Podcasts about Physiology

Brian Ruby is the founder of Medifoodz, a company focused on making therapeutic ketogenic nutrition more practical, accessible, and sustainable. Through Medifoodz's Glyvance program, Ruby is combining chef-prepared ketogenic meals with continuous glucose monitoring, digital support, and clinician oversight to help patients translate metabolic health science into everyday life. His work centers on one of the biggest challenges in nutrition-based care: not simply knowing what to eat, but making it easier to consistently eat that way. Dr. Adrian Soto-Mota, MD, PhD, FACP is an internist, metabolic researcher, and professor whose work focuses on human metabolism, ketone biology, and evidence-based approaches to metabolic disease. He earned his PhD in Physiology and Metabolism from the University of Oxford and has conducted research on exogenous ketones, glucose metabolism, and cardiovascular health. In this episode, Dr. Brian, Dr. Tro, Dr. Adrian, and Brian Ruby talk about… (00:00) Intro (02:20) Why Brian Ruby founded Medifoodz (09:49) Dr. Soto Mota's recent study pitting the ADA's recommended diet and a ketogenic diet (22:28) The hardest barrier to entry most people struggle to overcome when starting a keto diet (26:15) Why CGMs are so incredibly valuable sustainability (32:16) Babies, dogs, and real food (39:24) Big Food and subsidies (45:58) Real food and dietary motivation (51:38) The AHA recommended diet diabetes reversal (59:15) Accepting and embracing criticism (01:05:51) Dr. Soto Mota's recent Zetia Study (link below) (01:18:24) Outro   For more information, please see the links below. Thank you for listening!   Links:   Please consider supporting us on Patreon: https://www.lowcarbmd.com/   Brian Ruby: Glyvance: https://medifoodz.com/ X: https://x.com/Medifoodz   Dr. Adrian Soto Mota: X: https://x.com/AdrianSotoMota Zetia Study: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12944-026-03034-w   Dr. Brian Lenzkes:  Website: https://arizonametabolichealth.com/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/BrianLenzkes?ref_src=twsrc^google|twcamp^serp|twgr^author   Dr. Tro Kalayjian:  Website: https://toward.health Twitter: https://twitter.com/DoctorTro IG: https://www.instagram.com/doctortro/   Toward Health App Join a growing community of individuals who are improving their metabolic health; together.  Get started at your own pace with a self-guided curriculum developed by Dr. Tro and his care team, community chat, weekly meetings, courses, challenges, message boards and more.    Apple: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/doctor-tro/id1588693888  Google: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=uk.co.disciplemedia.doctortro&hl=en_US&gl=US Learn more: https://toward.health/community/

Episode: 1623 The textbooks of J. Dorman and Esther Steele.  Today, we meet two very special teachers.

In this episode Andrea Samadi explores how movement and sleep work together in a "brain operating system" for human performance, focusing on restorative sleep (deep + REM), personal WHOOP data, and the trade-offs created by early-morning exercise. She shares four lessons and a simple experiment to help listeners protect REM and deep sleep while maintaining an active life, emphasizing weekly rhythms, small changes, and tracking patterns rather than chasing perfect numbers. SEASON 16 | BONUS EPISODE 4 RESTORATIVE SLEEP Where Adaptation Happens Why deep sleep restores the body, REM helps integrate experience, and healthy habits must work together. ON BONUS EPISODE 4, YOU'LL LEARN: ✔ What restorative sleep really measures ✔ How deep sleep and REM support different forms of recovery ✔ Why REM percentage and duration tell different stories ✔ What my six-month sleep data revealed ✔ The hidden tradeoff behind my 4:00 AM hiking routine ✔ What happened when I slept just 21 minutes longer ✔ Why healthy habits can sometimes compete ✔ How to protect sleep without giving up movement ✔ 4 Lessons and a simple experiment for discovering your own best rhythm Episode Introduction Welcome back to the Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast, where we bridge neuroscience, social and emotional learning, and human performance to create measurable improvements in well-being, achievement, leadership, productivity and results. I'm Andrea Samadi, and throughout Season 16 we have been building what I call the Brain's Operating System for Human Performance—a neuroscience-based framework for understanding how the systems of the brain and body work together to influence how we learn, adapt, connect, lead and ultimately perform. We are currently in Phase 3: Movement, Learning and Cognition. Movement is the foundation of this phase because it affects far more than our muscles. When we move, we activate processes throughout the brain and body. Movement supports neurogenesis—the development of new neurons—particularly in areas involved in learning and memory. It strengthens connections between neurons through synaptic plasticity. We covered neurogenesis on EP 141[i] if you want to revisit that episode, if you are as curious as I am about how to regrow our brain cells. Movement that we are learning in this phase, also influences brain chemicals such as dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine and acetylcholine, which affect motivation, mood, attention and learning. Movement can also strengthen our resilience by helping us manage stress and become more emotionally flexible. It builds sleep pressure, (the longer we stay awake, the more adenosine accumulates that increases our need or “pressure” to rest) which can support deeper, more restorative sleep. And over time, these changes may contribute to greater creativity, insight, endurance and human potential. But movement only creates the stimulus. The benefits don't come from movement alone. They come from the way the brain and body respond to that movement—and that response is called adaptation. Movement changes the brain. Adaptation changes the body. Recovery is what connects the effort we make today with the strength, resilience and capacity we hope to build tomorrow. Without adequate recovery, we can receive the stimulus without fully receiving the benefit. That is why sleep belongs inside the Movement Loop. Sleep is not separate from movement, learning or performance. It is one of the primary places where the brain and body respond to what we have asked them to do. Throughout Season 16, I've been sharing some of my own health and performance data as a living case study—not because everyone should try to reproduce my numbers, but because our individual trends can help us understand how neuroscience shows up in everyday life. I thought that if I was curious about understanding my numbers—and using them to improve my health, well-being and productivity—then other people might benefit from what I've learned along the way. My data has helped me see that movement, recovery and performance cannot be understood in isolation. They work together as a system: Movement creates the stimulus. Recovery creates the conditions for adaptation. Restorative sleep is one of the places where that adaptation unfolds. And this brings us to one of the most important recovery metrics I've learned to follow: Restorative sleep. We often celebrate what happens while we're awake: Our productivity. Our focus. Our learning. Our movement. Our performance. But much of the adaptation supporting those abilities happens while we sleep. Deep sleep supports physical restoration. REM sleep supports emotional processing, memory integration and cognitive flexibility. Together, these stages help convert the demands of one day into greater capacity for the next. This episode began with one honest question about my own routine: THE QUESTION: What am I gaining by waking at 4:00 AM to hike—and what might I be giving up by not sleeping longer? This is not simply an episode about sleeping more. It is about creating a rhythm in which two essential health behaviors—sleep and exercise—support one another instead of competing for the same limited hours. You will see my data exactly as it is. Sleep is one of the weaker links in my current health routine, which makes it a useful place to learn. The goal is not to judge the data. The goal is to let the data ask a better question. Lesson 1: Restorative Sleep Contains Two Stories WHOOP (the wearable device that I use to measure sleep) defines restorative sleep as the combined time spent in deep sleep, also called slow-wave sleep, and REM sleep. Combining the two creates a useful overview, but separating them reveals two different parts of the story. Deep Sleep or Slow-Wave Sleep: Physical Restoration Deep sleep is concentrated more heavily in the earlier part of the night and supports processes associated with physical restoration. It is relevant after hiking, Zone 2 exercise, strength training and other demanding activity because sleep is part of how the body responds to the strain we create. During deep sleep: Tissue repair is supported. Growth hormone release increases. Immune function is supported. Energy is restored. The body adapts to physical strain. REM Sleep: Integration REM stands for rapid eye movement sleep and is known as the “mentally restorative” stage of sleep. This is where most dreams occur, and short-term memories are converted into long-term memories. During REM, the brain is highly active while most voluntary muscles remain temporarily inhibited. I'll never forget the part of our interview with Dr. Jaland Balal[ii], when he explained that this feature is what keeps us safe from moving around too much while we are sleeping, keeping our sleeping partners safe. REM has been associated with: Emotional processing Memory integration Aspects of learning Cognitive flexibility Creative associations Connecting new information with previous experiences Memory is supported across several sleep stages—not by REM alone. REM helps the brain process, connect and integrate. REM periods also tend to become longer as the night progresses. That means shortening the end of the sleep window may disproportionately reduce the opportunity for the longer, more REM-rich cycles that occur toward morning. Deep sleep helps restore the body. REM helps integrate the brain. We need both. That second sentence is personally meaningful because I have logged my dreams for years. A dream is not a diagnosis or a literal solution, and dreams can occur outside REM. But a dream log gives me a qualitative record of recurring emotions, images, relationships, problems and emerging ideas that my mind may still be processing. Since I enjoy learning, interviewing, writing, teaching and connecting ideas across neuroscience and social-emotional learning, REM matters for more than dream recall (which by itself is fascinating and something we will look deeper at in Phase 5 with Integration and Meaning). Lesson 2: My Data Revealed a Duration Gap When I looked at my WHOOP trends, the total restorative-sleep number was only the beginning.   Metric My average   Six-month restorative sleep 2 hr 43 min   Lifetime REM 1 hr 37 min   Last 90 days REM 1 hr 18 min   Last 30 days REM 1 hr 20 min   Recent REM percentage About 20% When I looked at six months of WHOOP data, my average restorative sleep was: 2 hours and 43 minutes per night. That number gave me the total time spent in deep sleep and REM—but it did not tell me how those two stages were distributed. When I separated them, another story emerged. My lifetime REM average was approximately: 1 hour and 37 minutes per night. But over my more recent periods, that changed: Last 90 days: approximately 1 hour and 18 minutes Last 30 days: approximately 1 hour and 20 minutes Recent REM percentage: approximately 20% of my total sleep Twenty percent is within a commonly reported adult range. But compared with my own lifetime average, my recent REM duration was approximately 17–19 minutes lower per night. That distinction matters. My REM percentage may appear healthy while my total REM duration is still lower than my personal historical average. So my real question became: Not “Is my REM normal?” but “What conditions help my brain produce more of its own normal REM?” This is the value of tracking. THE DATA LESSON: A population range provides context. Your baseline provides the story. Your trend gives you a question to test.           Lesson 3: The 4:00 AM Tradeoff I love hiking early. It gives me cardiovascular conditioning, time outside, morning light, mental clarity and consistency. In Arizona, it also helps me finish before extreme heat heats around 8am. But if I go to bed at 8:30 PM and wake at 4:00 AM, I create a maximum sleep opportunity of seven and a half hours. That is time in bed—not necessarily time asleep. It does not include the time required to fall asleep or periods of wakefulness during the night. If I remain in bed until 6:00 AM, I create two additional hours of sleep opportunity. Those two hours would not equal two hours of REM. They would contain a mixture of sleep stages and perhaps brief wakefulness. But because REM episodes generally lengthen later in the night, the added opportunity may protect some of the more REM-rich portion of sleep. If you want to understand sleep cycles, I highly recommend taking Dr. Mathew Walker's Masterclass[iii] The Science of Better Sleep. What the Early 4am Wake Gives Me Early movement and consistency Cardiovascular conditioning Time outdoors and morning light The mental and emotional benefits of hiking What Might it Cost Me Up to two hours of total sleep opportunity (lost) Part of one or more later sleep cycles (lost) Greater opportunity for REM and dream recall (important to me) Time for memory and emotional processing across sleep (important to me) The accurate interpretation is not that I lose two hours of REM. It is that I may give up two hours of sleep opportunity containing some of the night's more REM-rich cycles. That led to my central realization: healthy behaviors (like my early wake to hike) can compete when their timing is not coordinated. MY AHA MOMENT: Am I creating better sleep through movement—or repeatedly borrowing from the final part of sleep to make that movement happen? My wearable cannot prove that early wake times caused the change. Consumer wearables estimate sleep stages; they do not measure them with clinical polysomnography. But the pattern gives me a reasonable hypothesis to test. That is what self-tracking should do: not make us anxious about a number, but help us ask a better question. A Real-Time Clue: What 21 More Minutes Revealed While preparing this episode, my data gave me a real-time example of the tradeoff. On Thursday, August 27, I woke at 4:21 AM instead of 4:00 AM. That night I recorded three hours and two minutes of restorative sleep—the highest total of the week. It included one hour and seven minutes of deep sleep and one hour and 55 minutes of REM. That REM duration was approximately 35 minutes above my recent 30-day average. My graph in the show notes showed a substantial REM period close to the end of the sleep window. Twenty-one additional minutes cannot explain a 35-minute difference, and one night cannot establish cause. Sleep varies from night to night. But the observation supports the hypothesis that a 4:00 AM alarm may sometimes interrupt a REM period already underway. I also remembered my dream and added it to my dream log. That gave me another kind of data: not just how long I slept, but what my mind may have been processing, integrating or connecting. One night is a clue—not proof. Watch the trend. The lesson is not that 4:21 AM is a magical wake time. The lesson is that the final portion of sleep may be more valuable than its length makes it appear. A small extension may sometimes allow the brain to finish a cycle that an earlier alarm (or your natural body's alarm) would interrupt. Lesson 4: Build a Rhythm, Not a Perfect Day The remedy I've concluded is not to stop hiking, (I would be miserable) and it is not to maximize sleep or exercise in isolation (I wouldn't feel productive sleeping in longer). The solution is to create a weekly rhythm in which movement provides the stimulus and sleep protects the opportunity for adaptation. For me, that rhythm can include two kinds of days: 1. Early-Hike Days (twice a week) When a 4:00 AM wake time is necessary, (and possible). I can treat bedtime as part of the training plan. If family responsibilities the night before make a very early bedtime unrealistic, I can recognize that constraint and adapt. But it is important that I get to bed by 8:30pm if I want to wake up 4am.   2. Sleep-Protected Mornings On selected non-hiking days, I can remain asleep until approximately 5:00 or 6:00 AM and move later.  These mornings create more opportunity for later sleep cycles and give me a comparison condition for my experiment. What happens if I stay in bed longer? The goal is not a perfect day. The goal is a sustainable week. The Movement Loop is not: Move → Move More → Keep Pushing. It is: Movement → Recovery → Adaptation → Performance → Greater Capacity. For you, the listener, are you giving yourself enough time to recover? To Adapt? To Increase Performance? That leads to greater capacity? Or, did you notice, like me, that there was a trade off with your schedule? Tips to Implement: Run Your Own Restorative-Sleep Experiment You do not need my wake time, my REM number or a WHOOP device to learn from your own pattern. Use this five-step experiment for two to four weeks. Establish your baseline. Record your usual bedtime, wake time, estimated sleep duration, morning energy and—if available—deep and REM sleep for at least seven nights. The Whoop device rewards users who go to bed, and wake at the same time, calling it sleep consistency. Choose one change. Add 20–60 minutes of sleep opportunity on selected mornings, or move bedtime earlier before early-training days. Avoid changing every variable at once. Stanford Professor, Dr. Andrew Huberman[iv] suggests that if you can find a way to add heat to your sleeping environment in the final 2 hours of your sleep, it can increase your REM sleep. Sleeping just 21 more minutes for me made a notable difference. Protect movement differently. On sleep-protected mornings, move later, shorten the session or choose a lower-intensity option instead of skipping movement entirely. This was the game changer for me.  I opted for a walk on sleep protected days. Track a small set of outcomes. Use total sleep, restorative sleep or dream recall if available, morning clarity, afternoon energy and exercise quality. Optional wearable metrics include recovery, HRV and resting heart rate. This is where you have to notice what you see from this ONE change. It might be obvious like mine—I noticed that extra time led to a dream that I could recall. Review the pattern—not the best night. Compare at least one or two weeks of early mornings with sleep-protected mornings. Look for a repeatable combination that supports both recovery and movement. The patterns will reveal whether the ONE thing you changed made a difference for you. If you do use a wearable, remember that sleep stages are estimates. Use the device to compare patterns under similar conditions, not to diagnose a sleep disorder or chase a perfect stage score. KEY QUESTION: Can I preserve the benefits of movement without repeatedly borrowing the time my brain and body need for recovery? A Bigger Experiment Is Still Underway I have also removed one significant sleep disruptor and am tracking what happens to my REM, sleep stress, HRV, resting heart rate and recovery. I do not want to draw conclusions too early. I want enough data to distinguish a temporary response from a genuine physiological shift, so I will return to that experiment in a future episode. For now, the question is narrower: how can I protect restorative sleep while continuing to live an active life? Review  To review and conclude this week's BONUS EP 4, let's bring the four lessons—and the data—together. Lesson 1: Restorative Sleep Contains Two Stories Restorative sleep combines two important stages: Deep sleep and REM sleep. Deep sleep supports physical restoration and adaptation. REM supports emotional processing, memory integration, cognitive flexibility and creative association. We need both. Every morning, I look at my restorative-sleep total and hope it is closer to three hours than two. But this episode taught me not to stop at that combined number. The total gives me the overview. Deep sleep and REM tell me how that restoration was distributed. And REM is personally meaningful to me for another reason: I have recorded my dreams for years. Dream recall does not provide a literal interpretation of everything happening in my life. But it gives me a qualitative record of the emotions, experiences, problems and ideas my mind may still be processing. So Lesson 1 is: Restorative sleep is not one number. It contains the story of how the body restores—and how the brain integrates. Lesson 2: My Data Revealed a Duration Gap Over the past six months, my average restorative sleep has been two hours and 43 minutes. My recent REM has represented approximately 20% of my total sleep—a percentage that may appear reasonable. But when I looked at duration rather than percentage, I discovered that my recent REM was approximately 17–19 minutes below my lifetime average. REM percentage and REM duration answer different questions. Percentage tells me how my sleep was distributed. Duration tells me how much actual time my brain spent in that stage. That distinction matters because someone can have a reasonable REM percentage but still receive less total REM when the overall sleep window is shortened. So Lesson 2 is: A percentage can look healthy while duration still reveals a gap. This is why personal baselines are so valuable. Our trends help us identify the question we need to investigate. Lesson 3: The 4:00 AM Wake Time Creates a Tradeoff My data led me to examine my 4:00 AM wake time. Waking at 4:00 does not mean I am losing two hours of REM. It means I may be giving up two hours of total sleep opportunity—time that could contain approximately one to one-and-a-half later, more REM-rich sleep cycles. Then, while I was preparing this episode, I received an early clue. When I slept just 21 minutes longer—waking at 4:21 instead of 4:00—my restorative sleep reached three hours and two minutes. That included one hour and seven minutes of deep sleep and one hour and 55 minutes of REM—approximately 35 minutes more REM than my recent 30-day average. I also remembered my dream and added it to my dream log. Twenty-one additional minutes cannot explain the entire 35-minute difference, and one night does not prove causation. But the graph showed a substantial REM period close to the end of my sleep window. That gave me a clue worth investigating: My 4:00 AM wake time may sometimes interrupt a REM period that is already underway. So Lesson 3 is: The final portion of sleep may be more valuable than its length makes it appear. This does not mean that 4:21 is a magical wake time. It means that a small extension may sometimes allow the brain to finish a cycle that an earlier wake time would interrupt. Dr. Huberman, and Dr. Holmes offered tips to stay in bed longer, to capture REM rich sleep time. Lesson 4: Build a Rhythm, Not a Perfect Day My early-morning hikes provide cardiovascular conditioning, time outside, morning light, mental clarity and emotional regulation. They support my health. They also make me happy. The remedy is not to stop exercising and become miserable. The remedy is to protect sleep as well as I realistically can and arrange movement around a more complete sleep window. That might mean saving selected mornings for longer sleep. It might mean moving later on non-hiking days. It might mean moving bedtime earlier when possible. And it might mean shortening a workout when sleep has been limited. The goal is not to maximize sleep or exercise in isolation. It is to create a sustainable weekly rhythm in which both can happen. So Lesson 4 is: The best routine is not the one that produces a perfect number. It is the one that allows the whole system to work. Now let me ask you: Do you know how much restorative sleep you receive? Do you look beyond the total and examine both deep sleep and REM? Are you tracking percentages—or actual duration? Does your schedule give you enough sleep opportunity? And could one healthy behavior in your life be unintentionally competing with another? My restorative-sleep average gave me the overview. My REM duration revealed the tension. My 4:00 AM wake time created the hypothesis. My additional 21 minutes gave me an early clue. My next step is to test a better rhythm. That is what measurement is supposed to do. Not judge us. Not pressure us to produce a perfect number. Guide us toward a better decision. I hope this deeper look at restorative sleep encourages you to identify one small experiment of your own—not to chase a perfect number, but to discover the rhythm that helps you learn, adapt and perform at your best.   We'll see you next time as we return to Dr. John Medina's work—not to repeat what we have already learned about attention, but to answer the next question in the Movement Loop: once movement activates the brain, how does attention determine what becomes learning? From there, we'll revisit Jason Wittrock's work through a new lens: how metabolic health, nutrition and energy availability help the brain and body sustain movement, recovery and performance. Resources and Episode Pathway Phase 1: Regulation & Safety The Foundation Core Question: Is the nervous system safe enough to learn? Everything begins with regulation. Before we can focus, learn, lead, or perform, the brain first asks one fundamental question: Am I safe? Throughout Phase 1, our guests showed us that regulation isn't simply about reducing stress—it's about creating the biological conditions that allow the brain to learn, adapt, and thrive. Together we explored: Baland Jalal – how sleep, curiosity, imagination, and creativity prepare the brain for learning. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/hypnagogic-genius-capture-your-best-ideas-at-the-edge-of-sleep/   Dr. Bruce Perry – why regulation, rhythm, and relationships form the foundation of every healthy nervous system.  https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/safety-first-why-a-regulated-brain-is-the-key-to-learning/   Dr. Sui Wong – how lifestyle medicine and autonomic balance build lifelong brain resilience. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/your-eyes-the-brain-s-early-warning-system/   Rohan Dixit – how heart rate variability gives us real-time feedback on our ability to regulate stress. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/breathe-to-reset-how-hrv-tech-reveals-hidden-stress/   Dr. Kristen Holmes – how recovery metrics reveal our physiological readiness to perform. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/kristen-holmes-from-whoopcom-on-unlocking-a-better-you-measuring-sleep-recovery-and-strain/   Dr. Antonio Zadra – how sleep and dreaming consolidate memories, regulate emotions, and generate insight. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/when-brains-dream-how-sleep-integrates-emotion-insight-and-creativity/ Together these conversations taught us that sleep and stress regulation aren't optional—they're the operating system that allows every higher brain function to work. Phase 2: Motivation & Neurochemistry The Direction Core Question: What moves us into action? Once the brain feels safe, it becomes ready to pursue goals. In Phase 2, we explored the internal chemistry that transforms intention into action. Our experts helped us understand that sustainable motivation isn't about willpower—it's about aligning our beliefs, thoughts, attention, energy, and movement. Together we discovered: Bob Proctor — our beliefs determine the direction of our lives. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/belief-first-the-neuroscience-of-motivation/   Dr. Carolyn Leaf — our thinking literally changes our brain chemistry. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/thoughts-as-biology-how-your-mind-shapes-neurochemistry/   Dr. John Medina — attention determines what the brain encodes and remembers. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/theory-of-mind-the-missing-link-between-attention-reward-and-motivation   Dr. Anna Lembke- Dopamine, Motivation and Why the Brain Repeats Behavior https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/dopamine-nation-the-pleasure%e2%80%93pain-balance-that-drives-motivation/   Dr. Friederike Fabritius — managing our energy allows high performance to become sustainable. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/fun-fear-focus-closing-the-motivation-loop/   Dr. Chuck Hillman & Paul Zientarski — movement activates the brain, preparing it to learn. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/move-to-learn-how-movement-activates-the-brain-and-fuels-motivation/   By the end of Phase 2, we introduced what became The Motivation Loop, showing how beliefs influence thoughts, thoughts influence actions, actions create results, and results reinforce future beliefs. Phase 3: Movement, Learning & Human Performance The Transformation Core Question: How does movement change the brain—and how does recovery transform that change into performance? Now we're taking the next step. Phase 3 builds on everything we've learned so far. If Phase 1 created a regulated nervous system... If Phase 2 created motivation and direction... Phase 3 explains how the brain and body actually become stronger. Together we've explored this process through conversations with: Dr. Chuck Hillman & Paul Zientarski — why movement activates the brain before learning. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-first-how-a-20%e2%80%91minute-walk-lights-up-the-brain/   Dr. John Ratey — how exercise builds a healthier, younger brain. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-matters-how-every-move-rewires-the-brain/   Dr. Kristen Holmes — why recovery determines adaptation and readiness. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-isnt-enough-how-recovery-drives-real-adaptation   Dr. John Medina — how attention transforms movement into lasting learning. Jason Whitrock — how metabolism and cellular energy fuel long-term performance. WHERE WE ARE GOING NEXT Phase 4 — Connection, Emotion & Social Intelligence The Human System Core Question: How do we thrive with other people? The brain didn't evolve in isolation—it evolved through relationships. In Phase 4, we'll explore emotional intelligence, empathy, communication, trust, leadership, and psychological safety to understand how our relationships shape learning, well-being, and performance. Phase 5 — Integration & Human Performance The Complete System Core Question: How do all the systems work together? In our final phase, we'll bring everything together—regulation, motivation, movement, emotion, relationships, learning, and recovery—into one integrated framework. We'll discover how these systems work together to create measurable improvements in our well-being, achievement, leadership, productivity, and results. Selected Sleep References “What Is Restorative Sleep?” https://www.whoop.com/us/en/thelocker/what-is-restorative-sleep/ Patel AK, Reddy V, Shumway KR, Araujo JF. “Physiology, Sleep Stages.” StatPearls/NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526132/ Goldstein AN, Walker MP. “The Role of Sleep in Emotional Brain Function.” Annual Review of Clinical Psychology. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4286245/ Paller KA, Creery JD, Schechtman E. “Memory and Sleep: How Sleep Cognition Can Change the Waking Mind for the Better.” Annual Review of Psychology. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7983127/   REFERENCES:   [i]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 141 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/brain-fact-friday-on-neurogenesis-what-hurts-or-helps-your-brain-cells/   [ii]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 384 Review of our Interview with Dr. Baland Jalal  https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/hypnagogic-genius-capture-your-best-ideas-at-the-edge-of-sleep/   [iii] www.masterclass.com Mathew Walker The Science of a Better Sleep   [iv] https://www.instagram.com/p/DbO7dKLO-c8/?hl=en Dr. Andrew Huberman on ways to increase REM sleep.  

Climate change is fundamentally altering marine environments worldwide. But what does this mean for the creatures that call the ocean home? Join Martin Tresguerres, Ph.D., as he delves into the work of the Allen Discovery Center for Neurobiology in Changing Environments (ADC-NiCE), where researchers are working towards answering this question. Through a combination of neurobiology, physiology and environmental science, ADC-NiCE investigates how climate change affects the nervous systems and behavior of marine animals — ultimately guiding policy, conservation strategies and restoration efforts. Series: "Jeffrey B. Graham Perspectives on Ocean Science Lecture Series" [Science] [Show ID: 41697]

What if one of the most powerful tools for improving your cardiovascular resilience was already built into your body—and completely free? In this science-forward solo episode, Darin dives into the fascinating physiology of breath holding and the mammalian dive response, an ancient survival mechanism humans share with seals, whales, and dolphins. Simply holding your breath triggers an extraordinary cascade inside the body: your heart rate slows, blood vessels constrict to preserve oxygen for vital organs, and your spleen contracts to release oxygen-rich red blood cells into circulation. Darin explores research on elite freedivers, Southeast Asian sea nomads, cardiac hypoxic resistance, and the remarkable ways the human body can adapt to repeated breath-hold training. But he also separates the evidence from the hype, explaining why breath holding alone isn't a miracle intervention and why some of the most promising benefits appear when hypoxic stress is combined with movement and resistance exercise. This episode is a reminder that some of the most extraordinary tools for improving human performance aren't expensive supplements or complicated technologies—they're capacities your body has possessed all along. What You'll Learn What happens inside your body the moment you hold your breath How the mammalian dive response slows your heart rate and redirects blood flow Why your spleen acts like a biological reservoir for oxygen-rich red blood cells How humans share this ancient survival mechanism with marine mammals Why Southeast Asian sea nomads developed remarkable adaptations for freediving How breath-hold training can amplify the body's natural dive response What researchers discovered when elite divers reached extraordinarily low blood oxygen levels How repeated training may create greater hypoxic resilience in the heart Why the long-term benefits of breath-hold training in everyday people are still being studied Why combining hypoxic stress with movement may be more powerful than breath holding alone Chapters 00:00:03 – Welcome to SuperLife 00:00:34 – Sponsor: Alkemis 00:03:26 – The incredible thing happening when you hold your breath 00:03:57 – The ancient survival program you share with dolphins and whales 00:04:31 – The hidden cardiovascular tool almost nobody trains 00:05:03 – A free physiological capacity already built into your body 00:05:38 – What the science actually says about breath-hold training 00:06:09 – Understanding the mammalian dive response 00:06:37 – Your heart, blood vessels, and spleen react within seconds 00:07:11 – Your spleen is a biological oxygen reservoir 00:08:05 – Sponsor: Manna Vitality 00:09:59 – Why cold water amplifies the dive response 00:10:07 – The extraordinary physiology of Southeast Asian sea nomads 00:10:39 – Humans performing underwater like marine mammals 00:11:14 – The mammalian dive response is trainable 00:11:54 – What happened when elite divers reached extremely low blood oxygen 00:12:30 – How the heart adapts during extreme breath holds 00:13:08 – Cardiac hypoxic resistance and a stronger trained heart 00:13:55 – The important limitations of the current research 00:14:41 – Why breath holding alone isn't a miracle 00:15:09 – Combining hypoxic stress with resistance exercise 00:15:42 – Breath holding as a multiplier, not a replacement 00:16:33 – Practical takeaways for training the dive response 00:17:48 – Final thoughts and closing Thank You to Our Sponsors Alkemis: Go to https://alkemispaint.com/ and use code DARIN10 for 10% off your order. Manna Vitality: Go to mannavitality.com/ and use code DARIN12 for 12% off your order. Join the SuperLife Patreon: This is where Darin now shares the deeper work: - weekly voice notes - ingredient trackers - wellness challenges - extended conversations - community accountability - sovereignty practices Join now for only $7.49/month at https://patreon.com/darinolien Find More from Darin Olien: Website: darinolien.com Instagram: @darinolien Book: Fatal Conveniences Platform & Products: superlife.com New Show: Roadmap to Happiness Key Takeaway "You already have an ancient cardiovascular survival mechanism built into your body. Breath holding can trigger measurable changes in heart rate, blood flow, oxygen availability, and the body's response to hypoxic stress—and with training, that response appears capable of adapting. The goal isn't to treat breath holding like a miracle hack. It's to recognize it as another powerful physiological tool that may become even more effective when intelligently combined with movement and training. Bibliography/Sources Hypoxic Training & Cardiovascular Adaptation Bosco, G., et al. (2021). Effect of apnea-induced hypoxia on cardiovascular adaptation and circulating biomarkers of oxidative stress in elite breath-hold divers. Frontiers in Physiology . https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8458773/ Combined training in hypoxic environments improves cardiometabolic health in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. (2025). Frontiers in Medicine . https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1728637/full Costalat, G., et al. (2021). Physiology, pathophysiology and (mal)adaptations to chronic apnoeic training: A state-of-the-art review. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 121, 2669–2685 . https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00421-021-04664-x Palada, I., Bakovic, D., Valic, Z., et al. (2007). Cardiovascular regulation during apnea in elite divers. Hypertension, 50(2) . https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/hypertensionaha.108.127530 Patrizio, I., et al. (2021). Cardiac hypoxic resistance and decreasing lactate during maximum apnea in elite breath-hold divers. Scientific Reports, 11, 3676 . https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-81797-1 The Mammalian Dive Reflex & Genetic Adaptations Ilardo, M. A., Moltke, I., Korneliussen, T. S., et al. (2018). Physiological and genetic adaptations to diving in sea nomads. Cell, 173(3), 569–580 . https://news.berkeley.edu/2018/04/19/enlarged-spleen-key-to-diving-endurance-of-sea-nomads/ Schagatay, E. (2000). Studies on trained apnea divers' amplification of the diving response. Mid Sweden University . https://freedivecafe.com/2019/06/04/42-transcript-erika-schagatay-the-science-of-freediving/ Speck, D. F., & Bruce, D. S. (1978). Effects of varying thermal and apneic conditions on the human diving reflex. Undersea Biomedical Research . https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/breath-holding-dive-reflex-extends/ Inspiratory Muscle Strength Training (IMST) Craighead, D. H., Heinbockel, T. C., Freeberg, K. A., et al. (2021). Time-efficient inspiratory muscle strength training lowers blood pressure and improves endothelial function, NO bioavailability, and oxidative stress in midlife/older adults with above-normal blood pressure. Journal of the American Heart Association, 10(13) . https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.121.022203

In this Supplement Ingredient Series episode, Nurse Doza makes the case for the B vitamin nobody talks about: vitamin B6. Everyone knows B12 — the pills, the injections, the whole routine — but B6 is the cofactor your body leans on to build serotonin, dopamine, and GABA, the neurotransmitters behind mood, focus, and steady daytime energy. He covers who tends to run low, why intake alone doesn't guarantee good status, and where an adaptogen-plus-adrenal formula like Zen fits in. FEATURED PARTNER Zen (Stress Relief) by MSW Nutrition is the formula Nurse Doza reaches for when the B6 conversation turns practical. Each capsule delivers 15 mg of vitamin B6 as P5P — the already-active form your enzymes can use directly — alongside 125 mg of bovine adrenal gland (Argentina) and a five-botanical adaptogen blend: rhodiola, Asian ginseng, eleuthero, schisandra, and licorice, plus vitamin C and 150 mg of pantothenic acid. It's built to support the body's adaptogenic response to everyday stressors and support energy production and stamina.

Stress is often associated with obvious challenges such as heat or transportation, but Dr. Baumgard explains that many stressors trigger similar biological responses. Understanding these shared pathways provides important insight into how stress influences animal health, nutrient utilization, immune function, and ultimately dairy cow performance. (00:00 – 05:16)  The panel examines common stressors encountered in dairy systems, including heat stress, weaning, overcrowding, feed interruptions, dehorning, environmental noise, facility design challenges, and routine management disruptions. The speakers emphasize that stress is not always obvious. In addition, they note that multiple seemingly minor challenges can collectively impact health, welfare, and productivity. (05:17 – 08:29)  A major portion of the discussion focuses on what happens inside the animal during periods of stress. Dr. Baumgard explains how activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis triggers a cascade involving mast cell signaling, reduced mucus production, and increased intestinal permeability. These physiological changes can create conditions that favor pathogen growth. In addition, they can increase inflammation, and reduce productive efficiency. (08:30 – 11:12)  The conversation then turns to gastrointestinal barrier dysfunction, often referred to as "leaky gut." The panel discusses the gut's role as a critical defense system and explains why maintaining intestinal integrity is essential for nutrient absorption, immune regulation, and overall animal health. When stress compromises this barrier, animals become more susceptible to inflammation and disease challenges. (11:13 – 13:26)  While nutrition can play a supportive role, Dr. Baumgard argues that reducing stress through management practices often delivers the greatest return on investment. Preventing stress before it occurs is frequently more effective than attempting to correct physiological disruptions after they have already begun. (13:27 – 14:18)  The speakers also explore the concept of adaptation and stacked stressors, particularly during the transition period. Transition cows frequently encounter multiple challenges simultaneously. Moreover, the cumulative effects of several stressors may overwhelm an animal's ability to adapt. This helps explain why health disorders and performance declines often emerge during critical production stages. (14:19 – 17:28) Heat stress receives special attention as one of the most economically significant stressors affecting dairy cattle worldwide. Dr. Baumgard details how heat stress redistributes blood flow away from the gastrointestinal tract, leading to gut hypoxia and impaired intestinal function. The discussion also examines why cows naturally reduce feed intake during hot conditions. In addition, it explains why cooling and management interventions often outperform nutritional strategies alone. (17:29 – 27:04) The panel then reviews nutritional approaches that may help support animals during periods of stress. While antioxidant responses have been inconsistent across research studies, Dr. Baumgard highlights evidence suggesting that highly bioavailable zinc sources can consistently support intestinal integrity. These zinc sources can also improve resilience during stressful events. (27:05 – 32:22) Another key topic is immune activation and nutrient partitioning. The speakers explain that activated immune systems become major consumers of glucose and amino acids, diverting nutrients away from productive functions such as milk synthesis. This shift helps explain why production losses during stressful periods often exceed what would be expected from reduced feed intake alone. (32:23 – 37:13)  The episode concludes with a discussion on inflammation, endotoxin handling, mineral metabolism, hypocalcemia, and future research priorities. The panel examines how inflammation influences calcium and trace mineral dynamics during the transition period. Furthermore, they discuss the ongoing challenge of identifying practical solutions to stress-induced gut barrier dysfunction. (37:14 – 45:38) Understanding stress physiology requires looking beyond individual stress events and recognizing the interconnected biological systems that influence animal performance. Whether stress originates from environmental conditions, management practices, or physiological demands, many stressors converge on common pathways that affect gut health, immune function, nutrient utilization, and productivity. This episode provides valuable insight into the mechanisms behind those responses. Moreover, it highlights why effective stress management remains one of the most powerful tools for improving dairy cattle health and performance. Please subscribe and share with your industry friends. This helps increase awareness of topics like the impact of excess liver copper concentrations. Invite more people to join us at the Real Science Exchange virtual pub table. Please be sure to register for our upcoming Real Science Lecture Series. If you want one of our Real Science Exchange t-shirts, screenshot your rating, review, or subscription. Then, email a picture to anh.marketing@balchem.com. Include your size and mailing address.

You finally crawl into bed after a long day, grab your phone, and start scrolling. It feels like downtime. But is your body actually experiencing it as recovery? In this episode of the Thyroid Answers Podcast, Dr. Eric Balcavage explores how your digital habits, especially in the evening, can influence sleep, nervous system activation, recovery, and thyroid physiology. Your phone isn't just a device. Every email, notification, news story, social media post, health video, and late-night Google search is an input your brain and nervous system have to process. And timing matters. At night, your body should be transitioning away from output and toward rest and repair. But answering work emails, researching symptoms, scrolling social media, consuming upsetting news, or falling down a YouTube rabbit hole can send a very different signal: stay alert, keep processing, keep reacting. In this episode, you'll learn: Why your phone acts as a nervous system input, not just a source of entertainment How evening screen time and digital stimulation can interfere with the transition into sleep Why poor sleep can become a driver of reduced physiological capacity, not just a symptom The connection between sleep disruption, recovery, and thyroid physiology Why blue light is only one part of the screen-time conversation How emotional stimulation, comparison, health anxiety, work stress, and information overload can keep the nervous system activated Why late-night scrolling can feel like rest or control without actually helping your body recover How bedtime procrastination can contribute to a cycle of poor sleep and lower capacity Why you don't need a complete digital detox to improve your evening rhythm Simple ways to create a "digital downshift" before bed How to audit the signals you're sending your body during the last hour of your day The goal isn't to throw away your phone or create a perfect nighttime routine. It's to recognize that your evening rhythm is either helping your body pay back capacity or borrowing from tomorrow. If scrolling keeps you awake longer, leaves you anxious or wired, encourages comparison, increases cravings, or makes the next morning harder, it may not be the recovery tool you think it is. Instead of trying to overhaul everything, start with one boundary. No phone in bed. No work email after a certain time. No health research at night. Charge your phone outside the bedroom. Replace scrolling with reading. Set a wind-down alarm. The specific strategy matters less than the signal you're trying to create: The day is done. The body can recover. Thyroid recovery doesn't require perfection. It requires sending the body better signals more consistently. Resources Want to look beyond your thyroid labs and identify the stressors, signals, and patterns that may be shaping your thyroid physiology? Get the Thyroid Recovery Blueprint: drericbalcavage.com/thyroid-recovery-blueprint-course Or comment/DM BLUEPRINT for more information.

In this episode, Rebecca Maxwell and Brooke "Rozzie" discuss how functional nutrition, nervous system regulation, and spiritual practices intersect to explain symptoms like anxiety, fatigue, and brain fog—especially for women navigating hormonal changes, chronic stress, and grief. They offer simple, practical rhythms and root‑focused steps for recovery that honor body, soul, and spirit, and point listeners to resources for personalized support through Faithfully Nourished. Brooke Rozmenoski (aka Brooke Rozzie) is a Christian Counselor, Functional Nutrition Coach and the founder of Faithfully Nourished. As a wife and mother of two, Brooke understands firsthand the challenges women face in tending to their health while navigating the demands of marriage, motherhood, and ministry. Through her podcast, coaching programs, retreats, and practice, she has helped hundreds of women uncover the emotional, spiritual, and relational roots of their physical symptoms—restoring God's order to their health, homes, and hearts. Brooke combines counseling, functional nutrition, nervous system support, and biblical truth to guide women out of survival mode and into Spirit-led, sustainable wholeness—so they can stop “doing healing” and start living from a place of Holy Spirit-led freedom. Follow Brooke on Instagram: @brookerozzie Inquire about Brooke's ministry here: https://l.bttr.to/U3LMb For more information about Rebecca Maxwell, please visit Jesusandyourmentalhealth.com  

This week we speak with Ms. Sharon Welsh BSN, RN about a novel project she has embarked upon called CLEAR CHD PHYSIOLOGY (on Instagram chdphysiology.icu) which is a physiology-based site intended to teach bedside critical care nurses about CHD physiology. What signs or symptoms are important and what is their meaning? Why is nursing at the bedside of a sick postoperative newborn so much more difficult than it was at the start of Ms. Welsh's career? How does Ms. Welsh use AI to create a flexible learning tool for RN's and all interested in congenital heart physiology? Ms. Welsh provides the answers this week. 

This hour, Dave Cohen is joined by Nicholas Gilpin, Professor of Physiology and Director at the Alcohol & Drug Abuse Center of Excellence at LSU Health New Orleans, to discuss what's behind a record number of Americans have deciding not to drink at all.

On today's show, Dave Cohen has on Jeff Nowak, WWL Saints sideline reporter, to recap the Saints week of practice out in California and preview the Rams game, Judy Ho, a licensed clinical psychologist & host of the Savvy Psychologist podcast, to discuss why so many people want instant gratification. Nicholas Gilpin, Professor of Physiology and Director at the Alcohol & Drug Abuse Center of Excellence at LSU Health New Orleans, to discuss what's behind a record number of Americans having decided not to drink at all.

A record number of Americans have decided not to drink at all. A Gallup survey of 1,200 adults living in all 50 states has found that 54% of them do consume alcohol, the lowest reading since the polling organization started tracking Americans' drinking habits in 1939. Do you drink?  Have you quit or drink less than before? Nicholas Gilpin, Professor of Physiology and Director at the Alcohol & Drug Abuse Center of Excellence at LSU Health New Orleans, joins Dave Cohen to talk about those trends.

Get Started With Muscle Activation Techniques® To Loosen Your Tight & Achy Muscles Without Stretching: https://www.matschaumburg.com Here's a hard truth that many people struggle with… What is convenient for your life may not be enough to reach your goals. This applies to all areas of life, but with exercise specifically, we see this too often. Unfortunately, while many people stick to doing what is convenient for them, their health, their strength, and their overall function are sacrificed as a result. So what needs to happen instead? On this week's episode of the Exercise Is Health podcast, that is exactly what we are discussing. If you feel like you are consistent with your workouts but aren't getting the results you want, this conversation provides the perspective shift that you may need in order to break through. Check out all the details in this week's episode! Ready to schedule your first Muscle Activation Techniques® session with us? Click here to get started: http://vagaro.com/muscleactivationschaumburg/services Looking for custom workout programming that gets designed to your exact specifications to build your strength and athleticism? Sign up for PRO Strength & Performance Programming: https://www.charliecates.com/programming Would you like to have our guidance implementing the 4 Exercise For Life Principles while you workout? Join the Exercise For Life Membership for free for 30 days! Just head to www.exerciseforlifestudios.com to get started! Did you find this episode helpful? Let us know by leaving us a rating and review on the following platforms: – Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/exercise-is-health/id1330420565 – Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/6H1CneHjsPiPStrAeFTP25?si=X1IuXkp0T1KCv3gCtt3j5g  Want to grab a free copy of our best-selling book, "The Exercise For Life Method"? Click here to order yours while copies are still available! www.exerciseforlifemethod.com Just cover the cost of shipping and handling to have it delivered right to you. Follow us on Instagram for more exercise tips and content about MAT here: – Muscle Activation Schaumburg: @muscleactivationschaumburg  – Julie Cates: @julcates  – Charlie Cates: @charliecates

Why does a patient on furosemide end up needing a potassium supplement? In this episode we walk the length of the nephron— proximal tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct—and trace exactly how each segment reabsorbs and secretes to keep sodium, water, potassium, and acid-base in balance. Along the way we hit the transporters and drug targets that show up again and again on Step 1, from the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter that loop diuretics block to the aldosterone-driven potassium handling in the collecting duct. By the end, that furosemide-and-potassium puzzle will make complete sense. Looking for more information on this topic? Check out the Physiology of the Renal Tubular System brick. If you enjoyed this episode, we'd love for you to leave a review on Apple Podcasts.  It helps with our visibility, and the more med students (or future med students) listen to the podcast, the more we can provide to the future physicians of the world. Follow USMLE-Rx at: Facebook: facebook.com/usmlerx Blog: usmle-rx.com/blog-posts X: @usmle_rx_ Instagram: @usmle_rx_ YouTube: youtube.com/USMLERX Learn how you can access over 250 of our bricks for FREE: https://usmle-rx.com/free-bricks/ Learn more about Rx Bricks by signing up for a free USMLE-Rx account: www.usmle-rx.com You will get 5 days of full access to our Rx360+ program, including over 900 Rx Bricks.

Become a Supporter of The Science of Sport for about the price of a coffee, or a gel, and help us keep the lights on, and Gareth's candle burning! Plus, you'll get ad free listening, a weekly Applied show, and a community that argues better than the internet does!Show notesOn the show today, the physiology behind the best women's Grand Tour we can remember, and a doping ban that fits a pattern we have seen many times before.(00:01:00) The Tour de France Femmes was, we think, the best Grand Tour either of us has watched in years, and we explore the nine stages of unpredictable racing that had us intrigued, even if the record will show that Demi Vollering won four of them.(00:05:56) Kasia Niewiadoma's ride on Mont Ventoux, at somewhere between 5.3 and 5.6 W/kg for the climb, is arguably the greatest climbing performance in the history of women's cycling, and we place it against the published power duration curves to show just how far outside the 90th percentile it sits.(00:17:19) Niewiadoma also posted 9.9 W/kg for 86 seconds, and from that single Strava screenshot we work out her FTP and her W', the anaerobic "battery", which lets us answer the question everyone argued about, namely whether being blocked into that corner actually cost her time to rival Vollering. We think the answer is unequivocally yes, and the maths and the principle of pacing explains why.(00:25:50) Praise for Puck Pieterse, sympathy for Marlen Reusser and Pauline Ferrand-Prévot, and a wonder about the 'mature' podium, and the prospect of a handover to the next generation in good time, just not 'our time'(00:41:41) The World U20 Championships, where a 17 year old ran 7:28 solo for 3000m, Tate Taylor doubled up in 9.94 and 19.83, and the ever-turning carousel of youth talent that is sometimes derailed by injury and sometimes deposed by the next young phenom(00:45:46) Jakob Ingebrigtsen returns and wins the European 5000m title in 13:16, off a slow race that played into his hands, and he explains, correctly, that a 5000m is not a test of speed but of how much speed you have left. He also promises he'll be "astonishingly a lot better" next time.(00:52:32) Jonah Koech gets a three year ban after an adverse passport finding. We explain how the biological passport actually works, why two suspicious samples means the values must have been wildly out of the norm, and why his 3.2% improvement should have invited scepticism long before the blood results did. Performance is not proof, but pattern recognition lives on, with this its latest illustration.(01:07:46) The WNBA has no eligibility policy, so two former NBA players have declared for the women's draft to prove the point. We discuss why choosing not to decide is itself a decision, how people are choosing to pretend a problem doesn't exist (or that it doesn't matter if it does), and contrast this with the WTA who have implemented screening for eligibility, and just gotten on with it(01:15:29) And finally, the origins of the steeplechase, which begins with two blokes, an Irish pub, a wager, and two church steeples. Plus a nutritionist on social media who watched 96 seconds and decided we had lost all credibility. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Could the choices you make today help keep your mind sharper, stronger, and more resilient for decades to come? Tune in for an inspiring discussion with Dr. Tommy Wood on his new book The Stimulated Mind: Future-Proof Your Brain from Dementia and Stay Sharp at Any Age.Moments with Marianne Radio Show airs in the Southern California area on KMET1490AM & 98.1 FM, an ABC Talk News Radio Affiliate!  https://www.kmet1490am.com Dr. Tommy Wood is a neuroscientist, performance consultant, and elite-level professional nerd. He is an Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Neuroscience at the University of Washington, where his research focuses on brain health across the lifespan. This includes therapies for newborn brain injury, prevention and treatment of adult brain trauma, and factors that contribute to long-term cognitive function and decline. Tommy received an undergraduate degree in biochemistry from the University of Cambridge, a medical degree from the University of Oxford, and a PhD in Physiology and Neuroscience from the University of Oslo. Alongside his academic training, Tommy has worked with elite athletes in multiple sports, including multiple Formula 1 drivers. He is also a Director and Treasurer of the British Society of Lifestyle Medicine, Head of Research for the dementia prevention charity Food for the Brain, and co-host of The Better Brain Fitness podcast. https://www.drtommywood.comOrder on Amazon: https://amzn.eu/d/04oTmSWj Discover inspiring conversations with today's leading authors, celebrities, thought leaders, and change makers. To learn more about the Moments with Marianne Radio Show, explore guest interview opportunities, connect with Marianne, and follow her on social media, visit https://www.mariannepestana.comExplore the Moments with Marianne Book Club and find your next great read: https://www.mariannepestana.com/book-club/Listen to the Moments with Marianne Radio Show on KMET 1490AM & 98.1FM, an ABC News Radio Affiliate, weekdays at 8:06 AM PT / 11:06 AM ET and Sundays at 10:06 AM PT / 1:06 PM ET. Learn more at: https://www.kmet1490am.com/moments-with-marianne

Can eating "healthy" actually make your thyroid symptoms worse? In this episode, Dr. Eric Balcavage continues his series on rhythms and thyroid physiology by exploring one of the most overlooked aspects of thyroid recovery: the signals your eating patterns send to your body. Many people with hypothyroidism or Hashimoto's focus on what they eat... cutting gluten, dairy, carbohydrates, or calories... in hopes of improving their thyroid health. But what if the bigger issue isn't food quality... it's whether your body feels consistently nourished? Dr. Eric explains why meal timing, energy availability, carbohydrate intake, and overall fueling patterns can significantly influence thyroid physiology. He also discusses why strategies like intermittent fasting, chronic calorie restriction, low-carb diets, and training in a fasted state may be helpful for some people—but may reinforce a protective, energy-conserving state in others. In this episode, you'll learn: Why your body responds to food availability, not just food quality How meal timing and consistent fueling influence thyroid physiology Why intermittent fasting isn't appropriate for everyone The difference between nourishing your body and signaling scarcity How chronic calorie restriction and under-fueling can affect metabolism and thyroid function Why carbohydrates aren't inherently "good" or "bad" - context matters How blood sugar stability is about more than avoiding glucose spikes A practical nutrition hierarchy for supporting thyroid recovery Questions to help you evaluate whether your current eating pattern is building capacity or creating more stress If you've been eating "clean," cutting calories, or following strict nutrition rules but still struggle with fatigue, brain fog, cold intolerance, poor recovery, or stubborn thyroid symptoms, this episode offers a different perspective on what your body may actually need. Resources Mentioned: ➡️ Grab the Thyroid Recovery Blueprint to begin identifying the stressors, signals, and patterns that may be influencing your thyroid physiology. Need Help Identifying the Root Cause of Your Symptoms? If you've been struggling with thyroid symptoms, fatigue, brain fog, digestive issues, or persistent symptoms despite thyroid medication or supplements, schedule a discovery call at drericbalcavage.com to learn more about Dr. Balcavage's physiology-first approach. Learn More About Dr. Eric Balcavage Dr. Eric Balcavage is the co-author of The Thyroid Debacle and the creator of: • State-Based Medicine™ • The Adaptive Thyroid Model™ • The Strategic Thyroid Solution™ His work focuses on helping patients and practitioners understand thyroid physiology through the lens of metabolic stress, adaptation, and whole-body regulation. Dr. Balcavage's new book, Is This The Hill?, recently released. To learn more, access exclusive bonus content, or to order, visit drericbalcavage.com/hill. Connect with Dr. Eric Balcavage

Do you wake up with a tight chest, a racing mind, or a low-level hum of dread before your day even begins? That is morning anxiety, and it is a completely physiological response. In this episode of Calming Anxiety, clinical hypnotherapist and former frontline paramedic Martin Hewlett breaks down the science behind the Cortisol Awakening Response (CAR) and leads you through a 10-minute clinical recalibration to reset your nervous system.Learn exactly how a high cortisol spike triggers the amygdala to scan for danger, and discover how to instantly interrupt the panic loop using a simple, scientifically backed vagus nerve breathing technique.Whether you are dealing with chronic stress, panic attacks, or simply want a calmer morning routine, this somatic grounding practice is designed to send immediate safety signals to your brain.⏱️ Time Chapters00:00 – The Physiology of Morning Anxiety & The Cortisol Spike02:26 – How the Amygdala Traps You in a Panic Loop02:52 – Vagus Nerve Activation: Extended Exhalation Breathwork04:36 – Guided Golden Light Visualisation for Nervous System Calming07:18 – Mindful Affirmations for Morning Grounding & Safety08:24 – 3 Daily Caring Tips to Interrupt Anxiety Before It Starts09:47 – Somatic Return & Bringing Awareness Back to Your Body✨ Mindful Affirmations for TodayRepeat these truths internally to allow your nervous system to settle and recalibrate:"I am safe in this morning.""My nervous system knows how to recalibrate.""I release what I cannot control.""I am allowed to start slowly.""I am calm, I am grounded, and I am ready."

Send a Text Message. Please include your name and email so we can answer you! Please note, this does not subscribe you to our email list, it's just to answer if you have a questions for us. Have you ever found yourself negotiating with a pint of ice cream at 9 p.m., even though you ate dinner just two hours ago?You tell yourself you'll have “just one bite.” Then maybe one more. Suddenly, you're standing in front of the freezer wondering why this feels so hard.Cravings aren't simply a willpower problem. Blood sugar swings, stress, poor sleep, old habits, and an overly convenient pantry can all make certain foods feel almost impossible to ignore.But you can learn to pause, understand what's driving the urge, and respond without shame or rigid food rules. In this episode, I'm sharing the strategies I journaled about back in 2020 when I was working through my own urges and cravings, which I still use today.ReferencesSecure your spot for the September round of The 30/30 Program now (spaces limited).Get the free podcast roadmap for The Obesity GuideSubscribe to my Youtube channelAll of the information on this podcast is for general informational purposes only. Please talk to your physician and medical team about what is right for you. No medical advice is being on this podcast. If you live in Indiana or Illinois and want to work with doctor Matthea Rentea, you can find out more on www.RenteaClinic.com Join the Fill Your Clinic Bootcamp Aug 18th-20th. Replays available until Aug 31st 2026. Support the show

William Beaumont and Alexis St. Martin stand at the center of one of the most famous and ethically troubling stories in the history of human experimentation. After an accidental musket blast on Mackinac Island in 1822 tore through St. Martin's ribs, lung, diaphragm and stomach, Army surgeon Beaumont saved his life. The wound healed into a permanent gastric fistula - a living opening through which Beaumont could observe human digestion directly.Beginning in 1825, Beaumont tied food to silk thread and lowered it into St. Martin's stomach, extracted gastric juice through tubes, measured temperature and recorded the effects of illness, exercise and emotional disturbance. The work culminated in his 1833 book Experiments and Observations on the Gastric Juice, and the Physiology of Digestion and helped transform the science of digestion. It also documented pain, weakness, vertigo and distress, sometimes followed by a decision to continue.Beaumont was not only St. Martin's doctor. He was also his employer, provider and investigator. In 1832, a labor agreement called St. Martin a "covenant Servant" and required him to "obey, suffer and comply" with reasonable and proper experiments. This episode examines that contract, the imbalance behind it and the limits of consent without erasing St. Martin's agency. He refused surgery, returned to Canada, negotiated payment, left repeatedly, permitted some later examinations and ultimately rejected Beaumont's final efforts to bring him back.Terrifying & True separates the documented medical history from later sensational claims that Beaumont deliberately preserved the opening or kept St. Martin as a literal prisoner. The surviving record is more complicated: lifesaving care, groundbreaking science, economic dependence, negotiated participation and a physician who increasingly spoke of recovering control over another man's body.Inside this episode:· The 1822 musket accident on Mackinac Island· Alexis St. Martin's permanent gastric fistula· Food-on-thread tests and gastric juice collection· The 1832 "obey, suffer and comply" labor contract· Consent, dependence and St. Martin's repeated departures· The later report of an eight-foot grave and efforts to obtain his stomach after deathBeaumont's work changed medicine. But when a scientific breakthrough depends on another person's body, labor and pain, who owns the discovery - and who gets remembered as fully human?We're telling that story tonight. 

Today I'm joined by Alex Field, a clinical psychotherapist and naturopath with over 30 years' experience in mental health and wellbeing. Alex's work focuses on chronic nervous system dysregulation, stress and trauma, and she's the founder of the HEAL Method, a program combining psychotherapy with functional body-based medicine. In this episode, Alex unpacks why our capacity as business owners has a strong biological component and that mindset work sometimes just doesn't cut it. Alex takes us through some of the basics of the nervous system and what it means to be ‘regulated' as well as some strategies for spending more time in our window of regulation. Alex and I also dig into what it really means to grow sustainably, without white-knuckling your way to burnout - you'll want to take notes on this one. If you'd like to connect with Alex Field, you can find her on Instagram or learn more about the HEAL Method at healforlifeprograms.com If you want to grow your business with more corporate clients, I have a live event this week where I will be sharing all the components of your Executive Coach Pipeline - the foundations you need for your business to thrive. Save your seat over at www.elliescarf.com/pipeline.

In this 340th episode I welcome Dr. Tym Kajstura back to the show for another ABA keyword episode. We discuss the high yield, much tested topic of Respiratory Physiology.Our Sponsors:* Check out BetterHelp: https://www.betterhelp.com* Check out FIGS: https://wearfigs.com* Check out Factor and use my code factormeals.com/accrac50off for a great deal: https://www.factor75.com* Check out Quince and use my code quince.com/ACCRAC for a great deal: https://www.quince.comAdvertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

In this episode of The Skin Real, Dr. Mary Alice Mina sits down with dermatologist and Skinfluence Podcast host Dr. Dustin Portela to break down the skincare trends flooding social media right now. From DIY sunscreen and beef tallow moisturizer to at-home chemical peels and tanmaxxing, they separate real dermatology from viral misinformation. The conversation covers red flags to watch for in skincare influencers, the science behind sunscreen safety, why skin cycling can work when done right, age-appropriate routines for kids and teens, and what medical grade skincare actually means. It is a practical, no-nonsense guide to protecting your skin from bad advice. In this episode:  0:00 Intro 1:15 Meet Dr. Dustin Portela 3:00 How to spot fake skincare advice online 6:15 The truth about DIY sunscreen 9:30 Beef tallow moisturizer breakdown 13:00 At-home chemical peels and TCA risks 16:45 Tan maxing and the return of tanning culture 21:00 Melanotan and the anti-sunscreen movement 25:30 Sunscreen myths and the seatbelt analogy 28:45 Skin cycling explained 31:15 Skincare for kids and teens 34:00 Real skin vs filtered skin 35:15 What medical grade skincare actually means 36:45 Top three tips for cutting through the noise 37:45 Where to find Dr. Portela Want a deeper look? Watch the full episode on YouTube for a more visual experience of today's discussion. This episode is best enjoyed on video—don't miss out!

The noise in women's fitness has never been louder—and if you're wondering who to trust, you're not alone.  Every scroll seems to deliver a new expert, a new rule, or a new warning that contradicts the last one, leaving many women feeling more confused than confident.  Let's cut through the hype to help you understand why these conflicting messages exist and how to evaluate them without getting pulled into the latest trend. You'll learn a practical way to separate evidence from opinion so you can make informed decisions that actually support your health, strength, and longevity.  Instead of adding to the noise in women's fitness, this conversation gives you the clarity and confidence to focus on what truly matters If this episode made you flip your workout routine — share it!

Can a psychedelic experience leave measurable traces in the body long after the trip is over?In this episode, we explore emerging research on how psychedelics may influence:• DNA methylation and epigenetic signaling• The immune system, inflammation, and cytokines• The HPA axis, cortisol, and stress physiology• Neuroplasticity and lasting changes in brain connectivity• Cellular senescence, telomeres, oxidative stress, and longevity pathways• The bigger case for rethinking the mind-body dividePsychedelic science may be revealing something much larger than a drug effect: how experience itself becomes biology.The companion guide, full episode transcript and all studies and sources cited, is available on Substack.

Dr. Nick Gilpin, PhD, Professor of Physiology and Director of the Alcohol and Drug Abuse Center of Excellence at LSU Health New Orleans, joins Scoot to discuss the difference between driving under the influence of alcohol versus driving under the influence of THC products.

This hour, Scoot speaks with Dr. Nick Gilpin, PhD, Professor of Physiology and Director of Alcohol and Drug Abuse Center of Excellence at LSU Health New Orleans, about the difference between driving under the influence of alcohol versus driving under the influence of THC products.

On today's show, Brad Hiatt, an entomologist at Audubon Insectarium, joins Scoot to explain what role mosquitos play in local ecosystems. Slidell is considering ending its ban on drive-thru alcohol sales. In a state where drive-thru daiquiri shops are part of the culture, is this just Louisiana being Louisiana? Robert Hogan, Professor and Department Chair of Political Science at LSU, joins Scoot to discuss what we can infer about results from last night's primaries in Michigan, Kansas, Missouri and elsewhere. And Dr. Nick Gilpin, PhD, Professor of Physiology and Director of Alcohol and Drug Abuse Center of Excellence at LSU Health New Orleans, to talk about the difference between driving under the influence of alcohol versus driving under the influence of THC products.

Dr. Balcavage's new book, Is This The Hill?, is now available. Go to drericbalcavage.com/hill for the information or to order. ---------- Is your thyroid medication helping your lab numbers... but you're still exhausted, cold, struggling with brain fog, or unable to lose weight? In this episode, Dr. Eric Balcavage challenges one of the biggest misconceptions in thyroid care: that replacing thyroid hormone is the same as restoring healthy thyroid function. While thyroid medication and supplements can absolutely play an important role, they don't always address why your thyroid physiology changed in the first place. Instead of viewing the thyroid as an isolated gland that simply "stopped working," Dr. Eric explains why altered thyroid function is often an adaptive response to the signals your body receives every day. One of the most powerful—and often overlooked—factors influencing thyroid physiology is your daily rhythm. Your sleep, meal timing, stress levels, movement, recovery, light exposure, and even your work habits all send signals to your nervous system, immune system, and metabolism. Those repeated signals help determine whether your body feels safe enough to support healthy thyroid function or whether it remains in a protective, energy-conserving state. In this episode, you'll learn: Why thyroid hormone replacement isn't the same as thyroid recovery The limitations of relying solely on thyroid support supplements Why low thyroid physiology is often an adaptive response rather than a "broken" thyroid How your body's daily rhythms influence thyroid physiology Common routines that may unintentionally keep your body in a state of stress Why recovery often requires changing the signals your body receives—not just changing medications or supplements A practical "Thyroid Recovery Rhythm Audit" to help identify patterns that may be affecting your thyroid health If you've been chasing better labs but still don't feel like yourself, this episode offers a different way to think about thyroid recovery... one that looks beyond numbers and focuses on creating the internal environment your body needs to heal. Resources Mentioned: ➡️ Download the Thyroid Recovery Blueprint to begin identifying the stressors, signals, and patterns that may be influencing your thyroid physiology. If this episode was helpful, be sure to subscribe, leave a review, and share it with someone who's been told "everything looks normal" but still doesn't feel well. Need help understanding your symptoms? If you've been struggling with fatigue, thyroid symptoms, or chronic health issues despite trying multiple treatment approaches, schedule a complimentary Discovery Call to learn whether Dr. Eric's State-Based Medicine™ approach may be right for you.

We are the first generation living with this level of constant connectivity, food abundance, chronic stimulation, and convenience. And our hormones, which were designed for a very different environment, are doing their best to adapt. In this episode we explore how modern life creates an enormous physiological load on the female body and why understanding that context changes everything about how women with PCOS approach their healing.Stress Physiology and the Modern Female Nervous SystemThe female nervous system was designed for a rhythm of activation and recovery. Modern life has largely eliminated the recovery end of that rhythm. In this episode we explore how chronic low-grade stimulation keeps cortisol elevated, what that means for PCOS hormone health, and why so many capable, motivated women still feel like they are struggling despite doing everything right.Overstimulation and Hormones: What Constant Connectivity Is Doing to PCOSFrom social media to news cycles to work communication that extends into evenings and weekends, modern women are navigating an environment of near-continuous stimulation. In this episode we explain the direct connection between overstimulation, cortisol elevation, and PCOS symptoms including cycle disruption, cravings, exhaustion, and mood changes.Food Environment and Metabolism: Why Blood Sugar Was Not Designed for 2026The food environment of 2026, with its hyper-palatable, calorie-dense, constantly available options, creates a metabolic context that the human insulin response was never designed for. In this episode we explore how food abundance affects insulin signaling and PCOS hormone health and why cravings are a physiology problem rather than a willpower problem.Nervous System Load and PCOS: The Missing ConversationWomen are carrying an enormous mental, emotional, and physiological load in modern life. And that load has direct consequences for PCOS hormones through the nervous system and stress physiology connection. In this episode we name what women are actually navigating and offer a compassionate, empowering reframe that removes blame and creates clarity.Movement and Modern Routines: What Has Quietly DisappearedModern convenience has largely eliminated the incidental movement that used to be built into daily human life. And that reduction in consistent, low-level movement has real consequences for metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and cortisol regulation. In this episode we explore what has changed and what genuinely sustainable movement support actually looks like inside a modern lifestyle.Hormone Support in Real Life: Creating a More Supportive Environment Without FearThe goal of this episode is not to create fear about modern life but to create awareness and opportunity for intentional, supportive adaptation. In this episode we discuss what creating a more hormone-supportive environment actually looks like inside real modern life, without perfection, without rigidity, and without adding more pressure to an already full plate.You can take the quiz to discover your root cause hereLearn more about the PCOS Root Cause BootcampLet's continue the conversation on Instagram! What did you find helpful in this episode and what follow-up questions do you have?The full list of Resources & References Mentioned can be found on the Episode webpage at: https://nourishedtohealthy.com/ep-192

Andrew McGonigle, author of The Physiology of Yoga, talks with J about the confluence of studying medicine, teaching anatomy, and finding identity. They discuss going to medical school at a young age, transcendental meditation, getting a job at TriYoga, moving to California, debunking misleading claims, addressing pain, shoulder surgeries and knee replacements, professional landscapes, being a teacher, down-regulation, reasons for asana, relationship to aging, engaging spiritual aspects, and developing a sense of inquiry and awe.   To subscribe and support the show… GET PREMIUM. Say thank you - buy J a coffee. Check out J's other podcast… J. BROWN YOGA THOUGHTS.    

If you enjoy this episode, we're sure you will enjoy more content like this on The Occult Rejects.  In fact, we have curated playlists on occult topics like grimoires, esoteric concepts and phenomena, occult history, analyzing true crime and cults with an occult lens, Para politics, and occultism in music. Whether you enjoy consuming your content visually or via audio, we've got you covered - and it will always be provided free of charge.  So, if you enjoy what we do and want to support our work of providing accessible, free content on various platforms, please consider making a donation to the links provided below.  Thank you and enjoy the episode!Links For The Occult Rejectshttps://linktr.ee/theoccultrejectsOccult Research Institutehttps://www.occultresearchinstitute.org/Substackhttps://substack.com/@theoccultrejects?r=7auau0&utm_campaign=profile&utm_medium=profile-pageCash Apphttps://cash.app/$theoccultrejectsVenmo@TheOccultRejectsBuy Me A Coffeebuymeacoffee.com/TheOccultRejectsPatreonhttps://www.patreon.com/TheOccultRejectsBibliographyCore Eye Anatomy, Retina, Optic Nerve, and Visual PathwaysBelliveau, A. P., & Somani, A. N. “Pupillary Light Reflex.” StatPearls. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing, updated 2023.Cleveland Clinic. “Optic Nerve: What It Is, Function, Anatomy & Conditions.” Cleveland Clinic, updated 2024.Gupta, M., & Ireland, A. C. “Neuroanatomy, Visual Pathway.” StatPearls. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing, updated 2022.Kolb, H. “Simple Anatomy of the Retina.” Webvision: The Organization of the Retina and Visual System. University of Utah / NCBI Bookshelf.Purves, D., Augustine, G. J., Fitzpatrick, D., et al., eds. Neuroscience. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates.Szabadi, E. “Functional Organization of the Sympathetic Pathways Controlling the Pupil: Light-Inhibited and Light-Stimulated Pathways.” Frontiers in Neurology 9, 2018.University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. “Ocular Motor System.” Neuroscience Online.Pupillometry, Cognitive Load, Attention, and Mental EffortBeatty, Jackson. “Task-Evoked Pupillary Responses, Processing Load, and the Structure of Processing Resources.” Psychological Bulletin 91, no. 2, 1982: 276–292.Beatty, Jackson, and Brennis Lucero-Wagoner. “The Pupillary System.” In Handbook of Psychophysiology, edited by John T. Cacioppo, Louis G. Tassinary, and Gary G. Berntson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.Kahneman, Daniel, and Jackson Beatty. “Pupil Diameter and Load on Memory.” Science 154, no. 3756, 1966: 1583–1585.Kahneman, Daniel. Attention and Effort. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1973.Laeng, Bruno, Sylvain Sirois, and Gustaf Gredebäck. “Pupillometry: A Window to the Preconscious?” Perspectives on Psychological Science 7, no. 1, 2012: 18–27.Mathôt, Sebastiaan. “Pupillometry: Psychology, Physiology, and Function.” Journal of Cognition 1, no. 1, 2018.Piquado, Tepring, David Isaacowitz, and Arthur Wingfield. “Pupillometry as a Measure of Cognitive Effort in Younger and Older Adults.” Psychophysiology 47, no. 3, 2010: 560–569.Zekveld, Adriana A., Sophia E. Kramer, and Tammo Houtgast. “The Pupil Dilation Response to Auditory Stimuli: Current State of Knowledge.” Trends in Hearing 22, 2018.Emotion, Attraction, Arousal, and the PupilBradley, Margaret M., Laura Miccoli, Miguel A. Escrig, and Peter J. Lang. “The Pupil as a Measure of Emotional Arousal and Autonomic Activation.” Psychophysiology 45, no. 4, 2008: 602–607.de Winter, Joost C. F., et al. “Replicating Five Pupillometry Studies of Eckhard Hess.” International Journal of Psychophysiology 165, 2021: 145–161.Hess, Eckhard H. “Attitude and Pupil Size.” Scientific American 212, no. 4, 1965: 46–54.Hess, Eckhard H., and James M. Polt. “Pupil Size as Related to Interest Value of Visual Stimuli.” Science 132, no. 3423, 1960: 349–350.Lang, Peter J., Margaret M. Bradley, and Bruce N. Cuthbert. International Affective Picture System (IAPS): Affective Ratings of Pictures and Instruction Manual. Gainesville: University of Florida, 2008.Pan, J., et al. “The Effects of Emotional Arousal on Pupil Size Depend on Background Luminance and Stimulus Type.” Scientific Reports 14, 2024.Locus Coeruleus, Norepinephrine, Salience, and AttentionAston-Jones, Gary, and Jonathan D. Cohen. “An Integrative Theory of Locus Coeruleus–Norepinephrine Function: Adaptive Gain and Optimal Performance.” Annual Review of Neuroscience 28, 2005: 403–450.Joshi, Siddhartha, Yin Li, Ram M. Kalwani, and Joshua I. Gold. “Relationships Between Pupil Diameter and Neuronal Activity in the Locus Coeruleus, Colliculi, and Cingulate Cortex.” Neuron 89, no. 1, 2016: 221–234.Murphy, Peter R., Ian H. Robertson, James H. Balsters, and Redmond G. O'Connell. “Pupillometry and P3 Index the Locus Coeruleus–Noradrenergic Arousal Function in Humans.” Psychophysiology 48, no. 11, 2011: 1532–1543.Sara, Susan J. “The Locus Coeruleus and Noradrenergic Modulation of Cognition.” Nature Reviews Neuroscience 10, 2009: 211–223.Uddin, Lucina Q. “Salience Processing and Insular Cortical Function and Dysfunction.” Nature Reviews Neuroscience 16, 2015: 55–61.Memory, Emotion, Initiation, and Ritual EncodingCahill, Larry, and James L. McGaugh. “Mechanisms of Emotional Arousal and Lasting Declarative Memory.” Trends in Neurosciences 21, no. 7, 1998: 294–299.McGaugh, James L. “Memory—A Century of Consolidation.” Science 287, no. 5451, 2000: 248–251.McGaugh, James L. “The Amygdala Modulates the Consolidation of Memories of Emotionally Arousing Experiences.” Annual Review of Neuroscience 27, 2004: 1–28.Seligman, Rebecca, and Laurence J. Kirmayer. “Dissociative Experience and Cultural Neuroscience: Narrative, Metaphor and Mechanism.” Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry 32, 2008: 31–64.Seligman, Rebecca, Ryan A. Brown, and Laurence J. Kirmayer. “Theory and Method at the Intersection of Anthropology and Cultural Neuroscience.” Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 5, no. 2–3, 2010: 130–139.Whitehouse, Harvey. Arguments and Icons: Divergent Modes of Religiosity. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.Whitehouse, Harvey. Modes of Religiosity: A Cognitive Theory of Religious Transmission. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press, 2004.Ritual, Synchrony, Social Bonding, and Embodied MeaningHobson, Nicholas M., Juliana Schroeder, Jane L. Risen, Dimitris Xygalatas, and Michael I. Norton. “The Psychology of Rituals: An Integrative Review and Process-Based Framework.” Personality and Social Psychology Review 22, no. 3, 2018: 260–284.Jackson, Joshua Conrad, Brock Bastian, and others. “Synchrony and Physiological Arousal Increase Cohesion and Cooperation in Large Naturalistic Groups.” Scientific Reports 8, 2018.McCauley, Robert N., and E. Thomas Lawson. Bringing Ritual to Mind: Psychological Foundations of Cultural Forms. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.Rappaport, Roy A. Ritual and Religion in the Making of Humanity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Turner, Victor. The Ritual Process: Structure and Anti-Structure. Chicago: Aldine, 1969.Xygalatas, Dimitris. Ritual: How Seemingly Senseless Acts Make Life Worth Living. New York: Little, Brown Spark, 2022.Xygalatas, Dimitris, et al. “Extreme Rituals Promote Prosociality.” Psychological Science 24, no. 8, 2013: 1602–1605.Meditation, Prayer, Trance, and AbsorptionFox, Kieran C. R., Matthew L. Dixon, Savannah Nijeboer, et al. “Functional Neuroanatomy of Meditation: A Review and Meta-Analysis of 78 Functional Neuroimaging Investigations.” Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 65, 2016: 208–228.Jerath, Ravinder, John W. Crawford, Vernon A. Barnes, and Kyler Harden. “Self-Regulation of Breathing as a Primary Treatment for Anxiety.” Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback 40, 2015: 107–115.Lutz, Antoine, John D. Dunne, and Richard J. Davidson. “Meditation and the Neuroscience of Consciousness.” In The Cambridge Handbook of Consciousness, edited by Philip David Zelazo, Morris Moscovitch, and Evan Thompson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.Tellegen, Auke, and Gilbert Atkinson. “Openness to Absorbing and Self-Altering Experiences (‘Absorption'), a Trait Related to Hypnotic Susceptibility.” Journal of Abnormal Psychology 83, no. 3, 1974: 268–277.Vago, David R., and David A. Silbersweig. “Self-Awareness, Self-Regulation, and Self-Transcendence: A Framework for Understanding the Neurobiological Mechanisms of Mindfulness.” Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 6, 2012.Darkness, Sensory Deprivation, Ganzfeld, and Visual InstabilityCaputo, Giovanni B. “Strange-Face-in-the-Mirror Illusion.” Perception 39, no. 7, 2010: 1007–1008.Caputo, Giovanni B. “Visual Perception During Mirror-Gazing at One's Own Face in Patients with Depression.” The Scientific World Journal, 2014.Caputo, Giovanni B. “Strange-Face Illusions During Eye-to-Eye Gazing in Dyads.” Imagination, Cognition and Personality 38, no. 1, 2018: 51–77.Metzger, Wolfgang. “Optische Untersuchungen am Ganzfeld.” Psychologische Forschung 13, 1930: 6–29.Shenyan, O., et al. “Visual Hallucinations Induced by Ganzflicker and Ganzfeld Differ in Frequency, Complexity, and Content.” Scientific Reports 14, 2024.Wackermann, Jiří, Peter Pütz, and Carsten Allefeld. “Ganzfeld-Induced Hallucinatory Experience, Its Phenomenology and Cerebral Electrophysiology.” Cortex 44, no. 10, 2008: 1364–1378.Zuckerman, Marvin, and Nathan Cohen. “Sources of Reports of Visual and Auditory Sensations in Perceptual-Isolation Experiments.” Psychological Bulletin 61, no. 1, 19Also want to remind people about the website, if you're into reading we have tons of information by multiple contributors, and we got t-shirts up on the site if you're interested. Fun fact, the art is all based on the eyeball. 

Your liver and blood sugar are far more connected than most people realize. In this episode, Nurse Doza walks through five links between the two: how the liver stores and releases glucose, where insulin resistance actually begins, how stress and cortisol raise blood sugar without food, how all of it lands on your mitochondria, and what obesity has to do with the whole picture. Featured Product  The Metabolic Pack bundles the three formulas this episode keeps circling back to: Liver Boost to support phase I and phase II liver detoxification pathways, Mitochondriac for resveratrol, quercetin and pterostilbene to support cellular energy production, and Zen to support a healthy stress and cortisol response. Liver, cellular energy, and stress — supported together in one simple daily protocol. Suggested use: 2 Liver Boost, 1 Mitochondriac, and 1 Zen daily with food.

Send us Fan MailIn this prospective study, Adrianne and Nim dig into an area with almost no normative pediatric data: right ventricular diastolic function. Comparing 57 infants with RV pressure overload after intervention for pulmonic stenosis or tetralogy of Fallot to 134 healthy controls, the authors found a consistent pattern, reduced beat-to-beat variability, a higher atrial contribution to filling, and an E/A ratio inversion that was nearly universal in the CHD group versus about half of controls. It's one of the first real attempts to define what a right-sided diastolic pattern actually looks like in this population. But without a comparison against cardiac catheterization, the hosts agree the findings are hypothesis-generating at best, a starting point for a multi-parametric approach, not a reason to skip an invasive workup.----Echocardiographic Markers of Right Ventricle Diastolic Dysfunction in Neonates and Infants with Congenital Heart Disease. Cantinotti M, Capponi G, Scalese M, Palladino E, Giordano R, Franchi E, Viacava C, Corana G, Marchese P, Pizzuto A, Assanta N, Santoro G. J Clin Med. 2025 Dec 23;15(1):98. doi: 10.3390/jcm15010098. PMID: 41517351 Free PMC article.Support the showAs always, feel free to send us questions, comments, or suggestions to our email: nicupodcast@gmail.com. You can also contact the show through Instagram or Twitter, @nicupodcast. Or contact Ben and Daphna directly via their Twitter profiles: @drnicu and @doctordaphnamd. The papers discussed in today's episode are listed and timestamped on the webpage linked below.Enjoy!

Huxley is an example of having a good attitude about publicly acknowledging errors and learning from them. He earned the nickname “Darwin’s bulldog” for his very vocal support of Darwin’s work, and he wanted to promote science and education, particularly to people that didn’t normally have access to those things. Research: Bernoulli, D., Jenkyns, H.C. “Thomas Henry Huxley, a stone tablet, coccoliths, and deep-sea sediments in the high Alps.” Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 112, 1661–1669 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-023-02330-5 Bowen, Keith. “Thomas Henry Huxley.” Ebsco. 2024. https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/history/thomas-henry-huxley Burkhardt, Richard W.. "Jean-Baptiste Lamarck". Encyclopedia Britannica, 14 Dec. 2025, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jean-Baptiste-Lamarck Darwin, Charles. “On the Origin of Species.” JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET. London. 1859. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/1228/1228-h/1228-h.htm Desmond, Adrian J. "Thomas Henry Huxley". Encyclopedia Britannica, 25 Jun. 2026, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Thomas-Henry-Huxley Dolan, John R. “The famous and lesser-known illustrations of Thomas Huxley’s Bathybius.” History of Oceanography. International Commission of the History of Oceanography. https://oceansciencehistory.com/2020/07/13/the-famous-and-lesser-known-illustrations-of-thomas-huxleys-bathybius/ “Freshwater Bathybius.” Nature 4, 49–50 (1871). https://doi.org/10.1038/004049b0 “The Great Debate.” University of Oxford Museum of Natural History. https://oumnh.ox.ac.uk/great-debate “The History of Evolutionary Thought.” Understanding Evolution. Berkeley University. https://evolution.berkeley.edu/the-history-of-evolutionary-thought/1800s/early-concepts-of-evolution-jean-baptiste-lamarck/ Huxley, T.H. “Agnosticism.” K. Paul, Trench. London. 1889. https://archive.org/details/a622650700huxluoft/page/169/mode/1up Huxley, T.H. “Aphorisms and Reflections. From the Works of T. H. HUXLEY, Selected byHenrietta A. Huxley. Macmillan and Co. London. 1907. Accessed online: http://aleph0.clarku.edu/huxley/Book/Aphor.html Huxley, T.H. “Autobiography and Selected Essays.” Riverside College Classics. 1909. Accessed online: https://www.gutenberg.org/files/1315/1315-h/1315-h.htm#link2H_4_0007 Huxley, T.H. “Collected Essays, Volume V: Science and Christian Tradition.” https://www.gutenberg.org/files/15905/15905-h/15905-h.htm Huxley, T.H. “Evidence as to man's place in nature.” D. Appelton and Co. New York. 1863. https://archive.org/details/evidenceastomans00huxl/page/n1/mode/2up Huxley, T.H. “On Some Organisms Living at Great Depths in the North Atlantic Ocean.” Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science. viii., new Series, 1868, pp. 203-212. http://aleph0.clarku.edu/huxley/SM3/bathy.html Huxley, T.H. “On the Relations of Man to the Lower Animals.” Project Gutenberg eBook. 2001. https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/2932/pg2932-images.html Joshi RS. “The Inner Root Sheath and the Men Associated with it Eponymically.” Int J Trichology. 2011 Jan;3(1):57-62. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3129131/ Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste. “Zoological Philosophy.” Macmillan. London. 1914. https://archive.org/details/ZoologicalPhilosophy Lyons, Sherrie L. “Thomas Henry Huxley : the evolution of a scientist.” Prometheus Books. New York. 1999. McGraw, Donald J. “Bye-Bye Bathybius: The Rise and Fall of a Marine Myth.” Bios, vol. 45, no. 4, 1974, pp. 164–71. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4607257 “Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1963.” The Nobel Prize. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1963/summary/ Pearce, JMS. “Thomas Henry Huxley.” Hektoen International. Sept. 18, 2020. https://hekint.org/2020/09/18/thomas-henry-huxley/ Schwartz, Joel S. “Darwin, Wallace, and Huxley, and ‘Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation.’” Journal of the History of Biology, vol. 23, no. 1, 1990, pp. 127–53. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4331120 “Thomas Henry Huxley.” Darwin Correspondence Project. University of Cambridge. https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/thomas-henry-huxley “Thomas Henry Huxley (1825-1895).” Humanist Heritage. https://heritage.humanists.uk/thomas-henry-huxley/ Tunstad, Erik. “Darwin's Bulldog: Thomas Huxley 200 Years.” Prosa. July 10, 2025. https://prosa.no/artikler/aktuelt/darwins-bulldog-thomas-huxley-200-ar Wyhe, John van. “It ain't necessarily so ...” The Guardian. Feb 9, 2008. https://www.theguardian.com/science/2008/feb/09/darwin.myths See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

A tiny molecule produced inside your body may play a major role in how well you circulate blood, manage inflammation, exercise, and age. In this episode of Sharkpreneur, Seth Greene interviews Nathan S. Bryan, Ph.D., Founder, Chairman, and CEO of Bryan Therapeutics, Inc., who explains nitric oxide's role in blood-vessel function, tissue oxygenation, inflammation, metabolism, and cellular energy, and shares his view on everyday habits that can affect the body's natural production. He also discusses the oral microbiome, dietary considerations, lifestyle practices, consumer education, and the research-based standards he believes people should use when evaluating nitric oxide-related products. Key Takeaways:→ Nitric oxide helps regulate blood flow, oxygen delivery, inflammation, metabolism, and cellular signaling. → Oral-care habits may affect the oral microbiome, which helps metabolize dietary nitrate.→ Green vegetables and beets may contain dietary nitrate.→ Product claims should be supported by scientific and clinical data. → Lifestyle habits influence nitric oxide production. Dr. Nathan S. Bryan earned his undergraduate Bachelor of Science degree in Biochemistry from the University of Texas at Austin and his doctoral degree from Louisiana State University School of Medicine in Shreveport, where he was the recipient of the Dean's Award for Excellence in Research. He pursued his postdoctoral training as a Kirschstein Fellow at Boston University School of Medicine's Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute. After a two-year post-doctoral fellowship, in 2006, Dr. Bryan was recruited to join the faculty at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston by Ferid Murad, M.D., Ph.D., 1998 Nobel Laureate in Medicine or Physiology. Dr. Bryan has been involved in nitric oxide research for the past 25 years and has made many seminal discoveries in the field, has dozens of issued patents, and has published more than 100 peer-reviewed scientific articles in some of the top science and medical journals. Dr. Bryan is a best-selling author and successful entrepreneur who has built a billion-dollar enterprise value portfolio of companies. Dr. Bryan is one of the most successful inventors and top revenue producers in the history of the University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston. He is currently the Founder, Chairman, and CEO of Bryan Therapeutics, Inc., a privately held, clinical-stage biotechnology company actively engaged in the discovery and development of nitric oxide-based therapies. BTI has active drug development programs in heart disease, Alzheimers' Disease, and topical drugs for diabetic ulcers and non-healing wounds. Dr. Bryan's consumer line of nitric oxide products is among the most innovative and successful on the market. Dr. Bryan is an international leader in molecular medicine and nitric oxide biochemistry. Connect With Nathan:Website: https://n1o1.com/https://bryantherapeutics.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/drnathansbryan X: https://x.com/drnitric LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/drnathansbryan/ YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@drnathansbryannitricoxide

Send us Fan MailPut the Phone Away: Walk With IntentionWe all know walking is good for our health—but how you walk matters, too.In this Lifestyle MD Soundbite, Dr. Angela explores why walking is most beneficial when you're fully present rather than distracted by your phone. Looking down at a screen changes your posture, slows your pace, and disconnects you from the environment around you. Research suggests that walking while focused on a smartphone may reduce some of the mental and emotional benefits of walking, including improvements in mood and connectedness with nature, while also altering normal walking mechanics. (mdpi.com)Dr. Angela challenges listeners to try their next walk with their phone tucked away, notifications silenced, and their attention focused on the sights, sounds, and sensations around them. (Yes—even if you're listening to this podcast!)Timestamps00:00 Why Walking Matters00:31 How Your Phone Changes Your Walk01:07 What the Research Shows01:34 Dr. Angela's Walking Challenge01:58 Embracing a Tech-Free Walk02:06 The Ironic Podcast Reminder02:19 Closing ThoughtsKey TakeawaysWalking is one of the simplest, most effective ways to improve physical and mental health.Using a smartphone while walking encourages a slower pace, poorer posture, and changes in normal gait mechanics. (frontiersin.org)Being fully present during a walk—especially outdoors—can enhance mood, reduce negative emotions, and increase feelings of connection with nature. (mdpi.com)Putting your phone away for even one walk each day is a simple habit that can help you get more from your movement.Stay Connected

Dr. Caroline Rickards is a Professor in the Department of Physiology and Anatomy at the University of North Texas Health Science Center in Fort Worth. In this episode, she discusses how anti-doping researchers can better communicate the work to various audiences. We cover common science communication challenges, strategies for improving science communication skills, how scientists can prepare themselves to take advantage of research dissemination opportunities, and the changing landscape of science communication.

What if the greatest shift you could make in your practice wasn't learning a new technique... but changing the way you think about health itself? In this episode, Dr. Fred explores the foundational philosophy that has guided his decades in chiropractic: health isn't something that's given to us, it's something the body is designed to express when interference is removed. From innate intelligence and nervous system function to the importance of vision, mission, and purpose, he challenges chiropractors to move beyond symptom-focused care and return to the true principles of the profession. Throughout the conversation, he emphasizes that chiropractic isn't about treating disease, it's about restoring the body's internal resistance and optimizing function. You'll also hear practical insights on communicating chiropractic more effectively, creating better patient experiences, building a philosophy-driven practice, and why today's world needs chiropractors more than ever. In this episode you'll hear about: Why every chiropractor needs a clear vision, mission, and purpose The difference between restoring function and treating disease How the nervous system influences every aspect of health Why optimizing function leads to better patient outcomes The concept of allostasis and adapting to today's constant stressors Why health is multidimensional and requires more than one solution Practical ways to communicate chiropractic philosophy to patients Why serving patients, not chasing numbers, is what builds a thriving practice The importance of creating habits that support long-term health and success Because when you stop chasing symptoms and start maximizing function, you help people unlock the health they were designed to have. "Health is a natural condition of the body. Our job is to locate the interference and restore function." – Dr. Fred Weekly Action Challenge This week, take a closer look at how you're communicating the value of chiropractic. Are you talking primarily about pain... or about function? Are your patients leaving with a deeper understanding of why they're under care? Choose one opportunity this week to shift the conversation beyond symptoms and toward helping someone understand the incredible potential of the human body. Some ideas: Explain how chiropractic supports function, not just pain relief. Review your office's vision, mission, and purpose with your team. Evaluate one patient interaction and ask, "Did I educate or simply adjust?" Identify one daily habit that improves your own physiology—whether it's movement, nutrition, rest, or stress management. Ask yourself each morning: "Am I helping people express better health, or simply chasing symptoms?" The strongest practices are built on strong philosophy. Keep Charging! MoChihChu!   Ask a Question for a Future Episode! Apply to work with our coaches! Join Susan's monthly CA webinars Join us at our next seminars! Join the Rhino Digital Training!

Mehlman Qbanks: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://qbanks.mehlmanmedical.com/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠IG: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.instagram.com/mehlman_medical/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Main Website: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://mehlmanmedical.com/⁠

80% of Americans are metabolically unhealthy, which means the obesity conversation isn't about weight for a lot of people... It's about internal health markers that indicate a declining state of metabolic function regardless of what someone weighs. Inside today's episode, I get into the harder version of the obesity conversation including whether it should be classified as a chronic medical condition, what happens when we label people as broken and then sell them the solution to their "brokenness", and where the personal responsibility conversation sits in a landscape flooded with GLP-1 medications and food environments engineered to defeat every mechanism the body has for satiety.Topics discussed: - The 80% Metabolically Unhealthy Statistic- Obesity as a Chronic Medical Condition- The Broken Mindset Trap- Personal Responsibility and Empowerment- Cardiovascular Risk, Longevity, and Children- Practices, Perceptions, and Physiology- Generational Parenting and Food Culture- The Chronic Dieting Flip Side---------- ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠My Live Program for Coaches: The Functional Nutrition and Metabolism Specialization ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠www.metabolismschool.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠---------- [Free] Metabolism School 101: The Video Series⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠http://www.metabolismschool.com/metabolism-101⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠----------Subscribe to My Youtube Channel: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://youtube.com/@sammillerscience?si=s1jcR6Im4GDHbw_1⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠----------⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Grab a Copy of My New Book - Metabolism Made Simple⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠---------- Stay Connected: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Instagram: @sammillerscience⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Youtube: SamMillerScience⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Facebook: The Nutrition Coaching Collaborative Community⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠TikTok: @sammillerscience⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠----------“This Podcast is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of medicine, nursing or other professional health care services, including the giving of medical advice, and no doctor/patient relationship is formed. The use of information on this podcast and the show notes or the reliance on the information provided is to be done at the user's own risk. The content of this podcast is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment and is for educational purposes only. Always consult your physician before beginning any exercise program and users should not disregard, or delay in obtaining, medical advice for any medical condition they may have and should seek the assistance of their health care professionals for any such conditions. By accessing this Podcast, the listener acknowledges that the entire contents and design of this Podcast, are the property of Oracle Athletic Science LLC, or used by Oracle Athletic Science LLC with permission, and are protected under U.S. and international copyright and trademark laws. Except as otherwise provided herein, users of this Podcast may save and use information contained in the Podcast only for personal or other non-commercial, educational purposes. No other use, including, without limitation, reproduction, retransmission or editing, of this Podcast may be made without the prior written permission of Oracle Athletic Science LLC, which may be requested by contacting the Oracle Athletic Science LLC by email at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠operations⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@sammillerscience.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠. By accessing this Podcast, the listener acknowledges that Oracle Athletic Science LLC makes no warranty, guarantee, or representation as to the accuracy or sufficiency of the information featured in this Podcast."

In this episode, we review the high-yield topic of ⁠ ⁠Parathyroid physiology⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ from the Endocrine section at ⁠⁠⁠⁠Medbullets.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Follow⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Medbullets⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ on social media:Facebook: www.facebook.com/medbulletsInstagram: www.instagram.com/medbulletsofficialTwitter: www.twitter.com/medbulletsLinkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/company/medbullets

Robbie Deckard is a professional middle-distance triathlete and triathlon coach, and the founder of Freaky Fast Aero Accessories. In this episode, Robbie and Mikael dig into the real differences between American and European training methods, using lactate and VLaMax to optimise training and performance, and how age-group triathletes can apply lab-grade thinking to swim, bike and run training without actually going into a lab. HIGHLIGHTS AND KEY TOPICS: The real difference between FTP-centric American coaching and the German/Benelux style built around VLaMax, VO2max and physiological profiling. The evolution of VLaMax based training: from Alois Mader's 1970s model through Jan Olbrecht to current day coaches like Dan Lorang. Robbie's case for still doing dedicated VO2max work, including a case study that took an amateur cyclist's VO2max from 74 to 87 mL/kg/min over 58 weeks of block periodisation. Why building maximal aerobic power early is more valuable long-term than chasing threshold gains, and how that shapes the "durability" that separates junior and U23 cyclists from senior professional cyclists. How Robbie profiles athletes using LT1, LT2 and 5-minute power (or 500 yd swim time, or mile run time), and what typical percentage utilisation looks like for age-groupers versus elites. How he prescribes endurance, threshold and VO2max sessions in practice, including cues (power, pace, RPE), lactate targets, and why exact wattage precision on threshold work matters less than people think. Practical advice for age-groupers: open-water swim skills and ankle-band drills, running road races for pacing and durability, and hill running for strength and economy. Improving aerodynamics on a budget: reduce frontal area first, then refine airflow, and how to measure progress without a wind tunnel using Golden Cheetah or a simple speed sensor. SHOWNOTES, LINKS, RESOURCES AND RELATED EPISODES: Follow Robbie Deckard and Freaky Fast Aero Accessories on his website, blog, Instagram, and Freaky Fast Aero Accessories' Instagram. The shownotes for today's episode can be found here. The full podcast episode archives (including category filters) can be found here. A Scientific Approach to Improve Physiological Capacity of an Elite Cyclist - Rønnestad & Hansen 2018 FTP, VO2max and VLaMax with Sebastian Weber | EP#169 VLaMax, Polarised training, Fatigue and Complexity with Mark Burnley, PhD | EP#331 Training talk with Sebastian Zeller | EP#259 Training structure, periodisation and the science of winning with Jan Olbrecht, PhD | EP#198 Training, testing, metabolism and physiology with Björn Kafka | EP#286 Kolie Moore – Overrated and Underrated Factors for Cycling Performance The Science of Winning: Planning, Periodizing and Optimizing Swim Training - book by Jan Olbrecht The Triathlete's Training Bible - book by Joe Friel Software mentioned: Aerotune, Golden Cheetah, INSCYD, Sentiero SPONSORS: Precision Fuel & Hydration produce our favourite gels, sports drinks, and electrolyte and carbohydrate products here at That Triathlon Show and Scientific Triathlon. Use the free Fuel & Hydration Planner to get a personalised plan for your carbohydrate, sodium and fluid intake in your next event, and get 15% off your first 2026 order by using the code TTS2026 at checkout. Rouvy is hands down the most complete indoor cycling platform for triathletes. Among their thousands of beautiful bike courses from all around the world, all filmed in stunning quality, they have over 75 IRONMAN and IRONMAN 70.3 race courses plus 20+ Challenge Family courses, so you can pre-ride your race from home. Real gradients, real visuals, and real feel! Head to rouvy.com and use the code TTS to get your first month free on top of a 7-day free trial. Effortless Swimming produce the best swim goggles for triathletes and open water swimmers. Their NanoClear anti-fog lenses give you clear, fog-free vision that lasts and doesn't wear off. Don't let foggy or leaky goggles ruin another swim. Go to shop.effortlessswimming.com and use the code TTS15 to get 15% off your goggles, and get a free two-month Effortless Swimming course membership. ZenAI is the next frontier of podcasting. It lets you turn your ideas into a podcast without any knowledge of audio editing, video, or production. You do the talking, and the AI handles the production, editing, clipping, and the rest, and you can direct your AI producer in plain English. You can even record from your phone, so no expensive studio gear is needed to sound great. ZenAI is a new product from Zencastr, a platform I've been a paying customer of for over nine years here at That Triathlon Show. ZenAI is currently in invite-only beta. Join the waitlist today here.LEARN MORE ABOUT SCIENTIFIC TRIATHLON: The Scientific Triathlon website is the home of That Triathlon Show and everything else that we doContact us through our contact form or email me directly (note - email/contact form messages get responded to much more quickly than Instagram DMs)Subscribe to our NewsletterFollow us on InstagramLearn more about our coaching, training plans, and training camps. We have something to offer for everybody from beginners to professionals.HOW CAN I SUPPORT THAT TRIATHLON SHOW (FOR FREE)? I really appreciate you reading this and considering helping the show! If you love the show and want to support it to help ensure it sticks around, there are a few very simple things you can do, at no cost other than a minute of your time. Subscribe to the podcast in your podcast app to automatically get all new episodes as they are released.Tell your friends, internet and social media friends, acquaintances and triathlon frenemies about the podcast. Word of mouth is the best way to grow the podcast by far!Rate and review the podcast (ideally five stars of course!) in your podcast app of choice (Spotify and Apple Podcasts are the biggest and most important ones).Share episodes online and on social media. Share your favourite episodes in your Instagram stories, start a discussion about interesting episodes on forums, reference them in your blog or Substack. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Patience, persistence and a strong will for never giving up. Discovering how the immune system is kept in check demanded a lot of our 2025 medicine laureates. Mary Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi spent years finding out how our body's powerful immune system is regulated – leading to the development of medical treatments for cancer and autoimmune diseases. Join us for our conversation where we unravel the achievements behind the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. For a quick introduction to 2025's awarded discovery in physiology or medicine, check out our Crash Course on regulatory T-cells or Olle Kämpe's eloquent speech from the Nobel Prize award ceremony.Read complete profiles of Mary Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi, and explore the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine at our website, nobelprize.org.See the announcement of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2025 and the moment Mary Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi were awarded their medals, all available on YouTube.This podcast was a production of Nobel Prize Outreach and Filt, and created in cooperation with Fundación Ramón Areces. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Send us Fan MailHow far has delivery room ventilation really come? In this special episode, recorded in collaboration with the Neonatal Resuscitation Symposium, Ben sits down with Dr. Charles Roehr, professor of neonatology and perinatal medicine at the University of Bristol, clinical trialist at the University of Oxford, and member of ILCOR. Together they trace the evolution of respiratory support at birth, from the era of fixed inflation breaths to today's focus on physiologic stability and gentle cardiopulmonary transition. Dr. Roehr reflects on a quarter century of resuscitation science, the enduring challenge of human factors in the delivery room, and where the field may be heading, from better intrapartum monitoring to increasingly specialized resuscitation teams.Dr. Roehr will be delivering a keynote, "Optimizing Effective Ventilation Strategies in the Delivery Room," at the Neonatal Resuscitation Symposium, taking place September 10 to 11 at Indiana University in Indianapolis. Learn more and register here: https://medicine.iu.edu/pediatrics/specialties/neonatal-perinatal/education/resuscitation-symposium Support the showAs always, feel free to send us questions, comments, or suggestions to our email: nicupodcast@gmail.com. You can also contact the show through Instagram or Twitter, @nicupodcast. Or contact Ben and Daphna directly via their Twitter profiles: @drnicu and @doctordaphnamd. The papers discussed in today's episode are listed and timestamped on the webpage linked below.Enjoy!

Dr. Diana Walsh Pasulka — professor of religious studies, author of The Others: UFOs, AI, and the Secret Forces Guiding Human Destiny — is here to answer one of the most controversial and fascinating questions of our time: what if many of humanity's oldest spiritual encounters weren't interpreted correctly at all?Dr. Pasulka breaks down:- Shocking similarities between alien abductions & purgatory that first pulled her into UAP research- Whether historical Catholic supernatural experiences would be interpreted today as UFO encounters- Why many researchers believe we need to radically rethink the concept of “aliens”- Physiology of UAP encounters and how experiencers may access altered states or different parts of the brain- Carl Jung's theory that UFOs could emerge from the unconscious mind- Why belief in nonhuman intelligence is rapidly increasing, and why it may function as a modern religion- Reports throughout Catholic history describing encounters with nonhuman entities- Whether aerospace engineers and scientists are receiving “downloads” or ideas from nonhuman intelligence- Recent deaths and disappearances of scientists connected to nuclear and aerospace programs (Are they connected to UAP research?)- Why proof of nonhuman intelligence may NOT destroy religious belief- Why some people believe AI could be the antichrist, while others think resisting AI is the true danger- Whether governments are in a position to confirm historical religious events- Psychedelics, altered states, and historical encounters with nonhuman intelligence- Why certain people appear far more open to supernatural experiences than others- Hidden role sci-fi plays as a framework for understanding modern UFO phenomena- Real function of religion and how humanity uses belief systems to explain what science still can't- Measurable physical & neurological benefits of prayer- Whether humanity is heading toward a religious revival, or if religion has become too politicized to recoverThis episode of Mayim Bialik's Breakdown explores the intersection of UFOs, religion, consciousness, AI, mysticism, Catholicism, neuroscience, psychedelics, government secrecy, and the future of human belief itself.If you're interested in UAP disclosure, nonhuman intelligence, ancient religions, consciousness research, alien encounters, spiritual experiences, or the future of AI, this conversation will challenge everything you think you know!Pre-Order Dr. Diana Walsh Pasulka's new book, THE OTHERS: UFOs, AI, and the Secret Forces Guiding Human Destiny, out July 28th: https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250394866/theothers/Follow us on Substack for Exclusive Bonus Content: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://bialikbreakdown.substack.com/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠BialikBreakdown.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠YouTube.com/mayimbialik⁠⁠⁠See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

On this episode of Vitality Radio, Jared explores an often-overlooked obstacle to better health: becoming so focused on wellness that fear begins to work against healing. Learn how chronic stress, health anxiety, information overload, and perfectionism can affect digestion, inflammation, the nervous system, and your overall sense of well-being. Jared explains why awareness should lead to calm, practical action rather than worry, and how your mindset can influence the way your body responds to everyday challenges. Through personal stories, scientific research, and practical strategies, you'll discover how to pursue better health without becoming consumed by it. If you've ever felt overwhelmed by lab results, toxins, symptoms, or conflicting health advice, this episode offers a healthier perspective on building resilience, confidence, and true vitality. Visit the podcast website here: VitalityRadio.comYou can follow on Instagram https://www.instagram.com/vitalitynutritionbountiful/ and https://www.instagram.com/vitalityradio/, or on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/vitalityradio and https://www.facebook.com/MyVitality. Join us also in our Facebook group https://www.facebook.com/MyVitality . Shop the products that Jared mentions at vitalitynutrition.com. Let us know your thoughts about this episode using the hashtag #vitalityradio and please rate and review us on Apple Podcasts. Thank you!Just a reminder that this podcast is for educational purposes only. The FDA has not evaluated the podcast. The information is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. The advice given is not intended to replace the advice of your medical professional.This podcast is produced by DrTalks.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://drtalks.com/podcast-service/⁠

Dr. Diana Walsh Pasulka — professor of religious studies, author of The Others: UFOs, AI, and the Secret Forces Guiding Human Destiny — is here to answer one of the most controversial and fascinating questions of our time: what if many of humanity's oldest spiritual encounters weren't interpreted correctly at all?Dr. Pasulka breaks down:- Shocking similarities between alien abductions & purgatory that first pulled her into UAP research- Whether historical Catholic supernatural experiences would be interpreted today as UFO encounters- Why many researchers believe we need to radically rethink the concept of “aliens”- Physiology of UAP encounters and how experiencers may access altered states or different parts of the brain- Carl Jung's theory that UFOs could emerge from the unconscious mind- Why belief in nonhuman intelligence is rapidly increasing, and why it may function as a modern religion- Reports throughout Catholic history describing encounters with nonhuman entities- Whether aerospace engineers and scientists are receiving “downloads” or ideas from nonhuman intelligence- Recent deaths and disappearances of scientists connected to nuclear and aerospace programs (Are they connected to UAP research?)- Why proof of nonhuman intelligence may NOT destroy religious belief- Why some people believe AI could be the antichrist, while others think resisting AI is the true danger- Whether governments are in a position to confirm historical religious events- Psychedelics, altered states, and historical encounters with nonhuman intelligence- Why certain people appear far more open to supernatural experiences than others- Hidden role sci-fi plays as a framework for understanding modern UFO phenomena- Real function of religion and how humanity uses belief systems to explain what science still can't- Measurable physical & neurological benefits of prayer- Whether humanity is heading toward a religious revival, or if religion has become too politicized to recoverThis episode of Mayim Bialik's Breakdown explores the intersection of UFOs, religion, consciousness, AI, mysticism, Catholicism, neuroscience, psychedelics, government secrecy, and the future of human belief itself.If you're interested in UAP disclosure, nonhuman intelligence, ancient religions, consciousness research, alien encounters, spiritual experiences, or the future of AI, this conversation will challenge everything you think you know!Go to https://surfshark.com/mayim or use code MAYIM at checkout to get 4 extra months of Surfshark VPN!Start your new morning ritual & get up to 43% off your @MUDWTR with code BREAK at https://www.mudwtr.com/BREAK ! #mudwtrpodFFRF: If that matters to you, go to http://FFRF.US/BREAKDOWN or text, “BREAKDOWN” to 511511 to learn more and join.For a limited time, get $250 off Cove Pure water filtration at http://www.covepure.com/breakdownGet the Discounted Early Bird registration to the IANDS Annual conference before the sale ends July 15. Visit https://conference.iands.orgMake your summer wardrobe feel easier. Go to https://www.quince.com/breakdown for free shipping on your order and 365-day returns.Pre-Order Dr. Diana Walsh Pasulka's new book, THE OTHERS: UFOs, AI, and the Secret Forces Guiding Human Destiny, out July 28th: https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250394866/theothers/Follow us on Substack for Exclusive Bonus Content: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://bialikbreakdown.substack.com/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠BialikBreakdown.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠YouTube.com/mayimbialik⁠⁠⁠See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Around 25 years ago, Ardem Patapoutian set out to investigate the fundamental biology behind our sense of touch. Through a long process of gene elimination, he identified a class of sensors in the cell membrane that turn physical pressure into an electrical signal. He changed the game in the field of sensation and perception, and in 2021 shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work.  He joined Host Flora Lichtman in November 2025 to talk about his research, the odd jobs he worked along the way, and how he found a sense of belonging in science. Guests: Dr. Ardem Patapoutian is a professor and the Presidential Endowed Chair in Neurobiology at the Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, California. Transcripts for each episode are available within 1-3 days at sciencefriday.com. Subscribe to this podcast. Follow our show on Instagram, TikTok, Facebook, and Bluesky @scifri and sign up for our newsletters. Got a science question that's keeping you up at night? Call us: 877-472-4374 Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.