Podcasts about bradyrhizobium

Matters Microbial #61: All In Due Time–How Bacteria Wake from Dormancy October 17, 2024 Today, Dr. Paul Carini, of the Environmental Science department of the University of Arizona, joins the #QualityQuorum to discuss how soil bacteria can become dormant, “wake up,” and why that is more relevant than you might suppose. Host: Mark O. Martin Guest: Paul Carini Subscribe: Apple Podcasts, Spotify Become a patron of Matters Microbial! Links for this episode A lovely essay about the “Cultivation Conundrum”:  why so many microbes in nature cannot be grown in the laboratory. The “uncultivated majority” is often called “microbial dark matter,” described here.   An essay about the scale of microbiology with some fascinating facts. Arizona Culture Collection project by Dr. Carini and colleagues. Dilution to extinction technique An overview of sporulation, including some fascinating variations. A description of Arthrobacter A description of Bradyrhizobium An essay explaining PCA plots An essay about intrinsically disordered proteins A very nice video about working in Dr. Carini's lab.  HIGHLY RECOMMENDED. Dr. Carini's faculty website. Dr. Carini's fascinating laboratory website. Dr. Carini's Substack page, where he explores many microbiological ideas. Intro music is by Reber Clark Send your questions and comments to mattersmicrobial@gmail.com

Clara and Emily are taking root this year on new and interesting topics. Your favourite podcasters are back and here to share the wonders of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), their fascinating punishment-reward relationship with plants, and how the agricultural industry can benefit from these fungi.Mechanisms underlying beneficial plant-fungus interactions in mycorrhizal symbiosis - Scientific Figure on ResearchGate. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Hyphopodium-adhesion-to-the-root-epidermis-in-arbuscular-mycorrhizas-A-top-view-of-the_fig2_47545096 [accessed 13 Jan, 2024] https://www.nature.com/articles/nrmicro1987 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02904#:~:text=For%20hyphal%20length%20in%20soil,strain%20with%200.8%20%CE%BCm2. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227672792_Brundrett_M_C_-_Coevolution_of_roots_and_mycorrhizas_of_land_plants_New_Phytologist?enrichId=rgreq-cb7693a731a3aa68d3bf2396eafc2e93-XXX&enrichSource=Y292ZXJQYWdlOzIyNzY3Mjc5MjtBUzo1NTQyNjM4NzgwOTQ4NDhAMTUwOTE1ODIxNDU4MQ%3D%3D&el=1_x_2&_esc=publicationCoverPdf https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00344-014-9414-4 Shalaby AM and Hanna MM (1998). Preliminary studies on interactions between VA mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae, Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Pseudomonas syringae in soybean plants. Acta Microbiol Pol 47:385 – 391.

Episode 4 of 22: Nitrogen fixationIn this episode of ‘We've bean around the block', host Antony Jarvie discusses nitrogen fixation with UKZN's Professor Mark Laing. The discussion is centred around nitrogen fixation in soybeans, but it broadens into a discussion that covers legumes and non-legume crops. The fragile Bradyrhizobium japonicum used in soybean production is not indigenous to South African soils, so it needs to be inoculated at planting. The importance of out-competing other microbes and wild strains of rhizobia is discussed, as is the need to inundate the rhizosphere with the desired highly efficient N-fixing strains. The most widely used rhizobia strain (WB74) has been deployed for more than 20 years, and current soybean cultivar selection has been optimised on this strain. With climate change, soil environment conditions are changing rapidly, and there was much debate around the requirement for strain improvement to meet these changes. There are allied microbes that we should be developing alongside the rhizobia to buffer their exposure to harsh conditions. Professor Laing went on to introduce the topic of nitrogen fixation by free-living microbes. The examples given included N-fixation in sugar cane, cereals such as wheat and maize and in forestry. His own ground-breaking research is poised to commercialize a N-fixing Bacillus species, which could contribute towards reducing agriculture's reliance on fertilizer nitrogen. For those interested in this topic, the links provided below offer some peer-reviewed scientific articles on the topic. https://www.tsnf.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Cocking-and-Dent-2017.pdfhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acssynbio.1c00049 

A fixação Biológica de Nitrogênio vem sendo estuda a muitos anos, principalmente quando falamos sobre plantas leguminosas, e estando em simbiose com esta planta, o tão conhecido e aclamado BRADYRHIZOBIUM. Neste episódio falamos um pouco sobre a importância da inoculação, deste grande aliado para a agricultura, tanto em aumento de produção, como também em melhor utilização dos recursos, financeiros e ambientais. E para conversar conosco, chamamos novamente uma referência nacional quando falamos em inoculação, o professor Thomas Martin, que nos auxiliou a compreender mais sobre o Bradyrhizobium, sua utilização e também o desenvolvimento cientifico e pesquisa que vem ocorrendo atualmente, principalmente dentro do grupo de pesquisa CoxilhaUFSM ======== Mídias sociais: Instagran: @martin.ufsm @coxilhaufsm Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Thomas-Martin-110464910675936/ https://www.facebook.com/coxilhaufsm/ Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/thomas-martin-9256a81b4/ Site: https://sites.google.com/view/coxilha/%C3%BAteis ======== FALE CONOSCO Email: Dependeagro@gmail.com Instagran: Agrodepende Linkedin: Agro Depende Site: http://agrodepende.com.br/ ======== EQUIPE Agrodepende Edição – Eduardo Butzen Sebastiany Produção – Cassiano Sartor Decker e Eduardo Butzen Sebastiany Arte- Cassiano Sartor Decker

Confira no programa O Homem e a Terra desta segunda-feira, 19 de outubro, a participação do extensionista Renan Barzan, explicando porque o produtor deve fazer a inoculação da semente de soja com Bradyrhizobium todos os anos e também as vantagens de fazer a coinoculação com o Azospirillum. A gerente do serviço de inspeção de produtos de origem animal, da Adapar, Mariza Koloda Henning, apresenta detalhes sobre as regras, o funcionamento e as vantagens do Sistema Estadual Unificado de Sanidade Agroindustrial Familiar, o Susaf. Apresentação: Amarildo Alba Sonoplastia: Gustavo Stella --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/idr-parana/message

Neste episódio especial, Paulo conversou com Solon Araújo, Sócio Diretor da SCA Consultoria e Treinamento, sobre os benefícios da coinoculação na cultura da soja. Solon é uma figura fundamental na difusão do uso de produtos biológicos na agricultura do Brasil, além de ser um apaixonado pelo tema. --------------- Esta série de episódios é uma parceria entre o Agro Resenha e a Stoller, e tem o objetivo de fornecer o melhor conteúdo em podcast sobre fisiologia e nutrição vegetal. A Stoller, que em 2020 completa 50 anos de existência, tem como missão transformar conhecimento em inovação para a agricultura, com foco em seus clientes, gerando valor a todos os envolvidos. E nada melhor que usar um dos meios de comunicação mais inovadores da atualidade, que é o podcast.  Saiba mais sobre a Stoller em https://www.stoller.com.br. Comunidade Agro de Sucesso: http://www.comunidadeagrodesucesso.com.br/

Neste episódio especial, Paulo conversou com Solon Araújo, Sócio Diretor da SCA Consultoria e Treinamento, sobre os benefícios da coinoculação na cultura da soja. Solon é uma figura fundamental na difusão do uso de produtos biológicos na agricultura do Brasil, além de ser um apaixonado pelo tema. --------------- Esta série de episódios é uma parceria entre o Agro Resenha e a Stoller, e tem o objetivo de fornecer o melhor conteúdo em podcast sobre fisiologia e nutrição vegetal. A Stoller, que em 2020 completa 50 anos de existência, tem como missão transformar conhecimento em inovação para a agricultura, com foco em seus clientes, gerando valor a todos os envolvidos. E nada melhor que usar um dos meios de comunicação mais inovadores da atualidade, que é o podcast.  Saiba mais sobre a Stoller em https://www.stoller.com.br. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Produtor, para que você tenha mais informações e conheça mais sobre coinoculação o Paulo do canal Agroresenha conversou com Solon de Araujo sobre as vantagens no uso conjunto das bactérias Bradyrhizobium e Azospirillum e como elas podem impactar na produtividade da lavoura soja. Se você gostou do conteúdo, acompanhe a Stoller em nossos outros canais: Youtube, Facebook, Instagram, Site

As many soybean growers are well aware, soybeans have a unique ability to biologically fix their own nitrogen (N) in a symbiotic relationship with the bacteria, Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Inoculant containing the bacteria can either be applied on the seed or to the soil at planing, and then as the crop is putting on vegetation and... Read More

This episode: Very small ocean algae consume bacterial prey of a similar size to themselves by engulfing them only partially! Download Episode (8.9 MB, 9.7 minutes) Show notes: Microbe of the episode: Bradyrhizobium japonicum Journal Paper: Kamennaya NA, Kennaway G, Fuchs BM, Zubkov MV. 2018. “Pomacytosis”—Semi-extracellular phagocytosis of cyanobacteria by the smallest marine algae. PLOS Biol 16:e2003502. Other interesting stories: Using nanomagnets to control quorum sensing by pulling bacteria together (paper)   Email questions or comments to bacteriofiles at gmail dot com. Thanks for listening! Subscribe: Apple Podcasts, RSS, Google Play. Support the show at Patreon, or check out the show at Twitter or Facebook

Abstract In this study, two topics causing major public concern related to transgenic plants were investigated: The possibility of a horizontal gene transfer from plant to bacteria and the impact of transgenic plants after herbicide treatment on root associated bacteria. The transgenic plant chosen for this study was Roundup Ready® (RR) soybean, which is tolerant to the herbicide glyphosate and is the most commonly used genetically modified crop worldwide. Glyphosate, the active ingredient of Roundup Ready®, inhibits the EPSPS enzyme (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase). EPSPS is an enzyme involved in the shikimic acid pathway leading to the aromatic amino acid biosynthesis and its inhibition leads to growth reduction of plants and microorganisms. RR crops are glyphosate tolerant due to the introduction of the CP4-EPSPS gene coding for a glyphosate insensitive EPSPS enzyme. The transgenic construct is under expression of a CaMV 35S promoter a nos transcriptional termination element from Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Horizontal gene transfer experiments with the EPSPS gene of the RR soybean were performed under controlled laboratory conditions and were targeted to the nitrogen fixing symbiont of soybean Bradyrhizobium japonicum. This bacterium comprises the requirements of a possible receptor for the glyphosate resistance trait, as it is sensitive to the herbicide and thus the acquirement of glyphosate resistance would signify a positive adaptation to glyphosate accumulated in the roots after herbicide application. Two key conditions for gene transfer from the CP4-EPSPS gene from the RR soybean to B. japonicum were evaluated in this study: The required specific conditions for B. japonicum to undergo natural transformation and the expression of the CP4-EPSPS gene in B. japonicum. For that purpose, the CP4-EPSPS gene was cloned into a B. japonicum chromosomal integration vector and was transferred by biparental mating into the B. japonicum genome. Subsequently, the expression of the CP4-EPSPS gene in B. japonicum was tested under increasing glyphosate selection pressure. Results of these experiments indicated that B. japonicum is not naturally transformable under any conditions known from the more than 40 so far reported naturally transformable bacteria. Furthermore, the CP4-EPSPS genetic construct, as contained in RR soybean, has been shown in this study to be not active in B. japonicum. Consequently, if there would be a gene transfer of the plant CP4-EPSPS to B. japonicum, this genetic construct does not confer glyphosate resistance to B. japonicum and does not constitute any adaptive advantage to the bacterium under glyphosate selection pressure. As the genetic trait of glyphosate resistance has been found in several bacteria, it would be more probable that the common mating exchange between bacterial groups could disperse the glyphosate resistance within an environment. Moreover, in the specific case of B. japonicum, a high spontaneous mutation rate for glyphosate resistance was observed, suggesting that B. japonicum can also adapt to the glyphosate selection pressure by mutation under natural conditions. The impact of transgenic plants with their respective herbicide treatments on root associated bacteria was investigated in a greenhouse experiment. The composition and diversity of bacterial communities of RR soybean rhizospheres were analyzed and compared between glyphosate-treated and untreated plants. Samples from five harvests with two glyphosate applications were analysed by 16S rRNA gene T-RFLP analysis complemented with the evaluation of three clone libraries. Multivariate statistical analysis of the data was used to visualize changes in the microbial populations in response to glyphosate applications and in order to find groups of organisms responsible for the observed community shifts. A comparison of the rhizosphere communities revealed that a Burkholderia related group was significantly inhibited by glyphosate application, while the abundance of a group of Gemmatimonadetes related sequences increased significantly after the herbicide treatment. The significant increment of Gemmatimonadetes abundance after glyphosate application could indicate that these organisms are able to metabolize the herbicide. Shannon diversity indices were calculated based on the T-RFLP results with the aim to compare bacterial diversity in the rhizosphere of glyphosate-treated and non treated RR soybeans. Interestingly, the bacterial community associated to RR soybean roots after glyphosate application not only demonstrated effective resilience after the disturbance but in addition the bacterial diversity also increased in comparison to the untreated control samples. It is possible, that in an environment with organisms which are able to metabolize glyphosate, the key for enhancing diversity could be the succession of metabolites, which can be further utilized by a diverse range of bacteria.

Sat, 1 Jan 1994 12:00:00 +0100 http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3270/ http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3270/1/3270.pdf Parniske, Martin; Schmidt, Petra; Kosch, Kerstin; Müller, Peter Parniske, Martin; Schmidt, Petra; Kosch, Kerstin und Müller, Peter (1994): Plant defense responses of host plants with determinate nodules induced by eps-defective exob mutants of bradyrhizobium-japonicum. In: Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, Vol. 7, Nr. 5: pp.

After a short summary on the ecology and rhizosphere biology of symbiotic bacteria and vesicular-arbuscular (VA) mycorrhiza fungi and their application as microbial inocula, results on competitiveness and communication are summarized. Stress factors such as high temperature, low soil pH, aluminium concentrations and phytoalexins produced by the host plants were studied withRhizobium leguminosarum bv.phaseoli andRhizobium tropici onPhaseolus beans. Quantitative data for competitiveness were obtained by usinggus + (glucoronidase) labelled strains, which produce blue-coloured nodules. ForPhaseolus-nodulating rhizobia, a group specific DNA probe was also developed, which did not hybridize with more than 20 other common soil and rhizosphere bacteria. Results from several laboratories contributing to knowledge of signal exchange and communication in theRhizobium/Bradyrhizobium legume system are summarized in a new scheme, including also defense reactions at the early stages of legume nodule initiation. Stimulating effects of flavonoids on germination and growth of VA mycorrhiza fungi were also found. A constitutive antifungal compound in pea roots, -isoxazolinonyl-alanine, was characterized.

Sat, 1 Jan 1994 12:00:00 +0100 http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3268/ http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3268/1/3268.pdf Kosch, Kerstin; Jacobi, Andreas; Parniske, Martin; Werner, Dietrich; Müller, Peter Kosch, Kerstin; Jacobi, Andreas; Parniske, Martin; Werner, Dietrich und Müller, Peter (1994): The impairment of the nodulation process, induced by a bradyrhizobium-japonicum exopolysaccharide mutant is determined by the genotype of the host-plant. In: Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C,

A new comprehensive communication concept in the Rhizobium/Bradyrhizobium legume symbiosis was developed. It includes a root zone specific flavonoid exudation, the differential activity of phenylpropane/acetate pathway derivatives on chemotaxis, nod-gene inducing activity and phytoalexin resistance induction on the microsymbiont side (Bradyrhizobium). Nod factor production from the microsymbiont affects the host plant in root hair curling and meristem induction. Phytoalexin production in the host plant is also an early response, however repressed to a low level after a few hours. Another strategy of the microsymbiont to overcome phytoalexin effects is degradation of phytoalexins in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. vicieae. Competitiveness within the same infection group of the microsymbiont was studied with gus-gene fusion, using the blue coloured nodules to easily discriminate marked strains from unmarked competitors. New exopolysaccharide (EPS) mutants of Bradyrhizobium japonicum were reconstructed homologous with a DNA region to exoB gene of Rhizobium meliloti. Their clearly reduced competitiveness of nodulation, demonstrates that exopolysaccharides of Bradyrhizohium japonicum also have an important function during the early stages of this symbiotic interaction.

Fri, 1 Jan 1993 12:00:00 +0100 http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3273/ http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3273/1/3273.pdf Parniske, Martin; Kosch, Kerstin; Werner, Dietrich; Müller, Peter Parniske, Martin; Kosch, Kerstin; Werner, Dietrich und Müller, Peter (1993): Exob mutants of bradyrhizobium-japonicum with reduced competitiveness for nodulation of glycine-max. In: Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, Vol. 6, Nr. 1: pp. 99-106.

Isoflavonoid signal molecules from soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) seed and root exudate induce the transcription of nodulation (nod) genes in Bradyrhizobium japonicum. In this study, a new compound with symbiotic activity was isolated from soybean root exudate. The isolated 2',4',4-trihydroxychalcone (isoliquiritigenin) is characterized by its strong inducing activity for the nod genes of B. japonicum. These genes are already induced at concentrations 1 order of magnitude below those required of the previously described isoflavonoid inducers genistein and daidzein. Isoliquiritigenin is also a potent inducer of glyceollin resistance in B. japonicum, which renders this bacterium insensitive to potentially bactericidal concentrations of glyceollin, the phytoalexin of G. max. No chemotactic effect of isoliquiritigenin was observed. The highly efficient induction of nod genes and glyceollin resistance by isoliquiritigenin suggests the ecological significance of this compound, although it is not a major flavonoid constituent of the soybean root exudate in quantitative terms.

Tue, 1 Jan 1991 12:00:00 +0100 http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3280/ http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3280/1/3280.pdf Parniske, Martin; Fischer, H.; Hennecke, H.; Werner, Dietrich Parniske, Martin; Fischer, H.; Hennecke, H. und Werner, Dietrich (1991): Accumulation of the phytoalexin glyceollin i in soybean nodules infected by a bradyrhizobium-japonicum-nifa mutant. In: Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, Vol. 46, Nr. 3-4: pp. 318-320.

The antibacterial effect of the soybean phytoalexin glyceollin was assayed using a liquid microculture technique. Log-phase cells of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Sinorhizobium fredii were sensitive to glyceollin. As revealed by growth rates and survival tests, these species were able to tolerate glyceollin after adaptation. Incubation in low concentrations of the isoflavones genistein and daidzein induced resistance to potentially bactericidal concentrations of glyceollin. This inducible resistance is not due to degradation or detoxification of the phytoalexin. The inducible resistance could be detected in B. japonicum 110spc4 and 61A101, representing the two taxonomically divergent groups of this species, as well as in S. fredii HH103, suggesting that this trait is a feature of all soybean-nodulating rhizobia. Glyceollin resistance was also inducible in a nodDlD2YABC deletion mutant of B. japonicum 110spc4, suggesting that there exists another recognition site for flavonoids besides the nodD genes identified so far. Exudate preparations from roots infected with Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycinea exhibited a strong bactericidal effect toward glyceollin-sensitive cells of B. japonicum. This killing effect was not solely due to glyceollin since purified glyceollin at concentrations similar to those present in exudate preparations had a much lower toxicity. However, glyceollin-resistant cells were also more resistant to exudate preparations than glyceollin-sensitive cells. Isoflavonoid-inducible resistance must therefore be ascribed an important role for survival of rhizobia in the rhizosphere of soybean roots.

For Bradyrhizobiumjaponicum, the chemotactic and the nod gene-inducing effects of hydroxycinnamic acids and two of their derivatives were compared with those of isoflavonoids. Only the hydroxycinnamic acids were strong chemoattractants, while the other substances tested were chemotactically inactive. Besides the known nod gene induction by isoflavonoids, a weak nod gene induction by coniferyl alcohol, chlorogenic acid, and ferulic acid was found.

Mon, 1 Jan 1990 12:00:00 +0100 http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3281/ http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3281/1/3281.pdf Parniske, Martin; Zimmermann, C.; Cregan, P.; Werner, Dietrich Parniske, Martin; Zimmermann, C.; Cregan, P. und Werner, Dietrich (1990): Hypersensitive reaction of nodule cells in the glycine sp bradyrhizobium-japonicum symbiosis occurs at the genotype-specific level. In: Botanica Acta, Vol. 103, Nr. 2: pp