Hacker Public Radio

This show has been flagged as Explicit by the host. New hosts Welcome to our new hosts: Vance, not_toby. Last Month's Shows Id Day Date Title Host 4566 Mon 2026-02-02 HPR Community News for January 2026 HPR Volunteers 4567 Tue 2026-02-03 Movie Recommendations for Hackers Deltaray 4568 Wed 2026-02-04 Book reading The Cuckoo's Egg by Cliff Stoll Henrik Hemrin 4569 Thu 2026-02-05 Kiosk with guest mode on Linux Klaatu 4570 Fri 2026-02-06 Playing Civilization V, Part 8 Ahuka 4571 Mon 2026-02-09 Data processing retrospective Lee 4572 Tue 2026-02-10 Uncommon Commands, Episode 3 - strace Deltaray 4573 Wed 2026-02-11 Nuclear Reactor Technology - Ep 6 Thorium Reactors Whiskeyjack 4574 Thu 2026-02-12 UNIX Curio #0 - Introduction Vance 4575 Fri 2026-02-13 Making First Contact Ken Fallon 4576 Mon 2026-02-16 Responce to Lee/Elsbeth eps operat0r 4577 Tue 2026-02-17 HPR Beer Garden 10 - Scotch Ale/Wee Heavy Kevie 4578 Wed 2026-02-18 Alex's journey into Amateur Radio thelovebug 4579 Thu 2026-02-19 Happy by shower Antoine 4580 Fri 2026-02-20 The First Doctor, Part 4 Ahuka 4581 Mon 2026-02-23 Sharp Intake of Breath City (A.K.A.) How I learnt to stop worrying about the fork bomb not_toby 4582 Tue 2026-02-24 Hackerpublic Radio New Years Eve Show 2026 Episode 1 Honkeymagoo 4583 Wed 2026-02-25 Nuclear Reactor Technology - Ep 7 Small Modular Reactors Whiskeyjack 4584 Thu 2026-02-26 Recording a show, and crappy audio Archer72 4585 Fri 2026-02-27 mpv util scripts candycanearter Comments this month These are comments which have been made during the past month, either to shows released during the month or to past shows. There are 37 comments in total. Past shows There are 2 comments on 2 previous shows: hpr4562 (2026-01-27) "Software development doesn't end until it's packaged" by Klaatu. Comment 1: Steve Barnes on 2026-02-03: "(Yeah!)" hpr4564 (2026-01-29) "MakeMKV error" by Archer72. Comment 1: candycanearter07 on 2026-02-05: "regression testing?" This month's shows There are 35 comments on 11 of this month's shows: hpr4566 (2026-02-02) "HPR Community News for January 2026" by HPR Volunteers. Comment 1: Whiskeyjack on 2026-02-03: "Community News for January - Scheduling of Episodes"Comment 2: Ken Fallon on 2026-02-04: "response to Whiskeyjack"Comment 3: Whiskeyjack on 2026-02-04: "response to Ken Fallon - Episode Scheduling Guidelines"Comment 4: Ken Fallon on 2026-02-04: "You're right"Comment 5: candycanearter07 on 2026-02-06: "my two cents"Comment 6: Whiskeyjack on 2026-02-06: "Response to candycanearter07 on episode scheduling"Comment 7: Ken Fallon on 2026-02-07: "re "reschedule shows which don't need to be on a specific date forwards or backwards"" hpr4567 (2026-02-03) "Movie Recommendations for Hackers" by Deltaray. Comment 1: Kinghezy on 2026-02-03: "Office space lumbergh"Comment 2: Antoine on 2026-02-04: "An attractive invitation to watch"Comment 3: Henrik Hemrin on 2026-02-04: "Inspiring recommendations"Comment 4: ClaudioM on 2026-02-05: "Awesome Episode!"Comment 5: Jim DeVore on 2026-02-06: "Great Show!"Comment 6: hobs on 2026-02-23: "Loved the show!" hpr4569 (2026-02-05) "Kiosk with guest mode on Linux" by Klaatu. Comment 1: operat0r on 2026-01-18: "weee"Comment 2: candycanearter07 on 2026-02-05: "very informative!"Comment 3: Jim DeVore on 2026-02-06: "I learned some things that I will try out"Comment 4: candycanearter07 on 2026-02-06: "RE: I learned some things that I will try out" hpr4571 (2026-02-09) "Data processing retrospective" by Lee. Comment 1: Henrik Hemrin on 2026-02-10: "Conversation"Comment 2: Beeza on 2026-02-18: "A Special Episode" hpr4572 (2026-02-10) "Uncommon Commands, Episode 3 - strace" by Deltaray. Comment 1: Ken Fallon on 2026-01-13: "My future self thanks you"Comment 2: candycanearter07 on 2026-02-10: "fantastic learning and debugging tool!"Comment 3: Some Guy on the Internet on 2026-02-11: "It's MAGIC!"Comment 4: Paulj on 2026-02-18: "Great Information" hpr4574 (2026-02-12) "UNIX Curio #0 - Introduction" by Vance. Comment 1: brian-in-ohio on 2026-02-12: "This will be a good series"Comment 2: Vance on 2026-02-14: "Thanks, brian-in-ohio!"Comment 3: Paulj on 2026-02-18: "Thanks for your first show, and upcoming series!" hpr4576 (2026-02-16) "Responce to Lee/Elsbeth eps" by operat0r. Comment 1: Elsbeth on 2026-01-16: "Thank you" hpr4577 (2026-02-17) "HPR Beer Garden 10 - Scotch Ale/Wee Heavy" by Kevie. Comment 1: Gan Ainm on 2026-02-18: ""Scotch" Ale from the Baltic Sea" hpr4578 (2026-02-18) "Alex's journey into Amateur Radio" by thelovebug. Comment 1: Archer72 on 2026-02-17: "Congrats!"Comment 2: Trey on 2026-02-18: "Congratulations! " hpr4579 (2026-02-19) "Happy by shower" by Antoine. Comment 1: candycanearter07 on 2026-02-20: "timing"Comment 2: Antoine on 2026-02-26: "Re # 1 -" hpr4581 (2026-02-23) "Sharp Intake of Breath City (A.K.A.) How I learnt to stop worrying about the fork bomb" by not_toby. Comment 1: Archer72 on 2026-02-17: "First episode"Comment 2: Trey on 2026-02-23: "Welcome!"Comment 3: Steve Barnes on 2026-02-24: "Potted Plant Emoji" Mailing List discussions Policy decisions surrounding HPR are taken by the community as a whole. This discussion takes place on the Mailing List which is open to all HPR listeners and contributors. The discussions are open and available on the HPR server under Mailman. The threaded discussions this month can be found here: https://lists.hackerpublicradio.com/pipermail/hpr/2026-February/thread.html Events Calendar With the kind permission of LWN.net we are linking to The LWN.net Community Calendar. Quoting the site: This is the LWN.net community event calendar, where we track events of interest to people using and developing Linux and free software. Clicking on individual events will take you to the appropriate web page.Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. sorry about the computer fan i didnt realize how loud it was until after everything was recorded all scripts are prefixed with a_ for personal organization _a_props.lua mp.observe_property("path", "native", function() local domain = string.match(mp.get_property_native("path") or "", ".*://w*%.*(.-)[:/]") if domain then mp.set_property("user-data/domain-path", domain) else mp.del_property("user-data/domain-path") end end) mp.observe_property("playtime-remaining", "native", function (_, tr) if tr then mp.set_property("user-data/playtime-remaining-seconds", math.floor(tr)) end end) a_aspectratio.lua local targetw = 16 local targeth = 9 local marginerror = 0.1 local function resetgem() local dim = mp.get_property_native("osd-dimensions") if not dim or dim.w == 0 then return end mp.set_property("geometry", dim.w .. "x" .. dim.h) end local function dimensionhop(_, dim) if dim.w == 0 or dim.h == 0 then return end local cd = dim.w / dim.h local td = targetw / targeth -- floating points my beloved -- checking we're in a good range so it doesnt inf loop -- also it updates the geometry field so profile restore can work if cd > (td - marginerror) and cd < (td + marginerror) then resetgem(); return end local setw = dim.h * td local newdim = setw .. "x" .. dim.h mp.set_property("geometry", newdim) mp.osd_message("setting " .. newdim) end mp.observe_property("osd-dimensions", "native", dimensionhop) mp.register_event("start-file", resetgem) mp.register_event("end-file", resetgem) a_cover-visualiser.lua local function resolve_missing_cover(domain) local extico = { ["hub.hackerpublicradio.org"] = "https://hackerpublicradio.org/images/hpr_logo.png", ["yellowtealpurple.net"] = "https://yellowtealpurple.net/forums/data/assets/logo/favicon-32x32.png", -- yes using a product picture is silly but so is not featuring your icon ANYWHERE else ["anonradio.net"] = "https://sdf.org/store/thumbs/anon3.jpg", ["hashnix.club"] = "default", ["radio.kingposs.com"] = "https://kingposs.com/assets/buttons/PossBadge.gif" } if domain then local force = extico[domain] if force == "default" then return resolve_missing_cover() end if force and mp.commandv("video-add", force, "auto", "domainhardcode.png") then return end local favico = "https://" .. domain .. "/favicon.ico" if mp.commandv("video-add", favico, "auto", "favico.png") then return end end mp.command("video-add ~~/cover.png auto default.png") end local function inject_needed() local tracks = mp.get_property_native("track-list") local needed = true for _, v in ipairs(tracks) do if v.type == 'video' then if not v.image then return end needed = false end end if needed then resolve_missing_cover(mp.get_property_native("user-data/domain-path")) end mp.set_property("file-local-options/lavfi-complex", "[aid1] asplit=3 [a0][a1][ao] ; " .. "[vid1] scale=sws_dither=none:flags=neighbor:w=max(iw,256):h=max(iw,256):force_original_aspect_ratio=increas e:force_divisible_by=8, scale=h=-1:w=720, split=3 [vref0][vref1][vfin] ; " .. "[a0] showfreqs=size=hd720, hue=h=220 [rawfreq] ; " .. "[rawfreq][vref0] scale=flags=neighbor:w=rw:h=rh/2 [freq] ; " .. "[a1] showvolume=f=0.5:h=14 [rawvol] ; [rawvol][vref1] scale=flags=neighbor:w=(3*rw)/4:h=-1, geq=p(X,Y):a=255 [vol] ; " .. "[vfin][freq] overlay=y=main_h-overlay_h [prevo] ; [prevo][vol] overlay [vo] ") end -- mp.register_event("start-file", inject_needed) -- mp.observe_property("current-tracks/audio", "native", inject_needed) mp.add_hook("on_preloaded", 50, inject_needed) my cover.png (640x480) example with hardcoded image (notice theres only one volume bar because hpr is mixed to mono) example with favicon detection (youll probably see this one a lot since its the default icon for icecast servers) example with default/no cover (my art!!) a_playlist.lua mp.register_script_message("full-clear", function() mp.set_property("playlist-pos", -1) mp.command("playlist-clear") end) mp.register_script_message("playlist-next-to-last", function() local target = mp.get_property_native("playlist-pos") if target < 0 then return end target = target + 1 mp.osd_message("moved " .. mp.get_property_native("playlist/" .. target .. "/filename")) mp.commandv("playlist-move", target, 999) end) a_rcfill.lua -- relative cache refill -- sets cache-pause-wait based on how fast the playback and download speed is local function set_pause(_, incache) if not incache then return end -- rate of bytes incoming local ds = mp.get_property_native("cache-speed") if not ds then return end -- rate of bytes consumed * 2 local kbc = (mp.get_property_native("audio-bitrate") or 0) + (mp.get_property_native("video-bitrate") or 0) kbc = (kbc/8) * (mp.get_property_native("speed") or 1) * 3 local secs = math.min(kbc/ds, 20) if secs < 1 then secs = 2 end mp.set_property("file-local-options/cache-pause-wait", secs) mp.osd_message("buffering " .. math.floor(secs) .. " secs...") end local function jump_to_ecache(amt) if not amt then return end local endtime = mp.get_property_native("demuxer-cache-time") if not endtime then return end mp.commandv("seek", endtime - amt, "absolute") mp.osd_message("jumped to realtime-" .. amt .. "s") end mp.observe_property("paused-for-cache", "native", set_pause) mp.register_script_message("jump-to-ecache", jump_to_ecache) a_titlebar.lua mp.set_property("user-data/dynatitle-default", mp.get_property("title") or "mpv") local function title_update() if not mp.get_property_native("media-title") then mp.set_property("title", mp.get_property_native("user-data/dynatitle-default")) return end local pl = mp.get_property_native("playlist-pos") if pl ~= -1 then pl = mp.get_property_native("playlist-count") - pl - 1 end local tr = mp.get_property_native("playtime-remaining") if not tr then -- file currently loading -- since this is a slow changing value, we can just set this literally local disp = "" if pl ~= -1 then disp = "( " .. pl .. " files remaining )" end mp.set_property("title", "loading ${media-title} " .. disp) return end local progress = "${percent-pos} " if tr < 100 then local emg = "-" if pl < 1 then emg = "-!" end progress = emg .. "${user-data/playtime-remaining-seconds} " end if mp.get_property_native("paused-for-cache") then progress = "B${cache-buffering-state} " end local netspeed = "" if mp.get_property_native("demuxer-via-network") then netspeed = "${cache-speed} " end local domainlabel = "" if mp.get_property_native("user-data/domain-path") then domainlabel = "via ${user-data/domain-path} " end mp.set_property("title", "${?pause==yes:P}" .. progress .. netspeed .. "${media-title} " .. domainlabel) end mp.observe_property("percent-pos", "native", title_update) mp.observe_property("cache-buffering-state", "native", title_update) mp.register_event("start-file", title_update) mp.register_event("end-file", title_update) mp.register_event("playback-restart", title_update) mp.add_periodic_timer(5, title_update) Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. I record on a couple of earbuds, and a Zoom Essential microphone, and compare audio quality. Wikipedia : Microphone Zoom Essential mic Zoom Essential mic specs Tozo Open Ear Earbuds with mic Soundcore Open Ear Earbuds with mic Axet Audio Recorder : Alternative install F-droid no longer hosts this Android app Original app, now a 404 error Axet Audio Recorder : 404 page Axet Audio Recorder : v3.5.23 released 2025-08-16T12:36:09.841Z Axet Audio Recorder : v3.5.23 release page Axet Audio Recorder : v3.5.23 apk file F-droid : Obtainium Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. 01 Introduction This episode is the seventh in an 8 part series on nuclear reactor technology. In this episode we will describe a topic which has been in the news in recent years, which is "small modular reactors", or SMRs for short. 03 What is an SMR? Basic Definition A small modular reactor is a nuclear reactor that is designed to be largely built in a factory and subject to as little on-site assembly as possible. The main goal is to lower costs by reducing construction times and allowing a more rapid start of return on investment. 04 Sized Based Definition Some people put a numerical size limit on SMRs, saying that they must be no larger than 300 MW to qualify as an SMR. However this limit is not universally accepted, and not all SMR designs fall within this arbitrary limit. I will ignore this numerical limit and just consider anything to be an SMR if it meets the criteria of being largely built in a factory with minimal on-site assembly. 05 The Actual Goal of the SMR Idea The actual goal of the SMR idea is to build reactors rapidly and efficiently on more or less an assembly line basis rather than hand crafting each one. One engineer in the nuclear industry has compared building reactors to building ships. Traditional shipbuilding techniques involved assembling each ship from the keel up on the slipways from individual components. 06 Newer shipbuilding techniques assemble ships as separate "blocks" inside factory-like buildings and then join completed blocks together in a final assembly stage. This requires careful planning and tight quality control, but it results in building ships much more rapidly and economically. This engineer said that SMRs are attempting to bring this newer way of doing things to the nuclear reactor industry as well. 07 SMR Categories - Small Versus Micro 08 Small SMRs 09 Small SMRs and Small Grids 10 Micro SMRs for Micro Loads 13 Micro SMRs for Large Industry 14 SMRs to Power Data Centres 15 What's This Nonsense About "Micro Small Modular Reactor" You Ask? 17 Small Reactors and Modular Reactors That Are Not SMRs 20 Standard Versus Proprietary Fuel 23 Where SMRs are Currently Being Built 24 HTR-PM in China 28 Repurposed Ship Reactors in Russia 31 300 MW BWR in Canada 33 470 MW PWR in UK 35 25 MW PWR in Argentina 37 Various Experimental SMRs 38 Modular Large Reactors 40 Conclusion SMRs are a new trend in nuclear reactor design. However, they are really two different things which fill two different needs. One style is intended to adopt designs which allow for more rapid construction with more of the work being done in the factory and less on the construction site, with the overall goal of reducing costs. The other style is to provide very small reactors to power remote communities and mines, or to provide process heat to large industries. The first SMRs are in operation or under construction. The most promising grid scale designs at present are simply scaled down and simplified conventional designs that use standard commercial fuel. Larger reactors will incorporate modular construction techniques, blurring the lines between them and SMRs. In the next episode we will talk about future reactor technologies, particularly what are referred to as "Generation IV" reactors. Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Explicit by the host. 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https://nintendo.fandom.com/wiki/List_of_Mario_games Mario World 2 https://www.mariowiki.com/Super_Mario_World_2:_Yoshi%27s_Island Harry Potter Ride https://www.universalorlando.com/web/en/us/things-to-do/rides-attractions/harry-potter-and-the-forbidden-journey Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure https://www.universalorlando.com/web/en/us/things-to-do/rides-attractions/hagrids-magical-creatures-motorbike-adventure Harry Potter Wands https://www.universalorlando.com/web/en/us/things-to-do/shopping/potter-wands Harry Potter Wand Holder (3D printable) https://makerworld.com/en/models/917744-wand-stand-harry-potter#profileId-879432 Bronze PLA https://www.hatchbox3d.com/products/3d-pla-1kg1-75-brnz Linux Mint https://linuxmint.com/ Clem (Linux Mint) https://blog.linuxmint.com/?author=1 New Harry Potter TV Show https://www.teenvogue.com/story/harry-potter-tv-reboot-hbo-everything-you-need-to-know JK Rowling https://www.jkrowling.com/ HBO https://www.hbomax.com/ Iraq https://www.state.gov/countries-areas/iraq Arcane Casebook (Author - Dan Willis) https://www.goodreads.com/series/259903-arcane-casebook Altered Carbon (Book) https://elitistbookreviews.com/2018/04/05/altered-carbon/ Arcanum Unbounded (Author - Brandon Sanderson) https://www.brandonsanderson.com/blogs/blog/introducing-arcanum-unbounded Amazon Music https://music.amazon.com/?referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F Richard Pryor https://www.richardpryor.com/ John Pinette https://www.dead-frog.com/comedians/comic/john-pinette Stormlight Archive https://www.brandonsanderson.com/pages/the-stormlight-archive-series Mistborn Saga https://www.brandonsanderson.com/pages/the-mistborn-saga-the-original-trilogy The Last Airbender https://avatar.fandom.com/wiki/Avatar:_The_Last_Airbender Wax and Wayne https://www.brandonsanderson.com/pages/the-mistborn-saga-the-wax-wayne-series Tress And The Emerald Sea https://www.brandonsanderson.com/pages/standalones-cosmere Isles of the Amber Dark Legion https://www.brandonsanderson.com/pages/collections-non-cosmere Wheel of Time (Sanderson books) https://www.brandonsanderson.com/pages/the-wheel-of-time-series Sunreach https://www.brandonsanderson.com/pages/skyward-flight Benedict Jacka https://benedictjacka.co.uk/ Project Hail Mary (Andy Weir) https://andyweirauthor.com/#project-hail-mary The Martian (Andy Weir) https://andyweirauthor.com/#the-martian Artemis (Andy Weir) https://andyweirauthor.com/#artemis Libby https://libbyapp.com/interview/welcome#doYouHaveACard Analog Hole https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_hole Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Explicit by the host. Note: The following code `:(){ :|:& };:` was replaced with Fork Bomb in the title. Ever wanted to hear a middle age man waffle on incoherently for half an hour about how he went from BMX bum to BSD botherer (1) ???? Well then, you've come to the right place :-) Behold my banal FLOSS adventure of 15 very odd years in all it's hax & glory! You're got to give it away to keep it ;-) Weirdly there is a wonderful Scottish BMX brand called BSD... If you ever want some cool BSD stickers or T-Shirts they make some funky stuff... P.S. Apologies for the endless extravagant sharp intakes of breath... to be fair it's a better filler than "like" or "do you know what I mean"... :-/ Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. This is a further look at the stories of the First Doctor, portrayed by William Hartnell, during the 1960s. The First Doctor, Part 4 Galaxy 4 This science fiction story is focused on the idea of not judging a book by its cover. The Tardis lands on a deserted, dying planet. They see a funny looking robot that Vicki calls a “Chumbley”. Then another one appears, and they investigate, but are rescued by three beautiful women who tell them they were in great danger, and take the three travelers back to their ship, where they meet the leader, Maaga, another beautiful woman. But somehow these women are odd and cold. They tell of how they met another ship from a evil race, the Rill, and that in a space battle the ships damaged each other and landed on this planet. Then later the travelers meet the Rill, who initially refuse to reveal their appearance because it would frighten the humans. Turns out they were very alien in appearance, but not at all evil, and it was the beautiful women who were evil. Mission to the Unknown This short little story takes place on the planet Kembel, and agents from Earth realize that the Daleks are here, and up to no good. This is really a prequel to The Daleks' Master Plan, and is notable as the only Doctor Who story in which none of the regular cast appears. The reason is that this is an extra episode slot given to the Doctor Who team late in the day, and the regular cast were already given vacation time off. So it is best to take this as Episode 0 of The Dalek's Master Plan, not as a stand-alone story. The original story has been lost, like so many episodes of early Doctor Who, but a very nice version was done by the University of Central Lancashire, and you can view it on YouTube. It is introduced by Edward de Souza, who played Marc Cory in the original, and is worth a look. They really did a good job. The Myth Makers This is another “historical” story, though instead of verified history it is historical legends at play here, in the form of the Seige of Troy by the Greeks. So you have all of the Homeric cast here: Achilles, Priam, Hector, Odysseus. The Doctor is taken for a God by Achilles, though Odysseus has his doubts. Vicki is captured by the Trojans and taken to Troy, calls herself Cressida, and is taken for a Goddess. Steven goes to Troy to try and free her, but is seen as a Greek, and so Vicki is now suspect. She falls in love with a son of Priam named Troilus, and you think something might happen here, particularly if you are familiar with play of Shakespeare called Troilus and Cressida. This story only has faint echoes of the play, preserving that Cressida is Greek and Troilus is Trojan. In this case it is Cressida staying with Troilus, so instead going back to the Tardis Vicki is now out. One more companion gone. This marked the departure of Verity Lambert as producer, and she was replaced by John Wiles. Wiles tried to implement changes, such as making the show a bit darker, but ran into opposition from both Hartnell and BBC Management, and resigned after producing four stories ( The Myth Makers through The Ark). And the popularity of other SF shows on television made a move to more SF and less history desirable. And as for Hartnell's opposition, it is notable that he had become quite identified with the role of The Doctor and was very proprietorial with it. This would come to pose problems later as his health declined. The Daleks' Master Plan This story arc takes twelve episodes, or thirteen if you add Mission to the Unknown, as you indeed should. The reason for such a long story arc is that Sir Huw Wheldon, the Director-General of the BBC at that time wanted a “monster length” Dalek story because his mother was a big Dalek fan. And this story has a lot going for it. The length means that you can do more character development. The story starts out with Steven recovering from a sword-thrust during the fall of Troy, and being attended by Katarina, a Trojan maiden, who is now in the Tardis. They arrive on the planet Kembel, and meet with Space Special Security agent Bret Vyon, played by Nicholas Courtney, who in a few years would become the beloved Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart. Vyon tries to force the Doctor to take him to Earth so he can warn the planet, but the Doctor recognizes the Daleks and wants to find out more about their plans. And this brings us to one the most evil villains in Doctor Who, Mavic Chen. You see, the Daleks have assembled a group of villainous aliens to join together in conquering the Earth, and Mavic Chen is part of the group. He is also the idolized Guardian of the Solar System. So he is a traitor! Katarina, the Trojan maiden, sacrifices herself to save the others from a convict they meet on a prison planet. Another wonderful character is Sara Kingdom (played by Peggy Marsh), head of Space Special Security, who has been told by Mavic Chen that Vyon and the others are traitors, and who kills Vyon, who is in fact her brother! But they manage to convince her that Chen is the real traitor, and she joins them. In the middle of this story arc Christmas happened, and this resulted in the most absurd episode ever of Doctor Who, called The Feast of Steven, capped by the Doctor breaking the fourth wall. The episode is now among the missing. but you can find reconstructions on YouTube if you want to see the absurdity of it. And there is a re-appearance of The Meddling Monk. This is a sprawling story, but overall worth a look. Mavic Chen, played by Kevin Stoney, is delightfully evil, and Stoney would return to play another villain in the Troughton story The Invasion. and it is interesting to see Nicholas Courtney before he got the role he would always be identified with. Doctor Who would not do anything this large again until _The Flux_ in 2021, and frankly this story makes more sense. The Massacre of St. Bartholomew's Eve You will often see this as simply The Massacre, which is fine since there is no other story with a similar title. And after that massive science fiction story, another historical story. This involves the true story of Protestants in France being massacred by the Catholics, and the main feature worth calling our here is that William Hartnell plays two roles in this story. He is the Doctor, of course, but also the Abbott of Amboise, a leader among the Catholics looking to rid France of the Protestants. This idea of playing two parts became even more nicely done by Patrick Troughton later in Enemy of the World. In any case, this leads to confusion by Steven who thinks the Abbott is actually the Doctor. In the story a servant girl named Anna Chaplette is rescued, and this opens up the interesting possibility that she is the ancestor of Dodo (i.e. Dorothea) Chaplet, a companion who appears at the end. She witnesses a car crash, and barges into the Tardis thinking she can call the police. While the novelty of Hartnell playing two parts may stand out on first look, this story is really a showcase for Peter Purves, in his role of Steven Taylor. Because Hartnell is not on screen very much, Purves really has to carry the plot, and does so admirably. Hartnell was on vacation when the second episode was filmed, and so didn't appear at all. And his health problems were beginning cause problems which contributed to this situation. He was having a lot of trouble with remembering his lines, which is a real problem for an actor. He was not that old by current standards, as he was 58 when this story was produced, and as I am 73 as I write this, 58 seems more like late youth to me. The Ark The Tardis materializes on a spaceship in the far future. It is carrying the future of the human race to a new planet, Refusis 2, because the Earth is falling into the sun. But it also has an odd race called the Monoids, who have one eye. They are an alien race who came to Earth when their own planet was dying, and now they serve the humans. Unfortunately, the Tardis crew carries germs for which humans and Monoids on the Ark have no immunity, and sickness breaks out. One faction wants to kill the Doctor and his companions, but instead the Doctor finds a cure for the disease, and they leave on the Tardis. Then the Tardis materializes back on the Ark, but they discover that hundreds of years have passed. The Monoids have rebelled and taken over, and now the humans serve them. As the old saying has it, be kind to those you meet on the way up, for you will meet them again on the way down. Links: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_4 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mission_to_the_Unknown https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NW8yk-m5Ig8 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Myth_Makers https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troilus_and_Cressida https://guide.doctorwhonews.net/person.php?name=JohnWiles https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Daleks%27_Master_Plan https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0785302/ https://tardis.fandom.com/wiki/The_Flux https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Massacre_(Doctor_Who) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Ark_(Doctor_Who) https://www.palain.com/science-fiction/intro-to-doctor-who/the-first-doctor-part-4/ Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Hello, dear beloveds. Here with you, at HPR: Antoine. The message of this episode is the following: life comes in waves. ~~ Circumstances are volatile. For the majority of them, we have no control of what happens. Things happen, in climate events, in health (ours or another one's), financially, emotionally. Many depend on choices that others make, or outside events that we, as humans, cannot trace cause-and-effect route — hamla ! [interjection], we can't even tell the weather precisely yet. Our emotions are subject to the same phenomenon. As far as they are tied to that events, our feelings of sadness, of relief, will come and go, also, as ~~ waves! Unpredictable, impetuous, imprecise. It ruins the health. Do you listen to your heartbeat? It can be 80 or 110 bpm from one second to another by the choices of your thinking, without you moving a muscle. A basketball player can be a better player only training in his mind, in imagination, in comparison to one that does not practice al all. Your mind, and by it we mean now the choices of your thinking, have influence in your muscular abilities and in your body chemicals. These regulate basically the entirety of your sensations, and contribute to your health or lack of it. So, when one believes, he have a stable point in which to be firm. Even though the circumstances are waves, he is not floating on them. He's anchored. That's why, if firm (true) in this faith, he's more stable and happier than an ordinary person, one that has no hope at all, but lives by what the world has to offer today. In summary, the instability is not beneficial. And we are taken to this thinking, for the pursuit of something we believe is worth it, and may be not. Then, when someone presents something we “need”, that may not be the case. We can think. Then, we choose: what we live for? How I choose to feel, and behave, because or in spite of what happens around and around? and around. No matter the point of the universe one person has reached, physically or perceptually, that does not define him for eternity. Because it is not in that past, it is happening right now, has not ended, yeah? Now, a point of experience of me. I have days of very low mood and uncertainty. The feeling of serving for absolutely nothing. (Even in good days, that may feel true, but does not define me as when I go to the ground on this thinking.) I have been said things like this, from people I value, or valued then, more than family of blood. These are days I eat not healthily, I don't have the appropriate care of my body, I don't shower. Until recently, those were days of much suffering. But I perceived that, in the next day of each of these days, in keeping trusting the hope I have, I can have a night of rest. I can wake up and take a shower, and after all start anew, having lived the bad experience the day prior as an experience that, at that moment, I only wanted to go away as soon as possible. But after going through the entirety of it, on its full duration, I would not replace this feeling-and-learning experience by anything else. Someone has said that anguish is what makes us do something. In comfort, we only go, comfortable. The purpose, or the action, comes from the need to change. Every little experience (and not only the great and abnormal) contribute to mould someone in his trajectory. Bye bye. Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Dave interviews Alex about his journey into Amateur Radio, given that he only passed his Foundation licence at the end of December. What we forgot to mention is that he managed to get his callsign just before Christmas, so that was a rather lovely gift! Links to stuff spoken about in the episode: hpr3473 :: My journey into Amateur Radio (Dave's journey) Maltby and District Amateur Radio Society (our local club) RSGB Foundation Licence Manual HamTrain's Foundation Study Guide Essex Ham RSGB Foundation Licence NATO Phonetic Alphabet RSGB National Radio Centre (GB3RS) at Bletchley Park We hope you enjoyed this episode, and we'll be happy to follow up any questions! 73 de Dave M7TLB and Alex M7OUO Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Kevie and Dave discuss the history of the Wee Heavy and also sample some of these hard to find gems. Dave samples Innes & Gunn Original whilst Kevie opts for Traquair House 2000th Brew Connect with the guys on Untappd: Dave Kevie The intro sounds for the show are used from: https://freesound.org/people/mixtus/sounds/329806/ https://freesound.org/people/j1987/sounds/123003/ https://freesound.org/people/greatsoundstube/sounds/628437/ Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Explicit by the host. I don't even know where I went with this but the idea was just to say the stuff Elsbeth expereanced was typical for corp-o's and that some of the issues she had getting work or jobs could be exponentially compounded by the result of neurodiversity. More private ADHD resources [ ] 12 Principles for Raising a Chi - Russell A. Barkley.epub 2024-03-08 10:43 453K [ ] 12 Principles for Raising a Child with ADHD - Russell A. Barkley.epub 2021-08-11 19:34 967K [VID] ADD and Loving It.mp4 2023-10-24 09:11 260M [VID] ADHD - Understanding the Superpowers Within [ezwOHAo3O_k].webm 2022-07-01 09:36 161M [IMG] Autism+Spectrum.png 2024-03-03 08:50 520K [SND] BC_200_Answering_Your_Questionsa1qb8-BC_200_Answering_Your_Questionsa1qb8.mp3 2022-12-12 17:41 71M [TXT] BC_200_Answering_Your_Questionsa1qb8-BC_200_Answering_Your_Questionsa1qb8.txt 2023-01-03 10:58 32K [ ] Bubble Gum Brain A Picture Book About Growth Mindset 17.epub 2024-11-13 09:37 1.0M [DIR] Bubble Gum Brain_ A Picture Boo - Julia Cook/ 2024-03-08 10:46 - [DIR] Cognitive.Behavioral.Therapy.for.Daily.Life-xpost/ 2024-06-14 10:29 - [VID] Drugging Our Kids [L7lHeosq-FY].webm 2018-03-30 20:28 432M [SND] Full Audiobook _ You Mean I'm Not Lazy, Stupid or Crazy [A-4-OKGaLDs].mp3 2020-11-01 18:52 49M [ ] Gary Chapman - The Five Love Languages How to Express Heartfelt Commitment to Your Mate (retail) (epub).epub 2021-08-11 19:34 914K [ ] Gary Chapman - The Five Love Languages How to Express Heartfelt Commitment to Your Mate (retail) (epub).pdf 2021-08-11 19:34 1.7M [VID] Learning Differently (ADHD Documentary) [9JMroyfJtO4].webm 2023-09-18 22:29 463M [VID] Living With ADHD BBC Documentary [5lrcxmOolB8].webm 2015-04-08 01:15 138M [VID] Take Back Control - Presentation by Dr. Edward Hallowell [HhoXGXtShGs].webm 2019-10-28 18:32 163M [VID] The Disorder That Will Affect Us All (Dopamine Secrets)- ADHD Documentary [48JKfl0ggPI].webm 2022-12-21 08:32 1.3G [VID] The Disruptors (2021) - [WEBRIP-1080P][AAC 5.1][X264]-RARBG.mp4.mp4 2023-10-24 09:42 774M [ ] The Explosive Child.pdf 2024-11-13 06:21 714K [TXT] The Explosive Child.txt 2024-11-14 01:20 338K [SND] The Explosive Child Audiobook.mp3 2024-11-14 09:30 161M [VID] Trevor Noah on Depression, ADHD & Ketamine Therapy [eKQTS-hAAcI].webm 2024-05-21 14:32 181M [VID] Video by adhdoers Markiplier.mp4 2024-06-20 21:39 4.3M [ ] You Mean I'm Not Lazy, Stupid o - Kate Kelly.epub Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Making First Contact An amateur radio contact, more commonly referred to as simply a "contact", is an exchange of information between two amateur radio stations. The exchange usually consists of an initial call, a response by another amateur radio operator at an amateur radio station, and a signal report. A contact is often referred to by the Q code QSO. It is often limited to just a minimal exchange of such station IDs. Stations who have made a contact are said to have worked each other. An operator may also say that he has worked a certain country. QSO: (amateur_radio) Making your first QSO Kees's history 1990 PD1OOY VHF/UHF only, 25 Watt, only F3E. (NED, BEL, LX, DL) 1991 PE1OOY CEPT Class II 1995 G7TWO 1st British callsign CEPT Class II 1997 PE7TWO First vanity callsign CEPT Class II 2000 M5TWO CEPT Class A+B+ CW included 2000 PA7TWO CEPT Class I + CW included 2002 M5TWO CEPT Class I + CW included Ken's history COVID-19 lockdown in the United Kingdom 2020-08-21 Amateur Foundation Examination 2021-01-28 Amateur Intermediate Examination 2021-08-05 Amateur Full Radio Licence Links UK Amateur Licensing Baofeng UV-5R Mini 5W Dual Band Radio BangGood Tech Minds video " This Baofeng UV-5R Mini Is Almost Perfect - And It's Only $25! " QSO: amateur_radio QSL Card IARU Region 1 HF band plan QRZ.com Club Log Modulation Codes , Types of radio emissions Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. This series is dedicated to exploring little-known—and occasionally useful—trinkets lurking in the dusty corners of UNIX-like operating systems. As the zeroth entry of this series, we'll have a little introduction to what it is supposed to be about and why you might want to listen. So that you don't leave without getting at least one piece of useful information, it will end with a little curio that you might find helpful someday. Back in 2010, I was the editor of the newsletter, titled The Open Pitt, for the Western Pennsylvania Linux Users Group in Pittsburgh. We distributed it as a two-page PDF, so had to have enough material to fill each issue. Because we were having some trouble getting contributions, I started writing columns in a series called "UNIX Curio" to occupy the empty space. They were inspired in large part by examples I had seen of people re-inventing ways to do things when utilities for the same purpose had already existed for a long time. The obvious question is: just what is a UNIX Curio? Let's start with the first word, UNIX. While a lot of people write it "Unix" instead, I have chosen to put it in all capitals because that is the way The Open Group, which controls the trademark and the certification process to use it, spells the word 1 . The history of UNIX is complex (search online for more details 2 )—the short version is that many variants emerged, often introducing incompatibilities. Even within AT&T/Bell Laboratories, two major branches came out. The Research UNIX lineage, which includes Seventh Edition (sometimes called Version 7), was often used in universities and government while System III and its more popular successor System V were clearly intended as commercial products 3 . The University of California's BSD was also very influential. My intention is to talk about things that are relatively common; ideally, they would be present on a large majority of systems so you can actually use them. Luckily, there were people who recognized the value in compatibility, so in the mid-1980s they initiated the development of the POSIX standards 4 . Publication of these not only caused commercial UNIX versions to aim for conformance—it gave Free Software implementations of utilities and operating systems a stable base to shoot for rather than having to chase multiple moving targets. As a result, today's GNU/Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD systems generally behave as specified in POSIX, even if they haven't officially earned the UNIX or POSIX labels, so I treat them as part of the UNIX world. Moving on to the second word, "curio," it just means "an object of curiosity, often one considered novel, rare, or bizarre." There are many well-used utilities in the UNIX world, but people forget about others because they are only useful in specific circumstances. And when those circumstances arise, these obscure ones don't always get remembered. One purpose of this series is to point out some of them and describe where they can be appropriately put to use. With the flexible tools available on UNIX systems and the ability to string them together, it shouldn't be surprising that people come up with new ways to accomplish a task. I don't want to claim that these curios are always the best way to do something, just that it can be helpful to know they exist and see the way someone else solved the problem. Also, if you're using an unfamiliar system, sometimes programs you are accustomed to employing might not be installed so it's good to know about options that are widely available. So why am I the person to talk about this subject? I am not a UNIX graybeard with decades of professional computing experience. If I did grow a beard, it would only be partially gray, and my working life has been spent in the engineering world mainly around safety equipment. Sadly, there I have been forced to use Windows almost exclusively. However, in my academic and personal pursuits, I have been involved with using UNIX and Linux for more than 30 years, so I do have a bit of a historical perspective. For some reason, when I encounter an unusual or obscure tool, I want to learn more about it, especially so if I find it to be useful in some way. After gaining that information, I might as well share it with you. In addition, I have been involved with Toastmasters International, a public speaking organization, for about 15 years so I have experience in presenting things orally. I was inspired to turn this article series into podcasts by murph 5 , who delivered a presentation at the 2025 OLF Conference describing how and why to contribute to Hacker Public Radio 6 . The show notes for curios 1 through 3 will consist of the articles as they were originally written (though with references added). Because some examples, especially code, can be difficult to understand when they are read out loud, the podcasts will sometimes present the information in a different way. Show notes for this curio 0 and for curios 4 and later will be written with the podcast format in mind, so they will more closely match what I say. Let's end with an actual curio to kick off the series. Have you ever needed a quick reminder about whether the file you're looking for can be found under the /usr or /var directories? On many UNIX systems, man hier will give you an overview of how the file hierarchy is organized. This manual page is not a standard, but was present in Seventh Edition UNIX 7 and many descendents, direct and indirect, including every Linux distribution I have ever used. There are attempts to standardize the layout; in the Linux world, the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) 8 , now hosted by Freedesktop.org 9 , intends to set a path to be followed. It should be noted that systemd has its own idea of how things should be laid out based on the FHS; if it is in use, try man file-hierarchy instead as it will likely be a more accurate description. I hope this gives you a good idea of what to expect in future episodes. The first one will be about shell archives, so keep an eye on Hacker Public Radio's schedule for it to appear. References: The Open Group Trademarks https://www.opengroup.org/trademarks History of Unix https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Unix The Unix Tutorial, Part 3 https://archive.org/details/byte-magazine-1983-10/page/n133/mode/2up POSIX Impact https://sites.google.com/site/jimisaak/posix-impact Correspondent: murph https://hackerpublicradio.org/correspondents/0444.html OLF Conference - December 6th, 2025 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hyEunLtqbrA&t=25882 File system hierarchy https://man.cat-v.org/unix_7th/7/hier Finding a successor to the FHS https://lwn.net/Articles/1032947/ Freedesktop.org now hosts the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard https://lwn.net/Articles/1045405/ Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Thorium Reactors 01 Introduction In this episode we will describe the use of thorium in nuclear power, including what thorium is, how it differs from uranium, and what sort of reactors can use it. 03 What is thorium 05 How thorium differs from uranium 07 Sources of Thorium 09 Why there is interest in using thorium as a fuel 10 Abundance of Thorium 11 Some Countries Have a Lot of It 12 Thorium Breeder Reactors are Simpler than Uranium Breeder Reactors 14 Supposed Lower Nuclear Weapons Potential 16 What is Thorium Breeding 20 Breeding Ratio 21 What sorts of reactors can use thorium 22 PHWRs - Heavy Water Reactors (Including CANDU) 24 HTR - High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactors 26 MSR - Molten Salt Reactors 29 Light Water Reactors (PWR, BWR) 31 Fast Neutron Reactors 32 The Challenges Facing Thorium Fuelled Reactors 37 Thorium in India - An Example Use Case 39 Why is India Pursuing Using Thorium? 40 How a Thorium Fuel Cycle Would Work in India 43 Current Status 46 Conclusion Thorium is an abundant material that is seen as an alternative to uranium in nuclear power. Experimental thorium power reactors date back to at least the 1960s. No new reactor technology is required to use thorium. Existing well proven reactor designs which have been in use for decades can use thorium as fuel. The common light water reactor designs that popular in some countries however are not well suited to using thorium. Initial interest in thorium was mainly driven by a perception that uranium would be in short supply in future, and slow neutron thorium reactors were cheaper and simpler than fast neutron uranium reactors. However, huge new high grade supplies of uranium were found in a number of countries, causing uranium prices to fall and reducing interest in finding alternatives. While some R&D continues on thorium fuel in a number of countries, the mainstream of development continues to be on uranium based fuel. Some countries with abundant thorium reserves though maintain a major interest in thorium, with India being the prime example. In the next episode we will describe small modular reactors. Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. These are the commands mentioned in the You may need to use "sudo" to run these commands depending on how your system is configured. strace uptime strace ls 2>&1 | grep open strace -e openat ls / strace ls /does/not/exist strace -o ls-trace.log ls strace -ff -o pid12345-trace.log -p 12345 HISTORY The original strace was written by Paul Kranenburg for SunOS and was inspired by its trace utility. The SunOS version of strace was ported to Linux and enhanced by Branko Lankester, who also wrote the Linux kernel support. Even though Paul released strace 2.5 in 1992, Branko's work was based on Paul's strace 1.5 release from 1991. In 1993, Rick Sladkey took on the project. He merged strace 2.5 for SunOS with the second release of strace for Linux, added many features from SVR4's truss(1), and produced a ver‐ sion of strace that worked on both platforms. In 1994 Rick ported strace to SVR4 and Solaris and wrote the automatic configuration support. In 1995 he ported strace to Irix (and became tired of writing about himself in the third person). Beginning with 1996, strace was maintained by Wichert Akkerman. During his tenure, strace development migrated to CVS; ports to FreeBSD and many architectures on Linux (including ARM, IA-64, MIPS, PA-RISC, PowerPC, s390, SPARC) were introduced. In 2002, responsibility for strace maintenance was transferred to Roland McGrath. Since then, strace gained support for several new Linux architectures (AMD64, s390x, SuperH), bi- architecture support for some of them, and received numerous additions and improvements in system calls decoders on Linux; strace development migrated to Git during that period. Since 2009, strace has been actively maintained by Dmitry Levin. During this period, strace has gained support for the AArch64, ARC, AVR32, Blackfin, C-SKY, LoongArch, Meta, Nios II, OpenRISC 1000, RISC-V, Tile/TileGx, and Xtensa architectures. In 2012, unmaintained and apparently broken support for non-Linux operating systems was removed. Also, in 2012 strace gained support for path tracing and file descriptor path decoding. In 2014, support for stack trace printing was added. In 2016, system call tampering was implemented. For the additional information, please refer to the NEWS file and strace repository commit log. Links https://strace.io https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strace https://www.man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/strace.1.html Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. We start with Orwellian depictions of the future read about in the 1950/60s. Working in the 1970s at companies such as British Telecom and the L urgie . We hear about telex , mainframes with magnetic tape , type-writers , and the upskilling of the workforce by the labour-exchange . How did a cold and lack of a home telephone lead to businessmen arriving in a foreign land sans camels? Why were filing cabinets replaced by databases (or were they)? We hear about gaming from a home made version of Pong all the way to Alone in the Dark . Then modern times: we hear about some favourite youtube streams and discover that living in the 2020s is (just about) possible without a smartphone . Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. In our next look at the game mechanics for Civilization V we examine several related topics: Diplomacy, Spies, and Religious Pressure. They are all ways to interact with other players without the force of arms being involved. And we will discuss the Diplomatic Victory, which is a new victory type added in Civilization V and can be fun to play. Playing Civilization V, Part 8 - Diplomacy Other Players With other players you have a relationship based on their approach to you. They are: Neutral – This is not Friendly nor is it Hostile. Trades you make with them will be fair from their point of view Friendly – They like you, and will accept requests from you more often. Trades will be slightly in your favor from their point of view. Afraid – This only happens if you have a a very substantial advantage in strength, so this is rare. They will readily accept requests from you, and trades will be in your favor Guarded – They are suspicious and defensive, and will be more likely to be unfriendly. Trades will be harder to achieve, and favor them rather than you. Deceptive – They will pretend to be friendly, but they are plotting against you. They may bribe other players to declare war on you. They will not accept requests for help, and trades will be hard to achieve. Hostile – They hate you, and are completely open about it. Trade deals, if you can get them, will be heavily against you. War – This means they have decided to go to war with you. But they need the right conditions, so they may pretend to be Friendly, Neutral, Guarded, or Hostile while they wait for those conditions to mature. These are not set in stone, as you can modify how the other player feels towards you by your actions. If you have friends in common that will improve your relationship, or if you have enemies in common. Agreeing to their requests will also improve things. But if you cannot agree, just say so. The worst negative modifier is when you agree to do something, and then do the opposite. Saying no is also negative, but not as bad. Finally, remember that negatives will erode over time if they are not reinforced. If you want a very detailed look at the mechanics and details of this, check out https://civ-5-cbp.fandom.com/wiki/Detailed_Guide_to_Diplomacy. City-States City-States are also important diplomatic partners. We'll cover all of the benefits in a different section, but here I want to focus on how they enable the Diplomatic Victory. At a certain point the United Nations will be born out of the World Congress, and when this happens a Diplomatic Victory is possible. This will occur when any player reaches the Information Era, or whenever half of the players have reached the Atomic Era. Diplomatic Victory requires that you get the votes of a certain number of delegates to the United Nations. Each player gets delegates based on their population, and there are also some additional delegates you can earn, such as through building the World Wonder Forbidden Palace which gives you two additional delegates. Anyone planning for a Diplomatic Victory should consider building this Wonder as mandatory. But each City-State gets one delegate, and if you are allied with them their delegate is yours. The mechanics of City-State relationships is that they love gifts, and cash is always the best. So anyone planning a Diplomatic Victory would be well-advised to focus on building a large Treasury. You will know when a World Leader vote is coming up in the United Nations, and can make cash drops on any City-States that are not already allied with you before the vote. But watch out that another player doesn't do the same thing after you and snipe away some of your allies. Also, you can place your spies in City-States to rig elections, and that is another way to get them to ally with you. Spies and Espionage Spies are simply awarded to you whenever any player enters the Renaissance Era. After that you receive another spy each time to advance to another Era. So you can in general have as many as 5 Spies, but if you build the National Intelligence Agency you get one more. This is a National Wonder, and should be a mandatory build if you are going for a Diplomacy victory. And England starts with 1 extra Spy, so if you play as England you could get as many as 7 Spies. Spies can be used for offense or defense. If you station one of your spies in one of your cities it can operate as a counter-spy, and may thwart or even kill an enemy spy. If you are well ahead in technology, that might be a good use, since other players will be trying to steal your tech. But if you are behind, you might want to use your spies to steal tech from other players. You may be successful in this, but the theft does not go unnoticed, and other player may use one of his spies to counter your operation. If you spy is killed, you will get another one in 3-5 turns, but if your spy was a high-rank spy with promotions, that is a serious loss, so you may want to move that spy elsewhere for a while. Diplomats When you assign a spy to the capital of another player you can designate them as a Diplomat. They will take a few turns (depends on game speed, but around 6 turns on normal speeds) to get set up. This is called “Making Introductions”, but the point is that if you need an effective diplomat, don't wait until the last minute. Diplomats can be useful in several ways. Early on, they allow you to trade votes in the World Congress. And they will bring you intelligence about intrigues, and you can then share that with other players. And it can also give you a view of the other player's City Screen. Once you have researched Globalization your Diplomats can help with a Diplomatic Victory because each one counts as one additional vote in the United Nations for World Leader. You can change a spy into a Diplomat and vice versa just by moving the Spy/Diplomat from its current location to another location, which will trigger the ability to change the job assignment. This means that when you first get Spies, and they cannot yet be used to get additional Delegate votes as Diplomats, you can assign them to City-States, where they can help you get alliances. Then as you start to research Globalization, move them to the capitals of other players and turn them into Diplomats. This of course assumes you want to win a Diplomatic victory. If instead you are going for a Science victory and are ahead in Science, it is probably best to station them in your own cities to do counter-intelligence work. If you are ahead in Science, other players will be trying to steal tech from you. Religious Pressure If you have researched all of the Piety Social Policy Tree, you will have option to choose a Reformation Belief to add to your religion. One of these, Underground Sect, allows your spies to exert religious pressure against the city they have been sent to. However, this effect is fairly small. If there is not a Follower of your religion in the city, it seems to do nothing. But in combination it can flip cities to your religion. Start by sending in a Missionary to spread your religion, then your spy can add to that. And you should also combine that with a trade route to add additional religious pressure. And by gradually moving your spies, missionaries, and trade routes from city to city, you can make your religion dominant in a region. Diplomatic Victory This can be a fun way to win, and I have done it. If you want to get a leg up, start with a Civ that gives you advantages, such as Greece or Venice (although my last diplomatic Victory was achieved with Ethiopia, which is generally regarded as a military/domination Civ. You can win any victory type with any civ, and it can be fun to “play against type”). Greece gets an advantage from relations with City-States, which are key to a Diplomatic Victory because each one gets a vote for World Leader. And Venice is interesting because you cannot build settlers. But you can use cash to puppet City-States, and you can purchase units in puppeted City-States as well. Cash is king in the Venice strategy, and you will want to get as many Trade Routes as possible. The first two should send Food to Venice to help boost your population. Since you will only ever have one city as Venice you will want to max it out. All trade routes after that should focus on cash. Use your cash to purchase or upgrade military units, and employ a defensive strategy. You want enough military to deter any aggression against you, but you should avoid making any hostile moves against others if possible. Remember, this is a strategy for a Diplomatic Victory. If you want to go to war, don't choose Venice. Instead choose one of the Domination Civs, like the Zulus or the Mongols. Links: https://civ-5-cbp.fandom.com/wiki/Detailed_Guide_to_Diplomacy https://www.palain.com/gaming/civilization-v/playing-civilization-v-part-8/ Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Create a Linux kiosk at your library Start without a guest account The first few steps of this process don't actually require a guest user directory to exist, so do NOT create your guest user account yet. However, you do need to choose what your guest user account is going to be called. A reasonable account name for Don's purposes is libraryguest. On my personal computer I call my guest account guestaccount, and I've used kioskguest on some installations. I avoid just the name “guest” because in modern computing the term “guest” gets used in a few other ways (such as a “guest operating system” in a virtual environment), and it's just easier to find something unique in logs. Choose a unique name for you guest account, but don't create it yet. For this article, I'm using libraryguest. Create the PostSession script By default, GDM recognises several states: Init, PostLogin, PreSession, and PostSession. Each state has a directory located in /etc/gdm. When you place a shell script called Default in one of those directories, GDM runs the script when it reaches that state. To trigger actions to clean up a user's environment upon logout, create the file /etc/gdm/PostSession/Default. You can add whatever actions you want to run upon logout to the Default script. In the case of Don's library, we wanted to clear everything from the guest's home directory, including browser history, any LibreOffice files or GIMP files they may have created, and so on. It was important that we limited the very drastic action of removing all user data to just the guest user. We didn't want the admin's data to be erased upon logout, so whatever rule we added to /etc/gdm/PostSession/Default had to be limited to the guest user. Here's what we came up with: #!/usr/bin/sh echo "$USER logged out at `date`" >> /tmp/PostSession.log if [ "X$USER" = "Xlibraryguest" ]; then rm -rf "$HOME" fi exit 0 The first line is for logging purposes. The /tmp directory gets cleared out on most distributions automatically, so we weren't worried about creating a file that'll grow forever and eventually crash the computer. If your distribution of choice doesn't clean out /tmp automatically, create a cron job to do that for you. GDM knows what user triggered the logout process, so the if statement verifies that the user logging out is definitely the libraryguest user (that's the literal name of the user we created for library patrons).Note that the whitespace around the square brackets is important, so be precise when typing! As long as it is libraryguest, then the script removes the entire user directory ($HOME). That can be extremely dangerous if you make a mistake, so do thorough testing on a dummy system before implementing a script like this! If you get a condition wrong, you could erase your entire home directory upon logout. In this example, I've successfully limited the rm command to a logout action performed by user libraryguest. The entire /home/libraryguest directory is erased, and the computer returns to the GDM login screen. When a new user logs in, a fresh directory is created for the user. You can put any number of commands in your script, of course. You don't have to erase an entire directory. If all you really want to do is clear browser history and any stray data, then you can do that instead. If you need to copy specific configuration files into the environment, you can do that during the PreSession state. Just be sure to test thoroughly before committing your creation to your users! What happens when the guest doesn't log out At this point, the computer erases all of the user's data when the user logs out, but a reboot or a shutdown is different to a logout. GDM doesn't enter a PostSession state after a reboot signal has been received, even if the reboot occurs during an active GDM session. The easiest and safest way to erase an entire home directory when there's a cut to system power is to use a temporary RAM filesystem (tmpfs) to house the data in the first place. If the systems you're configuring have 8 GB or more, and the system is exclusively used as a guest computer, you can probably afford to use RAM as the guest's home directory. If your system doesn't have a lot of RAM, then you can use the systemd work-around in the next section. Assuming you have the RAM to spare, and that your systems are supported by a backup power supply, you can add a tmpfs entry in /etc/fstab. In this example, my tmpfs is mounted to /home/libraryguest and is just 2 GB: tmpfs /home/libraryguest tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,size=2G 0 0 That's plenty of space for some Internet browsing and even a few LibreOffice documents to be saved while a user works. Mount the new volume: $ sudo mount /home/libraryguest Next, you must create the libraryguest user manually in a terminal.The useradd command creates user profiles: $ sudo useradd --home-dir /home/libraryguest libraryguest useradd: warning: the home directory /home/libraryguest/ already exists. useradd: Not copying any file from skel directory into it. Because you've already created a location for the home directory, you do get a warning after creating the user. It's only a warning, not a fatal error, and the guest account is automatically populated later. Create a password for the new user: $ sudo passwd libraryguest That's it! You've created a guest account that refreshes with every logout and every reboot. You can skip over the next section of this article. Using systemd targets instead of a ramdisk Assuming you can't create a ramdisk for temporary user data, you can instead create a systemd service that runs a script when the reboot, poweroff, and multi-user targets are triggered: [Unit] Description=Kiosk cleanup [Service] Type=oneshot ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kiosk-cleanup.sh [Install] WantedBy=poweroff.target reboot.target multi-user.target Save the file to /etc/systemd/system/kioskmode.service and then enable it: $ sudo systemctl enable --now kioskmode The script, like the GDM script, removes the libraryguest directory. Unlike GDM script, this one must also recreate an empty home directory and grant it user permissions: #!/usr/bin/bash rm -rf /home/libraryguest mkdir /home/libraryguest chown -R libraryguest:libraryguest /home/libraryguest Grant the script itself permission to run: $ sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/kiosk-cleanup.sh Now the libraryguest user data is erased after: Logout Reboot Shutdown Startup Essentially, no matter how the computer loses its session or its power, the libraryguest account starts fresh when a new session is started. Security and privacy Using systemd to erase data at shutdown and startup isn't strictly as secure as using a temporary ramdisk for all user data. Should the computer lose power suddenly, all saved user data in the libraryguest account is present during the next boot. Of course, it's erased as soon as multi-user.target is called by systemd, but it is technically possible to interrupt the boot process and mine for data. You must use full drive encryption to protect data from being discovered by an interrupted boot sequence. Why not just use xguest On many Linux distributions, the xguest package is designed to provide the Guest account, which resets after each logout. It was an extremely useful package that I installed on every machine I owned, because it's handy to be able to let friends use my computer without risking them making a mess of my home directory. Lately, it seems that xguest is failing to launch a desktop, however, presumably because it relies on X11. If xguest works for you in your tests, then you may want to use it instead of the solution I've presented here. My solution offers a lot of flexibility, thanks to GDM's autodetection of session states. Kiosks in libraries Privacy and personal information is more important than ever. Regardless of how you setup a kiosk for your library, you have an obligation to your users to keep them informed of how their data is being stored. This goes both ways. Users need to know that their data is destined to be erased as soon as they log out, and also they deserve to be assured that their data is not retained. However, it's also your responsibility to admit that glitches and exceptions could occur. Users need to understand that the computer they're using are public computers on a public network. Encryption is being used for traffic and for data storage, but you cannot guarantee absolute privacy. As long as everyone understands the arrangement, everyone can compute with confidence. Linux, GDM, and systemd are great tools to help libraries create a sustainable, robust, honest, and communal computing platform. Show notes taken from https://www.both.org/?p=13327

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. 1985, I started to work at a telecom equipment manufacturer. We had a main frame computer in our combined office- and lab room. We were four sitting in the room and it was this one terminal for all of us and maybe even for someone more. Downstairs, we at component technology department had our big climate controlled laboratories. I used an HP 85 computer having the Basic programming language to automize measurements of resistors. And there were several more of them for other measurements of various electronic components. Also more advanced computers were used in the labs and as I recall also with other languages than Basic. I remember I learned briefly a bit about one of those languages but have forgotten which one. The secretary at the department could send Telex messages around the world. We handed a hand written manuscript to her and she typed it into the Telex system. And she had a Xerox computer with big, at least the 8 inch floppy discs. Not so many years later my manager got a Personal computer running DOS and some years later it DOS computers also to the staff. But also very early we had a Sun Unix station. And for many years Unix became my daily driver at work. Before I started to work, in school we had some education in Basic programming. We were using the at least in Sweden very successful and good Luxor ABC 80 computer. At the end of my school time, my school got the top notch ABC 800 with colour screen. At home so I could get a chance to learn somewhat more about computers and Basic programming in my own pace, I got a Zinclair ZX 80 computer, which I later upgraded to ZX 81. One summer job when I was a student I was at Televerket, the Swedish PTT. It meant that I visited numerous of exchange stations. Many at the country side, some with very few subscribers so I could hear the relay start when someone was making a call. At bigger stations it was noise from relays all the time. As I mentioned, after studies were completed I was working with telecom equipment in particular for land line telephony. Not at least I worked with components for the line cards, the card at the telephone exchange that is facing towards the end user. The book The_Cuckoo's_Egg is a hacker thriller based on a true story that happened in the mid-1980's going on for a year. It was written by the hunter shortly after. Cliff Stoll describes Unix commands, which are similar to Linux. He talks about passwords, about encryption and a lot more. Many technical details he describes by using analogy with more common non technical life examples. A security hole in GNU-Emacs software, a software still around today, plays a central role in how the hacker could penetrate. To fix and update security holes are very relevant today as well. Many things in computers and technology have changed. But at the same time very much of the problems are valid today although they are somewhat different. And the way he describes technical details for the non-technical reader are relevant also today, I believe. At the same time as the book has many technical details, he also describes the daily life at home, the left wing culture he belonged to at the university, his long hair and the dress code he belonged to. And the music. He also describes his contacts to numerous authorities and frustration in those contacts. I am very impressed of his analytical research approach, his persistence, his skills and inventiveness including inventiveness of his girl friend and others. One take away for me is that he kept a detailed log book. It is an important research tool. The log book together with the print outs of exactly what the hacker did were core references for analyzing and make conclusions, retract and change conclusions when new information lead to that earlier assumptions were wrong. He also wrote a technical paper about it before he wrote the book. For those interested, there are several videos with him of later date on various topics.Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Warning, this episode containers some spoilers for movies. The following movies are in my cybersecurity movie library. The ones marked * are included in review in this episode. 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) * AntiTrust (2001) Blackhat (2015) Blade Runner (1982) Catch Me If You Can (2002) Citizenfour (2015) CSI: Cyber (2015) Enemy of the State (1998) Firewall (2006) Gattaca (1997) * Ghost in the Shell (1995) Hackers (1995) * Heartbreakers (2001) The Imitation Game (2014) I, Robot (2004) Johnny Mnemonic (1995) Jurassic Park (1993) * The KGB, the Computer and Me (1990) * - Youtube link The Lives of Others (2006) * Lo and Behold, Reveries of the Connected World (2016) The Matrix (1999) The Matrix Reloaded (2003) * The Matrix Revolutions (2003) Minority Report (2002) Mission: Impossible (1996) * Mr. Robot (2015) The Net (1995) * The Net 2.0 (2006) Ocean's Eleven (2001) Office Space (1999) * Person of Interest (2011) * Revolution OS (2001) The Social Network (2010) Sneakers (1992) * Superman III (1983) * Surrogates (2009) Swordfish (2001) Takedown (2000) Tron (1982) * WarGames (1983) * Slashdot "Best Hacker movie" poll (August 2001): https://slashdot.org/poll/683/best-hacker-flick This episode contains short except clips from some of these movies used under free use for demonstration. Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Explicit by the host. New hosts Welcome to our new hosts: Jim DeVore, Carmen-Lisandrette. Last Month's Shows Id Day Date Title Host 4544 Thu 2026-01-01 Uncommon Commands, Episode 2 Deltaray 4545 Fri 2026-01-02 YouTube Subscriptions 2025 #12 Ahuka 4546 Mon 2026-01-05 HPR Community News for December 2025 HPR Volunteers 4547 Tue 2026-01-06 Cheap Yellow Display Project Part 6: The speed and timing of Morse Trey 4548 Wed 2026-01-07 YouTube Subscriptions 2025 #13 Ahuka 4549 Thu 2026-01-08 [deprecated] Pomodoro Task Tool (pomotask.sh) candycanearter 4550 Fri 2026-01-09 Playing Civilization V, Part 7 Ahuka 4551 Mon 2026-01-12 “Elsbeth in IT: Since '97” (Part 2) Elsbeth 4552 Tue 2026-01-13 Printer Conspiracy MrX 4553 Wed 2026-01-14 Nuclear Reactor Technology - Ep 4 Less Common Reactor Types Whiskeyjack 4554 Thu 2026-01-15 How I do todo Jim DeVore 4555 Fri 2026-01-16 HPR Beer Garden 8 - Belgian Christmas Ales Kevie 4556 Mon 2026-01-19 Nitro man! RC Cars operat0r 4557 Tue 2026-01-20 Why I prefer tar to zip Klaatu 4558 Wed 2026-01-21 YouTube Subscriptions 2025 #14 Ahuka 4559 Thu 2026-01-22 Enkele off line vertaaltools Ken Fallon 4560 Fri 2026-01-23 Arthur C. Clarke: Other Works, Part 2 Ahuka 4561 Mon 2026-01-26 A bit about Mission:Libre, a new project for 11-14 year olds in free software Carmen-Lisandrette 4562 Tue 2026-01-27 Software development doesn't end until it's packaged Klaatu 4563 Wed 2026-01-28 Nuclear Reactor Technology - Ep 5 Fast Reactors Whiskeyjack 4564 Thu 2026-01-29 MakeMKV error Archer72 4565 Fri 2026-01-30 HPR Beer Garden 9 - Barley Wine Kevie Comments this month These are comments which have been made during the past month, either to shows released during the month or to past shows. There are 20 comments in total. Past shows There are 6 comments on 5 previous shows: hpr4313 (2025-02-12) "Why I made a 1-episode podcast about a war story" by Antoine. Comment 3: Ken Fallon on 2026-01-23: "Spammer" hpr4424 (2025-07-17) "How I use Newsboat for Podcasts and Reddit" by Archer72. Comment 7: Ken Fallon on 2026-01-03: "Some podcast aggregators show ccdn.php as file name #321" Comment 8: Archer72 on 2026-01-05: "Re: download-filename-format for HPR podcasts" hpr4532 (2025-12-16) "Cheap Yellow Display Project Part 5: Graphical User Interface " by Trey. Comment 2: Ken Fallon on 2026-01-10: "Possible Graphics Library" hpr4536 (2025-12-22) "Welcome to the Linux Community" by Deltaray. Comment 6: Archer72 on 2026-01-05: "Re: Good talk CliMagic" hpr4543 (2025-12-31) "Nuclear Reactor Technology - Ep 3 Reactor Basics" by Whiskeyjack. Comment 2: Kevin O'Brien on 2026-01-01: "Really enjoying this series" This month's shows There are 14 comments on 9 of this month's shows: hpr4546 (2026-01-05) "HPR Community News for December 2025" by HPR Volunteers. Comment 1: Archer72 on 2026-01-06: "Nuclear Reactor series"Comment 2: Henrik Hemrin on 2026-01-07: "Linux" hpr4551 (2026-01-12) "“Elsbeth in IT: Since '97” (Part 2)" by Elsbeth. Comment 1: operat0r on 2026-01-15: "White Male" hpr4552 (2026-01-13) "Printer Conspiracy" by MrX. Comment 1: candycanearter07 on 2026-01-24: "printer issues" hpr4554 (2026-01-15) "How I do todo" by Jim DeVore. Comment 1: brian-in-ohio on 2026-01-17: "Welcome"Comment 2: candycanearter07 on 2026-01-24: "good first show!" hpr4555 (2026-01-16) "HPR Beer Garden 8 - Belgian Christmas Ales" by Kevie. Comment 1: KarldaTech on 2026-01-16: "Christmas Ale" hpr4557 (2026-01-20) "Why I prefer tar to zip" by Klaatu. Comment 1: candycanearter07 on 2026-01-20: "interesting experiment" hpr4559 (2026-01-22) "Enkele off line vertaaltools " by Ken Fallon. Comment 1: ClaudioM on 2026-01-23: "Just What I Needed!"Comment 2: mnw on 2026-01-26: "Great Recommendations!" hpr4561 (2026-01-26) "A bit about Mission:Libre, a new project for 11-14 year olds in free software" by Carmen-Lisandrette. Comment 1: Henrik Hemrin on 2026-01-27: "Happy to learn about the project"Comment 2: candycanearter07 on 2026-01-28: "cool project" hpr4563 (2026-01-28) "Nuclear Reactor Technology - Ep 5 Fast Reactors" by Whiskeyjack. Comment 1: mnw on 2026-01-29: "Great Series"Comment 2: Whiskeyjack on 2026-01-29: "hpr4563 :: Nuclear Reactor Technology - Ep 5 Fast Reactors" Mailing List discussions Policy decisions surrounding HPR are taken by the community as a whole. This discussion takes place on the Mailing List which is open to all HPR listeners and contributors. The discussions are open and available on the HPR server under Mailman. The threaded discussions this month can be found here: https://lists.hackerpublicradio.com/pipermail/hpr/2026-January/thread.html Events Calendar With the kind permission of LWN.net we are linking to The LWN.net Community Calendar. Quoting the site: This is the LWN.net community event calendar, where we track events of interest to people using and developing Linux and free software. Clicking on individual events will take you to the appropriate web page. Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. With winter in full swing in the UK, Dave and Kevie continue their look at winter warmer ales with a review of a couple of British Barley Wine ales. Dave samples Ridgeway's Criminally Bad Elf whilst Kevie tries out a lmited release from Chiltern Brewery Roger Bodger's Barley WIne. Connect with the guys on Untappd: Dave Kevie The intro sounds for the show are used from: https://freesound.org/people/mixtus/sounds/329806/ https://freesound.org/people/j1987/sounds/123003/ https://freesound.org/people/greatsoundstube/sounds/628437/ Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. I am using MakeMKV version 1.18.2, the most updated version of the program USB Blu-ray drive BD-MLT UJ240AS reads a DVD or Blu-ray disc correctly Matshita SATA Blu-ray drive BDDVDRW CH20L stalls with ad DVD or Blu-ray disc Hewlett Packard The disc does not stall with Handbrake There is enough power, using an adapter that provides 12v Before: MakeMKV v1.18.1 linux(x64-release) stuck when launched How do I download older versions? MakeMKV old version repo makemkv-bin-1.17.7.tar.gz 2024-05-15 16:29 makemkv-oss-1.17.7.tar.gz 2024-05-15 16:31 After: Recorded with: Zoom H1 Essential Microphone Monitored with: soundcore V20i open ear headphones Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Fast Reactors 03 Fast versus Slow Neutrons "Fast neutron" reactors are ones which use the "fast neutron" reaction. This is as opposed to "slow" or "thermal" neutron reactors which use a slow neutron reaction. Nearly all reactors in use today use a slow neutron reaction. 04 Moderators 06 No Moderator in Fast Neutron Reactors 07 Burners versus Breeders 08 Fast Fission Fuel Cycle 08 "Typical" Fuel 09 Other Methods 10 Reprocessing 11 Fuel Types 11 Oxide 12 Metal 13 Nitride 14 Carbide 15 Coolant 16 Liquid Sodium 18 Liquid Lead or Lead-Bismuth 19 Helium Gas 20 Molten Salt 21 History of Fast Neutron Reactors 21 Origins 22 Reasons for Developing Them 23 Reasons They are Still Being Developed 24 This is a Proven Technology 25 Plutonium Stockpiles 26 Pros and Cons of Fast Reactors If fast reactors are more expensive and difficult to operate than slow reactors, why is there any interest in them? 27 Pros Fast neutron reactors can use all of the uranium supply by converting the U-238 to plutonium as well as using the U-235. Slow neutron reactors can only use the U-235 plus converting a very small proportion of the U-238 to plutonium. This means that a given amount of fuel will go much further when used with a fast neutron reactor than a slow one. 28 Some (but not all) fast neutron reactors can produce more plutonium than they use. This extra plutonium can be used to make uranium-plutonium mixed oxide (or MOX) fuel to be used in slow reactors, or it can be used to power a thorium fuel cycle. So the higher cost of the fast neutron reactors can be offset by having it produce fuel for several slow neutron or thorium reactors. 29 They can also use up or "burn" radioactive waste. That is, highly radioactive elements which are a byproduct of fuel use but not usable as fuel by themselves can be separated from the spent fuel and fed back into the reactor where the additional radiation will convert them into elements or isotopes which are either not radioactive or which are otherwise easier to dispose of. 30 Cons There are a number of cons however, as otherwise there would be a lot more fast neutron reactors in the world. Since water, even "light" water, is a moderator, fast neutron reactors cannot use water as a coolant. Other alternative coolants must be used, and these complicate the design of the reactor and make it more difficult to operate. 31 Alternative compatible coolants may be corrosive, and so new materials may need to be developed for both the reactor vessel and the fuel cladding. Alternative coolants are often opaque, making it difficult to inspect the reactor. The fuel cycle requires reprocessing spent fuel, which means that reprocessing facilities have to be set up, which is an additional expense. 32 Fast neutron reactors were primarily developed on the premise that uranium supplies were limited and would soon become very expensive. However new very large and very high grade uranium deposits were discovered in Canada, Australia, and Kazakhstan, causing uranium prices to fall rather than rise. As a result it is much cheaper to operate a once-through fuel cycle than to build fast neutron reactors. 33 Future Prospects Currently fast neutron reactors are not economically competitive with slow neutron reactors for electric power generation so there isn't a lot of interest from prospective customers. Originally interest in them was driven by a belief that the world would run short of uranium. However, higher uranium prices sparked increased mineral exploration which resulted in finding large high grade reserves of low cost uranium, undercutting the need for economizing on its use. 34 There is still ongoing R&D though as they offer several other use cases. One is to get rid of radioactive waste elements by turning them into non-radioactive or less radioactive isotopes or elements. The other is to provide a supply of plutonium for fuelling thorium reactors. 35 Conclusion This has been a short overview of fast neutron reactors, including their history, uses, and underlying design features. In the next episode we will describe the use of thorium in nuclear power, including what thorium is, how it differs from uranium, and what sort of reactors can use it. Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Development isn't over until it's packaged Most software development I've done has been utilities for highly specific workflows. I've written code to ensure that metadata for a company's custom file format gets copied along with the rest of the data when the file gets archived, code that ensures a search field doesn't mangle input, lots of Git hooks, file converters, parsers, and of course my fair share of dirty hacks. Because most software projects I work on are designed for a specific task, very few of them have required packaging. My utilities have been either integrated into a larger code base I'm not responsible for, or else distributed across an infrastructure by an admin. It's like a magic trick, which has made my life conveniently easier but, as magic does, it has also tricked me into thinking that my development work is done once I can prove that my code does its job. The reality is that code development isn't actually done until you can deliver it to your users in a format they can install. I don't think I'm alone in forgetting that software delivery is the real final product. There are many reasons some developers stop short of providing an installable package for the code they've worked on for weeks or months or years. First of all, packaging is work, and after writing and troubleshooting code for months, sometimes you just want your work to be over just as soon as everything functions as expected. Secondly, there are a lot of software package formats out there, regardless of what platform you're delivering to. However, I view packaging as part of quality assurance. There are lots of benefits you gain by packaging your code into an installer, and you don't have to target every package format. In fact, you get the benefits of packaging by creating just one package. Checking for consistency When you package your code as an installable file, whether it's an RPM file or a Bash script or a Flatpak or AppImage or EXE or MSI or anything else, you are checking your code base for consistency. Pick whatever package format you're most comfortable with, or the one you think represents the bulk of your target audience, and you're sure to find that the package tooling expects to be automated. Nobody wants to start packaging from scratch every time they update code, so naturally packaging tools are designed to be configured once for a specific code base and then to create updated packages each time the code base is updated. If you're building a package for your project and discover that you have to manually intervene, then you've discovered a bug in your code. Imagine that you've got a project repository with a name in camel-case. You hadn't noticed before, but your code refers to itself in a mix of lowercase and camel-case. Your package build grinds to a halt because a variable used by the packaging tools suddenly can't find your code base because it was set to a lowercase title but the archive of your code uses camel-case. If this happens to you, it's also going to happen for every software packager trying to help you deliver your project to their users. Fix it for yourself, and you've fixed it for everyone. Discover surprise dependencies For decades, one of the most common problems of software troubleshooting has been the phrase “well, it works on my machine.” No matter how many tools we developers have at our disposal to make it easy to build and run software on a clean system, it's still common to accidentally deliver software with surprise dependencies. It's easy to forget to revert to a clean snapshot in a virtual machine, or to use a container that just happens to have a more recent version of a library than you'd realised, or to get the path of an important executable wrong in a script, or to forget that not all computers ship with a thing you take for granted. Not all packaging tools are immune to this problem, but very robust ones (like RPM and DEB, Flatpak, and AppImage) are. I can't count the times I've tried to deliver an RPM only to be reminded by rpmbuild that I haven't included the -devel version of a dependency (many Linux distributions separate development libraries from binaries.) You may not literally fix every problem with dependency management by building a single package, but you can clearly identify what your code requires. It only takes a single warning from your packaging tool for you to add a note to other packagers about what they must include in their own builds. As an additional bonus, it's also a good reminder to double check the licenses your project is using. In the haze of desperate hacking to get something to just-work-already, it's helpful to get a gentle reminder that you've linked to a library with a different license than everything else. Few packaging tools (if any?) detect licensing requirements directly, but sometimes all it takes is a reminder that you're using a library that comes from a non-standard repo for you to remember to review licensing. Every package is an example package Once you've packaged your code once, you create an example for everyone coming to your project to turn it into a package of their own. It doesn't matter whether your example package is an RPM or a DEB or just a TGZ for a front-end like SlackBuild or Arch's AUR, it's the interaction between a packaging system and the input script that counts. Even a novice package maintainer is likely to be able to reverse engineer a packaging script enough to reuse the same logic for their own package. Here's the build and install section of the RPM for GNU Hello: %prep %autosetup %build %configure make %{?_smp_mflags} %install %make_install %find_lang %{name} rm -f %{buildroot}/%{_infodir}/dir %post /sbin/install-info %{_infodir}/%{name}.info %{_infodir}/dir || : Here's the GNU Hello build script for Arch Linux: source=(https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/hello/$pkgname-$pkgver.tar.gz) md5sums=('5cf598783b9541527e17c9b5e525b7eb') build(){ cd "$pkgname-$pkgver" ./configure --prefix=/usr make } package(){ cd "$pkgname-$pkgver" make DESTDIR="$pkgdir/" install } There are differences, but you can see the shared logic. There are macros or functions that abstract some common steps of the build process, there are variables to ensure consistency, and they both benefit from using automake as provided by the source code. Armed with these examples, you could probably write a DEB package or Flatpak ref for GNU Hello in an afternoon. Package your code at least once Packaging is quality assurance. Even though a packaging system is really just a front-end for whatever build system your code uses anyway, the rigour of creating a repeatable and automated process for delivering your project is a helpful exercise. It benefits your project, and it benefits the people eager to deliver your project to other users. Software development isn't over until it's packaged.Shownotes taken from https://www.both.org/?p=13264Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Mission:Libre is a new project for 11 to 14-year-old kids who're interested in free software. Mission:Libre website: https://missionlibre.org Carmen's e-mail address: carmen@missionlibre.org "Libre!" issue 0: https://missionlibre.org/files/libre0.pdf Mission:Libre's Liberapay: https://liberapay.com/MissionLibreProvide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. This brings us to a look at some of Arthur C. Clarke's other stories, A Time Odyssey (1951), Tales From the White Hart (1957), The Nine Billion Names of God (1954), The Star (1955), Dolphin Island (1964), and A Meeting With Medusa (1971. These stories will wrap up our look at Clarke's Science Fiction and we have seen a lot of good stuff here. And as a final note, we cover CLarke's Three Laws. Arthur C. Clarke: Other Works, A Time Odyssey A collaboration between two of science fiction's best authors: what could possibly go wrong? Well, something went wrong. This series is not bad, but I hesitate to describe it as good. This series was described by Clarke as neither a prequel nor a sequel, but an “orthoquel”, a name coined from “orthogonal”, which means something roughly like “at right angles”, though it is also used in statistics to denote events that are independent and do not influence each other. And in relativity theory Time is orthogonal to Space. And in multi-dimensional geometry we can talk about axes in each dimension as orthogonal to all of the others. It is something I can't picture, being pretty much limited to three dimensions, but it can be described mathematically. It is sort of like the 2001 series, but not really. It has globes instead of monoliths. And the spheres have a circumference and volume that is related to their radius not by the usual pi, but by exactly three. Just what this means I am not sure, other than they are not sphere's in any usual sense of the word. In this story these spheres seem to be gathering people from various eras and bringing them to some other planet which gets christened “Mir”, though not in any way to the Russian Space Station. It is a Russian word that can mean “peace”, “world”, or “village”. I have seen it used a lot to refer to a village in my studies of Russian history. Anyway, the inhabitants include two hominids, a mother and daughter, a group of British Redcoats, Mongols from the Genghis Khan era, a UN Peacekeeper helicopter, a Russian space capsule, an unknown Rudyard Kipling, the army of Alexander The Great… Well at least they have lots of characters to throw around. They end up taking sides and fighting each other. In the end several of the people are returned to Earth in their own time. But the joke is on them. The beings behind the spheres are call themselves The Firstborn because they were the first to achieve sentience. They figure that best way for them to remain safe is to wipe out any other race that achieves sentience, making them to polar opposite of the beings behind the monoliths in 2001, for whom the mind is sacred. Anyway, the Firstborn have arranged for a massive solar flare that will wipe out all life on Earth and completely sterilize the planet, but conveniently it will happen in 5 years, leaving time for plot development. Of course the people of Earth will try to protect themselves. Then in the third book of the series an ominous object enters the solar system. This is of course a callback to the Rama object. It is like they wanted to take everything from the Rama series and twist it. While I love a lot of Clarke's work and some of Baxter's as well, I think this is eminently skippable. The two of them also collaborated on the final White Hart story, which isn't bad Other Works Tales from the White Hart This collection of short stories has a unity of the setting, a pub called White Hart, where a character tells outrageous stories. Other characters are thinly disguised science fiction authors, including Clarke himself. Clarke mentions that he was inspired to do this by the Jorkens stories of Lord Dunsany, which are also outrageous tall tales, but lacking the science fictions aspects of Clarke's stories. Of course this type of story has a long history, in which we would do well to mention the stories of Baron Munchausen, and of course the stories of L. Sprague de Camp and Fletcher Pratt as found in Tales from Gavagan's Bar. And Spider Robinson would take this basic idea and turn it into a series of books about Callahan's Place. Stories of this type are at least as much Fantasy as anything, but quite enjoyable, and I think I can recommend all of these as worth the time to while away a cold winter's evening while sitting by a warm fire with a beverage of choice. The Nine Billion Names of God This short story won a retrospective Hugo in 2004 as being the best short story of 1954. The idea is that a group of Tibetan monks believe that the purpose of the universe is to identify the nine billion names of God, and once that has been done the universe will no longer have a purpose and will cease to exist. They have been identifying candidates and writing them down, but the work is very slow, so they decide that maybe with a little automation they can speed it up. So they get a computer (and in 1954, you should be picturing a room-sized mainframe), and then hire some Western programmers to develop the program to do this. The programmers don't believe the monks are on to anything here, but a paycheck is a paycheck. They finish the program and start it running, but decide they don't want to be there when the monks discover their theory doesn't work, so they take off early without telling anyone, and head down the mountain. But on the way, they see the stars go out, one by one. The Star This classic short story won the Hugo for Best Short Story in 1956. The story opens with the return of an interstellar expedition that has been studying a system where the star went nova millennia ago. But the expedition's astrophysicist, a Jesuit Priest, seems to be in a crisis of faith. And if you think it implausible that a Jesuit Priest could also be an astrophysicist, I would suggest you look into the case of the Belgian priest Georges Lemaître, who first developed the theory of the Big Bang. Anyway, in the story, they learn that this system had a planet much like Earth, and it had intelligent beings much like Earth, who were peaceful, but in a tragic turn of events they knew that their star was going to explode, but they had no capability of interstellar travel. So they created a repository on the outermost planet of the system that would survive the explosion, and left records of their civilization. And when the Jesuit astrophysicist calculated the time of the explosion and the travel time for light, he is shaken: “[O]h God, there were so many stars you could have used. What was the need to give these people to the fire, that the symbol of their passing might shine above Bethlehem?” Dolphin Island This is a good Young Adult novel about the People of the Sea, who are dolphins. They save a young boy who had stowed away on a hovership that subsequently had crashed, and because no one knew about him he was left among the wreckage when the crew takes off in the life boats. And from here it is the typical Bildungsroman you find in most Young Adult novels. The dolphins bring him to an island, where he becomes involved with a research community led by a professor who is trying to communicate with dolphins. He learns various skills there, survives dangers, and in the end has to risk his life to save the people on the island. If you have a 13 year old in your house, this is worth looking for. A Meeting With Medusa This won the 1972 Nebula Award for Best Novella. It concerns one Howard Falcon, who early in the story has an accident involving a helium-filled airship, is badly injured, and requires time and prosthetics to heal. But then he promotes an expedition to Jupiter that uses similar technology, a Hot-Hydrogen balloon-supported aircraft. This is to explore the upper reaches of Jupiter's atmosphere, which is the only feasible way to explore given the intense gravity of this giant planet. Attempting to land on the solid surface would mean being crushed by the gravity and air pressure, so that is not possible. The expedition finds there is life in the upper clouds of Jupiter. Some of it is microscopic, like a kind of “air plankton” which is bio-luminescent. But there are large creatures as well, one of which is like jellyfish, but about a mile across. This is the Medusa of the title. Another is Manta-like creature, about 100 yards across, that preys on the Medusa. But when the Medusa starts to take an interest on Falcon's craft, he decides to get out quick for safety's sake. And we learn that because of the various prosthetics implanted after the airship accident Falcon is really a cyborg with much faster reactions than ordinary humans. As we have discussed previously, Clarke loved the sea, and in this novella he is using what he knows in that realm to imagine a plausible ecology in the atmosphere of Jupiter. Of course when he wrote this novella no one knew about the truly frightening level of radiation around Jupiter, but then a clever science fiction writer could come up with a way to work around that. Clarke's Three Laws Finally, no discussion of Arthur C. Clarke can omit his famous Three Laws. Asimov had his Three Laws of Robotics, and Clarke had his Three Laws of Technology. When a distinguished but elderly scientist states that something is possible, he is almost certainly right. When he states that something is impossible, he is very probably wrong. The only way of discovering the limits of the possible is to venture a little way past them into the impossible. Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic. This concludes our look at Arthur C. Clarke, the second of the Big Three of the Golden Age of Science Fiction. And that means we are ready to tackle the Dean of Science Fiction, Robert A. Heinlein. Links: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Time_Odyssey https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tales_from_the_White_Hart https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Jorkens https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baron_Munchausen https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tales_from_Gavagan%27s_Bar https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callahan%27s_Crosstime_Saloon https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Nine_Billion_Names_of_God https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Star_(Clarke_short_story) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolphin_Island_(novel) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Meeting_with_Medusa https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarke%27s_three_laws https://www.palain.com/science-fiction/the-golden-age/arthur-c-clarke/arthur-c-clarke-other-works/ Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Offline Translator tools Translate text offline LocalTranslate is an offline translation application that uses Firefox's neural translation models (from the mozilla/firefox-translations-models project) to perform high-quality translations locally on your device. Note: LocalTranslate is not affiliated with The Mozilla Foundation in any way. Links LocalTranslate by Shriram Ravindranathan on flathub.org GPL-3.0 license Source Code Offline Translator - On-device translation of text and images A translator app that performs on-device translation of text and images without sending your data to external servers. Features: On-device translation using Mozilla's translation models Transliteration of non-latin script OCR (Optical Character Recognition) for translating text in images Automatic language detection Image translation overlay that preserves original formatting Support for multiple language pairs No internet required for translation once models are downloaded All translation happens locally Links Offline Translator by David Ventura on F-droid [GNU General Public License v3.0 or later]( https://spdx.org/licenses/GPL-3.0-or-later.html Source Code hpr3315 :: tesseract optical character recognition Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. I am subscribed to a number of YouTube channels, and I am sharing them with you. Links: https://www.youtube.com/@bulwarkmedia https://www.youtube.com/@thefabfaux https://www.youtube.com/@TheGreatWar https://www.youtube.com/@TheHistoryGuyChannel https://www.youtube.com/@TheImmedFamily https://www.youtube.com/@TheKoreanWarbyIndyNeidell https://www.youtube.com/@TheLanguageTutor https://www.youtube.com/@TheLincolnProject https://www.youtube.com/@planetarysociety https://www.youtube.com/@TheSaxyGamer https://www.youtube.com/@JSHIPLIFE https://www.youtube.com/@thespiffingbrit https://www.youtube.com/@AmyShiraTeitel https://www.youtube.com/@thefrielsisters https://www.palain.com/ Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. I'm gonna talk about archiving specifically with tar and even more specifically why I prefer tar over zip. Shownotes at https://www.both.org/?p=13268 Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Today it's a special Christmas episode, it's such a kind of part for the RC cars. So we're going to have to talk to them about the Metro cars. The Metro cars are RC cars that run off of this like 20% oil gas thing. So the oil is in the gas, it has a little motor and you can pay you know $800 for a motor or you can pay, you know, the 50 bucks for a motor. https://traxxas.com/products/models/electric/rustler-bl2s Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Dave and Kevie bring the HPR listeners another festive edition of the Beer Garden, with the focus turning to Belgian Christmas ales. Kevie discovered a scan of the original advert in the Journal De Charleroi from 1896 Translation: Christmas beer has arrived at the Arabian horse and the globe, these two establishments so famous for Anglaise beers. Go and taste it, because Christmas is only sold for a short time. In this episode Dave samples Baby Jesus by Brouwerij 't Verzet and Kevie tries out La Binchoise Speciale Noel . Connect with the guys on Untappd: Dave Kevie The intro sounds for the show are used from: https://freesound.org/people/mixtus/sounds/329806/ https://freesound.org/people/j1987/sounds/123003/ https://freesound.org/people/greatsoundstube/sounds/628437/ Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. References in order of first mention Daytimer - https://www.daytimer.com/ PalmPilot - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PalmPilot Gina Trapani - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gina_Trapani Todo landing page - http://todotxt.org/ Todo file format - https://github.com/todotxt/todo.txt Dropbox - https://www.dropbox.com/ Simpletask - https://github.com/mpcjanssen/simpletask-android/ QTodoTxt - https://github.com/QTodoTxt/QTodoTxt Synology DS220J NAS - https://global.download.synology.com/download/Document/Hardware/DataSheet/DiskStation/20-year/DS220j/enu/Synology_DS220j_Data_Sheet_enu.pdf Ice_recur - https://github.com/rlpowell/todo-text-stuff Py_recur - https://github.com/TASpinner/py_recur Microsoft todo - https://to-do.office.com/tasks/ Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. 02 Less Common Reactor Types In this episode we discuss some of the less common historical reactor types. These are a mixture of less common commercial types and some experimental or research reactors. I will cover advanced or future designs in another episode. 03 Minor Successes 04 Magnox 07 AGR - Advanced Gas Cooled Reactor 10 LWGR - Light Water Graphite Moderated Reactor (RBMK) 14 Historical Oddities or Dead Ends 15 Organically Cooled Reactors 16 Organically Cooled and Moderated 18 Organically Cooled and Heavy Water Moderated 24 HTGCR High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor 28 HWLWR - Heavy Water Light Water Reactor or SGHWR - Steam Generating Heavy Water Reactor 31 Reactors Making a Comeback 32 Pebble Bed Reactors 33 AVR 35 THTR-300 36 South Africa, China, and the US 39 Making a Come Back? 40 MSR - Molten Salt Reactors 41 Slow or Fast Neutron Reactors 42 Fuel 43 Salts 44 Why Some Variants Use Dissolved Fuel 46 History 47 Types of Molten Salt Reactor 48 Pros and Cons 52 Overall 53 Conclusion In this episode we discussed some of the less common historical reactor types. As we have seen, there have been a number of different reactor designs which were less commercially successful for one reason or another. Some of them may make a come back however, particularly as the basis for a small reactor. In the next episode we will describe fast neutron reactors. Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Explicit by the host. Background I have a very old EPSON R300 inkjet printer It has served me well for many years. I thought it was at least 10 if not 15 years old. I got it before I even became interested in Linux. For many of those years now I have been using this printer extensively on Linux. It has been a really good printer and has been incredibly cheap to run. Many years ago I got a number of sets of ink for it. I think they only cost me £15! A colleague at work later on gave me more sets of ink. I ended up with a large bag full of ink cartridges which I have been working my way through ever since. I used the printer infrequently for many years. This is far from ideal for an ink jet printer as doing so tends to cause the ink jet nozzles to clog up. Unsurprisingly in later years it has become somewhat temperamental. The problems consisted of paper mis-feeds (Probably down to the rubber take up rollers going hard over time) and missing bits of print (This I assume due to infrequent use of the printer and age of ink jet cartridges all of which were well out of their expiration date). The mis-fed paper could be solved by individual feeding each sheet through the printer. The poor / missing print could be solved by a combination of running the print head clean routine or by replacing the offending cartridge. Latterly I had print problems again and as per usual after cleaning the heads and then finally changing the cartridge the printer resumed printing normally. Shortly after this I bought myself an Apple iMac mini and thought it could be useful to be able to print from it. I visited the EPSON website downloaded and installed the EPSON print driver for my trusty R300 printer. I tried printing from my iMac and received a warning stating something like some of the components within your printer are worn and may need servicing. I'd never seen a message like this before as I normally print using open source print drivers on Linux which never report such things. When I tried printing on my Apple Mac no black text was visible on the page. I tried running the head cleaning routine and this made no difference. I eventually had to resort to changing the colour of the text within the LibreOffice document. This allowed me to print text that was at least legible. At the time I was a little suspicious of all this as the printer had been working so well just a few days previous. I plugged my trusty printer back into my trusty PC running an old version of Ubuntu using the open source printer drivers. Fired up LibreOffice and tried to print a document. To my surprise the printout was very good. While it was not as good as when the printer was new the quality of the black and coloured text was actually very good. My suspicion though I can't prove it is that the EPSON print driver has worked out that the printer is 10 plus years old and needs to be returned to EPSON for servicing (or to purchase a new printer). To ensure this the driver is crippling the output from the printer. The Open Source print drivers have none of the nefarious nonsense and allows the printer to operate. As I said I cannot prove any of this however I'll leave this up to you decide what you think is going on here. At this point I was going to end the podcast however the story didn't end there. The story continues My mother wanted me to print out some holiday insurance documents for her. She sent me a copy of her documents as I told her my printer was working again. The first page printed out slightly faintly but was readable the other pages seemed to print using invisible ink. I tried cleaning the heads but it made no difference. It's looking a bit like my printer or at least the cartridge is past its expiry date. Clearing out our loft I found the original box for my EPSON R300 printer and discovered that it was purchased in May 2005. This means the printer is now over 20 years old! At this point I decided that it was maybe about time that I replaced our ageing printer. We use the printer very infrequently and rarely need colour. For this reason I decided this time to buy a laser printer since I believe these don't tend to dry out like ink jet printers and are less likely to suffer with infrequent use. Only time will tell though I don't expect this one to last 20 years! Finally after all this I am not sure if using the EPSON driver had anything to do with the final demise of my printer though who knows. As Klaatu would say I leave that up to you dear listener to decide. Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Explicit by the host. A two-part conversation about what it's really like being a woman in tech for almost three decades. Content Warning: The F word probably makes an appearance multiple times. In this episode, Lee sits down with Elsbeth to talk about her long, winding, sometimes ridiculous, often inspiring journey through the IT industry — starting all the way back in 1997. If you've ever worked helpdesk, ever had a customer say “my cup holder broke” (yes, the CD tray)… or ever felt underestimated in a room full of engineers, this one's for you. Because we throw around some tech terms in the conversation, here are a few friendly definitions so everyone can follow along. Terms We Mentioned (in plain English) QA (Quality Assurance) Think of QA as the people who try to break things on purpose so regular users don't break them accidentally . They test software, hardware, websites — you name it — to catch bugs before they cause chaos. If it's glitch-free, a QA person probably saved the day behind the scenes. Content Moderation This is the work of keeping the internet from turning into the Wild West. Moderators review posts, comments, images, and videos to make sure they follow community rules and don't harm users. It's a mix of tech tools and human judgment — and yes, it can get intense. Building PCs Where many IT careers start! Building PCs is basically grown-up Lego: picking parts assembling them hoping you don't zap anything with static electricity praying the cable management gods smile upon you It's one of the most empowering skills in tech and often the first time someone realizes, “Oh hey… I can actually do this.” Gender Equality & Inequality Gender equality means giving everyone the same chance to succeed — no matter who they are. Gender inequality is what happens when that doesn't happen. In tech, inequality often looks like: being talked over being paid less being assumed “non-technical” having to prove yourself twice as hard being the only woman in a room… again Elsbeth has seen all of this firsthand since 1997 — and she's got stories. End-User The end-user is simply the person who actually uses the product. Not the engineer who built it. Not the manager who approved it. Not the QA who tested it. The end-user is the human at the end of the chain who clicks the button, pushes the key, taps the app… and finds entirely new ways to break things no one expected. Understanding them is the secret superpower of tech. Neurodivergence Neurodivergence means brains come in many beautiful varieties — like ADHD, autism, dyslexia, and more. Neurodivergent people often bring incredible strengths to IT, including creativity, pattern spotting, hyperfocus, and out-of-the-box problem solving. They can also face misunderstandings in workplaces that weren't designed with different brains in mind — something Elsbeth talks about openly and honestly in this episode. Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. In our next look at the game mechanics for Civilization V we examine the topic of Science and how to win a Science victory. This is something that has been in Civilization from the very beginning, but in Civilization V there are some changes worth addressing. Playing Civilization V, Part 7 Science In most respects this is not all that different in Civ 5. Most of the techs are the same, there is a tech tree that is pretty similar, and you need to keep up in Science for any victory condition you are seeking. You may want to just beat your enemies into submission, but if you are using Chariots while they have Tanks, you aren't going to have success. But also it is obvious that if you are going for a Science victory, you need to really focus on this. So many of these tips should be followed for any victory condition, but should be mandatory if you are going for a Science victory. The mechanics of researching technologies is that you have to accumulate a certain amount of Science to discover a new technology, but this amount goes up over time, so you have be continuously looking to increase your output of Science to keep up. for instance, one of your first Techs would be Pottery, which has a cost of 35 Science. But in your Capital city you get 3 Science from your Palace, and let's say you have a population of 2, so you are generating 5 Science per turn. That means you will research Pottery in 7 turns. But the Education tech costs 485 Science, Astronomy costs 780, Scientific Theory costs 1650, Plastics 4700, and Particle Physics 6000. These are all key techs to advance your Science to a Science Victory. So you can see that you need to be continually increasing your Science. To start with, Population=Science. You get one Science for every one point of population. That does not, however, mean that you need to have a lot of cities to get there. 4-5 well developed cities are quite sufficient, and adding more cities can cause Unhappiness problems. Since higher population itself can cause Unhappiness there is no good reason to add to the problem. Buildings The next boost you can give to Science is by building city improvements. The first, which comes early in the game, is the Library, which is available once you research Writing. A Library boosts the Science output of a city by one Science for every two citizens (roughly a 50% boost, rounded down), so building those early pays off. Because advancing through the tech tree is a process of accumulating Science, the earlier you can get these boosts the better. The other population-based boost is the Public School (available when you research Scientific Theory), which also boosts Science by one for every two citizens, and also offers a Specialist slot for a Science Specialist. And since more population means more Science, the Granary (available when you research Pottery) is a good building because it helps to grow your population. There is one other building worth mentioning which is the Observatory (available when you discover Astronomy). It doesn't depend on population, but on location. You have to have a city that is located directly next to a Mountain to build this, but it adds 50% to the Science output of the city. Mountains are otherwise useless (unless you are the Incas), but if you want a Science boost and happen to see good location (the ideal spot is an isolated mountain that is not part of a mountain range so you don't lose farming and mining production) this can be great boost. Scientist Specialists You can at a certain point take some of your citizens out of the farming and mining and turn them into Specialists, but you have to have a slot for them, and those slots come in buildings as well. We've already mentioned Public Schools providing one slot. Universities (available when you discover Education) provide 2 slots, as well as boosting the city output of Science by 33%. The other Science building, which comes late in the game, is the Research Lab (available when you discover Plastics) which adds another Specialist slot, plus 4 Science, and then adds 50% to the Science Output of the city. It comes too late to help much in most of the Tech Tree, but is essential to research the Space techs, which are very expensive. Wonders The first one to try for is the Great Library. It gives you a free Library in the city, +3 Science per turn, and a free tech. Use the free tech to get an expensive tech like Philosophy. Oracle provides 1 Great Person Point per turn towards a Great Scientist. Hanging Gardens provides +6 Food per turn (boosting your population), and a free Garden which boosts your Great Person Points by 25%. Leaning Tower of Pisa increases your Great Person Points by 25% in all cities, plus a free Great Person of your choice when you build it. Porcelain Tower gives you +50% from Research Agreements, plus a free Great Scientist. and Hubble Space Telescope provides two Great Scientists, a free Spaceship Factory in the city where it was built, and +25% production for spaceship parts. All of the above are World Wonders, which means you are in competition with other players to build them, and only one player can be successful in each case, so you won't get them all. You can sometimes rush a World Wonder by “chopping”, i.e. using your workers to cut down Forests for added production, but you need to have high production cities to build Wonders in general. There is one National Wonder to focus on, though, the National College. Every player can build their own version of any National Wonder. The National College can be built only when you have a Library in every one of your cities. Your strategy should be to build it as soon as possible, so don't build more than 3-4 cities before you get to this. It gives you +3 Science, plus an increase of 50% in the Science output of the city you build it in. Great Scientists As you work on your Science you will accumulate Great Person Points towards getting a Great Scientist. Some wonder produce Great Person Points, and all of your Science Specialists produce Great Person Points as well. As these add up you will suddenly see a Great Scientist appear. In the early game, the best thing to do is use this Great Scientist to build an Academy. Move the GS to any tile within your city and create the Academy there. It will yield at least +8 Science, bu there are also modifiers that can add to that. The alternative which is better later in the game is to use the Great Scientist to get a free Tech discovery. The reason is that early in the game that +8 Science is very significant, and it can accumulate over time. Combine that with things like an Observatory and a University that increase the city output and it can add up nicely over time. But by perhaps the Medieval Era, and certainly the Renaissance Era, you start running out of time for that accumulation. Meanwhile, the techs have gotten so expensive that a free Tech is the better option. Research Agreements These become available once you research Education. You have to have a Declaration of Friendship with the other player to create one. You each put a certain amount of gold into the pot to fund the research, and after a period of time (usually 30 turns) you each get an amount of Science from it. The way it is calculated is based on the partner that produced the least amount of Science during the agreement. From a science standpoint if you are ahead in Science it probably won't benefit you to enter into the agreement. But it does build your relationship with the other player so I wouldn't avoid them altogether. If you are behind in Science it can help you, of course. Policies and Ideologies Given that you should probably be building tall (4-5 cities) instead of wide (8-12 cities), it makes sense to start out with Tradition instead of Liberty. But once you get to the Renaissance you will want to enable the Rationalism tree to maximize your Science. When you get to Ideologies, you have a choice to make. Ignore Autocracy as that is not a Science-oriented choice. If you have 3-5 cities, Freedom is the best Ideology because Specialists require less food (Civil Society), and have reduced Unhappiness (Universal Suffrage). With a wide strategy (more than 5 cities) Order starts to look better. Getting Worker's Faculties will give +25% Science from every Factory. Exploration and Techs Exploration is generally a good idea for a variety of reasons, but one to focus on here is the effect of meeting other players. In the first place, if you find other players who have researched techs you do not yet have, you can trade for them. You do this whenever possible. Remember, the other players will all be trading with each other anyway, so if you don't participate you will simply fall behind. If you have a nice tech and can trade it to just two other players, you will jump up two techs along the tech tree, and that can be huge. If you hold onto it as a secret, some other player will research it, and they will trade it and get that boost instead. So trade whenever you can. Another advantage is that when you discover that another player has a tech you don't have yet, your cost to research it goes down. Trade This is the next Science boost we will cover. when you set up a trade route with either another player or a City-State, one of the benefits can be an increase to your Science. The main benefit of trade routes is money, at least the way I play, so I will always start by looking for the best addition to my Treasury, but if I can choose between equivalent monetary rewards but one trade route offers more Science I might prefer that if I am going for a Science victory. Choosing an Empire There are many Empires you can play, and some of them are oriented to a Science victory. The two obvious choices are Babylon and Korea. Babylon gets a free Great Scientist when you discover Writing, which is very early, so you should use it to put down an Academy. And it earns Great Scientists 50% faster. Korea's advantage comes from +2 Science from all specialists and from all Great Person tile improvements, plus you get a tech boost each time a Science building or wonder is built in the Capital. Of course, you can win a Science victory with any Empire if you are careful about leveraging your Empire's strengths. For example, Venice and Portugal can rake in the gold in huge amounts, and you can buy a lot of stuff that way. Or with the Celts you generate a ton of Faith, and that can be used to buy buildings and Great Scientists with the right Social Policies. Conclusion This is just a quick overview of the Science path, and there is always more to learn. If you really want to dive into the Science options and get a Science Victory, the Civilization Fanatics site has a pretty good strategy guide at https://forums.civfanatics.com/threads/science-victory-guide-any-difficulty.530940/. Links: https://forums.civfanatics.com/threads/science-victory-guide-any-difficulty.530940/ https://www.palain.com/gaming/civilization-v/playing-civilization-v-part-7/ Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. lrest=0; while true; do echo refreshing project list; tsk=$(task +PENDING _unique project | shuf); for x in $tsk; do echo proj:$x; dispmd="task proj:$x ready || task ready"; [[ $lrest -eq 0 ]] && dispmd="task ready"; timeout 1500 watch $dispmd; ((lrest=lrest+1)); echo "begin break with enter..."; read; resttime=5; if [[ $lrest -gt 3 ]]; then resttime=15; lrest=0; fi; while [[ $resttime -gt 0 ]]; do echo $resttime minute rest; sleep 60; ((resttime=resttime-1)); done; echo "break over, enter to continue..."; read; done; done Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. I am subscribed to a number of YouTube channels, and I am sharing them with you. Links: https://www.youtube.com/@civilization https://www.youtube.com/@sixtysymbols https://www.youtube.com/@SophieAlloway https://www.youtube.com/@SpaceRocketHistoryChannel https://www.youtube.com/@StamFine https://www.youtube.com/@Stubagful https://www.youtube.com/@Suibhne https://www.youtube.com/@talkmoretalksolobeatles https://www.youtube.com/@TTBFromTheRoad https://www.youtube.com/@theark2544 https://www.youtube.com/@TheBeatles https://www.palain.com/ Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Hello, again. This is Trey. Welcome to part 6 in my Cheap Yellow Display (CYD) Project series. Thank you for hanging in there with me on this rambling series. If you wish to catch up on earlier episodes, you can find them on my HPR profile page https://www.hackerpublicradio.org/correspondents/0394.html To review, my project is to build a portable morse code "Keyer memory" which can be connected to any of my amateur HF transceiver radios by simply plugging it in to the code key input port. This is based around an ESP32 platform which comes prepackaged on a yellow PC board with a color touchscreen display, WIFI, and Bluetooth. We fondly call this contraption the Cheap Yellow Display. So far, I have defined the necessities, collected the required hardware, and failed miserably building the graphical user interface (GUI). While I sort out the technical challenges getting my GUI code to play nicely with the CYD's touchscreen, it is important that we spend some time discussing Morse code itself, and the timing standards we will need to follow. I am not going to dive too deeply into the history behind telegraphs and Morse code, but it is very interesting. If you want to learn more, Wikipedia has the origins and evolution written out quite nicely at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morse_code For our purposes, we will fast forward from the year 1820 (When telegraphy began) all the way to 1865 when the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) standardized, what it called "International Morse Code". When I say Morse Code for the remainder of this podcast, I am referring to this ITU International Morse Code. Morse code typically includes the following characters: The 26 letter basic Latin alphabet The Indo-Arabic numerals 0 to 9 There is also a single accented Latin letter (É), which is written as an E with an accent mark, and a handful of punctuation marks. These characters are encoded using a sequence of short and long signals. Each short signal is referred to as a dit . Each long signal is referred to as a dah . At a young age, I began to refer to them as dots and dashes, as this is how they are usually written. For example, the letter "A" consists of a single dit followed by a single dah. When written out this would look like a period followed by a hyphen (what some might call a minus sign) .- This encoding method allows messages to be sent by turning on and off an electrical signal. This could result in a light flashing or a tone sounding to the pattern of the signal. The timing of a dit and dah, along with the spacing between them is carefully defined. Morsecode.world does a great job explaining the timing, and you can find their explanation at https://morsecode.world/international/timing/ It all starts with the dit, or more accurately, the amount of time the dit signal is turned on. We will call this length of time 1 unit. We will get to the actual length of time for a unit later in this episode. For now, it is just one unit. So, if a dit is 1 unit long, a dah will be 3 units long, so there is an obvious and consistent difference between a dit and a dah. Also, empty space between elements of the same character is 1 unit long. The space between characters should be 3 units long. Let's demonstrate using the letters H, P, & R. An "H" would be 4 dits …. A "P" would be 1 dit followed by 2 dahs and ending with 1 dit .--. An "R" would be 1 dit followed by 1 dah and ending with 1 dit .-. Remember when we send these grouped together like a word, we need 3 units of spacing between each character. You can hear this now. This is Morse code for the letters "HPR" at 15 words per minute .... .--. .-. That is the perfect segue to the next section, words per minute. The speed of morse code is measured in "words per minute". But how do you calculate this when some characters are short (Like the letter "E" which is only a single dit long), and other characters are long (Like the letter "J" which starts with a single dit and is followed by 3 dahs)? And that's just letters. What about words? We have short words and long words. How can we standardize on words per minute with so much diversity of length? Well, thanks to the French, we have a quite elegant solution to this problem. Well, not the French in general. Just PARIS. PARIS is the standard word which has been agreed upon to be used for determining the speed of Morse code. The word PARIS is 50 units long. "P" = dit(1) + (1) + dah(3) + (1) + dah(3) + (1) + dit(1) = 11 units {Space between letters} = 3 units "A" = dit(1) + (1) + dah(3) = 5 units {Space between letters} = 3 units "R" = dit(1) + (1) + dah(3) + (1) + dit(1) = 7 units {Space between letters} = 3 units "I" = dit(1) + (1) + dit(1) = 3 units {Space between letters} = 3 units "S" = dit(1) + (1) + dit(1) + (1) + dit(1) = 5 units {Space between words} = 7 units 11+3+5+3+7+3+3+3+5+7 = 50 units Here is the word PARIS sent at 15 WPM .--. .- .-. .. ... Morsecode.world again does a great job explaining the maths for how many milliseconds long a dit should be for a specific WPM of code ( https://morsecode.world/international/timing/ ) But, no... We could not keep it that simple. Some guy named Donald R. "Russ" Farnsworth had to complicate things and increase the gaps between letters and words to make interpreting code much easier. There are even more maths for Farnsworth timing... Wait a minute. When did I start saying "Maths" instead of "Math" like a normal North American? What is the reasoning around pluralizing "Math" anyways? Which way is more original English, "Math" or "Maths"? This sounds like a show idea for someone other than me. If you know or are interested in researching it, I look forward to listening to your show in the future. ANYWAYS, there IS much more MATH about Farnsworth timing on another page on Morsecode.world. ( https://morsecode.world/international/timing/farnsworth.html ). But I don't want to get into all of it in detail here. Not when there is a shortcut we can use in our code. Simplified, we can take 1,200 and divide it by the WPM we desire, and it will give us a close enough approximation of the number of milliseconds long a dit should be. For the 15 WPM messages you have heard throughout this episode, a dit was 1200/15 = 80 ms in length. If I speed it up to 20 WPM (The speed at which I try to practice) a dit will be 1200/20 = 60 ms long. This will be an important calculation for us as we develop the code we will later be using to construct our messages using the CYD. And this is also a good stopping point so that I can get back to trying to build that infernal GUI. Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Explicit by the host. New hosts There were no new hosts this month. Last Month's Shows Id Day Date Title Host 4521 Mon 2025-12-01 HPR Community News for November 2025 HPR Volunteers 4522 Tue 2025-12-02 Lee interviews Elsbeth about SL Shop and Hop event Elsbeth 4523 Wed 2025-12-03 Nuclear Reactor Technology - Ep 1 - Nuclear Basics Whiskeyjack 4524 Thu 2025-12-04 Living the Tux Life Episode 3 - Automating the Install Al 4525 Fri 2025-12-05 Using mail merge in thunderbird Ken Fallon 4526 Mon 2025-12-08 Baofeng and SDR++ Lee 4527 Tue 2025-12-09 Overly Complicated Media Ripping setup Archer72 4528 Wed 2025-12-10 Photography software Henrik Hemrin 4529 Thu 2025-12-11 yoga370 review Brian-in-Ohio 4530 Fri 2025-12-12 Playing Civilization V, Part 6 Ahuka 4531 Mon 2025-12-15 HPR Beer Garden 6 - Imperial Stouts Kevie 4532 Tue 2025-12-16 Cheap Yellow Display Project Part 5: Graphical User Interface Trey 4533 Wed 2025-12-17 Nuclear Reactor Technology - Ep 2 Nuclear Fuel Whiskeyjack 4534 Thu 2025-12-18 Reviving My Kawai K4 Synthesizer Claudio Miranda 4535 Fri 2025-12-19 Living the Tux Life Episode 4 - Various software I have been using Al 4536 Mon 2025-12-22 Welcome to the Linux Community Deltaray 4537 Tue 2025-12-23 “Elsbeth in IT: Since '97” (Part 1) Elsbeth 4538 Wed 2025-12-24 HPR Branding Ken Fallon 4539 Thu 2025-12-25 YouTube Subscriptions 2025 #11 Ahuka 4540 Fri 2025-12-26 Arthur C. Clarke: Other Novels, Part 1 Ahuka 4541 Mon 2025-12-29 HPR Beer Garden 7 - UK Christmas Ales Kevie 4542 Tue 2025-12-30 Can Haiku Mumble? Claudio Miranda 4543 Wed 2025-12-31 Nuclear Reactor Technology - Ep 3 Reactor Basics Whiskeyjack Comments this month These are comments which have been made during the past month, either to shows released during the month or to past shows. There are 27 comments in total. Past shows There are 2 comments on 2 previous shows: hpr4424 (2025-07-17) "How I use Newsboat for Podcasts and Reddit" by Archer72. Comment 5: Ken Fallon on 2025-12-02: "Checking for أحمد المحمودي to see if there are issues." Comment 6: أحمد المحمودي on 2025-12-03: "download-filename-format for HPR podcasts" hpr4520 (2025-11-28) "Arthur C. Clarke: Rama and Sequels" by Ahuka. Comment 1: morhook on 2025-12-30: "programmer and content creator" Comment 2: Kevin O'Brien on 2025-12-30: "Glad you liked it" This month's shows There are 25 comments on 11 of this month's shows: hpr4521 (2025-12-01) "HPR Community News for November 2025" by HPR Volunteers. Comment 1: Archer72 on 2025-11-30: "Silent key"Comment 2: Trey on 2025-12-01: "Silent Key Archive"Comment 3: Trey on 2025-12-01: "TuxJam CYD Episode"Comment 4: candycanearter07 on 2025-12-12: "thoughts"Comment 5: Archer72 on 2025-12-19: "Re: thoughts"Comment 6: candycanearter07 on 2025-12-21: "Re: Re: Thoughts" hpr4522 (2025-12-02) "Lee interviews Elsbeth about SL Shop and Hop event" by Elsbeth. Comment 1: candycanearter07 on 2025-12-13: "peek into the community" hpr4523 (2025-12-03) "Nuclear Reactor Technology - Ep 1 - Nuclear Basics" by Whiskeyjack. Comment 1: bjb on 2025-12-04: "Love your show/series, thank you"Comment 2: Kevin O'Brien on 2025-12-04: "Looking forward to more"Comment 3: Trey on 2025-12-09: "Looking forward to this series" hpr4526 (2025-12-08) "Baofeng and SDR++" by Lee. Comment 1: Trey on 2025-12-09: "SDRs" hpr4529 (2025-12-11) "yoga370 review" by Brian-in-Ohio. Comment 1: Paulj on 2025-12-31: "Thanks - great show" hpr4532 (2025-12-16) "Cheap Yellow Display Project Part 5: Graphical User Interface " by Trey. Comment 1: norrrist on 2025-12-16: "starting small " hpr4533 (2025-12-17) "Nuclear Reactor Technology - Ep 2 Nuclear Fuel" by Whiskeyjack. Comment 1: bjb on 2025-12-18: "Thank the host for interesting series" hpr4535 (2025-12-19) "Living the Tux Life Episode 4 - Various software I have been using" by Al. Comment 1: candycanearter07 on 2025-12-19: "cool setup!"Comment 2: Archer72 on 2025-12-19: "Tmux" hpr4536 (2025-12-22) "Welcome to the Linux Community" by Deltaray. Comment 1: Archer72 on 2025-12-21: "Brilliant!! "Comment 2: Torin Doyle on 2025-12-22: "Deltaray did a fine job in covering GNU/Linux aka Linux, here."Comment 3: Ken Fallon on 2025-12-22: "Agree"Comment 4: Deltaray on 2025-12-26: "Thanks"Comment 5: Morhook on 2025-12-30: "Good talk CliMagic" hpr4538 (2025-12-24) "HPR Branding" by Ken Fallon. Comment 1: candycanearter07 on 2025-12-24: "interesting peak of behind the scenes!!"Comment 2: Steve Barnes on 2025-12-24: "Merci!"Comment 3: Archer72 on 2025-12-29: "Re: candycanearter07" hpr4543 (2025-12-31) "Nuclear Reactor Technology - Ep 3 Reactor Basics" by Whiskeyjack. Comment 1: L'andrew on 2025-12-31: "Praise for this series" Mailing List discussions Policy decisions surrounding HPR are taken by the community as a whole. This discussion takes place on the Mailing List which is open to all HPR listeners and contributors. The discussions are open and available on the HPR server under Mailman. The threaded discussions this month can be found here: https://lists.hackerpublicradio.com/pipermail/hpr/2025-December/thread.html Events Calendar With the kind permission of LWN.net we are linking to The LWN.net Community Calendar. Quoting the site: This is the LWN.net community event calendar, where we track events of interest to people using and developing Linux and free software. Clicking on individual events will take you to the appropriate web page. Any other business Thanks to all 57 HPR contributors in 2025! Ahuka, Al, Antoine, Archer72, beni, Brian-in-Ohio, candycanearter, Celeste, Claudio Miranda, Daniel Persson, Dave Hingley, Dave Morriss, Deltaray, dnt, Elsbeth, folky, FredBlack, gemlog, hairylarry, Henrik Hemrin, Honkeymagoo, HPR Volunteers, iota, Jerm, Jeroen Baten, Jezra, Ken Fallon, Kevie, Kirbotica, Klaatu, ko3moc, Lee, Lochyboy, Major_Ursa, Manon, Marc W. Abel, mightbemike, Moss Bliss, MrX, murph, norrist, operat0r, oxo, Paulj, Reto, Rho`n, Shane - StrandedOutput, SolusSpider, Some Guy On The Internet, Swift110, thelovebug, Thibaut, Trey, Trixter, Trollercoaster, Whiskeyjack, Wojciech Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. I am subscribed to a number of YouTube channels, and I am sharing them with you. Links: https://www.youtube.com/@RickStevesTravelTalks https://www.youtube.com/@RickStevesEuropeOfficial https://www.youtube.com/@ringostarr https://www.youtube.com/@RBReich https://www.youtube.com/@RobWords https://www.youtube.com/@rockhall https://www.youtube.com/@RowanJColeman https://www.youtube.com/@RoyalCaribbeanBlog https://www.youtube.com/@SabatonHistory https://www.youtube.com/@sassygamerlady https://www.youtube.com/@ScienceNewsMag https://www.youtube.com/@NASAScience https://www.youtube.com/@sciencium https://www.youtube.com/@scifri https://www.youtube.com/@SciShow https://www.youtube.com/@SciShowPsych https://www.youtube.com/@scishowspace https://www.youtube.com/@securitynow https://www.palain.com/ Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Refs: https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=2BSD/man/last.u https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Util-linux&oldid=271104508 https://kernel.googlesource.com/pub/scm/utils/util-linux/util-linux/+/612721dba838fe37af543421278416bb7acf770c/login-utils/README.admutil https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-haardt-9087023/details/experience/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/peterorbaek/details/experience/ https://flameshot.org/ commands: ping yahoo.com traceroute -m 100 bad.horse mtr www.yahoo.com scrot flameshot zless messages.1.gz bzless messages.1.bz xzless messages.1.xz last -10 last reboot last $USER -10 People involved: mtr: Matt Kimball Roger Wolff scrot: Tom Gilbert zless and related commands: Paul Eggert last command: Howard Katseff Michael Haardt Peter Orbaek Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. 03-Reactor-Basics 01 Introduction In this episode we will describe the basic features and characteristics of reactors together with descriptions of the most widely used commercial reactor types. 03 Fast Versus Slow Reactors 04 Slow Neutron Reactors 06 Fast Neutron Reactors 08 Reactor Moderators 10 Light Water 11 Heavy Water 13 Graphite 14 Unmoderated 15 Coolants 16 Common Coolants 17 Alternative Coolants 18 Primary and Secondary Coolant Loops 20 Steam Generation 23 Brayton Cycle Gas Turbines 24 Refuelling Method 25 Main Commercial Reactor Types 26 PWR - Pressurized Water Reactor 28 BWR - Boiling Water Reactor 29 PHWR - Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor 33 Conclusion We have covered the main reactor characteristics. These characteristics can be mixed in various ways to give different reactor types. The characteristics also affect the types of fuel that can be used. We also covered the three main commercial power generation reactor types. In the next episode we will describe some of the less common historical reactor types. Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Haiku: https://www.haiku-os.org/ BeOS: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BeOS Mumble: https://www.mumble.info/ HPR NYE Show: https://hackerpublicradio.org/new_year.html How to Connect to HPR Community Room using Mumble: https://hackerpublicradio.org/mumble-howtoProvide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. With Christmas approaching (and actually gone by the time this is posted), Kevie, Dave and Paul try out a variety of Christmas ales from the UK. Dave opts for St Peters Christmas Ale , Kevie samples Samuel Smith's Winter Welcome Ale and Dave supports his local brewery, Purple Moose, with a mug of Merry X-Moose . Connect with the guys on Untappd: Dave Paul Kevie The intro sounds for the show are used from: https://freesound.org/people/mixtus/sounds/329806/ https://freesound.org/people/j1987/sounds/123003/ https://freesound.org/people/greatsoundstube/sounds/628437/ Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. This brings us to a look at some of Arthur C. Clarke's other stories, The Sands of Mars (1951), The Deep Range (1957), and The Fountains of Paradise (1979). These are just a few of his well-regarded stand-alone novels. Links: https://www.sffworld.com/forum/threads/the-clarke-asimov-treaty.46067/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Sands_of_Mars https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islands_in_the_Sky https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthlight https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Space_Trilogy https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Deep_Range https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolphin_Island_(novel) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Ghost_from_the_Grand_Banks https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fountains_of_Paradise https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckminsterfullerene https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Man_Who_Sold_the_Moon https://www.palain.com/science-fiction/the-golden-age/arthur-c-clarke-other-novels-part-1/ Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. I am subscribed to a number of YouTube channels, and I am sharing them with you. Links: https://www.youtube.com/@ProfessorofRock https://www.youtube.com/@ProgAxia https://www.youtube.com/@quill18 https://www.youtube.com/@RachelFlowersMusic https://www.youtube.com/@RadioFreeSkaro https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCvpxXoojGDRVA7zLYlY-48g https://www.youtube.com/@ralphtownermusic412 https://www.youtube.com/@RandyRainbowOfficial https://www.youtube.com/@realfastspanish https://www.youtube.com/@realtimehistory https://www.youtube.com/@RealLifeLore https://www.youtube.com/@pickupchangetoe https://www.youtube.com/@RichieCastellano https://www.youtube.com/@RickBeato https://www.youtube.com/@rickbeato2 https://www.palain.com/ Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. HPR Branding This episode refers to the initial release of https://repo.anhonesthost.net/HPR/hpr_documentation/src/branch/main/branding.md The Intro Duration It will always be 30 seconds long and in some edge cases may be slightly longer. The following table will help put that into context. It gives the percentage of the show the intro takes related to the length of the shows. 1.7% of an average show (29 minutes 30 seconds) 0.1% of our longest show (7 hours 27 minutes) 187.5% of our shortest show (16 seconds) Breakdown Generation The intro is generated by the process_episode.bash script and uses the say.php file to generate the data. The text is created using piper test to speech . It was previously created using espeak , and we are open to suggestions on how to improve it. The text is played over the HPR Theme Music Theme Music Credits The background is an arrangement by Maestraccio which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) license, of the HPR Theme, composed by slick0 which has No Copyright applied. Message To effectively communicate an event it's important to convey the answers to Who? , What? , When? , Where? , and Why? The Five Ws is a checklist used in journalism to ensure that the lead contains all the essential points of a story. As far back as 1913, reporters were taught that the lead should answer these questions about the situation being reported. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_Ws What?, When?, Where? The first sentence is always This is Hacker Public Radio episode (show id) for “(day of week)” the “(day number)” of “(month and year). Saying the name of the show at the beginning of an episode is called establishing brand recognition . It is standard for podcasts, TV and Radio shows as well as on broadcast networks, not to mention the pre-rolls in a movie. We started to do it because some of our Visually Impaired users appreciated knowing what show is playing. Now the same reason can be applied to everyone as the use of visual controlled User interfaces have diminished. Most people control the playlist with headset or voice controls. Saying the show id, and date is common where there are a lot of episodes eg: news or weather shows. It is often skipped where the content is sufficient to identify the episode, eg “the last episode of the foo bar baz podcast, or the last Saturday Night Live” We include the show id and date to allow the listener to refer to the episode easily. As we have literally thousands of shows, we need to help people identify which show they are now listening to, so that it can be easily shared, or commented on. What? Why? We always include Today's show is entitled. (title) . If the episode is part of a series then we also include It is part of the series (series name) . We always include the show (synopsis) . This tells the listener what the show is about. It allows them to skip the episode if they wish. They may wish to do this for many reasons, for example: because they are not interested in the topic, they wish to listen to it while in front of a computer to reference the accompanying show notes, they are listening in public and the topic might not be appropriate. Who? The next part will either be It is the first show by new host (host name) , It is the (multiple of 10)th show of (host name) , or It is hosted by (host name) We are required by the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) license to credit our hosts, so we do. We think it's important to highlight new hosts especially, so our community we encourage them to continue to contribute. It's also nice to call out hosts who have been contributing a lot by highlighting each 10th show they send in. Where? We always include and is about (minutes)minutes long to give people an idea of how long the show is. Normal broadcasts have to fit neatly into a standard TV/Radio Broadcast schedule. Many podcasters now follow the same tradition of having episodes of a predictable length. Eg: 30 minutes or an hour. On HPR, there is no restriction on how long the show can be so it's desirable to give the listener a way to know how long the episode is so they can plan accordingly. Warning We always include either It carries a clean flag or It carries an explicit flag . This is also common for broadcasts where they are dealing with a topic that may be disturbing to some people. What We always include The summary is. (summary) . As this also tells the listener what the show is about. License In the event that the show is not released CC-BY-SA we include Todays show is licensed under a (license_long_name) license. Outro Theme Music Credits The background is an arrangement by Maestraccio which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) license, of the HPR Theme, composed by slick0 which has No Copyright applied. Over the music is the following text recorded by Manon which has No Copyright applied. You have been listening to Hacker Public Radio at hackerpublicradio.org . Today's show was contributed by a HPR listener like yourself. If you ever thought of recording a podcast, then click on our contribute link to find out how easy it really is. Hosting for HPR has been kindly provided by anhonesthost.com , the Internet Archive and rsync.net . Unless otherwise stated, today's show is released under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) license. Discussions about the HPR Theme 2023-04 intro 2022-03 Great Intro 2022-03 TTS 2022-03 The TTS voice 2021-11 Theme - was “Possible cause and solution to subscriber attrition(trying again without encryption)” 2020-08 the voice 2019-11 Ken's Voice Is Better Than espeak 2018-09 HPR Branding 2018-09 Accordion outro 2018-10 Intro volume 2018-10 TTS over intro music 2016-02 speech synthesis during intro 2015-12 How to check if the intro and outro are added 2015-02 Intro and Outro 2014-12 Outro Theme 2014-12 Bug Fix HPR Intros 2014-11 MaryTTS, clipping 2014-11 An HPR Theme Question, And First Time Member 2014-02 What's the word on intro and outro clips? 2011-09 HPR Theme 2009-06 my eps for HPR and intro Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Explicit by the host. A two-part conversation about what it's really like being a woman in tech for almost three decades. Content Warning: The F word probably makes an appearance multiple times. In this episode, Lee sits down with Elsbeth to talk about her long, winding, sometimes ridiculous, often inspiring journey through the IT industry — starting all the way back in 1997. If you've ever worked helpdesk, ever had a customer say “my cup holder broke” (yes, the CD tray)… or ever felt underestimated in a room full of engineers, this one's for you. Because we throw around some tech terms in the conversation, here are a few friendly definitions so everyone can follow along. Terms We Mentioned (in plain English) QA (Quality Assurance) Think of QA as the people who try to break things on purpose so regular users don't break them accidentally . They test software, hardware, websites — you name it — to catch bugs before they cause chaos. If it's glitch-free, a QA person probably saved the day behind the scenes. Content Moderation This is the work of keeping the internet from turning into the Wild West. Moderators review posts, comments, images, and videos to make sure they follow community rules and don't harm users. It's a mix of tech tools and human judgment — and yes, it can get intense. Building PCs Where many IT careers start! Building PCs is basically grown-up Lego: picking parts assembling them hoping you don't zap anything with static electricity praying the cable management gods smile upon you It's one of the most empowering skills in tech and often the first time someone realizes, “Oh hey… I can actually do this.” Gender Equality & Inequality Gender equality means giving everyone the same chance to succeed — no matter who they are. Gender inequality is what happens when that doesn't happen. In tech, inequality often looks like: being talked over being paid less being assumed “non-technical” having to prove yourself twice as hard being the only woman in a room… again Elsbeth has seen all of this firsthand since 1997 — and she's got stories. End-User The end-user is simply the person who actually uses the product. Not the engineer who built it. Not the manager who approved it. Not the QA who tested it. The end-user is the human at the end of the chain who clicks the button, pushes the key, taps the app… and finds entirely new ways to break things no one expected. Understanding them is the secret superpower of tech. Neurodivergence Neurodivergence means brains come in many beautiful varieties — like ADHD, autism, dyslexia, and more. Neurodivergent people often bring incredible strengths to IT, including creativity, pattern spotting, hyperfocus, and out-of-the-box problem solving. They can also face misunderstandings in workplaces that weren't designed with different brains in mind — something Elsbeth talks about openly and honestly in this episode. Provide feedback on this episode.

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Below are some links to help you find related software and resources: Beginner-Friendly Distros https://linuxmint.com https://ubuntu.com https://fedoraproject.org https://pop.system76.com Help & Community Linux Questions — https://www.linuxquestions.org Reddit r/linux4noobs — https://www.reddit.com/r/linux4noobs Stack Exchange Unix/Linux — https://unix.stackexchange.com Ask Fedora — https://ask.fedoraproject.org Ubuntu Forums — https://ubuntuforums.org Local & Live Community https://www.linux.org/forums/ https://freegeek.org/ https://mastodon.social https://fosstodon.org Software Alternatives GIMP (image editing) — https://www.gimp.org Krita (digital painting) — https://krita.org Inkscape (vector graphics) — https://inkscape.org Blender (3D modeling & animation) — https://blender.org LibreOffice (office suite) — https://libreoffice.org Ardour (audio workstation) — https://ardour.org LMMS (music production) — https://lmms.io Kdenlive (video editing) — https://kdenlive.org Linux Gaming Steam for Linux — https://store.steampowered.com ProtonDB compatibility reports — https://www.protondb.com Lutris game launcher — https://lutris.net Provide feedback on this episode.