlation due to spatiotemporal autocorrelation and the fact that potatoes were mainly grown in Europe, which at the time was experiencing growth due to unrelated factors. After performing several tests to account for these concerns, we conclude they are not strong enough to reject the conclusion of the paper. Introduction During the 18th and 19th centuries we saw rapid urbanisation and a drastic increase of population throughout the world. Some attribute this to industrialization; Nunn and Qian argue that we owe that to potatoes. They are not coy about it either. “According to our most conservative estimates, the introduction of the potato accounts for approximately one-quarter of the growth in Old World population and urbanisation between 1700 and 1900”. They back their hypothesis with data from several natural experiments, studying variability of city populations and adult heights between and within countries, and relate it to the timing when potatoes were introduced in different places. In this article we will summarise, replicate and critically review Nunn and Qian's paper. We follow the methods established in (Sevilla, 2021) to study whether their findings are robust and whether they successfully establish a causal relation. Paper Summary The study purports to evaluate the causal impact of the introduction of potatoes in the Old World in population growth and urbanisation rates. The theory is that potatoes are more nutritious and provide 3x more calories per acre, so when they started being cultivated in the Old World they produced a positive shock in agricultural productivity, enabling higher populations and wealth per capita. A previous study by (Mokyr, 1981) estimated the causal effect of potatoes on population growth in Irish counties in 1845, finding an effect size of 0.7. This implies counties with high potato cultivation grew an extra 0.15% that year, compared to counties with low cultivation. In comparison, Nunn and Qian's study uses data of the whole Old World, from 1300 to 1900, instead of just Ireland in a single time slice, and looks at urbanisation rates in addition to population. To estimate the causal impact of potatoes, the authors exploit two sources of variation on each country's ability to grow potatoes: the time of introduction and the suitability of the land for potato cultivation. In their baseline analysis they find that around a quarter of the growth in population and urbanisation rates in that time period can be attributed to potatoes. The main pitfall of this strategy is that it relies on there being no other shocks during that time which are correlated with suitability for cultivation. Unfortunately, Europe is much more suitable for potato cultivation than other Old World regions, and the potato was introduced at the same time when Europe was diverging from other countries due to several unrelated factors. To check that the effect is indeed causal, the authors use several strategies: Adding several controls for alternative drivers of population and economic growth. Comparing only countries within the same continent Comparing cities within the same country Comparing the heights of soldiers in France, using their town of birth to estimate the importance of potatoes in their childhood diet. In all of those cases, they find a significant effect of potatoes on the outcome. For the within-continen...

“I tell my students, ‘If somebody utters the sentence that starts with the words, “History teaches us” the rest of the sentence is probably wrong.' History has no direct lessons for almost anything. Our own age is sufficiently different, sufficiently unique, from what happened in the past that any facile lessons from history are more likely to mislead than to enlighten.” That series of caveats comes from Joel Mokyr, who, perhaps counter-intuitively, is an economic historian. And in fact, the Robert H. Strotz Professor of Arts and Sciences and professor of economics and history at the Chicago-area Northwestern University shows in this Social Science Bites podcast that there's quite a bit to learn from history if you keep your expectations in check. For example, he explains that “the good old days weren't all that good and that the very best time to be born in human history is today. That sounds hard to believe in an age where we're all running around with face masks and facing quarantine, but it's still true.” For his own part, Mokyr tells interviewer Dave Edmonds, “I use economics to understand history, and I use history to understand economics.” Mokyr's ties to economic history are deep: he was president of the Economic History Association in 2003-04, spent four years in 1990s as senior editor of the Journal of Economic History, was editor-in-chief of the Oxford Encyclopedia of Economic History, and is currently editor-in-chief of the Princeton University Press Economic History of the Western World series of monographs. From that perch, he explains, presumably with a smile, that his peers work with ‘expired data.' Economic historians “scour the past looking for large data sets that we can use in some way to make inferences. The issue of causality becomes somewhat of an obsession in economics these days, and economic history is very much a part of this.” In this interview, Mokyr details how the improvement in the human condition he cited above is connected to the Industrial Revolution. “The Industrial Revolution is particularly important because that's where it all started -- before 1750 almost nowhere in the world were living standards approaching anything but miserable and poor.” Economic activity before the year 1750 was mostly the story of trade, he explains, while after 1750, it became the story of knowledge. “The Industrial Revolution was the slow replacement of trade and finance and commerce by another thing, and that is growing knowledge of natural phenomena and rules that can be harnessed to material welfare of people.” To demonstrate this approach, he offered the example of steel. While it has been made for centuries it wasn't until 1780 that anyone knew roughly why  this alloy of iron and carbon resulted in such a useful metal, and therefore could exploit its properties more by design than by chance. “If you don't know why something works,” Mokyr said, “it's very difficult to improve it, to tweak it.” Mokyr's scholarship has earned him a variety of honors, including the biennial Heineken Prize by the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences for a lifetime achievement in historical science in 2006. He has also written a number of prize-winning books, including The Lever of Riches: Technological Creativity and Economic Progress, The Gifts of Athena: Historical Origins of the Knowledge Economy, and most recently, A Culture of Growth.

One of the central questions of economics is "Why are some countries rich and some countries poor? And how did rich countries become rich in the first place?" Economic historian Joel Mokyr joins the podcast to discuss these questions and more.  Why did the Industrial Revolution happen in England, and not elsewhere? How did political fragmentation lead to the flourishing of innovations? What lessons can we draw from the Republic of Letters?  And what does this teach us about promoting economic growth today? Dr. Mokyr tackles all these questions and more! Further reading: A Culture of Growth - https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691180960/a-culture-of-growth Plagues Upon the Earth - https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691192123/plagues-upon-the-earth The Enlightened Economy - https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300189513/enlightened-economy   To make sure you hear every episode, join our Patreon at https://www.patreon.com/neoliberalproject. Patrons get access to exclusive bonus episodes, our sticker-of-the-month club, and our insider Slack.  Become a supporter today! Got questions for the Neoliberal Podcast?  Send them to mailbag@neoliberalproject.org Follow us at: https://twitter.com/ne0liberal https://www.instagram.com/neoliberalproject/ https://www.facebook.com/groups/1930401007051265/   Join a local chapter at https://neoliberalproject.org/join  

In the sixth episode of The Torch of Progress, we sit down with Joel Mokyr, the Robert H. Strotz Professor of Arts & Sciences and Professor of Economics & History at Northwestern University. Mokyr explores the shifting attitudes on progress and its causes throughout history. Guest Speaker: Joel Mokyr - Economist and Historian Links: Progress Studies for Young Scholars: progressstudies.school The Academy of Thought and Industry: thoughtandindustry.com The Roots of Progress Blog: rootsofprogress.org/ Higher Ground Education: tohigherground.org Guidepost Montessori: guidepostmontessori.com

Joel Mokyr is the Robert H. Strotz Professor of economic history at Northwestern University. He has a PhD from Yale, he has taught and studied all over the world, and has supervised many dozens of doctoral students in pursuit of the past. He joins us today to talk about his latest book, A Culture of Growth, and the creeping revolution that enriched the world.Further Readings/References:Mokyr, A Culture of Growth, Princeton University Press. 2017.Mokyr, Joel. The Enlightened Economy: An Economic History of Britain, 1700-1850. New Haven: Yale University Press. 2009.Prof. Mokyr’s biography & CVMusic by Kai Engel See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

My guest for this episode is Nuno Palma, he is an assistant professor of economics, econometrics, and finance at the University of Groningen. Our discussion begins with the monetary history of England. Nuno has authored a study that reconstructs England's money supply from 1270 to 1870. We discuss his methods and findings. We also discuss the influx of precious metals into European markets after the discovery of the New World. We discuss the impact of empire on economic development with reference to Nuno's work on the Portugese empire. We revisit some topics from my previous interview with Jari Eloranta. Later in the conversation, we discuss the effect of trade on economic growth during the industrial revolution. Nuno places a greater importance on international trade than McCloskey and Mokyr, but a lesser importance than historians like Wallerstein. Although gross trade flows were not particularly large, trade created new domestic industries like the porcelain industry that was created to compete with Chinese imports. Imports also encouraged urbanization among the European population, something that created many positive spillover effects over the long term.  

The Industrial Revolution (and period between 1500-1700) was an unprecedented age of technology and economic progress — not unlike today's, in fact — where we took “quantum leaps” forward in tech by taming electricity, making cheaper steel and refining iron cheaply, automating fiber looms, pumping water out of coal mines, figuring out how to measure longitude at sea, improving the quality of food, preventing smallpox, … even bleaching underwear. But what really triggered the Industrial Revolution? Why did it take place in Europe and spread beyond? It has to do with a competitive, open market of ideas — a transnational “Republic of Letters”, not unlike the early days of the blogosphere. And the conditions that created it (virtual networks, open access science, weak ties, and so on) are the very conditions we may need to sustain growth and prosperity even today, argues Joel Mokyr, professor of economics and history at Northwestern and author of the new book A Culture of Growth: The Origins of the Modern Economy. Despite fears of what new tech may bring, the alternative to not innovating is stagnation — “not doing it is worse”, argues Mokyr in this episode of the a16z Podcast. So how do we then measure that growth? How does this all play out internationally, and institutionally? And what happens when we bring shared focus to big problems, like climate change? If there's one pattern that continues to play out throughout history to today, it's that “Knowledge builds technology and technology builds knowledge.” image: Library of Congress

Michael Covel speaks with Joel Mokyr on today’s podcast. Marc Andreessen, one of the founders of Netscape, tweeted that Mokyr was one of his heroes. This intrigued Covel, and hence his desire to have Mokyr on the show. Mokyr is a economic historian at Northwestern University. He focuses on technological progress, and how it affects growth. From Mokyr’s perspective, we haven’t seen anything yet. He’s not trying to predict what will happen next; he’s just confident and ready that big things will continue to happen. Covel and Mokyr define technology; the notion of playing God with technology; how technology and economic growth are intertwined; why screwing up is part of technology; the acceleration of technology; new ways of measuring growth; anesthesia and antibiotics as technologies and imagining new technologies as revolutionary as them; moving from a wheat and steel economy into an information economy; the factory, the separation between firm and household, and the Industrial Revolution; the death of distance; why technology is often not reflected in the GDP; solving the language barrier through technology; why the global acceptance of the English language is driven by technology; why innovation isn’t natural to us; the declining respect of the writings of previous generations; why the median age will continue to increase; why we are moving into a mass-customization society; changes in material science; and the best way to think about the future. Want a free trend following DVD? Go to trendfollowing.com/win.

Joel Mokyr of Northwestern University talks with EconTalk host Russ Roberts about the future of the American economy. Mokyr rejects the claims that the we are entering an area of stagnation or permanently lower economic growth. He argues that measured growth understates the impact on human welfare. Many of the most important discoveries are new products that are often poorly measured and not reflected in measures such as gross domestic product or income. The conversation closes with a discussion of the downsides of technology and why Mokyr remains optimistic about the future.

Joel Mokyr of Northwestern University talks with EconTalk host Russ Roberts about the future of the American economy. Mokyr rejects the claims that the we are entering an area of stagnation or permanently lower economic growth. He argues that measured growth understates the impact on human welfare. Many of the most important discoveries are new products that are often poorly measured and not reflected in measures such as gross domestic product or income. The conversation closes with a discussion of the downsides of technology and why Mokyr remains optimistic about the future.