Podcasts about Qian

It's June 5th. This day in 1943, the United States is in the process of deporting Qian Xuesen, a Chinese aerospace engineer who had lived in the US for decades and contributed significantly to WWII-era scientific research.Jody, NIki, and Kellie discuss how Qian came to the U.S. in the first place, rose the scientific and political ranks -- but then got caught up in larger geopolitical fears about Chinese communism.Sign up for our newsletter! Get your hands on This Day merch!Find out more at thisdaypod.comThis Day In Esoteric Political History is a proud member of Radiotopia from PRX.Your support helps foster independent, artist-owned podcasts and award-winning stories.If you want to support the show directly, you can do so on our website: ThisDayPod.comGet in touch if you have any ideas for future topics, or just want to say hello. Follow us on social @thisdaypodOur team: Jacob Feldman, Researcher/Producer; Brittani Brown, Producer; Khawla Nakua, Transcripts; music by Teen Daze and Blue Dot Sessions; Audrey Mardavich is our Executive Producer at Radiotopia Learn about your ad choices: dovetail.prx.org/ad-choices

Have you ever tried longkang fishing, or catching fish in canals or drains as a child? If you have, you just might be familiar with the company that we’re talking about today – Qian Hu Fish Farm. After all, Qian Hu’s longkang fishing experience remains a core memory of many born in the 1990s. With its beginnings as a humble fish farm in 1988, Qian Hu now looks at aquatic and pet care solutions, with a global footprint in 80 cities and countries. The company prides itself on its expertise in ornamental fish breeding, aquaculture and pet accessories, with a focus on innovation and technology. At its ornamental fish trading division, Qian Hu Fish Farm Trading, the firm farms, imports, exports and distributes fish, with direct exports to Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia. And the number of species and varieties exported – over 1,000 of them. The industry that Qian Hu lies in is an interesting one to talk about, given Singapore's status as one of the world's top exporters of ornamental fish. Despite its position, the market remains niche, with Singapore’s export value standing at about US$35 million back in 2022. So who are the players within the industry, and what can ornamental fish exporters like Qian Hu do to improve its output and position for further growth in land scarce Singapore? Should they also diversify beyond ornamental fish? Speaking of which, Qian Hu had in 2017 established an aquaculture division in the Chinese province of Hainan to farm antibiotic-free edible fish. The division has since expanded to look at farming Marbled Goby and Vannamei shrimp in Singapore. But how has the firm’s strategic expansion into aquaculture helped it position for future growth? On Under the Radar, Money Matters’ finance presenter Chua Tian Tian posed these questions to Yap Kok Cheng, Executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Qian Hu.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Jan arbeitet dann, wenn andere noch schlafen oder schon längst Feierabend haben: Er arbeitet im Schichtdienst. Ihm gefällt die Abwechslung. Für die innere Uhr ist Schichtarbeit weniger optimal. Und auch für die Freizeit kann sie eine Herausforderung sein.**********Ihr hört: Gesprächspartner: Jan, Kraftfahrer, Straßen- und Grünflächenreiniger Gesprächspartnerin: Daniela Tieves-Sander, Soziologin und Arbeitsschützerin bei der IG Metall, hat über die Auswirkungen von Schichtarbeit promoviert Gesprächspartner: Volker Harth, Professor für Arbeitsmedizin und Maritime Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf Autor und Host: Przemek Żuk Redaktion: Stefan Krombach, Lena Mempel, Lara Lorenz, Friederike Seeger Produktion: Alexander Hardt**********Quellen:Arlinghaus, A. & Lott, Y. (2018). Schichtarbeit gesund und sozialverträglich gestalten. Nr. 3 Forschungsförderung Report. Hans-Böckler-Stiftung. Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (2022). Arbeitszeitreport Deutschland: Ergebnisse der BAuA-Arbeitszeit­befragung 2021.Harth, V. (Koor.) & Terschüren, C. (Co-Koor.) (2021). Leitlinie "Gesundheitliche Aspekte und Gestaltung von Nacht- und Schichtarbeit". Deutsche Gesellschaft für Arbeitsmedizin und Umweltmedizin.Rodenbeck, A., Mayer, G. (2023). Schichtarbeit. Somnologie 27, S. 216–225.Chellappa, S.L., Gao, L., Qian, J. et al. (2025). Daytime eating during simulated night work mitigates changes in cardiovascular risk factors: secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial. Nat Commun 16, 3186.**********Mehr zum Thema bei Deutschlandfunk Nova:Schichtarbeit: Wie schlafen wir, wenn wir nachts arbeiten?Schlaf erforschen: "Für Schichtarbeit sind wir nicht gemacht"Nachtschicht: Tipps, um wach und fit zu bleiben**********Den Artikel zum Stück findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok und Instagram .**********Meldet euch!Ihr könnt das Team von Facts & Feelings über Whatsapp erreichen.Uns interessiert: Was beschäftigt euch? Habt ihr ein Thema, über das wir unbedingt in der Sendung und im Podcast sprechen sollen?Schickt uns eine Sprachnachricht oder schreibt uns per 0160-91360852 oder an factsundfeelings@deutschlandradio.de.Wichtig: Wenn ihr diese Nummer speichert und uns eine Nachricht schickt, akzeptiert ihr unsere Regeln zum Datenschutz und bei Whatsapp die Datenschutzrichtlinien von Whatsapp.

Vanaf 8 mei is de nieuwe documentairereeks ‘De Afhaalchinees: Thuisbezorgd'  te zien, waarin programmamaker Kelly-Qian van Binsbergen naar China afreist voor een indringende zoektocht naar haar geboorteouders. Wat begint als een persoonlijke reis, groeit uit tot een confronterende ontmanteling van het internationale adoptiesysteem. Eerder maakte ze de programma's ‘De Afhaalchinees' en ‘Sexotisch'.  Presentatie: Frénk van der Linden

This episode is part two of our discussion on AI. Host Eddie Qian, MD, (Vanderbilt University Medical Center) and Matthew Churpek, MD, PhD, MPH(University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health) explore the use of large language models in clinical practice, weigh the benefits vs risks and the role clinicians may play in establishing guardrails."Patients don't just walk out of the textbook," as Dr. Qian noted. These models still require input from experienced clinicians to ensure the best outcome for patients. Listen to Part I of our AI discussion: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eZInoIjGht0&list=PLFyO68a-Ji3lKQLBIdtgUlFkEBp3t1RA5&index=8Like what you heard? Get more of Dr. Qian on the ICU Ed and Todd-cast wherever you listen to podcasts.

Send us a textBenjamin Zephaniah Day : A Festival of Rhythm, Unity & Revolution at Brunel UniversityQian Zephaniah, Benjamin's wife, hosted the inaugural Benjamin Zephaniah Day at Brunel University of London where Benjamin was a Professor of Creative Writing. The special day celebrated Benjamin's extraordinary contributions, not only to literature and education but also to the causes he championed throughout his life, including performances from poets, musicians and artists from around the world.Qian has set up the Benjamin Zephaniah Foundation to celebrate his legacy and inspire.Danieal premiered live performance of her latest music releases; a project inspired by Mento music heritage, self produced and written using everyday objects, vocal sounds and sounds from nature.After five years of the show, Reggae Uprising Podcast featured its first live stage show featuring guest, author & documentary creator; Amen Wisdom.Amen Wisdom Youtube : blahblahmanpublishingFilmed at #bruneluniversity to celebrate the legacy of #benjaminzephaniah featuring The Pan African Society, Black Dragon School of Martial Arts, Danieal, Reggae Uprising Podcast, #michaelrosen, #lintonkwesijohnson, #jeremycorbyn, Qian Zephaniah & Basil Gabbidon.DaniealSubscribe & Connect : https://www.danieal.liveReggae Uprising PodcastListen & Subscribe : https://www.danieal.live/podcastDGARMSOrganic Cotton Eco Store : https://dgarms.livePatreonAccess to full footage & exclusives : Disclaimer : The views and opinions expressed are those of guests featured and do not necessarily reflect the views or opinions of Reggae Uprising Podcast or its representatives. Reggae Uprising Podcast does not own any of the rights to any of the music or extracts featured. It is used only as a tool of education, upliftment and empowerment for and of people of Africa and its diaspora.Subscribe & Connect : www.danieal.live/podcastOfficial Merch : www.dgarms.com

“It often takes years to understand our feelings and those reasons when at a time we already have a gut feeling about it.” – Flora QianToday's featured award-winning author is a mom, wife, professor, and translator, Flora Qian. Flora and I had a fun on bun chat about her book, “South of the Yangtze”, her complex family background and the socio-political changes in China during her childhood, the resilience required to navigate different cultures and languages, and more!!Key Things You'll Learn:What it was like growing up in Shanghai during the 1980sHow high expectations and competition influenced Flora's childhood and passion for readingWhat lesson Flora learned from one of her students that upped her game as a professorWhat inspired her to become a writer and publish her award-winning book, “South of the Yangtze”The challenges of writing in a second language and navigating cultural differencesHer advice to aspiring writersFlora's Site: https://floraqian.com/Flora's Book: https://a.co/d/5gmwCMiThe opening track is titled, "Set Sail" by Sparks Dynamite. To listen to and download the full track, click the following link. https://planetastroproductions.bandcamp.com/track/set-sail-intro Please support today's podcast to keep this content coming! CashApp: $DomBrightmonDonate on PayPal: @DBrightmonBuy Me a Coffee: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/dombrightmonGet Going North T-Shirts, Stickers, and More: https://www.teepublic.com/stores/dom-brightmonThe Going North Advancement Compass: https://a.co/d/bA9awotYou May Also Like…Ep. 339.5 – From Limited to Limitless with Adri Kyser (@AdriKyserYoga): https://www.goingnorthpodcast.com/ep-3395-from-limited-to-limitless-with-adri-kyser-adrikyseryoga/Ep. 928 – The Little Book of Big Dreams with Isa Adney (@IsaAdney): https://www.goingnorthpodcast.com/ep-928-the-little-book-of-big-dreams-with-isa-adney-isaadney/Ep. 796 – The Tao of Self-Confidence with Sheena Yap Chan (@sheenayapchan): https://www.goingnorthpodcast.com/ep-796-the-tao-of-self-confidence-with-sheena-yap-chan-sheenayapchan/Ep. 761 – Be Your Own Cheerleader with Neelu Kaur (@NeeluKaur01): https://www.goingnorthpodcast.com/ep-761-be-your-own-cheerleader-with-neelu-kaur-neelukaur01/Ep. 496 – “So Empowered” with Lillian So (@SOfitSF): https://www.goingnorthpodcast.com/ep-496-so-empowered-with-lillian-so-sofitsf/

¿Realmente funcionan las tiras nasales para correr mejor? En este episodio desmontamos el mito: analizamos estudios científicos que revelan si mejoran el rendimiento, en qué situaciones pueden ayudar (como en altitud o para dormir) y por qué tantos atletas las usan pese a los datos. Te damos respuestas claras y consejos prácticos basados en evidencia. ¡No te pierdas este análisis revelador! ————————- Accede a la web de Fanté https://bit.ly/WebFant%C3%A9 Elige lo que prefieras: 10% descuento con el código PODCASTHDLR Acceso a regalos y formación exclusiva con el código REGALOHDLR ————————- ️ Apúntate a nuestra Newsletter aquí: https://hijosdelaresistencia.com/un-email-semanal ‍♂️ Entrena con nosotros: https://hijosdelaresistencia.com/formulario/ Accede a La Academia https://academia.hijosdelaresistencia.com/ ---------------------------- Referencias científicas de este episodio: 1. Dinardi, R. R., Ferreira, C. H. S., Silveira, G. S., Almeida, J. R., & Gregório, L. C. (2021). ¿Ayuda la tira nasal externa en la actividad deportiva? Una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-020-06202-5 2. Djupesland, P. G., Chatkin, J. M., Qian, W., Haight, J. S., & Cole, P. (2003). Mechanical nasal valve dilation in patients with nasal obstruction. American Journal of Rhinology, 17(5), 291–296. 3. Bahammam, A. S., Sharif, M. M., & Alenezi, A. M. (2007). The effect of external nasal dilator on respiratory parameters during sleep. Sleep and Breathing, 11(3), 155–160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-007-0110-3 4. Blanco Nespereira, A. (s.f.). Influencia de las tiras nasales sobre el rendimiento deportivo. [Revisión bibliográfica no publicada]. 5. Fasnacht, R. W. (1996). Nasal dilator strips and their effect on selected physiological variables during exercise: A study using the Conconi test. [Estudio incluido en revisión por Blanco Nespereira].

This week, we sit down with the phenomenal Shá Summerlin, a powerhouse mom, entrepreneur, and former R&B/Soul recording artist, to discuss her unexpected autism journey.Shá's youngest son, Qian, was diagnosed with autism at 12 years old, a revelation that came as puberty brought aggressive and unexpected challenges to the forefront. Before that, autism was never on their radar, leading her through a long and emotional journey of specialists, ER visits, and tests before finally getting answers.Shá's story is one of resilience, discovery, and empowerment as she continues to build a legacy for her children and grandchildren. Tune in to hear Shá's incredible journey.Connect with Shá:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thisistheshashow/Don't forget to subscribe and stay tuned for more empowering stories like Shá's.Follow Us:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/theabmpodcastFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100095054651586

Internationally-recognized tuberculosis expert Philip Hopewell, MD, reflects on the impact of funding cuts on TB research and infections both in the U.S. and abroad. Eddie Qian, MD, hosts. Dr. Qian is also co-host of the ICU Ed and Todd-cast podcast.06:47 Why Kansas?09:13 How does TB infection rates compare to HIV globally?14:48 What are new guidelines for TB treatment?Resources:Updates on Treatment for Drug-Susceptible and Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis:  An Official ATS/CDC/ERS/IDSA Clinical Practice Guideline https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1164/rccm.202410-2096STLearn more: WHO Global TB Reporthttps://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240101531#:~:text=Overview,years%20can%20be%20found%20here.The Black Angels by Maria SmiliosEverything is Tuberculosis by John Green

What should parents and pediatricians know about early ear molding interventions? In this episode of the BackTable ENT podcast, pediatric otolaryngologist Dr. Jason Qian discusses the practice of ear molding in infants and new advancements in the field with host Dr. Gopi Shah. --- SYNPOSIS Dr. Qian, a surgeon scientist at the University of California, San Diego, shares his journey in integrating ear molding into his clinical practice, explaining the importance of early intervention and the process involved in molding infant ears. They delve into the challenges of billing, different molding techniques, and the growing demand for non-invasive ear correction methods. Dr. Qian also highlights the potential future developments in the field, including enhanced education and simulation models. --- TIMESTAMPS 00:00 - Introduction 01:13 - Understanding Ear Molding in Infants 03:49 - Training and Incorporating Ear Molding 06:06 - Challenges and Success Stories 10:13 - Clinical Workflow and Procedures 30:08 - Billing and Insurance Issues 32:13 - Collaborations and Advanced Techniques 37:42 - Future of Ear Molding and Final Thoughts --- RESOURCES Dr. Jason Qian https://health.usnews.com/doctors/zhen-jason-qian-1078594 BackTable+ for ENT https://plus.backtable.com/pages/ent Check out BackTable+ for ENT, our sponsor and new e-learning platform! https://plus.backtable.com/pages/ent

Linda Qian is a finance professional turned content creator, sharing career insights, corporate life tips, and financial knowledge. She helps young professionals navigate work, productivity, and industry trends while building her own path beyond traditional finance.Connect with Linda!https://www.instagram.com/quarter.lifediarieshttps://www.tiktok.com/@quarter.lifediariesCHAPTERS:0:00 - Introduction0:54 - Meet Linda Qian1:21 - Linda shares how long she was off from work, for the New Year break and whether she feels recharged1:45 - Andy shares his challenge of balancing work and personal time3:01 - Andy asks if Linda ever feels truly recharged after the weekend off5:29 - Linda discusses her work in leveraged/acquisition finance5:20 - Linda explains leveraged finance and private equity to Andy8:12 - Banking in Australia: How the government "prints money"11:52 - Linda shares how banks are focusing on lending to renewable companies12:37 - Interest-only vs. interest + principal: How loans work for solar farms and large projects13:58 - Linda explains how companies refinance debt every five years16:09 - Linda shares why businesses continue to take on debt instead of paying it off18:22 - Linda explains the tax benefits of keeping debt in a business18:54 - Linda discusses why banks lend to big companies like steel and airline corporations despite their growing debt20:45 - Linda explains what happens if Andy only pays the minimum amount on his American Express credit card22:22 - Linda shares the difference between corporate and personal loan interest rates24:23 - Sydney's property investment: Can interest-only loans lead to being positively geared?28:36 - Linda explains why banks compete to offer loans to high-quality companies30:53 - Linda shares how she got into the content creation world34:43 - Does Linda see herself in the corporate world for the next 20 years?35:32 - Linda shares what catalyzed her decision to work in the corporate sector38:39 - Linda shares her experience following the traditional Asian school route40:48 - What motivated Linda to move out early from her parents' house?43:35 - Can Linda get a more relaxed corporate job with the same pay?46:59 - Big 4 accounting firms: Becoming a partner by 35 and earning $400K-$500K per year47:19 - Linda explains the salary differences between different tiers of management consulting firms49:24 - Linda shares insights on top investment banking firms and how they operate51:48 - Linda explains the differences between investment banking and management consulting53:21 - Linda discusses how competitive investment banking jobs are55:22 - Linda shares how investment banking firms interview job applicants56:48 - Linda explains how she prepared for job interviews when applying to investment banking or consulting firms57:34 - Andy asks Linda to role-play a typical finance interview question59:04 - Linda shares why it is important to understand market trends before interviewing at a finance firm1:01:44 - Linda's recent life discoveries: How setting structured habits improves efficiency1:04:15 - Linda's personal goals for the next six months1:05:12 - Linda shares tips on how she grew her following to 50K followers1:07:56 - Linda explains the key to delivering value through content creation1:13:50 - Connect with Linda1:14:24 - Outro

Kelly-Qian van Binsbergen is documentairemaker en bekend van de series Sexotisch en De Afhaalchinees. De documentaires van Kelly-Qian staan bekend om hun persoonlijke insteek, die zij verwerkt met bredere maatschappelijke vraagstukken. Hoe beïnvloedt het maken van deze series haar persoonlijke leven? Waar liggen haar grootste twijfels tijdens het maakproces? En wanneer is volgens haar een programma geslaagd? Programmamaker Larissa Biemond gaat met haar in gesprek.In de documentairereeks Sexotisch onderzocht Kelly-Qian van Binsbergen het fenomeen seksueel racisme en de diepgaande impact hiervan. Hoe beïnvloeden dominante stereotyperingen over ras en etniciteit nog altijd ons dagelijkse date- en seksleven? Welke rol speelde onze koloniale geschiedenis hierin, en hoe houden wij stereotyperingen over mensen van kleur onbewust nog steeds in stand? Kortom, waar eindigt een fetisj en begint seksueel racisme?Kelly-Qian van Binsbergen is programmamaker en journalist bij Omroep ZWART. In 2023 debuteerde zij met de documentaireserie De Afhaalchinees, waarin zij de tekortkomingen van het interlandelijke adoptiesysteem aan de kaak stelde en de vaak traumatische gevolgen ervan voor mensen met een adoptieachtergrond blootlegde. Daarnaast deelde Kelly-Qian haar persoonlijke ervaringen met haar eigen adoptie uit China. De serie werd genomineerd voor de Zilveren Nipkowschijf. Momenteel werkt Kelly-Qian aan het tweede seizoen van De Afhaalchinees.In deze wekelijkse talkshow van De Balie interviewen programmamakers de makers die hen inspireren. Van cabaretiers tot schrijvers en van theatermakers tot kunstenaars.De podcast wordt geïntroduceerd door programmamaker Kees Foekema.Zie het privacybeleid op https://art19.com/privacy en de privacyverklaring van Californië op https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.Zie het privacybeleid op https://art19.com/privacy en de privacyverklaring van Californië op https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Last time we spoke about the Mukden Incident. In the early 1930s, Ishiwara and Itagaki of the Kwantung Army believed Japan must seize Manchuria to secure its interests against China and the USSR. Frustrated by delays from Tokyo, they orchestrated a surprise attack, framing it as retaliation for the mysterious death of a fellow officer. On September 18, 1931, they bombed railway tracks, claiming a Chinese atrocity, and swiftly attacked, overwhelming Chinese forces despite being outnumbered. Their decisive actions sparked Japan's occupation of Manchuria, defying orders from high command. In a bid to expand Japan's influence, Ishiwara and Itagaki incited chaos in Manchuria, leading to the Mukden Incident. They manipulated local unrest to justify military action, swiftly capturing Kirin without resistance. Despite Tokyo's orders against expansion, they continued their aggressive tactics, pushing for Manchuria's independence. Ishiwara's defiance of command led to significant military successes but also sowed seeds of indiscipline within the army. Ultimately, their actions set Japan on a path toward conflict with China and the West, forever changing the region's fate.   #138 How Zhang Xueliang lost Manchuria Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. Little disclaimer this is not a quote en quote regular episode. In this one we are going to look more so into the reasons the Japanese had an easy time conquering Manchuria. Its honestly a very complicated subject involving numerous variables, but I thought it be important to talk about this before we get into the campaign itself.  So last we left off are good friend Ishiwara Kanji had unleashed the Mukden Incident, initiating an unofficial war with China. On September 18, 1931, the Japanese executed a false flag operation by detonating explosives along the South Manchurian Railway near Mukden. This action was followed by an assault from 500 Kwantung soldiers on the Peitaying Barracks, which were defended by 7,000 troops under Zhang Xueliang. At the time, Zhang was in Beiping serving as the North China garrison commander. Those around him, including Chiang Kai-shek, urged him to instruct his men not to resist, to conceal their weapons, and to retreat westward if possible. Chiang Kai-shek recognized that the Japanese were attempting to provoke a full-scale war with China, a conflict they were not prepared to win at that moment. China needed additional time to organize and train its forces to confront such an adversary. Zhang Xueliang understood the weakness of his own forces and aimed to preserve a significant army, making these orders advantageous for him. Both men also believed that the League of Nations or the Wakatsuki cabinet might intervene to halt the illegal occupation. During the confrontation at the Peitaying Barracks, approximately 500 Chinese soldiers were killed, many surrendered, and others fled as the Japanese forces destroyed the barracks and the small air force stationed there. Now what is known as the invasion of Manchuria, is actually an extremely complicated story. For those interested over on the Pacific War Channel I have a full documentary covering it with a lot of combat footage and Chinese Drama Series footage which is always absolutely hilarious. To overly summarize, the officials in charge of various regions of Manchuria did one or more of three options when faced with Japanese aggression. 1) Most defected in return for monetary gain and new positions under the emerging puppet government. 2) They attempted to sabotage and thwart the Japanese while portraying themselves to be complicit. And 3) they actively fought back. So before we begin this story lets talk about Manchuria during this time period. After the death of his father Zhang Zuolin, Zhang Xueliang inherited an extremely chaotic Manchurian dynasty one could call it. The problems were political, social and economic and while the Young Marshal was tackling these issues, 3 years into his new reign, on September 18th of 1931 the Japanese commenced an invasion. The Japanese had been greatly concerned at Zhang Xueliang' moves to assume control over the regional industries and railways, whose income was incredibly important to Japan after the Great Depression had hit in 1929. What ultimately happened to Zhang Xueliang echoed the fate of Yuan Shikai during his tenure of 1912-1916. Yuan Shikai had made moves to centralize China while simultaneously alienating its populace by abolishing its provincial assemblies and trying to make the militarists dissolve their armies. Both men faced enormous external threats while trying to transition their regimes. Nonetheless, Zhang Xueliang did oversee a lot of real change in manchuria in terms of political awareness, education, greater availability of foreign goods and increased the populations feeling they were part of China proper. This increased awareness alongside a sense of international crisis caused by the clashes with the USSR and Japan, spur a new sense of nationalism that would persist for the 15 year war.  So lets talk about the regions of Manchuria shall we. There are 3 provinces in Manchuria, Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang, altogether they encompass 380,000 square miles. The central third of Manchuria consists of plains, with the Xing'an range extending around the border areas from the west to northeast and the Changbaishan mountains following the border from east to southeast. To the west of the Xing'an Mountains lies a region that is geographically part of Mongolia and is characterized by steppe terrain. The most fertile regions include the alluvial plain extending from the Gulf of Liaodong to Changchun, as well as the areas near the Sungari and Nonni Rivers in northern Jilin and Heilongjiang. This area experiences significant seasonal climate variations, with average temperatures in July reaching approximately 24 degrees Celsius, while winter averages drop to around –12 degrees Celsius in southern Manchuria and –24 degrees Celsius in the far north. By 1931, there had been no official census conducted in the area, but the Research Bureau of the South Manchurian Railway estimated the population in 1930 to be approximately 34.4 million people. This included 15.2 million in Liaoning, 9.1 million in Jilin, and 5.3 million in Heilongjiang. Population density varied, with Liaoning having 212 people per square mile, Jilin with 89, and Heilongjiang with 23. By 1931, over 90 percent of the population was Han Chinese, while Manchus accounted for about 3 percent, Mongols around 6 percent, and the remaining population comprised Koreans, Russians, and Japanese. During the Japanese occupation, the economy of Manchuria was primarily agricultural, with soybean products accounting for 60 percent of the region's total exports in 1930. In contrast, industrial development was limited in 1931, mainly concentrated in the Japanese-controlled cities of Dairen and Harbin, as well as in areas managed by the South Manchuria Railway and the Chinese Eastern Railway. However, since the early 1920s, a military-industrial complex had begun to emerge, driven by Zhang Zuolin's demand for modern weaponry. The Shenyang arsenal, established in 1919, manufactured rifles and ammunition, employing 20,000 skilled workers who operated at full capacity during the Zhili-Fengtian wars, producing up to 400,000 rounds daily at its peak in 1924-25.The population of Manchuria was overwhelmingly rural and the rivers and roads remained their principal means of transportation. The Amur, Nonni and Sungari rivers were the lifeline of trade, while the roads were in quite a terrible state of repair by 1931. There were 3 key groups of people who met the Japanese invasion, military power brokers, nationalists and civilians who were largely alienated from Zhang Xueliang's regime. Amongst all of them was a large level of interprovincial rivalries.  Local militarism in Manchuria was heavily factionalied with each clique retaining both civilian and military followers. The old comrades of Zhang Zuolin were categorized by the Japanese as “the old faction”, such men as Zhang Zuoxiang and Zhang Jinghui who had risen up alongside the Tiger of Manchuria during the 1920s. They had amassed large fortunes and although they had been subordinate to Zhang Zuolin, they were also power brokers in their own right with private armies and economic bases under their control. Some like Zhang Zuoxiang and Wan Fulin stayed loyal to the Young Marshal once he assumed power. They were often aided by the Japanese who were not keen at all with Zhang Xueliang's enthusiasm for Chinese nationalism. Zhang Zuoxiang would become one of Zhang Xueliangs most important associates. He was born in Jinzhou and at the age of 16 fled his village to escape a family feud and became a bricklayer in Shenyang. However in 1901 he got involved in an incident ending with him stabbing another man, prompting him to flee for Xinmin where he joined forces under Zhang Zuolin. He quickly rose within the military and attended the Fengtian Military Academy. During the 1920s he remained a close ally to Zhang Zuolin, serving as a military governor of Jilin. When Zhang Zuolin was assassinated, Zhang Zuoxiang used his authority to preserve power for Zhang Xueliang who was stationed outside Manchuria at the time and needed time to return to Manchuria.  Wan Fulin would become Zhang Xueliang's other second in command. He was born in 1880 in Changling county of Jilin. Born to a poor farming family, he joined a local militia of around 50 men. His militia was gradually incorporated into the local militarist Wu Junshengs troops in 1900 and from then on Wan rose through the ranks. After Zhang Zuolin's death Wan Fulin was appointed as the military affairs supervisor or “duban” for HEilongjiang. He then took a newly created position of provincial chairman “Zhuxi” in 1929 and held said position during the Mukden Incident.  Now after the Old Tiger had died, one of his old associates Zhang Zongchang, whom I think we all know very well, proved to Zhang Xueliang he could not rely on his fathers old guard. Zhang Zongchang and Chu Yupu tossed their lot in with the Japanese and attacked from Tangshan with 60,000 troops trying to overthrow the new KMT led government. That little venture only lasted from August 2-8th, ending in a hilarious defeat for the so called rebels, but the experience taught Zhang Xueliang that his Fengtian army needed to be reformed, even though it was against the wishes of many of its senior officers.  The most significant opposition to Zhang Xuliang came from his fathers former chief of staff Yang Yuting and his associate Chang Yinhuai. Yang Yuting had been born in Hebei, but his family moved to Faku county in Fengtian when he was young. He was an adept student, rising through the system and by 1909 joined the Japanese military academy “Shikkan gakko”. During the republic days, he joined the Old Tiger and slowly became a trusted ally. In 1925 as General Guo Songling rebelled, in a large part because of Yang Yuting's advocacy of continued militarism even after the failure of the Fengtian army during the second Fengtian-Zhili War. Yang Yuting was chosen by Zhang Zuolin to lead the unsuccessful counterebellion and then became his chief of staff. By 1927 Yang Yuting began negotiations with the Japanese, some of whom thought he would make a much better replacement to the Old Tiger. Yang Yuting saw Zhang Zuolins death as an opportunity to development himself, however in 1928 he began negotiations with Nanjing as well. This led him to change his mind about Japan and adopted unification measures with Nanjing. He hoped to snuggle up to Chiang Kai-Shek, but likewise retained close connections with the Japanese. Dishing out appointments was something Yang Yuting was quite keen upon. When Zhang Xueliang sought to appoint one of his supporters as the new governor of the Eastern Special Zone, this was an area around Harbin that had been made autonomous in its role as a hub for the Chinese Eastern Railway, well Yang Yuting made Zhang Jinghui the de facto governor instead. Yet Yang Yuting's spiderlike nature would become his downfall. One of his closest friends was Chang Yinhuai, who was appointed governor of Heilongjiang by Zhang Xueliang in 1928. Chang Yinhuai's contempt for the Young Marshal became more and more open, until it reached the point where he would money to Yang Yuting for ordnance expenses but not the Young Marshal, oh and he was building his own private army. On the 10th of January of 1929 Chang and Yang went to meet Zhang Xueliang, demanding he create a new post of Northeastern Railway Supervisor for Chang. They both argued they wanted to take control over the Chinese Eastern Railway, currently under Soviet-Chinese dual control, but Zhang Xueliang dragged his feet during the meeting. When the two men left, Zhang Xueliang instructed his police chief Gao Jiyi to arrest and shoot them, which he did. M.S Myers, the American consul in Shenyang cabled his superiors about the execution, noting, “the elimination of the two most powerful and probably able members of the Fengtien Party[,]... although strengthening the position of the existing head of this territory for the time being, may later result in the breakup of that party through internal and external agencies.” Well Mr. Myers was quite right. Although Zhang Xueliang's actions had the effect of stopping Yang Yutings overreach, it ultimately was more of a sign of his weakness, rather than strength. Some like Zhang Jinghui were saved by the fact they were old associates with Zhang Zuolin and had built their own power bases. However other like Zang Shiyi for example, who were close associates of Yang Yuting had to wait for Zhang Xueliang to move to Beiping to take up his position as deputy commander of the Nationalist forces before gaining office as chairman of Liaoning. Zhao Xinbo only managed to grab the office of mayor over Shenyang after the Japanese took over. Overall Zhang Xueliang did not exercise strong enough control over his local militarists any more than his father did. When Guo Songling had rebelled in 1925, Zhang Zuolin's support had bled considerably, it was only Japanese intervention that saved him. His son would find out his rule was more tolerated rather than supported. There was also a lot of friction between those supporting the KMT vs those supporting the CCP in Manchuria. Qian Gonglai was a professor at the Shendao school in SHenyang and was arrested as a Bolshevist agitator in march of 1927. He had developed a large following amongst his students and the local intelligentsia. Qian had been involved with multiple organization such as the local YMCA and within the Shendao school, which were breeding grounds for young activities. These youthful types were inspired by the May Fourth and May Thirtieth movements, most being from Fengtian. Once Zhang Xueliang and his close followers set up a base of operations in Beiping after 1931, these types of intellectuals would become the founders and key movers of the Northeast National Salvation Society or “NNSS”, the most important propaganda organization to favor the military recapture of Manchuria in defiance of Chiang Kai-Shek's nonaggression strategy. One of their members, Yan Baohang was born in a village within Haicheng county of Fengtian. He came from a poor family, but managed to attend the village school and performed well enough to encourage a local elite to pay for his primary schooling. He went on to study at the teacher training college in Shenyang where he came under the influence of Christianity, but also nationalist ideas promoted by the May fourth movement. He attended the Shenyang YMCA and went to college where he met other young activities such as Wang Zhuoran, Du Zhongyuan and Gao Chongmin. After graduating Yan attempted his new teaching methods at various Fengtian schools, before setting up a free school in Shenyang for poor children. This school was supported by the YMCA and funds from Guo Songling's wife. The school was widely admired, and Zhang Xueliang gave it his full support. Yan became quite famous and was sent to Beijing for further training. By 1925 Yan received a scholarship to go to Edinburgh University where he earned a certificate in Social Studies. While in Europe he traveled widely, visiting places like Denmark and Moscow. He came back to Shenyang in 1929 and alongside Lu Guangji, Gao Chongmin, Wang Huayi and Che Xiangchen formed the Liaoning Provincial Nationalist Foreign Affairs association. This organization, whose core members formed the NNSS, was supported by Zhang Xueliang. Their aim was to seek China's freedom and equal status, which obviously stood against the Japanese. By 1931 it had 46 branches and Yan also set up within the YMCA a Liaoning anti-opium association and a Liaoning Provincial Nationalist Education Advancement Association. By 1930 the Educational Advancement Association's speakers went out on 14 occasions to talk about “exposing various crimes and secret plans the Japanese had for invading the Northeast”. Yan would become one of the heads of the NNSS's propaganda section after 1931. The adoption of the KMT in Manchuria post 1929 meant the nationalist activists all became party members. Yan Baohang and his friends Lu Guangji, Che Xiangchen, Du Zhongyuan,Wang Huayi, Zhao Yushi, and Wang Zhuoran were among thirteen delegates sent to Nanjing for the KMT national conference in May 1931. Lu Guanji had a similar career to that of Yan. Born in 1894 in Haicheng county, he came to Shenyang at the age of 15 and graduated from the teacher training college in 1918. He taught in a SMR-zone Chinese school. In 1922 he attended a national YMCA meeting in Shenyang and soon after was dismissed from teaching for supporting student protests. After this he went to Shenyang to see if his friend Yan Baohang could use his influence with Zhang Xueliang to obtain him a job as a schools inspector. By 1926 he left education for business, becoming a manager over a local printing firm. By 1929, he was elected deputy head of the Fengtian Chamber of Commerce where he frequently met with Zhang Xueliang who liked to make use of the chamber to organize anti-Japanese protests that would not be officially linked to himself.  Chen Xianzhou was born in Huanren county to a family who were handicraft manufacturers, but they went bankrupt during the First Sino-Japanese War. Chen moved in with other relatives who paid for his education. He entered the Huanren Teacher training college in 1915, where he also learned Japanese. In 1919 he won a scholarship to Sendai Industrial College where he studied electrical engineering and became active in overseas chinese student groups protesting for the return of Port Arthur and Dairen. After graduating in 1924 he was employed by the Shenyang municipal administration to negotiate with the Japanese on the building of a new tram line. Through his efforts it was built in a year for less than 2 million yuan and for this in 1927, he was asked to do the same service for Harbin. Under Zhang Xueliang's administration, Chen was given permission to restructure the Northeasts telecommunications and broadcasting network. He added 12 new transmitters linking Shenyang, Harbin, Qiqihar, Yingkou and Changchun. After the Mukden Incident, Chen became a committee member of the NNSS in Beiping, advising resistance armies on how to operate field radios.  Du Zhongyuan was born in Huaide county, once located in Fengtian, now in Jilin. He came from a poor village family, but local elites helped pay for his education, allowing him to study at the Fengtian Provincial teacher training college. He also studied english and japanese. He first became a english teacher, but then developed an interest in the porcelain industry, which was heavily dominated by the Japanese in Manchuria. He thought he could break into their market, so he went to Tokyo Industrial college from 1917-1923, before returning to set up a porcelain manufacturing firm in Shenyang. In 1929, Zhang Xueliang authorized a 120,000 yuan loan to support his factory. Du rose into a prominent figure and was elected deputy chairmen of the Liaoning Chamber of Commerce in 1927, then chairman in 1929. His time in Japanese had been spent mostly as a student, but he was also an activist. He had led a group of 29 Chinese students to protest Zhang Zuolin's government for continuing to allow the Japanese to control the Kwantung leased territory. He had a flair for publicity and found himself in a good position to head the NNSS. He befriended Yan Baohang and Lu Guangji along his journey. Che Xiangchen was born in Faku county to a local elite family. He attended Beijing University extension school in 1918 and was quickly caught up in political activities, taking part in the May fourth movement. After graduating he studied at Zhangguo University then after that joined the Shenyang YMCA befriending Yan Baohang. Encouraged by Yan Baohang, he established schools for delinquent and disadvantaged children. The exact field I work in outside of Youtube and Podcasts. By July 1929 he sponsored 41 schools within ities and over 200 rural schools. Alongside Yan Baohang, and Zhang Xiluan he organized the Liaoning Associate for the Encouragement of Nationalist Education. Wang Huayi was born in Liaozhong county to a poor farmer family. He managed to get funding for his education at the Fengtian Teacher training college in 1916. During his studies he befriend Yan Baohang who introduced him to the YMCA and involved him in its activities. He also became friendly with Zhang Xueliang and this paid off after 1928 when he was made deputy head of the Liaoning Education Department. Wang Zhuoran was born in Fushun county to a farmer family. He attended teacher colleges in Beijing and Shenyang where he befriended Yan, Du, Lu and Wang Huayi and other activists at the YMCA. From 1923-1928 he studied at Columbia University in New York and traveled to England often before returning to Shenyang in 1928. He became the tutor to Zhang Xueliang's children and was active in the Northeastern Nationalist Foreign affairs association. All of these figures dominated Liaoning, specifically the area of Shenyang and this meant the core of nationalist activism was also found here. Here the Japanese would manage to co opt local elites, but many of said elites would fight to see Manchuria recaptured by China. Now that covered the educated, nationalistic and politically aligned to Zhang Xueliang types, but the elites of Manchuria at the county level were anything but aligned with the Young Marshal. In fact most of the provincial elites were actually prejudiced against Zhang Xueliang. As a result of the Warlord Era wars, an enormous amount of Manchuria's spending went to the military. To give a more specific idea. Between 1922 and 1924, Zhang participated in the Fengtian-Zhili Wars. Thanks to the careful financial management of his finance minister, Wang Yongjiang, the budget was able to accommodate these expenses even in 1923, despite approximately 50 percent of revenue being allocated to military spending. Fengtian's revenue amounted to 26.8 million yuan, with expenditures totaling 18.2 million yuan; of this, 13.9 million yuan—around 76 percent—was directed towards the military, while only 3 percent was spent on education. However, by 1925, Fengtian's income had decreased to 23 million yuan, while military expenditures surged to 51 million yuan. In an attempt to address this issue, Zhang Zuolin resorted to printing money, which led to rampant inflation. On March 1, 1927, the exchange rate was 6.71 Fengtian dollars for one Japanese gold yen, but by February 1928, it had plummeted to 40 dollars per yen. As Ronald Suleski observes, “Zhang Zuolin drained the provincial economy in order to pay his troops fighting in China proper.” Local elites became very resentful of the increased military spending and rising inflation and this was furthermore met by Zhang Zuolin silencing their complaints by neutralizing their provincial assemblies. The military spending kept growing, alongside the inflation causing high unemployment. By February of 2918 the Shenyang Chamber of Commerce reported , “5,089 businesses were forced to close, among them 456 sundry goods shops, 416 restaurants, 165 factories, 157 machine shops, 142 rice shops, 116 foreign goods stores, and 83 general stores.” When the Young Marshal assumed power he promised major changes including “the development of industry and commerce, the pursuit of education, and utmost efforts to maintain peace.” Yet his fathers pattern of spending did not change. In 1930, total regional expenditure reached 144.2 million yuan, with 98.6 million yuan allocated to the military (68.3%), compared to just 4.7 million yuan for education (3.26%) and 0.34 million yuan for construction projects (0.24%). Regional revenue from taxes and other government sources, including fines, amounted to 122 million yuan, resulting in a deficit of 22 million yuan. Of this revenue, only 8.3 million yuan (6.8%) came from direct taxation, primarily land tax, while the salt gabelle was the most profitable source, generating 45.9 million yuan (37.3%). Following their occupation, the Japanese observed that “if such a large sum were not spent on military purposes, the finances of the Three Eastern Provinces would show a significant surplus.” Many of the civilians who served in Zhang Zuolin's government became quickly disillusioned with the rule of militarists and felt very uneasy about Zhang Xueliangs alliance with Nanjing, as to most in Manchuria, Chiang Kai-Shek was just another warlord. Many of the elites saw Japan as a more rational alternative for an alliance. Yu Chonghan who had been the foreign minister to Zhang Zuolin until he resigned in 1927 had a long lasting relationship with the Japanese. During the Russo-Japanese War he had been a spy for Japan and always kept close contact with Tokyo. Chen Xinbo, the advisor to Yang Yuting was a former legal adviser to Zhang Zuolin. However he also had long standing connections to Japan, working as a school teacher in Dairen, before studying at Meiji University for law. Yuan Jinkai, the former minister of civil affairs for Zhang Zuolin was “a mentor figure to the civilian clique in the 1920s”. He was born in Liaoyang in the 1870s and was a scholar who became head of the conservative faction in the joint provincial assembly. But when Zhang Xueliang came to power, in the words of a Japanese reporter “demoted by the ‘new faction' and completely lost his power. He was exalted to being a member of the Northeastern Governmental Affairs Committee [Dongbei zhengwu weiyuanhui: the highest political body in the Northeast after 1928] and a committee member in the Nanjing Government's Control Yuan, but from the start he was treated as a relic of the past [kotto].” Understandably he became disillusioned with Zhang Xueliang. Yuan was just one of many prominent disenfranchised elites who sought an opportunity to regain what they had lost to the Young Marshal and the Japanese occupation proved a great opportunity.  The South Manchurian Railway was a major factor that contributed to the co-option of the Chinese towards Japanese occupation. It ran 700 miles, over 5 lines and had land rights attached to it encompassing 105 cities, towns and villages. Not only did it provide railway services but also administration and social services. By 1924 the SMR had expanded its workforce to nearly 40,000 with ¾'s being local chinese. It provided expensive facilities, such as hospitals in Mukden, Tieling, Changchun and Dairen. The growth in Chinese nationalism against the Japanese grew amongst the intelligentsia, but the average blue collar types more or less enjoyed the benefits the Japanese were providing. Historian Chong-Sik Lee noted “The living conditions among the Chinese population in the Kwantung Leased Territory were much better than those in China proper, and this was true throughout the region” A combination of improved conditions compared to those in intramural China and the appeal of Japanese-sponsored jobs in industry and mining, he argues, resulted in a significant influx of immigrants to the area. The Japanese capitalized on this newly available labor force by implementing a development strategy that necessitated the hiring of large numbers of unskilled Chinese workers, even with the use of modern equipment. This approach was largely motivated by a desire to avoid widespread unemployment, as these workers also served as consumers of Japanese products. Furthermore, although the working conditions for manual laborers employed by the Japanese were poor by contemporary standards, they were not necessarily worse—and may have even been better—than those faced by factory workers in Japan, such as women aged twelve to thirty-five employed in Nagano's silk factories, where the mortality rate due to lung disease was 23 per 1,000, compared to the typical rate of 7 per 1,000 for that age group.The Japanese had also set up the Manchurian Youth League “Manshu Seinen renmei” in 1928 to specifically deal with the threat of the growing Chinese nationalism, by advocating for a separate state in Manchuria. Both the Japanese army and civilian settlers aspired to set up a Japanese controlled Manchuria that could make use of the existing Chinese local government structures.  There was also the issue of currency. Coins, ingots and notes were all in circulation, but their value differed from region to region. There were competing currencies, Chinese, Japanese and Soviet. Zhang Zuolin had set up three eastern provincial banks aiming to issue a unified currency to supersede the foreign currencies, backed by silver reserves, but it never worked out. Politically when Manchuria joined the new Nanjing system, it meant the KMT would begin a process of elections and appointments, but in the interim it fell upon Zhang Xueliang, who simply reverted to his fathers old way of relying on regional figureheads. Basically only Liaoning saw any real political reform. Militarily Zhang Xueliang inherited his fathers Fengtian military. He wished to reduce the spending of it, but found himself unable to deal with the high unemployment that would result from mass demobilization. Zhang Xueliang also feared reducing his military strength to the point he might become vulnerable to any of his given rivals. On the economic front, it was really Japan who benefited the most from Manchuria's economic activities. 70% of Manchurian imports came from Japan as were 75% of its exports. Zhang Xueliang was determined to reverse the Japanese economic dominance, but the great depression greatly hampered any efforts.  Ultimately, Zhang Xueliang had grand plans when he rose to power in 1928. He intended to align the Northeast with the Nanjing government and diminish Japanese influence in the region. Additionally, he sought to enhance local infrastructure in Manchuria and regain the trust of provincial elites who had been alienated by his father. Although some progress was made toward these objectives, the outcomes fell short of the efforts invested. His alliance with Chiang Kai-shek was marked by mutual suspicion. The economic depression devastated the agricultural exports that had fueled Manchuria's remarkable growth, undermining the financial resources needed for Zhang's initiatives. Both civilian and military leaders in the area struggled to trust Zhang, as incidents like the assassination of Yang Yuting and the outbreak of civil war in 1930 led them to believe that, despite his claims, he was much like his father. Most importantly, the Japanese grew increasingly concerned about the possibility of a nationalist regime threatening their “special position.” By 1931, they recognized a risk to their dominance, while Zhang's reforms remained incomplete and unpopular. Concurrently, the sentiment in Japan was shifting toward aggression against China, which was being partially blamed for exacerbating Japan's economic difficulties. These combined factors led to the coup on September 18, 1931. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. Zhang Xueliang sure inherited one hot potato so to say. Much could be blamed upon his father Zhang Zuolin, but likewise the Young Marshal failed to meet the demands of his new reign. Many Chinese would ultimately throw their lot in with the Japanese, rather than what appeared to be a failing warlord. 

Um tubérculo rico em amido. Separe trinta minutinhos do seu dia e descubra, com Mila Massuda, como a batata mudou o mundo. Apresentação: Mila Massuda (@milamassuda) Roteiro: Mila Massuda (@milamassuda) e Emilio Garcia (@emilioblablalogia) Revisão de Roteiro: Vee Almeida Técnico de Gravação: Caio de Santis (@caiodesantis) Editor: Lilian Correa (@_lilianleme) Mixagem e Masterização: Lívia Mello (@adiscolizard) Produção: Prof. Vítor Soares (@profvitorsoares), Matheus Herédia (@Matheus_Heredia), BláBláLogia (@blablalogia) e Biologia em Meia Hora (@biologiaemmeiahora) Gravado e editado nos estúdios TocaCast, do grupo Tocalivros (@tocalivros) REFERÊNCIAS ABEL, W. Agricultural Fluctuations in Europe. [s.l.] Routledge, 2013. HARRIS, P. M. The Potato Crop. [s.l.] Springer Science & Business Media, 2012. HILLS, T. The People's Potato and the Great Irish Famine. [s.l.] New Generation Publishing, 2008. NUNN, N.; QIAN, N. The Potato's Contribution to Population and Urbanization: Evidence From A Historical Experiment. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, v. 126, n. 2, p. 593–650, 2011. ORTIZ, Oscar; MARES, Victor. The historical, social, and economic importance of the potato crop. The potato genome, p. 1-10, 2017. READER, J. Potato : a history of the propitious esculent. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2011. SPOONER, D. M. et al. Systematics, Diversity, Genetics, and Evolution of Wild and Cultivated Potatoes. The Botanical Review, v. 80, n. 4, p. 283–383, dez. 2014.

Kelly-Qian is haar eerste naam, maar niet de eerste naam die ze kreeg. Ze kreeg eerst een naam van haar ouders in China, vervolgens een naam van haar verzorgers daar in het weeshuis en daarna een naam van haar adoptieouders in Nederland. Later, na het maken van haar slimme, hartverscheurende en grappige documentaireserie De Afhaalchinees, gaf ze zichzelf een naam. Kelly-Qian, een naam die haar Chinese identiteit niet langer op de tweede plek zet, maar haar identiteit als Chinees-Nederlandse vrouw met een adoptieachtergrond weerspiegelt. De series die ze maakt zijn scherp en uniek en geannoteerd met prachtige animaties. Zo kan ze complexe en pijnlijke onderwerpen als interlandelijke adoptie, en racisme in onze denkbeelden over seksualiteit, voor de kijkers invoelbaar maken met een rugsteuntje van humor. redactie & interview: Annick van Rinsum beeld: Nicole Spakman video-opname: Job Hulsebosch

This is Definitiv-ely something to check out if you're trading on-chain.Until now buying spot assets on-chain has been a vastly different experience to trading perps on a CEX/DEX and no-where near institutional grade in terms of how on-chain spot is traded.The game has changed with Definitiv.fiIn this episode you'll learn:- How the team is leveraging their ex-Coinbase experience to develop the best tooling for trading on-chain- What is possible today including TWAP orders, limit orders, trade reporting and portfolio analysis- Where the product is headed next and how you can get involvedI'm an avid user and now do ALL my on-chain trading through Definitiv. The upcoming TGE has the potential to be the largest launch since $HYPE.Enjoy the pod!This episode is sponsored by Pear Protocol.Pear Protocol is the first narrative trading platform on-chain where users can go simultaneously long one asset and short another in one pair trade. Visit us on discord to squeeze out all the pre-launch alpha on $PEAR.

Today on The Cameron Journal Podcast South of the Yangtze by Flora Qian. She uses her childhood and youth as a fuel for this wonderful book. In this conversation we learn about growing in China, moving to Hong Kong and ending up in America. It is a fun conversation and a wonderful addition to the Asian cannon of english literatur

The GeekNarrator memberships can be joined here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_mGuY4g0mggeUGM6V1osdA/join Membership will get you access to member only videos, exclusive notes and monthly 1:1 with me. Here you can see all the member only videos: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUMO_mGuY4g0mggeUGM6V1osdA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ About this episode: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ In this episode we are talking to Peter and Qian, co-founders of DBOS. The conversation covers the challenges of creating fault-tolerant applications, the architecture of DBOS, and how it addresses reliability at multiple layers. Chapters: 00:00 Introduction to the Geeknerder Podcast 00:29 Meet the Co-Founders of DBOSS 01:25 The Core Problem: Building Reliable Systems 02:05 How DBOSS Solves Reliability Issues 04:29 Understanding DBOSS Architecture 06:09 Deep Dive into DBOSS Library 08:36 Postgres and State Management 18:31 Handling Parallel Steps and Performance Concerns 26:00 Observability and Version Control 30:18 Running Multiple Code Versions 30:58 Managing Workflow Versions 32:03 Surgery on Workflow States 33:15 Library Annotations and Durable Execution 34:24 Migrating to the Cloud Version 37:23 Handling Email Workflows 42:41 Transactional Guarantees with Postgres 48:44 Technical Challenges and Multi-Tenancy 54:12 Real-World Use Cases and Benefits 59:45 Conclusion and Final Thoughts Some important links: - Main website: https://www.dbos.dev/ - DBOS docs: https://docs.dbos.dev/ - Open-source DBOS Transact libraries: - Python: https://github.com/dbos-inc/dbos-transact-py - TypeScript: https://github.com/dbos-inc/dbos-transact-ts ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Like building real stuff? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Try out CodeCrafters and build amazing real world systems like Redis, Kafka, Sqlite. Use the link below to signup and get 40% off on paid subscription. https://app.codecrafters.io/join?via=geeknarrator ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Link to other playlists. LIKE, SHARE and SUBSCRIBE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ If you like this episode, please hit the like button and share it with your network. Also please subscribe if you haven't yet. Database internals series: https://youtu.be/yV_Zp0Mi3xs Popular playlists: Realtime streaming systems: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLL7QpTxsA4se-mAKKoVOs3VcaP71X_LA- Software Engineering: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLL7QpTxsA4sf6By03bot5BhKoMgxDUU17 Distributed systems and databases: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLL7QpTxsA4sfLDUnjBJXJGFhhz94jDd_d Modern databases: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLL7QpTxsA4scSeZAsCUXijtnfW5ARlrsN Stay Curios! Keep Learning!

Episode Topic In this insightful episode, Kevin Rosenquist welcomes Rufei Qian, CEO of NihaoPay, a company revolutionizing cross-border payments by bridging the gap between global merchants and Chinese consumers. They explore critical topics like regulatory challenges in entering the Chinese market, adapting to cultural differences, and the evolving trends in consumer behavior. Rufei shares how Chinese consumers have shifted towards local brands and the widespread adoption of digital wallets, contrasting it with Western reliance on credit cards. The discussion highlights the transformative impact of technology on global transactions and the unique opportunities in cross-border commerce. Lessons You'll Learn Discover actionable strategies for navigating the complexities of China's regulatory landscape while delivering a seamless user experience. Rufei delves into how merchants can adapt to the distinct consumer habits in China, such as the mobile-first approach and preference for digital wallets like Alipay and WeChat Pay. Learn how innovation, a global-local strategy, and talent development drive success in the fintech space. Gain insights into the potential of blockchain in payments and how AI can complement, rather than disrupt, established industries. About Our Guest Rufei Qian is the visionary CEO of NihaoPay, a leader in cross-border payments that connects global merchants with Chinese consumers. With over a decade of expertise in fintech, Rufei has spearheaded innovative solutions that simplify transactions, ensuring regulatory compliance and cultural adaptability. Her leadership has driven NihaoPay's groundbreaking initiatives, including a new card issuing platform tailored for seamless global shopping. Rufei is a passionate advocate for using technology to enhance financial ecosystems and foster meaningful connections between diverse markets. Topics Covered This episode dives into how global merchants can navigate China's regulatory landscape, highlighting key challenges and strategies for compliance. Rufei sheds light on evolving consumer trends, including the rise of digital wallets and the shift toward local brands in Chinese markets. She also explores the transformative role of technological innovations, such as AI and blockchain, in shaping the future of payments. Additionally, Rufei discusses NihaoPay's latest initiative, a card issuing platform designed to simplify cross-border transactions for global consumers. The conversation concludes with insights into cultural and operational shifts, emphasizing the importance of innovation, localization, and talent development in driving growth

Welcome Flora Qian with her first novel "South of the Yangtze," a coming-of-age story of a thoughtful and curious Chinese girl, born and raised in Shanghai during the one-child years.* Flora discusses the origins of the novel which maps some of her own experiences as a young woman educated in China who then moved to Hong Kong. The intriguing novel, written in English, explores the themes of language, relationships, loneliness, and community, against a backdrop of post-Cultural Revolution China. Flora discusses her interest in Chinese characters, how Mandarin and English entered her life, how Chinese sayings and folk tales influence our thinking, the risks of original thought, and how circumstances often hinder our ability to reach greater intimacy with others. A thought-provoking episode with something for everyone. *And could make a great holiday present!Flora's website:https://floraqian.com/Thoughts? Comments? Potshots? Contact the show at:https://booksshowstunes.discreetguide.com/contact/Support us!https://booksshowstunes.discreetguide.com/support/Sponsored by Discreet Guide Training:https://training.discreetguide.com/Social Media:YouTube: @MadActsXTwitter: @Mad_ActsBlueSky: @mad-acts.bsky.socialFB: @BooksShowsTunesIG: @Mad_ActsLI: Jennifer K. Crittenden

Regarding the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms figure Qian Liu and his "iron scroll."Support the show

Ep. 469 Dennis Qian | Advanced Trading Platform with Definitive Finance For episode 469, Co-founder Dennis Qian joins Brandon Zemp to discuss Definitive Finance, the leading institutional-grade, advanced trading platform for onchain execution on EVM & Solana. Previously, Dennis led engineering development for Coinbase Prime's algorithmic execution engine. Prior to Coinbase, Dennis held senior engineering roles at Tagomi and Zenefits. ⏳ Timestamps: 0:00 | Introduction 0:58 | Who is Dennis Qian? 2:54 | How was Definitive Finance created? 5:12 | How does Definitive Finance work? 9:40 | 3rd Party Auditing 12:28 | TWAP 13:35 | Definitive Fi use-cases 15:38 | Types of Clients 17:58 | DeFi-forward Funds 20:13 | Definitive's Trading API 22:24 | AI Agents 24:22 | AI & Web3 25:03 | Web3 in 2025 29:56 | Top trending blockchains & ecosystems 31:48 | Definitive Finance 2025 Roadmap

Ga voor de shownotes en het transcript naar damnhoney.nl/aflevering-210DAMN, HONEY wordt gemaakt door Marie Lotte Hagen en Nydia van VoorthuizenIn deze aflevering hoor je advertenties van Greenpeace en IndependerGeef of krijg deze feestdagen NIKS. Het meest duurzame cadeau dat er is. Ga naar greenpeace.nl/niksEven independeren. Daar word je altijd wijzer van. Ga naar independer.nleditwerk: Daniël van de Poppe jingles: Lucas de Gier website: Liesbeth Smit DAMN, HONEY is onderdeel van Dag & Nacht Media. Heb je interesse om te adverteren in deze podcast? Neem dan contact op met Dag en Nacht Media via adverteren@dagennacht.nlZie het privacybeleid op https://art19.com/privacy en de privacyverklaring van Californië op https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

New York resident and author, Flora Qian was born and raised in Shanghai but has lived in Singapore and Hong Kong, where her ancestors had lived, and in Washington D.C. before settling in New York. This cross cultural and multilingual experience influenced her debut novel, “South of the Yangtze.” At once a coming-of-age story and a meditation on language itself, South of the Yangtze is Flora Qian's award-winning debut novel that follows Yinan Qian, a girl growing up in Shanghai at the turn of the century. Set against China's rapidly changing political, economic, and social environment from the 1980s to current day, South of the Yangtze is a thoughtful reflection on both physical migration and migration between languages. Layered with history, it provides a moving portrait of China's only child generation and the meaning of identity. In an interview, Qian could discuss: WRITING: · South of the Yangtze is fiction but draws from Flora's life experiences. Did this make it easier or more difficult to find Yinan's “voice” while writing? · With language being such a central theme to South of the Yangtze, why did Flora choose to write the book in English? · The book frequently references Chinese words and history. How did Flora balance explanation for an audience that may not be well-versed in Chinese culture while remaining authentic to her vision? · Which books have influenced Flora the most as a writer? In South of the Yangtze, Dream of the Red Chamber has a special place for Yinan and her friend, Jie. What is its significance? CHINESE CULTURE & LANGUAGE: · Her experiences growing up in China during the only-child mandate, which lasted from 1979 to 2015. · Flora has lived in Shanghai and Hong Kong, as well as the United States. What were the major cultural differences? Did they inspire South of the Yangtze in any way? · Did Flora's experience living in Hong Kong during the protests of 2019 – 2020 influence South of the Yangtze? · What it was like to witness enormous socioeconomic shifts in China through her childhood and into her adulthood. · One of the book's main themes is how language shapes thought. With Chinese being one of the oldest living languages, is it especially poised to do so? Why did Flora choose to write the book in English? · Given how rapid the changes to China were following the Cultural Revolution, how does South of the Yangtze preserve a specific and unique moment in China's history? · There are frequent references to Chinese folktales in the novel. How do they play a role in Flora's writing life? · One of the early relationships the protagonist has in South of the Yangtze is with her Mandarin-speaking teacher, who was also an activist in the 1989 Tiananmen Square protest. What is the significance of this character and their relationship? · Migration is one of the central themes in South of the Yangtze. Yinan is an emigrant (from China) and Simon is a first-generation Chinese American. They seem to share a special connection. How does Flora's experience of being an emigrant inform the novel? Sherylbass999@gmail.com or sheryl@mckinneymediagroup.com FLORA QIAN was born and raised in Shanghai. She received a bachelor's degree in English from Fudan University in 2005. After graduation, she worked briefly in the publishing industry in Shanghai, where she was as an editor and an interpreter. In 2007, Flora moved to Hong Kong for a master's degree in Translation at The Chinese University of Hong Kong. During that time, she translated Sophie Kinsella's Shopaholic and Sister into Chinese, which was published in 2009. Afterward, she worked in the financial sector in Hong Kong for six years.

Send us a textEpisode 167Zhang Qian was an explorer, diplomat, and a pivotal figure in ancient Chinese history, known especially for his role in establishing the Silk Road, the legendary trade route that connected China to the West. His life and career unfolded during the Han Dynasty, specifically under the rule of Emperor Wu, one of China's most influential rulers. Born around 195 BCE in Chenggu, in present-day Shaanxi Province, Zhang Qian started his career in the Han court and quickly gained recognition for his loyalty, intelligence, and curiosity about the world beyond China's borders.In the second century BCE, the Han Empire faced persistent threats from the Xiongnu, nomadic tribes from the north who frequently raided Chinese territories. Emperor Wu believed that an alliance with the Yuezhi, another nomadic group that had been displaced by the Xiongnu, could help contain this threat. He appointed Zhang Qian as his envoy, with a mission to seek out the Yuezhi and propose a military alliance against their common enemy, the Xiongnu.Zhang Qian set out on his journey around 138 BCE, accompanied by a small party, but was soon captured by the Xiongnu. He spent over ten years in captivity, eventually marrying a Xiongnu woman and living under their watchful eye. Despite these challenges, Zhang Qian never lost sight of his mission. After thirteen years, he managed to escape and continued his journey westward, traveling through challenging terrains and encountering diverse cultures along the way.Finally, Zhang Qian reached the Yuezhi, only to find that they were not interested in a military alliance against the Xiongnu. Nevertheless, Zhang Qian's journey was far from a failure. His travels took him as far west as Central Asia, through regions that would later become key links in the Silk Road. He returned to China in 125 BCE, bringing back detailed accounts of the lands, people, and resources he had encountered, including the sophisticated cultures of Central Asia and the possibilities for trade with distant regions.Upon his return, Zhang Qian presented his findings to Emperor Wu, who was fascinated by the potential for trade and cultural exchange. Zhang's reports emphasized the abundance of valuable goods such as horses, jade, and exotic plants, and suggested that alliances and trade relations with these regions could be mutually beneficial. Emperor Wu seized upon this vision, and it ultimately led to the creation of the Silk Road—a network of trade routes that would carry Chinese silk, spices, and other goods to the Mediterranean and beyond, while bringing new ideas, technologies, and products back to China.Zhang Qian's journey had a profound impact on Chinese history and international trade. By bridging the gap between East and West, he helped lay the foundation for centuries of cultural and economic exchange. His legacy lives on in the Silk Road, which transformed the ancient world and opened China to the broader global community. Zhang Qian's pioneering spirit and resilience continue to be celebrated as key contributions to China's rich historical and cultural heritage.Thank you for all your support,Darren.Support the showInsta@justpassingthroughpodcastContact:justpassingthroughpodcast@gmail.comArtwork @digitalnomadicart on Insta

Kelly-Qian van Binsbergen is documentairemaker. Voor Omroep Zwart maakte Van Binsbergen de documentairereeks 'De Afhaalchinees'. De serie werd genomineerd voor een Zilveren Nipkowschijf. In haar nieuwe documentairereeks 'Sexotisch' duikt Van Binsbergen in het fenomeen seksueel racisme. Ze onderzoekt hoe oeroude stereotyperingen en denkpatronen nog altijd invloed hebben op ons dagelijks date- en seksleven.  Lotje IJzermans gaat met Kelly-Qian van Binsbergen in gesprek.

Dass China heute neben den USA und Russland in der Raumfahrt führend ist, verdankt es auch der Kommunistenhysterie eines amerikanischen Senators. Die führte dazu, dass die USA einen ihrer besten Raketeningenieure auswiesen – nach China. Lorenzen, Dirk www.deutschlandfunk.de, Sternzeit

The BPD Bunch is Back! Xannie, Jack, Mo, Jay, Hak Ja and André discuss how borderline personality disorder presents in Men and Women. Xannie and Jay start by sharing some of the research, to answer questions like: Is BPD different in men than women? How does BPD present in males? What are the symptoms of BPD in women? What is the prevalence of borderline personality disorder in women? Why is BPD misdiagnosed in men? Then the group discuss their personal experiences of BPD and how that intersects with their gender. Come back on Friday as we wrap up this topic, with a discussion on BPD/Gender misconceptions we'd love to challenge! October 9th we'll be back with a new discussion topic, dealing with BPD at School. Can't wait until then? Sign up for our "BPD Buddies" or "BPD Besties" tiers on Patreon to get early access to an exclusive extended cut of next week's episode NOW!

Last time we spoke about the beginning of the Chinese Civil War. By early 1927, Chiang Kai-Shek had assembled a team of right-wing KMT members and anti-communist allies like Dai Jitao and Wu Tiecheng, strategizing to sever ties with the Soviet Union and garner support from local gentry, merchants, and international diplomats. Despite publicly maintaining a façade of supporting the Soviet alliance, Chiang Kai-Shek was secretly preparing an anti-communist campaign. The turning point came on April 12, 1927, when Chiang's forces, with the help of the Green Gang, launched a brutal attack on CCP members and workers in Shanghai, marking the beginning of the Shanghai Massacre. This violent crackdown spread across the country, leading to the collapse of the first united front between the KMT and CCP. In the aftermath, the CCP called for mobilization against the KMT, sparking further conflicts such as the Wuhan-Nanjing war and the Nanchang Uprising. Key CCP leaders like He Long and Zhou Enlai emerged during this period, setting the stage for the next phase of the Chinese Civil War.   #119 The Nanchang & Autumn Harvest Uprisings Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. We left off in the midst of the Nanchang uprising. On August the 1st the CCP 2nd front army had successfully inflicted 3000 casualties and captured more than 5000 small arms of various types, 700,000 rounds of ammunition and a few cannons. With more and more CCP aligned units arriving the army needed to be reorganized. It was decided the uprising army would continue to use the designation of 2nd front army of the NRA with He Long serving as its commander in chief and Ye Ting as his deputy. Ye Ting would also command the 11th army consisting of the 24th, 25th and 10th divisions, Nie Rongzhen would be his CCP party representative; He Long would command the 20th Army consisting of the 1st and 2nd divisions with Liao Qianwu as his CCP party representative. Zhou Enlai with Zhu De as his deputy would lead the 9th army with Zhu Kejing as his CCP party representative. Altogether they were 20,000 strong and now very well armed.  On August 2nd, tens of thousands of people gathered in Nanchang to celebrate the great victory and the establishment of the revolutionary committee. This drew a large number of new recruits, particularly young students. Upon hearing the news of the uprising, Wang Jingwei urgently dispatched Zhang Fakui and Zhu Peide to quell the uprisers. On August the 3rd in accordance with orders from the CCP Central Committee the 2nd front army withdrew from Nanchang heading south along the Fu River. This withdrawal became known as the “little long march”. They planned to enter Guangdong province via Ruijin and Xunwu where they would first occupy Dongjiang. They hoped there they could develop further forces, perhaps gain foreign aid and if all went spectacularly capture Guangzhou. Upon entering Jinxian county, the commander of the 10th Division, Cai Tingkai expelled the communists from his ranks and instead took his division northeast into Jiangxi leaving the movement. A large reason he was able to pull this off was because the 2nd front army had been too hastily reorganized. The troops rushed into new formations and left Nanchang far too fast. The conditions of their march were also rough, it was a scorching hot week. By the time they made it to Linchuan on August 7th, they now numbered 13,000.  They rested in Linchuan for 3 days then continued advancing southwards. On August 25th, their vanguard reach Rentian of Ruijin county. Li Jishen the commander of the NRA 8th route army was stationed in Guangdong. Li Jishen dispatched 9000 troops led by Qian Dajun from Ganzhou over to Huichang and around Ruijin to block the advance of the Reds. He also transferred 9000 troops led by Huang Shaohongs army based in Nanxiong and Dayu over to Yudu to support Qian Dajun. The CCP Front Committee took advantage of the fact Qian and Huang's armies were not yet fully concentrated in the area, unleashing a one by one attack. On the 26th the Red's attacked Rentians defenders, routing them and capturing Ruijin county. They then concentrated their forces to attack the main portion of Qian Dajun's army in Huichang. After a fierce 4 day battle they managed to capture Huichang county. The Red's reported inflicting over 6000 casualties upon Qian Dajun's army and capturing over 2500 guns while suffering 2000 casualties. Then in early September the Reds repelled an attack by Huang Shaohongs forces near Luokou just due northwest of Huichang. Having survived the encounter, the Reds withdrew to Ruijin, one unit after another, then they changed their route to head east, passing through Changting and Shanghang in Fujian province. From there they headed south along the Tingjiang River and Hanjiang river. On the 22nd, the 25th Division of the 11th Army occupied Sanheba in Dapu county of Guangdong province. Meanwhile the main force continued southwards and occupied Chao'an and Shantou by the 23rd. During this period Li Jishen ordered the remnants of Qian Dajun's army to try and contain the 25th Division and Huang Shaohongs army to attack Chao'an via Fengshun. He also dispatched Chen Jitang and Xue Yue with 3 divisions, roughly 15,000 men from the East Route to advance eastwards from Heyuan hoping to force a decisive battle. By the way for Pacific War fans, Xue Yue will become one of China's greatest Generals. Just a little bit about him. He was born to a peasant family in Xiaopingshi village of Guangdong in 1896. In 1907 he entered the Huangpu military primary school and two years later he joined the Tongmenghui. In 1917 he was admitted to the 6th class of the Baoding Military academy. The next year however he departed in July to join Dr Sun Yat-Sen and Chen Jiongming's new army in Guangzhou. He entered their army as a captain following the army into Fujian where he helped capture over 20 counties centered around Zhangzhou. In 1920 he help attack the Guangxi army of Cen Chunxuan where the commander of the 1st division, Deng Keng, appointed him as a major commanding a machine gun company. The following year the machine gun company expanded into a battalion. In 1921 Deng Keng ordered a personal guard to be formed to protect Dr Sun Yat-Sen, with Xue Yue, Ye Ting and Zhang Fakui as the commanders of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd battalions.  In March of 1922 when Chen Jiongming went to war with Dr Sun Yat-Sen, Xue Yue escorted his family to Guangzhou. There he defended the presidential palace where a 10 hour battle emerged nearly seeing Dr Sun Yat-Sen killed. Xue Yue and some of his men got Dr Sun Yat-Sen and his family away to safety as he led a campaign to quell Chen Jiongmings rebellion. As Chiang Kai-Shek led troops to attack Chen Jiongming, Xue Yue was appointed major general adjutant and chief of staff of the 1st division of the Guangdong army. In 1925 he served as deputy commander of the 14th division of the 1st NRA Army. During the campaign heading east, Xue Yue proved himself a brilliant commander, enough so to receive personal praise from Chiang Kai-Shek via telegram. During the Northern Expedition Xue Yue helped capture Jiangxi, Changsha, Liuyang and Nanchang. He was promoted to commander of the 1st division as the NRA invaded Zhejiang and led men to capture Hangzhou, Nanjing and Shanghai. However after the Shanghai massacre, Xue Yue made the rather poor decision of publicly calling for Chiang Kai-Shek to be arrested for being a counterrevolutionary. He was quickly purged from the 1st Army, fled for Guangdong where he found a new post as a divisional commander under Li Jishen. Back to our story, the CCP Front Committee decided to establish a 3rd division of the 20th army and stationed them at Chaoshan. Thus there 6500 men were positioned to meet the enemy's advance. On September 28th the main bulk of the Red army encountered the East Route Army near Shanhu in Jieyang county. The Reds managed to defeat them and marched upon Tangkeng where they fought a fierce battle near Fenshui village, a monument to that battle exists there to this day. By the 30th, the Reds had suffered another 2000 casualties and were unable to put up much of a fight so they pulled back to Jieyang. That night Huang Shaohongs men recaptured Chao'an.  On October 3rd the Red army evacuated Chaoshan and advanced to Haifeng, passing through the Lianhua Mountain. However enroute they were intercepted by the East Route Army, leading to a bloody battle where they were broken badly. Units and commanders dispersed, with one large force of 1300 making it to Haifeng. The Reds had suffered a disastrous and decisive defeat with only over a 1000 troops remaining as a complete unit, who would later reform into a regiment. Zhu De and Chen Yi faked their names and sought refuge amongst a local Hunanese warlord. Starting basically from scratch they turned their little force into a 10,000 strong army who would go on to fight in the border areas of Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangxi and Hunan, managing to save 800 Reds who were simultaneously performing an uprising in southern Hunan.  Countless were arrested, deserted or went into exile. Zhou Enlai, Ye Jianying and Ye Ting lost contact with the others and fled to British Hong Kong, with Zhou Enlai becoming seriously ill. The three had two pistols with them and were successful in reaching Hong Kong. Nie Rongzhen, the other communist leader, also successfully escaped to Hong Kong. He Long who had strongly opposed the little long march plan, accurately pointed out that marching 1000 miles in the blazing heat of summer would put too much strain on the troops and that the Hunan would have been a better place to set up shop rather than Guangdong. He Long simply took up and went home, demoted from his position as commander. It is said he became a beggar and was not well received by his family. Yet he would rise back up and lead a 3000 man strong Red Force who would later be wiped out by the KMT. By April of 1928 these forces would contribute to the Autumn Harvest Uprising, something we will talk about later. The Nanchang Uprising saw the first shots in armed resistance against the KMT. It was also when the CCP officially declared their firm stance against the KMT and marked the beginning of their journey to create their own military. Within the vacuum of hundreds of smaller uprisings, the Nanchang Uprising alongside two other events we will talk about, the Guangzhou Uprising and Autumn Harvest Uprising are the three more important uprisings during this period of time.  Back on August 7th, the CCP Central Committee held an emergency meeting in Hankou known as the “August 7th Meeting”. Here they abandoned Chen Duxiu's right-wing appeasement strategy and determined a new policy that would involve implementing land revolution and armed uprisings. They called upon the entire party and people of China to resist the KMT. This saw widespread uprisings spring up all over the place. One of their largest campaigns was referred to as the Autumn Harvest Uprising, which would be performed in Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong and Jiangxi where the foundation of the workers and peasants movement was the highest. A lot was debated about how to perform such a campaign. Many called for making the peasant association the center of it by declaring them a type of local government, whence they the CCP would seize all of the power from them. In addition to seizing rural power, they needed the backing of urban workers and the poor. Many pointed out the Autumn Harvest Uprising like the Nanchang Uprising should have the main purpose of launching a land revolution. It would be optimal of it was launched simultaneously in Hunan centered around Hengyang, Changsha and if possible at Baoqing.  After their August 7th conference the CCP Central Committee sent one Mao Zedong and Peng Gongda, at the time alternate members of the Provisional Political Bureau to Hunan to reorganize the Hunan Provincial committee. For the Autumn Harvest Uprising Mao Zedong was appointed the Central Special Commissioner with Peng Gongda as Secretary of the Provincial Committee. Now we haven't spoken about Mao Zedong in some time. I think the last time we left off about him was with the founding of the CCP party. In 1921 alongside those like Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao, he too was a founder and he began setting up a branch of the CCP in Changsha. Within Hunan he also established a branch of the Socialist Youth Corps and Cultural Book Society, who opened a bookstore to spread communist literature throughout the province. During the warlord era, Mao Zedong was involved in the struggle for Hunan autonomy. Mao Zedong hoped a Hunanese constitution might increase civil liberties, thus making his work to cause a communist revolution easier. The movement was successful at establishing a provincial autonomy under a Hunanese warlord, but Mao Zedong would find that not quite optimal. By that same year of 1921, communist groups had sprung up in Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Jinan and Changsha, and on July 23rd it was decided to form a central meeting. The first session of the national congress of the CCP was in Shanghai, attended by 13 delegates, one being Mao Zedong. However, undercover police infiltrated the congress, forcing the delegates to hop on a boat near Jiaxing in Zhejiang to escape. Although Soviet and CCP delegates attended the first congress pretty much ignored Lenin's advice to temporarily accept an alliance between them and the bourgeois democrats who were also espousing a national revolution, ie: the KMT. Instead many in the CCP sought to stick strictly to the Marxist belief only an urban proletariat could cause a real communist revolution. At that point Mao Zedong was the party secretary for Hunan, working out of Changsha. In August he founded the “self study university” where readers could gain access to revolutionary literature. He also joined the YMCA Mass Education Movement to combat illiteracy, though it should be noted he had a huge habit of editing textbooks to fit his communist ideals.  He continuously organized worker strikes, particularly against the warlord governor of Hunan, Zhao Hengti. Some of these successful strikes were the Anyuan coal mine strikes, which saw both bourgeois and proletarian methodology incorporated. Mao Zedong had mobilized many walks of life, miners, gentry, military officials, merchants, Triads and even members of the Church. His work in the Anyuan mines also involved his wife Yang Kaihui who was fighting for women's rights. She sought to increase women's literacy, education and political power within peasant communities. Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui were not irregular in advocating for women's rights amongst the communist leaders, but they would be some of the most effective. Because of Mao Zedong's success in the Anyuan mines, Chen Duxiu invited him to become a member of the CCP Central Committee. Mao Zedong failed to make it to the second congress of the CCP in Shanghai, held in July of 1922, with the excuse he lost the address. There the CCP delegates agreed to forming the first united front. Mao Zedong enthusiastically agreed to this decision, arguing for an alliance across China's socio-economic classes. Mao Zedong's work in the first united front would see him become the chief of propaganda for the KMT. Mao Zedong was a vocal anti-imperialist with a lot of his writing directed against the governments of the UK, US and Japan. At the third congress of the CCP in Shanghai in June of 1923, the delegates reaffirmed their commitment to the first united front. Here Mao Zedong was elected to the Party Committee and took up residence in Shanghai. At the first KMT congress held in Guangzhou in 1924, Mao Zedong was elected as an alternate member of the KMT Central Executive Committee where he would put forward resolutions to decentralize power to the urban and rural bureaus. His enthusiastic support for the KMT would earn him suspicion from colleagues such as Li Lisan who had worked closely with him in Hunan. After the KMT congress he went to Shaoshan where he found the peasants were becoming increasingly restless. Many had seized land and wealth from local landowners. This convinced Mao Zedong that peasants were an effective revolutionary force, something the KMT leftists were proposing, but not the CCP at the time. Later Mao Zedong would be one of many in the CCP calling for an end to the first united front in the face of major grievances. However Borodin continuously advised not to break off with the KMT. In the winter of 1925, Mao Zedong fled for Guangzhou after receiving a lot of heat for revolutionary activities. He led the 6th term of the KMT's peasant movement training institute, the first government sponsored training institute for rural political activities. Here Mao Zedong was secretly training and preparing militants while also teaching them basic socialist theory. When Sun Yat-Sen died and Chiang Kai-Shek rose to power, Mao Zedong supported his NRA and their northern expedition. Yet in the wake of the northern expedition Mao Zedong was helping the peasants rise up and seize the land of wealthy landowners, in many cases with violence. It was this type of behavior that began to really ruffle the feathers of the KMT leaders who of course were landowners themselves. In March of 1927 Mao appeared at the 3rd Plenum of the KMT central executive committee in Wuhan, who were actively trying to strip Chiang Kai-Shek of his power and bolster Wang Jingwei in his stead. Mao Zedong played an active role, pushing peasant issues, arguing for the death penalty to be exacted on those found guilty of counter revolutionary activity, justifying it by simply stating “peaceful methods cannot suffice”. In April Mao Zedong was appointed to the KMT's 5 member central land committee where he urged peasants to stop paying rent. He then put into motion a draft resolution for land acquisition calling for the confiscation of land belonging to "local bullies and bad gentry, corrupt officials, militarists and all counter-revolutionary elements in the villages". Mao Zedong then carried out a "Land Survey", stating that anyone owning over 30 mou (four and a half acres), which constituted 13% of the population at the time, were uniformly counter-revolutionary. Many of his colleagues thought he was going too far, some not far enough. In the end only some of his suggestions were partially implemented.  When the Wuhan-Nanjing war broke out, Chiang Kai-Shek performed the Shanghai Massacre, beginning the White Terror. The CCP state more than 5000 communists were killed by the hands of the Green Gang in Shanghai. Over in Beijing Zhang Zuolin performed his own little white terror taking the life of those like Li Dazhao. In May the CCP claim tens of thousands of communists and their suspected allies were murdered, perhaps up to 25,000. The CCP contuined to support the Wuhan government, somthing Mao Zedong supported initially. Yet by the time of the CCP's 5th Congress he had changed his mind and was staking all of his revolutionary hope of peasant militias. It really did not matter as the Wuhan government performed its own white terror, albeit less violent in july. The CCP then founded the Workers and Peasants Red Army of China to go to war with Chiang Kai-Shek. Thus this brings us back to our story about the Autumn harvest uprising. In mid August, Mao Zedong and Peng Gongda arrived in Changsha. For the later half of August they helped reorganize the Hunan Provincial Committee where the issue of how to launch the Autumn harvest uprising was discussed. Mao Zedong proposed narrowing the scope of the uprising after the results of the Nanchang uprising. Regarding the area for the uprising, it was agreed it should not be too large, and should be concentrated around 7 counties. They needed to rely solely upon the power of the peasants, with roughly 1-2 regiments as a military backbone. They would no longer fly the KMT banner, now it would be the Red flag of the CCP. During the meeting a firm agreement was made regarding land distribution: "The current land revolution has reached the stage of fundamentally abolishing the land rent system and overthrowing the landlord regime. At this time, the party's policy towards farmers should be that the poor peasants lead the middle peasants, capture the rich peasants, and overthrow the landlord system. This is the land revolution." Mao Zedong emphasized at the meeting: “Our party's previous mistake was to ignore the military. Now we should seize power and build power on the barrel of a gun." To usher in the Autumn Harvest uprising the Hunan Provincial Party Committee decided to establish two leading organizations: the first was the Front Committee composed of various troops with Mao Zedong leading them, the other was the Action Committee composed of county committees, their leadership and Yi Lirong would lead them. The uprising was scheduled to begin on September 9th, with the destruction of a railway. On the 11th all counties would revolut simultaneously. On the 15th Changsha would revolt and on the 16th Changsha would be captured. At that time Red Army forces were stationed in Xiushui, Tonggu, Anyuan and along the border area of Hunan and Jiangxi. In early September Mao Zedong arrived in Anyuan and Tonggu preparing the military leaders. It was decided the forces in Xiushui, Tonggu, Anyuan and a few local counties would unify into the 1st Division of the 1st Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Army. The division was roughly 5000 men, with Lu Deming as its commander in chief and Yu Shadu as the 1st division's commander. The 1st division held 3 regiments; the 1st regiment at Xiushui composed of the former National Revolutionary Army Second Front Army Headquarters Guard Regiment, Pingjiang Workers and Peasants Volunteer Corps and the Peasant Self-Defense Forces of Chongyang and Tongcheng Counties in Hubei Province; the 2nd regiment located in Anyuan, was composed of the Anyuan Workers' Picket Team, Anyuan Mine Police Team and some Peasant Self-Defense Forces in Anfu, Yongxin, Lianhua, Pingxiang and Liling Counties; the 3rd Regiment, located in Tonggu, was composed of the Liuyang Workers and Peasants Volunteer Corps and the Guard Regiment, and part of the Pingjiang Workers and Peasants Volunteer Corps.  The plan was for the 1st Regiment to capture Pingjiang; the 2nd regiment would capture Pingxiang and Liling and the 3rd regiment would capture Liuyang. Afterwards the regiments would simultaneously march upon Changsha, hopefully with the full cooperation of peasant armies who were performing uprisings in various counties as well as the urban workers in Changsha would perform their own uprising. On September 9th, 60 railway workers in Changsha began destroying the railway lines from the city to Yueyang and Zhuzhou. On the 11th the 1st Red division launched the uprising. The 1st regiment departed Xiushui and Zhajin advancing to Changshou street via Longmen. Their main bulk entered Jinping when they were suddenly attacked by the Qiu Guoxuan regiment, this was the remnants of the Guizhou warlord Wang Tianpei. The troops were scattered after losing 200 men and their weapons. The forces then moved quickly towards Pingjiang and Liuyang counties, trying to get closer to the 3rd regiment. The 3rd regiment at this time was under the direct command of Mao Zedong who managed to capture Baisha in Liuyang county during the afternoon. On the 12th he captured Dongmen City, annihilated a great part of the warlord forces there. On the 14th two KMT battalions counterattack Dongmen City. The 3rd regiment fought them for several hours before moving to Shangping. Meanwhile the 2nd regiment departed Anyuan and attacked Pingxiang, failing to take it. On the 12th they turned to Laoguan due west of Pingxiang. With cooperation from a peasant uprising they managed to capture Liling county where they also defeated one KMT battalion, capturing a lot of weapons and rescued 300 communist prisoners. On the 14th another two KMT battalions from Changsha, another from Pingxiang all counterattacked Liling. The 2nd regiment immediately turned north to attack Liuyang county on the 15th, but the KMT forces caught up to them inflicted severe casualties. By the 17th Mao Zedng ordered all the regiments to concentrate in Wenjia city due southeast of Liuyang city. At this point the Red Army broke into separate offensives. Workers and peasants were performing uprisings in Pingjiang, Liuyang, Liling, Zhuzhou, Anyuan and other places. Their successes were of varying scales. Some of these peasant and worker armies were armed with nothing more than spears, broadswords, some had small arms. They resorted to house to house warfare, storming buildings, trying to capture guns. They massacred the gentry and landowning classes as they found them hiding in their homes. Red army forces aided those in Liling and Liuyang, managing to capture the county seats, establishing revolutionary regimes. The uprising in Zhuzhou saw its railway station captured, disrupting a lot of transportation. The uprisings in Pingjiang failed to gain the cooperation of the workers and peasants, so three guerilla units were formed who raided the local area. Overall however, the peasant and worker leaders were being arrested en masse by KMT officials. The peasants and workers became afraid they would be caught up in the White Terror slaughter, thus the uprising ultimately failed. The large workers uprising that was supposed to break out in Changsha never formed.  On the 19th the entire 3rd regiment, the remnants of the 1st regiment and scattered members of the 2nd regiment arrived in Wenjia city one after another. That night Mao Zedong presided over a CCP Front Committee meeting, to analyze the situation and figure out what to do with their forces. They quickly decided to abandon attempts to capture Changsha. Their remaining forces at Pingjiang and Liuyang departed as the KMT were hunting them down, pushing them south along the Luoxiao Mountains. On the 20th the departed Wenjia city heading towards Shangli city. It was there they learned there were KMT troops assembling in Pingxiang, so they turned towards Luxi on the 24th. They then continued south, but were soon ambushed by KMT forces. Lu Deming was killed during the battle leaving the army leaderless, seeing heavy casualties. On the 26th the Red forces attacked and occupied Lianhua and by the 29th entered Sanwan Village in Yongxin COunty. This time they were down to less than 1000 men, morale had collapsed. Their leadership began reorganizing at Sanwan, they referred to their surviving force as the 1st regiment of the 1st Division of the 1st Red Army. In reality they only had two battalions in strength. However their reorganization efforts at least saw them form proper companies and the implementation of a more democratic system. Afterwards they continued south arriving at Gucheng in Ninggang county on October 3rd. There Mao Zedong presided over another CCP Front Committee meeting. They studied everything that had gone wrong with the Autumn Harvest Uprising. They made plans for establishing bases of operations for the two battalions then led by Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo. After the meeting, Mao Zedong led the forces to Maoping on the 7th. From there they moved to Suichuan county in Jiangxi. Then they moved a great distance through Hunan province to Ciping sitting in Jinggang Mountain, the middle section of the Luoxiao Mountain Range by the 27th. From here onwards their force under the leadership of Mao Zedong would establish a revolutionary base of operations. The Autumn Harvest Uprising was the first time the CCP flag was publicly raised in an armed struggle. It was done to showcase to the people of China the determination of the CCP to independently lead a revolutionary war. After the failed uprising, Mao Zedong really began to take charge of the situation. He ditched the original central committee's plan to capture Changsha and instead marched a great distance into the deep rural areas where the KMT were at their weakest. He sought to embark on a guerilla warfare campaign within the countryside. Here in these remote places they would establish revolutionary bases, preserving and developing Red Armies.The cost of the failure is honestly very difficult to estimate. There are claims the anti-communist mass killings in Hunan alone saw 80,000 killed in Liling alone, and perhaps up to 300,000 in areas like Chaling, LEiyang, Liuyang and Pingjiang.  Meanwhile going back in time a bit to August of 1927. The failed Nanchang uprising gradually spilt southwards to the Dongjiang area of Guangdong. On the 7th the CCP Central Committee held an emergency meeting, where Chen Duxiu was criticized for his appeasement of the KMT right wing. It was also during this meeting, the CCP formalized how they would go about implementing a land revolution and armed uprisings. On the 20th Zhang Tailei, the secretary of the Guangdong CCP provincial committee, discussed plans for a provincial wide uprising. They would mobilize the workers and peasants to hold riots in key locations within Guangdong, particularly Guangzhou. Thus another major uprising was about to be unleashed. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. The Autumn Harvest Uprising was a bold move by the CCP. As the Wuhan and Nanjing KMT government unleashed their separate white terrors, the CCP were trying to not only survive the onslaught, but to formulate their own revolutionary movement. Within the emerging communist vacuum it seemed Mao Zedong had found his calling and was striving to reach the top. 

We've long known that building more homes helps keep prices in check at the regional or metro area level, but what about the house down the street? Evan Mast shares two research studies that shed light on this important and controversial question. Originally aired in 2021. Updated show notes.Show notes:Mast, E. (2023). JUE Insight: The effect of new market-rate housing construction on the low-income housing market. Journal of Urban Economics, 133, 103383.Asquith, B. J., Mast, E., & Reed, D. (2023). Local effects of large new apartment buildings in low-income areas. Review of Economics and Statistics, 105(2), 359-375.Bratu, C., Harjunen, O., & Saarimaa, T. (2023). JUE Insight: City-wide effects of new housing supply: Evidence from moving chains. Journal of Urban Economics, 133, 103528.Li, X. (2022). Do new housing units in your backyard raise your rents? Journal of Economic Geography, 22(6), 1309-1352.Guerrieri, V., Hartley, D., & Hurst, E. (2013). Endogenous gentrification and housing price dynamics. Journal of Public Economics, 100, 45-60.Phillips, S., Manville, M., & Lens, M. (2021). Research Roundup: The Effect of Market-Rate Development on Neighborhood Rents. UCLA Lewis Center for Regional Policy Studies.Diamond, R., McQuade, T., & Qian, F. (2019). The effects of rent control expansion on tenants, landlords, and inequality: Evidence from San Francisco. American Economic Review, 109(9), 3365-94.Liu, L., McManus, D. A., & Yannopoulos, E. (2020). Geographic and Temporal Variation in Housing Filtering Rates. Available at SSRN.“Opportunities and Obstacles for Rental Housing Registries,” Jan. 20 Lewis Center event with Assembly member Buffy Wicks and Catherine Bracy. https://youtu.be/vaDTWHxk-I8 

Was ist seelische Überlastung und welche Strategien können uns helfen? Sinja und Boris sprechen über verschiedene Strategien, wie wir durch Schreiben, Spaziergänge, Sport und Meditation wieder zu emotionaler Balance finden können. Die beiden bieten praxisnahe Tipps und wertvolle Einsichten, um Gedanken zu sortieren und das emotionale Wohlbefinden zu steigern. Wie gefällt dir Verstehen, fühlen, glücklich sein? Erzähle es uns hier.Hintergründe und Studien:Strategien bei seelischer Überlastung Link zur Übersicht Unterstützung bei der Suche nach professioneller Hilfe findest du hier: Medizinischer Notdienst: 116 117 (auch im Online-Angebot) Akuthilfe bietet z.B. die Telefonseelsorge 0800 1110111 sowie 0800 1110222 Pennebaker, J. W. (1997). Writing about emotional experiences as a therapeutic process. Psychological science, 8(3), 162-166. Link zur Studie Van Emmerik, A. A., Reijntjes, A., & Kamphuis, J. H. (2013). Writing therapy for posttraumatic stress: a meta-analysis. Psychotherapy and psychosomatics, 82(2), 82-88. Link zur Studie Ming-li, C., Hui-hui, Y., Yuan, L., Qian, L., & Fang, P. (2014). Effect of Short Term Expressive Writing on Stress Reactio. Chinese journal of clinical psychology, 1128-1132. Link zur Studie Schaefer, S., Lövdén, M., Wieckhorst, B., & Lindenberger, U. (2010). Cognitive performance is improved while walking: Differences in cognitive–sensorimotor couplings between children and young adults. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 7, 371 - 389. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405620802535666. Link zur Studie Song, C., Ikei, H., & Miyazaki, Y. (2016). Physiological effects of nature therapy: A review of the research in Japan. International journal of environmental research and public health, 13(8), 781. Link zur Studie Rudolph, D., & McAuley, E. (1998). Cortisol and affective responses to exercise.. Journal of sports sciences, 16 2, 121-8 . https://doi.org/10.1080/026404198366830. Link zur Studie Wang, C., Tian, Z., & Luo, Q. (2023). The impact of exercise on mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Public Health, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1279599. Link zur StudieWilke, J., Giesche, F., Klier, K., Vogt, L., Herrmann, E., & Banzer, W. (2019). Acute Effects of Resistance Exercise on Cognitive Function in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review with Multilevel Meta-Analysis. Sports Medicine, 49, 905-916. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01085-x. Link zur Studie Dutheil, F., Danini, B., Bagheri, R., Fantini, M. L., Pereira, B., Moustafa, F., ... & Navel, V. (2021). Effects of a short daytime nap on the cognitive performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(19), 10212 Link zur Studie Unsere allgemeinen Datenschutzrichtlinien finden Sie unter https://art19.com/privacy. Die Datenschutzrichtlinien für Kalifornien sind unter https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info abrufbar.

 Dr. Cheng Qian is a neuroscientist specializing in pioneering human-computer interactive technology for dream exploration and interaction. His mission is to expand the applications of cutting-edge wearable EEG technology, originally developed for cognitive and sleep research purposes, into the field of dream studies. Dr. Qian shares insights on how accurate data from brainwave technology aids research. Explore your lucid dreams like a pro with this new headband called Enchanted Wave, a brainwave-sensing technology for lucid dreaming. It is an at-home EEG reader and an app with features to help you get lucid!Get your headband with 10% off promo code  thedreamworldpodcast Send us a textSupport the showFollow The Dream World PodcastVisit Our WebsiteInstagram @TheDreamWorldPodcastTik Tok @aminasdreamworldSpotifyFacebookLucid Dreaming Online Course

Alex Qian is undoubtedly one of the most skilled photographers of our time. He's dabbled in every medium of photography you can imagine; from humble roots in real estate gigs, to world-class nature photography, to large-scale collaborations with brand names like Xbox. Making it as a photographer professionally is never easy, but luckily Alex has plenty of tips and experiences to share, as well as many beautiful images to admire. Learn all about Alex's journey in this episode of the CinePacks Podcast.Follow Alex - https://www.instagram.com/_alexqian00:00 - One of My Biggest Breaks: Alex discusses his breakthrough with Xbox and the start of his creative career.00:21 - The Move to L.A.: Why Alex left his corporate job in Chicago for a new life in Los Angeles.00:55 - Building a Following: The early days of Alex's social media journey and how it led to brand opportunities.03:00 - Urban Exploration & Rooftopping: Alex's love for urban photography and the thrill of exploring new heights.09:08 - First Big Brand Deal: How Alex landed his first major campaign with Xbox and the lessons learned.12:45 - Navigating Brand Expectations: Alex talks about the importance of balancing creativity with client expectations.14:44 - Creative Campaigns with Xbox and Halo: Behind the scenes of Alex's innovative Halo shoot and the challenges of working with big brands.26:00 - Light Painting & Drone Photography: Alex explains his techniques and the art of creating stunning visual effects.32:00 - The Value of Authenticity: Why Alex believes in showing the creative process and being authentic in his work.41:19 - The Story Behind the Shot: Alex shares a wild story about nearly losing his camera after an epic shoot.52:00 - Future Projects & Advice: What's next for Alex and his advice for aspiring photographers and content creators.Support the Show.

Welcome to another episode of New Books in Chinese Studies. Today, I will be talking to Columbia University professor Ying Qian about her new book, Revolutionary Becomings: Documentary Media in Twentieth-Century China (Columbia UP, 2023).  The volume enriches our understanding of media's role in China's revolutionary history by turning to documentary. Qian guides readers through early documentary practice, left- and right-wing Republican documentary, and documentary as it functioned in the socialist and early postsocialist periods. In reference to socialist documentary, she writes, “As the vanguard of cinema, documentary in the Mao era meant, in principle, to facilitate the dialectical relationship between the masses and the party, not only to aid in their mutual constitution, but also to facilitate a collective formation of knowledge and priorities to direct the unfolding of the revolution” (249). In our interview, we will discover how crucial this understudied genre has been in the 20th century and learn how the mutually constitutive dialectic between documentary form and revolution worked in practice. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Welcome to another episode of New Books in Chinese Studies. Today, I will be talking to Columbia University professor Ying Qian about her new book, Revolutionary Becomings: Documentary Media in Twentieth-Century China (Columbia UP, 2023).  The volume enriches our understanding of media's role in China's revolutionary history by turning to documentary. Qian guides readers through early documentary practice, left- and right-wing Republican documentary, and documentary as it functioned in the socialist and early postsocialist periods. In reference to socialist documentary, she writes, “As the vanguard of cinema, documentary in the Mao era meant, in principle, to facilitate the dialectical relationship between the masses and the party, not only to aid in their mutual constitution, but also to facilitate a collective formation of knowledge and priorities to direct the unfolding of the revolution” (249). In our interview, we will discover how crucial this understudied genre has been in the 20th century and learn how the mutually constitutive dialectic between documentary form and revolution worked in practice. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

Welcome to another episode of New Books in Chinese Studies. Today, I will be talking to Columbia University professor Ying Qian about her new book, Revolutionary Becomings: Documentary Media in Twentieth-Century China (Columbia UP, 2023).  The volume enriches our understanding of media's role in China's revolutionary history by turning to documentary. Qian guides readers through early documentary practice, left- and right-wing Republican documentary, and documentary as it functioned in the socialist and early postsocialist periods. In reference to socialist documentary, she writes, “As the vanguard of cinema, documentary in the Mao era meant, in principle, to facilitate the dialectical relationship between the masses and the party, not only to aid in their mutual constitution, but also to facilitate a collective formation of knowledge and priorities to direct the unfolding of the revolution” (249). In our interview, we will discover how crucial this understudied genre has been in the 20th century and learn how the mutually constitutive dialectic between documentary form and revolution worked in practice. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/east-asian-studies

Welcome to another episode of New Books in Chinese Studies. Today, I will be talking to Columbia University professor Ying Qian about her new book, Revolutionary Becomings: Documentary Media in Twentieth-Century China (Columbia UP, 2023).  The volume enriches our understanding of media's role in China's revolutionary history by turning to documentary. Qian guides readers through early documentary practice, left- and right-wing Republican documentary, and documentary as it functioned in the socialist and early postsocialist periods. In reference to socialist documentary, she writes, “As the vanguard of cinema, documentary in the Mao era meant, in principle, to facilitate the dialectical relationship between the masses and the party, not only to aid in their mutual constitution, but also to facilitate a collective formation of knowledge and priorities to direct the unfolding of the revolution” (249). In our interview, we will discover how crucial this understudied genre has been in the 20th century and learn how the mutually constitutive dialectic between documentary form and revolution worked in practice. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/film

Welcome to another episode of New Books in Chinese Studies. Today, I will be talking to Columbia University professor Ying Qian about her new book, Revolutionary Becomings: Documentary Media in Twentieth-Century China (Columbia UP, 2023).  The volume enriches our understanding of media's role in China's revolutionary history by turning to documentary. Qian guides readers through early documentary practice, left- and right-wing Republican documentary, and documentary as it functioned in the socialist and early postsocialist periods. In reference to socialist documentary, she writes, “As the vanguard of cinema, documentary in the Mao era meant, in principle, to facilitate the dialectical relationship between the masses and the party, not only to aid in their mutual constitution, but also to facilitate a collective formation of knowledge and priorities to direct the unfolding of the revolution” (249). In our interview, we will discover how crucial this understudied genre has been in the 20th century and learn how the mutually constitutive dialectic between documentary form and revolution worked in practice. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/chinese-studies

Welcome to another episode of New Books in Chinese Studies. Today, I will be talking to Columbia University professor Ying Qian about her new book, Revolutionary Becomings: Documentary Media in Twentieth-Century China (Columbia UP, 2023).  The volume enriches our understanding of media's role in China's revolutionary history by turning to documentary. Qian guides readers through early documentary practice, left- and right-wing Republican documentary, and documentary as it functioned in the socialist and early postsocialist periods. In reference to socialist documentary, she writes, “As the vanguard of cinema, documentary in the Mao era meant, in principle, to facilitate the dialectical relationship between the masses and the party, not only to aid in their mutual constitution, but also to facilitate a collective formation of knowledge and priorities to direct the unfolding of the revolution” (249). In our interview, we will discover how crucial this understudied genre has been in the 20th century and learn how the mutually constitutive dialectic between documentary form and revolution worked in practice. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/communications

Mingran Qian, the mastermind behind Q2 Machining, is not just a wizard of CNC machining but also an accomplished marksman. With a degree from Michigan State University, Mingran transformed his vis...

06/23/2024, Kokyo Henkel, dharma talk at Green Gulch Farm. Case 35 in the Gateless Barrier koan collection tells the story of Qian's spirit being divided between following her heart and being responsible by following obligations. Is one path more true than the other or not?

Chinese philanthropic foundations navigate a uniquely challenging terrain shaped by authoritarian governance. The Governance of Philanthropic Foundations in Authoritarian China: A Power Perspective (Routledge, 2022) examines these complexities, delivering a novel multilevel analysis of the power dynamics that underpin the governance of nonprofit organizations within an authoritarian context. Chinese philanthropic foundations, with their distinct democratic culture, grapple with a unique set of challenges. The government's evolving methods of control often lead to stringent regulations that limit the foundations' autonomy. Foundations that heavily rely on individual donations are particularly vulnerable to these pressures, potentially transforming into conduits of authoritarianism rather than champions of democratic values. This book offers a comprehensive and, at times, bleak picture of the conditions under which Chinese foundations operate, offering critical insights into the future trajectory of the nonprofit sector in China. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Chinese philanthropic foundations navigate a uniquely challenging terrain shaped by authoritarian governance. The Governance of Philanthropic Foundations in Authoritarian China: A Power Perspective (Routledge, 2022) examines these complexities, delivering a novel multilevel analysis of the power dynamics that underpin the governance of nonprofit organizations within an authoritarian context. Chinese philanthropic foundations, with their distinct democratic culture, grapple with a unique set of challenges. The government's evolving methods of control often lead to stringent regulations that limit the foundations' autonomy. Foundations that heavily rely on individual donations are particularly vulnerable to these pressures, potentially transforming into conduits of authoritarianism rather than champions of democratic values. This book offers a comprehensive and, at times, bleak picture of the conditions under which Chinese foundations operate, offering critical insights into the future trajectory of the nonprofit sector in China. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/east-asian-studies

Chinese philanthropic foundations navigate a uniquely challenging terrain shaped by authoritarian governance. The Governance of Philanthropic Foundations in Authoritarian China: A Power Perspective (Routledge, 2022) examines these complexities, delivering a novel multilevel analysis of the power dynamics that underpin the governance of nonprofit organizations within an authoritarian context. Chinese philanthropic foundations, with their distinct democratic culture, grapple with a unique set of challenges. The government's evolving methods of control often lead to stringent regulations that limit the foundations' autonomy. Foundations that heavily rely on individual donations are particularly vulnerable to these pressures, potentially transforming into conduits of authoritarianism rather than champions of democratic values. This book offers a comprehensive and, at times, bleak picture of the conditions under which Chinese foundations operate, offering critical insights into the future trajectory of the nonprofit sector in China. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/chinese-studies

The life of the great 20th century historian Qian Mu.Support the Show.

Summary This week, Anna and Nico catch up with Antonio Sanso, Researcher at the Ethereum Foundation and Youssef El Housni, Engineer at ConsenSys and builder of Linea. They discuss Antonio and Youssef's new work, Families of prime-order endomorphism-equipped embedded curves on pairing-friendly curves and dive into Elliptic Curve cryptography, Bandersnatch and Verkle Tries amongst much more, before dissecting what terms in the title of this paper truly mean. After getting into the weeds of cryptographic technicalities, the group explores where this work could be used and what it would enable. Here's some additional links for this episode: zkSummit: A new optimized elliptic curve for one layer proof composition - Youssef El Housni (EY) ZK7: Pairings in a SNARK - Youssef El Housni - ConsenSys ZK Study Club - ZEXE reading pt 1 (of 3) ZK Study Club - ZEXE reading pt 2 (of 3) ZK Study Club - ZEXE reading pt 3 (of 3) Introducing Bandersnatch: a fast elliptic curve built over the BLS12-381 scalar field by Masson and Sanso Verifiable Delay Functions from Supersingular Isogenies and Pairings by De Feo, Masson, Petit and Sanso Episode 117: Isogenies with Luca De Feo Families of prime-order endomorphism-equipped embedded curves on pairing-friendly curves C∅C∅: A Framework for Building Composable Zero-Knowledge Proofs by Kosba, Zhao, Miller, Qian, Chan, Papamanthou, Pass, Shelat and Shi Constructing Elliptic Curves with Prescribed Embedding Degrees by Barreto, Lynn and Scott Welcome/Opening + Invited Talk by Nadia Heninger (PKC 2024) SafeCurves: choosing safe curves for elliptic-curve cryptography Check out the latest jobs in ZK at the ZK Podcast Jobs Board. The next ZK Hack IRL is happening May 17-19 in Kraków, there's still time to join at zkkrakow.com. Namada is the shielded asset hub rewarding you to protect the multichain. Built to give you full control over sharing your personal information, Namada brings data protection to existing assets, applications, and networks. Namada ends the era of transparency by default, enabling shielded transfers and shielded cross-chain actions to protect your data even when interacting with transparent chains. Learn more and follow Namada mainnet launch at namada.net. If you like what we do: Find all our links here! @ZeroKnowledge | Linktree Subscribe to our podcast newsletter Follow us on Twitter @zeroknowledgefm Join us on Telegram Catch us on YouTube

Qian Wang, Ph.D., is Vanguard's Asia-Pacific chief economist and global head of the Vanguard Capital Markets Model team in the Investment Strategy Group. She is also a member of Vanguard's Strategic Asset Allocation Committee and its Time-Varying Asset Allocation Subcommittee, which oversees and determines the asset allocation strategies of global multi-asset-class portfolios such as the Vanguard Target Retirement Funds. This podcast discusses the Vanguard economic and market outlook for 2024: A return to sound money.   Qian earned a Ph.D. in business administration from Stanford University, an M.A. in economics from Duke University, and a B.A. in international economics from Beijing University. Before joining Vanguard in 2014, Qian was director of research at a sovereign wealth fund based in Asia and the chief China economist and head of greater China macro research at J.P. Morgan.    This podcast is hosted by Rick Ferri, CFA, a long-time Boglehead and investment adviser. The Bogleheads are a group of like-minded individual investors who follow the general investment and business beliefs of John C. Bogle, founder and former CEO of the Vanguard Group. It is a conflict-free community where individual investors reach out and provide education, assistance, and relevant information to other investors of all experience levels at no cost. The organization supports a free forum at Bogleheads.org, and the wiki site is Bogleheads® wiki.    Since 2000, the Bogleheads' have held national conferences in major cities nationwide. There are also many Local Chapters in the US and even a few Foreign Chapters that meet regularly. New Chapters are being added regularly. All Bogleheads activities are coordinated by volunteers who contribute their time and talent.     This podcast is supported by the John C. Bogle Center for Financial Literacy, a non-profit organization approved by the IRS as a 501(c)(3) public charity on February 6, 2012. Your tax-deductible donation to the Bogle Center is appreciated.  

1/2: #HotelMars: #Earth: #Moon: The origins of the Moon and Theia's remains. Qian Yuan, CalTech. Ed Garnero, Arizona State University. Nature Magazine https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-03385-9 1963

2/2: #HotelMars: #Earth: #Moon: The origins of the Moon and Theia's remains. Qian Yuan, CalTech. Ed Garnero, Arizona State University. Nature Magazine https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-03385-9 1939