Podcasts about Phytophthora

Amber and Sabrina discuss phytophthora in the garden, agapanthus lying down and the transplanting of caper bushes.3:50 Could phytophthora be behind a spate of dying plants?27:54 Agapanthus and walking lily lying down instead of being upright44:57 Should potted caper bushes be transplanted into the ground? Subscribe to the podcast through the ABC Listen App, Apple Podcasts or wherever you like to listen.Listen to the program live on Saturdays at 9:00AM on ABC Radio Perth and ask your questions by calling in on 1300 222 720 or text 0437 922 720.

A week ago I noticed one of those beautiful red toadstools in our garden – the classic red fungus with white dots all over the skin. Amanita muscaria or Fly agaric – there are a few different sub-species with different colourations (orange-red to yellow, and various colours of the “dots”). This is a Mycorrhizal fungus that is associated with a few common host trees: Birch, beech and pine trees. It's not very edible – in fact, it's better not to muck around with. Some young children have ended up being poisoned and some rather risky adults (trying to go on a Hallucinogenic journey) ended up in similar troubles. But they look great, and this was the first time I saw this species in our front garden, which surprised me. Of course, I never saw the 7-meter tall Betula which really need pruning away from electricity wires… Many species are doing a great job in recycling dead materials, fallen leaves, and dead branches, and also dead trunks in all shapes and sizes. These are some examples of fungi doing the recycling job in forests – small and large and colourful. Ear Fungus is often found on dead trunks of trees. This is a weird looking, feeling, and tasting mushroom that can hardly be misidentified: It looks like a human ear, it feels like an ear, and it even tastes like an ear! This edible fungus was the very first export article that was sent from New Zealand to China in the eighteen hundreds. The Chew Chong brothers in Taranaki were the first people to send container loads of these fungi by ship. Gardeners will encounter fungi that cause all sorts of problems in fruit (fruit rots), in roots (Phytophthora), and in stems and on leaves. Often preventative gardening will reduce the problems developing. Copper sprays tend to protect a plant from Spores settling on the developing fruit. Brown Rot on Apricot What I love to see is interaction between fungi and insects. Here is a stinkhorn fungus with a decent amount of smelly, brown liquid. Flies are keen to harvest that brown stinky stuff and in doing so, they get the brown spores on their body. Those spores are distributed through gardens and forests. Autumn is the time to go for a walk and just look at fungi; I reckon they actually run this planet! LISTEN ABOVESee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The Irish Potato Famine, which began in 1845, looms large not only in the imagination of that country, but also here in the United States, where so many Irish migrants arrived in desperation. Phytophthora infestans caused blight across Europe—but only in Ireland did crop failures result in devastation so vast that the period is known in that country simply as the “Great Hunger.” Why did the blight strike Ireland, newly part of the United Kingdom, so much harder than it did elsewhere in Europe? In Rot: An Imperial History of the Irish Famine, historian Padraic X. Scanlan identifies the policies of the British Empire as the primary reason for the deaths of roughly a million people and the exodus of two million more. But Britain didn't perpetuate a genocide, Scanlan argues—its choices reflected deep political beliefs in market forces that would reveal themselves to be anything but natural.Go beyond the episode:Padraic X. Scanlan's Rot: An Imperial History of the Irish FamineFor more on the famines that struck the rest of the British Empire, check out Mike Davis's Late Victorian Holocausts: El Niño Famines and the Making of the Third WorldCATU Ireland organizes around housing and community issues across the islandIt's true: Tana French's Dublin Murder Squad series is all about the Irish housing marketTune in every (other) week to catch interviews with the liveliest voices from literature, the arts, sciences, history, and public affairs; reports on cutting-edge works in progress; long-form narratives; and compelling excerpts from new books. Hosted by Stephanie Bastek and sponsored by the Phi Beta Kappa Society.Subscribe: iTunes/Apple • Amazon • Google • Acast • Pandora • RSS FeedHave suggestions for projects you'd like us to catch up on, or writers you want to hear from? Send us a note: podcast [at] theamericanscholar [dot] org. And rate us on iTunes! Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In this episode of Farmers Inside Track, we speak with attorney Lucinda Rhoodie about the legal and trade implications of bud rot (Phytophthora palmivora) in South Africa's papaya industry.With restrictions on the movement of host materials and potential penalties for non-compliance, farmers must understand their legal responsibilities to safeguard their crops and trade opportunities. Tune in as we unpack the key risks, regulatory requirements, and best practices to navigate this challenge.

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Bei einem Experiment fanden Männer und Frauen jüngere Dates etwas anziehender +++ KI-Systeme können sich selbst klonen +++ Blumenmilben reisen mit elektrischer Anziehungskraft zur nächsten Blüte +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:No gender differences in attraction to young partners: A study of 4500 blind dates, PNAS, 27.01.2025Frontier AI systems have surpassed the self-replicating red line, arXiv, 09.12.2024Electric transportation and electroreception in hummingbird flower mites, PNAS, 27.01.2025High Potential Harm, Questionable Fire-Safety Benefit: Why Are Flame Retardants in Lithium-Ion Battery Enclosures?, Environmental Science and Technology, 27.01.2025A pangenome analysis reveals the center of origin and evolutionary history of Phytophthora infestans and 1c clade species, Plos One, 24.01.2025**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok auf&ab , TikTok wie_geht und Instagram .

Peter and Chris celebrate the start of the New Year in the garden with events, latest news stories and a look at those topical gardening tasks to get you out and about in the garden this January.What's OnSaturday 18th January: National Tulip Day, Meseumplein, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 1-5pm. Free entry.Sunday 19th January: Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 2 – 3:30pm Discover the Botanic Gardens in British Sign Language (BSL) Tours are led by John Hope Gaterway. Ticket only. Wednesday 22nd January: 11am - 12:30pm: Talk on RHS Hyde Hall through the Years with Garden Manager, Ian Bull - who has been involved in Hyde Hall's development across the last 20 years!Thursday 23rd January: Winter Lecture Professor Simon Hiscock and The Oxford Ragwort Story. Oxford Ragwort is unique among Britian's flora.24-26th January: Time to take part in this year's RSPB Big Garden BirdwatchNewsDetection dogs sniff out the deadly tree pathogen, Phytophthora ramorum.Buckingham Garden Centre's charity of the year 2025 is Buckinghamshire Mind.The National Centre for Music in Edinburgh is to get a major garden makeover by the nationally recognised garden designer Tom Stuart-Smith.Scientists at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh aim to sequence the genomes of all 72,000 plants, animals, fungi across the UK and Ireland.Applications for the Colegrave Seabrook Foundation Scholarships for budding horticulturists closes at the end of January.New UK RHS Partner Gardens are announced for 2025 allowing RHS members to access 230 across the UK and further afield.The National Trust announce the 49 recipients of Tree of Hope, aka Sycamore Gap Tree, including one of the saplings to be planted in Milton Keynes.A £5 million national project – Nextdoor Nature and The Wildlife Trust – delivers a raft of results supporting wildlife on 1,600 community-inspired projects.2024 proved to be another landmark year for the National Garden Scheme with the charity donating a record £3,501,227 to nursing and health beneficiaries from last year's garden opening season.George Plumptre, after 15 years at the helm, is set to retire as Chief Executive of the National Garden Scheme later this summer.Top horticultural supplier Mr Fothergill's have rebranded to reflect their growth, values and customer commitment.The Sun's gardening editor, Veronica Lorraine, found herself falling foul of LinkedIn's rules when she tried to promote Perennials latest naked gardeners' calendar. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Join our Mailing List - https://www.mapitforward.coffee/mailinglistJan 2025 Mastermind Groups have opened up for registration: https://mapitforward.coffee/groupcoachingIntroduction to Regenerative Coffee Farming is now Available On-Demand at https://ondemand.mapitforward.coffee for as little as $10. Why not grab a gift card for your team, suppliers or favorite coffee human******************************This is the 2nd episode of a five-part series on The Daily Coffee Pro by Map It Forward Podcast, hosted by Map It Forward founder, Lee Safar.Our guest on the podcast this series is Angela del Pilar Barrero Bernal from Bodega de la Finca in Colombia. Angela is a coffee producer and an agricultural finance expert with experience in the Palm Oil Industry.In this episode of the series, Angela and Lee talk about the challenges of traditional farming and the devastating impact of the Phytophthora disease.Angela shares insights on transitioning techniques from palm oil farming, including using biochar, to address soil depletion and disease management in coffee farming.Learn how innovative agricultural practices can create sustainable solutions for coffee producers.00:00 The Complexities of Coffee Farming: A Personal Story00:43 Sponsored Segment: Becoming a Coffee Consultant01:55 Exploring Solutions for Coffee Producers02:14 The Connection Between Palm Oil and Coffee Farming02:46 Understanding Soil Depletion and Its Impact05:43 The Science of Soil Carbon: Oxidative vs. Recalcitrant09:01 The Revolutionary Discovery of Recalcitrant Carbon10:20 Combating Phytophthora in Palm Oil with Biochar11:58 Biochar: A Sustainable Solution for Soil Health15:44 Looking Ahead: The Future of Biochar in AgricultureConnect with Angela and Bodega de la Finca here:https://www.linkedin.com/in/angela-del-pilar-barrero-bernal-460107a1/https://www.instagram.com/bodegadelafinca/••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Join our Mailing List - https://www.mapitforward.coffee/mailinglistJan 2025 Mastermind Groups have opened up for registration: https://mapitforward.coffee/groupcoaching Introduction to Regenerative Coffee Farming is now Available On-Demand at https://ondemand.mapitforward.coffee for as little as $10. Why not grab a gift card for your team, suppliers or favorite coffee human****************************This is the 2nd episode of a five-part series on The Daily Coffee Pro by Map It Forward Podcast, hosted by Map It Forward founder, Lee Safar.Our guest on the podcast this series is Angela del Pilar Barrero Bernal from Bodega de la Finca in Colombia. Angela is a coffee producer and an agricultural finance expert with experience in the Palm Oil Industry.In this episode of the series, Angela and Lee talk about the challenges of traditional farming and the devastating impact of the Phytophthora disease.Angela shares insights on transitioning techniques from palm oil farming, including using biochar, to address soil depletion and disease management in coffee farming.Learn how innovative agricultural practices can create sustainable solutions for coffee producers.00:00 The Complexities of Coffee Farming: A Personal Story00:43 Sponsored Segment: Becoming a Coffee Consultant01:55 Exploring Solutions for Coffee Producers02:14 The Connection Between Palm Oil and Coffee Farming02:46 Understanding Soil Depletion and Its Impact05:43 The Science of Soil Carbon: Oxidative vs. Recalcitrant09:01 The Revolutionary Discovery of Recalcitrant Carbon10:20 Combating Phytophthora in Palm Oil with Biochar11:58 Biochar: A Sustainable Solution for Soil Health15:44 Looking Ahead: The Future of Biochar in AgricultureConnect with Angela and Bodega de la Finca here:https://www.linkedin.com/in/angela-del-pilar-barrero-bernal-460107a1/https://www.instagram.com/bodegadelafinca/••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••The Daily Coffee Pro by Map It Forward Podcast Host: Lee Safarhttps://www.mapitforward.coffeehttps://www.instagram.com/mapitforward.coffeehttps://www.instagram.com/leesafar••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

On this week's MyAgLife in Citrus episode, UC Riverside's Fatemeh Kohdadadi discusses the perils of citrus trees being infected by both Phytophthora root rot and dry root rot and what can be done.   Supporting the People who Support Agriculture Thank you to this month's sponsors who makes it possible to get you your daily news. Please feel free to visit their website. HotSpot AG - https://hotspotag.com/crop-solutions/  

Experimentos realizados no Centro de Energia Nuclear (CENA), da Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (Esalq) da USP, em Piracicaba, possibilitaram a produção de mudas "in vitro" de abacateiros Duke 7 e Toro Canyon capazes de combater a podridão radicular (Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands), principal doença da cultura

Experimentos realizados no Centro de Energia Nuclear (CENA), da Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (Esalq) da USP, em Piracicaba, possibilitaram a produção de mudas "in vitro" de abacateiros Duke 7 e Toro Canyon capazes de combater a podridão radicular (Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands), principal doença da cultura

In this episode of 'In the Woods' podcast by Oregon State University's Forestry and Natural Resources Extension Program, host Jacob Putney welcomes Norma Klein to discuss forest health. Norma shares her extensive background, ongoing projects, and dives deep into the genus Phytophthora, highlighting its significant impact on forests, including the history and effect of Sudden Oak Death. Listeners are introduced to various species of Phytophthora, their modes of transmission, and methods for detection and prevention. The episode underscores the importance of early detection, prevention techniques, and collaborative efforts to manage the spread of these destructive pathogens. Fore more information and resources concerning this and other episodes, please go to inthewoodspodcast.com.

Nederland is hét aardappelland, met veel kennis in huis en pootaardappelen die de hele wereld over gaan en zo indirect miljarden mensen voeden. Verslaggever Sander Nieuwenhuijsen vervolgt zijn toch langs telers en wetenschappers en gaat op zoek naar de aardappel van de toekomst. Een ras dat lekker smaakt, makkelijk te verbouwen en verwerken is én weerstand weet te bieden tegen de hardnekkige aardappelziekte Phytophthora. We horen Paul en Sandra Cryns op hun akkerbouwbedrijf in Swifterbant en onderzoeker plantveredeling Jack Vossen (https://www.wur.nl/nl/personen/jack-vossen.htm) en onderzoeker gewasgezondheid Geert Kessel (https://www.wur.nl/nl/personen/geert-jan-kessel.htm) van de Wageningen University & Research. Podcast Focus wordt gemaakt op de NTR wetenschapsredactie door:   Host: Lara Billie Rense Redactie & verslaggeving: Sander Nieuwenhuijsen  Techniek: Stijn Goossens Eindredactie: Gerda Bosman en Sander Nieuwenhuijsen Vragen? Mail de redactie: wetenschap@ntr.nl (mailto:wetenschap@ntr.nl) Wil je op de hoogte blijven van onze programma's? Abonneer je dan op de NTR Wetenschap Nieuwsbrief  (https://ntr.dmd.omroep.nl/x/plugin/?pName=subscribe&MIDRID=S7Y1BwAA04&pLang=nl&Z=1317075972)

De aardappel wordt bedreigd en daarom wordt jouw frietje in de snackbar steeds duurder. Klimaatverandering, weersextremen, insecten en virussen.. de aardappelplant heeft het zwaar. Maar de grootste boosdoener is Phytophthora infestans, veroorzaker van de gevreesde aardappelziekte. Een ziekteverwekker die zich gedraagt als schimmel (maar dat niet is) en oogsten kan laten mislukken. Verslagever Sander Nieuwenhuijsen onderzoekt hoe aardappelboeren en wetenschappers de strijd aangaan, zodat hij zijn geliefde patat niet hoeft te missen. Hij gaat langs bij Paul en Sandra Cryns op hun akkerbouwbedrijf in Swifterbant en spreekt onderzoeker plantveredeling Jack Vossen (https://www.wur.nl/nl/personen/jack-vossen.htm) en onderzoeker gewasgezondheid Geert Kessel (https://www.wur.nl/nl/personen/geert-jan-kessel.htm) op de Wageningen University & Research. Meer weten?

Sab and Amber wrap up National Science Week with an update on diabolical dieback in Western Australia, suckering tree species and soil drainage speeds. 06:28  How to do away with suckering Robinia trees31:32 What's happening with dieback in WA? - with Mia Townsend from the Dieback Working Group38:41 How to tell the difference between slow and fast draining soil. Listen to the program live on Saturdays at 9:00AM on ABC Radio Perth and ask your questions by calling in on 1300 222 720 or text 0437 922 720Subscribe to the podcast through the ABC Listen App, Apple Podcasts or wherever you like to listen.

Martina und Ralf besuchen die beiden NDR Beete und ziehen Zwischenbilanz: Was ist gut gewachsen, was ist missglückt? Unterstützung bekommen die beiden von Garten-Expertin Claudia Heger. Und dann geht es in den Garten von "Tomatenfee" Sibylle Maurer-Wohlatz. Sie hat rund 180 Tomatensorten angebaut und kennt sich aus. Von der Anzucht zur Pflege bis hin zu der Bekämpfung von Pilzkrankheiten. Die Braun- und Krautfäule (Phytophthora infestans) zum Beispiel ist für viele Hobbygärtnerinnen und Hobbygärtner, die Kartoffeln oder Tomaten anbauen, ein Graus. Wenn dieser Pilz zugeschlagen hat, sind die Pflanzen über kurz oder lang verloren. Feuchte Luft und eine Temperatur zwischen 15 und 23 Grad sind die idealen Voraussetzungen, damit sich die Pilzsporen aus der Luft an den Pflanzen festsetzen. Bei betroffenen Kartoffeln werden zunächst die Stängel und Blattstiele braun. Später bekommen die Blätter braune Flecken und bei hoher Luftfeuchte kann ein weißer Belag an der Unterseite auftreten. Bei den Tomaten erkennt man eine Infektion daran, dass die Blätter welken und absterben. An den Früchten treten harte Stellen auf und sie beginnen zu faulen. Genießbar sind sie dann nicht mehr. Sobald die ersten sichtbaren Symptome auftreten, sollten die betroffenen Pflanzenteile entfernt und über den Hausmüll entsorgt werden. Eins vorweg: In den Privatgärten kann nicht sichergestellt werden, dass Phytophthora infetans überhaupt nicht zuschlägt. Das Ausbrechen der Krankheit kann mit etwas Glück und dem vorbeugenden Spritzen der Pflanzen aber gut verzögert werden. "Tomatenfee" Sibylle Maurer-Wohlatz setzt erfolgreich auf ein Mittel, das bereits in vielen Betrieben eingesetzt wird, die sich auf biologischen Gemüseanbau spezialisiert haben. Für das Mittel wird benötigt: - eine Spritzflasche mit 5 Litern Inhalt - 25 Gramm Backpulver oder Kaliumhydrogenkarbonat - 8 Gramm Lecithin Lecithin wird vor allem aus Soja hergestellt. Die Zutaten in die mit 5 Litern Wasser gefüllte Spritzflasche geben und alles ordentlich durchmischen. Im Frühjahr können die Pflanzen damit mehrfach benetzt werden. Das Mittel sollte auf die Blattober- und Blattunterseite und über die Früchte gespritzt werden. Weitere Infos im Gartenblog: https://www.ndr.de/ratgeber/garten/Wir-gaertnern-Der-Alles-Moehre-Gartenblog-zum-Podcast,gartenblog120.html Schreibt uns an garten@ndr.de Mehr Gartenthemen: https://www.ndr.de/ratgeber/garten/Dunkle-Flecken-Bluetenendfaeule-bei-Tomaten,bluetenendfaeule101.html https://www.ndr.de/fernsehen/sendungen/rasch_durch_den_garten/Staengelfaeule-bei-Tomaten-vermeiden,tomatenfaeule100.html https://www.ndr.de/ratgeber/garten/nutzpflanzen/Kraut-und-Braunfaeule-bei-Tomaten-verhindern,krautfaeule101.html Unser Podcast-Tipp: "Tomate, Paradeiser, Pomodoro - Auf Siegeszug durch Europa" https://www.ardaudiothek.de/episode/radiowissen/tomate-paradeiser-pomodoro-auf-siegeszug-durch-europa/bayern-2/13486239/

Schickt uns eine Nachricht In der aktuellen Podcastfolge beschäftigen wir uns mit den «Farmer Science»-Projekten. Dabei geht es um Forschungsprojekte, die von Landwirten und Landwirtinnen initiiert und auf den eigenen Betrieben umgesetzt werden. Barbara Früh berichtet uns davon, wie solche Projekte entstehen und mit Hilfe vom FiBL umgesetzt werden können. Tobias Gelencsér hat dann auch gleich ein praktisches Beispiel mitgebracht. Er hat einen Kartoffelbauer bei der Planung und Durchführung eines Versuchs unterstützt, der zum Ziel hat, das im Kartoffelanbau durchaus umstrittene Kuper zu ersetzten. Im geringen Umfang dient Kupfer als Nährstoff für Nutzpflanzen, ist aber vor allem ein hochwirksames, natürliches Pflanzenschutzmittel gegen diverse Pilzerkrankungen. Im Falle der Kartoffel wird Kupfer gegen die gefürchtete Kraut- und Knollenfäule (Phytophthora infestans) eingesetzt. Kupfer ist allerdings nicht unproblematisch. Es kann bereits in geringen Konzentrationen toxisch auf Mikroorganismen und Weichtiere wirken. Hinzu kommt, dass sich Kupfer vor allem in den oberen Bodenschichten anreichert. Damit kann die Biodiversität längerfristig geschädigt werden. In dem Farmerscience Versuch wurden zwei verschiedene Mittel ausprobiert mit dem Ziel, die eingesetzte Kupfermenge zu halbieren. Welche Ergebnisse es dabei gab und welche entscheidende Rolle auch das Wetter bei diesem Versuch spielt könnt ihr jetzt in dieser Folge hören. Gäst*innenBarbara FrühTobias GelencsérFinanzierung: Die Farmerscience-Projekte werden durch die Leopold-Bachmann-Stiftung und das BLW unterstützt.Moderation Gespräch: Vanessa Gabel, FiBLAn- und Abmoderation: Anke Beermann, FiBLWeiterführende Informationen https://www.fibl.org/de/themen/projektdatenbank/projektitem/project/2577https://www.fibl.org/de/infothek/meldung/farmer-scienceE-Mailpodcast@fibl.orgInstagram@fibl_focusWebsitewww.fibl.orgFiBL Focus ist der Podcastkanal des FiBL Schweiz, einem der weltweit grössten Forschungsinstitute für biologischen Landbau.

Welcome to the 18th episode of the 2024 season! Monica Jean, MSU Extension Field Crops Educator, will host MSU Extension Field Crops specialists on a hot topic episode. Many topics were discussed and some examples were diseases, insects, irrigation scheduling and dry hay making . Also, a weather update from Dr. Jeff Andresen.  To learn more and register for the live event, check out the MSUE Virtual Breakfast pageResources covered:Overview of tar spot managementFollowing the heavy rains there is a lot of Phytophthora showing up Michigan scheduling recommendations from AngieIrrigation scheduling after rain

In this episode of the Indiana Pioneer Agronomy Podcast, host Carl Joern discusses crop conditions following recent weather events and a scouting update. He offers management tips for Phytophthora root rot, sudden death syndrome (SDS) and brown stem rot (BRS). Corn fields are coming into pollination which is the most sensitive part of the plants' lifecycle. ResourcesArticle: https://www.corteva.us/Resources/crop-protection/disease-mgmt/prevent-control-soybean-diseases.htmlArticle: https://www.pioneer.com/us/agronomy/corn_pollination_success_cropfocus.html 

New developments in testing are expected to provide soybean growers with valuable information to fend off yield-robbing root rot caused by the water mould known as Phytophthora sojae. Beyond crop rotation and drainage, selecting varieties with genetic resistance, via major genes and overall field tolerance, is the best management tool for mitigating phytophthora infection, but... Read More

 The hosts discuss a significant flooding event in Des Moines on July 11, 1993, which left 250,000 people without water for several day • Current weather conditions: Recent flooding issues are improving, with river levels falling EXCEPT: Major flooding along the Mississippi River affecting multiple locations The first 10 days of July have been about 4°F below average for Iowa Widespread rainfall occurred recently, with the state receiving about 175% of normal precipitation • Recent weather events: Severe hail damage reported in North Central Iowa, affecting soybean and corn fields Multiple waves of thunderstorms brought heavy rainfall to parts of Iowa Remnants of Hurricane Beryl affected weather patterns in the Midwest • Upcoming weather forecast: Temperatures expected to rise to 90°F over the weekend, then cool back to the 80s A gradient of temperatures predicted across Iowa in the 6-10 day outlook • Climate and agricultural impacts: Cool temperatures and excess moisture are causing delays in crop growth in some areas • Vegetable crop issues: Zoom call scheduled for July 15th with extension experts to discuss disease and pest management Various diseases reported, including black rot in cabbage and kale Bacterial leaf spot and Phytophthora blight affecting peppers in eastern Iowa Rhubarb crown rot and carrot rust fly issues reported in Tripoli Corn earworm severely impacting early sweet corn crops Lettuce drop (Sclerotinia) affecting various crops, including Napa cabbage Cucumber beetles causing significant crop losses in some areas Watermelons nearly ready for harvest in Muscatine Japanese beetles not significantly impacting sweet corn pollination Onion purple blotch observed, potentially causing storage issues Conventional onion growers using weekly fungicide treatments Pre-emergent herbicides effectively controlling weeds in onion fields Discussion of how onion rot can affect different layers within the onion

Niagara Falls might not be the obvious venue for a late February trip, but each year Ontario's fruit and vegetable industry converges on the tourist hotspot for the Ontario Fruit and Vegetable Convention (OFVC). Featuring a plethora of educational sessions, craft cider and beer competitions, a lively trade show, and much more, OFVC is the event for those looking for the latest, top-of-mind topics in fruit and vegetable production. One thing the pandemic put into perspective was the value of conversations held at events like this. Whether at a booth, between sessions, or during happy hour, having a casual chat is a great way to learn what other people in the industry are thinking, considering, or trying.In this episode of AgAnnex Talks, Fruit & Vegetable editor Alex Barnard spoke with:Amanda Tracey, vegetable crop specialist for tomato, pepper, eggplant, sugarbeet and table beets, OMAFRA, about how grower concerns drive session topics at OFVC, as well as Phytophthora capsici;Ray Janssen, Eastern Canada sales representative, Gowan Canada, about the company's latest miticide, Magister;Nicole De Long, director of business and client development, Vineland Research and Innovation Centre, about the newly licensed HW624 pear and the Centre's partnership with the Greenhouse Technology Network;Note: Nicole mentions a session given by Alexandra, who is Alexandra Grygorczyk, research scientist, sensory and consumer services, Vineland Research and Innovation CentreRita Sterne, project manager, Greenhouse Technology Network, about the GTN and the role it plays in bringing new technologies to growers.Never miss an episode by subscribing to AgAnnex Talks on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you listen to podcasts.Support for this episode provided by Gowan Canada.

This is the 2nd episode of a five-part series on The Daily Coffee Pro by Map It Forward Podcast, hosted by Map It Forward founder, Lee Safar.Our guest on the podcast this series is Angela del Pilar Barrero Bernal from Bodega de la Finca in Colombia. Angela is a coffee producer and an agricultural finance expert with experience in the Palm Oil Industry.In this episode of the series, Angela and Lee talk about the challenges of traditional farming and the devastating impact of the Phytophthora disease. Angela shares insights on transitioning techniques from palm oil farming, including using biochar, to address soil depletion and disease management in coffee farming. Learn how innovative agricultural practices can create sustainable solutions for coffee producers. 00:00 The Complexities of Coffee Farming: A Personal Story00:43 Sponsored Segment: Becoming a Coffee Consultant01:55 Exploring Solutions for Coffee Producers02:14 The Connection Between Palm Oil and Coffee Farming02:46 Understanding Soil Depletion and Its Impact05:43 The Science of Soil Carbon: Oxidative vs. Recalcitrant09:01 The Revolutionary Discovery of Recalcitrant Carbon10:20 Combating Phytophthora in Palm Oil with Biochar11:58 Biochar: A Sustainable Solution for Soil Health15:44 Looking Ahead: The Future of Biochar in AgricultureConnect with Angela and Bodega de la Finca here:https://www.linkedin.com/in/angela-del-pilar-barrero-bernal-460107a1/ https://www.instagram.com/bodegadelafinca/••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

In 2023 UCANR advisors and specialists got an unusual number of farm calls on branch cankers in almonds, many of which turned out to be aerial phytophthora. Florent Trouillas with UC Davis goes over the pathogen, its lifecycle, and the conditions in 2023 that led to this outbreak.Come to an upcoming extension meeting!Sacramento Valley San Joaquin Valley (scroll to the bottom) Mention of an agrichemical does not constitute a recommendation, merely the sharing of research findings. Always follow the label. The label is law. Find out more at ipm.ucanr.edu.The views, thoughts, and opinions expressed are the speaker's own and do not represent the views, thoughts, and opinions of the University of California. The material and information presented here is for general information purposes only. The "University of California" name and all forms and abbreviations are the property of its owner and its use does not imply endorsement of or opposition to any specific organization, product, or service.Follow us on Twitter! @SacOrchards and @SJVtandvThank you to the Almond, Pistachio, Prune, and Walnut Boards of California for their kind donations. Thank you to Muriel Gordon for the music.

This is the 2nd episode of a five-part series on The Daily Coffee Pro by Map It Forward Podcast, hosted by Map It Forward founder, Lee Safar.Our guest on the podcast this series is Angela del Pilar Barrero Bernal from Bodega de la Finca in Colombia. Angela is a coffee producer and an agricultural finance expert with experience in the Palm Oil Industry.In this episode of the series, Angela and Lee talk about the challenges of traditional farming and the devastating impact of the Phytophthora disease. Angela shares insights on transitioning techniques from palm oil farming, including using biochar, to address soil depletion and disease management in coffee farming. Learn how innovative agricultural practices can create sustainable solutions for coffee producers. 00:00 The Complexities of Coffee Farming: A Personal Story00:43 Sponsored Segment: Becoming a Coffee Consultant01:55 Exploring Solutions for Coffee Producers02:14 The Connection Between Palm Oil and Coffee Farming02:46 Understanding Soil Depletion and Its Impact05:43 The Science of Soil Carbon: Oxidative vs. Recalcitrant09:01 The Revolutionary Discovery of Recalcitrant Carbon10:20 Combating Phytophthora in Palm Oil with Biochar11:58 Biochar: A Sustainable Solution for Soil Health15:44 Looking Ahead: The Future of Biochar in AgricultureConnect with Angela and Bodega de la Finca here:https://www.linkedin.com/in/angela-del-pilar-barrero-bernal-460107a1/ https://www.instagram.com/bodegadelafinca/••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••The Daily Coffee Pro by Map It Forward Podcast Host: Lee Safarhttps://www.mapitforward.coffeehttps://www.instagram.com/mapitforward.coffeehttps://www.instagram.com/leesafar••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

In this episode, join host Matt Kasson as he engages in a conversation with Dr. Megan McCaghey, Assistant Professor of Plant Pathology in the Department of Plant Pathology at the University of Minnesota. Dr. McCaghey shares insights into her career journey shaped by agriculture, the deliberate choice to pursue a master's degree before a PhD, and her ongoing research on Southern blight and Phytophthora sojae. The discussion also explores her current and future teaching commitments, the transformative impact of the pandemic on her teaching methods, mentoring and networking approaches, and valuable advice for early-career scientists. Show notes UMN Department of Plant Pathology Faculty Profile here: https://plpa.cfans.umn.edu/people/megan-mccaghey McCaghey Lab Website: https://mccagheylab.cfans.umn.edu/ Find Megan McCaghey on X (formerly Twitter): @MNSoilFungi 2023 Research Highlight on Dr. McCaghey's work on Soybeans by the Soybean Research and Information Network: Improving Tools for Soybean Breeders to Fight White Mold Recent APS Press Publication: Webster, R.W., McCaghey, M., Mueller, B.D., Groves, C.L., Mathew, F.M., Singh, A.K., Kabbage, M. and Smith, D.L., 2023. Development of Glycine max Germplasm Highly Resistant to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. PhytoFrontiers™, 3(3), pp.629-638. https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/full/10.1094/PHYTOFR-01-23-0009-R This episode is produced by Association Briefings (https://associationbriefings.com). Special Guest: Megan McCaghey.

On this week's MyAgLife in Almonds episode, UC Davis Plant Pathologist Florent Trouillas explains what almond growers dealt with last year with Phytophthora syringae and what to keep in mind for 2024.    

A common thread between the arts and the sciences is storytelling. In both scenarios you're building worlds, and creating an understanding of the mechanisms that make the system work (or not work), and the relationships within that bubble.Eleonora Moratto is the Biology Ballerina. She is a freelance professional ballet dancer, and is currently completing her PhD in plant pathogen interactions. Join us as we speak about Eleonora's work exploring electrical fields and plant immune systems, and her journey as a sciartist.About Eleonora Moratto Eleonora Moratto is The Biology Ballerina. She is completing her PhD in plant pathogen interactions at Imperial College, London. She is a freelance professional ballet dancer currently working with the Ballet Dream Arts company and is involved in SciArt projects, women in STEAM activities, long hair modelling, and historical reenactment.Show Notes (link)[00:01:08] Eleonora's path to biology.[00:03:30] Researching plant pathogen interactions, specifically Phytophthora palmivora.[00:05:22] Looking for novel solutions that prevent the spread.[00:07:33] Exploring electric fields around plants and pathogens.[00:11:47] Looking to her future in academia and biological interactions.[00:13:52] The wider applications of research in interactions and electrical fields.[00:15:17] The Biology Ballerina.[00:17:02] A SciArtist's dream.[00:19:00] The balance of the arts and sciences for Eleonora.[00:22:41] Freelancing as a ballerina.[00:25:15] SciArts in the wild.[00:28:37] Encourage the polymaths and multihyphenates.[00:30:25] Passion is interesting.[00:31:45] What advice would you give someone who'd like to do what you do, and what advice should they ignore?[00:34:05] Find out more about Eleonora and her work.Connect with STEAM PoweredWebsite | YouTube | Facebook | Instagram | Twitter | PatreonHosted and produced by Michele Ong.Music is "Gypsy Jazz in Paris 1935" by Brett Van Donsel.This podcast uses the following third-party services for analysis: Chartable - https://chartable.com/privacyOP3 - https://op3.dev/privacyPodsights - https://podsights.com/privacy

Today on Mushroom Hour we are joined by magnanimous mycological scholar Dr. Keith Seifert, adjunct professor in the biology department at Carleton University. Dr. Seifert has spent more than forty years studying fungi on five continents. At Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, he did research on microscopic fungi from farms, forests, food and the built environment to reduce toxins and diseases affecting plants and animals. He was president of the International Mycological Association, an executive editor of Mycologia, and associate editor of several other scientific journals. Dr. Seifert is here to dive into his debut book The Hidden Kingdom of Fungi – Exploring the Microscopic World in Our Forests, Homes and Bodies. In this marvelous book, he invites us to see our world as one full of microbial ecological succession, symbiotic interactions with fungi and maybe an understanding that this epoch could truly be considered the mycocene.   TOPICS COVERED:   Descending into the Hidden Kingdom   Spectrum of Symbioses   The Lives of Endophytes    Holobionts   Fungi and Human Agriculture   Mycotoxins   Ancient History of Fungal Domestication – Beer, Bread & Cheese   Rot to Fermentation Continuum   Invasive Species, Biopiracy, Biocolonialism   Human Houses as Ecosystems   Mold Colonies in Our Homes   Dandruff, Candida & Fungi in the Human Microbiome   Amphibian Apocalypse   A World Powered by Fungi    EPISODE RESOURCES:   "The Hidden Kingdom of Fungi": https://bookshop.org/p/books/the-hidden-kingdom-of-fungi-exploring-the-microscopic-world-in-our-forests-homes-and-bodies-keith-seifert/17251543?ean=9781771646628   Keith Seifert iNaturalist: https://www.inaturalist.org/people/77976   Keith Seifert ResearchGate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Keith-Seifert-2   "I Contain Multitudes": https://edyong.me/i-contain-multitudes   Phytophthora infestans (Irish Potato Famine Pathogen): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytophthora_infestans   UG-99 Wheat Rust: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ug99   Escovopsis aspergilloides: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escovopsis_aspergilloides   "When Darwin Comes to Town": https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/34930832-darwin-comes-to-town   "The Song of the Dodo": https://www.goodreads.com/review/show/12868099    

LEXINGTON, Ky. (August 17, 2022) – The University of Kentucky Alumni Association started the Great Teacher Award program in 1961 to honor excellent teaching at the university. There have been more than 300 teachers honored since that first year. Nominations may only be submitted by current students. To receive the award, a candidate must:  Hold the rank of full-time lecturer or above and have been a member of the faculty for the past three years at UK. Have superior knowledge of the subject matter. Have original and innovative classroom presentations. Demonstrate concern for students, both inside and outside the classroom setting. Not have been a recipient of the award for the past 10 years. A committee of the UK Alumni Association Board of Directors and a representative from the student organization Omicron Delta Kappa select the recipients based on objective rating and ranking of the eligible nominations submitted. This episode of Behind the Blue spotlights one of the six 2023 Great Teacher Award winners. Kenton Sena is a lecturer in the Lewis Honors College. He earned a bachelor's degree in biology with a minor in literature from Asbury University, and his master's degree and Ph.D. from the University of Kentucky. His thesis research focused on forest restoration on reclaimed surface mines in Appalachia. He received his Ph.D. in Integrated Plant and Soil Science (Forest Science emphasis), focusing on improving methods for detection and characterizing the distribution of a nonnative pathogen (Phytophthora cinnamomi) that causes disease in the American chestnut. He has published papers in journals such as Forests, Ecological Restoration, Science of the Total Environment, and Forest Ecology and Management.  His teaching and research interests include forest restoration ecology, environmental science, and literature of the environment. His service program engages students in environmentally relevant projects in Lexington and across the Commonwealth.  "Behind the Blue" is available on iTunes, Google Play, Stitcher and Spotify. Become a subscriber to receive new episodes of “Behind the Blue” each week. UK's latest medical breakthroughs, research, artists and writers will be featured, along with the most important news impacting the university. For questions or comments about this or any other episode of "Behind the Blue," email BehindTheBlue@uky.edu or tweet your question with #BehindTheBlue. Transcripts for this or other episodes of Behind the Blue can be downloaded from the show's blog page. To discover what's wildly possible at the University of Kentucky, click here.

At this stage of the growing season, your soybean crops can be impacted by a duo of diseases that lead to reduced yields and financial losses for farmers — Phytophthora root rot and sudden death syndrome (SDS). Matt Boyer, Helena Agronomist, joins for the 40th episode to provide some insight on what's causing the diseases to take hold of your soybean plants and ways to ward off the adversaries. Jody Lawrence returns to talk about the recent weather in the U.S., plus how the Russia-Ukraine war is causing havoc to the global grain market.    Follow Helena Agri on social media to stay informed:  Facebook: https://bit.ly/3pq8XVJ Instagram: https://bit.ly/347QAO8 X: https://bit.ly/3hwvWdG LinkedIn: https://bit.ly/3pwWLTh YouTube: https://bit.ly/35pLLQJ  

Tar Spot ManagementAgronomy Article: Tar Spot of CornAgronomy Article: Tar Spot Primer from the ExpertsVideo: Evaluating Corn Hybrids for Tar Spot ToleranceVideo: Handling Tar SpotWhite Mold ManagementAgronomy Article: Managing White Mold of SoybeansAgronomy Article: Integrated Management of White Mold in Soybean ProductionPhytophthora Root Rot ManagementAgronomy Article: Phytophthora Root Rot and Stem RotCrop Focus: Phytophthora Root RotFoliar FungicidesAgronomy Article: Maximizing the Value of Foliar Fungicides in CornAgronomy Article: Effect of Foliar Fungicide Timing on Corn YieldPurdue University Extension Purdue Field Crop Quick Disease GuideTime to Scout for Diseases in Field Crops: What to look for in CornField Crop Disease Update in IndianaEfficacy of Fungicide Applications in the Control of Disease in Corn Production 

Plant Pathologist Dr Bob Fullerton has improved horticulture and changed lives in developing countries for nearly 50 years. Bob sat down with Scigest while he was back in Aotearoa New Zealand to discuss his extensive and rewarding career. He talks about how his experience of growing up on a Queensland pineapple farm led him into international development work and how science can create opportunities to reduce poverty and improve lives. Links to learn more about the Dragon Fruit Network https://dfnet.fftc.org.tw/Page/Home.aspx?v=1382263207 or to watch an episode of Shamba Shape Up on avocados and Phytophthora root rot disease https://youtu.be/kWy4ezP2qzA. www.plantandfood.com/scigest

If you grow or consume cannabis, you've benefited from something Michael Straumietis has done. A grower since 1983, Michael's mission is to make cannabis an acceptable and everyday part of healing humanity. In 1999, he founded Advanced Nutrients and launched the world's first and only complete cannabis growing system that Hits the Shift and optimizes all phases of the vegetative and bloom cycles to bring cannabis to its true genetic potential. At CannMed 23, Michael is leading the Cultivation Workshop that focuses on fighting profit-robbing plant pathogens, such as hop latent viroid (HLVd), fusarium, botrytis, pythium, powdery mildew, and Phytophthora. The workshop brings together industry-leading experts who will cover both efficient and economically sound practices for pathogen management, so you can maximize ROI in your cultivation facility. Get ready to explore the science behind each major pathogen, vectors through which they infiltrate facilities and plants, and proven methods for pathogen prevention. We'll also introduce effective strategies for pathogen detection, as well as critical procedures to implement for continued facility success before, during, and after a pathogen occurrence. During our conversation, we discuss: How plant pathogens can impact growers' bottom lines The emergence of new pathogens and where they may have come fromThe importance of early detection Preventing plant pathogens with good SOPsNew Advanced Nutrients products aimed at helping growers combat pathogens  Thanks to This Episode's Sponsor: Advanced Nutrients Founded in 1999, Advanced Nutrients was the first to develop a complete nutrient system that unlocks the true genetic potential of the cannabis plant. Since its inception, the brand has introduced more than 50 innovations to the cultivation community, and continues to revolutionize the space through proprietary scientific discoveries.  Learn more at advancednutrients.com BigMike on InstagramChat with Buddy on advancednutrients.comRequest an Invitation to CannMed 23Review the Podcast!CannMed ArchiveCannMed Community Board [Facebook Group]Healthcare Provider Medical Cannabis Research Study

In this month's  bonus episode, I am joined by Kat & Remy of Frenndiagram! We are diving in to part 2 of our crossover, where I tell them all about the fungus from some of their favorite media! We are going to be covering Yellow Stainers from Phantom Thread and Liberty Caps from Midsommar! So, if you liked those movies, or even just enjoy a good fungal fun fact, you are REALLY going to dig this episode! Make sure you check out the other part of this crossover on their podcast, where we talk about those two movies PLUS current my favorite fungal horror movie!  You can listen to it anywhere you get your podcasts (but also using this link). Follow Kat & Remy! Instagram Twitter Letterboxd Podcast Sources: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_and_setting https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psilocybin https://doubleblindmag.com/blue-bruising-mushrooms/ https://www.jstor.org/stable/2801183 https://oaktreereview.com/a-brief-history-of-swedish-psychedelia/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psilocybe_semilanceata Keay SM, Brown AE (1989). "Interactions between Psilocybe semilanceata and fungi of its habitat". Mycological Research. Finlay AR, McCracken AR (1991). "Microbial suppression of Phytophthora cinnamomi". In Lucas, John (ed.). Phytophthora: Symposium of the British Mycological Society, the British Society for Plant Pathology, and the Society of Irish Plant Pathologists held at Trinity College, Dublin, September 1989. Cambridge, England: Published for the British Mycological Society by Cambridge University Press. Gartz J. (1994). "New aspects of the occurrence, chemistry and cultivation of European hallucinogenic mushrooms". Annali del Museo Civico di Rovereto. Looking for more Rooted Content? ⁠⁠Check out our corner of the internet⁠⁠! You'll find our transcripts, show notes, and so much more. *Disclaimer- This content is for entertainment purposes only. I am just a lady who likes plants, which in no way qualifies me to give you advice on well...anything, really. As always, please consult with your medical care team before making any changes to your diet or medications. * --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/rooted-podcast/support

Join us as we discuss the best management practices for Pythium and Phytophthora with Dr. Santiago Mideros from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign.

On this week's MyAgLife in Citrus episode, we hear heightened monitoring concerns for citrus Phytophthora given current moist conditions in the state.   Supporting the People who Support Agriculture Thank you to this month's exclusive sponsors as well as our bi-weekly MyAgLife in Citrus sponsor who make it possible to get you your daily news. Please feel free to visit their websites. AgroPlantae Inc. - https://www.agroplantae.com/ Soil and Crop - https://mysoilandcrop.com/ Polymer Ag - https://www.polymerag.com/

Farmers and countryside communities are asking for more support in the budget, and a new book by academics specialising in rural affairs says "The needs of the poorest and most vulnerable people in rural areas, are ignored by the Government in a way that would not be acceptable in urban centres". The group of academics from Newcastle University, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC) and Inverness Impact-Hub, have written a new book called Rural Poverty Today. For instance, it shows that those living in rural areas face energy costs 15-30 per cent higher than those in towns. We speak to one of the authors, Professor Mark Shucksmith from Newcastle University Improving bio-diversity and sequestering carbon, and getting paid for it. That's an increasingly attractive proposition for farmers. But a growing number of them aren't applying for government money via Defra - public money for public goods. They're teaming up with the private sector. Brewood Park Farm near Wolverhampton is part of a group called "The Green Collective" - half a dozen farms are working with a local company called YourPact to get investment from businesses in the Midlands. Their money's helping to improve habitats for birds, improve the soil and plant cover crops. Tens of thousands of trees in the Forest of Dean in Gloucestershire are being removed because of the tree disease Phytophthora ramorum and re-planting schemes are getting underway. Larch, which are widely grown for the timber market, are particularly susceptible to the disease, which has been in the UK for nearly 15 years. It can be spread on plant material, or in waterways and through the air. Presenter = Anna Hill Producer = Rebecca Rooney

We're a step closer to winning the battle against kauri dieback disease thanks to a team of scientists who have completed the genome sequence of the pathogen that causes the disease, Phytophthora agathidicida. Dr Nari Williams, Plant Pathologist at Plant and Food Research and co-author of the research, joins the show to discuss.

In this episode, Juliana Gonzalez-Tobon from Cornell University, joins host Jim Bradeen to talk about her research on small non-coding RNAs and the role they play in regulating plant pathogen interactions. The two also discuss her social media presence and what she's doing to fight COVID misinformation and raise the profile of science communication. Show notes The full transcript for this episode can be found here: https://bit.ly/3LMPB7r (https://bit.ly/3LMPB7r) See Juliana's social media on Instagram, YouTube, Twitter, TicToc: @epiplantpath Juliana Gonzaělez-Toboěn, Alejandra Rodriěguez-Jaramillo, Laura Milena Forero, Laura Natalia Gonzaělez, Giovanna Danies, and Silvia Restrepo (bioRxiv preprint), Evaluation of small non-coding RNAs as a possible epigenetic mechanism mediating the transition from biotrophy to necrotrophy in the life cycle of Phytophthora infestans (https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.30.466584v1.full.pdf) This episode is produced by Association Briefings (https://www.associationbriefings.com). Special Guest: Juliana Gonzalez-Tobon.

Instrução normativa que entrou em vigor em 1º de abril abre as portas, como explica a presidente da ANPC, da estriga - que pode afetar outras culturas - e da Phytophthora megakarya por conta da retirada do brometo de metila.

Dr. Khumbuzile Bophela from South Africa is my guest today.  At present she is a lecturer in plant pathology at the University of Pretoria in South Africa. We learn about the current study focsed on the  potential contamination sources of Phytophthora species in South African citrus nurseries she is conducting for her post-doc fellowship.  In this episode, and she is honest about the ups and downs of her academic track and how they have impacted the kind of academic she wants to be. Tune in for all of this and MORE.Twitter: @DrBophelaFacebook, Instagram & LinkedIn: @khumbuzilebophelaSupport the show

With several years of drought affecting the West, tree nut and citrus growers are now seeing an underground issue: Phytophthora root rot. This disease infects the tissue of plants, affecting overall plant health. With decreased irrigation intensity, orchards decline and tree death may begin to increase. Syngenta Agronomic Service Manager Chris Clemens joins us to talk about management tactics available for growers, including the Syngenta Soil Pathogen Assessment (SPA), a program that assesses Phytophthora infections on a field-by-field basis.

In this episode of Tech On Demand brought to you by GrowerTalks, host Bill Calkins is joined for the second time by Dr. Ann Chase, owner of Chase Agricultural Consulting, and Dr. Aaron Palmateer, technical development lead for the ornamental business at SePRO. Both are expert-level plant disease gurus with decades of combined work in the field. Last time we talked with Ann and Aaron, the discussion centered on what to expect—from a disease perspective—in spring production. If you didn't listen to that one, jump back in the archives and check out Episode 33. This time, we're moving on to summer, but first, the guests reflect back on spring for a bit before jumping right into warm-season diseases like Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia, soft rots like Erwinia, Southern Blight, Xanthomonas and plenty more. They discuss what they've seen in greenhouses and nurseries already this summer and what they expect to see soon—more than 25 diseases they've seen first-hand. One of the most interesting parts of this cast is a rundown of common diseases and the temperature ranges that bring them on. The episode continues with thoughts on why producing crops (like vinca, poinsettias and fall pansies) out-of-season often requires the most vigilance and hardest work by production teams before concluding with an in-depth look at the most cutting-edge control strategies for summer diseases.   Resources: Dr. Ann Chase: archase@chaseresearch.net Dr. Aaron Palmateer: aaronp@sepro.com Chase Horticultural Research: www.chaseagri.com SePRO: https://www.sepro.com/Hort   BE SURE TO SUBSCRIBE TO THE TECH ON DEMAND PODCAST ON ANY MAJOR PODCAST APP SO YOU NEVER MISS AN EPISODE!

NB: Ces épisodes sont l'épilogue de la série con sacrée à l'impact du tourisme sur le Vivant, un débat avec Kris de Bardia, Adeline Lobbes et Marc Mortelmans, 3 guides animalier : https://bit.ly/tourisme_et_vivant1_CBT  https://bit.ly/tourisme_et_vivant2_CBT  https://bit.ly/tourisme_et_vivant3_CBT  https://bit.ly/tourisme_et_vivant4_CBT   Les EEE (espèces exotiques envahissantes) ou espèces invasives sont un des 5 causes majeures d'extinction d'espèces dans le monde. Mais leurs impacts ne sont pas qu'écologiques.   Beaucoup ne s'adaptent pas à leur nouveau milieu, d'autres le font sans faire de vague. D'autres encore entraînent des extinctions d'espèces et/ou d'importants dégâts.   Le Moustique tigre, venu d'Asie du sud-est et présent désormais dans une centaine de pays sur les cinq continents, est sans doute le cas le plus connu. Autres exemples: la Fourmi de feu aux États-Unis, la Moule zébrée dans les grands lacs canadiens, le Serpent arboricole brun sur l' île de Guam, le Lapin en Australie, la Jussie (une plante rampante) en Afrique, l'Ambroisie en Europe de l'ouest…   Homo sapiens est aussi une espèce envahissante stricto sensu. La pire en termes de dégâts causés, et responsable de 99% de la survenues des autres EEE dont... les chats aussi.   Des chercheurs français ont évalué l'impact que les espèces envahissantes, autant de touristes involontaires,  introduites volontairement ou non par l'Homme dans un milieu qui n'étaient pas le leur, ont engendré 1.288 milliards de dollars de pertes économiques entre 1970 et 2017. Une somme équivalente au PIB de l'Australie.   Leur nombre est estimé à 14.000 en Europe, et à 5000 en France.   Voici la liste noire des 100 pires EEE (espèces exotiques envahissantes) selon l'UICN.   Vous avez la flemme de cliquer sur le lien? Voici d'autres espèces:   La perche du Nil : C'est devenu le symbole des espèces invasives depuis le film Le Cauchemar de Darwin. Introduite en 1954 dans le lac Victoria, elle multiplié les prises de pêche par quatre. Mais elle a aussi entraîné la disparition de 200 espèces locales.   Le champignon Phytophthora infestans a provoqué la Grande Famine en 1845 en Irlande, en détruisant les pommes de terre.   Le phylloxéra Viteus vitifoliae a failli exterminer les vignes européennes à la fin du 19e siècle.   La méduse Mnemiopsis leidyi en mer Noire ayant considérablement affaibli les ressources halieutiques.   L'étoile de mer dévoreuse de corail (Acanthaster planci), alias "couronne d'épine" est sujette à des « explosions de populations » qui ruinent les écosystèmes coralliens, parmi les plus riches et les plus fragiles au monde.   Le Frelon asiatique Vespa velutina en France notamment, prédateur d'abeilles et d'autres insectes pollinisateurs.   L'introduction du Rat noir Rattus rattus et du Rat d'égoût (Surmulot) Rattus norvegicus en Europe au Moyen âge, responsable de la peste qui a divisé par deux la population européenne.   L'abeille tueuse : Au Brésil, le gouvernement autorise en 1956 l'importation d'une abeille africaine pour l'étudier. Relâchée involontairement, un essaim s'hybride avec l'abeille locale. La nouvelle espèce, appelée "abeille tueuse" est particulièrement agressive. Elle remonte vers le Mexique et on la trouve aujourd'hui aux Etats-Unis.   Le ragondin : Exploité au 19ème siècle pour sa fourrure, il a été rapporté d'Amérique du Sud. Les éleveurs en faillite l'ont relâché dans la nature : en 40 ans, elle a colonisé toute la France, causant des dégâts sur les berges des cours d'eau.   La crépidule des moules : Ce coquillage a été introduit accidentellement par les bateaux américains lors du débarquement. Elle entre en compétition avec les huîtres et les moules et menace l'ostréiculture. Voir l'épisode correspondant de Petit Poisson deviendra  Podcast. Idem pour la Rascasse volante, le Crabe bleu etr le Poisson lapin, aussi abordés dans PPDP.   L'écrevisse de Louisiane : Ramenée en France dans les années 70 pour faire face à la baisse de production de l'écrevisse locale, cette espèce prédatrice l'a non seulement fait disparaître totalement, mais aussi d'autres poissons et amphibiens.   Les tortues de Floride : Particulièrement appréciées des enfants, elles pullulent de façon incontrôlée sitôt qu'on les relâche dans la nature. Sa vente est interdite en France depuis 1992.   Le silure : Cet énorme poisson-chat, dont les plus gros spécimens mesurent plus de 3 m de long, est venu du Danube en empruntant des canaux. Il gagne progressivement tous les cours d'eau français, d'autant plus que des amateurs de pêche sportive répandent eux-même des alevins dans les cours d'eau.   La Fallopia Japonica : Cette algue brune laminaire originaire du Japon et importée en France par des aquariophiles, a envahi les cours d'eau et menace les autres espèces d'algues, car elle secrète des substances toxiques pour ses voisines.   Le Miconi : En 1965, cette plante d'ornement est offerte au jardin botanique d'Hawaï. En 40 ans, le Miconia s'est étendu sur toute l'île. Surnommée "ebola verte", il fait de l'ombre aux autres espèces qui meurent. Ses racines ne retiennent plus le sol et elle provoque donc des effondrements de terrain.   Wasmannia auropunctata, la petite fourmi folle a envahi la Nouvelle-Calédonie et Tahiti.   La jacinthe d'eau détruit la vie aquatique, en la privant de lumière, dans les rivières ou les lacs.   Voici une liste encore plus détaillée faune et flore par région du monde. _______ Kris de Bardia est guide animalier dans le Parc de Bardia au Népal. Après 20 ans dans les forêts et les savanes d'Asie, il reprend son sac à dos et devient guide en Laponie, en Arctique et en Antarctique.   Adeline Lobbes est guide de brousse en Afrique de l'Est et en Afrique australe. Elle connaît entre autres le Serengeti, le Masaï Mara, le parc Kruger... comme son jardin.   Marc Mortelmans est l'hôte des Podcasts Baleine sous Gravillon. Il a travaillé 5 ans comme prof de plongée en Égypte (mer Rouge), Yucatan, Honduras, Costa Rica, Galapagos et 6 ans comme guide d'expéditions de montagne dans les Andes. _______

Subscribe Apple | Google | Spotify | Stitcher | iHeart   Support The Daily Gardener Buy Me A Coffee    Connect for FREE! The Friday Newsletter |  Daily Gardener Community   Historical Events 1755 Birth of Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin (books by this author), French lawyer and politician. He became a famous epicure and gastronome. In The Physiology of Taste, He wrote, A man who was fond of wine was offered some grapes at dessert after dinner.  'Much obliged', said he, pushing the plate aside; 'I am not accustomed to taking my wine in pills.   1803 Birth of Miles Joseph Berkeley, English cryptogamist and clergyman. Miles is regarded as a founder of plant pathology. As a young man, Miles became passionate about lichens, and he became a recognized expert in his lifetime. Miles pursued his botanical work around his duties as a pastor. He coined the term "mycologist" to describe his work with nature. Today Websters defines a mycologist as someone who works with fungi ("fun-guy"), living organisms such as molds, yeast, and mushrooms.  And while many of his fellow clergymen believed the potato famine to be a tool of the devil, Miles correctly suspected that a water mold, Phytophthora infestans, could be the source of the problem. Miles named a mushroom species Agaricus ruthae ("Ah-GARE-uh-kus Ruth-ee") after his daughter Ruth. Ruth Ellen Berkeley became a successful botanical illustrator.   1838 Birth of George Edward Post, American physician and scholar. He was a missionary, professor, and pioneering doctor in Syria, Beirut, and Lebanon. In his spare time, he botanized the countryside and wrote the first English Flora of the Middle East. George is remembered for his extensive herbarium. His students helped with his collecting efforts. George would assign two hundred herbarium sheets per student and reward those who traveled the furthest to obtain specimens. There are many incredible stories about George Post. Supposedly, he could outwork most men and fall asleep very quickly. George Post lore tells how George could also collect specimens without getting off his horse. George got good at leaning down low on the side of his saddle to grab a specimen for his study. Finally, as George lay dying, a visitor placed some wheat in his hand. The wheat was symbolic of the harvest and George's lifetime of work with plants.   1868 Birth of Edmond Rostand (books by this author), the very dapper-looking French poet and dramatist. Edmond built a villa called Arnaga in Cambo less Bains, France. The beautiful gardens cover 37 acres. Edmond planned the French garden on the east side to greet the rising sun and an English garden on the west side to enjoy the setting sun. Edmond called Arnaga "a poem of stone and greenery," and it is often referred to as the "Little Versaille" in the Basque country. Today the villa and the gardens get five-star reviews on Trip Advisor. Edmond is best known for his 1897 play Cyrano de Bergerac. In the play, Edmond wrote this garden-inspired verse, My soul, be satisfied with flowers, With fruit, with weeds even; but gather them In the one garden you may call your own.   Grow That Garden Library™ Book Recommendation Patina Farm by Brooke and Steve Giannetti This book came out in March of 2016 - so it's been out for six years already. This book has been on my watch list for quite some time, and use copies have finally dipped below $20, so I am thrilled to share this with you on today's show. Let me just start by saying that the cover of Patina Farm is so stunning. It's one of my favorite covers, and when I saw the cover for the first time, I could not stop thinking about it. I love the use of dried flowers and the styling on the cover. I love the cutting boards displayed over the mantle, the beautiful teal slip-covered chairs, and the natural elements that make this gorgeous cover. And then, of course, there is the incredibly inspiring story of Steve and his wife, Brooke, because they decided to leave suburbia - they were living in Santa Monica - and then they built a new life for themselves on a farm. But first, they went to Europe to find their inspiration for their farm - visiting Belgium and France - and then combined their talents to create Patina Farm, sharing what they did in this book. Now Steve is the architect. He puts together all the architectural drawings, which you can see in the book. And then Brooke is the writer. She's a beautiful writer and took over 200 photographs shared in this book. And don't I love the name of their farm: Patina Farm. The book is dedicated to their children, Charlie, Nick, and Lyla, and in the dedication, they said that their kids give their dreams meaning, which is so touching. The other thing I like about this book is how they share their journey in the titles of each chapter. So there's arriving, connecting, nourishing, creating, restoring, rejuvenating, sharing, and then farming - and then they give abundant resources at the end, too. If there's something that you're particularly inspired by, you can track down the resources that they used. Patina Farm is a total eye candy book. If you're a gardener, You're going to swoon at this book. It's gorgeous. And like I said, it's one of my favorite books. It's got all of the things that I love - beautiful elements, both natural and manmade - and it all comes together to create tranquil, inspiring Patina Farm (Which has not one but two courtyards. Isn't that a dream come true?!) The other thing that you're going to enjoy by getting this book is that you will quickly realize how down-to-earth Steve and Brooke are, even though they've created this incredible jaw-dropping space. These guys are salt of the earth kind of people, and they're just so generous and sharing how they came up with the plans and the ideas behind this space. I also want just to take a quick second and share a bit of what Clinton Smith said about this book. He is the editor-in-chief of Veranda, and he wrote the forward. He wrote. On five acres in the heart of the Ohai Valley in California Is a place that has emerged over the past three years as the best case study of confident design married with passion and purpose. It's not as over the top or attention-seeking as some homes. In fact, it excels in understatement. Hidden from street view by a bank of white roses, the house and landscape — treated as one — fosters respect for nature, for space, for light and air, and everyday moments.  When you're at Patina Farm, you feel it through the waft of lavender in the backyard, the sound of crunching pea gravel underfoot on the back terrace. Bowls of freshly cut lemons on the kitchen island, the jolly nature of miniature donkeys, and silky Bantam chickens that have the run of the place. And while the owners didn't set out to create a Biltmore or Monticello (and why would they?), There are indeed similarities.  I could go on and on gushing about this book, But I trust that you get the drift. This book is 176 pages  (But I sure wish there were 500 pages, to be honest) of Patina Farm because I can't get enough of it. You can get a copy of Patina Farm by Brooke and Steve Giannetti and support the show using the Amazon link in today's show notes for around $18.   Botanic Spark In 2013, nine graduation speeches by Kurt Vonnegut (books by this author) were collected and published posthumously in a book called, If This Isn't Nice, What Is?: Advice for the Young.  In one speech, Kurt gave his unique take on the seasons. One sort of optional thing you might do is to realize there are six seasons instead of four.  The poetry of four seasons is all wrong for this part of the planet, and this may explain why we are so depressed so much of the time.  I mean, Spring doesn't feel like Spring a lot of the time, and November is all wrong for Fall and so on. Here is the truth about the seasons: Spring is May and June!  What could be springier than May and June?  Summer is July and August. Really hot, right?  Autumn is September and October. See the pumpkins? Smell those burning leaves.  Next comes the season called “Locking.” That is when Nature shuts everything down.  November and December aren't Winter. They're Locking.  Next comes Winter, January and February. Boy! Are they ever cold!  What comes next? Not Spring.  Unlocking comes next. What else could April be?   Thanks for listening to The Daily Gardener And remember: For a happy, healthy life, garden every day.

Katie Jaeger, Syngenta Seedcare product lead Syngenta introduces CruiserMaxx® APX soybean seed treatment for unmatched Pythium and Phytophthora protection

Always a bit of a bummer when you grow tomatoes: Blight is one of those diseases that can cause a lot of damage and quickly.Two varieties: early blight (Alternaria solani) and late blight (Phytophthora infestans). This last species is a close relative of the famous potato disease that cause massive potato crop losses in Europe, especially Ireland, which led to the horticultural Refugee movement and the run to the New Americas.First of all: “early” and “late” are not sound diagnostic names for the disorders, as both can be “late and “early” respectively.Alternaria can be identified by its leaf-spotting, and associated rots on developing fruit, especially at the distal end (non-stalk end)Phytophthora has characteristic lesions on the base of the plant – often on the lowest parts of the main stem, just above the soil. The stem looks black and often “narrower” in patches.Later that develops into a more obvious symptom whereby the leaves start to droop, go yellow and often shrivel up. By then it might be too late to save the plant.With both blight species it s best to prevent an infection before it gets that far:1) Keep your plants pruned from the bottom leaves upward. Every time you take the laterals off, check if you can prune the bottom leaves off, so they are not in contact with the soil.2) Prune those leaves on a dry day – and clean your secateurs regularly3) Water the plants by depositing the water on the ground/soil, NOT on the leaves and especially avoid wetting the bottom leaves4) Every now and then spray the leaves with a copper spray solution (Copper Oxychloride or liquid copper) or a regular fungicide (Fungus fighter – myclobutanil etc); the copper acts as a preventative barrier and the fungicides have some systemic action that can fight the infection from inside the plant tissue5) Regularly feed the plants (liquid fertiliser – seafood soup/seaweed tea), which will give them resistance.6) Don't grow tomatoes in the same spot year after year – change position in your garden; in glass houses or tunnel houses change the soil mix every other year or so, creating a fresh growing soil from time to timeLISTEN ABOVE

Maintaining soil health is an on-going process for solid plant growth. Gary Ross covers the specifics of aerating, compost, and additives. This is the audio version of an article from the January/February 2022 issue of Grit magazine. For more great articles on livestock and land management, large and small farming, and even bees, go to www.grit.com If you're interested in workshops about everything from cheesemaking to soil health to building around your property, you can take our online classes  and attend the Mother Earth News Fairs. Grit's  sister publication is Mother Earth News.

Soybean breeding can be a complicated process, but it is one of the tools used for research at the U of M to manage pests such as soybean cyst nematode, soybean aphid, and diseases like Phytophthora root rot. More information on and availability of publicly available U of MN crop varieties can be found at: https://www.mncia.org/.

Slime Moulds part 2 The podcast continues with the topic of slime mould but particularly, about the slime mould called phytophthora.  Did you prick up your ears? Yep, that's the root rot known as phytophthora which gardeners dread. Gardeners are often told that phytophthera, in particular Phytophthera cinnamomi,  is a fungi but it's actually a water mould. You may have even heard it called 'root rot.' Phytophora is a particular slime mould that belongs to a group or Phyllum called Oomycota  This group are moulds that can only move in water columns. Phytophthora cinnamomi lives in the soil and in plant tissues,  During drought or prolonged dry periods , the organisms become dormant chlamydospores which is just a resting spore of Ascomycota.  When environmental conditions are suitable, the chlamydospores germinate, producing mycelia (or hyphae) and sporangia.  The sporangia ripen and release zoospores, which infect plant roots by entering the root behind the root tip.  This organism is very resistant to most chemicals that gardeners can throw at it and doesn't die with soil disturbance.. Dieback of branches of whole shrubs or trees is often seen in the Australian bush. Should you ever see branch dieback in your trees or shrubs or stem dieback in your tomatoes, it just may be due to a problem called root rot that is actually a slime mould.  The best way Botanic gardens have dealt with it is by fencing off affected beds within the gardens so horticulturists and the public don't transfer the spores around the the gardens or indeed, back home to their own gardens. Drainage was also improved in garden beds so that the organism wasn't able to stay 'live' or active. Compost is also added to soil to improve the soil so the microorganisms can combat this slime mould. Let's find out more by listening to the podcast. I'm talking with Steve McGrane, horticulturist and agriculturist. So know you know the facts and myths about Phytophthera and how to deal with it in your garden. If you have any questions about slime mould or some feedback why not email us realworldgardener@gmail.com or write in to 2RRR PO Box 644

It's been 20 years since soybean varieties have been surveyed for their phytophthora resistance and researchers are finding today some are no longer effective. Marty Chilvers with Michigan State University explains what the latest findings mean for farmers.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Lemon treesThey love a warm, sheltered spot in full sun – protected from wind; usually not good with heavy frosts. (Meyer lemons possibly a few degrees below zero); protect the trees from heavy frosts with frost-cloth….…or grow them in a large pot that can be moved under frost shelter!Most citrus varieties are gross feeders – honestly: they'll reward you with lots of fruit if you fertilise at least THREE TIMES per growing season (Oct – Dec – March); general fertiliser perhaps with some added sulfate of POTASH; “little and often” is the mantra.Good MULCH (past the drip-line), keep watered; they hate drought!They're not good with root competition/crowding; (shallow rooters); keep grass away, especially Kikuyu.Pollination is usually not a problem; most varieties are “self-fertile”, but watch Meyer Lemons: when they are grown nearby a “seedless” orange, there will be pips – often heaps of them!Fruit maintenance: Don't let young trees set too many fruit – prune some off to let the frame-work develop; next year let a few more grow as the tree strengthens its branch system.(Meyer) Lemons have a habit of fruiting well every second year (usually in winter and spring months); therefore it's best to plant two or three lemon trees to have a continuous supply of lemons!Pruning regime: if you need to shape your tree, do it in period March-early September when lemon tree borer are not around to lay eggs on the pruned surfaces. Use Sharp, clean secateurs.Remove branches from within the bush/shrub/tree – let wind go through it – dries out – less rot.Pruning cuts don't need a sealant, but if you've had history of die-back (fungal attack) then it will not harm to seal the wound...Disinfect secateurs from time to time – bleach or janola.Sooty Mould; If you have sooty mould (fungi growing on sap sucking insect's excrement) now's the time to use some spraying oil (Conqueror Oil) to get rid of the cause: scale/mealybug/whitefly)Neem Oil is often a good, organic suffocator of small sap-sucking insects. Use the Oils frequently (every two weeks or so) and spray both sides of leaves and branches.There are some root rots (Phytophthora) that can kill a citrus tree very quickly, in a matter of six to eight weeks the leaves go yellow, droop, turn brown and…fall off!Phytophthora is often spread through ground water (the spot is too wet for too long!).Dig the tree out and don't plant another citrus in the same spot.Maybe put a plum in your Campari?

Ken covers what the massive amounts of rain in central IL means for growers and what to be on the lookout for. He uses the experiences in 2015 to give guidelines for how long the crops can survive underwater and in standing water, mapping out gulley’s while still visible, and warns about letting the ponded-out areas going to weeds. Some of the premium of early planted soybeans has been lost with this water stress and Ken advises that iron chlorosis, Rhizoctonia, Phytophthora can start to cause issues in the saturated areas. Ken also covers Nitrogen loss in corn, high risk zones, and uneven pollination. 

In this episode, Josie and Debbie interview Sarni Hart, Director of Coromandel Adventures. Sarni is passionate about helping visitors develop greater understanding, respect, and appreciation of our natural world in hopes they will choose to take an active role in protecting it.  Sarni is a model for how as tourism operators, we can be involved in taking care of the environment and communities that we rely on for our industry. She speaks to the challenges of working with varied and diverse stakeholders in communities, and to how their shared desire to create a better future for the Coromandel keeps them moving forward together.   We're thrilled to share Sarni's story, as a tourism operator quietly and diligently working for a positive impact on her place. Wherever you are on the regenerative journey, we hope you relate to Sarni's story and find inspiration in her passion.   Connect with us Website Connect on Facebook Follow on Instagram  Send us an email: Josie - josie@good-travel.org Debbie - debbie@newzealandawaits.com   Many thanks to: Sarni Hart for time, stories and inspiration she gifted us The teams at GOOD Travel and New Zealand Awaits Clarrie Macklin for our music and production  Erin Carnes for our logo and graphic design  Our givealittle donors for your generous support for our volunteer produced podcast   Episode Notes  Sarni Hart: https://www.linkedin.com/in/sarni-hart-b9a05386/  Follow Coromandel Adventures: Website: https://www.coromandeladventures.co.nz/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/CoromandelAdventures/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/coromandeladventures/  Coromandel Kauri Dieback Forum Kauri Protection  Upper Coromandel Forest and Bird Patukirikiri Department of Conservation - DOC   Glossary: (Our guests will often use words from Te Reo Māori, New Zealand's indigenous language, in their interviews. We welcome and celebrate this, and for listeners outside of New Zealand for whom these may be unfamiliar, we offer an interpretation here to aid your understanding. For more detail, you can reference https://maoridictionary.co.nz/. We also offer explanations of acronyms and other industry terminology used in hope of making GOOD Awaits more accessible.) Kauri - large forest trees native to New Zealand, often growing over 50m tall and living 2000 years, but threatened by Phytophthora agathidicida or Kauri Dieback  Kaitiaki - guardian, steward Tūrangawaewae - "place to stand", place where one belongs   

Dr. Greg Browne (USDA-ARS Plant Pathologist based at UC Davis) shares his expert insights on the diagnosis and management of Phytophthora in almond and walnut orchards. You can learn more in a recent article “Resurgence of Perennial Phytophthora Canker Disease of Almonds” on sjvtandv.com. Thank you to the Almond, Pistachio, Prune, and Walnut Boards of California for their kind donations. Thank you to Muriel Gordon for the music.The views, thoughts, and opinions expressed are the speaker's own and do not represent the views, thoughts, and opinions of the University of California. The material and information presented here is for general information purposes only. The "University of California" name and all forms and abbreviations are the property of its owner and its use does not imply endorsement of or opposition to any specific organization, product, or service.

Pilze sind vielfältig und bilden neben Tieren und Pflanzen eine eigene Gruppe. Neben nützlichen Pilzen, gibt es eine Reihe von Pilzen, die Mensch, Tier und Pflanzen schaden. In dieser Episode geht es um Pilze im Allgemeinen, aber vor allem um Phytophthora infestans, dem Verursacher der Kraut- und Knollenfäule bei Kartoffeln. Auf sein Konto gingen die großen Hungersnöte in Europa Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts. Er ist nach wie vor jedes Jahr immer noch verantwortlich für hohe Ernteverluste weltweit.

Tomaten im Freiland zu ziehen, ist gar nicht so einfach: Oft leiden die Pflanzen unter der Krautfäule, einer Pilzkrankheit, die bei feuchtem und warmem Wetter auftritt. Wir erklären, wie Ihre Tomaten auch im Freiland gut wachsen. Der grösste Feind der Tomatenpflanze ist die Krautfäule (Phytophthora infestans), eine Pilzkrankheit, die bei feuchtem und warmem Wetter auftritt. Die Tomaten bekommen braune Flecken, die tief in das Fruchtfleisch gehen, werden bitter und ungeniessbar, schliesslich stirbt die ganze Tomatenpflanze ab. Doch mit neuen, Braunfäule-toleranten Sorten kann man Tomaten auch im Freiland ziehen. Folgende Sorten eignen sich: - Primabella, Matina, Celsior, De Berao, Rote Murmel, Gelbe Murmel, Resi, Rote Kirschtomate und Gelbe Kirschtomate - Limetto F1, Lizzano F1, Romello F1, Philovita F1, Phantasia F1 Eine Tomatenpflanze im Freiland benötigt einen Quadratmeter Platz. Vor dem Setzen wird der Boden gelockert und drei Liter Kompost und 50 Gramm Hornspäne (oder organischer Gemüsedünger) eingearbeitet. Das Pflanzloch wird schräg ausgehoben, damit der Tomatensetzling möglichst tief bis zum ersten Blattpaar gesetzt werden kann – ihr Haupttrieb bildet in der Erde weitere Wurzeln aus. Nach der Pflanzung wird ausgiebig gewässert, mit gehäckseltem Stroh oder Schilf gemulcht und das Klettergerüst platziert. Die Tomatenstöcke wachsen lassen, nicht ausgeizen, nicht nachdüngen, nicht wässern: nur noch ernten!

Obwohl die Kartoffel bereits im 16. Jahrhundert mit Hilfe der Spanier europäischen Boden „betrat“ dauerte es noch einige Zeit bis sie in Europa Fuß fasste, angebaut und verspeist wurde. Dann setzte sie sich allerdings sehr schnell als Grundnahrungsmittel durch, besonders bei der ärmeren Bevölkerung. Als es Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts aufgrund schlechter Ernten zu Hungersnöten kam, starben nicht nur sehr viele Menschen, sondern eine riesige Auswanderungswelle war die Folge. Bei den Kartoffeln waren die Ernteausfälle besonders groß und führten teilweise zum Totalausfall der Ernte. Ausgelöst wurden sie durch einen nach Europa eingeschleppten Pilz namens Phytophthora infestans. Allein in Irland, wo die Abhängigkeit von der Kartoffel besonders groß war, starben eine Million Menschen und zwei Millionen Iren wanderten aus, vor allem in die USA. Wie eine solche Katastrophe sich langfristig auf die Geschicke der Welt auswirken kann, zeigt das Beispiel der während der großen Hungersnot aus Irland ausgewanderten Familie Kennedy, die gut 100 Jahre später den amerikanischen Präsidenten John F. Kennedy stellte.

https://pir.sa.gov.au/research/research_specialties/crop_sciences/soil_biology_and_molecular_diagnostics (Dr. Alan McKay) joins us all the way from Australia, to talk about some exciting work they are doing to measure various soil microbes including pathogens and beneficial rhizobia.  Dr McKay is the Leader of the Soil Biology and Molecular Diagnostics group at the https://pir.sa.gov.au/research (South Australian Research and Development Institute) (SARDI). He is committed to not only studying soil-borne diseases and other aspects of soil biology, but also developing tools for growers to manage this biology in their operations. He has played a major role in the development of the https://pir.sa.gov.au/research/services/molecular_diagnostics/predicta_b (PREDICTA® B) soil analysis technology, which is now recognised internationally for its capacity to accurately identify and measure soil pathogens, as well as the nutrition status of soils. We're going to talk a lot more about this technology in today's episode. “The thing we're doing now with the https://pir.sa.gov.au/research/services/molecular_diagnostics/predicta_b (PREDICTA® B) technology is starting to look at some of the beneficial organisms. So rhizobium for pulses...which is the rhizobia that modulate lentils, field pea and fava bean. Then using that we launched it as a provisional service just in South Australia and Victoria this year to identify paddocks where you don't need to inoculate the pulse crop. In Australia, the growers don't like applying their innoculates to the pulse crops. Most reliable methods have to be done just before seeding them and it's a task they prefer not to do. So we think this is going to work pretty well.” - Dr. Alan McKay After sampling 850 paddocks they have identified 400 species to allow his group to map the growth of pathogens across the country. One unexpected discovery was that prior to this survey it was assumed there was one Phytophthora species with the potential for causing major harm to pulse crops. Now they have identified three separate species and can better isolate their locality and the tools to better identify them. At the moment, they are focusing on identifying more common pathogens going forward that, while not as catastrophic as Phtyophtora, can reduce yield by up to 20% and are therefore also significant. “https://pir.sa.gov.au/research/services/molecular_diagnostics/predicta_b (PREDICTA® B) is a collection of what we call qPCR tests.” Dr McKay remarks that it is easy to quality control, scalable and offers great insight for growers and researchers alike. Currently the majority of their testing has focused on cereal crops but they are readily expanding into pulse crops. “The potential now with pulses is that we could look at packaging tests for key pathogens and the rhizobium and identify whether a paddock is a good option for that crop and whether you need to inoculate.” - Dr. McKay This Week on https://www.growingpulsecrops.com/ (Growing Pulse Crops): Meet https://pir.sa.gov.au/research/research_specialties/crop_sciences/soil_biology_and_molecular_diagnostics (Dr. Alan McKay) the Leader of the Soil Biology and Molecular Diagnostics group at the https://pir.sa.gov.au/research (South Australian Research and Development Institute) (SARDI). Discover the progress his efforts and research are accomplishing in supporting pulse growers in Australia using DNA technologies like https://pir.sa.gov.au/research/services/molecular_diagnostics/predicta_b (PREDICTA® B) Learn the benefits to this line of technology and the advantages it can provide to producers in inputs, variety selection and for monitoring of pathogen spread Growing Pulse Crops Podcast is hosted by https://www.linkedin.com/in/timhammerich/ (Tim Hammerich) of the http://www.futureofag.com (Future of Agriculture Podcast).

Learn how to deal with a GORGEOUS pothos that totally craps out on you ten days after bringing it home.

La tristeza del aguacate es una enfermedad generado por Phytophthora cinnamomi, una patógeno de las raíces de especies leñosas que causa podredumbre y que constituye una enfermedad devastadora, la cual cuenta actualmente con alrededor de 1,000 hospederos susceptibles. https://podcastagricultura.com/episodio-183/

Rainfall during the growing season is often a major determinant in how severe phytophthora root rot is in soybeans, but there are several tools growers can deploy to build a strong defence against the underground yield robber, including genetic resistance. As soybean harvest winds up in Western Canada, and attention shifts to choosing varieties to... Read More

Tech On Demand: Root, Stem and Crown Rot Diseases with Aaron PalmateerIn this episode of Tech On Demand brought to you by GrowerTalks, host Bill Calkins is joined by Aaron Palmateer, Senior Technical Representative with Bayer Ornamentals, to talk about root, stem and crown rot diseases. Because some of the diseases discussed occur below the soil and out of sight, detection is extremely critical to avoid devastating effects to the crop. The earlier symptoms are detected the better - that’s how this episode begins. Next, Aaron moves to an overview of the major pathogens impacting root, stem and crown and exactly how they cause disease. He goes in depth on the Big Four – Pythium, Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia and Fusarium – but also discusses less-common pathogens and fungi.  This episode concludes with a review of treatment options and rotation suggestions.Be sure to listen all the way to the end of this episode to learn about a new resource available from Bayer, a user-friendly Spanish language pest identification guide that’s sure to be a critical tool for all greenhouse operations. Resources:Bayer Ornamentals Website: https://www.environmentalscience.bayer.usSpanish Pest Identification Guide: https://www.environmentalscience.bayer.us/turf-and-ornamentals-management/production-ornamentals/portfolios-and-solutions/Spanish-Pest-Identification-GuideGrowerTalks Magazine Website: https://www.growertalks.com/

La marchitez del chile (Phytophthora capsici Leo) fue descrita por Leonian en 1922, quien encontró a esta enfermedad atacando a chile en Nuevo México, Estados Unidos. En México se detectó en 1956 en chile y calabaza, aunque también ataca tomate, berenjena, pepino, sandía y melón. https://podcastagricultura.com/episodio-082/

Listen to this article from West Coast Nut by Mohammad Yaghmour, Greg Browne and Brent Holtz.

This week's episode is infectious, but in a good way. Join us as we discuss fungus that will starve you, rot out your face, or make insects heads explode.  Sources: https://www.etymonline.com/word/parasite https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=fungus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungus https://phobia.wikia.org/wiki/Mycophobia http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20150202-six-bizarre-things-about-fungi https://www.toptenz.net/10-surprising-facts-about-fungi.php https://www.quora.com/Can-mushrooms-grow-in-the-lungs https://www.piquenewsmagazine.com/whistler/twenty-fascinating-facts-about-fungi/Content?oid=2646932 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6379264/ https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0167295 https://www.npr.org/2011/10/09/141164173/caterpillar-fungus-the-viagra-of-the-himalayas https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergotism https://www.history.com/topics/immigration/irish-potato-famine https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_population_analysis https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytophthora_infestans https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gros_Michel_banana https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucormycosis https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/69220/fungus-kills-its-victims-and-makes-them-more-attractive https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/587052/psychotropic-fungus-eating-away-cicadas-genitalia-and-boosting-their-sex-drive https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2017/11/how-the-zombie-fungus-takes-over-ants-bodies-to-control-their-minds/545864/ https://www.healthline.com/health/how-long-is-ringworm-contagious

GES Colloquium - Tuesdays 12-1PM, Via Zoom, NC State University GES Mediasite - Video w/slides https://go.ncsu.edu/ges-mediasite More info at http://go.ncsu.edu/ges-colloquium | Twitter -https://twitter.com/GESCenterNCSU Emerging plant diseases threaten many foods crops including those we eat for breakfast such as coffee, oranges, banana and potatoes. Plant pathogens cause global losses estimated to be as high as $33 billion per year. The risk of introduction of pathogens into the US with trade requires continued monitoring and improved diagnostic capabilities at our borders. One of the largest challenges we face in agriculture today is to develop and deploy the appropriate technologies that will help reduce plant diseases and increase crop yield. New genetic tools are enabling scientists to piece together the evolution of emerging plant pathogens and track their spread. Jean Ristaino will discuss the latest research on P. infestans, the pathogen that caused the Irish famine, its impact on global food security and describe her use of genomic tools to track outbreaks and the evolution of new lineages using historic and recent specimens of P. infestans. Novel detection technologies combined with digital agriculture and bioinformatics tools will help mitigate outbreaks, improve deployment of host resistance and inform policy. Speaker Bio Dr. Jean Ristaino works on the population genetics of historical epidemics of the pathogen that caused the Irish famine Phytophthora infestans and studies the population structure and epidemiology of modern day late blight outbreaks. Her lab is interested in the impact of migration, recombination and hybridization on the evolution of Phytophthora species. Her work has tracked migrations of P. infestans from its ancestral home in the Andes to the US and Europe. She developed pioneering research techniques for use of 150-year-old historic herbarium specimens to track epidemics. She was also part of the team that sequenced the first genome of P. infestans. Her recent work with collaborators has used next generation sequencing to study historical outbreaks. Her lab also manages the disease surveillance network called USABlight.org. This system records late blight outbreaks, sends disease alerts to growers, and provides decision support tools for managing disease. She has recently developed novel VOC sensor-based technology for detection of late blight. She also conducts Phytophthora molecular diagnostics workshops globally. Her lab also has described new species including Phytophthora andina and Phytophthora acaciae and developed a Lucid-based taxonomic key. Dr. Ristaino was named a National Academy of Sciences Jefferson Science Fellow in 2012 and has worked on a range of emerging plant diseases that impact global food security with USAID. She currently directs a new faculty cluster at NC State on “Emerging Plant Disease and Global Food Security”. She was awarded a Fulbright Research Scholar Award in 2017 at the University of Catania in Sicily. Dr. Ristaino’ research impacts the science of plant pathology, epidemiology, population genomics, food security and science policy LINKS Ristaino Lab - https://ristainolab.cals.ncsu.edu/ A New Way to Fight Crop Diseases, With a Smartphone, New York Times, 7/30/2019 - https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/30/science/tomato-potato-agriculture-blight.html Portable Tech Sniffs Out Plant Disease In The Field, NC State News, 7/29/2019 - https://news.ncsu.edu/2019/07/handheld-tech-sniffs-plant-disease/ Genetics say the origins of the Irish potato blight were South American, Washington Post, 1/7/2017 - https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/genetics-say-the-origins-of-the-irish-potato-blight-were-south-american/2017/01/06/62bbb0a6-d1d0-11e6-9cb0-54ab630851e8_story.html Find out more at https://ges-center-lectures-ncsu.pinecast.co

Greg Browne

Greg Browne

Rhododendrons infected with Phytophthora ramorum or Sudden Oak Death were sold through big box stores in March and April of 2019.  Learn how to identify the signs and symptoms of infection. We also answer: What are the potential implications? What are states doing about it? And what can you do? (Local Hay and Livestock Prices thru 3:50).  To learn more about this disease visit https://www.aphis.usda.gov/

Replay of segment 4 of The Wisconsin Vegetable Gardener Radio Show from 6-22-19 Heard on 860AM WNOV & W293cx 106.5FM Milwaukee, WI Saturday mornings 9-10AM CST Heard on WAAM 1600 AM Ann Arbor, MI Sundays 7-8AM est Heard on WWDB 860 AM Philadelphia, PA Sundays 7-8AM est Heard on KMET 1490 AM Tuesdays 9 - 10 AM pst Banning, CA listen here during show hours for your station: WNOV https://tinyurl.com/y8lwd922 WWDB: https://wwdbam.com/ WAAM https://tinyurl.com/p68cvft KMET https://www.kmet1490am.com/ Check out https://thewisconsinvegetablegardener.com/ In segment 4 Joey and Holly answer gardeners questions 1.What can I plant in place after I harvest my garlic? A: Tomatoes , potatoes, cucumbers, peas, turnips, rutabagas 2. Q:My tomatoes look normal but the turn black on the bottom.what's wrong ? The bottom of the fruit is black? A: This would be blossom in root rot it is due to the fact that there's not enough water in the swell in order for the plant to pick up the necessary calcium that is required to properly develop the fruit what you want to do is just water the plant keep the soil to a damn consistency such as a sponge and water regularly to prevent the soil from drying out and then preventing the plant from up taking the calcium that is needed to develop the fruit if you begin to water that will fix the next generation of fruit that will begin to develop it will not fix the current problem that is on the plant 3. Q: Are shrews good or bad for the garden? A:Shrews don't hurt plants, and they don't burrowing into garden beds much if any. They live under leafs and grass matter such as mulch and might use existing mole and vole tunnels. So they are fine for the garden As the name implies, insects make up a large portion of the typical shrew diet. Food habit studies have revealed that shrews eat beetles, grasshoppers, butterfly and moth larvae, ichneumonid wasps, crickets, spiders, snails, earthworms, slugs, centipedes, and millipedes. 4. Q:I have about 15 2-3 year old boxwoods that I am trying to grow into a hedge. Suddenly the outside tips are turning yellow. I am concerned that I might loose them. Is there anything I should do to assure their health. A:Feed and water your bushes like normal to help them recover. Root Rot. Sometimes, the root systems of boxwood shrubs get infected with fungal pathogens like Phytophthora. When root rot becomes serious, it'll manifest as yellowing leaves that curl inward and turn up, and the plant will grow poorly Check out the following sponsors that make the radio show possible: Thank you Power Planter of www.powerplanter.com IV Organics of www.ivorganics.com Dr. Earth of www.drearth.com organic Root maker of www.rootmaker.com Flame Engineering Inc. of www.flameengineering.com Use coupon code WVG19 to get free shipping. Pomona Universal Pectin of www.pomonapectin.com Bobbex of www.Bobbex.com: Beans & Barley of www.beansandbarley.com MIgardener of www.MIgardener.com Outpost Natural Foods Co-op of www.outpost.coop Root Assassin of www.rootassassinshovel.com . Handy Safety Knife of www.handysafetyknife.com Use promo code WVG to get 10% off &free shipping one time use only BioSafe of www.biosafe.net Save 10% on your next order use coupon code TWVG at checkout Chapin Manufacturing Inc. of www.chapinmfg.com Pro Plugger of www.proplugger.com Dharmaceuticals of www.dharmaceuticals.com Soil Savvy of www.mysoilsavvy.com Use coupon code TWVG19 to save 10% at checkout Tomato Snaps of www.tomatosnaps.com Drip Garden of www.dripgarden.com Drip Garden Wisconsin Greenhouse company https://wisconsingreenhousecompany.com/ Standard Process Inc. of www.standardprocess.com Big Fat’s Hot Sauce of www.bigfatshotsauce.com Soil Diva of www.soildiva.net World’s coolest floating rain gauge of www.WorldsCoolestRainGauge.com Clyde’s vegetable planting chart of www.clydesvegetableplantingchart.com NuNu Natural Healing of www.nunuhealing.com RowMaker of www.rowmaker.com Eco Garden Systems of www.ecogardensystems.com Use coupon code (wiveg2019) and get $295 off the list price of $1,695 PLUS free shipping (a $250 value). Shield n seal of www.shieldnseal.com Bluemel's garden & landscape center of www.bluemels.com Phyllom BioProducts of PhyllomBioProducts.com Norwalk juicers of www.norwalkjuicers.com Use coupon code Garden talk Free Continental US shipping on the Model 290 Juicer Tree Ripe of https://www.tree-ripe.com/ Hydrobox of https://gohydrobox.com/

Replay of The Wisconsin Vegetable Gardener Radio Show from 6-22-19 Heard on 860AM WNOV & W293cx 106.5FM Milwaukee, WI Saturday mornings 9-10AM CST Heard on WAAM 1600 AM Ann Arbor, MI Sundays 7-8AM est Heard on WWDB 860 AM Philadelphia, PA Sundays 7-8AM est Heard on KMET 1490 AM Tuesdays 9 - 10 AM pst Banning, CA listen here during show hours for your station: WNOV https://tinyurl.com/y8lwd922 WWDB: https://wwdbam.com/ WAAM https://tinyurl.com/p68cvft KMET https://www.kmet1490am.com/ Check out https://thewisconsinvegetablegardener.com/ In segment 1 Joey and Holly talk about how to keep your tomatoes healthy all season long and producing Keeping your tomato plants healthy Trim around the base Mulch Whole grain yellow cornmeal Water consistently trellis/cage Harvest frequently Look for problems Leaf discoloration In segment to Joey and Holly talk about the importance and value of Bees Understanding bees Bees help pollinate Help make more bees It is estimated that one third of the food that we consume each day relies on pollination mainly by bees 4000 species of bees in north america Bees are not native to north america - settlers brought them over Found on every continent except antartica Bees are at a high risk for extinction - The researchers found that the American Bumblebee's area of occurrence has decreased by about 70 percent and its relative abundance fell by 89 percent from 2007-2016 compared to 1907-2006. Loss of habitat (aka conversion of prairie into farmland) and insecticides are thought to be the primary causes of the great bee disappearing act. Bumblebees are among the most important pollinators of crops such as blueberries, cranberries, and clover, and almost the only insect pollinators of tomatoes In Segment 3 Joey and Holly talk with their guest author Erik Knutzen of https://www.rootsimple.com/ Kelly Coyne and Erik Knutzen live in the heart of Los Angeles, in a little bungalow set on a 1/12 acre lot where almost all of their land is devoted to growing edible or otherwise useful plants and trees. Their obsessions include bees, bikes, beer, chickens, healthy cities, healing herbs, simple living and good food. In short, everything DIY! They are the authors of The Urban Homestead: Your Guide to Self-Sufficient Living in the Heart of the City and Making It: Radical Home Ec for a Post-Consumer World. 1. Many people don’t want to have a compost bin or compost area because they don’t have enough space or they don’t like the thought of it, but there is worm composting – why would you recommend worm composting for people who don’t want to commit to a compost heap? 2. You don’t care for lawns (neither do we) – why don’t you like them or think they really make sense? 3. You keep your home cleaning products really simple and basic – what do you use to clean your home with? 4. You consider yourselves radical home economists – why do you call yourselves that and what does it mean to you? 5. You like to keep things simple and low-tech when it comes to living as urban homesteaders – why do you do so? 6. Where can we find out more about you? In segment 4 Joey and Holly answer gardeners questions 1.What can I plant in place after I harvest my garlic? A: Tomatoes , potatoes, cucumbers, peas, turnips, rutabagas 2. Q:My tomatoes look normal but the turn black on the bottom.what's wrong ? The bottom of the fruit is black? A: This would be blossom in root rot it is due to the fact that there's not enough water in the swell in order for the plant to pick up the necessary calcium that is required to properly develop the fruit what you want to do is just water the plant keep the soil to a damn consistency such as a sponge and water regularly to prevent the soil from drying out and then preventing the plant from up taking the calcium that is needed to develop the fruit if you begin to water that will fix the next generation of fruit that will begin to develop it will not fix the current problem that is on the plant 3. Q: Are shrews good or bad for the garden? A:Shrews don't hurt plants, and they don't burrowing into garden beds much if any. They live under leafs and grass matter such as mulch and might use existing mole and vole tunnels. So they are fine for the garden As the name implies, insects make up a large portion of the typical shrew diet. Food habit studies have revealed that shrews eat beetles, grasshoppers, butterfly and moth larvae, ichneumonid wasps, crickets, spiders, snails, earthworms, slugs, centipedes, and millipedes. 4. Q:I have about 15 2-3 year old boxwoods that I am trying to grow into a hedge. Suddenly the outside tips are turning yellow. I am concerned that I might loose them. Is there anything I should do to assure their health. A:Feed and water your bushes like normal to help them recover. Root Rot. Sometimes, the root systems of boxwood shrubs get infected with fungal pathogens like Phytophthora. When root rot becomes serious, it'll manifest as yellowing leaves that curl inward and turn up, and the plant will grow poorly Check out the following sponsors that make the radio show possible: Thank you Power Planter of www.powerplanter.com IV Organics of www.ivorganics.com Dr. Earth of www.drearth.com organic Root maker of www.rootmaker.com Flame Engineering Inc. of www.flameengineering.com Use coupon code WVG19 to get free shipping. Pomona Universal Pectin of www.pomonapectin.com Bobbex of www.Bobbex.com: Beans & Barley of www.beansandbarley.com MIgardener of www.MIgardener.com Outpost Natural Foods Co-op of www.outpost.coop Root Assassin of www.rootassassinshovel.com . Handy Safety Knife of www.handysafetyknife.com Use promo code WVG to get 10% off &free shipping one time use only BioSafe of www.biosafe.net Save 10% on your next order use coupon code TWVG at checkout Chapin Manufacturing Inc. of www.chapinmfg.com Pro Plugger of www.proplugger.com Dharmaceuticals of www.dharmaceuticals.com Soil Savvy of www.mysoilsavvy.com Use coupon code TWVG19 to save 10% at checkout Tomato Snaps of www.tomatosnaps.com Drip Garden of www.dripgarden.com Drip Garden Wisconsin Greenhouse company https://wisconsingreenhousecompany.com/ Standard Process Inc. of www.standardprocess.com Big Fat’s Hot Sauce of www.bigfatshotsauce.com Soil Diva of www.soildiva.net World’s coolest floating rain gauge of www.WorldsCoolestRainGauge.com Clyde’s vegetable planting chart of www.clydesvegetableplantingchart.com NuNu Natural Healing of www.nunuhealing.com RowMaker of www.rowmaker.com Eco Garden Systems of www.ecogardensystems.com Use coupon code (wiveg2019) and get $295 off the list price of $1,695 PLUS free shipping (a $250 value). Shield n seal of www.shieldnseal.com Bluemel's garden & landscape center of www.bluemels.com Phyllom BioProducts of PhyllomBioProducts.com Norwalk juicers of www.norwalkjuicers.com Use coupon code Garden talk Free Continental US shipping on the Model 290 Juicer Tree Ripe of https://www.tree-ripe.com/ Hydrobox of https://gohydrobox.com/

This week, Oiko explores environmental impacts of agriculture and what we can do to lessen our carbon footprint by changing our diet. Ronald Donkenvoort, farming for over thirty years, gives us a glimpse how farming has changed over time, while Rebecca King talks about the unique challenges of being a sheep dairy in a changing climate. Anthony Tomaso, a beekeeper, tells us the health benefits of local honey. Ian O'Hollaren takes us underwater to taste seaweed, nutritionally dense and great for the environment. Our second segment talks with Greg Gilbert, plant pathologist, about the deadly plant disease Sudden Oak Death and the havoc it's wreaking on Californian forests. 

Hi Friends! Welcome to Season 2 of The Regenerative Agriculture Podcast! Thank you for listening, spreading the word, and helping to make this show such a hit, while expanding our community in the fast-growing regenerative agriculture movement. It is my honor to be part of this community along with you as we launch Season 2 of this show. For this season-opening episode, we are immeasurably pleased to bring Dr. Don Huber back again, sharing more of his wealth of accumulated knowledge. Don was our first guest on the show in Season 1, and you can listen to the first-ever Regenerative Agriculture Podcast episode with Don, here. Dr. Don Huber is a leading plant pathologist, Professor Emeritus at Purdue University, and prolific author, contributor, or editor of more than 300 published academic writings and three books. For more than 50 years, Don has been a renowned researcher and principal voice in the field of crop-plant pathology, especially as it relates to the overlapping spheres of mineral fertility and microbial ecology. As a research partner, consultant or advisor, he has contributed to work in more than a dozen countries and been awarded numerous honors and awards for his copious scientific contributions. Critical among these, has been his work in: nitrogen efficiency; nitrification inhibitors; plant and microbial metabolite interactions; development of aminopeptidase profiling, whereby unknown micro-organisms can be rapidly identified and then cultured, by their amino acid profile; and copious work vastly furthering the understanding of mineral/ microbe/ disease/ herbicide interaction. There are some heavy science topics in this show that may compel your own further research. But no matter what or where you grow, there are some truly high-value practicalities laid out in this conversation. This all makes him a really exciting guest to have on the show. In this episode, listen as Dr. Don Huber covers the following and more: Reducing vs. non-reducing sugars and the role they play in energy storage and metabolism. High levels of reducing sugars (glucose and fructose) are an attractant of insects and disease. Manganese is an enzyme cofactor for the sucrose phosphate synthase enzyme that converts glucose and fructose. Reducing sugars are exuded from roots, attracting pythium, Phytophthora, actinomycetes, oomycetes. Non-reducing sugars are less exuded and a poorer food source for these organisms. Most soil pathogens remain dormant and harmless until activated by external nutrient sources. The grower can control this. In disease suppressive soils, soil bacteria colonize the resting structures of dormant fungal or oomycete spores, causing fungistasis, keeping them dormant. Reducing sugars, as root exudates, disrupt this suppression by giving bacteria a more ready food source. Airborne pathogens are also attracted to a deficient nutrient profile of the above-ground plant parts. Rusts require an exogenous source of Zinc on the leaf surface for spores to germinate. Siderophores can be prevented by antibiotics, nutritional integrity, and immune responses. Some early fungicides did not affect the fungus, but rather the amino acid profile of the plant, denying the fungus its food source. Apple Scab example. Aminopeptidase profiling that Don developed. Not directly practicable for farmers, but a fascinating and now commonly used lab practice, in microbiological research. Nitrogen is not just N, from the periodic table. Ammonium, Nitrate and Amino Nitrogen must be considered as unique substances, that affect systems differently and should be used differently. Molybdenum’s role in the Nitrate Reductase enzyme functioning, and other details on nitrogen conversion and storage. Ammonium is the most efficient form of Nitrogen for corn and wheat. Nitrate requires 12-16% of all sugars just to convert to a plant usable form. Ammonia, however, cannot be stored and must be metabolized as its taken up, which can be stressful for very small plants. Efficient urea use and its reliance on the relatively abundant urease enzyme to hydrolyze ammonia. At the end of the show, Don gives this reminder: “It’s truly remarkable how everything is integrated to such a dynamic degree that it all relates together… Just look at the whole picture and make sure that we're meeting the needs of the plant… We need to look for the specific elements, but recognize that they're all part of an integrated system.” ~Don Huber For more reading of Dr. Huber’s work, view his selected bibliography and further bio. Be sure to check out the links below as I have some exciting announcements to make! Enjoy! John and The Regenerative Agriculture Podcast team at AEA   PS...  I am excited to announce that, in alignment with my mission of making regenerative agriculture the new standard for agriculture, and due to popular demand, I am opening an online academy, the Regen.Ag Academy! The first course is entitled Precision Ag Nutrition Management, offering powerful and engaging information, along with 2 CEUs upon completion. We will be launching soon so signup for our Regen.Ag Academy email list here. In the introduction section of this episode, you will hear the amazing Seth Godin (author of 18 best-selling books) mention his new Business of Food Workshop. It is worth checking out. I find a terrific amount of value in Seth's workshops. If you are a large-scale grower of corn, popcorn, pinto beans, or other grains and broadacre crops, I welcome you to attend an event I will be hosting on February 27, The Regenerative Soil and Plant Health Academy and AEA grower lunch in Garden City, Kansas. Click here to learn more. Hope to see you there!   ~   Support For This Show This show is brought to you by AEA, leaders in regenerative agriculture since 2006. If you are a large-scale grower looking to increase crop revenue and quality, email hello@advancingecoag.com or call 800-495-6603 extension 344 to be connected with a dedicated AEA crop consultant.   Sign Up For Email Updates To be alerted via email when new episodes are released, and get special updates about John speaking, teaching, and podcast LIVE recordings, be sure to sign up for The Regenerative Agriculture Podcast email list.   Feedback & Booking Please send your feedback, requests for topics or guests, or booking request have a Podcast episode recorded LIVE at your event -- to production@regenerativeagriculturepodcast.com. You can email John directly at John@regenerativeagriculturepodcast.com.   Credits This episode was Directed by Geoffrey Shively and Nathan Harman, Edited by Nathan Harman, Produced by Nathan Harman, Jenna Sodano, Robin Kitowski, and Anna Kempf.  

John Kempf and Ed Curry take the stage in Louisville, KY at the ACRES Conference 2018 — a hotbed for regenerative agriculture practitioners for the last 30 years — to record the Regenerative Agriculture Podcast’s first ever LIVE show. The Acres Conference isn’t just another trade show or conference; this is a gathering of passionate and purposeful people working to share information and tools, and challenge the status quo in agriculture for the greater good. This is why we chose Acres 2018 for our first ever Podcast LIVE and why John and Ed make such a great pair to co-create this inaugural episode at this event. Ed is an old-school breeder and grower with a new-school mentality. More than 90% of the green chiles grown in the US and Mexico are from Ed’s breeding program. He is now the only breeder of his kind in the world. Even if you don’t grow chiles, you can certainly learn something from this discussion. The show covers important topics such as: The art of visual phenotyping Soil health’s impact on genetics Increase in yield by maximizing genetic potential over time Visually measuring the yield and quality of a chile crop within 30 days of planting The relationship between early vigor and crop yield How Ed’s management practices have brought steady decreases in Phytophthora and Xanthomonas bacterial spot Ed’s prediction for the coming capsaicin revolution and its many positive benefits One of the most powerful things Ed says is, “The soul of farming is the soil.” We agree. The finale of our first season, episode #30, represents a huge milestone and our first ever Podcast LIVE. A huge THANK YOU is in order to all our amazing listeners around the world in the regenerative ag community who have supported this show and helped to make it such a success. We hope you have a lovely holiday and we look forward to sharing the second season of the Regenerative Agriculture Podcast with you in the new year. Thank you, The Regenerative Agriculture Podcast Team     Support For This Show & Helping You Grow This show is brought to you by AEA, leaders in regenerative agriculture since 2006. If you are a large-scale grower looking to increase crop revenue and quality, email hello@advancingecoag.com or call 800-495-6603 extension 344 to be connected with a dedicated AEA crop consultant.     Feedback & Booking Please send your feedback, requests for topics or guests, or booking request have a Podcast episode recorded LIVE at your event -- to production@regenerativeagriculturepodcast.com. You can email John directly at John@regenerativeagriculturepodcast.com.     Sign Up For Special Updates To be alerted via email when new episodes are released, and get special updates about John speaking, teaching, and podcast LIVE recordings, be sure to sign up for our email list.   Credits This episode was Directed by Geoffrey Shively, Edited by Nathan Harman, Produced by Nathan Harman, Robin Kitowski, Jenna Sodano, and Anna Kempf.

Testing kauri seedlings to find individual trees that might be resistant to kauri dieback disease, and native forest birds are thriving in Wellington city parks and reserves.

Researchers at Scion hope that thousands of tiny kauri seedlings might include some that are resistant to kauri dieback disease.

Testing kauri seedlings to find individual trees that might be resistant to kauri dieback disease, and native forest birds are thriving in Wellington city parks and reserves.

Researchers at Scion hope that thousands of tiny kauri seedlings might include some that are resistant to kauri dieback disease.

To have our venerable forest giant die before us is making us realise that even far from all other countries on our planet - that we too can be affected by something that is microscopic and beneath our feet that can destroy a living treasure that can live to 2,000 years of age. It’s called Kauri dieback. Kauri dieback is the deadly kauri disease caused by Phytophthora taxon Agathis. Following DNA studies, this fungus-like disease was formally identified in 2008 as a distinct and previously undescribed species of Phytophthora. Kauri dieback is specific to New Zealand kauri and can kill trees of all ages. Microscopic spores in the soil infect kauri roots and damage the tissues that carry nutrients within the tree. Infected trees show a range of symptoms including yellowing of foliage, loss of leaves, canopy thinning, dead branches and lesions that bleed gum at the base of the trunk. Nearly all infected kauri die. In the past 10 years, kauri dieback has killed thousands of kauri in New Zealand. Kauri is NZ’s canary in the coal mine with this organism and there are hundreds of different phytophthora around our planet. The potato famine in Ireland was cause by a phytophthora and there is one in Australia called cinnamomi that is devastating forests in South West Australia. Mels states that NZ authorities are not yet serious about this and our inaction is enabling this disease to spread Because ecologists call kauri a key stone species - it is just not one species - as it changes the soil type underneath a kauri forest over the millennia to something called pod sol - which is a very leached soil type and they do this to support themselves and support other organisms that like to live with kauri (symbiosis) and kauri becomes surrounded by its friends. Up to 17 different species that can survive alongside kauri. And this symbiotic relations is totally unique globally and if we loose our kauri, we will loose all these other organisms that depend on kauri as well. Thus she says it is not much to stretch this - that if no action is taken we could have extinction right throughout Northland. As this die off is doubling every 5 years. Monitoring Report faults foot traffic for spreading it. In August of 2017, the Auckland Council released a monitoring report showing that the places with the most foot traffic, particularly Piha and the Cascades and especially Piha have a risk of kauri going extinct in the next 5 years. Because the spread now is so large and has increased so much that if it doubles again - that in the next 5 years there will be no kauri in Piha. The Auckland Council report - states quite clearly and in stark terms that if we do not change the management of our kauri forests in the Wairakere ranges - we risk losing all of the kauri. The problem - These spores are carried by foot born human traffic and also mountain bikes that are then used in other areas of the forest.  These tiny spores in the soil and mud, cling to our shoes or bike tires and the spread becomes easy. It’s a bio security crisis affecting all of the kauri in New Zealand. The range of Kauri in NZ is less than point 1% of what is was originally. Before people settled in New Zealand, forest containing kauri covered much of the Coromandel Peninsula and northern areas throughout North Auckland. Today, the remaining 7,455 hectares of mature kauri forest is scattered in remnant patches. Drastic Action Required There are up to a million visitors walking the Waitakere Park annually. Mels states the if we do not do something drastic as the management has been sporadic and patchy and wife we do nothing - we will lose our kauri. Shoe cleaning stations are on many /most tracks to disinfect their shoes & boots, but unfortunately many people are not doing this small practice - the cleaning stations are quite rudimentary and people are spraying their muddy soles thinking it is a magical spray. But as a somewhat benign spray it is not killing this organism. It needs to be a really, really good clean of your shoes and then a spray … and due to the condition of many of the tracks - mud is going to be moved around and deposited along these tracks and this is the crux of the problem. The tracks in the Waitakere ranges Mels says are in an exceptionally poor state. For up to 20 years very little attention. She mentions that where stands of kauri are there are strategic scrub and spray stations - that the imperative is to use them every single time you came to one. Not just once scrub and spray before going into the forest or one when you are leaving the forest.  Because these ‘stations’ are strategically placed around all the different kauri and if you do not scrub and spray  - you will just spread the contaminated mud to where the healthy kauri’s are - and there lies the problem - people are too unconscious to make a real effort, hence the rapid increase of this dieback. Visitors are not using scrub and spray stations Some of the Auckland council sites have been monitored for compliance - however it has been estimated that of the one million visitors year only 20% are scrubbing and spraying. This translates to 800,000 people wandering around with this disease of their feet - causing this problem to rapidly spread. Rats, possums birds and pigs are being blamed for moving this disease around but the monitoring has proved that it is always along the tracks that pass by kauri is where all the die off it happening. Auckland Council has completed 2 major surveys of the Waitakere ranges in 2011 &2016  and clearly find that it is human foot traffic that is going up to trees, as these are the trees that are dying off.  Trees that hide away from the tracks seem to be doing very well. 22,744 trees have been surveyed by helicopter and locked in by GPS and survey teams have checked each tree to do a health analysis. Note it is not known how long it takes from infection until symptoms are expressed. The Tree Council fb page  - check the map - it’s like a cancer spreading along the tracks. The Hillary Trail is badly infected … The Cascades are bad too - over 20,000 people a day in summer - Piha has a lots people too.  Very popular with runners too - hence this all adds to the infection along these tracks. Pigs, rats, birds and possums are not to blame. That she says it is not the pig, rats, birds and possums that are the cause as we would see are far more even distribution of across kauri and all over the ranges - but this is not so, as this contamination is happening all along the track network. These animals do not exclusively use the track network like humans do.   This makes it clear that it is a human problem. The surveys show that 75% of trees infected lie within 50 metres of a track . Pigs are a problem, and need to be sorted but not the major cause by any stretch. But they are less than 25% of the problem and we humans are 75% of the problem and this is what we need to sort out. Mels says that we humans need to own this and get it sorted. Accept responsibility for it and stop making excuses and take action. She says that we would not see the doubling of the disease if it was only animals doing it. The Hunua’s are another Auckland Council area forest that has no kauri dieback - so the imperative is to make sure that this dieback does not happen there - It has been surveyed exactly like the Waiitakere ranges - and the Tree Council is confident that there is no infection in the Hunua’s. The Coromandel has a tiny number of infection sites - Northland has some infection but has not been surveyed like Auckland council have done, thus we do not know the scale of it, but it’s in Waipoua Forest and Trounson Park and on Great Barrier island too.   Infection of other forests - Mels says is a matter of time, not if … Maori have said enough! This is what Te Kawerau e Maki the local iwi (tribe)  - the mana whena for the Waitakere’s have said - Enough!    Saying we need to get humans out of the forest and let it heal and for us to take action. This is the forest they are kaitiaki of - that they are the guardians  - to lose the kauri the Te Kawerau e maki - lose who they are … They want a ‘rahui’ placed on the whole Waitakere area Rahui is a closure and an exclusion of people from their normal activities - to let natural systems heal and regenerate - wanting us to respect the forest for this process to take place. They will be doing this very soon. Having asked the Auckland Council to do this under the sanction of a controlled area notice under the BioSecurity Act. Anyone found inside this exclusion zone woods be in breach of the BioSecurity Act. Thus is backed by the Tree Council, Forest & Bird Society and the Friends of Regional Parks and the Waitakere Protection Society. They have all said this is what Auckland Council needs to do. Mels say that Auckland Council must get in and move this whole initiative forward and if not the NZ Government may see fit to come in over the top of the Council - and force it to implement the closure, and then Auckland Council will lose all control over this process.  Listen Stating this is a national crisis for this toanga - treasure  this keynote species that is unique that grows for up to 2,000 years  - it is estimated . She says it is not about spoiling every ones fun or a killjoy or exaggerating the scale of the problem  - this is a critical time - it’s about the survival of a giant mega flora species. She wants the tracks to be brought online again once the tracks have been upgraded so as to not facilitate the spread of the disease - this way we can get people back into the Waitakere to once again to bathe in the magnificence of the cool shade and beauty that the Waitakere forest harbour. We must remember that is was only in 2007 that Kauri dieback was first noticed Education Education of New Zealanders is important. Because she does not want people to.be closed out forever it’s just a necessity now .. a temporary closure.  To then rebuild the tracks and make them safe bio security wise. Myrtle Rust another very recent problem in NZ. Myrtle rust is mentioned too as an airborne disease and this now has been found in various areas of NZ -   A great danger to NZ Christmas tree the pohutukawa. If seen -  don’t touch, just photo and call the appropriate bio security authorities or Auckland Council. There is another fungal disease in Hawaii  discovered in 2014 - called the Ohi  which lives in the soil, causing leaves to turn black and fall off killing a tree in s matter of weeks. They find that human movement is the cause of spreading this disease. They say that NZ pohutukawa tree could be at risk. It has affected about 75,000 acres of forest on the big Island of Hawaii and has now spread to Tahiti. Mels says we have to future proof our forests  - infrastructure that has to last another 50 years has to be planned for and put in place. Call to Future Proof our Forests This disease in some ways is an opportunity for humans to step up and wisely future proof our forests, our infrastructure and tracks, our biodiversity and get on top of biosecurity at every entry point in NZ. She says one of the reasons she came to live NZ was to walk and hang out in NZ bush and forests  and show them to friends and overseas visitors Mels say that this disease may find other hosts other than kauri and we are finding that tanekaha is being affected - so this is why the urgency for NZers, Councils and the National Government to get in and educates the masses to support a major action to save what we cherish. Kauri root system is shallow, sensitive and close to the surface making it vulnerable - listen Mels then tells of the biological story of the roots and how a forest giant of a kauri succumbs to these tiny microorganisms cause starvation to the colossus above. That Kauri cannot evolve fast enough due to the rapid appearance of this disease to build up its own immunity once again Germination of seeds that then grow around the base of the Kauri as in a nursery - that may stay very small for 30 years or more - when a nearby tree dies and falls then the seedling take off and grow in the space provided to fill that gap. Kauri does not keep its seeds for long - it instead has a ‘live’ nursery that stays within the umbrella of the above foliage - but with this disease the seedlings cannot withstand it and they die - so there is no generation alive to take off and grow when the parent kauri dies. She wants urgent Council action - before summer of December 2017-18 as there will be 100’s of thousands of people tramping more disease around Get behind the rahui. Auckland Council is to spend $51.48 million on kauri die back over the next 10 years Waitakere Forests are in many ways the ‘Jewel in the Crown of Auckland.’ She says that after the rahui - this process of opening new tracks etc can happen in stages - this is not a bad news story. Incrementally open tracks once the fundamentals are in place. Mels spell sit out -  the strategy the mindfulness to get it right - with the education and championed by the Auckland Council in symphony with Maori. Mels states we need all the firepower of NZ’s science - as we do not know what else this disease infects and how to actually destroy and eliminate it. These 2 fundamental questions have not even been started in the last 9 years  - Mels socks it to the scientific ineptitude in dismissing the urgency of what is attacking our venerated kauri - under the NZ Government’s MPI - the Ministry of Primary Industries. Investment is needed into our future. She lets it rip in the end. www.KauriRescue.org.nz

På ett fält i Skåne växer potatisplantor som står emot angrepp av bladmögel och brunröta. I vanliga fall besprutar lantbrukare sina potatisodlingar uppåt tio gånger per år för att skydda dem mot angrepp, men forskaren Erik Andreassons plantor på fältet i Borgeby är försedda med ett arvsanlag som ger motståndskraft mot algsvampen Phytophthora infestans – oomyceten som orsakar de här angreppen. Eriks forskning handlar om att göra så att potatissorter, som är goda och har bra odlingsegenskaper, också blir motståndskraftiga mot sjukdomar. Häng med till Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet i Alnarp och till Eriks fältförsök.

A lab-on-a-chip developed at the University of Canterbury is allowing biologists to measure the minute force generated by a single fungal thread.

A lab-on-a-chip developed at the University of Canterbury is allowing biologists to measure the minute force generated by a single fungal thread.

Microbes, such as the fungi-like kauri dieback disease, use chemicals to sense their world - and understanding this might help us to develop new treatments.

Microbes, such as the fungi-like kauri dieback disease, use chemicals to sense their world - and understanding this might help us to develop new treatments.

MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS AND BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF PHYTOPHTHORA ROOT ROT IN PEPPER AND FUSARIUM WILT IN MUSKMELON Josefa Blaya Fernández Lectura de Tesis Doctoral Realizada en el Dpto. de Agroquímica y Medio Ambiente Directores: Dr. D. José Antonio Pascual Valero Dra. Dña. Margarita Matilde Ros Muñoz 2 de Abril de 2015 PLAN DIVULGA UMH 2015 Servicio de Innovación y Apoyo Técnico a la Docencia y a la Investigación. Vicerrectorado de Investigación e Innovación. Universidad Miguel Hernández

Our guest this morning was Professor Matteo Garbelotto, our local authoritative expert on Sudden Oak Death. "Professor Matteo" is with Bob's alma mater, University of California at Berkeley; on the web site there, listeners can find interactive maps of the Bay Area showing where the disease is spreading, and can register for classes to learn how to identify and combat this deadly disease. Sudden Oak Death is caused by a Phytophthora ramorum, that is to say, a microscopic algae-like life form that invades and chokes native oak trees, causing sudden death.

It's been dubbed the foot and mouth of the tree world. Phytophthora ramorum or sudden oak death as its commonly known is ravaging forests across the UK resulting in millions of trees being cut down. The disease has spread from the South West to Wales, the peaks and even as far north as the Isle of Mull. But experts say they are finding fewer and fewer new outbreaks. Today on Open Country, Helen Mark visits The South West, the region that's hardest hit, to find out what impact this disease is continuing to have on the countryside and whether there are signs that we are finally getting on top of it. Presenter: Helen Mark. Producer : Anna Varle.

The coevolutionary arms race between hosts and pathogens is often described as a recurrent struggle for increased resistance in hosts and evasion of recognition by pathogens. These coevolutionary dynamics dominated by balancing selection lead to the maintenance of allelic diversity at genes involved in interactions between hosts and pathogens. In plant-pathogen interactions, the current paradigm posits that the specific defence response is activated upon recognition of a specific pathogen effector through the corresponding resistance (R) gene in the host. Numerous studies demonstrated that balancing selection acts on these R genes. However, little is known about the evolutionary mechanisms shaping other molecules not directly involved in pathogen recognition, but nevertheless playing an important role in defence signal activation. In this thesis I investigate the evolutionary forces acting at these genes in wild tomato species (Solanum sp.). First, I focus on Rcr3, a ‘guardee’, i.e. target of pathogen effectors secreted by the fungus Cladosporium fulvum and the oomycete Phytophthora infestans in tomato plants. Specific activation of the defence response occurs when R genes (the ‘guards’) sense the modification of the ‘guardee’ by pathogen effectors (‘Guard-Hypothesis’). These interactions between effector, ‘guardee’ and ‘guard’, are expected to favour contrasting evolutionary forces acting on the guardee. I study the pattern of sequence evolution and functional consequences of natural sequence variation on host resistance and show that the evolution of Rcr3 is characterized by gene duplication, gene conversion and balancing selection in wild tomato species. Investigating the functional characteristics of 54 natural variants through in vitro and in planta assays, I reveal differences in the strength of the defence response, but not in pathogen recognition specificity. These results suggest that functional diversity may be maintained at the ‘guardee’ (Rcr3) through the coevolution with its ‘guard’ because natural selection favours improved transduction of the defence signal or avoidance of auto-immune response. Second, I study the pattern of polymorphism in one population of the wild tomato species S. peruvianum at five genes (Pto, Fen, Rin4, Prf and Pfi) involved in a common defence signalling network. This network contributes to resistance against the bacterium Pseudomonas syringae. Two of these genes, Pto and Pfi, exhibit a signature of balancing selection but only Pto is known to directly interact with pathogen ligands in pathogen recognition. Pfi however was found to function further ‘downstream’ in the network. These results suggest that pathogens may target genes at different positions of the resistance networks to manipulate or nullify host resistance. I further investigate the evolution of these two genes in three recently diverged sister species (S. peruvianum, S. corneliomulleri and S. chilense) using a species wide sampling approach. Both genes exhibit trans-species polymorphism, but it is shown that at the Pto gene this is most likely due to recent introgression of favourable alleles, where Pfi1 exhibits ancestral trans-species polymorphism. Interestingly, Pfi shows signature of enhanced divergence between species, suggesting that this gene may represent a potential example of Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibility. Altogether, these results suggest that coevolution occurs not only at genes of interaction between hosts and pathogens, but as well at genes indirectly involved in recognition (guardees) or signal transduction. Understanding the evolution of the plant immune system requires therefore extending the scope of functional and population genetics studies to signalling molecules in defence networks.

Phytophthora cinnamoni and other species of Phytophthora are a common problem for landscape plants. Phytophthora and laurel oak ( Quercus laurifolia ) have lived simultaneously in the southeast United States for close to 200 years, but recently the fungi has become a serious issue among laurel oaks. Join us for this episode of Science of Arboriculture as Dr. Steve Jeffers discusses this problem, and treatment methods for preventing death among laurel oaks.

:Phytophthora cinnamoni and other species of Phytophthora are a common problem for landscape plants. This fungi causes root and crown rots. Phytophthora and laurel oak ( Quercus laurifolia ) have lived simultaneously in the southeast United States for close to 200 years, but recently the fungi has become a serious issue among laurel oaks. Join us for this episode of Science of Arboriculture as Dr. Steve Jeffers discusses this problem, and treatment methods for preventing death among laurel oaks.

Mon, 30 Oct 2006 12:00:00 +0100 https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6087/ https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/6087/1/Valer-Saldana_Karina.pdf Valer-Saldaña, Karina ddc:500, ddc:570, Fakultät für Biologie

Glucans, with the (1-3)-b-glucosidic linkage as major feature, are present in most of the higher plants, in many lower plants, as well as in microorganisms (Stone and Clarke, 1992). The synthesis of (1-3)-b-glucan in vivo is catalysed by the enzyme (1-3)-b-glucan synthase (EC 2.4.1.34; UDP-glucose:1,3-b-D-glucan 3-b-D-glucosyl transferase) using UDP-glucose as substrate. The (1-3)-b-glucan synthase was characterised in a number of fungi and plants, but not much work was done with oomycetes (Stone and Clarke, 1992), even though one of the earliest successful in vitro assays for glucan synthase activity was done using Phytophthora cinnamomi (Wang and Bartnicki-Garcia, 1976, Selitrennikoff 1995). In this work, the glucan synthase of the oomycete Phytophthora sojae was characterised, solubilized, and partially purified, and the cDNA for a protein co-purifying with the glucan synthase activity was cloned. The glucan synthase of P. sojae had several features that distinguish it from what is known for glucan synthases from fungi and plants (callose synthases). Its apparent Km value for UDP-glucose was higher than reported for other glucan synthases. The activity was GTP-independent and shown not to be activated by divalent cations like Mg2+ or Ca2+, and shown to be inhibited by some others, like Cu2+ or Zn2+. Some of these properties are shared with the glucan synthase from Achlya ambisexualis (Cabib and Kang, 1987), an organism that belongs to the same kingdom as P. sojae: the Chromista. It was also demonstrated by NMR analysis and enzymatic degradation that the sole product of the CHAPS-solubilized glucan synthase of P. sojae was composed of long linear (1-3)-b-glucan chains. The glucan synthase was purified by product entrapment. Two proteins, with apparent molecular masses of 108 and 50 kDa, were enriched and microsequenced. With the degenerated oligonucleotides derived from the sequenced peptides, PCR experiments were performed using as a template a cDNA library of actively growing P. sojae mycelium. No positive result could be obtained by using the oligonucleotides derived from the 108 kDa protein. In contrast, a full length cDNA (named Ps-P50) was cloned, using the oligonucleotides derived from the 50 kDa protein (P50). The deduced amino acid sequence of Ps-P50 cDNA contains sequence motifs homologous to the peptides sequenced from P50. This cDNA encodes a protein with a molecular mass of 49.991 Da with no homology found in the data bases. Diversity between the PCR product and the cDNA clone, and various different homologous ESTs indicates that Ps-P50 is a member of a gene family.

The antibacterial effect of the soybean phytoalexin glyceollin was assayed using a liquid microculture technique. Log-phase cells of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Sinorhizobium fredii were sensitive to glyceollin. As revealed by growth rates and survival tests, these species were able to tolerate glyceollin after adaptation. Incubation in low concentrations of the isoflavones genistein and daidzein induced resistance to potentially bactericidal concentrations of glyceollin. This inducible resistance is not due to degradation or detoxification of the phytoalexin. The inducible resistance could be detected in B. japonicum 110spc4 and 61A101, representing the two taxonomically divergent groups of this species, as well as in S. fredii HH103, suggesting that this trait is a feature of all soybean-nodulating rhizobia. Glyceollin resistance was also inducible in a nodDlD2YABC deletion mutant of B. japonicum 110spc4, suggesting that there exists another recognition site for flavonoids besides the nodD genes identified so far. Exudate preparations from roots infected with Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycinea exhibited a strong bactericidal effect toward glyceollin-sensitive cells of B. japonicum. This killing effect was not solely due to glyceollin since purified glyceollin at concentrations similar to those present in exudate preparations had a much lower toxicity. However, glyceollin-resistant cells were also more resistant to exudate preparations than glyceollin-sensitive cells. Isoflavonoid-inducible resistance must therefore be ascribed an important role for survival of rhizobia in the rhizosphere of soybean roots.