Podcasts about electro voice

In Episode 115, the hosts discuss how to carry out sound check and begin building the mix. A proper sound check goes beyond just making sure everything is plugged in, it also helps in staying organized for the upcoming performance and shines a light on problems that could occur. They also dive into setting up a simple mix once sound check is complete. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years. 

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. In here: 1- Carrying weight more safely - When picking up weight in front of your body, embrace the core (tighten the abdomen); - it gives you more stability, so you are more capable to do the task. 2- Microphone types a) by connection i) USB: connects directly to the computer, in the universal serial bus port. Plug and use! ii) XLR: needs a USB audio interface , with XLR input, to connect to the computer. There are more options of microphones and, if you can spend on an interface, quality is generally better. XLR connectors: female (left) and male. ( Image by Michael Piotrowski / Wikimedia Commons – CC BY-SA 3.0 .) b) by diaphragm i) condenser: captures the voice in more detail, with deeper bass, more detailed treble… Most of the USB microphones uses this technology. As a disadvantage, they catch even minimal sound details of the environment, vibrating with little sound waves around, even distant. That's why you might get as recording result the clear details of noise from the street, or reverberation (echo) of an untreated room if you use it without the best environment. (If it's ok for you even in these situations, it's a merit of other factors, not a merit of the condenser diaphragm) . Usage : A favorite of singers in studio, among several other applications. As you can see on videos of professionals singing, one don't talk on top of it (which might produce a low and undesired muffled sound) but on the side — and on the correct side, because most models of microphones have a cardioid pollar pattern. A side-adress microphone (captures the sound from one specific side), condenser-type. (Image by Arthur Fox / https://mynewmicrophone.com/diaphragm.) ii) dynamic: responds to the audio source (voice, instrument) very close to the diaphragm, do not capture sound more than some centimeters (or some inches) away. It's the best for amateur use, or in a room without acoustic treatment. Usage : Musicians performing live use dynamic microphones so the instruments (and crowd) around don't get their sound amplified by this artist's microphone. Radios prefer dynamic mics, because it goes to a more impactful voice, rejects eventual sounds from noisy mixers or keyboards nearby that the radio host might be operating. A top-adress microphone (captures the sound from the top), dynamic-type. (Image by Arthur Fox / https://mynewmicrophone.com/diaphragm.) The RE20 from Electro-Voice (not the photo above) is a favorite of radio stations, in part for being dynamic, in part for reducing the proximity effect (that is, the sound “exploding” when the source gets too near to the capsule) because of its technology, named Variable-D. A word about captation pattern (no, the name is polar pattern): it says about the directional response. For example, some are omnidirectional (captures sound equally from all the sides); most of them are cardioid, capturing the sound coming from the front (the speaker, the instrument directed to it), but rejects sound from the rear. 3- Microsoft Word (or Libreoffice Writer) “templates” - So, you do use templates for text archives, to facilitate the doing of commonly used documents. To know what to change, you highlight in yellow, right? Or do you put the text in red? - Well, my recommendation is to use, instead, * or {} : asterisk, curly brackets or any other symbol that you can type easily and not use as text in any document. . So you can easily find what is the part you have to change or write, and only delete the * when you do that part. At the end, you can check if there is any * remaining, if not, the document is ready. - So, isnt' it the same with colors, to indicate what to change in the document? . No. For formatting you need to use your vision (and may lose something) and have to remove the formatting manually. It's possible to use the Find tool, but not as easily as finding a character. To illustrate: print of an official document template for the bidding process for information and communication technology services. (Author: Brazil, Advocacia-Geral da União. Modelos da Lei 14.133/21 para bens e serviços de TIC. Link: https://www.gov.br/agu/pt-br/composicao/cgu/cgu/modelos/licitacoesecontratos/14133/bens-e-servicos-de-tic). Changes to be made were marked in red and italics, but brackets [] and “XXXX” were used also. - Ah: . there are forms, real templates you can use, but, hey, if you're part of the 90% that saves “templates” in the common format (.docx, .odt) and does not use the very special tools for the template kind of document, knowing and using some tips like this is ok and is satisfying. - Not on templates, but in editing, I have worked on the revision of books using this, to know where to come back later to check, or where I have stopped on some day, with good result. Extra: give a look on the comment options, they are easy to use and practical, see if you adapt with it for your necessities. 4- A recooording tip - Always record at least 3 seconds, totally quiet, before starting the show (that is, before talking). This “silence” is the room tone, which you may use: . as adequate silence in the editing proccess (in place of a cut part), or . you may take it for noise reduction profile IF needed, or . which you can only delete in the end if you don't find what to do with it. - Recording knowledge number 2 and final: save an uncompressed version of the raw of your recording, and keep it intact. Work on copies, keep the original saved as .wav (or, if prefered, .flac). 5- Permissions for apps Be careful with free apps. Don't install any and everything. See their permissions. - Ads? Why more things being offered to you, trying to give insatisfaction? If there is an option without ads, you may prefer. . Also, the ad system of some apps uses more battery (downloading different ads, sending more information of you to personalize ads, using the notification system, meaning running in the background). - In-app purchases: with it, you'll get angry with an app, because it's not free to do what you thought it would do when you installed. And it may use recurring payments, pay for each feature, and worst, you don't know beforehand. If it's to pay, prefer the ones you buy (once) in the download and has no in-app purchases. - With apps in that you input your data (like e2ee, or “e2ee” communicating, or browsers): see permissions, what data they keep and share, or at least choose open source and well-renowed developers. - Please don't download any app that promises performance enhancement. The system (Android or iOS) is already optimized for what it is, third party apps can do little or, most commonly, nothing, and is more space and features loading your system. . Want speed? Delete the apps that are not absolutely necessary (I'm talking to you, solitaire game with access to internet and that notifies you to play from time to time), or disable notifications of every app and put them to deep sleep (so they don't run in background, only when you open them). - So much said, let's take it in one sentence: install only what needed, and see permissions and ads before choosing. 6- Mobile phone battery - You use your phone all day and still have more than 20% of battery? Or recharges 2 times a day? (or 3!) - If it's the last option, and your phone is less than 3 years old and you never use uncertified chargers, you can try to have a worry-free all-day phone usage doing what said before: disabling apps that run in the background (uninstall, or put to deep sleep). It's a one by one process, but once for all. . If it's this way because of intense use, nothing to do; enjoy your product! ✶ Final word We did not enter on details: no explanations or reasons abounding, no. We didn't even go to number 7 , which would be perfection ; because I have not a seventh good idea. Only the bits of what I think I know & that I value as precious. A hug! bye! Credits: sound used (author – sound) luvvoice.com , English (Nigeria), Abeo (Male) voice – tts “20 minutes show”. luvvoice.com , English (UK), Ryan (Male) voice – tts on the paragraph about polar pattern of microphones. Crab_Audio / Pixabay – My Style [Transitions] freesound_community / Pixabay – Dictaphone . Robinhood76 / Freesound.org – 01893 do it again spell (CC-BY-NC 4.0). attic13 / Pixabay – calm background piano [beautiful, thank you; I hope the simple use here honors your work, friend]. SieuAmThanh / Freesound.org – RớtĐônHổ [angry expression] (CC0 1.0). patchen / Freesound.org – Beautiful 85 (CC BY 4.0). Provide feedback on this episode.

In Episode 114, the hosts discuss creating and maintaining relationships. Fundamental ways to build and grow relationships include consistency, integrity, and communication. Having accountability, an open mind, and a good attitude will start anyone down the right path. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years. 

In Episode 113, the hosts continue their series on broadcast mixing by discussing dynamic range. They discuss the goal of attaining a balanced and consistent mix across not only for the broadcast, but the various devices it's played on. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.

In Episode 111, James and Gary discuss setting up broadcast audio, including a focus on differences between the mix in-person, the mix for broadcast, and tips on how to go back and forth while maintaining the highest quality possible. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years. 

In Episode 110, James and Gary discuss how to check loudspeakers to make sure everything is working properly, including different ways to measure loudspeakers, document and interpret the data, and decide if it's the time to make changes or move on. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.

In Episode 109, James and Gary make the case for flying loudspeakers — a significant benefit of the approach, when done correctly, is more consistent coverage and volume throughout the audience, and more. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.

In Episode 108, James and Gary talk audio distortion, as in, where it comes from and how to fix it. The offer straightforward approaches that can mitigate most distortion issues, and they also discuss a few scenarios where distortion can actually be a good thing. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years. 

In Episode 107, James and Gary discuss the ins and outs of wireless/RF technology. When it comes to wireless systems, it's important to think about your specific needs in advance, the RF environment, antenna type/placement, and more. The hosts also share helpful tricks and tips to simplify in-ear monitor set up and use. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.

In Episode 106, James and Gary discuss orchestral instruments — with a wide variety of instruments comes a wide variety of different tones and challenges. Ways to incorporate them effectively into a mix include using certain microphones, spacing of sections and/or individual instruments, putting up barriers, and more. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.

Video:  https://www.geeksrising.com/shows/bsp408 Support: http://podcastage.com/support Topics discussed: Defending my stance on Microphone Diminishing Returns, explain that EVERY VIDEO IS NOT MADE FOR YOU, how my YouTube shorts channel is doing after 33 days and over 60 videos published, then demo the Electro Voice 644, Shure 545, and Broadcast Barn BCM1000, then share info that shows that youtube's comment suggestions are AI generated, and discuss what I will do with all my microphones.   Subscribe to the full audio podcast at http://www.bandrewsays.com   Gear Used This Episode (Affiliate Links): Shure SM7b: https://geni.us/shuresm7b Universal Audio x8:  https://sweetwater.sjv.io/uax8   As an affiliate I earn from qualifying purchases.    Ask Questions: https://www.askbandrew.com Merch: https://www.podcastage.com/store Discord: http://www.podcastage.com/discord   00:00 - Intro 00:42 - Defending Microphone Diminishing Returns 05:05 - Every Product Category Exhibits Diminishing Returns 07:40 - Not Every Video is Made FOR YOU 12:20 - Twitter Responses 18:27 - How is my YouTUbe Shorts Channel Doing? 23:56 - WIBT: Electro Voice 644 Shotgun Microphone Coutant Article: https://www.coutant.org/ev644/index.html 25:40 - WIBT: Shure 545 27:08 - WIBT: Broadcast Barn BCM1000 28:50 - WYHTS: YouTube's Comment Suggestions are AI AI Enhanced Comment Reply Suggestions: https://support.google.com/youtube/thread/18138167?hl=en&msgid=302200031 33:47 - WYHTS: Mic Comparisons are Valuable 36:07 - WYHTS: What Will I Do With My Mics? 38:16 - Value for Value 52:00 - Conclusion

In Episode 105, James and Gary discuss ways to work with and mix a choir. As with the vocals of the choir itself, it's all about balance. What mics are being used, where are they placed, and the size of the choir are all factors to consider. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.

In Episode 104, James and Gary discuss ways to take your audio knowledge to the next level. A big part of expanding skillsets and understanding is to be a sponge: communicate and network, strive for new and better ways to do things, be open to any and all information, and more. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Episode Links:Mixing Audio – Roey IzhakiBobby Owsinski BooksCheck out James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.

In Episode 103, James and Gary discuss everything feedback — the audio type of feedback — including what it is, how to avoid it, and key aspects such as gain before feedback, loudspeaker and microphone placement, and more. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years. 

In Episode 102, James and Gary discuss ways to learn and understand a new console. Different consoles and manufacturers have different configurations, so it's important and helpful to learn not only the base layout but the different ways to accomplish tasks. Taking the time to learn the “ins and outs” of any console, especially a new one, helps us be better prepared for anything thrown our way. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.

In Episode 101, James and Gary dive into mixing monitors, including a key aspect of finding the right balance to give artists a reference so they can blend and level themselves within the band. They also talk about the differences between stage wedges and in-ear monitors (IEMs). The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.

In the 1960s and 70s, the JBL D120/K120 was the top choice  for the touring pro who didn't want to worry about blowing a speaker on the road. However, in 1983,  Electro-Voice released the EVM-12L, and soon after everyone from Eric Clapton & Stevie Ray Vaughan to Mark Knopfler and Larry Carlton were using EV speakers in their rigs. Today,  I lay out some history/context, and compare it with my usual Eminence GA-SC64, as we look at the 200-watt, 20 pound, 12" speaker that changed guitar tones throughout the 80s and 90s, the EVM 12L.Follow me on Instagramhttps://www.instagram.com/askzac/To Support the Channel:Patreon  https://www.patreon.com/AskZacTip jar:  https://paypal.me/AskZacVenmo @AskZac Or check out my store for merch  - https://my-store-be0243.creator-spring.com/#askzac #evm12l #zacchildsSupport the show

In Episode 100, co-hosts James and Gary are joined by Luke Vogel for a deeper dive into immersive audio. Luke shares his past of working at houses of worship and how it led him to his current work with immersive audio at Fulcrum Immersive. Like most technological advancements, immersive audio is becoming more accessible and affordable, and may something to consider when choosing a new sound system or making upgrades to an existing one. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.

In Episode 99, James and Gary take a step back and discuss how to find and implement an overall vision for a mix. Vision isn't always about loudness, it's more about feel: how do we want people to receive the message and how do we match the overall tone of the service? It can vary depending on the day so it's important before touching faders to think about the type of service, song selections, worship leaders insight, and the overall environment and message being shared. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out co-host James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.James is also the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.

In Episode 98, James and Gary discuss gates and triggers — what they are and how to use them. They come in handy as tools that help not only control how much sound is being let in, but when. For example, if we're using multiple microphones, we don't always want every sound being picked up — enter gates and triggers that let us set parameters so the system knows when we don't want sound, when we do, and how much. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out co-host James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.James is also the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.

In Episode 97, James and Gary discuss an important part of live sound, practice. The little things we take note of, listen for, and learn along the way add up and result in a smoother and better service. The hosts also discuss incorporating tools like virtual soundcheck that allow you to practice without a band and EQ apps to help you discover tones and develop your ears. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out co-host James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.James is also the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.

In Episode 96, James and Gary discuss effects, often termed “FX” for short. It's important to remember that with great power comes great responsibility — particularly when it comes to the application of effects in the mix. The hosts share their observation that the two effects the majority of mix engineers deploy most frequently are reverb and delay, and why that's the case. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out co-host James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.James is also the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.

In Episode 95, James and Gary discuss all things compression — not only what compression is but how it effects different instruments or sections during a service. The hosts share some basics and starting points they use when compressing in the mix. Compression is ultimately a tool that can help achieve a desired sound and when used correctly, improve a mix. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out co-host James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.James is also the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Access All Church Sound Podcasts

In Episode 94, James and Gary discuss the relationship between audio techs and musicians. It all starts with building positive communication and thinking about not only what is said, but how it's said. At the end of the day, both audio techs and musicians are needed to put on a good service, and when they're working together and sharing ideas, that job and experience becomes much better. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.

In Episode 93, James and Gary discuss four pillars of a great mix: a great sounding source, capturing the source the right way, level balance and gain structure, and using high and low-pass filtering. Essentially if you start with clean sound, capture it the right way, balance the levels and then make small cuts to fit it all together, a quality result will follow. The co-hosts focus on how to do just that. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email. 

In Episode 92, co-hosts James and Gary discuss the foundation of great audio. A solid base starts with the setup. System design, where the loudspeakers are located and where they're pointed. System tuning, taking those loudspeakers and applying EQ and delay so they all work together. Finally the console setup, having a clear detailed map so you increase efficiency and make it easy for others to step up and run the show if you're not there. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.

In Episode 91, co-hosts James and Gary dive into the world of immersive audio. What is it, where do we find it and why is it becoming more popular? Is immersive audio worth looking into for your space? What are ways that it could be used for worship services? The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.

In Episode 90, the hosts focus on a critical pillar of audio: gain structure and balancing. They discuss how to prepare for a service so you don't have to make gain adjustments during the worship service — it can throw off everything. They also share strategies and preferences when diving into a mix, including where they like to start. And don't suffer from “console fog” — it's important to get out from behind the desk to get a new perspective on the mix. The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.Check out James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.

In Episode 89, the co-hosts get back to the music. In a world with a million and one ways to shape, present, and experience music, how do we get out of our own way and be present in the moment? The Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo and Electro-Voice.They talk about ways to set up before an event and tips to make sure we don't miss a beat during a live performance, and they also discuss reference tracks, how to know what to reference, how to use them to save time or prepare for any given service, and they wrap up the conversation with a daunting question: Where is worship music heading?Check out James Attaway's new worship audio academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academy, and also visit our new Instagram page @churchsoundpodcast.Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Co-host Gary Zandstra has worked in church production, as an AV systems integrator and as a manufacturer's rep for more than 35 years.

If you're wondering if we added another bass player to the podcast, we didn't -- he plays drums. Samantha and James welcome on another new co-host, Gary Zandstra, to bring in new perspectives and even more educational content for you listeners. Gary is a long-time contributor and author for Church Sound Magazine, and we couldn't be happier having him on board! Check out our new Instagram Page @churchsoundpodcastJames' brand new academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academyCo-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo, and Electro-Voice.

James is out having some family bonding time while they welcome their new daughter into the world! While James is away, the networking comes out to play! On this episode, Samantha welcomes Kat Taub from Audinate to discuss Dante and all the technology that's coming onto the network. Additionally, they discuss how to approach learning networked audio and Dante, even if you're brand new.Kat Taub currently works at Audinate as a Product Marketing Manager for networked video technology. Kathryn joined Audinate in 2018 as a Technical Sales Engineer, providing pre-sales support and working to educate the AV industry on Dante AV-over-IP technology. While studying Film Scoring at Berklee College of Music, Kathryn fell in love with using advanced technology to help facilitate creative endeavors. Prior to joining Audinate, Kathryn spent many years working as a staff member at Berklee in a variety of roles supporting, training on, and designing AV systems for music production computer labs, classrooms, studios, and performance spaces.Check out James' brand new academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academyCo-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo, and Electro-Voice.

James and Samantha welcome back Ben Ivey to talk all about mixing in houses of worship and beyond! Ben Ivey is a touring FOH Engineer, Production Manager and Consultant based out of Atlanta, Georgia. Ben serves a variety of clients ranging from national acts, corporate companies and churches. Within the last year his clients have included Priscilla Block, Lily Rose, Ludacris, Megan Moroney, Elle King, Trace Atkins, Jason Upton and Vineyard Worship to name a few.Check out James' brand new academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academyCo-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by DiGiCo, and Electro-Voice.

Join us for our holiday special, our live recording of D&D the Panto 2 - The Repantoening, recorded as part of the Podcastzone at Dragonmeet 2023!Thank you to our amazing cast! Our own Dani as Fairy Godmother!Emily of RPGeeks as Prince!Naomi of The Secrets of St Kilda as "the back end of a horse"!And of course Liv of 3 Black Halflings as Clarice, "the front of the horse"!If you haven't checked these guys out already you absolutely have to! Thank you as well to Fiona and Mira for running the Podcastzone again and to Dragonmeet for allowing us to put this show on!And finally, we cannot thank John of Trolls of the Two Tonne Bridges enough for handling the tech for all the live shows, and Electrovoice for sponsoring all the shows and providing the equipment that made them happen!We'll be back in the new year with the start of our next arc, but until then we hope you all have a lovely holiday season and we'll see you soon![Credit to pngtree.com]Support the show

Can there be a party if there's only 2 people? We say yes!Happy Winter Holidays! That's a Merry Christmas to the Christians, a Happy Hanukkah to the Jewish, and a Magnificent Kwanzaa to those who celebrate it! Merry Winter Solstice and a Happy New Year to all!This week, James and I have a quick check in and reminder to everyone: we appreciate you for listening for 4 seasons now! Don't worry, there's no end in sight, but we want to express our joy for this community. Stay strong, and try to have fun this holiday season! Check out James' brand new academy at www.attawayaudio.com/academyCo-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by Primacoustic, and DiGiCo, and Electro-Voice.

You're frantically googling, trying to find out what the heck is so important about mixing even though there are seemingly 10,000 things to do! Have no fear, James and Samantha are here to help. This topic comes up constantly with new mixes and new volunteers always stepping up to the plate to help out. Let this episode shed a little light on what's most important when you first start mixing.Check out James' video on mixing for the first time!Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by Primacoustic, and DiGiCo, and Electro-Voice.

Achieving consistency is one of the most important goals for mixing as soon as you graduate from newbie to intermediate mixer. Whether that's consistency between services, between weeks, or between engineers, if we have consistency it leaves space for meaningful worship, quality broadcasting, and more cohesive experiences all-around. Samantha and James dip into the topic this week offering tips on exactly how we can start making consistency a priority.Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by Primacoustic, and DiGiCo, and Electro-Voice.

Crowd mics (and by extension, room mics) are an easy way to help out the musicians on stage, and everyone tuning in to the broadcast feed. James and Samantha dive into setting up crowd and room mics, what the difference is, how we process them, and when the best times to start using them are!Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by Primacoustic, and DiGiCo, and Electro-Voice.

When you do what you love, or you give your heart to volunteering, it becomes hard to distinguish sacrifice and burnout. In this week's episode, Samantha and James dig into creating a balance between our work and the rest of our life. Take care of yourselves out there as the winter holiday season is upon us -- an often draining time contrasted with joy and reverence and reflection.Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by Primacoustic, and DiGiCo, and Electro-Voice.

What tools should every FOH have? What tools do we carry in our bags? This week, Samantha and James tackle the tools that are good to have in arm's reach.There are specialty tools, and there are generic tools. We need a good mix of both in order to cover any reasonable amount of issues -- batteries, tape, volt meter, spare mics, and more!**Coherence value (not correlation) is what lets us know our data is "good" in system's such as Rational Acoustics' Smaart.Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by Primacoustic, and DiGiCo, and Electro-Voice.

Stage noise has this thing where it's everywhere and contributes heavily to out-of-control sound systems. In an effort to create a world with as little unwanted noise as possible, Samantha and James arm wrestle with tactics and techniques on getting control of our stages and all the distortion coming off of it. Some sanctuaries or venues are built to not have amplification in them, and that can add even more variables and make it even harder to get control to -- but have no fear, there are always things to try!Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by Primacoustic, and DiGiCo, and Electro-Voice.

How many bassists does it take to talk about live sound mixing?A lot, apparently, given that so many of us are bass players. In this week's episode, James and Samantha finally tackle the topic that could easily turn into a 3-part gear series: bass guitar. Bassists On Bassists -- what a world. Tune in to hear a whole lot of opinions, and some great starting points for nailing that persnickety bass.Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by Primacoustic, and DiGiCo, and Electro-Voice.

That's right, "miking" not "micing".James and Samantha deep-dive into stereo miking techniques, why it's important, when we should do it, and why our lizard brains function the way they do. If you're curious about stereo miking, this episode is for you!Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by Primacoustic, and DiGiCo, and Electro-Voice.

Eliminate variables, don't create them.In this week's episode, James and Samantha tackle every tech's most important and most feared skillset: troubleshooting. What happens when our wedges are feeding back? How come my iPad won't connect? How do I figure out what's happening? Join us as we wrestle with troubleshooting tips and tricksCo-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by Primacoustic, and DiGiCo, and Electro-Voice.

What happens if you choose to believe the best in the people you serve with? How do you manage your leadership team? This week, Samantha and James discuss what it's like to work with leaders who are perhaps failing to lead, and what we can do to help drive our tech teams and our houses or worship to success.Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by Primacoustic, and DiGiCo, and Electro-Voice.

This week, Brad Price from Audinate joins James and Samantha to discuss Dante Virtual Soundcard, when it's time to start implementing Dante, and if Dante is affecting sound quality, plus more! Networked audio -- it's time to get on board, folks! Audinate has some excellent training available, and we always highly suggest techs take at least the Level 1 Certification to familiarize themselves. Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by Primacoustic, and DiGiCo, and Electro-Voice.

While Samantha and James are recovering from some hectic travel and personal losses, we wanted to bring you the second part of one of our most popular episodes: The Best of the Best, Part 2! Where we've condensed nuggets of info from some of our most-downloaded episodes.This episode features clips from Episodes 52 (Church Gear), 51 (Letting Go of a Volunteer), 61 (Virtual Soundcheck), 65 (Audio Protocols), and 54 (System Tuning).Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by Primacoustic, and DiGiCo, and Electro-Voice.

Since his early teens Nolen Ryba has been an audiophile seeking the best sound imaginable. Today, he's with a group of fellow sound enthusiasts delivering on that dream.  Nolen is a Design Engineer on a team of “audio nerds” at Electro-Voice. They're delivering on that dream with the giant MTS speakers which offer market-leading output with exact coverage for indoor/outdoor sports and music venues as well as houses of worship.  Listen in as Nolen shares his passion for making the world sound better.   Read more about Nolen's story here: https://www.bosch.us/news-and-stories/nolen-ryba/  

Low frequencies are notoriously hard to control. They have a tendency to build up and get out of whack. Why is that and how can we mitigate those problems? What's low-end feedback? Why should we invest time into this at all? Samantha and James discuss low frequencies in our systems and how to tackle issues before someone notices!Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by Primacoustic, and DiGiCo, and Electro-Voice.

Guitars (after vocals) are the most prominent instrument in modern worship services. Acoustic, electric, multiples of each, even! James and Samantha dive in to mixing guitars, miking them up, and how we approach guitars in mixes on Sundays.Co-host Samantha Potter is also co-lead instructor with Church Sound University — a training program tailored specifically for worship audio techs that's now also available online. Reach her via LinkedIn, on IG @potteraudio, or contact her via email here email.Co-host James Attaway is the author of the Live Mixing Field Guide, a quick-start guide to EQ, compression and effects. Find more from James on the Attaway Audio YouTube Channel and at AttawayAudio.com. Reach him on IG @attawayaudio or contact him via email here.Church Sound Podcast is sponsored by Primacoustic, and DiGiCo, and Electro-Voice.