Podcasts about methods based

Well I am in between trips so I wanted to get an episode out before I check out on vacation.  As usually I have tons of good info to help you train for your next OCR.   First up in the Inside Mike's Mind segment, I talk about one of my favorite subjects, Physiology.  I know not everyone loves learning how the body responds to exercise so I did my best to keep it simple.  But understanding your own physiology helps you create way better workout programs.  This was the basis behind my book, Fuel and Fire.  I specifically dive into how understanding how your body responds to exercise can help you program to be a better and faster runner.   In my research review I discuss a new study out on training to failure.  I have discussed this topic before, but this study compared high load versus low load training to failure or not to failure.  See who won out for strength and muscle size.   And finally in my bonus section I discuss my other favorite topic, Recovery.  Recovery is a pretty broad term so I wanted to take a deeper dive on why it is so important.  I discuss what fatigue is and the different types of fatigue you may experience.  When you understand the type of fatigue you are suffering from you can choose the best recovery method to match that.   All this and more in today episode.     Full shownotes:  www.ocrunderground.com/episode-90  

In Episode 41, Gregg welcomes Dr. Carla Groom. She is a "behavioral science pioneer" who works as Deputy Director for the Behavioral Science Unit in the Department of Work and Pensions in the United Kingdom. She received her doctorate in social psychology from Northwestern University, during which she realized there was a serious structural problem with how the methods-based approach to empirical research framed issues in psychological science. She went on to become a leading thinker in policy and organizational decision-making. In this conversation, she recounts her narrative, which includes major policy successes in the UK, and she and Gregg converse about why the empirical, methods based approach to behavioral science is flawed and how an approach grounded in the ontology of human mental behavior mapped by UTOK affords a radically different, and more helpful view.   --- ℹ️ Find out more about Carla ℹ️ --- LinkedIn: https://uk.linkedin.com/in/carla-groom-5bb77031 Twitter: https://twitter.com/carla_groom --- ℹ️ Find out more about Gregg Henriques ℹ️ --- Psychology Today: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/contributors/gregg-henriques-phd Medium: https://gregghenriques.medium.com/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/henriqgx ---

AI Eye P:odcast #504: GBT Tokenize Developing Health Analysis Methods Based on Kirlian Electrophotography Research and NICE (NasdaqGS: $NICE) Introduces New AI-Based RPA Capabilities

AI Eye P:odcast #504: GBT Tokenize Developing Health Analysis Methods Based on Kirlian Electrophotography Research and NICE (NasdaqGS: $NICE) Introduces New AI-Based RPA Capabilities

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.09.30.319921v1?rss=1 Authors: Shiga, M., Seno, S., Onizuka, M., Matsuda, H. Abstract: Unsupervised cell clustering is important in discovering cell diversity and subpopulations. Single-cell clustering using gene expression profiles is known to show different results depending on the method of expression quantification; nevertheless, most single-cell clustering methods do not consider the method. In this article, we propose a robust and highly accurate clustering method using joint non-negative matrix factorization (joint NMF) based on multiple gene expression profiles quantified using different methods. Matrix factorization is an excellent method for dimension reduction and feature extraction of data. In particular, NMF approximates the data matrix as the product of two matrices in which all factors are non-negative. Our joint NMF can extract common factors among multiple gene expression profiles by applying each NMF to them under the constraint that one of the factorized matrices is shared among the multiple NMFs. The joint NMF determines more robust and accurate cell clustering results by leveraging multiple quantification methods compared to the conventional clustering methods, which uses only a single quantification method. In conclusion, our study showed that our clustering method using multiple gene expression profiles is more accurate than other popular methods. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

Background: In the last few decades, health systems research (HSR) has garnered much attention with a rapid increase in the related literature. This study aims to review and evaluate the global progress in HSR and assess the current quantitative trends. Methods: Based on data from the Web of Science database, scientometric methods and knowledge visualization techniques were applied to evaluate global scientific production and develop trends of HSR from 1900 to 2012. Results: HSR has increased rapidly over the past 20 years. Currently, there are 28,787 research articles published in 3,674 journals that are listed in 140 Web of Science subject categories. The research in this field has mainly focused on public, environmental and occupational health (6,178, 21.46%), health care sciences and services (5,840, 20.29%), and general and internal medicine (3,783, 13.14%). The top 10 journals had published 2,969 (10.31%) articles and received 5,229 local citations and 40,271 global citations. The top 20 authors together contributed 628 papers, which accounted for a 2.18% share in the cumulative worldwide publications. The most productive author was McKee, from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, with 48 articles. In addition, USA and American institutions ranked the first in health system research productivity, with high citation times, followed by the UK and Canada. Conclusions: HSR is an interdisciplinary area. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries showed they are the leading nations in HSR. Meanwhile, American and Canadian institutions and the World Health Organization play a dominant role in the production, collaboration, and citation of high quality articles. Moreover, health policy and analysis research, health systems and sub-systems research, healthcare and services research, health, epidemiology and economics of communicable and non-communicable diseases, primary care research, health economics and health costs, and pharmacy of hospital have been identified as the mainstream topics in HSR fields. These findings will provide evidence of the current status and trends in HSR all over the world, as well as clues to the impact of this popular topic; thus, helping scientific researchers and policy makers understand the panorama of HSR and predict the dynamic directions of research.

Purpose: To evaluate the selectivity and strength of intraoperative trypan blue staining during removal of epiretinal membranes (ERMs) and the internal limiting membrane. Methods: Based on intraoperative videos, 51 consecutive chromovitrectomies in 51 patients with macular holes, macular pucker, vitreomacular traction syndromes, or persistent macular edema were retrospectively studied. Fifteen subjects underwent trypan blue, 14 indocyanine green, and 22 brilliant blue G chromovitrectomy. The main outcome measure was the color contrast between stained internal limiting membrane or ERM and the underlying unstained tissue by means of objective, quantitative, semiautomated chromaticity difference measurements. Results: Trypan blue stains both ERM and the internal limiting membrane (average chromaticity scores 8.51 and 7.09, respectively; P = 0.48). Internal limiting membrane chromaticity scores were similar for trypan blue (7.09) and brilliant blue G (6.81; P = 0.71) but clearly higher for indocyanine green (15.81; P = 2.45 +/- 10(-5)). Conclusion: Under the premises of our study, trypan blue stains both ERM and the internal limiting membrane. Trypan blue's staining capacity of the internal limiting membrane is similar to that of brilliant blue G but significantly inferior compared with indocyanine green. Trypan blue, thus, represents a useful vital dye for chromovitrectomy, particularly in the presence of ERM, where it allows a sequential approach. RETINA 33:818-824, 2013

Background: We are performing a nationwide survey in a random sample ofGerman general practitioners (GPs), orthopedists, and internists on theuse of placebos and nonspecific as well as complementary treatments andtheir association with basic professional attitudes. In this article weexplain the theoretical considerations behind the study approach and thedevelopment of the questionnaire. Methods: Based on a systematic reviewof published surveys, own surveys on the topic, and on theoreticalconsiderations we developed a preliminary version of a 4-pagequestionnaire that was tested for feasibility in a convenience sample of80 participants of a general medical education event. We also performedcognitive interviews with 8 physicians to investigate whether thequestions were understood adequately. Results: The questions on typicalplacebos and complementary treatments were well understood and easy toanswer for participants. Discussions about the phrasing of questions onnonspecific treatments during interview reflected the vagueness of thisconcept; but this did not seem to create major problems when answeringthe related questions. The original questions regarding basicprofessional attitudes partly were not understood in the mannerintended. The relevant questions were modified but the interviewssuggest that these issues are difficult to grasp in a quantitativesurvey. Conclusion: Our testing procedures suggest that ourquestionnaire is well-suited to investigate our questions with somelimitations regarding the issue of basic professional attitudes.

Background: The evidence on the long-term economic effects of obesity is still scarce. This study aims to analyse the impact of body mass index (BMI) and BMI-change on future pharmaceutical utilisation and expenditures. Methods: Based on data from 2,946 participants in a German population-based health survey (MONICA/KORA, 1994/95) and the follow-up study (2004/05), drug intake and expenditures were estimated using a bottom-up approach. Using univariate and multivariate methods, we analysed the impact of baseline BMI and BMI-change on drug utilisation and expenditures after 10 years. Results: The use of pharmaceuticals was more likely in moderately and severely obese compared to the normal weight group (OR 1.8 and 4.0, respectively). In those who reported pharmaceutical intake, expenditures were about 40% higher for the obese groups. A 1-point BMI-gain in 10 years was, on average, associated with almost 6% higher expenditures compared to a constant BMI. Conclusion: The results suggest that obesity as well as BMI-gain are strong predictors of future drug utilisation and associated expenditures in adults, and thus highlight the necessity of timely and effective intervention and prevention programmes. This study complements the existing literature and provides important information on the relevance of obesity as a health problem.

Background: According to a national reference, 15% of German children and adolescents are overweight (including obese) and 6.3% are obese. An earlier study analysed the impact of childhood overweight and obesity on different components of direct medical costs (physician, hospital and therapists). To complement the existing literature for Germany, this study aims to explore the association of body mass index (BMI) with utilisation of pharmaceuticals and related costs in German children and adolescents. Methods: Based on data from 14, 836 respondents aged 3-17 years in the German Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS), drug intake and associated costs were estimated using a bottom-up approach. To investigate the association of BMI with utilisation and costs, univariate analyses and multivariate generalised mixed models were conducted. Results: There was no significant difference between BMI groups regarding the probability of drug utilisation. However, the number of pharmaceuticals used was significantly higher (14%) for obese children than for normal weight children. Furthermore, there was a trend for more physician-prescribed medication in obese children and adolescents. Among children with pharmaceutical intake, estimated costs were 24% higher for obese children compared with the normal weight group. Conclusions: This is the first study to estimate excess drug costs for obesity based on a representative cross-sectional sample of the child and adolescent population in Germany. The results suggest that obese children should be classified as a priority group for prevention. This study complements the existing literature and provides important information concerning the relevance of childhood obesity as a health problem.

Background: Vertigo and dizziness are symptoms which are reported frequently in clinical practice. We aimed to develop diagnostic indices for four prevalent vertiginous diseases: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), Meniere's disease (MD), vestibular migraine (VM), and phobic postural vertigo (PPV). Methods: Based on a detailed questionnaire handed out to consecutive patients presenting for the first time in our dizziness clinic we preselected a set of seven questions with desirable diagnostic properties when compared with the final diagnosis after medical workup. Using exact logistic regression analysis diagnostic scores, each comprising of four to six items that can simply be added up, were built for each of the four diagnoses. Results: Of 193 patients 131 questionnaires were left after excluding those with missing consent or data. Applying the suggested cut-off points, sensitivity and specificity were 87.5 and 93.5% for BPPV, 100 and 87.4% for MD, 92.3 and 83.7% for VM, 73.7 and 84.1% for PPV, respectively. By changing the cut-off points sensitivity and specificity can be adjusted to meet diagnostic needs. Conclusions: The diagnostic indices showed promising diagnostic properties. Once further validated, they could provide an ease to use and yet flexible tool for screening vertigo in clinical practice and epidemiological research.

Background: Several randomized trials have documented the value of radiation dose escalation in patients with prostate cancer, especially in patients with intermediate risk profile. Up to now dose escalation is usually applied to the whole prostate. IMRT and related techniques currently allow for dose escalation in sub-volumes of the organ. However, the sensitivity of the imaging modality and the fact that small islands of cancer are often dispersed within the whole organ may limit these approaches with regard to a clear clinical benefit. In order to assess potential effects of a dose escalation in certain sub-volumes based on choline PET imaging a mathematical dose-response model was developed. Methods: Based on different assumptions for alpha/beta, gamma 50, sensitivity and specificity of choline PET, the influence of the whole prostate and simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) dose on tumor control probability (TCP) was calculated. Based on the given heterogeneity of all potential variables certain representative permutations of the parameters were chosen and, subsequently, the influence on TCP was assessed. Results: Using schedules with 74 Gy within the whole prostate and a SIB dose of 90 Gy the TCP increase ranged from 23.1% (high detection rate of choline PET, low whole prostate dose, high gamma 50/ASTRO definition for tumor control) to 1.4% TCP gain (low sensitivity of PET, high whole prostate dose, CN + 2 definition for tumor control) or even 0% in selected cases. The corresponding initial TCP values without integrated boost ranged from 67.3% to 100%. According to a large data set of intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients the resulting TCP gains ranged from 22.2% to 10.1% (ASTRO definition) or from 13.2% to 6.0% (CN + 2 definition). Discussion: Although a simplified mathematical model was employed, the presented model allows for an estimation in how far given schedules are relevant for clinical practice. However, the benefit of a SIB based on choline PET seems less than intuitively expected. Only under the assumption of high detection rates and low initial TCP values the TCP gain has been shown to be relevant. Conclusions: Based on the employed assumptions, specific dose escalation to choline PET positive areas within the prostate may increase the local control rates. Due to the lack of exact PET sensitivity and prostate alpha/beta parameter, no firm conclusions can be made. Small variations may completely abrogate the clinical benefit of a SIB based on choline PET imaging.

Besides of dental erosions, sialadenosis manifesting as bilateral swelling of parotid glands, is a typical manifestation of bulimia. Objective: The mechanism of acinar enlargement in sialadenosis is obscure, although peripheral polyneuropathy secondary to systemic disorders is assumed to be significant. This study aimed to find new aspects of pathogenesis of sialadenosis. Methods: Based on a fortuitous observation of diminished alpha-actin-positive myofilaments in myoepithelial cells in sialadenosis, 11 cases each of control and sialadenosis parotid glands were morphometrically analysed assisted by immunohistochemistry for alpha-actin, p63, cytokeratin 14 and Ki67 including double staining. Results: In sialadenosis: the acini were significantly (p

Objectives: Development of risk stratification criteria for predicting mortality in post-infarction patients taking into account LVEF and heart-rate turbulence (HRT). Methods: Based on previous results the two parameters LVEF (continuously) and turbulence slope (TS) as an indicator of the HRT were combined for risk stratification. The method has been applied within two independent data sets (the MPIP-trial and the EMIAT-study). Results: The criteria were defined in order to match the outcome of applying LVEF ( 30 % in sensitivity. In the MPIP trial the optimal criteria selected are TS normal and LVEF ( 21 % or TS abnormal and LVEF ( 40 %. Within the placebo group of the EMIAT-study the corresponding criteria are: TS normal and LVEF ( 23 % or TS abnormal and LVEF ( 40 %. Combining both studies the following criteria could be obtained: TS normal and LVEF ( 20 % or TS abnormal and LVEF ( 40 %. In the MPIP study 83 out of the 581 patients (= 14.3 %) are fulfilling these criteria. Within this group 30 patients have died during the follow-up. In the EMIAT-trial 218 out of the 591 patients (= 37.9 %) are classified as high risk patients with 53 deaths. Combining both studies the high risk group contains 301 patients with 83 deaths (ppv = 27.7 %). Using the MADIT-criterion as classification rule (LVEF ( 30 %) a sample of 375 patients with 85 deaths (ppv = 24 %) can be selected. Conclusions: The stratification rule based on LVEF and TS is able to select high risk patients suitable for implanting an ICD. The rule performs better than the classical one with LVEF alone. The high risk group applying the new criteria is smaller with about the same number of deaths and therefor with a higher positive predictive value. The classification criteria have been validated within a bootstrap study with 100 replications. In all samples the rule based on TS and LVEF (= NEW) was superior to LVEV alone, the high risk group has been smaller (( s: 301 ( 14.5 (NEW) vs. 375 ( 14.5 (LVEF)) and the positive predictive value was larger (( s: 27.2 ( 2.6 % (NEW) vs. 23.3 ( 2.2 % (LVEF)). The new criteria are less expensive due to a reduced number of high risk patients selected.