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Sumi, Caitríona and Bernd dig into a big week for President Trump, who is celebrating his 80th birthday - just weeks ahead of America's 250th - with UFC Freedom 250, an invite-only MMA fight on the South Lawn of the White House. Bernd reports back from the venue, where a 92-foot structure now towers over the executive mansion, while Caitríona runs through the practical headaches: searing heat, the threat of thunderstorms, swarming bugs and a fight card slimmed down from its original ambitions. The team also unpicks the controversy - a lawsuit from local residents calling it an "aesthetic injury", Trump's long relationship with UFC boss Dana White, and reports that UFC's parent company expects to make a hefty loss on the night.Why do it? The presenters explore the politics of Trump's sporting embrace - from NASCAR to the Knicks, where footage appeared to show him being booed (he says he received a great reception) - and whether the White House is using events like this to shore up support among young men. Then it's on to the World Cup: fans reporting visa delays and rejections, astronomical ticket prices, fears of immigration raids at watch parties, and Iran's team reportedly basing itself in Mexico. The White House insists America will be welcoming and secure - but can a global celebration of football rise above the politics, or will the controversies steal the show?
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Fluent Fiction - Korean: Finding Confidence in the Urban Jungle: Jinwoo's Festival Story Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/ko/episode/2026-05-23-07-38-19-ko Story Transcript:Ko: 도시의 정글은 항상 분주했다.En: The urban jungle was always bustling.Ko: 큰 거리에는 사람들이 바쁘게 걸어다니고, 빛나는 간판들이 눈부시게 반짝거렸다.En: On the main streets, people walked busily, and the brightly lit signs dazzled with their sparkle.Ko: 이 곳에는 최신 유행을 따라온 다양한 상점들이 즐비하다.En: This place was lined with various stores following the latest trends.Ko: 진우는 수미와 대현과 함께 봄 햇살을 맞으며 거리를 걷고 있었다.En: Jinwoo was walking down the street with Sumi and Daehyun, basking in the spring sunshine.Ko: 여름 축제를 위한 완벽한 옷을 찾기 위해서였다.En: They were looking for the perfect outfit for the summer festival.Ko: 진우는 완벽주의자였다.En: Jinwoo was a perfectionist.Ko: 그는 친구들에게 깊은 인상을 남기고 싶었다. 특히 여름 축제 때 멋지게 보이고 싶었다.En: He wanted to leave a strong impression on his friends, especially wanting to look great at the summer festival.Ko: 하지만 그의 지갑은 무겁지 않았다.En: However, his wallet was not heavy.Ko: 그래서 그는 다양한 상점들 사이에서 신중하게 고르며 고민하고 있었다.En: So, he was carefully considering his choices among the various shops.Ko: "여기 어때?" 수미가 물었다. 그녀는 화려한 패턴의 셔츠를 들고 있었다.En: "How about this?" Sumi asked, holding up a shirt with a flashy pattern.Ko: 진우는 다시 한번 그 셔츠를 바라봤다.En: Jinwoo looked at the shirt again.Ko: 마음에 들긴 했지만, 가격표는 그리 호감가지 않았다.En: He liked it, but the price tag was not appealing.Ko: 대현은 언제나 단순한 것을 추구했다.En: Daehyun always aimed for simplicity.Ko: "진우야, 솔직히 중요한 것은 옷이 아니라 네 자신이야. 뭘 입든지 네가 하고 싶은 대로 해,"라고 충고했다.En: "Honestly, Jinwoo, what's important is not the clothes but yourself. Wear whatever you want," he advised.Ko: 진우는 고개를 끄덕였다.En: Jinwoo nodded.Ko: 하지만 그럼에도 불구하고 그는 더 멋진 선택을 원했다.En: Nevertheless, he still wanted a more stylish choice.Ko: 예산이 한정되어 있어 선택지는 한정적이었다.En: With a limited budget, his options were limited.Ko: 그때, 진우의 눈에 들어온 것이 있었다.En: Then, something caught Jinwoo's eye.Ko: 작은 액세서리 가게의 창가에 독특한 목걸이가 있었다.En: In the window of a small accessory shop, there was a unique necklace.Ko: 그것은 직관적이고 특별했다.En: It was intuitive and special.Ko: 진우의 심장이 뛰기 시작했다.En: Jinwoo's heart started to race.Ko: 그 목걸이는 비싸지 않았다.En: The necklace was not expensive.Ko: 그리고 그가 고른 평범한 셔츠와 완벽하게 어울렸다.En: And it matched perfectly with the plain shirt he had picked.Ko: 목걸이를 걸치고 나니, 진우는 자신감에 차올랐다.En: Once he put on the necklace, Jinwoo filled with confidence.Ko: 축제 날, 진우는 그 목걸이를 걸쳤다.En: On the day of the festival, Jinwoo wore the necklace.Ko: 그는 평범한 옷을 입었지만 당당했다.En: He wore plain clothes but felt proud.Ko: 그가 알아차린 것은 옷이 아니었다.En: What he realized was that it wasn't the clothes.Ko: 자신감 있는 모습은 그의 가장 큰 매력이라는 것을.En: His confident demeanor was his greatest charm.Ko: 그는 더 이상 완벽을 추구하지 않았다.En: He no longer pursued perfection.Ko: 오히려 창의적이고 자신만의 스타일을 찾는데 더 집중하기로 했다.En: Instead, he decided to focus more on finding his own unique style.Ko: 진우는 비로소 물질적 완벽보다 자신의 표현이 더 가치 있다는 것을 배웠다.En: Jinwoo finally learned that self-expression was more valuable than material perfection.Ko: 그 날, 도시의 정글은 또 한번 그의 발걸음을 즐겼다.En: That day, the urban jungle once again enjoyed his footsteps. Vocabulary Words:urban: 도시의jungle: 정글bustling: 분주했다dazzled: 눈부시게trends: 유행perfectionist: 완벽주의자impression: 인상wallet: 지갑carefully: 신중하게choices: 선택지flashy: 화려한pattern: 패턴simplicity: 단순한advised: 충고했다intuitive: 직관적unique: 독특한race: 뛰기confident: 자신감 있는demeanor: 모습charm: 매력pursue: 추구하다focus: 집중expression: 표현valuable: 가치material: 물질적enjoyed: 즐겼다footsteps: 발걸음lining: 즐비하다considering: 고민하고budget: 예산
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Kamikaze Dolphins. They're Still Hitting “Drug Boats”. Trump Wins Payback in Indiana. DJT's Workout Schedule. FDA Blocked Release of Research Finding Covid & Shingles Vax Were Safe. Colbert 2028? Ted Turner, RIP. Bye, Spirit! They're playing name games to dodge accountability. Operation Epic Fury became Project Freedom overnight — and Congress still hasn't authorized a damn thing. In episode 515, Paul Rieckhoff delivers a solo briefing on Trump's Iran proposal, the unsecured Strait of Hormuz, the enriched uranium still sitting in Tehran, and a regime that's still very much in place. New name, same war. Same forever war. And the most powerful military the world has ever seen is being driven all gas, no brakes by one man with no one stopping him. From there Paul rips through the stories most cable shows are too scared or too distracted to cover: 180-plus people killed in extrajudicial boat strikes, a national debt now bigger than the entire U.S. economy, a $1.5 trillion defense budget request, the FDA suppressing vaccine safety data, kamikaze dolphin questions at the Pentagon, Russian strikes on a kindergarten in Sumi, and the fight for the soul of the GOP playing out in Indiana and Kentucky. He closes with a case for recruiting more independent celebrity candidates, a sendoff for Ted Turner and the cable news era he built, and a reminder that 45% of Americans are now politically homeless — and that's not a problem, that's the movement. -WATCH full video of this episode here. -Join IVA and stand up to Trump's Forever Wars. -Learn more about Paul's work to elect a new generation of independent leaders with Independent Veterans of America. -Learn more about American Veterans for Ukraine here. -Remember Independent is an Attitude. -Learn more about The Headstrong Project for Veterans, Tragedy Assistance Program for Survivors (TAPS), and Department of Veterans Affairs resources in your area. Seeking support is not a sign of weakness. It's a show of strength. If you or a loved one are in immediate crisis, dial 988 and press 1, or text 838255. Connect with Independent Americans: Subscribe on YouTube, Spotify, Apple Podcasts, and all podcast platforms Read more at Substack Support ad-free episodes at Patreon Connect: Instagram • X/Twitter • BlueSky • Facebook Follow on social: @PaulRieckhoff on X, Instagram, Threads, and Bluesky -Join the movement. Hook into our exclusive Patreon community of Independent Americans. Get extra content, connect with guests, meet other Independent Americans, attend events, get merch discounts, and support this show that speaks truth to power. -And get cool IA and Righteous hats, t-shirts and other merch now in time for the new year. Independent Americans is powered by veteran-owned and led Righteous Media. And now part of the BLEAV network! Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.
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Fluent Fiction - Korean: Blossoms & Bargains: The Harmony of Tradition and Modernity Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/ko/episode/2026-05-02-22-34-01-ko Story Transcript:Ko: 봄날의 햇살이 따뜻하게 내리쬐는 날, 지수, 민호, 수미는 남산 한옥마을을 찾아갔다.En: On a day when the spring sunshine was warmly shining down, Jisoo, Minho, and Sumi visited Namsan hanok village.Ko: 아름다운 한옥들이 줄지어 서 있는 이곳은 서울의 보물 같은 장소였다.En: This place, lined with beautiful hanoks, was like a treasure spot in Seoul.Ko: 벚꽃이 만개한 거리에는 분위기 좋은 가게들과 전통 물건을 파는 상점들이 즐비했다.En: The street, where cherry blossoms were in full bloom, was filled with cozy stores and shops selling traditional items.Ko: 지수는 자신의 가족 모임에 어울리는 전통 선물을 찾기 위해 여정을 시작했다.En: Jisoo began her journey to find a traditional gift suitable for her family gathering.Ko: 그녀는 한국의 전통을 사랑하고, 이를 미국에서 온 사촌 수미에게 보여주고 싶었다.En: She loved Korean traditions and wanted to show them to her cousin Sumi from America.Ko: 하지만 수미는 전통의 중요성을 의심하는 눈치였다.En: However, Sumi seemed skeptical about the importance of tradition.Ko: 민호는 그녀의 가장 친한 친구로, 소박한 예술가였다.En: Minho was her best friend, a humble artist.Ko: 그는 오래된 것에 새로움을 덧입히는데 항상 즐거움을 찾았다.En: He always found joy in blending newness with old things.Ko: "여기서 뭐라고 사야 할지 모르겠다," 지수가 말했다. "전통적이면서도 현대적인 걸 찾고 싶어."En: "I'm not sure what to buy here," Jisoo said. "I want something that's traditional yet modern."Ko: "걱정 마, 좀 더 깊이 들어가 보자. 거기서 더 좋은 걸 찾을 수 있을지도 몰라," 민호가 말했다.En: "Don't worry, let's delve a little deeper. We might find something better in there," Minho replied.Ko: 지수, 민호, 수미는 함께 골목길을 따라 걸으며 다양한 전통 상점을 살펴봤다.En: Together, Jisoo, Minho, and Sumi walked along the alleys, exploring various traditional shops.Ko: 민호는 전통 물건에 현대 예술을 결합하는 방법을 제안하며 지수를 계속 도왔다.En: Minho continued to help Jisoo by suggesting ways to combine modern art with traditional items.Ko: 수미는 그저 주변을 서성이며 즐기고 있었다.En: Sumi was just wandering around, enjoying her surroundings.Ko: 그러던 중, 지수는 현대적 감각이 더해진 한복 액세서리를 파는 가게를 발견했다.En: While doing so, Jisoo discovered a shop selling hanbok accessories with a modern twist.Ko: 색다른 장식품들이 그녀의 눈길을 사로잡았다.En: The unique decorations caught her eye.Ko: 지수는 흥정하기 시작했다.En: Jisoo began to bargain.Ko: 상인과의 대화는 긴장되었지만 그녀는 포기하지 않았다.En: Although the negotiation with the merchant was tense, she did not give up.Ko: 그러는 동안, 민호는 시장의 북적이는 풍경을 라이브 아트로 그려내고 있었다.En: In the meantime, Minho was capturing the bustling scene of the market through live art.Ko: 수미는 그 그림이 점점 완성되어가는 과정을 보며 호기심을 보였다.En: Sumi showed curiosity as she watched the artwork gradually take form.Ko: 결국 지수는 만족스러운 흥정으로 선물을 손에 넣었고, 수미는 민호의 그림 속 전통과 현대가 어우러진 매력을 발견했다.En: In the end, Jisoo acquired the gift through a satisfactory bargain, and Sumi discovered the allure of the blend of tradition and modernity in Minho's painting.Ko: 그녀는 그 작품을 구매하기로 결정하며 말했다. "이렇게 보니 전통이 얼마나 중요한지 조금은 알겠어."En: Upon deciding to purchase the piece, she said, "Looking at it this way, I can somewhat understand the importance of tradition."Ko: 지수는 미소 지으며 말했다. "전통과 현대가 조화를 이루는 걸 보니 나도 뿌듯해."En: With a smile, Jisoo said, "Seeing the harmony between tradition and modernity makes me proud too."Ko: 그날의 여행은 지수에게 전통과 현대의 조화에 대한 새로운 깨달음을 줬고, 수미에게는 한국 문화의 특별함을 전해주며 그들의 우정을 더욱 깊게 만들었다.En: That day's journey gave Jisoo a new insight into the blend of tradition and modernity, and for Sumi, it conveyed the uniqueness of Korean culture, deepening their friendship even more.Ko: 벚꽃이 흩날리는 길을 따라 세 사람은 즐거운 마음으로 걸어갔다.En: Along the path covered with fluttering cherry blossoms, the three walked with joy in their hearts. Vocabulary Words:treasure: 보물skeptical: 의심하는humble: 소박한delve: 깊이 들어가다allure: 매력harmony: 조화insight: 깨달음fluttering: 흩날리는journey: 여정acquired: 손에 넣었다blend: 어우러지다cousin: 사촌merchant: 상인bargain: 흥정capturing: 그려내다satisfactory: 만족스러운joy: 즐거움unique: 특별함exploring: 살펴봤다accessories: 액세서리decoration: 장식품negotiation: 대화surroundings: 주변gathering: 모임uniqueness: 특별함gradually: 점점bustling: 북적이는modernity: 현대성artist: 예술가conveyed: 전해주다
DANIEL LOPEZ é jornalista, professor e pastor. Neste episódio de “Ligando os Pontos”, ele vai bater um papo sobre o desaparecimento de vários cientistas nos EUA. Já o Vilela desapareceu pra China, mas eles não quiseram ficar com ele.
CONTENT EUROPE: From Lisbon, All3Media's Dug James – the man behind the global roll-out of The Traitors – discusses the format's incredible success and the tricks of adapting it for different markets [02:04]; BBC Studios' Sumi Connock, Fremantle's Vasha Wallace, Banijay's James Townley and Small World's Tim Crescenti on the latest challenges and opportunities shaping the formats business and where it's headed next [29:37].
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In this episode, content creator and small business owner Diego Footer highlights an affordable irrigation system that farms can try out: The Sumi Soaker. Subscribe for more content on sustainable farming, market farming tips, and business insights! Get market farming tools, seeds, and supplies at Modern Grower. Follow Modern Grower: Instagram Instagram Listen to other podcasts on the Modern Grower Podcast Network: Carrot Cashflow Farm Small Farm Smart Farm Small Farm Smart Daily The Growing Microgreens Podcast The Urban Farmer Podcast The Rookie Farmer Podcast In Search of Soil Podcast Check out Diego's books: Sell Everything You Grow on Amazon Ready Farmer One on Amazon **** Modern Grower and Diego Footer participate in the Amazon Services LLC. Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com.
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Fluent Fiction - Korean: Serenity & Silliness: A Meditation Adventure in Bukhansan Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/ko/episode/2026-04-14-07-38-19-ko Story Transcript:Ko: 지호와 수미는 어느 화창한 봄날, 부캉산 국립공원으로 향했습니다.En: Jiho and Sumi headed to Bukhansan National Park on a sunny spring day.Ko: 벚꽃과 진달래가 만개한 공원은 아름답고, 공기의 신선함이 몸과 마음을 상쾌하게 했습니다.En: The park, where cherry blossoms and azaleas were in full bloom, was beautiful, and the freshness of the air invigorated their bodies and minds.Ko: 오늘의 계획은 간단했습니다. 하이킹을 하면서 즐거운 시간을 보내고 우정을 다지는 것이었습니다.En: Their plan for the day was simple: to have a good time hiking and to strengthen their friendship.Ko: 하지만 그들은 뜻밖의 모험을 시작하게 되었습니다.En: However, they found themselves embarking on an unexpected adventure.Ko: 둘은 시작 지점에서 자신들이 신청한 명상 수업을 기다리고 있었습니다.En: The two were waiting at the starting point for the meditation class they had signed up for.Ko: "초급자 명상 수업"이라고 되어 있었기에 가벼운 마음으로 참석했습니다.En: Since it was labeled as a "beginner meditation class," they attended with light hearts.Ko: 그러나 강사가 등장했을 때, 지호와 수미는 살짝 당황했습니다.En: But they were slightly flustered when the instructor appeared.Ko: 강사는 미소 지으며 알려주었습니다. "오늘 우리는 여섯 시간 동안 침묵 속에서 명상할 것입니다."En: Smiling, the instructor informed them, "Today, we will be meditating in silence for six hours."Ko: 지호는 눈을 크게 떴습니다.En: Jiho widened his eyes.Ko: "여섯 시간이라고요?" 속으로 꿀꺽 침을 삼켰습니다.En: "Six hours?" he swallowed hard internally.Ko: 그는 조용함을 좋아하는 편이 아니었습니다.En: He wasn't exactly fond of silence.Ko: 수미는 지호의 불안한 표정을 보고 살짝 웃었습니다.En: Seeing Jiho's anxious expression, Sumi smiled slightly.Ko: 그녀는 조용한 시간을 즐길 준비가 되었습니다.En: She was ready to enjoy the quiet time.Ko: 명상이 시작되었습니다.En: The meditation began.Ko: 공원 한가운데 마련된 명상 장소는 기암절벽으로 둘러싸여 있어 고요했습니다.En: The meditation area, set in the middle of the park, was surrounded by rocky cliffs and was very serene.Ko: 처음에는 새들의 지저귐과 산바람 소리가 그들을 감쌌습니다.En: At first, the chirping of birds and the sound of the mountain breeze enveloped them.Ko: 지호는 잠시 참고 앉아 있었습니다.En: Jiho sat still for a while.Ko: 하지만 얼마 지나지 않아 지루함이 몰려왔습니다.En: But before long, boredom set in.Ko: 지호는 수미를 바라보며 잽싸게 얼굴을 찌푸렸습니다.En: Jiho looked at Sumi and quickly frowned.Ko: 수미는 웃음을 참고 고개를 저었습니다.En: Sumi shook her head, struggling to hold back laughter.Ko: 지호는 숨을 크게 들이마시며 조용한 호흡법을 시도해 보았습니다.En: Jiho took a deep breath and tried a silent breathing technique.Ko: 하지만 그 또한 곧 포기했습니다.En: But he soon gave up on that, too.Ko: 그는 손짓으로 재미있는 이야기를 만들어 수미에게 보여주려 했습니다.En: He gestured to create a funny story to share with Sumi.Ko: 시간이 흘렀습니다.En: Time passed.Ko: 모든 참가자가 깊은 명상에 잠긴 순간, 지호는 그만 큰 소리를 내고 재채기를 했습니다.En: Just as all the participants were deep in meditation, Jiho suddenly sneezed loudly.Ko: 순간 모든 사람의 명상이 깨졌습니다.En: At that moment, everyone's meditation was interrupted.Ko: 정적을 깨고 터진 재채기에 참가자들은 서로를 바라보며 웃음을 터트렸습니다.En: The sneeze that broke the silence caused the participants to look at each other and burst into laughter.Ko: 강사조차 어이없다는 듯 웃었습니다.En: Even the instructor smiled in disbelief.Ko: 끝내 명상은 웃음으로 가득 찼습니다.En: In the end, the meditation was filled with laughter.Ko: 지호는 자신이 실수를 했다고 생각했지만, 모든 사람은 그 순간을 즐기는 듯 보였습니다.En: Jiho thought he had made a mistake, but everyone seemed to enjoy the moment.Ko: 그날의 명상 수업은 엄숙함 대신 즐거움으로 가득했습니다.En: That day's meditation class was full of joy instead of solemnity.Ko: 그날 저녁, 지호는 깨달았습니다. "가끔은 규칙을 깨는 것도 좋을 수 있어."En: That evening, Jiho realized, "Sometimes it's okay to break the rules."Ko: 수미는 이렇게 답했습니다. "네 덕분에 오늘이 특별했어. 그래서 네가 내 베스트 프렌드야."En: Sumi replied, "You made today special. That's why you're my best friend."Ko: 부캉산의 봄은 그렇게 두 사람에게 잊을 수 없는 추억을 남겼습니다.En: The spring at Bukhansan left unforgettable memories for the two of them.Ko: 둘은 서로의 다름을 이해하며 더욱 견고한 우정을 쌓아갔습니다.En: Understanding each other's differences, they built an even stronger friendship.Ko: 지호와 수미는 다시 한번 함께 공원의 출구를 향해 걸어갔습니다.En: Together, Jiho and Sumi once again walked towards the park's exit.Ko: 그리고 그들의 우정은 더욱 깊어졌습니다.En: And their friendship deepened even further. Vocabulary Words:invigorated: 상쾌하게 했습니다embarking: 시작하게flustered: 당황했습니다fond: 좋아하는anxious: 불안한serene: 고요했습니다chirping: 지저귐enveloped: 감쌌습니다boredom: 지루함frowned: 얼굴을 찌푸렸습니다gestured: 손짓으로participants: 참가자interrupted: 깨졌습니다burst: 터트렸습니다solemnity: 엄숙함unforgettable: 잊을 수 없는differences: 다름deepen: 더욱 깊어졌습니다freshness: 신선함meditation: 명상widened: 크게 떴습니다silence: 침묵sneezed: 재채기를 했습니다laughter: 웃음quiet: 조용한moment: 순간terrain: 기암절벽blossoms: 만개hiking: 하이킹gesture: 손짓
O Tricolor venceu o Cruzeiro por 4 a 1 no Morumbis, com direito a três gols de Ferreira, mas o final de semana tricolor não foi só de felicidade pelo sumiço de Arboleda, que não deu satisfação alguma ao São Paulo. Neste episódio, João Pedro Brandão, Bruno Giufrida e Caio Dominguez analisam os ajustes na equipe de Roger Machado, a importância da boa atuação de Ferreira para retomar a confiança e qual pode ter sido o paradeiro de Arboleda. Dá o play!
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Is The Bride a new classic?! We had Sumi on to discuss this new original film, and Oscars Predictions! Let us know your thoughts below.Sumi:TikTok: sumimrkInstagram: sumimrkulic------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Time Stamps:0:00 (Intro)09:10 (Oscar Predictions)18:15 (Stone Covering South By South West)27:10 (The Bride: Spoiler Free)44:15 (The Bride: Spoilers)01:19:25 (Conclusion------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Our Socials:Stone | Medical Movie Man:TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@medicalmoviemanInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/medicalmoviemanYoutube: https://www.youtube.com/@UCfNdVNpHoo577lixvSVUIYA Dan | Reel Takes: TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@reel.takesInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/reeltakesreviewsYoutube: https://www.youtube.com/@UCuPrNXdhpd9HDf8h-KLCCxw Conor | Movie Shark:TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@movie.sharkInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/movieshark18Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/movieshark18Audio Platforms: Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/1uzrYBxA9oX6Cclr12WOJ2?si=60c7e66edd7247cfApple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/good-will-podcasting/id1679469194Amazon: https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/2902c18d-e654-4d97-a935-546873391225/good-will-podcasting
Wie steht es um die militärische Lage in der Ukraine, wo verläuft die Front und wer konnte tatsächliche Geländegewinne erzielen? Diese Fragen und ukrainische Erfolge bei der Drohnenabwehr bestimmen diese Podcast-Folge.
Last time we spoke about General Zhukov's armor offensives at Nomohan. Following heavy Japanese losses in May and June, General Georgy Zhukov arrives in June, reorganizes the Soviet 1st Army Group, and bolsters it with tanks, artillery, and reinforcements. The July offensive sees General Komatsubara's forces cross the Halha River undetected, achieving initial surprise. However, General Yasuoka's tank assault falters due to muddy terrain, inadequate infantry support, and superior Soviet firepower, resulting in heavy losses. Japanese doctrine emphasizing spiritual superiority clashes with material realities, undermining morale as intelligence underestimates Soviet strength. Zhukov learns key lessons in armored warfare, adapting tactics despite high casualties. Reinforcements pour in via massive truck convoys. Japanese night attacks and artillery duels fail, exposing logistical weaknesses. Internal command tensions, including gekokujo defiance, hinder responses. By August, Stalin, buoyed by European diplomacy and Sorge's intel, greenlights a major offensive. Zhukov employs deception for surprise. Warnings of Soviet buildup are ignored, setting the stage for a climactic encirclement on August 20. #191 Zhukov Steel Ring of Fire at Nomohan Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. On the night of August 19–20, under cover of darkness, the bulk of the Soviet 1st Army Group crossed the Halha River into the expanded Soviet enclave on the east bank. Two weeks of nightly Soviet sound effects had paid off: Japanese perimeter troops failed to distinguish the real deployment from the frequently heard simulations. Zhukov's order of battle was as follows: "Northern force, commanded by Colonel Alekseenko—6th Mongolian Cavalry Division, 601st Infantry Regiment (82nd Division), 7th Armored Brigade, 2 battalions of the 11th Tank Brigade, 82nd Artillery Regiment, and 87th Anti-tank Brigade. Central force, where Zhukov was located, commanded by his deputy, Colonel Petrov—36th Motorized Infantry Division, 82nd Infantry Division (less one regiment), 5th Infantry Machine Gun Brigade. Southern force, commanded by Colonel Potapov—8th Mongolian Cavalry Division, 57th Infantry Division, 8th Armored Brigade, 6th Tank Brigade, 11th Tank Brigade (less two battalions), 185th Artillery Regiment, 37th Anti-tank Brigade, one independent tank company. A mobile strategic reserve built around the 212th Airborne Regiment, the 9th Mechanized Brigade, and a battalion of the 6th Tank Brigade was held west of the Halha River." The Soviet offensive was supported by massed artillery, a hallmark of Zhukov's operations in the war against Germany. In addition to nearly 300 antitank and rapid-fire guns, Zhukov deployed over 200 field and heavy artillery pieces on both sides of the Halha. Specific artillery batteries were assigned to provide supporting fire for each attacking infantry and armored unit at the battalion level and higher. In the early hours of August 20, the sky began to lighten over the semiarid plain, with the false promise of a quiet Sunday morning. The air was clear as the sun warmed the ground that had been chilled overnight. General Komatsubara's troops were in no special state of readiness when the first wave of more than 200 Soviet bombers crossed the Halha River at 5:45 a.m. and began pounding their positions. When the bombers withdrew, a thunderous artillery barrage began, continuing for 2 hours and 45 minutes. That was precisely the time needed for the bombers to refuel, rearm, and return for a second run over the Japanese positions. Finally, all the Soviet artillery unleashed an intensive 15-minute barrage at the forwardmost Japanese positions. Komatsubara's men huddled in their trenches under the heaviest bombardment to which they or any other Japanese force had ever been subjected. The devastation, both physical and psychological, was tremendous, especially in the forward positions. The shock and vibration of incoming bombs and artillery rounds also caused their radiotelegraph keys to chatter so uncontrollably that frontline troops could not communicate with the rear, compounding their confusion and helplessness. At 9:00 a.m., Soviet armor and infantry began to move out along the line while their cover fire continued. A dense morning fog near the river helped conceal their approach, bringing them in some sectors to within small-arms range before they were sighted by the enemy. The surprise and disarray on the Japanese side was so complete, and their communications so badly disrupted, that Japanese artillery did not begin firing in support of their frontline troops until about 10:15 a.m. By then, many forward positions were overrun. Japanese resistance stiffened at many points by midday, and fierce combat raged along the front, roughly 40 miles long. In the day's fighting, Colonel M. I. Potapov's southern force achieved the most striking success. The 8th MPR Cavalry Division routed the Manchukuoan cavalry holding Komatsubara's southern flank, and Potapov's armor and mechanized infantry bent the entire southern segment of the Japanese front inward by about 8 miles in a northwesterly direction. Zhukov's central force advanced only 500–1,500 yards in the face of furious resistance, but the frontal assault engaged the center of the Japanese line so heavily that Komatsubara could not reinforce his flanks. Two MPR cavalry regiments and supporting armor and mechanized infantry from Colonel Ilya Alekseenko's northern force easily overran two Manchukuoan cavalry units guarding the northern flank of the Japanese line, about 2 miles north of the Fui Heights. But the heights themselves formed a natural strong point, and Alekseenko's advance was halted at what became the northern anchor of the Japanese line. As the first phase of the Soviet offensive gathered momentum, General Ogisu, the 6th Army's new commander, assessed the situation. Still unaware of Zhukov's strength, he reassured KwAHQ that "the enemy intends to envelop us from our flanks, but his offensive effectiveness is weak… Our positions in other areas are being strengthened. Set your mind at ease." This optimistic report contributed to Kwantung Army's delay in reinforcing the 23rd Division. Some at KwAHQ suspected this might be another limited Soviet push, like Aug 7–8, that would soon end. Others worried it was a diversion prior to a larger offensive and were concerned but not alarmed about Komatsubara's position. On Aug 21–22, Potapov's southern force pierced the Japanese main defense line at several points, breaking the southern sector into segments that the attackers sealed off, encircled, and ground down. Soviet armor, mechanized infantry, and artillery moved swiftly and with deadly efficiency. Survivors described how each pocket of resistance experienced its own hellish period. After the Japanese heavy weapons in a pocket were neutralized, Soviet artillery and tanks gradually tightened the ring, firing at point-blank range over open sights. Flame-throwing tanks incinerated hastily constructed fortifications and underground shelters. Infantry mopped up with grenades, small arms, and bayonets. By the end of Aug 23, Potapov had dismembered the entire Japanese defensive position south of the Holsten River. Only one significant pocket of resistance remained. Meanwhile, Potapov's 8th Armored Brigade looped behind the Japanese, reaching southeast of Nomonhan, some 11 miles east of the river junction, on the boundary claimed by the MPR, and took up a blocking position there athwart the most likely line of retreat for Japanese units south of the Holsten. In those two days, the Japanese center yielded only a few yards, while the northern flank anchored at Fui Heights held firm. Air combat raged over the battlefield. Soviet air units provided tactical support for their armor and infantry, while Kwantung Army's 2nd Air Group strove to thwart that effort and hit the Soviet ground forces. Before Nomonhan, the Japanese air force had not faced a modern opponent. Japanese fliers had roamed largely unchallenged in Manchuria and China from 1931 to 1939. At Nomonhan, the Soviets enjoyed an advantage of roughly 2:1 in aircraft and pilots. This placed an increasingly heavy burden on Japanese air squadrons, which had to fly incessantly, often against heavy odds. Fatigue took its toll and losses mounted. Soviet and Japanese accounts give wildly different tallies of air victories and losses, but an official Japanese assessment after the battle stated, "Nomonhan brought out the bitter truths of the phenomenal rate at which war potential is sapped in the face of superior opposition." As with tank combat, the Soviet air superiority was qualitative as well as quantitative. In June–early July, the Soviet I-16 fighters did not fare well against the Japanese Type 97 fighter. However, in the lull before the August offensive, the Soviets introduced an improved I-16 with armor-plated fuselage and windshield, making it virtually impervious to the Type 97's light 7.7-mm guns. The Japanese countered by arming some planes with heavier 12.7-mm guns, which were somewhat more effective against the new I-16s. But the Soviet pilots discovered that the Type-97's unprotected fuel tank was an easy mark, and Japanese planes began to burn with horrendous regularity. On Aug 23, as Ribbentrop arrived in Moscow to seal the pact that would doom Poland and unleash war in Europe, the situation at Nomonhan was deemed serious enough by Kwantung Army to transfer the 7th Division to Hailar for support. Tsuji volunteered to fly to Nomonhan for a firsthand assessment. This move came too late, as Aug 23–24 proved the crucial phase of the battle. On Tue night, Aug 22, at Japanese 6th Army HQ, General Ogisu ordered a counterattack to push back the Soviet forces enveloping and crushing the Japanese southern flank. Komatsubara planned the counterattack in minute detail and entrusted its execution to his 71st and 72nd Regiments, led by General Kobayashi Koichi, and the 26th and 28th Regiments of the 7th Division, commanded by General Morita Norimasa. On paper this force looked like two infantry brigades. Only the 28th Regiment, however, was near full strength, though its troops were tired after marching about 25 miles to the front the day before. This regiment's peerless commander was Colonel Morita Toru (unrelated to General Morita). The chief kendo fencing master of the Imperial Army, Morita claimed to be invulnerable to bullets. The other three regiments were seriously understrength, partly due to combat attrition and partly because several of their battalions were deployed elsewhere on the front. The forces Kobayashi and Morita commanded that day totaled less than one regiment each. It was not until the night of Aug 23 that deployment and attack orders filtered down to the Japanese regiment, battalion, and company commanders. Due to insufficient truck transport and the trackless terrain, units were delayed reaching their assigned positions in the early morning of Aug 24, and some did not arrive at all. Two battalions of the 71st Regiment did not reach Kobayashi in time; his attack force that morning consisted of two battalions of the 72nd Regiment. Colonel Sumi's depleted 26th Regiment did not arrive in time, and General Morita's assault force consisted of two battalions of the 28th Regiment and a battalion-equivalent independent garrison unit newly arrived at the front. Because of these delays, the Japanese could not reconnoiter enemy positions adequately before the attack. What had been planned as a dawn assault would begin between 9:30 and 10:00 a.m. in broad daylight. The light plane carrying Tsuji on the final leg of his flight from Hsinking-Hailar-Nomonhan was attacked by Soviet fighters and forced to land behind the 72nd Regiment's staging area. Tsuji managed to reach General Kobayashi's command post by truck and on foot, placing him closer to the fighting than he anticipated. Just before the counterattack began, a dense fog drifted across part of the battlefield, obscuring visibility and limiting artillery effectiveness. Using the fog to mask their movement, lead elements of the 72nd Regiment moved toward a distant stand of scrub pines. As they approached, the trees began to move away—the stand was a well-camouflaged Soviet tank force. The tanks then maneuvered to the south, jeopardizing further Japanese advance. As the fog cleared, the Japanese found themselves facing a much larger enemy force. A vastly heavier Soviet barrage answered their renewed artillery fire. Kobayashi and Morita discovered too late that their counterattack had walked into the teeth of far stronger Soviet forces. One account calls it "The Charge of Two Light Brigades." Kobayashi's 72nd Regiment encountered the Soviet T-34, with its thick sloped armor and 76-mm gun—the most powerful tank in 1939. In addition, the improved Soviet BT-5/7 tanks, powered by diesel, were less prone to ignition. On gasoline-powered vehicles, the Soviets added wire netting over the ventilation grill and exhaust manifold, reducing the effectiveness of hand-thrown gasoline bombs. Japanese infantry regiments suffered near 50% casualties that day. Nearly every battalion and company commander was lost. Kobayashi was gravely wounded by a tank shell fragment and nearly trampled by fleeing troops. He survived the battle and the Pacific War but died in a Soviet POW camp in 1950. Morita's 28th Regiment fared little better. It was pinned down about 500 yards from the Soviet front lines by intense artillery. Unable to advance and not permitted to retreat, Morita's men dug into the loose sand and withstood the bombardment, but were cut to pieces. Shortly after sunset, the remnants were ordered to withdraw, but both regiments were shattered. Tsuji, a survivor, rejoined Komatsubara at his command post. Upon receiving combat reports from the 72nd and 28th Regiments, General Komatsubara "evinced deep anxiety." 6th Army chief of staff Major General Fujimoto Tetsukuma, at Komatsubara's command post, "appeared bewildered," and announced he was returning to headquarters, asking if Tsuji would accompany him. The major declined and later recalled that he and Komatsubara could barely conceal their astonishment at Fujimoto's abrupt departure at such a time. Meanwhile, at the northern end of the line, Colonel Alekseenko's force had been hammering at Fui Heights for 3 days without success. The position was held by about 800 defenders under Lieutenant Colonel Ioki Eiichiro, consisting of two infantry companies; one company each of cavalry, armored reconnaissance, and combat engineers; and three artillery batteries (37-mm and 75-mm guns). The defenders clung tenaciously to the strongpoint created by the heights and their bunkers, inflicting heavy losses on Alekseenko's force. The unexpectedly strong defense disrupted the timing of the entire Soviet offensive. By Aug 23, Zhukov was exasperated and losing patience with the pace in the north. Some of Zhukov's comrades recall a personable chief who played the accordion and urged singing during happier times. Under stress, his harshness and temper surfaced. Zhukov summoned Alekseenko to the telephone. When the northern commander expressed doubt about storming the heights immediately, Zhukov berated him, relieved him on the spot, and entrusted the attack to Alekseenko's chief of staff. After a few hours, Zhukov called again and, finding that the new commander was slow, fired him as well and sent a staff member to take charge. Accounts record that his tirades sometimes included the phrase "useless bag of shit," though others note harsher language was used toward generals who did not meet expectations. That night, reinforced by the 212th Airborne Regiment, heavier artillery, and a detachment of flame-throwing tanks, the northern force renewed its assault on Fui Heights. The battered Japanese defenders were thoroughly overmatched. Soviet artillery fired at two rounds per second. When the last Japanese artillery was knocked out, they no longer could defend against flame-throwing tanks. From several miles away, Colonel Sumi could see the heights shrouded in black smoke and red flames "spitting like the tongues of snakes." After Aug 22, supply trucks could no longer reach Fui Heights. The next afternoon, Colonel Ioki's radio—the last link to the 23rd Division—was destroyed. His surviving men fought on with small arms and grenades, repelling Soviet infantry with bayonet charges that night. By the morning of Aug 24, Ioki had about 200 able-bodied men left of his original 800. Soviet tanks and infantry had penetrated defenses at several points, forcing him to constrict his perimeter. Red flags flew on the eastern edge of the heights. Ioki gathered his remaining officers to discuss last measures. With little ammunition and almost no food or water, their situation seemed hopeless. But Ioki insisted on holding Fui Heights to the last man, arguing that the defense should not be abandoned and that orders to break out should come only with reinforcements and supplies. Some subordinates urged retreat. Faced with two dire options, Ioki drew his pistol and attempted suicide, but a fellow officer restrained him. Rather than see his men blown to bits, Ioki decided to abandon Fui Heights and retreat east. Those unable to walk received hand grenades with the injunction to blow themselves up rather than be captured. On the night of Aug 24–25, after moonrise, the remaining resistance at the heights was quelled, and Soviet attention shifted south. Ioki's battered remnant slipped out and, the next morning, encountered a Manchukuoan cavalry patrol that summoned trucks to take them to Chaingchunmiao, forty miles away. Russians occupying Fui Heights on Aug 25 counted the corpses of over 600 Japanese officers and men. After securing Fui Heights, the Soviet northern force began to roll up the Japanese northern flank in a wide arc toward Nomonhan. A day after the fall of Fui Heights, elements of the northern force's 11th Tank Brigade linked up with the southern force's 8th Armored Brigade near Nomonhan. A steel ring had been forged around the Japanese 6th Army. As the Japanese northern and southern flanks dissolved under Zhukov's relentless assaults, Komatsubara's command ceased to exist as an integrated force. By Aug 25 the Japanese lines were completely cut, with resistance remaining only in three encircled pockets. The remnants of two battalions of General Morita's "brigade" attempted a renewed offensive on Aug 25, advancing about 150 yards before being hammered by Soviet artillery and tanks, suffering heavier casualties than the day before. The only hope for the surrounded Japanese troops lay in a relief force breaking through the Soviet encirclement from the outside. However, Kwantung Army was spread thin in Manchuria and, due to a truck shortage, could not transport the 7th Division from Hailar to the combat zone in time. By Aug 26 the encirclement had thickened, with three main pockets tightly invested, making a large-scale breakout nearly impossible. Potapov unleashed a two-pronged assault with his 6th Tank Brigade and 80th Infantry Regiment. Japanese artillery from the 28th Regiment temporarily checked the left wing of the armored attack, but the Soviet right wing overran elements of Sumi's 26th Regiment, forcing the Japanese to retreat into a tighter enclave. Morita, the fencing-master commander who claimed to be immune to bullets, was killed by machine-gun fire while standing atop a trench encouraging his men. The Japanese 120-mm howitzers overheated under the August sun; their breech mechanisms swelled and refused to eject spent casings. Gunners had to leap from behind shelter to ram wooden rods down the barrels, drastically reducing rate of fire and life expectancy. Komatsubara's artillery units suffered a bitter fate. Most were deployed well behind the front lines with their guns facing west toward the Halha. As the offensive developed, attackers often struck the batteries from the east, behind them. Even when crews could turn some guns to face east, they had not preregistered fields of fire there and were not very effective. Supporting infantry had already been drawn off for counterattacks and perimeter defense. One by one, Japanese batteries were smashed by Soviet artillery and tanks. Crews were expected to defend their guns to the last man; the guns themselves were treated as the unit's soul, to be destroyed if captured. In extremis, crews were to destroy sensitive parts like optics. Few survived. Among those who did was a PFC from an annihilated howitzer unit, ordered to drive one of the few surviving vehicles, a Dodge sedan loaded with seriously wounded men, eastward to safety during the night. Near a Holsten River bridge he encountered Soviet sentries. The driver hesitated, then honked his horn, and the guards saluted as the sedan sped past. With water supplies exhausted and unable to reach the Halha or Holsten Rivers, the commander of the easternmost enclave ordered his men to drain radiator water from their vehicles. Drinking the foul liquid, at the cost of immobilizing their remaining transport, signaled that the defenders believed their situation was hopeless. On Aug 27 the rest of the Japanese 7th Division, two fresh infantry regiments, an artillery regiment, and support units totaling barely 5,000 men—reached the northeastern segment of the ring around Komatsubara. One day of hard fighting revealed they lacked the strength to break the encirclement. General Ogisu ordered the 7th Division to pull back and redeploy near his own 6th Army headquarters, about 4 miles east of Nomonhan and the border claimed by the enemy. There would be no outside relief for Komatsubara's forces. Throughout Aug 27–28, Soviet aircraft, artillery, armor, and infantry pounded the three Japanese pockets, compressing them into ever-smaller pockets and grinding them down. The surrounded Japanese fought fiercely and inflicted heavy casualties, but the outcome was inevitable. After the remaining Japanese artillery batteries were silenced, Soviet tanks ruled the battlefield. One by one, major pockets were overrun. Some smaller groups managed to slip through Soviet lines and reach safety east of the border claimed by the MPR, where they were left unmolested by the Red Army. Elements of Potapov's 57th and 82nd Divisions eliminated the last remnants of resistance south of the Holsten by the evening of Aug 27. North of the Holsten, during the night of Aug 28–29, a group of about 400 Japanese tried to slip east through the Soviet lines along the riverbank. They were spotted by the 293rd Regiment (57th Division), which struck them. The fleeing Japanese refused to surrender and were wiped out attempting to recross the Holsten. Japanese soldiers' refusal to surrender is well documented. Surrender was considered dishonorable; the Army Field Manual was silent on surrender. For officers, death was not merely preferable to surrender; it was expected, and in some cases required. The penal code (1908, not revised until 1942) stated that surrender was dereliction of duty; if a commander did his best to resist, imprisonment could follow; if not, death. Stemming from Bushido, regimental colors were treated as sacred. On the afternoon of Aug 28, with much of his 64th Regiment destroyed, Colonel Yamagata saw no alternative but to burn the regimental colors and then commit suicide. Part of the flagpole had been shattered; the chrysanthemum crest damaged. Yamagata, Colonel Ise (artillery regimental commander), an infantry captain, a medical lieutenant, and a foot soldier—the last survivors of the headquarters unit—faced east, shouted "banzai" for the emperor, drenched the pennant in gasoline, and lit it. Yamagata, Ise, and the captain then shot themselves. The flag and crest were not entirely consumed, and the unburned remnants were buried beneath Yamagata's unmarked body. The medical officer and the soldier escaped and reported these rites to 6th Army HQ, where the deaths of the two colonels were mourned, but there was concern over whether the regimental colors had been entirely destroyed. On Aug 29, Lieutenant Colonel Higashi Muneharu, who had taken command of the 71st Regiment, faced the same dilemma. The regimental standard was broken into four pieces and, with the flag and chrysanthemum crest, drenched with fuel and set on fire. The fire kept going out, and the tassels were especially hard to burn. It took 45 minutes to finish the job, all under enemy fire. Afterward, Higashi urged all able to join him in a suicide charge, and the severely wounded to "kill themselves bravely when the enemy approached." Soviet machine-gun fire and grenades felled Higashi and his followers within moments. When it became clear on Aug 29 that all hope was lost, Komatsubara resolved to share the fate of his 23rd Division. He prepared to commit suicide, entrusted his will to his aide, removed his epaulets, and burned his code books. General Ogisu ordered Komatsubara to save himself and lead as many of his men as possible out of the encirclement. Shortly before midnight on Aug 30, the bulk of the Soviet armor briefly pulled back to refuel and resupply. Some of the Soviet infantry also pulled back. Komatsubara and about 400 survivors of his command used the opportunity to slip through the Soviet lines, guiding wounded by starlight to safety at Chiangchunmiao on the morning of Aug 31. Tsuji was among the survivors. In transit, Komatsubara was so distraught he needed to be restrained from taking his own life. A fellow officer took his pistol, and two sturdy corporals helped to support him, preventing him from drawing his sword. On August 31, Zhukov declared the disputed territory between the Halha River and the boundary line through Nomonhan cleared of enemy troops. The Sixth Army had been annihilated, with between 18,000 and 23,000 men killed or wounded from May to September (not counting Manchukuoan losses). The casualty rate in Komatsubara's 23rd Division reached 76%, and Sumi's 26th Regiment (7th Division) suffered 91% casualties. Kwantung Army lost many of its tanks and heavy guns and nearly 150 aircraft. It was the worst military defeat in modern Japanese history up to that time. Soviet claims later put total Japanese casualties at over 50,000, though this figure is widely regarded as inflated. For years, Soviet-MPR authorities claimed 9,284 casualties, surely an underestimate. A detailed unit-by-unit accounting published in Moscow in 2002 put Soviet losses at 25,655 (9,703 killed, 15,952 wounded), plus 556 MPR casualties. While Soviet casualties may have exceeded Japanese losses, this reflects the fierceness of Japanese defense and questions Zhukov's expenditutre of blood. There was no denying, however, that the Red Army demonstrated substantial strength and that Kwantung Army suffered a serious defeat. Knowledgeable Japanese and Soviet sources agree that given the annihilation of Komatsubara's forces and the dominance of Soviet air power, if Zhukov had pressed beyond Nomonhan toward Hailar, local Japanese forces would have fallen into chaos, Hailar would have fallen, and western Manchuria would have been gravely threatened. But while that might have been militarily possible, Moscow did not intend it. Zhukov's First Army Group halted at the boundary line claimed by the MPR. A Japanese military historian notes that "Kwantung Army completely lost its head." KwAHQ was enraged by the battlefield developments. Beyond the mauling of the Sixth Army at Nomonhan, there was anxiety over regimental colors. It was feared that Colonel Yamagata might not have had time to destroy the imperial crest of the 64th Regiment's colors, which could have fallen into Soviet hands. Thousands of dead and wounded littered the field. To preserve "face" and regain leverage, a swift, decisive counterstroke was deemed necessary. At Hsinking, they decided on an all-out war against the USSR. They planned to throw the 7th, 2nd, 4th, and 8th Divisions into the Sixth Army, along with all heavy artillery in Manchukuo, to crush the enemy. Acknowledging shortages in armor, artillery, and air power, they drafted a plan for a series of successive night offenses beginning on September 10. This was viewed as ill-advised for several reasons: September 10 was an unrealistic target given Kwantung Army's limited logistical capacity; it was unclear what the Red Army would be doing by day, given its superiority in tanks, artillery, and air power; autumn would bring extreme cold that could immobilize forces; and Germany's alliance with the Soviet Union isolated Japan diplomatically. These factors were known at KwAHQ, yet the plan proceeded. Kwantung Army notified AGS to "utilize the winter months well," aiming to mobilize the entire Japanese Army for a decisive spring confrontation. However, the Nomonhan defeat coincided with the Hitler-Stalin pact's diplomatic fallout. The push for close military cooperation with Germany against the Soviet Union was discredited in a single week. Defeated and abandoned by Hitler, pro-German, anti-Soviet policy advocates in Tokyo were furious. Premier Hiranuma Kiichiro's government resigned on August 28. In response, more cautious voices in Tokyo asserted control. General Nakajima, deputy chief of AGS, went to Hsinking with Imperial Order 343, directing Kwantung Army to hold near the disputed frontier with "minimal strength" to enable a quick end to hostilities and a diplomatic settlement. But at KwAHQ, the staff pressed their case, and Nakajima eventually approved a general offensive to begin on September 10. The mood at KwAHQ was ebullient. Upon returning to Tokyo, Nakajima was sternly rebuked and ordered to stand down. General Ueda appealed to higher authority, requesting permission to clear the battlefield and recover the bodies of fallen soldiers. He was denied and later relieved of command on September 6. A reshuffle followed at KwAHQ, with several senior officers reassigned. The Japanese Foreign Ministry directed Ambassador Togo Shigenori to negotiate a settlement in Moscow. The Molotov-Togo agreement was reached on September 15–16, establishing a temporary frontier and a commission to redemarcate the boundary. The local cease-fire arrangements were formalized on September 18–19, and both sides agreed to exchange prisoners and corpses. In the aftermath, Kwantung Army leadership and the Red Army leadership maintained tight control over communications about the conflict. News of the defeat spread through Manchuria and Japan, but the scale of the battle was not fully suppressed. The Kwantung Army's reputation suffered further from subsequent punishments of officers deemed to have mishandled the Nomonhan engagement. Several officers were compelled to retire or commit suicide under pressure, and Ioki's fate became a particular symbol of the army's dishonor and the heavy costs of the campaign. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. In August 1939, Soviet General Georgy Zhukov launched a decisive offensive against Japanese forces at Nomonhan. Under cover of darkness, Soviet troops crossed the Halha River, unleashing massive air and artillery barrages on August 20. Fierce fighting ensued, with failed Japanese counterattacks, the fall of Fui Heights, and annihilation of encircled pockets by Soviet tanks and infantry.
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Algum caso a ser resolvido na floresta? Chamem a Dona Coruja, a melhor investigadora da região! Após resolver o caso das bananas roubadas do Macaco e do pote quebrado do Marreco, chega às mãos da detetive outro mistério: o que houve com a Lagarta? A história começa quando a preocupada Joaninha recorre à Dona Coruja, a fim de desvendar o paradeiro de sua amiga Lagarta. Com a primeira pista em mãos, a experiente detetive sai pela floresta perguntando aos animais se eles haviam visto a Lagarta desaparecida. A cada bicho interrogado, surgem novos vestígios e começa um jogo de adivinhação e suspense, no qual ganha quem conhece melhor a natureza. Acompanhe a Dona Coruja nessa aventura e descubra que fim teve a Lagarta fujona. Escrito por Milton Celio de Oliveira Filho, ilustrado por André Neves e publicado pela editora Brinque-Book.Para acompanhar a história juntamente com as ilustrações do livro, compre o livro aqui: https://amzn.to/4r0nbu6Se vc gostou, compartilhe com seus amigos e me siga nas redes sociais! https://www.instagram.com/podcast_livros_que__amamos/ E fiquem ligados, porque toda sexta-feira publico uma nova história. Até mais!
In this episode, farmer and educator Jodi Roebuck shares his thoughts on the Sumi Soaker as an irrigation system. Subscribe for more content on sustainable farming, market farming tips, and business insights! Get market farming tools, seeds, and supplies at Modern Grower. Follow Modern Grower: Instagram Instagram Listen to other podcasts on the Modern Grower Podcast Network: Carrot Cashflow Farm Small Farm Smart Farm Small Farm Smart Daily The Growing Microgreens Podcast The Urban Farmer Podcast The Rookie Farmer Podcast In Search of Soil Podcast Check out Diego's books: Sell Everything You Grow on Amazon Ready Farmer One on Amazon **** Modern Grower and Diego Footer participate in the Amazon Services LLC. Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com.
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For episode 276, we are continuing a new series on the Metta Hour, centered on kids, in honor of Sharon's first children's book, Kind Karl, released on December 9th! Written with Jason Gruhl, this illustrated picture book is for 4-8 year-olds and is a children's adaptation of Sharon's beloved book Lovingkindness. In this podcast series, Sharon speaks with educators, caregivers, and researchers about the ways meditation, mindfulness, and lovingkindness can impact children of all ages and the family systems that support them. For the fifth episode of the series, Sharon speaks with Sumi Loundon Kim. Sumi is the Buddhist chaplain at Yale University. A graduate of Harvard Divinity School, she is the founding teacher of Buddhist Families of Durham (NC). She is the author of Blue Jean Buddha; The Buddha's Apprentices; Sitting Together and of the children's book Goodnight Love: A Bedtime Meditation Story. In this conversation, Sumi and Sharon speak about:Sumi's early life in Zen communitySumi's first visit to IMS at age 16The value of spiritual practice during adolescence Teaching meditation to kids through songBenefits of group practice for parents and kidsWorking with the five sensesImplicit learning, leading by exampleNurturing kindness in self-talkCreating a home as a sanctuaryDesignated device-free family timeMeditation for college studentsSocial connection promoting self-regulationPsychological fluency A bedtime meditation for kids: “Goodnight Love”Get a copy of Sumi's book “Goodnight Love” right here.You can learn more about Sharon's brand-new children's book, Kind Karl, right here.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
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Rusia rechaza una tregua navideña y los ucranianos se disponen a pasar su cuarta Navidad en guerra. Nuestra corresponsal en Kiev habla con algunos de ellos en un mercadillo de Navidad. Antes de la invasión a gran escala, un gran sector de los ucranianos celebraba la Navidad el 6 de enero, pero todo cambió con la guerra para tomar distancia de Rusia. De la corresponsal de RFI en Ucrania, Catalina Gómez Tatiana sigue con atención a su hijo Mikola, de 10 años, que como muchos otros más, patina sobre hielo. Esta noche han venido hasta la zona histórica de Podil, en Kiev, donde se ha levantado un mercadillo de Navidad. Tiene la ilusión de que el niño pueda disfrutar de este ambiente navideño. "Lo llevo a patinar, compro el árbol de Navidad, salimos a pasear, todo ello para que entre en ambiente" cuenta Tatiana. Estos últimos meses de 2025 han sido extremadamente difíciles para los ucranianos por los ataques continuos contra la infraestructura energética, pero también por la presión en el frente de batalla, como lo resume Natalia, que ha venido al mercadillo con su familia. "El ánimo está un poco apagado, claro, por lo que está pasando en nuestro país, pero intentamos animarnos un poco" Antes de la invasión a gran escala, un gran sector de los ucranianos celebraba la Navidad el 6 de enero, pero desde 2022 se ha decidido celebrarla como en otras partes del mundo. Así lo hacen también la familia de Ilya, de 23 años. Cuenta que ahora celebran 2 fechas, el 24 de diciembre y el 6 de enero. "Celebramos desde la infancia, tenemos esa tradición. No la celebramos como por ejemplo en Europa Occidental con regalos. Nosotros no teníamos reglaso así. Los regalos eran para Año Nuevo pero igualmente celebrábamos, preparábamos la cena y nos reuníamos en casa dle padrino". Pero este año, dice él, todo es diferente. "No soy muy feliz de estas Navidades, soy de Sumi y no tenemos electricidad". Algo similar cuenta Lilia, que vende cerveza caliente en el mercado. "A la gente no le da para celebrar cuando caen edificios, cuando se destruyen casas y muere gente. Pero claro, sacan a pasear a los niños. Los niños todavía no entienden" dice Lilia al micrófono de RFI. Pero igual Lilia dice que la vida tiene que seguir y que le ilusiona que vuelvan estos mercados navideños para que al menos los niños puedan olvidarse un poco de la guerra. El Kremlin rechazó apostar por una tregua navideña con Ucrania, alegando que serviría para reforzar a la otra parte, en respuesta a una demanda del canciller alemán, Friedrich Merz, para detener los combates estas festividades.
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