Podcasts about mechanisms

Discover how novel APRIL and dual BAFF/APRIL inhibitors directly interrupt IgA nephropathy pathogenesis. Credit available for this activity expires: 9/29/27 Earn Credit / Learning Objectives & Disclosures: https://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/targeting-source-dissecting-mechanisms-emerging-b-cell-2026a1000zi7?ecd=bdc_podcast_libsyn_mscpedu

Board games that represent real historical events face a problem that fiction can largely avoid. The designer can't start with a blank page. Players are going to expect that the game somehow mirrors what actually happened in the past. Yet, a board game can't faithfully reproduce an entire historical period. The designer has to select and simplify, turning the subject into rules and mechanisms. A historical board game can't ever be completely accurate. The question really is how designers decide which parts of reality belong in the game, which can be abstracted, and which should be left out. In this article, I look at this question from the perspectives of five designers, each with a different answer to the problem.Read the full article here: ⁠https://tabletopgamesblog.com/2026/09/29/reality-realisation-how-board-games-represent-reality-topic-discussion/⁠Useful LinksVotes for Women review: ⁠https://tabletopgamesblog.com/2024/02/10/votes-for-women-digital-eyes/⁠Pax Pamir 2e review: ⁠https://tabletopgamesblog.com/2022/08/27/pax-pamir-second-edition-saturday-review/⁠Sebastian Bae, "Designing Littoral Commander: Indo-Pacific, a professional educational wargame": ⁠https://sdhist.com/designing-littoral-commander-indo-pacific-a-professional-educational-wargame/⁠Mark Herman, "Empire of the Sun: Monograph on U.S. Air Operations versus Japanese Fleet Bases - Truk example": ⁠https://medium.com/%40markherman54/empire-of-the-sun-ca2287fe3eff⁠The Players' Aid interview with Tory Brown, Designer of Votes for Women from Fort Circle Games: ⁠https://theplayersaid.com/2020/09/07/interview-with-tory-brown-designer-of-votes-for-women-from-fort-circle-games-currently-on-kickstarter/⁠Game Design Deep Dive interview with Cole Wehrle: ⁠https://www.buzzsprout.com/1993070/episodes/12096335⁠SDHistCon, "Designer roundtable: Gaming the unpleasant": ⁠https://sdhist.com/designer-roundtable-gaming-the-unpleasant/⁠Amabel Holland, "Theme & Mechanisms": ⁠https://hollandspiele.com/blogs/hollandazed-thoughts-ideas-and-miscellany/theme-mechanisms⁠MusicIntro Music: Bomber (Sting) by Riot (⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.youtube.com/audiolibrary/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠)Music: "I Want To Go Out" from the soundtrack to SILO: Season 1 by Atli Örvarsson, copyright by Apple Video Programming LLCMusic: "Fate", "Fragile Hope" and "Our World" by AShamaluevMusic.Website: ⁠https://www.ashamaluevmusic.com⁠SupportIf you want to support this podcast financially, please check out the links below:Ko-Fi: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://ko-fi.com/TabletopGamesBlog⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Patreon: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.patreon.com/tabletopgamesblog⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Website: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://tabletopgamesblog.com/support/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠(Photo by Birmingham Museums Trust on Unsplash)

This post looks at paid advertising on Facebook and Instagram, run through Meta Ads, and where it fits for a small recruitment, search or staffing business. It’s the paid companion to our earlier episodes on organic Instagram and Facebook. The short version is this: Meta ads can be genuinely useful, but they’re rarely the right first move for winning cold clients. The reach is real. Meta’s planning tools suggest advertisers can potentially reach around 38.8 million people on Facebook and 35.5 million on Instagram in the UK alone, with similar coverage across the US and Australia. But reach is not the same as attention, and neither is the same as someone being in a hiring mood. Facebook and Instagram are places people go to switch off, which makes Meta a discovery channel rather than an intent channel. That single distinction shapes everything else. We cover the four jobs Meta does well for recruiters, candidate attraction, retargeting, waking up your database, and getting a useful resource into the right hands, alongside what good recruitment creative looks like and the honest answer to whether Meta can win you clients. It can contribute, mostly by warming people up rather than closing them, but a cold ‘book a call’ advert to strangers rarely works. We also cover the money and the measurement: budgets, how long to give a campaign, and why chasing the cheapest lead is a false economy. We’re clear throughout about what the data does and doesn’t show, including where reliable UK and Australian recruitment benchmarks simply don’t exist. And we give you permission to skip the channel entirely if it doesn’t suit your business. What You Will Learn in This Post What Meta ads is, and how the paid side differs from organic posting on Facebook and Instagram Why reach on these platforms is not the same as buying intent, and what that means for recruiters The four jobs Meta ads genuinely does well for a recruitment business What separates recruitment adverts that get noticed from ones that get scrolled past The honest answer on whether Meta can win you cold clients How much to budget, how long to wait, and why lead quality matters more than cost per lead Who should skip Meta ads altogether A recruitment owner said something to me recently that sums up how many people feel about Facebook advertising. He’d put a small daily budget behind a ‘We’re hiring’ post, waited a couple of weeks, and got very little back. His conclusion was simple. Meta ads don’t work for recruitment. I understand why he’d think that. But it isn’t quite right. What happened is that he asked the wrong channel to do the wrong job for the wrong audience, in the wrong way. Once you understand how paid advertising on Facebook and Instagram really works, that becomes a very fixable problem. This is the paid side of Meta. We covered organic Instagram and Facebook, the posting and the profiles, earlier in this series. Today is about paying for reach and where that money is best spent for a recruitment, search, or staffing business. What are Meta ads  Meta owns both Facebook and Instagram. Meta ads is the system you use to pay for reach across both platforms from one place, through Ads Manager. You choose a goal, choose who you’d like to see your advert, supply the words and pictures, set a budget, and then Meta’s system decides who to show it to. That last part matters more than it used to. Meta’s delivery is now heavily AI-led, which means your detailed targeting choices act more as suggestions than strict rules. The platform tries to find whoever is most likely to give you the result you asked for. That has a big consequence, which we’ll come back to: the quality of the information you feed the system matters more than the cleverness of your targeting. The reach is real, and so is the catch Let’s start with the thing everyone leads with. Scale. In the UK, Meta’s own planning tools suggest an advertiser can potentially reach around 38.8 million people on Facebook and 35.5 million on Instagram. In the US, the figures are roughly 198 million and 182 million, and in Australia around 17.7 million and 15.2 million. These come from DataReportal’s Digital 2026 reports, drawing on Meta’s planning data from late 2025. Instagram’s reachable audience is also growing faster than Facebook’s. Now the catch, because it’s the whole game. These are estimated advertising audiences, not counts of real, active users. Meta itself is clear that the figure is not a proxy for how many people really use the app, and that it moves around for technical reasons that have nothing to do with more or fewer real people. So ‘can reach’ is not ‘is paying attention’, and it’s a long way from ‘is in a hiring mood’. It helps to think about how people use these apps. In the UK, Ofcom’s Online Nation 2025 report found people spend, on average, around 43 minutes a day on Facebook and Messenger, and around 20 minutes a day on Instagram. That’s real time and real attention. But it’s leisure time. Family photos, Reels, hobby groups, holidays, football. For context, Meta’s family of apps reached an average of 3.60 billion daily active people in June 2026, and Instagram passed 2 billion daily users in mid-2026. Those are global, family-wide figures, not Facebook-and-Instagram-only numbers and not country-level advertising reach, so they’re best treated as background rather than something to plan around. Discovery, not intent This idea explains almost everything else. Facebook and Instagram are discovery channels. People are there to switch off, not to buy recruitment. Compare that with LinkedIn or search, where someone is much closer to a work frame of mind. It’s worth being precise about who is reachable, without falling into lazy generalisations. Facebook’s audience includes a large share of working-age adults aged 35 and over, among them managers and hiring decision-makers. In the US, Pew Research found adults aged 30 to 49 were the most likely age group to use Facebook. Instagram reaches a higher proportion of younger adults, with use strongest among those aged 18 to 29. The point is not that one platform is for older adults and the other for young people. The point is that being reachable is not the same as being ready to buy. A hiring manager can be sitting right there in the audience and still have no interest in a recruitment pitch while they’re scrolling in the evening. None of this makes Meta useless. It makes it a discovery channel, and that changes what you should ask it to do. How Meta Helps Recruiters Meta ads does four jobs genuinely well for a recruitment business. Candidate attraction. This is Meta at its strongest. Job seeking happens in the evenings and at weekends, outside professional networks. Facebook has huge reach among working-age adults, and Instagram and Reels let you show what a role or a workplace is really like. If you recruit in volume, or locally, or into roles where people decide on their phone, care, hospitality, logistics, construction, manufacturing, and early-career technology and digital, it can be a very cost-effective way to be seen by the right candidates. Retargeting. This is the one most recruiters underuse. Retargeting means showing adverts to people who’ve already interacted with you. They visited a job on your website, watched most of one of your videos, opened a form, or downloaded your salary guide. They already know you exist, and a well-timed reminder does far more than shouting at strangers. Waking up your database. You can take your own lists, your candidates, your past clients, the people who came to a webinar, and, where you have the right permissions, show them adverts directly through Custom Audiences. Most recruitment businesses are sitting on a database they barely speak to. One word of care: using your own data like this comes with real privacy obligations. You need a lawful basis and a clean process. Don’t skip that part. Getting a useful resource into the right hands. This is the one we’d most want you to take away. Not ‘book a call’, but a genuinely useful thing: a salary guide for your niche, a local hiring report, a short guide on why offers are being turned down, or a webinar on what’s changing in your sector. You advertise the resource, the people who want it give you their email to get it, and you’ve turned rented attention into an audience you own. Our Marketing Trends Report works the same way. What good recruitment creative looks like A generic vacancy graphic with a logo and a salary gets scrolled past. The adverts that stop people do one of four things: teach something useful, name a specific problem, show real proof with permission, or make the next step genuinely easy. So ‘the three salary trends affecting data engineers in Manchester this quarter’ works far better than ‘we are hiring’. And short, native vertical video matters more than it did. Meta’s current guidance points to 9:16 Reels, and a 20- to 40-second specialist insight recorded on your phone is often more persuasive than a polished, generic corporate film. Can Meta win you clients? The honest answer is that it rarely does on its own, and rarely from a cold start. But it can play a real part. It contributes to client work by warming people up, not closing them. Picture the sequence. A hiring manager sees your useful salary guide. Another week, they see a short video of you explaining something smart about their market. Weeks later, they get an email from you or a note on LinkedIn, and this time your name is familiar. You didn’t win that client on Facebook, but Facebook did some of the early groundwork. It goes wrong when a small business expects a cold advert to do the job of a proper conversation. ‘We recruit accountants, get in touch’ means nothing to someone who’s never heard of you and wasn’t thinking about hiring. ‘The three things pushing up finance salaries in your city this quarter’ might make that same person stop. One is a pitch; the other is useful, and useful travels much farther here. The strongest results come when Meta is one part of a joined-up approach: useful content, Meta distribution, retargeting, email nurture, and LinkedIn or direct outreach, with fast follow-up behind it all. The money and the measurement On budget, don’t dip a toe in with a fiver a day and expect to learn anything. Meta’s own guidance is that where you set a cost-per-result goal, your daily budget should be at least five times that goal. A five-pound target cost per result implies a daily budget of at least twenty-five pounds. A serious test needs enough spend to produce real evidence, not just a few clicks. Give a lead campaign enough time to run properly. Meta suggests aiming for 50 or more conversions a week, with performance often improving after the first two weeks and a sensible minimum run of around three weeks. For a niche recruiter with a smaller audience, that volume isn’t always achievable, so judge results over weeks, not days. On quality, this is the point that saves the most money. If you tell Meta to find you the cheapest possible leads, it becomes very good at finding people who fill in forms cheaply and are worth nothing to you. Meta’s own figures show that when you feed the system information about which leads turned out to be good ones, through the Conversions API for CRM, cost per quality lead fell by around 21 per cent on Instant Form campaigns and around 9.5 per cent on website-form campaigns, compared with optimising for volume. Feed it the outcomes that matter. A word on benchmarks, and what the data won’t tell you It’s worth being straight about this. Reliable, like-for-like 2025 to 2026 Meta cost benchmarks, broken out separately for the UK, the US and Australia and specifically for recruitment B2B client acquisition, do not exist in the public data. Anyone quoting you a precise ‘cost per recruitment client’ from Facebook is guessing. The most-cited dataset is WordStream and LocaliQ’s 2025 Facebook Ads benchmarks, which are US and cross-industry. Their broad ‘Career and Employment’ category showed an average click-through rate of 2.81 per cent, an average cost per click of 0.86 US dollars and an average cost per lead of 17.64 US dollars. Treat that as rough US context only. It is not a UK or Australian figure, it is not a recruitment B2B benchmark, and a cheap form-fill is not a placement. Two advertiser examples illustrate how the levers behave, though they are not results you should expect. A B2B company, BLISS, found a shorter Instagram lead form produced 2.5 times the conversion rate and a 40 per cent lower cost per lead than a longer one, although the longer form gave higher-quality leads. Another, Appsee, reported 3.4 times higher click-through and a 25 per cent lower cost per qualified lead from Instagram Stories. Mechanisms, not guarantees. Whatever you run, measure the right things. Not just reach and cost per lead, but qualified leads, booked meetings, job orders, placements, revenue and gross profit. That’s the difference between a campaign that looks busy and one that pays. A note on compliance Recruitment advertising isn’t just a marketing exercise. Employment adverts sit within Meta’s Special Ad Category, which limits some targeting options, and any use of client or candidate data in Custom Audiences needs a lawful basis under UK GDPR and the equivalent rules in the US and Australia. This post is marketing guidance, not legal advice, so take specialist advice for your own circumstances. When to leave it alone Some recruiters should skip Meta ads altogether, and that’s a perfectly good answer if you run a small, confidential senior-search business, where the roles are rare and discretion matters; public advertising on Facebook is usually the wrong tool. Your work happens through relationships and direct approaches, not lead forms. If you can’t yet say clearly who you help and what makes you different, sort that out first. An advert only amplifies your message; it can’t rescue a fuzzy one. And if you don’t have the capacity to follow up leads quickly, or a proper page to send people to, don’t start yet. There’s no prize for being on every channel. The prize is being good on the few that suit your business. What to do this week If you’re curious but cautious, don’t launch a cold campaign at strangers. Start where the warmth already is. First, take a resource you already have, or could make in an afternoon- a salary guide, a short market report, a hiring checklist for your niche- offer it, and let people swap their email for it. Second, if you’ve got a bit of website traffic or a following, set up a simple retargeting campaign so the people who already brushed past you keep seeing you. Both are low-risk; they build something that lasts, and they teach you how the platform behaves before you ever try anything colder. Remember the pattern: Meta rewards useful, and it rewards warm. Get that right, and it stops being a money pit and starts being a proper part of your marketing. Thanks Denise The post Meta Ads for Recruitment: What Facebook and Instagram Advertising Can and Can’t Do appeared first on Superfast Recruitment.

What actually makes psychotherapy work—and how does meaningful, lasting psychological change happen? In this episode of Inner Voice: A Heartfelt Chat with Dr. Foojan, Dr. Foojan Zeine speaks with Dr. Jeffrey Smith, psychiatrist, psychotherapist, author, educator, and Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at New York Medical College. Dr. Smith explains the science of psychotherapy, psychotherapy integration, psychological change, emotional healing, and the mechanisms that help people change deeply rooted patterns. Drawing from decades of clinical experience, he brings together insights from different psychotherapy approaches and explains how therapists can understand and facilitate meaningful change. The conversation explores inner parts, survival strategies, schemas, emotional memory, behavioral change, mindfulness, self-observation, acceptance, values, therapeutic relationships, and accurate empathy. A central theme is that lasting change is not simply about understanding the past. Psychotherapy can help activate old patterns while introducing new perspectives and experiences—creating opportunities to develop healthier ways of thinking, feeling, relating, and responding. In This Episode: • How psychotherapy actually works • What creates lasting psychological change • Psychotherapy integration and effective therapy • Inner parts and protective survival strategies • Schemas and emotional patterns • Emotional activation and new experiences • Disconfirming information and changing old beliefs • Behavioral change and self-observation • Mindfulness, acceptance, and psychological awareness • The role of values in psychotherapy • Therapeutic safety and accurate empathy • Why the therapeutic relationship matters Chapters: 00:00 Introduction: How Psychotherapy Works 01:39 Understanding the Inner Self 02:11 When Survival Strategies Become Outdated 05:10 How Does Psychotherapy Actually Work? 07:39 Meet Dr. Jeffrey Smith 11:21 The Foundation of Psychotherapy 12:25 Mechanisms of Psychological Change 13:14 Compassion and the Inner Self 16:35 Understanding Different Parts of the Self 18:58 Protective Parts and Survival Strategies 20:10 Acceptance and Healing 24:08 Schemas and Emotional Memory 25:13 Why Emotional Activation Matters 26:40 Disconfirming Information and Change 29:18 How Behavior Creates Change 31:13 Self-Observation and Awareness 34:54 Mindfulness and a New Perspective 36:02 A Practical Inner Parts Exercise 36:59 The Role of Values in Psychotherapy 40:05 Safety and the Therapeutic Relationship 41:05 Why Psychotherapy Is Interpersonal 42:01 Accurate Empathy in Therapy 44:17 Dr. Smith's Book: How Psychotherapy Works 45:31 Where to Find Dr. Jeffrey Smith 46:08 Closing Thoughts About Dr. Jeffrey Smith: Dr. Jeffrey Smith is a psychiatrist, psychotherapist, author, educator, and Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at New York Medical College. He is a former President of the Society for the Exploration of Psychotherapy Integration (SEPI) and has devoted his career to understanding how psychotherapy creates meaningful change. Learn more about Dr. Jeffrey Smith and his work at HowTherapyWorks.com. About Inner Voice: Inner Voice: A Heartfelt Chat with Dr. Foojan explores psychology, psychotherapy, emotional wellbeing, relationships, self-awareness, personal growth, and the science of meaningful change. Explore the International Awareness Integration Institute and learn more about psychotherapy, coaching, Awareness Integration Theory (AIT), and integrative wellbeing at IAII.life.

Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are synthetic versions of testosterone, and like naturally produced testosterone, they can increase male sex characteristics and help build muscle. They are prescribed for low testosterone, delayed puberty and muscle loss from severe illness, among other things. But AAS are also used regularly – particularly among gay, bisexual and queer men – without a prescription to gain muscle and improve physical appearance. The health impact of use varies from injection-site infection to sexual dysfunction and high blood pressure, and many people who use AAS have developed creative ways to mitigate risk. Today's episode will introduce AAS as performance enhancing drugs and provide harm reduction strategies that clinicians can employ to mitigate risks associated with their use. Related content:  Kutscher E, Arshed A, Greene RE, Kladney M. Exploring Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Use Among Cisgender Gay, Bisexual, and Queer Men. JAMA Netw Open. 2024 May 1;7(5):e2411088. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.11088. Kutscher E, Arshed A, Greene R, Kladney M. Exploring Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids Use Among Cisgender Gay, Bisexual, and Queer Men. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2025 Feb 1;267:112112. Kutscher E, Arshed A, Greene RE, Kladney M. Harm Reduction Techniques among Cisgender Gay, Bisexual, and Queer Men Using Anabolic Androgenic Steroids: A Qualitative Study. Harm Reduction Journal. 2024;21:196. doi.org/10.1186/s12954-024-01121-8. Kutscher E, Silverman E, Bachi K. Anabolic Androgenic Steroids: Emerging Use Disorder, Mechanisms of Action, and Clinical Considerations for Pharmacotherapy. Focus (Am Psychiatr Publ). 2026 Spring;24(2):168-178. doi: 10.1176/appi.focus.20250045. Clinical decision tool for providers and patients: https://aas-87py.onrender.com/#/providers/ CEI Line: 1-866-637-2342 https://ceitraining.org/

Brian presents with chronic heart failure and is referred to physical therapy for aerobic conditioning. The patient has a history of hypertension and has a resting heart rate of 102 bpm. The medical record indicates that the patient takes a medication that decreases cardiac workload by reducing preload through increased renal excretion of sodium and water. Which of the following medications is MOST likely prescribed?A) LisinoprilB) MetoprololC) FurosemideD) Nitroglycerin- Text our team the word COACH for a free diagnostic: (727) 732-4573- Download My Top 10 Meds Cheatsheet: https://www.nptecheatsheet.com/meds-npte

It's time to build your family's future on a foundation of true health and freedom. Join us at Future Foundations—because your future generations deserve the best start to the mission that will outlive us… Check it out here. Use code FREEDOM25 for 25% off!    Whether you're looking for tinctures, topicals or teas or a deeper connection to your INNATE healing capacity, Noble Task Homestead is here to serve you. Join the movement. Visit NobleTaskHomestead.com/noblestan today and enjoy a 10% discount on your order.   San Diego area residents, take advantage of our special New Patient offer exclusively for podcast listeners here. We can't wait to experience miracles with you! Welcome to a new episode of the Future Generations podcast! In this powerful and thought-provoking episode, we're joined by Dr. Sherri Tenpenny, one of the most outspoken and well-known voices in the health freedom movement. Dr. Tenpenny takes the stage at a live conference to deliver a sweeping presentation on the COVID-19 vaccine landscape covering the 40 mechanisms of injury she has identified from the shots, the critical distinction between viral shedding and spike protein transmission, concerns about the vaccinated blood supply, the protective role of ivermectin, and the permanent DNA damage she attributes to these injections. She weaves in biblical parables — the Sower and the bamboo farmer — as metaphors for the long, patient fight for truth, and calls on listeners to hold the line, sow seeds of information, and prepare for increasing persecution. She also announces the launch of a new healthcare system called Utusan. This is a raw, unflinching talk that pulls no punches.   Highlights: "The tsunami has arrived. It's coming. It's actually coming, and this is a real war. A war for the survival of humanity."   "Once you vaccinate, you can't un-vaccinate. There's no detox for changing your genes back to normal."   "Best case scenario, 25% of what you talk about is going to fall on good soil. You never know where the good soil is."   "People are deciding to get these shots for two reasons: fear or convenience."   "You are the remnant. You are the ones saving human DNA and genetics going forward."   Timestamps: 03:03 The tsunami of death has arrived. 06:16 Over 20,000 reported deaths in VAERS. 07:05 The Parable of the Sower explained. 09:35 The bamboo farmer lesson on persistence. 15:07 40 mechanisms of vaccine injury identified. 19:59 COVID shots permanently damage your DNA. 30:12 Shedding vs. transmission clearly defined. 33:59 Ivermectin as protection from transmission. 37:35 The addiction to fear explained. 42:55 Announcing Utusan, a new healthcare system.   Resources:   Remember to Rate, Review, and Subscribe on iTunes and Follow us on Spotify!   Learn more about Dr. Stanton Hom on:   Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/drstantonhom    Website: https://futuregenerationssd.com/  Podcast Website: https://thefuturegen.com  Twitter: https://twitter.com/drstantonhom   LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/stanhomdc   Stay Connected with the Future Generations Podcast:   Instagram:  https://www.instagram.com/futuregenpodcast   Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/futuregenpodcast/     About Dr. Sherri Tenpenny DO, AOBNMM, AHBIM:   Dr Sherri Tenpenny is an osteopathic medical doctor, board certified in three specialties. She was the full-time Emergency Medicine physician and Director of a Level II Trauma center from 1986 to 1998. She is the founder of Tenpenny Integrative Medical Center, a medical clinic located near Cleveland, Ohio. Opened in 1996, her company provides a natural, holistic approach to getting well and off prescription medications. Her approaches have attracted patients from all 50 states and 17 countries.   Dr Tenpenny has invested nearly 20 years and more than 40,000 hours documenting and exposing the problems associated with vaccines. As an internationally known speaker and author, her many articles have been translated into at least 15 languages. She is a frequent guest on radio and TV to share her knowledge and educate parents on why they should just say no to vaccines. Stay connected with Dr. Sherri Tenpenny: Instagram: @drtenpenny, @happyhourwithdrt Facebook: Dr. Tenpenny on Vaccines and Current Events, Vaxxter Twitter: @busydrt Websites: Clinic: www.TenpennyIMC.com The desire to go off grid and have the ability to grow your own food has never been stronger than before. No matter the size of your property, Food Forest Abundance can help you design a regenerative layout that utilizes your resources in the most synergistic and sustainable manner. If you are interested in breaking free from the system, please visit www.foodforestabundance.com and use code "thefuturegen" to receive a discount on their incredible services.   Show your eyes some love with a pair of daylight or sunset (or both!) blue-light blocking glasses from Ra Optics. They have graciously offered Future Generations podcast listeners 10% off any purchase. Use code FGPOD or click here to access this discount, and let us know how your glasses are treating you!   One of the single best companies whose clean products have supported the optimal wellness of our family is Earthley Wellness. Long before there was a 2020, Kate Tetje and her team have stood for TRUTH, HEALTH and FREEDOM in ways that paved the way for so many of us. In collaboration with this incredible team, we are proud to offer you 10% off of your first purchase by shopping here.   Are you concerned about food supply insecurity? Our family has rigorously sourced our foods for over a decade and one of our favorite sources is Farm Match and specifically for San Diego locals, "Real Food Club PMA". My kids are literally made from their maple breakfast sausage and the amazing carnitas we make from their pasture raised pork. We are thrilled to share 10% off your first order when you shop at this link.   Another important way to bolster food security is by supporting local ranchers. Our favorite local regenerative ranch is Perennial Pastures. They have the best nutrient-dense meats that are 100% grass-fed and pasture-raised. You can get $10 off of your first purchase when you use the code: "FUTUREGENERATIONS" at checkout. Start shopping here.

In this episode of the Health Optimization Medicine Podcast, Dr. Scott Sherr, Jodi Duval, and Dr. Allen Bookatz explore what happens inside the cell when the body perceives stress or danger. The discussion focuses on Dr. Robert Naviaux's Cell Danger Response and how mitochondria can alter energy production and signaling in response to perceived threats. The team examines why fatigue, brain fog, inflammation, and exercise intolerance can occur even when standard laboratory testing appears normal, and how the different phases of the cellular response are meant to move from defense through repair and recovery. Join us as we delve into: Stress at the Cellular Level: How mitochondria and cells respond when they perceive danger from infection, toxins, injury, environmental exposures, or psychological stress. Why Normal Labs May Not Explain Fatigue: Why standard testing may not capture changes in cellular signaling, mitochondrial output, or a cell's metabolic state. The Three Phases of the Cell Danger Response: How CDR1 involves inflammatory defense, CDR2 involves proliferation and rebuilding, and CDR3 involves differentiation and recovery. Stress, Mitochondria and Energy: Why cells may reduce energy output while continuing to interpret their environment as unsafe. Hormesis and Stress Dosing: Why exercise, temperature exposure, and other acute stressors may be useful when properly dosed, while excessive stress may add to the existing burden. Mitochondrial Nutrient Support: The role discussed for CoQ10, PQQ, magnesium, and NAD+ precursors in supporting the metabolic machinery during the transition through the CDR phases. Parasympathetic Safety Signaling: How extended-exhale breathing, HRV biofeedback, vagal tone work, and other approaches are discussed as ways to reduce chronic sympathetic input. The Limits of the Framework: Why deliberately adding stress to an already overloaded system may be counterproductive when the dose is not appropriate. Disease Management vs. Health Optimization: Why the HOMeHOPe approach looks not only at the trigger but also at the conditions the cell may need to complete its response. This episode is for you if: You experience fatigue, brain fog, or exercise intolerance despite relatively normal standard laboratory results. You want to understand the Cell Danger Response and its proposed role in cellular stress. You are interested in mitochondrial function, cellular energy, inflammation, and purinergic signaling. You want to understand why more exercise, stimulation, or stress is not always the right answer. You are interested in hormesis, autonomic regulation, gut health, circadian biology, and metabolomic testing. You want to understand how Health Optimization Medicine approaches cellular stress and recovery. You can also find this episode on… YouTube: https://youtu.be/0Vx79yABA9k  Find more from Health Optimization Medicine and Practice (HOMeHOPe): Website: https://homehope.org/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/homehopeorg/ HOMeHOPe Conference 2026: https://homehope.org/homehope-conference-2026 Use PODCAST10 to get 10% OFF your purchase of the Clinical Metabolomics Module at https://homehope.org/products/clinical-metabolomics Find more from Troscriptions: Website: https://troscriptions.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/troscriptions/ Use POD10 to get 10% OFF your Troscriptions purchase at https://troscriptions.com/collections/our-products

Meet L, aka Agelade: a Supernatural fanfic author who's traded Tumblr deep-dives for published original fiction. In this episode, Sandra and Kasey welcome Agelade to explore her writing journey, how fanfiction taught her craft, and why there's genuinely no "right way" to start: whether you're trying your hand at a case fic or jumping into a canon-divergent story. Plus, hear how L and her buddies examine SPN's narrative legacy on the Sam Girl Retrospective podcast.You can find L on tumblr and her fanfic, including “Lustra”, on AO3. L's published story: Blackbird BabyL's tumblr post on How to Write a Case Fic~~~We're taking you for a spin in Baby's backseat.Dean's House Rules - Driver picks the music, shotgun shuts his cakehole, and the ones in the back enjoy the ride... idling in the Impala.~~~~~TL;DR - If you can't be bothered clicking on all the things in this description, just visit our website: idlingintheimpala.comWe'd love to hear your thoughts. Send us an email (idlingintheimpala@gmail.com)!All the Socials and AO3 and Fiction links: https://linktr.ee/idlingintheimpalapodcastOur Discord #backseat Channel.Interested in being a guest on the podcast? Give us some info about you here so we can connect.Feel inclined to leave us a tip for all this AWESOME content? Visit our Ko-fi page. Monthly supporters will get special behind-the-scenes perks!We've got podcast merch for our fellow idlers. Take a look!~~~~~Charities IITI Supports: Check out the Causes, ‘cause page on our website for the whys:World Central Kitchen and Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF)~~~~~For Those in the US: Educate and Empower Yourself, Find Ways to Take ActionSupport Basic Human Rights - American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)Prioritize Your Mental Health - National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI)Thrive (Not Just Survive) After Abuse - Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network (RAINN)  ~~~~~LGBTQ+ CharitiesSwitchboard LGBT UKThe Trevor Project - USA and Global~~~~~Our podcast occasionally incorporates brief excerpts from the CW television show "Supernatural" for transformative commentary and analysis. This use falls under the Fair Use doctrine codified in Section 107 of the United States Copyright Act. The included clips are short, constituting only a minuscule portion of the original work, and illustrate specific points within our critical commentary. Our podcast does not compete with the show's market. This use promotes public discourse and understanding of the work, strengthening its cultural significance.~~~Chapter Timestamps00:00:00 - Intro00:02:32 - When did L get into Supernatural00:16:15 - The brother for L00:24:37 - Thoughts on the show00:44:59 - Mechanisms and phobias00:52:26 - Sam Girl podcast co-hosts01:05:20 - The trouble with angels01:09:07 - Crafting a fanfic before the canon01:22:50 - Recently published works by L01:30:50 - Kasey has MORE questions01:36:38 - Final thoughts and outro~~~Supernatural fan podcast, Supernatural character analysis, Supernatural fandom, SPN Family, Supernatural fanfic, Supernatural fanfiction, Supernatural podfics

Commentary by Dr. Jian'an Wang.

What if the key to healing trauma, addiction, depression, and other deeply rooted emotional patterns lies beyond the tools of conventional medicine? In this fascinating episode, we sit down with Dr. Jeff McNairy, Chief Medical Officer at Rythmia and a pioneer at the intersection of Western psychology and indigenous plant medicine, to explore the transformative potential of ayahuasca. Dr. Jeff explains how this powerful medicine may influence the brain, including synaptic plasticity, while emphasizing the critical importance of safety, screening, intention, and the “set and setting” surrounding the experience. He also shares insights into trauma, women's emotional health, supporting highly sensitive people, and why some individuals may be drawn to plant medicine after conventional approaches haven't delivered lasting results. Whether you're curious about ayahuasca or simply interested in the future of mental and emotional healing, this conversation offers a thought-provoking look at what may be possible when we expand the definition of medicine.Dr. Jeff McNairy, Psy.D., M.P.H. is a pioneer in the mental health revolution and Chief Medical Officer at Rythmia, the world's first and only medically licensed ayahuasca retreat. With over 18,000 success stories and a 98% transformation rate, Dr. Jeff is leading the healing work at Rythmia, guiding people from all walks of life - including doctors, veterans, therapists, and those who have tried everything else toward emotional breakthroughs, recovery from trauma, and lasting transformation.Supported by influential figures such as Kelly Slater, MLK III, Jack Canfield and comedian Ron White, who serve on the board, along with Hollywood A-listers like Terrence Howard, Rythmia helps individuals reconnect with their true selves in a way that traditional medicine often overlooks. For over 25 years, Dr. Jeff has worked at the intersection of Western psychology and indigenous medicine, helping thousands break free from PTSD, addiction, and depression. As a former Clinical Director of Passages Malibu, the world's most successful luxury rehab center, he's seen firsthand where traditional treatments fail - leading him to explore the power of alternative therapies.SHOW NOTES:0:48 Welcome to the podcast!2:47 ABout Dr. Jeff McNairy3:50 Welcome him to the show!4:40 Why Ayahuasca?5:55 About Iboga7:13 How Ayahuasca works9:24 Who it's not for12:25 Pre-trip cardiac work-up 14:28 Safety at Rythmia15:16 Schizophrenia17:19 Indigenous cultural practices19:15 When Westerners take Aya19:59 About Shamanism22:49 Importance of Set & Setting25:26 Abuse & trauma in plant medicine28:27 Women's emotional & mental health30:49 First discovery of Ayahuasca33:31 Mechanisms of Action36:50 Synaptic plasticity37:55 Purging on Ayahuasca44:39 How to prepare for visiting Rythmia47:20 The main reasons people do Aya51:30 Rythmia facilities & schedule57:08 Supporting Empaths1:07:25 Dosing Aya1:11:40 Where to learn more1:15:24 Ayahuasca in a nutshell1:16:40 Thanks for tuning in!RESOURCES:Website: RythmiaFacebookInstagramTikTokYouTubeSupport this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/biohacker-babes-podcast/donationsAdvertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brands

Hay pacientes con daño cerebral que tienen fuerza, movilidad o equilibrio suficientes para hacer mucho más de lo que finalmente consiguen en su vida diaria. Y otros, aparentemente más afectados, terminan siendo mucho más independientes. ¿Qué explica esa discrepancia? En este episodio utilizamos el concepto pedagógico de "fenotipo premotor" para explorar todo lo que ocurre entre disponer de movimiento y conseguir convertirlo en una acción: selección, preparación, secuenciación, predicción, aprendizaje, automatización y transferencia. Hablamos de corteza premotora, complejo motor suplementario, sinergias, aprendizaje explícito e implícito, retención, generalización y de por qué a veces "da un paso largo” funciona mejor que “extiende la rodilla”. También revisamos estrategias clínicas y tecnologías que podrían ayudarnos cuando el verdadero problema no está simplemente en la fuerza o el tono. Porque en neurorrehabilitación no basta con conseguir más movimiento: necesitamos conseguir que ese movimiento se convierta en una acción útil, estable, transferible y autónoma. Referencias del episodio: 1. Antenucci, P., Moura, J., Bhatia, K. P., Rocchi, L., & Latorre, A. (2026). The Bereitschaftspotential in Voluntary Movement and Movement Disorders: Potential, Limitations and New Perspectives. Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, 187, 2111895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111895 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42013765/). 2. Ariani, G., Shahbazi, M., & Diedrichsen, J. (2025). Cortical Areas for Planning Sequences before and during Movement. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 45(3), e1300242024. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1300-24.2024 (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11735648/). 3. Boyd, L., & Winstein, C. (2006). Explicit information interferes with implicit motor learning of both continuous and discrete movement tasks after stroke. Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPT, 30(2), 46–59. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.npt.0000282566.48050.9b (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16796767/). 4. Branscheidt, M., Hadjiosif, A. M., Anaya, M. A., Keller, J., Widmer, M., Runnalls, K. D., Luft, A. R., Bastian, A. J., Krakauer, J. W., & Celnik, P. A. (2025). Reinforcement Learning is Impaired in the Sub-acute Post-stroke Period. Neurorehabilitation and neural repair, 39(4), 297–311. https://doi.org/10.1177/15459683241304352 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39849897/). 5. Cattaneo, L., Nunes, S., Giampiccolo, D., Caro, V. D., Basaldella, F., Badari, A., Tagliaferri, M., Squintani, G., & Sala, F. (2025). Anatomical characterization of premotor-motor connectivity in humans by paired intraoperative direct cortical stimulation. NeuroImage, 324, 121621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121621 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41314273/). 6. Demeco, A., Marotta, N., Lentini, M. P., Fratto, C., Loiarro, G., Frizziero, A., Salerno, A., Cerasa, A., de Sire, A., & Ammendolia, A. (2026). Mental simulation practices in stroke rehabilitation reorganize brain connectivity: a systematic review. Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association, 35(9), 108719. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2026.108719 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42537726/). 7. Denyer, R., Greenhouse, I., & Boyd, L. A. (2023). PMd and action preparation: bridging insights between TMS and single neuron research. Trends in cognitive sciences, 27(8), 759–772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2023.05.001 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37244800/). 8. Fridman, E. A., Hanakawa, T., Chung, M., Hummel, F., Leiguarda, R. C., & Cohen, L. G. (2004). Reorganization of the human ipsilesional premotor cortex after stroke. Brain : a journal of neurology, 127(Pt 4), 747–758. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awh082 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14749291/). 9. Fried, I., Katz, A., McCarthy, G., Sass, K. J., Williamson, P., Spencer, S. S., & Spencer, D. D. (1991). Functional organization of human supplementary motor cortex studied by electrical stimulation. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 11(11), 3656–3666. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.11-11-03656.1991 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1941101/). 10. Fu, Y., Wang, W., Yan, Q., Song, J., Li, Y., Zhu, C., Chai, S. C., Subramaniam, P., Yao, L., & Singh, D. K. A. (2026). Comparative effects of transcranial direct and alternating current stimulation combined with cognitive-motor dual-task training on functional and cognitive recovery in stroke survivors. Frontiers in neurology, 17, 1720429. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2026.1720429 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41725712/). 11. Garcea, F. E., & Buxbaum, L. J. (2023). Mechanisms and neuroanatomy of response selection in tool and non-tool action tasks: Evidence from left-hemisphere stroke. Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior, 167, 335–350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2023.06.012 (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10543550/). 12. Genkin, M., Shenoy, K. V., Chandrasekaran, C., & Engel, T. A. (2025). The dynamics and geometry of choice in the premotor cortex. Nature, 645(8079), 168–176. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09199-1 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40562938/). 13. Jahfari, S., Waldorp, L., van den Wildenberg, W. P., Scholte, H. S., Ridderinkhof, K. R., & Forstmann, B. U. (2011). Effective connectivity reveals important roles for both the hyperdirect (fronto-subthalamic) and the indirect (fronto-striatal-pallidal) fronto-basal ganglia pathways during response inhibition. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 31(18), 6891–6899. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5253-10.2011 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21543619/). 14. Kim, M. S., Park, H., Kwon, I., An, K. O., Kim, H., Park, G., Hyung, W., Im, C. H., & Shin, J. H. (2025). Efficacy of brain-computer interface training with motor imagery-contingent feedback in improving upper limb function and neuroplasticity among persons with chronic stroke: a double-blinded, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial. Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 22(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-024-01535-2 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39757218/). 15. Koyama, T., & Domen, K. (2017). Diffusion Tensor Fractional Anisotropy in the Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus Correlates with Functional Independence Measure Cognition Scores in Patients with Cerebral Infarction. Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association, 26(8), 1704–1711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.03.034 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28478977/). 16. Liepmann, H. (1900). Das Krankheitsbild der Apraxie (Motorische asymbolie): Auf Grund eines Falles von einseitiger Apraxie. Monatschrift für Psychiatrie und Neurologie, 8, 15-44 (https://www.mpi.nl/publications/item2354912/das-krankheitsbild-der-apraxie-motorische-asymbolie-auf-grund-eines-falles). 17. Meehan, S. K., Randhawa, B., Wessel, B., & Boyd, L. A. (2011). Implicit sequence-specific motor learning after subcortical stroke is associated with increased prefrontal brain activations: an fMRI study. Human brain mapping, 32(2), 290–303. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.21019 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20725908/). 18. Mihara, M., Hattori, N., Hatakenaka, M., Yagura, H., Kawano, T., Hino, T., & Miyai, I. (2013). Near-infrared spectroscopy-mediated neurofeedback enhances efficacy of motor imagery-based training in poststroke victims: a pilot study. Stroke, 44(4), 1091–1098. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.674507 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23404723/). 19. Mihara, M., Fujimoto, H., Hattori, N., Otomune, H., Kajiyama, Y., Konaka, K., Watanabe, Y., Hiramatsu, Y., Sunada, Y., Miyai, I., & Mochizuki, H. (2021). Effect of Neurofeedback Facilitation on Poststroke Gait and Balance Recovery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Neurology, 96(21), e2587–e2598. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000011989 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33879597/). 20. Nachev, P., Kennard, C., & Husain, M. (2008). Functional role of the supplementary and pre-supplementary motor areas. Nature reviews. Neuroscience, 9(11), 856–869. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2478 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18843271/). 21. Park, S. H., Yan, S., Dee, W., Reed, R., Roth, E. J., Rymer, W. Z., & Wu, M. (2022). Repeated adaptation and de-adaptation to the pelvis resistance force facilitate retention of motor learning in stroke survivors. Journal of neurophysiology, 127(6), 1642–1654. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00046.2022 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35583975/). 22. Paul, T., Cieslak, M., Hensel, L., Wiemer, V. M., Tscherpel, C., Grefkes, C., Grafton, S. T., Fink, G. R., & Volz, L. J. (2024). Corticospinal premotor fibers facilitate complex motor control after stroke. Annals of clinical and translational neurology, 11(9), 2439–2449. https://doi.org/10.1002/acn3.52159 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39073030/). 23. Potgieser, A. R., de Jong, B. M., Wagemakers, M., Hoving, E. W., & Groen, R. J. (2014). Insights from the supplementary motor area syndrome in balancing movement initiation and inhibition. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 8, 960. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00960 (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4246659/). 24. Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Zheng, B., Chen, S., Yu, H., Dai, L., Zhang, W., Huang, H., Su, X., Cao, M., & Chen, J. (2025). The effects of combining anodal transcranial direct current stimulation with robot-assisted gait training on lower limb motor function and the motor cortex regulation of stroke patients. Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 22(1), 230. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-025-01731-8 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41163056/). 25. Zhang, Y. S., Li, Y. D., Ou, C. X., Bi, Z. T., Xiao, J. H., Zhang, J. M., Wei, J. X., Xu, J. W., & Huang, L. (2026). Comparative efficacy and mechanistic insights of non-invasive neuromodulation and motor rehabilitation on functional reorganization of the supplementary motor area in subacute stroke: a narrative review. Frontiers in physiology, 17, 1744260. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2026.1744260 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42005313/). 26. Zhou, Y., Li, X., Huang, W., Xie, H., Zheng, Y., Su, L., Xiang, H., Zhou, H., Jiang, W., & Dou, Z. (2026). Predicting activities of daily living at discharge in stroke patients using rehabilitation robot training-induced functional connectivity. Topics in stroke rehabilitation, 33(6), 618–629. https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2026.2612712 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41496182/).

Links For The Occult Rejectshttps://linktr.ee/theoccultrejectsOccult Research Institutehttps://www.occultresearchinstitute.org/Substackhttps://substack.com/@theoccultrejects?r=7auau0&utm_campaign=profile&utm_medium=profile-pageCash Apphttps://cash.app/$theoccultrejectsVenmo@TheOccultRejectsBuy Me A Coffeebuymeacoffee.com/TheOccultRejectsPatreonhttps://www.patreon.com/TheOccultRejectsBibliographyCurses, Blessings, and Ritual HarmCannon, Walter B. “‘Voodoo' Death.” American Anthropologist 44, no. 2 (1942): 169–181.Faraone, Christopher A. Ancient Greek Love Magic. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999.Gager, John G., ed. Curse Tablets and Binding Spells from the Ancient World. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.Graf, Fritz. Magic in the Ancient World. Translated by Franklin Philip. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997.Ogden, Daniel. Magic, Witchcraft, and Ghosts in the Greek and Roman Worlds: A Sourcebook. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.Stratton, Kimberly B., and Dayna S. Kalleres, eds. Daughters of Hecate: Women and Magic in the Ancient World. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.Tambiah, Stanley Jeyaraja. “The Magical Power of Words.” Man 3, no. 2 (1968): 175–208.Placebo, Nocebo, and Medical CommunicationBarsky, Arthur J., Ralph Saintfort, Malcolm P. Rogers, and Jonathan F. Borus. “Nonspecific Medication Side Effects and the Nocebo Phenomenon.” JAMA 287, no. 5 (2002): 622–627.Benedetti, Fabrizio. Placebo Effects: Understanding the Mechanisms in Health and Disease. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.Benedetti, Fabrizio, Marina Lanotte, Lorella Lopiano, and Luana Colloca. “When Words Are Painful: Unraveling the Mechanisms of the Nocebo Effect.” Neuroscience 147, no. 2 (2007): 260–271.Colloca, Luana, and Fabrizio Benedetti. “Nocebo Hyperalgesia: How Anxiety Is Turned into Pain.” Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology 20, no. 5 (2007): 435–439.Colloca, Luana, and Damien Finniss. “Nocebo Effects, Patient–Clinician Communication, and Therapeutic Outcomes.” JAMA 307, no. 6 (2012): 567–568.Colloca, Luana, and Franklin G. Miller. “The Nocebo Effect and Its Relevance for Clinical Practice.” Psychosomatic Medicine 73, no. 7 (2011): 598–603.Enck, Paul, Fabrizio Benedetti, and Manfred Schedlowski. “New Insights into the Placebo and Nocebo Responses.” Neuron 59, no. 2 (2008): 195–206.Häuser, Winfried, Ernil Hansen, and Paul Enck. “Nocebo Phenomena in Medicine: Their Relevance in Everyday Clinical Practice.” Deutsches Ärzteblatt International 109, no. 26 (2012): 459–465.Inner Speech and DevelopmentFernyhough, Charles. The Voices Within: The History and Science of How We Talk to Ourselves. New York: Basic Books, 2016.Vygotsky, Lev S. Thought and Language. Revised and expanded ed. Edited and translated by Alex Kozulin. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1986.Winsler, Adam, Charles Fernyhough, and Ignacio Montero, eds. Private Speech, Executive Functioning, and the Development of Verbal Self-Regulation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.Rumination and Repetitive Negative ThinkingBrosschot, Jos F., Bart Verkuil, and Julian F. Thayer. “Conscious and Unconscious Perseverative Cognition: Is a Large Part of Prolonged Physiological Activity Due to Unconscious Stress?” Journal of Psychosomatic Research 69, no. 4 (2010): 407–416.Ehring, Thomas, and Edward R. Watkins. “Repetitive Negative Thinking as a Transdiagnostic Process.” International Journal of Cognitive Therapy 1, no. 3 (2008): 192–205.Nolen-Hoeksema, Susan. “Responses to Depression and Their Effects on the Duration of Depressive Episodes.” Journal of Abnormal Psychology 100, no. 4 (1991): 569–582.Nolen-Hoeksema, Susan, Blair E. Wisco, and Sonja Lyubomirsky. “Rethinking Rumination.” Perspectives on Psychological Science 3, no. 5 (2008): 400–424.Smith, Jeannette M., and Lauren B. Alloy. “A Roadmap to Rumination: A Review of the Definition, Assessment, and Conceptualization of This Multifaceted Construct.” Clinical Psychology Review 29, no. 2 (2009): 116–128.Treynor, Wendy, Richard Gonzalez, and Susan Nolen-Hoeksema. “Rumination Reconsidered: A Psychometric Analysis.” Cognitive Therapy and Research 27, no. 3 (2003): 247–259.Watkins, Edward R. “Constructive and Unconstructive Repetitive Thought.” Psychological Bulletin 134, no. 2 (2008): 163–206.Watkins, Edward R. Rumination-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Depression. New York: Guilford Press, 2016.Self-Talk and PerformanceHardy, James. “Speaking Clearly: A Critical Review of the Self-Talk Literature.” Psychology of Sport and Exercise 7, no. 1 (2006): 81–97.Hatzigeorgiadis, Antonis, Nikos Zourbanos, Evangelos Galanis, and Yiannis Theodorakis. “Self-Talk and Sports Performance: A Meta-Analysis.” Perspectives on Psychological Science 6, no. 4 (2011): 348–356.Theodorakis, Yiannis, Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis, and Nikos Zourbanos. “Cognition: Self-Talk and Performance.” In The Oxford Handbook of Sport and Performance Psychology, edited by Shane M. Murphy. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012.Affect Labeling, Emotion, and LanguageBarrett, Lisa Feldman. “Solving the Emotion Paradox: Categorization and the Experience of Emotion.” Personality and Social Psychology Review 10, no. 1 (2006): 20–46.Lieberman, Matthew D., Naomi I. Eisenberger, Molly J. Crockett, Sabrina M. Tom, Jennifer H. Pfeifer, and Baldwin M. Way. “Putting Feelings into Words: Affect Labeling Disrupts Amygdala Activity in Response to Affective Stimuli.” Psychological Science 18, no. 5 (2007): 421–428.Lindquist, Kristen A., Lisa Feldman Barrett, Eliza Bliss-Moreau, and James A. Russell. “Language and the Perception of Emotion.” Emotion 6, no. 1 (2006): 125–138.Torre, Jared B., and Matthew D. Lieberman. “Putting Feelings into Words: Affect Labeling as Implicit Emotion Regulation.” Emotion Review 10, no. 2 (2018): 116–124.Self-Distancing and Reflective ProcessingAyduk, Özlem, and Ethan Kross. “From a Distance: Implications of Spontaneous Self-Distancing for Adaptive Self-Reflection.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 98, no. 5 (2010): 809–829.Kross, Ethan, and Özlem Ayduk. “Making Meaning out of Negative Experiences by Self-Distancing.” Current Directions in Psychological Science 20, no. 3 (2011): 187–191.Kross, Ethan, Özlem Ayduk, and Walter Mischel. “When Asking ‘Why' Does Not Hurt: Distinguishing Rumination from Reflective Processing of Negative Emotions.” Psychological Science 16, no. 9 (2005): 709–715.Kross, Ethan, Emma Bruehlman-Senecal, Jiyoung Park, Aleah Burson, Adrienne Dougherty, Holly Shablack, Ryan Bremner, Jason Moser, and Özlem Ayduk. “Self-Talk as a Regulatory Mechanism: How You Do It Matters.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 106, no. 2 (2014): 304–324.Moser, Jason S., Adrienne Dougherty, Whitney I. Mattson, Benjamin Katz, Tim P. Moran, Darwin Guevarra, Hannah Shablack, et al. “Third-Person Self-Talk Facilitates Emotion Regulation Without Engaging Cognitive Control: Converging Evidence from ERP and fMRI.” Scientific Reports 7 (2017): 4519.Affirmation and Counter-IncantationCascio, Christopher N., Matthew B. O'Donnell, Francis J. Tinney Jr., Matthew D. Lieberman, Shelley E. Taylor, Victor J. Strecher, and Emily B. Falk. “Self-Affirmation Activates Brain Systems Associated with Self-Related Processing and Reward and Is Reinforced by Future Orientation.” Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 11, no. 4 (2016): 621–629.Cohen, Geoffrey L., and David K. Sherman. “The Psychology of Change: Self-Affirmation and Social Psychological Intervention.” Annual Review of Psychology 65 (2014): 333–371.Wood, Joanne V., W. Q. Elaine Perunovic, and John W. Lee. “Positive Self-Statements: Power for Some, Peril for Others.” Psychological Science 20, no. 7 (2009): 860–866.Implementation Intentions and ActionGollwitzer, Peter M. “Implementation Intentions: Strong Effects of Simple Plans.” American Psychologist 54, no. 7 (1999): 493–503.Gollwitzer, Peter M., and Veronika Brandstätter. “Implementation Intentions and Effective Goal Pursuit.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 73, no. 1 (1997): 186–199.Gollwitzer, Peter M., and Paschal Sheeran. “Implementation Intentions and Goal Achievement: A Meta-Analysis of Effects and Processes.” Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 38 (2006): 69–119.Schweiger Gallo, Inge, Andreas Keil, Kathleen C. McCulloch, Brigitte Rockstroh, and Peter M. Gollwitzer. “Strategic Automation of Emotion Regulation.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 96, no. 1 (2009): 11–31.Ritual, Identity, and Psychological FormationBell, Catherine. Ritual Theory, Ritual Practice. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.Hobson, Nicholas M., Juliana Schroeder, Jane L. Risen, Dimitris Xygalatas, and Michael Inzlicht. “The Psychology of Rituals: An Integrative Review and Process-Based Framework.” Personality and Social Psychology Review 22, no. 3 (2018): 260–284.Rappaport, Roy A. Ritual and Religion in the Making of Humanity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Xygalatas, Dimitris. Ritual: How Seemingly Senseless Acts Make Life Worth Living. New York: Little, Brown Spark, 2022.Also want to remind people about the website, if you're into reading we have tons of information by multiple contributors, and we got t-shirts up on the site if you're interested. Fun fact, the art is all based on the eyeball. 

In this episode, we're joined by Dr. Niels Niethard from the University of Tübingen to explore what sleep looks like at the level of cortical microcircuits — and how excitation and inhibition are dynamically reconfigured across brain states.Niels walks us through how excitatory pyramidal neurons interact with distinct inhibitory interneuron populations, including somatostatin (SST) and parvalbumin (PV) cells. We discuss how these cell-type-specific interactions shift from wakefulness to non-REM sleep and into REM, creating fundamentally different circuit configurations across sleep stages.We discuss how sleep spindles, slow oscillations, and REM sleep each create distinct configurations of dendritic and somatic inhibition. Niels explains how spindle timing relative to slow oscillation peaks influences synaptic plasticity and how these processes support selective memory consolidation.The conversation also touches on his work on synaptic downscaling in cortical and hypothalamic networks, the potential link between AMPA receptor regulation and sleep pressure, and how sleep interacts with feeding-related circuits and metabolic state in mice.This episode offers a detailed, cell-type-specific perspective on how excitation and inhibition are balanced across sleep stages, revealing the microcircuit mechanisms underlying memory, synaptic downscaling, and brain homeostasis.Find out more about Dr. Niethard's lab and see relevant publications below:Cortical circuit activity underlying sleep slow oscillations and spindles. PNAS, 2018Slow-wave sleep drives sleep-dependent renormalization of synaptic AMPA receptor levels in the hypothalamus. PLOS Biolology, 2024Cell-type specific dynamics of calcium activity in cortical circuits over the course of slow wave sleep and rapid eye movement sleep. Journal of Neuroscience, 2021Check out our NaPS website to find out more about the podcast, our research and events. This recording is the property of the Sleep Science Podcast and not for resale.

Register free at https://geneticsurvival.com/  to watch the full Unbreakable stream Stay informed on current events, visit www.NaturalNews.com  - Professor Zhang Interview Preview (0:10) - New Genetic Survival Course Announcement (3:15) - AI-Generated Visual Demonstrations (5:13) - The Unbreakable Music Video (7:17) - Mechanisms of Genetic Repair (28:11) - American Food and Healthcare Systems (121:33) Watch more independent videos at http://www.brighteon.com/channel/hrreport  ▶️ Support our mission by shopping at the Health Ranger Store - https://www.healthrangerstore.com ▶️ Check out exclusive deals and special offers at https://rangerdeals.com ▶️ Sign up for our newsletter to stay informed: https://www.naturalnews.com/Readerregistration.html Watch more exclusive videos here:

Want to get even more jacked? Grab the RP Hypertrophy App for your training, and maximize your gym efforts with the RP Diet Coach App to nail your nutrition.   Dr. Pak's Links: Website: drpak.com Instagram: @dr__pak YouTube: @Dr__Pak Book: Train Smarter, Not Longer Timestamps 00:00 Knicks, the World Cup, and European sports culture 07:46 Is one set enough to build muscle? 11:28 What the research says about volume and strength 14:33 Low-volume training for muscle and health 18:58 Mechanisms versus real-world training outcomes 21:17 Building muscle versus maintaining it 28:47 Progressive overload and ramping up volume 34:54 Strength gains versus muscle growth 40:01 Why all-out intensity is romanticized 47:13 Practical volume and intensity takeaways  

This content has been developed for healthcare professionals only. Patients who seek health information should consult with their physician or relevant patient advocacy groups.For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, slides, and complete CME/MOC/NCPD/AAPA information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at PeerView.com/JMM865. CME/MOC/NCPD/AAPA credit will be available until August 16, 2027.Next-Generation Strategies in Advanced Ovarian Cancer: Are You Prepared to Harness Novel Mechanisms of Action and the Latest Therapeutic Innovations? In support of improving patient care, PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education, is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team.SupportThis educational activity is supported by independent medical education grants from Corcept Therapeutics, Inc. and Verastem Oncology.Disclosure information is available at the beginning of the video presentation.

This content has been developed for healthcare professionals only. Patients who seek health information should consult with their physician or relevant patient advocacy groups.For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, slides, and complete CME/MOC/NCPD/AAPA information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at PeerView.com/JMM865. CME/MOC/NCPD/AAPA credit will be available until August 16, 2027.Next-Generation Strategies in Advanced Ovarian Cancer: Are You Prepared to Harness Novel Mechanisms of Action and the Latest Therapeutic Innovations? In support of improving patient care, PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education, is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team.SupportThis educational activity is supported by independent medical education grants from Corcept Therapeutics, Inc. and Verastem Oncology.Disclosure information is available at the beginning of the video presentation.

This content has been developed for healthcare professionals only. Patients who seek health information should consult with their physician or relevant patient advocacy groups.For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, slides, and complete CME/MOC/NCPD/AAPA information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at PeerView.com/JMM865. CME/MOC/NCPD/AAPA credit will be available until August 16, 2027.Next-Generation Strategies in Advanced Ovarian Cancer: Are You Prepared to Harness Novel Mechanisms of Action and the Latest Therapeutic Innovations? In support of improving patient care, PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education, is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team.SupportThis educational activity is supported by independent medical education grants from Corcept Therapeutics, Inc. and Verastem Oncology.Disclosure information is available at the beginning of the video presentation.

This content has been developed for healthcare professionals only. Patients who seek health information should consult with their physician or relevant patient advocacy groups.For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, slides, and complete CME/MOC/NCPD/AAPA information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at PeerView.com/JMM865. CME/MOC/NCPD/AAPA credit will be available until August 16, 2027.Next-Generation Strategies in Advanced Ovarian Cancer: Are You Prepared to Harness Novel Mechanisms of Action and the Latest Therapeutic Innovations? In support of improving patient care, PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education, is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team.SupportThis educational activity is supported by independent medical education grants from Corcept Therapeutics, Inc. and Verastem Oncology.Disclosure information is available at the beginning of the video presentation.

In this episode, my guest is Dr. Roger Seheult, MD, is a physician quadruple board-certified in internal medicine, pulmonary disease, critical care medicine, and sleep medicine, an Associate Clinical Professor at the University of California, Riverside School of Medicine, an Assistant Clinical Professor at Loma Linda University, and the co-founder of MedCram. Today, he explains why vitamin D levels strongly predicted COVID-19 outcomes while vitamin D supplementation largely failed to reproduce the benefit, and makes the case that vitamin D is a marker for sunlight exposure rather than the primary mechanism behind it. He describes the near-infrared portion of sunlight which penetrates through the human body, and the hypothesis that it stimulates melatonin produced inside mitochondria, where it acts as a local antioxidant. We discuss randomized trials of infrared light in hospitalized and ICU patients, why greenery reflects infrared while concrete absorbs it, the Green Heart Louisville tree-planting trial, evidence that bright light at night predicts higher mortality, the NEWSTART framework, the Adventist Health Study, and published research on faith, forgiveness, and health. FULL SHOW NOTES: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1uJxnUa3ifCtHbE11v3iQwgTD1-nQD90-PttuS5NN640/edit?usp=sharing Sponsor: Solius https://shop.solius.com/JONATHANJ Code: JONATHANJ   About this guest:Med Cram: https://www.medcram.com/YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCG-iSMVtWbbwDDXgXXypARQ X: https://x.com/rogerseheult?lang=en Academic Profile: https://llu.edu/academics/faculty/seheult-roger/education Subscribe to the Newsletter: https://jonathanjarecki.substack.com/Timestamps 00:00 Intro02:29 Dr. Roger Seheult02:59 Dr. Seheult's Love for Science and Medicine10:41 Pillars of Health, "NEWSTART"13:11 Sunlight, COVID, Vitamin-D Paradox, Dr. Seheult's Clinical Experience17:08 Extra-pineal Melatonin, Antioxidant, COVID, ACE2 Receptor, Red Light18:50 Bringing Patients Outside in Sunlight20:05 Sponsor: Solius25:14 Melatonin, Infrared Light27:13 Heliotherapy, Sunlight in Modern Hospitals,  Dr. Rollier, John Harvey Kellogg33:18 Mitochondria, Long-Wavelength Light, Metabolism, Light Penetration Depth36:03 Greenery, Infrared Light Bath, Longevity, New Data, MiEye42:29 Audience Questions42:41 Sunlight on Psychological Health43:47 Artificial Light at Night, Longevity, Mortality47:32 Cloud Coverage, Light Exposure49:40 New Paper Being Published with Dr. Seheult, Dr. Jeffery, Dr. Fosbury, & Zimmerman 50:37 Nutrition53:28 Adventist Health Study, Plant-Based Nutrition, Mechanisms of Action, High Protein01:01:15 Trust: The Science-Backed Health Benefits of Faith01:19:28 Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Follow, Reviews & Feedback, Social Media, Substack Newsletter

In this Wellness Tech installment, Jonathan Mendoza, DC, APRN, NP-C — Nurse Doza — explains why red light panels have become a daily fixture in his clinic and his home. He covers how red and near-infrared wavelengths reach the mitochondria to support healthy ATP production, why panels deliver solar-style input without UV exposure, how he personally uses violet light to wind down at night, and what the emerging 40Hz gamma-frequency research does and does not yet show in humans. FEATURED PARTNER LightpathLED builds veteran-owned red and near-infrared light therapy panels. Nurse Doza uses one daily and highlights this brand specifically because it offers more than a single red setting — it includes violet-spectrum output and adjustable frequency, including a 40Hz option he notes he hasn't found on other consumer panels. Shop: https://lightpathled.com Code: NURSEDOZA (discount applied at checkout) Current promo:Select Diesel Gen3 panels ship with a free stand — verify at checkout, promos change Join the School of Doza The School of Doza is a paid health-education community with live group consults every **Wednesday at 1 PM Central**, plus courses, protocols, and direct access to Nurse Doza. Start your free trial: https://www.schoolofdoza.com --- 5 Key Takeaways 1. Red and near-infrared light interact with your mitochondria, not just your skin.These wavelengths are absorbed by cytochrome c oxidase in the electron transport chain, which supports healthy ATP production — the mechanism researchers call photobiomodulation. 2. A panel delivers solar-style light input without the UV load.Most people spend the majority of daylight hours indoors under light their cells don't recognize. Red light panels are one way to add that input without the burn risk that comes with UV exposure. 3. Panels are low-friction to use. No undressing required — Nurse Doza sits in front of his and lets it hit his forehead. He uses sessions in the two-to-five-minute range as his own personal routine, not a prescribed protocol. 4. Violet light sits at the opposite end of the visible spectrum from red. Nurse Doza reports using violet output in the evening as part of his wind-down. This is his subjective experience — violet-specific calming effects are not yet well established in the peer-reviewed literature. 5. The 40Hz frequency setting is an area of active research, not settled science. Gamma-frequency entrainment at 40Hz has been studied for its effects on brain activity, but the most-cited amyloid findings are from animal models and have published author corrections. Interesting, worth following — not a treatment. Citations: 1. de Freitas LF, Hamblin MR. **Proposed Mechanisms of Photobiomodulation or Low-Level Light Therapy.** *IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics.* 2016. PMID: 28070154 — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28070154/ 2. Hamblin MR. **Mechanisms and Mitochondrial Redox Signaling in Photobiomodulation.** *Photochemistry and Photobiology.* 2018. PMID: 29164625 — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29164625/ 3. Maghfour J, Ozog DM, Mineroff J, Jagdeo J, Kohli I, Lim HW. **Photobiomodulation CME Part I: Overview and Mechanism of Action.** *Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.* 2024. PMID: 38309304 — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38309304/ 4. Nairuz T, Cho S, Lee JH. **Photobiomodulation Therapy on Brain: Pioneering an Innovative Approach to Revolutionize Cognitive Dynamics.** *Cells.* 2024. PMID: 38891098 — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38891098/ 5. Iaccarino HF, Singer AC, Martorell AJ, et al. **Gamma frequency entrainment attenuates amyloid load and modifies microglia.** *Nature.* 2016;540:230–235. PMID: 27929004 · PMCID: PMC5656389 — https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5656389/    *Note: animal-model study. Two author corrections have since been published (2018, 2024).* Bonus — sleep and LED light therapy: Liao YH, Tai CJ, Ming JL, Lin LH, Chien LY. **The Effectiveness of Low-Level LED Light Therapy for Sleep Problems, Psychological Symptoms, and Heart Rate Variability in Shift-Work Nurses: A Randomized Controlled Trial.** *Journal of Nursing Management.* 2025. PMID: 40557249 — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40557249/

An approach to dyspnea (shortness of breath), including the dyspnea pyramid to remember the differentials, as well as key investigations that help identify the cause, as well as common patterns in the history and physical examination. PDFs available here: https://rhesusmedicine.com/products/assessment-or-interpretationConsider subscribing on YouTube (if you found any of the info useful!): https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCRks8wB6vgz0E7buP0L_5RQ?sub_confirmation=1Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/rhesusmedicineBuy Us A Coffee!: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/rhesusmedicineTimestamps:0:00 What is Dyspnea?0:19 The Dyspnea Pyramid2:50 Dyspnea History & Physical Exam Patterns4:43 Dyspnea InvestigationsLINK TO MNEMONICS:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-XE7PiwGgE&list=PLGNSE_HvIV4t7a33bbHN1fq-j_tge0GmpLINK TO SOCIAL MEDIA: https://www.instagram.com/rhesusmedicine/Please remember this podcast and all content from Rhesus Medicine is meant for educational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to diagnose or to treat. Please consult a healthcare professional for medical advice. ReferencesBMJ Best Practice (2025) Evaluation of dyspnoea in adults. BMJ Publishing Group.BMJ Best Practice (2025) Acute dyspnoea. BMJ Publishing Group.National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2025) Breathlessness. Clinical Knowledge Summaries (CKS).MSD Manual Professional Edition (2025) Dyspnea. MSD Manual Professional Edition.StatPearls (2024) Dyspnea. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing.Parshall, M.B., Schwartzstein, R.M., Adams, L., Banzett, R.B., Manning, H.L., Bourbeau, J., Calverley, P.M.A., Gift, A.G., Harver, A., Lareau, S.C., Mahler, D.A. and O'Donnell, D.E. (2012) An Official American Thoracic Society Statement: Update on the Mechanisms, Assessment, and Management of Dyspnea. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 185(4), pp.435–452.

VAERS stands for the 'Vaccine Adverse Effects Reporting System.' $ BTC 63,961 Block Height 961,091 Today's guest is Dr. Jessica Rose, PhD, MSc, BSc. Jessica is a Senior Fellow specializing in Computational Biology from Canada. She holds a Bachelor's Degree in applied mathematics and a master's degree in Immunology from Memorial University of Newfoundland, and a PhD in Computational Biology from Bar Ilan University. Dr. Rose has completed two post-doctoral degrees in Molecular Biology from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and in Biochemistry from the Technion Institute of Technology. She is best known for her contributions to public health and safety related to the COVID-19 injectable products, and her analyses of pharmacovigilance databases like VAERS. She joined me to discuss her analysis of the VAERS database and her critiques of the COVID-19 vaccine rollout and broader public health narratives. Key Topics: Analysis of the Vaccine Adverse Effects Reporting System (VAERS) Criticisms of COVID-19 mRNA injection data and safety Mechanisms of autoimmunity and potential side effects Data censorship and manipulation in scientific literature Historical context of vaccine liability and regulatory failures Strategies for immune optimization and health freedom Follow Jessica below. X- @JesslovesMJK https://jessicar.substack.com https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9091-4425 A huge thank you to Jessica for coming on the show! Check out my book ‘Choose Life' - https://bit.ly/4gGYqRE Pleb Service Announcements: Join 20 thousand Bitcoiners on @cluborange https://signup.cluborange.org/co/princey CONFERENCES: BTC HEL - 25th - 26th September 2026. - Helsinki https://btchel.com/ Use code BITTEN for - 10% My First Bitcoin. https://myfirstbitcoin.org/ Shills and Mench's: BITBOX - SELF CUSTODY YOUR BITCOIN - www.bitbox.swiss/bitten Use Code BITTEN THE MEETUP BREAKDWON - BITCOIN EVENTS UK - https://www.themeetupbreakdown.com/ SWAN BITCOIN - www.swan.com/bitten HODL EYEWEAR - Avoid Blue light! https://hodleyewear.com/partner/3/ PLEBEIAN MARKET - BUY AND SELL STUFF FOR SATS; https://plebeian.market/ @PlebeianMarket SATSBACK - Shop online and earn back sats! https://satsback.com/register/5AxjyPRZV8PNJGlM ALL FURTHER LINKS HERE - FOR DISCOUNTS AND OFFERS - https://vida.page/princey - https://linktr.ee/princey21m

Explore emerging B-cell-targeted therapies for immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). Unpack novel mechanisms of action (MOAs) and the latest clinical data to protect kidneys now. Credit available for this activity expires: 8/5/27 Earn Credit / Learning Objectives & Disclosures: https://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/why-target-april-iga-nephropathy-management-get-speed-2026a1000ooh?ecd=bdc_podcast_libsyn_mscpedu

Jason Brown returns for a nuanced discussion about Zone 2 cardio, walking, conditioning, stress, recovery, and how cardio should fit into an individual's life.Jason joins me to discuss:• Whether Zone 2 cardio is actually overrated• How much of Zone 2's benefit comes from simply getting people moving• The value of reducing sedentary time and increasing daily activity• The relationship between Zone 2-style activity, NEAT, and mental health• Why getting outside and moving can provide benefits beyond fitness adaptations• Looking at cardio and all training through the lens of nervous system regulation• Accounting for the total stress already present in someone's life• Why cardio recommendations should begin with the individual's available time and capacity• The nuanced debate around whether walking counts as exercise• Why sprint training should not be treated as Zone 2 cardio• Why average heart rate during lifting or high-intensity training does not prove someone received a Zone 2 stimulus• The difference between cardiovascular strain and sustained aerobic work• Why exercise labels matter less than matching the activity to the person's needs• Jason's thoughts on the current state of online coaching• And much moreFollow Jason on Instagram:@jasonbrowntrainingCHAPTERS01:04 Setting Up the Zone 2 Controversy01:59 Who Is Zone 2 Cardio For?05:05 Social Media Hot Takes07:02 The Benefits of Sustained Aerobic Work10:41 Andrew's Questions About Zone 214:45 Mechanisms and Aerobic Adaptations21:13 Time Constraints and Effective Dosing29:07 Does Walking Count as Exercise?30:53 Walking as Therapy33:20 Regulation Matters More Than Debates34:09 Plug-and-Play Training35:40 Why Speed Training Is Not Zone 237:35 The Limits of Heart Rate as a Proxy39:39 Genetics and Individual Cardio Needs44:08 Making 30 to 60 Minutes Count47:21 Assessments and Coaching Standards50:40 The Reality of Online Coaching54:49 Aerobic Training Requires Time55:45 Final Thoughts and Where to Find JasonSUPPORT THE SHOWIf this episode helped you think differently about Zone 2 cardio, walking, recovery, or conditioning:• Subscribe and check out more episodes• Share the episode on social media and tag @andrewcoatesfitness• Send it to someone who believes cardio needs to be intense to be worthwhileFOLLOW ANDREW COATESInstagram: @andrewcoatesfitnesshttps://www.andrewcoatesfitness.comPARTNERS AND RESOURCESRP STRENGTH APPUse code COATESRP:https://www.rpstrength.com/coatesJUST BITE ME MEALSUse code ANDREWCOATESFITNESS for 10% off:https://justbitememeals.comMACROSFIRST — FREE PREMIUM TRIAL• Download MacrosFirst• Begin setting up your account• When asked, “How did you hear about us?” enter: ANDREWKNKG BAGS — 15% OFFhttps://www.knkg.com/Andrew59676VERSA GRIPPShttps://www.versagripps.com/andrewcoatesTRAINHEROIC — FREE 90-DAY TRIAL• Visit: https://www.trainheroic.com/liftfree• Reply to the email you receive or email trials@trainheroic.com• Let them know Andrew sent youL1 BIOMECHANICS AND ASSESSMENT COURSEUse code COATES:https://pro.activelifeprofessional.com/assessmentworkshopevents

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If you enjoy this episode, we're sure you will enjoy more content like this on The Occult Rejects.  In fact, we have curated playlists on occult topics like grimoires, esoteric concepts and phenomena, occult history, analyzing true crime and cults with an occult lens, Para politics, and occultism in music. Whether you enjoy consuming your content visually or via audio, we've got you covered - and it will always be provided free of charge.  So, if you enjoy what we do and want to support our work of providing accessible, free content on various platforms, please consider making a donation to the links provided below.  Thank you and enjoy the episode!Links For The Occult Rejectshttps://linktr.ee/theoccultrejectsOccult Research Institutehttps://www.occultresearchinstitute.org/Substackhttps://substack.com/@theoccultrejects?r=7auau0&utm_campaign=profile&utm_medium=profile-pageCash Apphttps://cash.app/$theoccultrejectsVenmo@TheOccultRejectsBuy Me A Coffeebuymeacoffee.com/TheOccultRejectsPatreonhttps://www.patreon.com/TheOccultRejectsBibliographyCore Eye Anatomy, Retina, Optic Nerve, and Visual PathwaysBelliveau, A. P., & Somani, A. N. “Pupillary Light Reflex.” StatPearls. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing, updated 2023.Cleveland Clinic. “Optic Nerve: What It Is, Function, Anatomy & Conditions.” Cleveland Clinic, updated 2024.Gupta, M., & Ireland, A. C. “Neuroanatomy, Visual Pathway.” StatPearls. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing, updated 2022.Kolb, H. “Simple Anatomy of the Retina.” Webvision: The Organization of the Retina and Visual System. University of Utah / NCBI Bookshelf.Purves, D., Augustine, G. J., Fitzpatrick, D., et al., eds. Neuroscience. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates.Szabadi, E. “Functional Organization of the Sympathetic Pathways Controlling the Pupil: Light-Inhibited and Light-Stimulated Pathways.” Frontiers in Neurology 9, 2018.University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. “Ocular Motor System.” Neuroscience Online.Pupillometry, Cognitive Load, Attention, and Mental EffortBeatty, Jackson. “Task-Evoked Pupillary Responses, Processing Load, and the Structure of Processing Resources.” Psychological Bulletin 91, no. 2, 1982: 276–292.Beatty, Jackson, and Brennis Lucero-Wagoner. “The Pupillary System.” In Handbook of Psychophysiology, edited by John T. Cacioppo, Louis G. Tassinary, and Gary G. Berntson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.Kahneman, Daniel, and Jackson Beatty. “Pupil Diameter and Load on Memory.” Science 154, no. 3756, 1966: 1583–1585.Kahneman, Daniel. Attention and Effort. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1973.Laeng, Bruno, Sylvain Sirois, and Gustaf Gredebäck. “Pupillometry: A Window to the Preconscious?” Perspectives on Psychological Science 7, no. 1, 2012: 18–27.Mathôt, Sebastiaan. “Pupillometry: Psychology, Physiology, and Function.” Journal of Cognition 1, no. 1, 2018.Piquado, Tepring, David Isaacowitz, and Arthur Wingfield. “Pupillometry as a Measure of Cognitive Effort in Younger and Older Adults.” Psychophysiology 47, no. 3, 2010: 560–569.Zekveld, Adriana A., Sophia E. Kramer, and Tammo Houtgast. “The Pupil Dilation Response to Auditory Stimuli: Current State of Knowledge.” Trends in Hearing 22, 2018.Emotion, Attraction, Arousal, and the PupilBradley, Margaret M., Laura Miccoli, Miguel A. Escrig, and Peter J. Lang. “The Pupil as a Measure of Emotional Arousal and Autonomic Activation.” Psychophysiology 45, no. 4, 2008: 602–607.de Winter, Joost C. F., et al. “Replicating Five Pupillometry Studies of Eckhard Hess.” International Journal of Psychophysiology 165, 2021: 145–161.Hess, Eckhard H. “Attitude and Pupil Size.” Scientific American 212, no. 4, 1965: 46–54.Hess, Eckhard H., and James M. Polt. “Pupil Size as Related to Interest Value of Visual Stimuli.” Science 132, no. 3423, 1960: 349–350.Lang, Peter J., Margaret M. Bradley, and Bruce N. Cuthbert. International Affective Picture System (IAPS): Affective Ratings of Pictures and Instruction Manual. Gainesville: University of Florida, 2008.Pan, J., et al. “The Effects of Emotional Arousal on Pupil Size Depend on Background Luminance and Stimulus Type.” Scientific Reports 14, 2024.Locus Coeruleus, Norepinephrine, Salience, and AttentionAston-Jones, Gary, and Jonathan D. Cohen. “An Integrative Theory of Locus Coeruleus–Norepinephrine Function: Adaptive Gain and Optimal Performance.” Annual Review of Neuroscience 28, 2005: 403–450.Joshi, Siddhartha, Yin Li, Ram M. Kalwani, and Joshua I. Gold. “Relationships Between Pupil Diameter and Neuronal Activity in the Locus Coeruleus, Colliculi, and Cingulate Cortex.” Neuron 89, no. 1, 2016: 221–234.Murphy, Peter R., Ian H. Robertson, James H. Balsters, and Redmond G. O'Connell. “Pupillometry and P3 Index the Locus Coeruleus–Noradrenergic Arousal Function in Humans.” Psychophysiology 48, no. 11, 2011: 1532–1543.Sara, Susan J. “The Locus Coeruleus and Noradrenergic Modulation of Cognition.” Nature Reviews Neuroscience 10, 2009: 211–223.Uddin, Lucina Q. “Salience Processing and Insular Cortical Function and Dysfunction.” Nature Reviews Neuroscience 16, 2015: 55–61.Memory, Emotion, Initiation, and Ritual EncodingCahill, Larry, and James L. McGaugh. “Mechanisms of Emotional Arousal and Lasting Declarative Memory.” Trends in Neurosciences 21, no. 7, 1998: 294–299.McGaugh, James L. “Memory—A Century of Consolidation.” Science 287, no. 5451, 2000: 248–251.McGaugh, James L. “The Amygdala Modulates the Consolidation of Memories of Emotionally Arousing Experiences.” Annual Review of Neuroscience 27, 2004: 1–28.Seligman, Rebecca, and Laurence J. Kirmayer. “Dissociative Experience and Cultural Neuroscience: Narrative, Metaphor and Mechanism.” Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry 32, 2008: 31–64.Seligman, Rebecca, Ryan A. Brown, and Laurence J. Kirmayer. “Theory and Method at the Intersection of Anthropology and Cultural Neuroscience.” Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 5, no. 2–3, 2010: 130–139.Whitehouse, Harvey. Arguments and Icons: Divergent Modes of Religiosity. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.Whitehouse, Harvey. Modes of Religiosity: A Cognitive Theory of Religious Transmission. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press, 2004.Ritual, Synchrony, Social Bonding, and Embodied MeaningHobson, Nicholas M., Juliana Schroeder, Jane L. Risen, Dimitris Xygalatas, and Michael I. Norton. “The Psychology of Rituals: An Integrative Review and Process-Based Framework.” Personality and Social Psychology Review 22, no. 3, 2018: 260–284.Jackson, Joshua Conrad, Brock Bastian, and others. “Synchrony and Physiological Arousal Increase Cohesion and Cooperation in Large Naturalistic Groups.” Scientific Reports 8, 2018.McCauley, Robert N., and E. Thomas Lawson. Bringing Ritual to Mind: Psychological Foundations of Cultural Forms. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.Rappaport, Roy A. Ritual and Religion in the Making of Humanity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.Turner, Victor. The Ritual Process: Structure and Anti-Structure. Chicago: Aldine, 1969.Xygalatas, Dimitris. Ritual: How Seemingly Senseless Acts Make Life Worth Living. New York: Little, Brown Spark, 2022.Xygalatas, Dimitris, et al. “Extreme Rituals Promote Prosociality.” Psychological Science 24, no. 8, 2013: 1602–1605.Meditation, Prayer, Trance, and AbsorptionFox, Kieran C. R., Matthew L. Dixon, Savannah Nijeboer, et al. “Functional Neuroanatomy of Meditation: A Review and Meta-Analysis of 78 Functional Neuroimaging Investigations.” Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 65, 2016: 208–228.Jerath, Ravinder, John W. Crawford, Vernon A. Barnes, and Kyler Harden. “Self-Regulation of Breathing as a Primary Treatment for Anxiety.” Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback 40, 2015: 107–115.Lutz, Antoine, John D. Dunne, and Richard J. Davidson. “Meditation and the Neuroscience of Consciousness.” In The Cambridge Handbook of Consciousness, edited by Philip David Zelazo, Morris Moscovitch, and Evan Thompson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.Tellegen, Auke, and Gilbert Atkinson. “Openness to Absorbing and Self-Altering Experiences (‘Absorption'), a Trait Related to Hypnotic Susceptibility.” Journal of Abnormal Psychology 83, no. 3, 1974: 268–277.Vago, David R., and David A. Silbersweig. “Self-Awareness, Self-Regulation, and Self-Transcendence: A Framework for Understanding the Neurobiological Mechanisms of Mindfulness.” Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 6, 2012.Darkness, Sensory Deprivation, Ganzfeld, and Visual InstabilityCaputo, Giovanni B. “Strange-Face-in-the-Mirror Illusion.” Perception 39, no. 7, 2010: 1007–1008.Caputo, Giovanni B. “Visual Perception During Mirror-Gazing at One's Own Face in Patients with Depression.” The Scientific World Journal, 2014.Caputo, Giovanni B. “Strange-Face Illusions During Eye-to-Eye Gazing in Dyads.” Imagination, Cognition and Personality 38, no. 1, 2018: 51–77.Metzger, Wolfgang. “Optische Untersuchungen am Ganzfeld.” Psychologische Forschung 13, 1930: 6–29.Shenyan, O., et al. “Visual Hallucinations Induced by Ganzflicker and Ganzfeld Differ in Frequency, Complexity, and Content.” Scientific Reports 14, 2024.Wackermann, Jiří, Peter Pütz, and Carsten Allefeld. “Ganzfeld-Induced Hallucinatory Experience, Its Phenomenology and Cerebral Electrophysiology.” Cortex 44, no. 10, 2008: 1364–1378.Zuckerman, Marvin, and Nathan Cohen. “Sources of Reports of Visual and Auditory Sensations in Perceptual-Isolation Experiments.” Psychological Bulletin 61, no. 1, 19Also want to remind people about the website, if you're into reading we have tons of information by multiple contributors, and we got t-shirts up on the site if you're interested. Fun fact, the art is all based on the eyeball. 

Luke de Wolf is a cybersecurity professional and the author of ‘Defending Bitcoin: Industrial-Grade Cybersecurity for the Monetary Grid'.› https://x.com/lukedewolf› https://defendingbitcoin.comPARTNERS

Several themes seem to be repeating themselves again and again throughout the Book of Devarim. For example, the nation is repeatedly encouraged to not be fearful of the formidable Canaanite Nations waiting for them on the other side of the Jordan. But the one theme that repeats itself more frequently than any other is the […]

Several themes seem to be repeating themselves again and again throughout the Book of Devarim. For example, the nation is repeatedly encouraged to not be fearful of the formidable Canaanite Nations waiting for them on the other side of the Jordan. But the one theme that repeats itself more frequently than any other is the nation being encouraged to observe the laws, the statutes, and the commandments of Torah. They are encouraged, they are exhorted, they are enticed with rewards for observance and threatened with the consequences of its repudiation. Why is it so important for the nation to be told repeatedly to observe the commandments? Why do some people tend to disregard some of the commandments and to trample upon them with their heels? In this very interesting of Parsha podcast, we learned about the hidden mechanisms of mitzvos. We don't necessarily understand how the inputs lead to the outputs. We don't understand how the observance of mitzvos elevates a person to become Angel like. But the proof is in the pudding and a pudding is very tasty.– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –DONATE: Please consider supporting the podcasts by making a donation to help fund our Jewish outreach and educational efforts at https://www.torchweb.org/support.php. Thank you!– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –NEW TORCH Mailing Address POBox:TORCHPO BOX 310246HOUSTON, TX 77231-0246– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Email me with questions, comments, and feedback: rabbiwolbe@gmail.com– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –SUBSCRIBE to my Newsletterrabbiwolbe.com/newsletter– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –SUBSCRIBE to Rabbi Yaakov Wolbe's PodcastsThe Parsha PodcastThe Jewish History PodcastThe Mitzvah Podcast This Jewish LifeThe Ethics PodcastTORAH 101 ★ Support this podcast ★

Send us Fan MailGHK-Copper and peptides in skin care, aging, and general health.TOPICS DISCUSSED:Endogenous Decline: GHK-copper levels peak in young adulthood then fall with age, reducing natural support for skin repair and collagen maintenance.Skin Penetration: Effective topical delivery depends on molecular size under and fat solubility, often improved by procedures such as microneedling that briefly disrupt the barrier.Mechanisms of Action: The peptide upregulates fibroblasts and vascular endothelial growth factor, stimulates glycosaminoglycan production, and alters expression of genes involved in tissue regeneration and oxidative stress reduction.Lasting Remodeling: Gene expression changes produce sustained collagen rebuilding that develops over weeks to months rather than delivering only transient effects.Administration Routes: Topical use is accessible and pairs well with hyaluronic acid for hydration; injectables may reach higher local concentrations but lack extensive human trial data and FDA approval for this purpose.Safety & Protocols: The compound is generally well tolerated with mild transient injection-site reactions; typical approaches use daily microgram doses for one to two months followed by off periods.Hair & Other Uses: Clinical observations indicate potential for hair shaft strengthening comparable to minoxidil with a favorable side-effect profile, alongside exploratory work in wound healing and neurological contexts.Research Needs: Expanded human studies are required to standardize dosing, confirm long-term safety, and evaluate value in neurodegeneration, lung repair, and related areas.ABOUT THE GUEST: Rahi Sarbaziha, MD is a physician in Beverly Hills, California whose practice focuses on regenerative aesthetics, hormone therapies, peptides, and interventions that support vitality, tissue repair, and overall wellness.Support the showSupport my work:Good Chemistry: Personalized, science-based health consulting. Work with Dr. Nick Jikomes directly.Affiliate Partners: Visit this link to see my affiliate partners and get discounts codes for products & services to support health.For all the ways you can support my efforts.

What causes kidney stones to form, and why are they becoming increasingly common? In Part 1, David S. Goldfarb explores the physiological mechanisms behind kidney stone disease, the evolving roles of diet, metabolism, and hydration, and the links between kidney stones and broader metabolic conditions, including metabolic syndrome and fatty liver disease. He also reflects on how advances in research have transformed our understanding of risk factors, genetics, and disease prevention.

What if the behavior you keep trying to stop is not the real problem, but a signal pointing to something deeper?Bestselling author and speaker Pam Dwyer joins I Am Refocused Radio for a powerful conversation about The Pattern Beneath, exploring what may be happening underneath overeating, overworking, overspending, over-giving, emotional reactions, shutting down, and other repeating coping patterns.Pam shares insights from her forthcoming book, Delay the Binge, a compassionate guide centered on the power of the pause. Rather than relying on shame, extremes, or another promise to start over, she explains how slowing down in the moment can create space for curiosity, awareness, and a healthier response.This conversation explores emotional triggers, relationship patterns, exhaustion, boundaries, self-trust, and how small delays can lead to meaningful change, one urge and one decision at a time.delaythebinge.com

reference: Sri Aurobindo and the Mother, The Psychic Being — Soul: Its Nature, Mission and Evolution, Section 4 The Afterlife and Rebirth, pg. 127This episode is also available as a blog post at https://sriaurobindostudies.wordpress.com/2026/07/17/the-occult-mechanisms-behind-birth-and-death/Video presentations, interviews and podcast episodes are allavailable on the YouTube Channel https://www.youtube.com/@santoshkrinsky871More information about Sri Aurobindo can be found at www.aurobindo.net  The US editions and links to e-book editions of SriAurobindo's writings can be found at Lotus Press www.lotuspress.com#Sri Aurobindo #The Mother #yoga #integral yoga #spirituality #soul #psychic being #rebirth

Continuing his exploration of once-weekly insulins, Neil Skolnik speaks with Aaron King, MD. Together, they cover the mechanisms, practical considerations, and the myriad benefits that this new therapy can have over daily basal insulin. This special episode is sponsored with support from Novo. Please listen to the episodes by clicking on the podcast player below or by freely subscribing to Diabetes Core Update via Apple Podcasts, Amazon Music, Spotify, or your preferred podcast platform. Presented by: Neil Skolnik, MD, Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health Aaron King, MD. Trained in the United States Navy in Family Medicine and certified by the American College of Diabetology, Dr. King practices outpatient diabetes management in San Antonio, Texas. Selected references: Weekly Icodec versus Daily Glargine U100 in Type 2 Diabetes without Previous Insulin. N Engl J Med 2023;389:297-308 Weekly Fixed-Dose Insulin Efsitora in Type 2 Diabetes without Previous Insulin Therapy. N Engl J Med 2025;393:325-335

Haystack Full of Needles: A memoir of research on mechanisms of memory in the decades that defined neuroscience by Louis Neal Irwin https://www.amazon.com/dp/1664140603 Lirwin.org How do we store information in the brain? Is memory a thing in a place, like a specific molecule in a particular cell? Or does learning require a process in a population, like neurons firing in a specific pattern for each experience? This combination of memoir and history tells the story of how the mechanisms of memory were gradually revealed, through biographical vignettes of the scientists who set out to solve the riddle of memory, including the author?s own efforts as he was coming of age as a scientist. It shows how individual goals intertwine with the technologies at hand to push scientific knowledge forward, often erratically, and always in the context of social forces and private ups and downs. Not only a compelling personal story with the war in Vietnam, civil rights movement, and downfall of two presidents as backdrop, this is a lucid explanation of brain function for the nonscientist and valuable contribution to the history of science in the decades that saw neuroscience join molecular biology as the marquee biomedical accomplishments of the twentieth century About the author Writer, neuroscientist, astrobiologist, educator, and political activist. Born in West Texas and raised in San Antonio, now current resident of Denver. Former Professor and Chair of Biological Sciences at the University of Texas at El Paso. Previously lived in Lubbock TX, Lawrence KS, New York City, Detroit, and Newton MA, serving four terms there on the Board of Aldermen. Recently a Court Appointed Special Advocate for abused and neglected children, and current chair of the Public Policy Committee of the Democratic Party of Denver. Co-author of “Life in the Universe” and “Cosmic Biology”, and author of “Scotophobin”

In the biotech industry, advancing cell-based therapies is not just about innovation. It's about solving real gaps where conventional treatments fall short, especially against complex, aggressive tumors.In this episode of the Smart Biotech Scientist Podcast, host David Brühlmann welcomes Jun Yung Woo, Co-Founder of AGEM Bio, who offers an in-depth look at the science and strategy behind engineered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with a focus on why glioblastoma is the right proving ground for the platform.Topics discussed:Why glioblastoma is the right Phase I indication: infiltrative growth, immunosuppression, and STING pathway deficiencies that make GBM uniquely suited to the platform (02:43)The surgical workflow: intracavity MSC delivery during tumor resection, oral 5-FC administration, and how engineered cells act as local bioreactors in the resection cavity (04:05)Mechanisms by which engineered MSCs target heterogeneous and invasive tumors through shared vulnerabilities rather than antigen recognition (05:58)Overcoming immune rejection with allogeneic therapies and the unique immunological profile of MSCs (07:32)Manufacturing and scale-up: addressing donor variability, GMP production, and building a reproducible process (09:16)Why GMP manufacturing should be designed in from the earliest stages of research (10:50)Beyond glioblastoma: expanding the platform to other solid tumors, regenerative medicine, and chronic inflammatory disease (11:27)Strategies for international trial expansion and partnerships beyond Singapore (12:41)Reframing MSCs from stem cell therapy to programmable delivery platform: the MSC 2.0 thesis (14:10)Smart insight: The shift Jun Yung articulates is from treating stem cells as the therapy to treating them as programmable therapeutic vehicles. Once you can reliably engineer, manufacture, and preserve their function, the limitation is no longer what the cell naturally does. It becomes what biology you can encode into it. Glioblastoma is the proving ground, and the platform's reach extends to liver cancers, sarcomas, peritoneal malignancies, and chronic inflammatory disease.These episodes expand on the same themes of MSC biology, cell engineering, and the challenges of scaling consistent, functional cell therapies:Episodes 179 - 180 : How Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Are Transforming Care for Diabetes and Autoimmune Diseases with Lindsay DaviesEpisodes 253 - 254: How to Source, Manufacture, and Scale the Earliest Stem Cells for Allogeneic Cell Therapy Without Ethical Barriers with Yuta LeeEpisodes 125 - 126: How to Enhance Cell Engineering Using Mechanical Intracellular Delivery with Armon ShareiEpisodes 129 - 130: Revolutionizing Cell Therapy Manufacturing: Reducing Costs to Reach More Patients with Jason FosterConnect with Jun Yung Woo:LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/in/junyungwooAGEM Bio website: www.agem.bioEmail: yung@agem.bioSupport the show

Guest: Dr. Jennifer Francis, Woodwell Climate Research CenterWhen we think about the Arctic, it's easy to picture a remote landscape of sea ice and polar bears. But what happens in the far north doesn't stay there. As the Arctic continues to warm at an unprecedented pace, scientists are uncovering how those changes may be influencing weather patterns across the Northern Hemisphere—from prolonged heat waves and persistent droughts to heavy rainfall and unusual swings in the jet stream. Today on Weather Geeks, we're joined by atmospheric scientist Dr. Jennifer Francis, whose pioneering research has helped shape our understanding of the connection between Arctic climate change and the behavior of the jet stream. We'll explore why the Arctic is warming so rapidly, how those changes can ripple through the atmosphere, and what they may mean for the persistent weather patterns we've seen in recent years—including the extreme heat that has gripped much of Europe this summer.Chapters00:00 Dr. Jennifer Francis's background and interest in weather05:22 Jet stream patterns and their role in extreme weather13:21 Break 114:31 Mechanisms of Arctic amplification and feedbacks22:57 Stratospheric polar vortex and winter weather effects25:04 Break 225:58 Summer jet stream behavior and climate connections32:08 Ocean heat waves and their influence on jet stream patterns34:33 Current research and future challenges in Arctic climate studies37:06 Closing remarks and resourcesResourcesWoodwell Climate Research Center - https://www.woodwellclimate.org/Jennifer Francis - Research Profile - https://www.woodwellclimate.org/our-scientists/jennifer-francis/Clausius-Clapeyron Relationship - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clausius%E2%80%93Clapeyron_relation Guest linksTwitter - https://x.com/WoodwellClimate https://x.com/JFrancisClimateResearch Center - https://www.woodwellclimate.org/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

In today's video I discuss my favorite mechanisms in new-to-me games and expansions so far in 2026.   https://youtu.be/7pLyT7R1iyo

Broadcast from KSQD, Santa Cruz on 7-09-2026: Researchers refined a technique to reverse skin cell aging by about 30 years while preserving cellular identity. Exposing adult fibroblasts to Yamanaka factors—stopping before full reversion to pluripotent stem cells,reset the epigenetic clock and gene expression patterns to resemble much younger cells. The rejuvenated fibroblasts produced significantly more collagen, migrated faster to close artificial wounds, and showed reversal of gene expression patterns associated with Alzheimer's and cataracts. Since long-term epidemiologic data doesn't yet exist, Dr. Dawn follows up on last week's vaping question by exploring cancer mechanisms. Vaping aerosols impair DNA repair fidelity while triggering IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha secretion. Nicotine-derived nitrosamines, reactive carbonyls (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein) are generated when propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin are heated. Upregulated cytochrome P450 enzymes convert precarcinogens like benzopyrene into carcinogens. Mice exposed for 54 weeks developed lung adenocarcinomas in 22% and precancerous bladder hyperplasia in 57%, with markers matching those show predict lung cancer years before diagnosis. The Mexican Biobank—which includes over 40,000 samples from all 31 Mexican states revealed dramatic regional variation in drug-metabolism genes driven by Indigenous ancestry. In Chiapas, nearly 40% of the population carries two copies of a CYP2D6 variant reducing fentanyl metabolism, versus just 10% in Sinaloa. The SLCO1B1 variant hindering statin metabolism is found in over 15% of Yucatán residents., where 8 million Mexicans take statins. Dr. Dawn discusses both the promise and potential dark side of population genetic testing, including UK plans to genotype all children at birth for inborn errors of metabolism. Dr. Dawn briefly revisits the recent Indian study showing conch-shell blowing reduces sleep apnea by 34%, comparing it to earlier didgeridoo research, both of which strengthen airway muscles through forced-blowing exercises. A caller from Capitola recovering from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma near the L5 nerve asks about Japanese Kampo medicine formulas (Goshajinkigan, Yokukansan) for post-treatment nerve pain. Dr. Dawn suggests the pain likely originates from scar tissue tethering the nerve, and recommends consulting the Oriental Medicine Doctor program at Five Branches in Santa Cruz where faculty can advise on herbal formulas that trace back thousands of years through cultural exchange between China and Japan. Dr. Dawn explains Lp(a):lipoprotein(a), a small protein string attached to LDL particles that promotes clumping and clotting, is a genetically-determined coronary artery disease and stroke risk factor invisible to standard lipid panels. Levels of 250 particles double coronary risk and 350 particles triple it. Less than 75 is normal. Two new pharmaceutical strategies are in development to reduce Lp(a) : antisense oligonucleotides (single-stranded RNA that recruits RNase H to cleave target mRNA) and small interfering RNA (double-stranded RNA that triggers destruction of matching mRNA). Pelacarsen, a monthly injection in Phase 3 trials, reduces Lp(a) by 80%. These gene-silencing platforms open therapeutic possibilities for previously undruggable orphan diseases. Vitamin K2 is produced in the gut microbiome. MK-4 is most common in humans. Dr. Dawn recommends MK7 for stabilizing coronary calcium plaques and directing calcium into bone. A study of hepatitis B and C patients found MK4 to be protective in hepatocellular carcinoma. HCC developed in 2 of 21 MK-4-treated patients versus 9 of 19 controls, with a risk ratio of 0.2. MK-4 activates protein kinase A in vitro, inhibits HCC invasiveness, and restores apoptosis signaling that cancer cells normally block. Dr. Dawn recommends a couple milligrams of MK-4 daily for anyone with cirrhosis or prior hepatitis B or C infection.

Dr. Martha Muñoz is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at Yale University. Martha is an evolutionary biologist who is working to better understand how and why evolution proceeds unevenly across the tree of life. Some features and branches of organisms evolve really quickly, while others remain inert or nearly inert for millions of years. Martha's research is uncovering the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, and she has discovered that behavior is a key architect of evolution. For Martha, nature is a wonderful source of peace and inspiration for her research. When she's not working, she enjoys exploring the outdoors, hiking, seeing amazing views, and observing wildlife. She also spends her free time reading, going to museums, and visiting her family in New York City. She received her B.A. in biology from Boston University. Afterwards, Martha worked as a Fulbright Research Scholar at the National Museum of Natural Sciences in Madrid, Spain. She was awarded her Ph.D. in Organismic & Evolutionary Biology from Harvard University. Next, Martha conducted postdoctoral research in the Research School of Biology at The Australian National University and subsequently the Department of Biology at Duke University. Prior to accepting her current position at Yale University, Martha served on the faculty in the Department of Biological Sciences at Virginia Tech. Martha has received numerous awards and honors, including the Boston University Department of Biology's Distinguished Alumni 'Rising Star' Award, and a Young Investigator Award from the American Society of Naturalists. She was also named a 'Scientist to Watch' by The Scientist Magazine in 2019. In our interview, Martha shares more about her life and science.

What if one of the most important health crises affecting men today wasn't being caused by aging, but by the environment we live in? In this eye-opening solo episode, Darin Olien investigates the alarming decline in testosterone levels, fertility, and reproductive health among men worldwide. Drawing on decades of research, epidemiological studies, environmental science, endocrinology, and public health data, Darin examines the growing evidence connecting endocrine-disrupting chemicals, microplastics, sleep deprivation, chronic stress, poor lifestyle habits, and environmental toxins to declining testosterone levels across generations. From BPA, phthalates, atrazine, PFAS, and microplastics to sleep quality, circadian rhythms, cholesterol metabolism, cortisol regulation, and natural testosterone-supporting strategies, this episode explores what may be one of the most underreported public health issues of our time—and what men can do to take control of their health today.     What You'll Learn Why testosterone levels have been declining for decades The startling research on global sperm count decline How endocrine-disrupting chemicals interfere with hormone production Why BPA and phthalates may disrupt testosterone synthesis The role of atrazine, PFAS, and environmental toxins How chronic stress diverts resources away from testosterone production Why sleep may be the most important testosterone intervention The connection between cholesterol and hormone production How microplastics are being found throughout the human body The surprising relationship between statins and testosterone levels Natural lifestyle strategies that support healthy hormone production Practical steps to reduce environmental exposure and improve health     Chapters 00:00:00 – Welcome to SuperLife 00:00:33 – Sponsor: Fatty15 and cellular health 00:04:17 – The testosterone collapse explained 00:04:51 – Testosterone levels have been declining for decades 00:06:03 – Global sperm count decline and accelerating trends 00:07:02 – Why treating symptoms misses the root cause 00:07:27 – The hidden public health crisis 00:08:03 – Why low testosterone isn't just about aging 00:09:12 – Why hormone health affects longevity 00:09:53 – Low testosterone and increased mortality risk 00:10:35 – Testosterone's role in metabolism and cardiovascular health 00:11:27 – Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and hormone disruption 00:12:44 – BPA and its effects on testosterone production 00:13:59 – Phthalates and their impact on hormone pathways 00:16:00 – Glyphosate, atrazine, and pesticide exposure 00:17:07 – PFAS and reproductive health concerns 00:17:55 – Environmental toxins and population-wide effects 00:18:11 – Sponsor: Shakeology 00:20:02 – Cholesterol and hormone production 00:20:53 – Chronic stress and cortisol dominance 00:21:45 – Actionable solutions begin 00:21:56 – Why sleep is essential for testosterone production 00:23:07 – How sleep deprivation rapidly lowers testosterone 00:23:21 – Light pollution and circadian disruption 00:23:41 – Foods and nutrients needed for hormone health 00:24:23 – Microplastics and testicular tissue 00:24:53 – Statins and unintended hormonal consequences 00:25:39 – A practical testosterone sovereignty protocol 00:25:48 – Water filtration and reducing toxic exposure 00:26:13 – Eliminating plastics and fragrance chemicals 00:26:35 – Why organic food matters 00:26:45 – Sunlight and vitamin D 00:27:05 – Magnesium, omega-3s, and iodine 00:27:26 – Pine pollen and natural androgen support 00:28:01 – Tongkat Ali and ashwagandha 00:28:48 – Strength training and lifestyle interventions 00:29:10 – Habits that naturally support testosterone 00:29:27 – Darin's approach to healthy aging 00:29:37 – Plants, herbs, and common sense 00:29:51 – Reclaiming your health and sovereignty 00:30:00 – Final thoughts and closing message     Thank You to Our Sponsors Fatty15: Get an additional 15% off their 90-day subscription Starter Kit by going to fatty15.com/DARIN and using code DARIN at checkout. Shakeology: Get 15% off with code DARINO1BODI at Shakeology.com.     Join the SuperLife Patreon: This is where Darin now shares the deeper work: - weekly voice notes - ingredient trackers - wellness challenges - extended conversations - community accountability - sovereignty practices Join now for only $7.49/month at https://patreon.com/darinolien     Find More from Darin Olien: Website: darinolien.com Instagram: @darinolien Book: Fatal Conveniences Platform & Products: superlife.com New Show: Roadmap to Happiness     Key Takeaway "The testosterone crisis may be about far more than aging. It may be a reflection of the modern environment itself—one increasingly saturated with endocrine-disrupting chemicals, chronic stress, poor sleep, circadian disruption, and toxic exposures. While many of these forces feel outside our control, the encouraging reality is that many of the most powerful interventions remain accessible: improving sleep, reducing toxic load, eating whole foods, getting sunlight, managing stress, exercising regularly, and reclaiming responsibility for our health. The goal isn't fear. The goal is awareness—and action."     Bibliography/Sources: The Decline — Primary Research Levine, H., Jørgensen, N., Martino-Andrade, A., et al. (2022). Temporal trends in sperm count: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis of samples collected globally in the 20th and 21st centuries. Human Reproduction Update, 29(2), 157–176. https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmac035 Lokeshwar, S. D., Patel, P., Fantus, R. J., et al. (2021). Decline in testosterone levels in men aged 15–40: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1999–2016. World Journal of Urology, 39(2), 447–452. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03227-1 Spital Clinic. (2026, March). Declining testosterone levels by generation. https://www.spitalclinic.com Travison, T. G., Araujo, A. B., O'Donnell, A. B., Kupelian, V., & McKinlay, J. B. (2007). A population-level decline in serum testosterone levels in American men. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 92(1), 196–202. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2006-1375 Low Testosterone — Mortality & Disease Risk Muraleedharan, V., Marsh, H., Kapoor, D., Channer, K. S., & Jones, T. H. (2013). Testosterone deficiency is associated with increased risk of mortality and testosterone replacement improves survival in men with type 2 diabetes. European Journal of Endocrinology, 169(6), 725–733. https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-13-0321 Shores, M. M., et al. (2006). Low testosterone associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166(15), 1660–1665. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/410754 Yeap, B. B., Marriott, R. J., Dwivedi, G., et al. (2024). Associations of testosterone and related hormones with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and incident cardiovascular disease in men. Annals of Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.7326/M23-2781 Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals Associations between endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure and fertility outcomes: A decade of human epidemiological evidence. (2024). PubMed Central (PMC12299029). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12299029/ Hayes, T. B., Haston, K., Tsui, M., et al. (2002). Herbicides: Feminization of male frogs in the wild. Nature, 419, 895–896. https://doi.org/10.1038/419895a Mechanisms of testicular disruption from exposure to BPA and phthalates. (2020). Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(2), 471. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7074154/ Meeker, J. D., Calafat, A. M., & Hauser, R. (2014). Urinary phthalate metabolites and their biotransformation products: Predictors and temporal variability among men and women. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/08/140814124330.htm Zhao, Q., et al. (2023). Male reproductive toxicity of microplastics: Head and tail of the sperm. Science of the Total Environment, 872, 162181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162181 Zhong, B., et al. (2024). Mixed EDC exposure associated with reductions in testosterone and free androgen index. Scientific Reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76972-z Cortisol, Stress & the HPG Axis Bielohuby, M., et al. (2012). Swiss military cadets prolonged stress study. Psychoneuroendocrinology. Preprints.org. (2025). Sleep deprivation: A modifiable cause. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202505.0580.v1 SiPhox Health. (n.d.). Summary of Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism data. https://www.siphoxhealth.com Viau, V. (2002). Functional cross-talk between the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal and -adrenal axes. Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 14(6), 506–513. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.2002.00798.x Sleep & Testosterone Leproult, R., & Van Cauter, E. (2011). Effect of 1 week of sleep restriction on testosterone levels in young healthy men. JAMA, 305(21), 2173–2174. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/1029127 Reiter, R. J., et al. (2021). Melatonin and male reproductive health: Relationship to oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and Leydig cell protection. Endocrine. Tan, D. X., Hardeland, R., Manchester, L. C., et al. (2023). Melatonin as a pleiotropic antioxidant hormone. Journal of Pineal Research. Nutrition — Zinc, Vitamin D, Cholesterol Corona, G., et al. (2010). Statin therapy and testosterone levels in men: A systematic review. The Journal of Sexual Medicine. Daniell, H. W. (2002). Hypogonadism in men consuming sustained-action oral opioids. The Journal of Pain, 3(5), 377–384. https://doi.org/10.1054/jpai.2002.126790 Pilz, S., Frisch, S., Koertke, H., et al. (2011). Effect of vitamin D supplementation on testosterone levels in men. Hormone and Metabolic Research, 43(3), 223–225. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1269854 Prasad, A. S., Mantzoros, C. S., Beck, F. W., Hess, J. W., & Brewer, G. J. (1996). Zinc status and serum testosterone levels of healthy adults. Nutrition, 12(5), 344–348. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0899-9007(96)80058-X Natural Testosterone Support — Botanical Evidence Pine pollen impacts testosterone-related symptoms in men. (2024). ACMCR Case Reports, 14(5), 1–9. Chinnappan, S. M., George, A., et al. (2021). Effect of Eurycoma longifolia standardised extract Physta on testosterone levels in ageing males: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre study. Food & Nutrition Research, 65. https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v65.5647 Lazarev, A., & Bezuglov, E. (2021). Testosterone boosters intake in athletes: Current evidence and further directions. Endocrines, 2(2), 109–120. https://doi.org/10.3390/endocrines2020011 Leisegang, K., et al. (2022). Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) improves serum total testosterone in men. Food & Nutrition Research. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36013514/ Leitão, A. E., et al. (2021). 6-month double-blind RCT: Eurycoma longifolia 200mg + concurrent training. Maturitas. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.10.005 Lopresti, A. L., Smith, S. J., et al. (2019). An investigation into the stress-relieving and pharmacological actions of an ashwagandha extract. Medicine, 98(37), e17186. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000017186 Pandit, S., Biswas, S., Jana, U., De, R. K., Mukhopadhyay, S. C., & Biswas, T. K. (2016). Clinical evaluation of purified shilajit on testosterone levels in healthy volunteers. Andrologia, 48(5), 570–575. https://doi.org/10.1111/and.12482 Saden-Krehula, M., Tajic, M., & Kolbah, D. (1971). Testosterone, epitestosterone and androstenedione in the pollen of Scotch pine Pinus sylvestris L. Experientia, 27(1), 108–109. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02137731 Wankhede, S., Langade, D., Joshi, K., et al. (2015). Examining the effect of Withania somnifera supplementation on muscle strength and recovery: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 12, 43. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-015-0104-9

The episode opens with a welcome to the podcast and introductions to the panelists. It highlights their diverse expertise in mineral metabolism, applied nutrition, and industry insights. (00:00 – 02:38) The discussion begins with a deep dive into the mechanisms of mineral absorption, focusing on epithelial barriers and transporters. The panel discusses how minerals like magnesium are absorbed across the rumen wall. Moreover, they explore how antagonists interfere with absorption and introduce the concept of measuring bioavailability under field conditions. (04:35 – 10:13) From there, the conversation shifts to practical dairy nutrition strategies, including how to manage macro minerals and antagonists within the diet. The panel discusses the importance of water quality and alternative magnesium sources. Additionally, they share effective calcium strategies for supporting fresh cows and reducing metabolic challenges. (11:36 – 16:48) The panel then explores mineral interactions and balance, including the concept of mineral homeostasis and the role of skeletal calcium reserves. They challenge traditional thinking around calcium-to-phosphorus ratios. Furthermore, they examine key interactions between potassium, magnesium, and sodium that can impact absorption and overall animal health. (18:59 – 24:42) As the episode continues, the discussion turns to the future of agricultural research, including the growing role of genomics in shaping nutrient requirements. The panel also addresses ongoing challenges in funding and education. Additionally, they discuss the broader influence of policy and corporate investment on the direction of scientific research. (26:03 – 32:43) Attention then shifts to diagnostics and emerging tools, where the panel discusses biomarkers and enzyme-based approaches for tracking bioavailability. They also emphasize the importance of proper blood sampling timing. Additional topics include phosphorus binders, zeolite-based diets, and unanswered questions around the evolutionary role of magnesium. (33:48 – 38:34) The episode concludes with a focus on holistic mineral management, emphasizing the importance of integrating scientific understanding into practical feeding decisions. The panel shares final insights and key takeaways for improving mineral nutrition programs. In summary, they also support long-term dairy cow performance. (41:20 – 42:38) Please subscribe and share with your industry friends. Invite more people to join us at the Real Science Exchange virtual pub table. Please be sure to register for our upcoming Real Science Lecture Series webinars. Finally, if you want one of our Real Science Exchange t-shirts, screenshot your rating, review, or subscription. Then, email a picture to anh.marketing@balchem.com. Include your size and mailing address. As a result, we'll mail you a shirt.

Want to get even more jacked? Grab the RP Hypertrophy App for your training, and maximize your gym efforts with the RP Diet Coach App to nail your nutrition. Guest Links Dr. Milo Wolf's Links: Website/Coaching: Wolf Coaching App: MyoAdapt YouTube: Dr. Milo Wolf Instagram: @wolfcoach_ Timestamps 00:00 Intro and why warmups matter 00:46 Why warmups may be overrated for hypertrophy 03:21 General vs specific warmups and static vs dynamic stretching 04:41 Static stretching and short-term performance tradeoffs 07:25 Stretching and injury-prevention evidence 10:08 FIFA 11, strength training, plyometrics, and multi-part warmups 11:42 Why plyometrics can build resilience 15:55 Mechanisms: temperature, oxygen uptake, psychology, and neural readiness 18:16 Sports-team warmups, coaching logistics, and specificity 38:29 Nick's real warmup routine and Milo's reaction 49:20 Milo's default warmup recommendation 53:07 Pain, injury, and adjusting the approach  

The Tenpenny Files – Jeff Brown shares his account of entering Canada's political inner circle and facing alleged surveillance, interception, suppression, and institutional pressure after trying to leave. The discussion examines power, censorship, media control, sovereignty, and the invisible systems Brown believes shape perception, isolate dissenters, and threaten individual freedom in modern political life...

PREVIEW for Later Today: Henry Sokolski. Henry Sokolski discusses the NPT review, warning against granting enrichment rights to Middle Eastern nations and emphasizing the need for stronger international enforcement mechanisms.

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